肝胆外科文献常用英语单词
肝病专业英语词汇
在论坛上搜了一下，没有发现肝病专业的英语词汇，所以做个提议，大家一起整理一下关于肝病专业的英语词汇。
估计词汇不会超过1000，我们以每帖50个词汇为限，整理完毕，争取在3-6个月的时间，能使我们本版战友可以轻松阅读专业期刊杂志，希望各位高手和斑竹支持。
我先抛砖引玉，这是我整理了1天整理出的中英文对照肝脏基础知识，希望能继续下去。
The LiverThe liver is the largest gland in the body (approximately 1500 grams) and is located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. It is glossy in appearance and dark red in color from the rich supply of blood flowing through it. Approximately 25% of the cardiac output flows to the liver. It performs many important functions:(1)the uptake, storage, and disposal of nutrients (protein, carbohydrates and fat), drugs, toxins and (2)the production of synthetic proteins (critical for blood clotting) and metabolism of substances produced by the body.肝脏肝脏是人体最大的腺体（重约1500克），它位于右上腹部。
肝脏表面光滑，因血液供应丰富而呈暗红色。
大约25%的心输出量流向肝脏。
肝脏有许多重要的功能：（1）营养物（蛋白质、碳水化合物和脂肪）、药物和毒素的摄取、储存和代谢。
医学英语词汇：常见手术名称
医学英语词汇：常见手术名称医学英语词汇：常见手术名称导语：做为一名医务人员，不可能对常手术的英文名称不了解，这样可不是一名合格的医务人员。
以下是小编为大家精心整理的医学英语词汇：常见手术名称，希望能帮助到有需要的朋友!General Sugery 普外科appendectomy (appendicectomy) 阑尾切除术cholecystectmy 胆囊切除术cholecystostomy 胆囊造口术drainage of the abscess 脓肿引流enterostomy 肠造口术exploratory laparotomy 开腹探查术gastrectomy 胃切除术gastroduodenostomy 胃十二指肠吻合术hemorrhoidectomy 痔切除术hepaticotomy 肝管切开术hepatectomy 肝切除术herniorrhaphy 疝修补术ligation of lower oesophageal veins 低位食管静脉结扎pancreatectomy 胰切除术portal vena cava anastomosis 门腔静脉吻合术pyloroplasty 幽门成形术mastectomy 乳房切除术splenectomy 脾切除术thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除术thyroid lobectomy 甲状腺叶切除术vagotomy 迷走神经切断术Orthopedics 骨科amputation 截肢arthrodesis 关节固定术excision of bone tumor 骨瘤切除术external fixation 外固定fasciotomy 筋膜切开术free skin graft 游离皮肤移植internal fixation 内固定plaster cast 石膏固顶plaster splintage 石膏夹板固定prosthetic replacement for joint 人工关节置换术reduction of fracture 骨折复位reduction of joint dislocation 关节脱位复位repair if ligament 韧带修补replantation if digit断指再植skeletal traction 骨牵引tenorrhaphy 腱缝合术。
(完整版)肝病常用英文
【原创】一起学习肝病专业英语词汇肝硬化并发症：The complications of liver cirrhosis核苷类似物：Nucleoside analoguesNucleoside analogs乙肝肝硬化：Hepatitis B cirrhosis肾功能：renal function肾小球滤过率(GFR，glomerular filtration rate)指南：guide 亚肝会指南APASL guide慢加急性肝衰竭：Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure长期：over a long period of time;long-term Hemochromatosis：血色沉着病Phlebotomy：放血, 静脉切开放血术Copper Chelator：铜螯合剂Penicillamine：青霉胺Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency alpha-1：抗胰蛋白酶缺陷症Ribavirin：三(氮)唑核苷,病毒唑(抗病毒药) Deferoxamine：去铁胺Pruritus：搔痒症Osteoprosis：骨质疏松症Scleroderma：硬皮病gallbladder distention 胆胀hypochondriac pain[disease] 胁痛[病]hepatic insufficiency肝衰竭hepatic lobule肝小叶hepatic tumor 肝瘤hepaptosis 肝下垂heparinization 肝素化heparinocyte 肝素细胞hepatalgia 肝痛hepatargia 肝衰竭hepatatrophia 肝萎缩hepatectomy 肝切除术hepatic amebiasis 肝阿米巴病hepatic bile 肝胆汁hepatic cell 肝细胞hepatic cirrhosis 肝硬变hepatic coma 肝性昏迷hepatic cords 肝细胞索hepatic echography 肝回波描记术hepatic failure 肝衰竭hepatic fetor 肝病性口臭hepatic insufficiency 肝衰竭hepatic lobule 肝小叶hepatic tumor 肝瘤hepatico duodenostomy 肝十二指肠吻合术hepatico enterostomy 肝小肠吻合术hepatico gastrostomy 肝管胃吻合术hepatico jejunostomy 肝管空肠吻合术hepaticotomy 肝管切开术hepatitis virus 肝炎病毒hepatization 肝样变hepatoblastoma 肝胚细胞瘤hepatocarcinoma 肝癌hepatocele 肝突出hepatocellular carcinoma 肝细胞癌hepatocellular jaundice 肝细胞性黄疸hepatocerebral syndrome 肝脑综合征hepatocholangioduodenostomy 肝管十二指肠吻合术hepatocholangioenterostomy 肝管肠吻合术hepatocholangiogastrostomy 肝管胃吻合术hepatocholangiostomy 胆管造口术hepatocirrhosis 肝硬变hepatocyte 肝细胞hepatodynia 肝痛hepatogenous diabetes 肝原性糖尿病hepatogram 肝搏动图hepatography 肝x 线照相术hepatolenticular degeneration 肝豆状核变性hepatolith 肝石hepatolithectomy 肝石切除术hepatolithiasis 肝石病hepatology 肝脏病学hepatoma 肝细胞瘤hepatomegalia 肝大hepatomegaly 肝大hepatomelanosis 肝黑变病hepatomphalocele 脐部肝突出hepatomphalos 脐部肝突出hepatonephritis 肝肾炎hepatopexy 肝固定术hepatorenal syndrome 肝肾综合征hepatorrhagia 肝出血hepatorrhaphy 肝缝术hepatorrhea 肝液溢hepatorrhexis 肝破裂hepatoscintigram 肝闪烁图hepatoscopy 肝检查hepatosis 肝机能障碍hepatosplenography 肝脾x 线照相术hepatosplenomegaly 肝脾大hepatotherapy 肝剂疗法hepatotomy 肝切开术hepatotoxemia 肝性毒血病hepatotoxicity 肝毒性BILIRUBIN -Chemical breakdown product of hemoglobin. Measured in blood specimen by laboratory to assess function of liver.胆红素——血色素化学损坏的产物。
医学专业英语必备词汇
医学专业英语必备词汇1. Anatomy - 解剖学2. Physiology - 生理学3. Pathology - 病理学4. Pharmacology - 药理学5. Microbiology - 微生物学6. Immunology - 免疫学7. Radiology - 放射学8. Dermatology - 皮肤科学9. Cardiology - 心脏病学10. Gastroenterology - 肠胃病学11. Neurology - 神经病学12. Nephrology - 肾病学13. Hematology - 血液学14. Oncology - 肿瘤学15. Orthopedics - 骨科学16. Ophthalmology - 眼科学17. Obstetrics - 产科学18. Gynecology - 妇科学19. Pediatrics - 小儿科学20. Endocrinology - 内分泌学21. Psychiatry - 精神病学22. Surgery - 外科学23. Anesthesia - 麻醉学24. Radiography - X射线技术25. EKG (Electrocardiogram) - 心电图26. CT Scan (Computerized Tomography) - 计算机断层扫描27. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) - 磁共振成像28. Ultrasound - 超声波29. Biopsy - 活检30. Diagnosis - 诊断31. Treatment - 治疗32. Prescription - 处方33. Medication - 药物34. Surgery - 手术35. Vaccine - 疫苗36. Epidemic - 流行病37. Pandemic - 大流行病38. Symptom - 症状39. Infection - 感染40. Contagious - 传染性的41. Immunity - 免疫力42. Antibiotic - 抗生素43. Antiviral - 抗病毒药物44. Antiseptic - 杀菌剂45. Anesthesia - 麻醉46. Sterilization - 灭菌47. Rehabilitation - 康复48. Prognosis - 预后49. Chronic - 慢性的50. Acute - 急性的。
(完整版)肝胆外科文献常用英语单词
文件生词malignancy恶性 ,恶性肿瘤hepatectomy肝切除术bilirubin胆红素bilirubinemia胆红素血症Hyperbilirubinemia高胆红素血症Indocyanine green吲哚花青绿indocyanine green retention靛青绿滞留量试验hepatic insufficiency肝功能不全,肝功能衰败jaundice黄疸retrospective review回首性检查intraoperative手术中的 ,术中parameters参数Logistic Regression Logistic 回归prognosis预后prognostic预后的hilar门的 ,脐的cholangiocarcinoma胆管上皮癌intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma肝内胆管癌anatomic解剖的 ,解剖学的hepatic hilus肝门perioperative围手术期的indicationcurativeresectionlikelihoodliver functionmetastasis hepatocellular carcinoma unexpectedcholestasisbiliary drainageextended hemihepatectomy Trisegmentectomy Chronic viral hepatitis cirrhosisserumon admission percutaneous transhepaticendoscopic biliary drainage endoscopicdrainage tubeportal vein 适应证 ,指征治愈的切除术可能性肝功能转移肝细胞癌不测的 ,突然的胆汁淤积胆汁引流扩大部分肝切除术三段切除慢性病毒性肝炎肝硬化免疫血清 ,血清住院时 ,住医院时经皮的经肝的内镜胆管引流 ,内镜胆管引流术内窥镜的 ;内窥镜检查的引流管 ,排液管门(静)脉,embolization peritoneal dissemination laparotomydistant metastasis Surgical Procedures anastomosis entericin terms of hemorrhage hemorrhagic hemolysis hemolytic hematology hematological hemodynamics coagulation status prothrombin time栓塞 ,栓塞术 ,栓子形成腹膜的播散 ,分布剖腹手术远端转移外科手术符合术肠的以的看法;以的方式出血出血性的溶血溶血的血液学血液的血流动力学高凝状态凝血酶原时间activated partial thromboplastin time激活部分促凝血酶原激酶时间antithrombin抗凝血酶thrombolytic溶血栓药 ,血栓溶解剂duration连续时间 ;时期nonlinear least squares method natural logarithmcategorizegalactose tolerance testhalf lifecomputed tomography scan contrast mediumbolusintegrated softwarevariablescontinuous variable categorical variable univariatemultivariateunivariate analysis multivariate analysis stepwise procedurechi square testcutoff valueOdds RatioMann Whitney testtailed 非线性最小平方法自然对数分类半乳糖耐量试验半衰期计算机体层拍照扫描 ,CT对照剂 ,造影剂推注集成软件变量连续变量分类变量单变量多变量单变量剖析多元剖析 ,多元统计剖析逐渐过程χ2查验 ,卡方查验 ,截断值比值比曼-怀二氏查验有尾的扫描receiver operating characteristic curve接受者（机）操作特点曲线morbidity and mortality decompressionin regard toliving related liver transplantation parenchymaliver parenchymaexcretoryparenchymalshrinkagebiotransformationadenosine triphosphate ammoniaAspartate Aminotransferase Alanine Aminotransferase Lactate Dehydrogenase alkaline phosphataseglutamylInferior Vena Cavaabdominal aortaParaaorticceliac axis 并发症和死亡率减压对于 ,至于活体家属供肝肝移植术实质肝实质排泄的 ,分泌的质的 ,主质的皱缩 ,皱缩度生物转变三磷腺苷氨天冬氨酸氨基转移酶丙氨酸氨基转移酶乳酸脱氢酶碱性磷酸酶谷氨酰基下腔静脉腹主动脉主动脉旁的腹腔干common hepatic artery proper hepatic artery superior mesenteric Artery Hepatic artery thrombosis pseudoaneurysm portacaval shunt arterialization angiographyocclusionoccludedcollateralconfluenceautologous vein graftporta hepatisPortal lymph nodesecond order biliary radicles lobar atrophycaudate lobefalciform ligament periampullary Retroduodenaljejunum (jejunal)肝总动脉肝固有动脉肠系膜上动脉肝动脉血栓形成假性动脉瘤门(静脉与 )腔静脉分流术动脉化血管造影术闭塞堵塞闭塞的侧的 ,侧支 ,副的合流 ,汇流自体静脉移植物肝门肝门淋奉承二级胆管根肝叶萎缩尾状叶肝镰状韧带壶腹四周的十二指肠后的空肠（的）ileum (ileal)colon(colonic)rectum (rectal)anal canaloncologyoncologicalneoplasmneoplasticneoplastic seedingpapillary tumor adenocarcinoma cystadenomatestisgastrinomasquamous cell carcinoma carcinoid tumorssarcomafocal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) parenchymal disease advanced cancerwell differentiatednodule 回肠（的）结肠（的）直肠（的）肛管肿瘤学肿瘤学的肿瘤，重生物肿瘤的，重生物的肿瘤播种乳头瘤腺癌囊腺瘤睾丸胃泌素瘤鳞状细胞癌类癌瘤子局灶性结节性增生器质性疾病后期癌症分化优秀结节nodal metastases therapeutic effect neoadjuvant chemotherapy radiofrequency ablation arterial chemoembolization infiltrating macroscopically carcinoembryonic antigen indication contraindication preoperative workup postoperative morbidity rate operative approach radical operationen blocinoperablepalliativediagnostic laparoscopy non-therapeutic laparotomy invasive techniques procedural complications pancreaticoduodenectomy 淋奉承转移疗效新协助化疗射频消蚀动脉化疗性栓塞浸润肉眼 [检查 ]的;目视的癌胚抗原适应症指征禁忌证术前全面评估术后并发症发生率手术入路根治术 ,根治性手术整个地 ,整块地不可以手术的 ,不可以做手术的姑息的诊疗性腹腔镜检查非治疗性剖腹探查术微创技术手术并发症胰十二指肠切除术Adrenalectomy肾上腺切除术thrombectomy血栓摘除术lymphadenectomy淋奉承切除术Lymph Node Dissection淋奉承打扫术lymph node harvest淋奉承打扫end to side anastomosis端侧符合术hepaticojejunostomy肝空肠符合术cholecystectomy胆囊切除术Caudate lobectomy尾状叶切除术radiopharmaceutical agent放射性药剂iodized oil碘化油absolute ethanol无水乙醇scintigraphy闪耀扫描术helical螺旋的 ,螺旋状 ,螺旋状的cross sectional imaging横断层面成像magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)磁共振成像endoscopy retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)内镜下逆行胆胰管造影magnetic resonancecholangiopancreatography(MRCP)磁共振胰胆管成像intraoperative ultrasonography术中超声检查法contrast enhanced computed tomography对照加强扫描 CTpositron emission tomography PET正电子发射断层扫描cholangiogram Recurrencefollow upconcomitant comorbiditiesbleeding extravasation hemobiliabiliary fistulapleural effusionlung edema splenomegaly hypersplenismhepatic encephalopathy ascitessubphrenic abscess endotoxaemia myocardial infarction pyrexialhypothermicBiliary Stricture 胆管造影复发随访伴发的 ,附随的并存病出血 ,流血外渗 ,溢出胆道出血胆瘘胸腔积液肺水肿脾肿大脾功能亢进肝性脑病腹水膈下脓肿内毒素血症心肌梗死发热的低体温的胆管狭小steatohepatitisfatty liveradipose tissueprimary sclerosing cholangitis anginasepsisperfusionex vivoin situright upper quadrant proximal partperineuralbifurcationipsilateralInstitutional Review Board Ethics Committees predispose toplatelethyperalimentationcirrhoticmorbiditymedications 脂肪性肝炎脂肪肝脂肪组织原发性硬化性胆管炎心绞痛败血症 ,脓毒症灌输离体 ,在活体外原位右上象限近心端神经四周的二根分叉部 ,分岔身体的同侧的 ,同侧的机构审察委员会伦理学委员会易患，使易感染、引发血小板高营养支持硬变的并发症，发病率用药dislodgegonadalHistologicfrozen sectionatrophyhypertrophy proliferation hyperplasiaStem cellsbone marrow derived epitheliumencasedreconstruction inflammatorybroad spectrum antibiotics blood cultureGram Negative bacillus cut surfacestentcatheterdirect cannulation spectrophotometer 移去 ,逐出 ,拿出性腺的 ,生殖腺的组织学的冰冻切片萎缩肥大 ,过分生长增生 ,增殖增生 ;数目性肥大干细胞骨髓衍生的上皮 ,上皮细胞包裹重修 ,再造 ,重构炎症性的广谱抗菌素血培育革兰阴性 [芽胞 ] 杆菌切面支架导管直接插管分光光度计rupturesomatostatinExtracellular MatrixcohortLength of Stayafter dischargestratifiedclear cutIn this regardcome at a cost progressivelyrationalehomogeneous heterogeneousputativeomnipotentas controlspreconditioned preconditioning prospectivelyprospective randomized date Disease-Specific survival 破碎 ,vt.(使)破碎生长抑素细胞外基质同期组群住院时间出院后分层的 ,成层的明确的在这方面是有代价的进行性地 ,渐进地原理 ,基础理论同类的同质的异类的 ,不一样的假设的全能的 ,无所不可以的作为比较预办理预办理前瞻性前瞻性随机数据疾病特异性生计率irreversible不行逆的references参照Cochrane循证医学cholangiopancreatography胰胆管造影术resolution分辨率（信心，决策解决）herein这样 ,基于，在此处iatrogenic医源性palliation和缓 ,减少running suture连续缝合orthotopic liver transplantation原位肝移植chemoradiation放化疗preneoplastic change癌前变化carcinogenesis致癌作用dysplasia发育不良 ,不典型增生endoprosthesis内镜置管术pruritus瘙痒pruritis瘙痒症Etiology (aetiology)病原学etiologic病原学的epidemiology流行病学epidemiological流行病学的pathophysiology病理生理学lesionRadionuclidenitrosaminepathogenesiscarcinoidMucinous Adenocarcinoma Clear cell adenocarcinoma Signet ring cell adenocarcinoma Adenosquamous Carcinoma Squamous Cell CarcinomaOat Cell Carcinoma Undifferentiated Carcinoma PapillomatosisPapillary Carcinoma hepatoblastoma Haemangioendothelioma neuroendocrine tumour Leiomyosarcomamalignant fibrous histiocytoma nodular tumorscachexiasterilize 病变放射性核素亚硝胺类发病体制类癌黏液腺癌透明细胞腺癌印戒细胞腺癌腺鳞状癌鳞状细胞癌燕麦细胞癌未分化癌乳头状瘤病乳头状癌肝母细胞瘤血管内皮瘤神经内分泌瘤光滑肌瘤子恶化纤维组织细胞瘤结节性肿瘤恶液质灭菌 ,消毒surgical radicality angiogeneticangiogenic antiangiogenic chemosensitization photosensitizerirradiation conformational radiotherapy brachytherapy stereotactic interventional radiology oxaliplatindoxorubicingemcitabine immunosuppressant Portographycontrast agentlipiodolIodophorcystic ductcholedochal duct choledochal cysts手术的根治性血管生成血管源性的，生成血管的抗血管生成的化疗增敏感光剂 ,光敏剂放射，照耀适形放射治疗短距离放射治疗立体定位的 ,立体定向的介入放射学奥沙利铂多柔比星吉西他滨免疫克制剂门静脉造影术对照剂 ,造影剂碘油碘伏胆囊管胆总管胆总管囊肿Choledocholithiasis hepatolithiasisoriental cholangiohepatitis Biliary malformationLiver flukeprotocoltherapeutic regimen Palliative TreatmentSigns and Symptoms plethoraDifferential Diagnosis Randomized Controlled Trials enterocinesiaLigationluminal obstruction screeningpredisposing factor enhanced susceptibility hyperbaric oxygen treatment asymptomaticindolentIntractable Pain 胆总管结石肝内胆管结石病东方人胆管肝炎胆管畸形肝吸虫治疗方案治疗方案姑息治疗体征和症状多血症 ,多血质鉴识诊疗随机比较试验肠动 ,肠蠕动结扎术官腔堵塞普检 ,筛查 ,挑选易感要素加强易感性高压氧治疗无症状的无痛的固执性痛苦visceralsteatosislatencyside effectsdecompensationanoxiaanoxicanoxemia.ischemiaIschemia-Reperfusion Injury ischemic changeanemiapyogenicpurulenthepatomegalyumbilical fissurecytokineneuropeptide neurotransmitterfluorescence in situ hybridization necrosisnecrocytosis 内脏的脂肪变性潜藏期副作用失代偿缺养症缺氧的缺氧血症 ;血缺氧局部缺血 ,缺血缺血再灌输损害缺血性改变贫血化脓的化脓性 ,脓性的肝肿大裂脐细胞因子神经肽神经递质荧光原位杂交坏死细胞坏死apoptosisapoptotic desmoplastic reaction oncogene Suppressor Genes geneticepigenetic change hypermethylation sequential occurrence stepwise mesenchymal morphologyatypiaPhenotype dehydrationparaffin impregnation embeddingserial section anesthesia anesthesiology anesthetist凋亡细胞凋亡的纤维成形性反响癌基因克制基因遗传的基因外改变超甲基化次序发生分步的 ,分段的 ,逐渐的间质形态非典型 ,异型性表型脱水白腊浸渍 ,受精 ,受孕包埋 ,埋植连续切片麻醉麻醉学麻醉师palpationorificeone orificeintubatepancreatic secretion centrifuge cannulationreactive oxygen species recanalizationCeliac Plexus arteriolarCollateral Circulation intimasubintimal mitochondria multifocalendemicamenablemore specifically mainstaykinklethal 触诊管口 ,口,小孔一个管口插管胰腋离心 ,,离心计管子活性氧再通，再穿通腹腔丛微动脉的 ,小动脉的侧支循环内膜内膜下的线粒体多病灶的地方性的合适的更详细地说主要依照扭折 ,纽结致命的peculiarity armamentarium demarcate paucity migration interim report nihilistic enigmatic occult autopsy detritus antegrade retrograde endogenous exogenous intracorporeal extracorporeal autocrine paracrine xenogenic cryptogenic insidiously 特征医疗设施 ,设施划界限 ,分开 ,差别资料困穷移位中期报告虚无主义的难理解的，神奇的隐藏的，潜隐的尸检腐屑 ,腐质 ,碎屑顺行的逆行的内源的 ,内生的外源的 ,外生的体内的体外的自分泌旁分泌异体的 ,异种的隐原性的 ,原由不明的隐袭地congenital hereditarypitfallBiliary anomalies cholecystolithiasis cholecystitis choledocholithiasis total bilirubin unconjugated bilirubin conjugated bilirubin bile plugsinusoidsinusoidal transjugular portosystemic shunt hepatic coma hyperammonaemia hypoalbuminemia neuropsychiatric confusion disorientation astrocyte 天生的 ,天生的遗传的 ,遗传性的缺点胆道畸形胆囊结石胆囊炎胆总管结石总胆红素游离胆红素联合胆红素胆栓血窦，窦状隙血窦的窦状隙的经颈静脉的门体分流术肝昏倒高氨血症低白蛋白血症神经精神性的意识错杂 ,意识模糊定向阻碍星形胶质细胞inflammatory mediator炎症介质neutrophil (neutrophilic granulocyte)嗜中性粒细胞macrophagephagocyte phagocytosismitogen reticuloendothelial system Synthasedysregulation chromosomenuclear atypia nucleotidemitochondria mitochondrial microsomemicrosomaldetoxifydetoxification carcinogenmutagencarbohydrate antigen glycoprotein 巨噬细胞吞噬细胞吞噬作用促细胞分裂原 ,有丝分裂原网状内皮系统合酶调理异样 ,失调染色体核异型核苷酸线粒体线粒体的微粒体微粒体的去毒 , 解毒，戒烟毒解毒 (作用 ),脱毒 ,戒毒治疗致癌物诱变剂 ,致突变原糖类抗原标记物 ,糖链抗原糖蛋白extirpationmalignant transformation forceps biopsytranspapillarystenosisstenoticpatency ratevasculaturediffuse intravascular coagulation coagulant and fibrinolytic systems circulatory disturbance Vascular Permeability vasodilatationvasopressorvasopressinendothelinprostaglandinSaphenous Veinsreninangiotensinaldosteroneoestrogen (estrin)摘除恶变 ,恶性转变钳夹活检 ,钳夹活检术经十二指肠乳头狭小狭小的畅达率脉管系统弥散性血管内凝血(DIC)凝血和纤溶系统循环杂乱血管通透性血管扩充血管升压类药物加压素内皮缩血管肽前列腺素隐静脉肾素血管紧张素醛固酮雌激素progestogen (progestin)孕激素androgen (androtin)雄激素testosterone睾酮acute tubular necrosis急性肾小管坏死oedema水肿oliguria少尿症diuretic(a)利尿剂haemofiltration血液滤过dialyse透析dialysate(Dialysis Solutions)透析液acute respiratory distress syndrome 急性呼吸窘况综合征(ARDS)diaphragmdyspneapulmonary oedema ventilatory dysfunction Total Parenteral Nutrition enteral nutrition malabsorption venoplastyhematomaperforation paracentesis横隔呼吸困难肺水肿通气功能阻碍全胃肠外营养肠道营养汲取不良血管成形术血肿穿孔穿刺 ,穿刺术granulomatous inflammation Bacterial Translocationthe administration of antibiotics prophylactic antibiotics synbiotic therapyfree radicallactatemalaiseepisodeidiopathictracerrelaparotomymild to moderate multifactorialiohexolprocainelidocaineanalgesiadehiscencecryopreserveddiscriminant analysis cadaveric 肉芽肿性炎症细菌移位抗生素的应用预防性抗生素合生元治疗自由基乳酸盐不适感 ,浑身乏力发生特发性的 ,自觉性的示踪剂再手术轻度到中度多因子的 ,多要素的碘海醇普鲁卡因利多卡因镇痛裂开冷藏保留的鉴识剖析尸体的subjectsobliterationmilieupotentschematic diagram misidentificationalgorithmstrong echoacoustic shadowhyperecho(ic)isoecho(ic)hypoecho(ic)anecho(ic)aseptic techniqueasepsisantisepsisemergency operationconfine operationselective operationevidence-based medicine polymerase chain reaction (PCR)受试者涂去 ,抹消 ,删除环境 ,境地有力的 ,有效的表示图 ,原理图错误认可 ,错认公式 ,算法 ,推导强回声声影高回声（的）等回声（的）低回声（的）无回声（的）无菌术灭菌消毒急诊手术限时手术择期手术循证医学聚合酶链反响inquiry问诊chief complaints主诉history collection病史收集history of present illness现病史past history既往史personal history个人史marital history婚姻史menstrual history月经史child bearing history生育史family history家族史physical examination体格检查inspection视诊palpation触诊percussion叩诊auscultation听诊abdominal pain腹痛abdominal distension腹胀diarrhea腹泻constipation便秘nausea恶心vomit呕吐stool大便urine小便aspiration误吸asphyxia (apnea)窒息atelectasis肺不张arrhythmia心律失态cardiac arrest心脏骤停ventricular fibrillation心室纤颤hyperthermia高热hypothermia低温Natrium(sodium)钠Kalium(potassium)钾Chlorine氯Calcium钙Magnesium镁Phosphorus磷ion离子homoeostasis体内均衡derangement杂乱isotonic dehydration等渗性缺水hypotonic dehydration低渗性缺水hypertonic dehydration高渗性缺水water intoxication水中毒hyponatremia hypernatremia hypochloremia hyperchloremia hypokalemiahyperkalemia hypocalcemia hypercalcemia hypomagnesemia hypermagnesemia hypophosphatemia hyperphosphatemia metabolic acidosis metabolic alkalosis respiratory acidosis respiratory alkalosis hematocrit (Hct) autologous blood transfusion salvaged autotransfusion predeposited autotransfusion hemodiluted autotransfusion cryoprecipitate低钠血症高钠血症低氯血症高氯血症低钾血症高钾血症低钙血症高钙血症低镁血症高镁血症低磷血症高磷血症代谢性酸中毒代谢性碱中毒呼吸性酸中毒呼吸性碱中毒血细胞比容自体输血回收式自体输血预存式自体输血稀释式自体输血冷积淀furunclefurunculosiscarbuncleacute lymphangitis erysipelasabscessdermoid cancer melanoticmelanomalipomaneurinoma neurofibromacapillary hemangioma angiocavernoma racemosum hemangioma sebum cysttetanusgangrene superinfection septicemia debridementsimple goiter疖疖病痈急性淋巴管炎丹毒脓肿皮肤癌黑痣黑色素瘤脂肪瘤神经鞘瘤神经纤维瘤毛细血管瘤海绵状血管瘤蔓状血管瘤皮脂腺囊肿破伤风坏疽二重感染败血症清创术纯真性甲状腺肿hyperthyroidism hypothyroidismmastitismastopathy mastectomyteratomainguinal herniafemoral hernia incisional herniaumbilial herniahernia of linea alba interloop abscess helicobacter pylory(HP) pyloric obstruction vagotomylymphomaduodenal diverticulum intussusceptionpolypsulcerative colitisrectal prolapse anorectal abscess 甲亢甲减乳腺炎乳腺病，乳腺增生症乳房切除术畸胎瘤腹股沟疝股疝切口疝脐疝白线疝肠间脓肿幽门螺杆菌幽门堵塞迷走神经切断术淋巴瘤十二指肠憩室肠套叠息肉溃疡性结肠炎直肠脱垂直肠肛管四周脓肿anal fistulaanal fissure haemorrhoidsinternal haemorrhoids external haemorrhoids mixed haemorrhoids annulus haemorrhoids proctocolectomymajor operation omentum pancreaticobiliaryBile canaliculus mediastinumquadrate lobeorganicinterferonglomerular filtration rate Fulminant Liver Failure Nephrotic Syndrome enteropathy Esophageal cancer gastroesophageal varices 肛瘘肛裂痔内痔外痔混淆痔环形痔直肠与结肠切除术大手术网膜胰胆管的胆怯管纵隔方叶有机的 ,器官的扰乱素肾小球滤过率暴发性肝衰竭肾病综合征肠病 ,肠病变食管癌胃食管静脉曲张Supine Position informed consent sequelae demarcate postprandialto date regarding serologic Serology hepaplastin test ureahemeanionic 仰卧位知情赞同后遗症 ,转归划界限 ,分开 ,差别食后的迄今为止对于血清学的血清学肝促凝血活酶试验尿素血红素阴离子的。
最新肝胆外科文献常用英语单词
文献生词malignancy 恶性,恶性肿瘤hepatectomy 肝切除术bilirubin 胆红素bilirubinemia 胆红素血症Hyperbilirubinemia 高胆红素血症Indocyanine green 吲哚花青绿indocyanine green retention 靛青绿滞留量试验hepatic insufficiency 肝功能不全,肝功能衰退jaundice 黄疸retrospective review 回顾性调查intraoperative 手术中的,术中parameters 参数Logistic Regression Logistic回归prognosis 预后prognostic 预后的hilar 门的,脐的cholangiocarcinoma 胆管上皮癌intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma 肝内胆管癌anatomic 解剖的,解剖学的hepatic hilus 肝门perioperative 围手术期的indication 适应证,指征curative 治愈的resection 切除术likelihood 可能性liver function 肝功能metastasis 转移hepatocellular carcinoma 肝细胞癌unexpected 意外的,忽然的cholestasis 胆汁淤积biliary drainage 胆汁引流extended hemihepatectomy 扩大半肝切除术Trisegmentectomy 三段切除Chronic viral hepatitis 慢性病毒性肝炎cirrhosis 肝硬化serum 免疫血清,血清on admission 入院时,住医院时percutaneous 经皮的transhepatic 经肝的endoscopic biliary drainage 内镜胆管引流,内镜胆管引流术, endoscopic 内窥镜的;内窥镜检查的drainage tube 引流管,排液管portal vein 门(静)脉embolization 栓塞,栓塞术,栓子形成peritoneal 腹膜的dissemination 播散,散布laparotomy 剖腹手术distant metastasis 远端转移Surgical Procedures 外科手术anastomosis 吻合术enteric 肠的in terms of 以…的观点;以…的方式hemorrhage 出血hemorrhagic 出血性的hemolysis 溶血hemolytic 溶血的hematology 血液学hematological 血液的hemodynamics 血流动力学coagulation status 高凝状态prothrombin time 凝血酶原时间activated partial thromboplastin time 激活部分促凝血酶原激酶时间antithrombin 抗凝血酶thrombolytic 溶血栓药,血栓溶解剂duration 持续时间;期间nonlinear least squares method 非线性最小平方法natural logarithm 自然对数categorize 分类galactose tolerance test 半乳糖耐量试验half life 半衰期computed tomography scan 计算机体层摄影扫描,CT扫描contrast medium 对比剂,造影剂bolus 推注integrated software 集成软件variables 变量continuous variable 连续变量categorical variable 分类变量univariate 单变量multivariate 多变量univariate analysis 单变量分析multivariate analysis 多元分析,多元统计分析stepwise procedure 逐步过程chi square test χ2检验,卡方检验,cutoff value 截断值Odds Ratio 比值比Mann Whitney test 曼-怀二氏检验tailed 有…尾的receiver operating characteristic curve 接受者（机）操作特征曲线morbidity and mortality 并发症和死亡率decompression 减压in regard to 关于,至于living related liver transplantation 活体亲属供肝肝移植术parenchyma 实质liver parenchyma 肝实质excretory 排泄的,分泌的parenchymal 质的,主质的shrinkage 皱缩,皱缩度biotransformation 生物转化adenosine triphosphate 三磷腺苷ammonia 氨Aspartate Aminotransferase 天冬氨酸氨基转移酶Alanine Aminotransferase 丙氨酸氨基转移酶Lactate Dehydrogenase 乳酸脱氢酶alkaline phosphatase 碱性磷酸酶glutamyl 谷氨酰基Inferior Vena Cava 下腔静脉abdominal aorta 腹主动脉Paraaortic 主动脉旁的celiac axis 腹腔干common hepatic artery 肝总动脉proper hepatic artery 肝固有动脉superior mesenteric Artery 肠系膜上动脉Hepatic artery thrombosis 肝动脉血栓形成pseudoaneurysm 假性动脉瘤portacaval shunt 门(静脉与)腔静脉分流术arterialization 动脉化angiography 血管造影术occlusion 闭塞梗塞occluded 闭塞的collateral 侧的,侧支,副的confluence 合流,汇流autologous vein graft 自体静脉移植物porta hepatis 肝门Portal lymph node 肝门淋巴结second order biliary radicles 二级胆管根lobar atrophy 肝叶萎缩caudate lobe 尾状叶falciform ligament 肝镰状韧带periampullary 壶腹周围的Retroduodenal 十二指肠后的jejunum (jejunal) 空肠（的）ileum (ileal) 回肠（的）colon(colonic) 结肠（的）rectum (rectal) 直肠（的）anal canal 肛管oncology 肿瘤学oncological 肿瘤学的neoplasm 肿瘤，新生物neoplastic 肿瘤的，新生物的neoplastic seeding 肿瘤播种papillary tumor 乳头瘤adenocarcinoma 腺癌cystadenoma 囊腺瘤testis 睾丸gastrinoma 胃泌素瘤squamous cell carcinoma 鳞状细胞癌carcinoid tumors 类癌sarcoma 肉瘤focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) 局灶性结节性增生parenchymal disease 器质性疾病advanced cancer 晚期癌症well differentiated 分化良好nodule 结节nodal metastases 淋巴结转移therapeutic effect 疗效neoadjuvant chemotherapy 新辅助化疗radiofrequency ablation 射频消蚀arterial chemoembolization 动脉化疗性栓塞infiltrating 浸润macroscopically 肉眼[检查]的;目视的carcinoembryonic antigen 癌胚抗原indication 适应症指征contraindication 禁忌证preoperative workup 术前全面评估postoperative morbidity rate 术后并发症发生率operative approach 手术入路radical operation 根治术,根治性手术en bloc 整个地,整块地inoperable 不能手术的,不能做手术的palliative 姑息的diagnostic laparoscopy 诊断性腹腔镜检查non-therapeutic laparotomy 非治疗性剖腹探查术invasive techniques 微创技术procedural complications 手术并发症pancreaticoduodenectomy 胰十二指肠切除术Adrenalectomy 肾上腺切除术thrombectomy 血栓摘除术lymphadenectomy 淋巴结切除术Lymph Node Dissection 淋巴结清扫术lymph node harvest 淋巴结清扫end to side anastomosis 端侧吻合术hepaticojejunostomy 肝空肠吻合术cholecystectomy 胆囊切除术Caudate lobectomy 尾状叶切除术radiopharmaceutical agent 放射性药剂iodized oil 碘化油absolute ethanol 无水乙醇scintigraphy 闪烁扫描术helical 螺旋的,螺旋状,螺旋状的cross sectional imaging 横断层面成像magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 磁共振成像endoscopy retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)内镜下逆行胆胰管造影magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)磁共振胰胆管成像intraoperative ultrasonography 术中超声检查法contrast enhanced computed tomography对比增强扫描CT positron emission tomography PET正电子发射断层扫描cholangiogram 胆管造影Recurrence 复发follow up 随访concomitant 伴发的,附随的comorbidities 并存病bleeding 出血,流血extravasation 外渗,溢出hemobilia 胆道出血biliary fistula 胆瘘pleural effusion 胸腔积液lung edema 肺水肿splenomegaly 脾肿大hypersplenism 脾功能亢进hepatic encephalopathy 肝性脑病ascites 腹水subphrenic abscess 膈下脓肿endotoxaemia 内毒素血症myocardial infarction 心肌梗死pyrexial 发热的hypothermic 低体温的Biliary Stricture 胆管狭窄steatohepatitis 脂肪性肝炎fatty liver 脂肪肝adipose tissue 脂肪组织primary sclerosing cholangitis 原发性硬化性胆管炎angina 心绞痛sepsis 败血症,脓毒症perfusion 灌注ex vivo 离体,在活体外in situ 原位right upper quadrant 右上象限proximal part 近心端perineural 神经周围的bifurcation 二根分叉部,分岔ipsilateral 身体的同侧的,同侧的Institutional Review Board 机构审查委员会Ethics Committees 伦理学委员会predispose to 易患，使易感染、诱发platelet 血小板hyperalimentation 高营养支持cirrhotic 硬变的morbidity 并发症，发病率medications 用药dislodge 移去,逐出,取出gonadal 性腺的,生殖腺的Histologic 组织学的frozen section 冰冻切片atrophy 萎缩hypertrophy 肥大,过度生长proliferation 增生,增殖hyperplasia 增生;数量性肥大Stem cells 干细胞bone marrow derived 骨髓衍生的epithelium 上皮,上皮细胞encased 包裹reconstruction 重建,再造,重构inflammatory 炎症性的broad spectrum antibiotics 广谱抗菌素blood culture 血培养Gram Negative bacillus 革兰阴性[芽胞]杆菌cut surface 切面stent 支架catheter 导管direct cannulation 直接插管spectrophotometer 分光光度计rupture 破裂,vt.(使)破裂somatostatin 生长抑素Extracellular Matrix 细胞外基质cohort 同期组群Length of Stay 住院时间after discharge 出院后stratified 分层的,成层的clear cut 明确的In this regard 在这方面come at a cost 是有代价的progressively 进行性地,渐进地rationale 原理,基础理论homogeneous 同类的同质的heterogeneous 异类的,不同的putative 假定的omnipotent 全能的,无所不能的as controls 作为对照preconditioned 预处理preconditioning 预处理prospectively 前瞻性prospective randomized date 前瞻性随机数据Disease-Specific survival 疾病特异性生存率irreversible 不可逆的references 参考Cochrane 循证医学cholangiopancreatography 胰胆管造影术resolution 分辨率（决心，决议解决）herein 如此,鉴于，在此处iatrogenic 医源性palliation 缓和,减轻running suture 连续缝合orthotopic liver transplantation 原位肝移植chemoradiation 放化疗preneoplastic change 癌前变化carcinogenesis 致癌作用dysplasia 发育不良,不典型增生endoprosthesis 内镜置管术pruritus 瘙痒pruritis 瘙痒症Etiology (aetiology) 病原学etiologic 病原学的epidemiology 流行病学epidemiological 流行病学的pathophysiology 病理生理学lesion 病变Radionuclide 放射性核素nitrosamine 亚硝胺类pathogenesis 发病机制carcinoid 类癌Mucinous Adenocarcinoma 粘液腺癌Clear cell adenocarcinoma 透明细胞腺癌Signet ring cell adenocarcinoma 印戒细胞腺癌Adenosquamous Carcinoma 腺鳞状癌Squamous Cell Carcinoma 鳞状细胞癌Oat Cell Carcinoma 燕麦细胞癌Undifferentiated Carcinoma 未分化癌Papillomatosis 乳头状瘤病Papillary Carcinoma 乳头状癌hepatoblastoma 肝母细胞瘤Haemangioendothelioma 血管内皮瘤neuroendocrine tumour 神经内分泌瘤Leiomyosarcoma 平滑肌肉瘤malignant fibrous histiocytoma 恶化纤维组织细胞瘤nodular tumors 结节性肿瘤cachexia 恶液质sterilize 灭菌,消毒surgical radicality 手术的根治性angiogenetic 血管生成angiogenic 血管源性的，生成血管的antiangiogenic 抗血管生成的chemosensitization 化疗增敏photosensitizer 感光剂,光敏剂irradiation 放射，照射conformational radiotherapy 适形放射治疗brachytherapy 短距离放射治疗stereotactic 立体定位的,立体定向的interventional radiology 介入放射学oxaliplatin 奥沙利铂doxorubicin 多柔比星gemcitabine 吉西他滨immunosuppressant 免疫抑制剂Portography 门静脉造影术contrast agent 对比剂,造影剂lipiodol 碘油Iodophor 碘伏cystic duct 胆囊管choledochal duct 胆总管choledochal cysts 胆总管囊肿Choledocholithiasis 胆总管结石hepatolithiasis 肝内胆管结石病oriental cholangiohepatitis 东方人胆管肝炎Biliary malformation 胆管畸形Liver fluke 肝吸虫protocol 治疗方案therapeutic regimen 治疗方案Palliative Treatment 姑息治疗Signs and Symptoms 体征和症状plethora 多血症,多血质Differential Diagnosis 鉴别诊断Randomized Controlled Trials 随机对照试验enterocinesia 肠动,肠蠕动Ligation 结扎术luminal obstruction 官腔阻塞screening 普检,筛查,筛选predisposing factor 易感因素enhanced susceptibility 增强易感性hyperbaric oxygen treatment 高压氧治疗asymptomatic 无症状的indolent 无痛的Intractable Pain 顽固性疼痛visceral 内脏的steatosis 脂肪变性latency 潜伏期side effects 副作用decompensation 失代偿anoxia 缺养症anoxic 缺氧的anoxemia. 缺氧血症;血缺氧ischemia 局部缺血,缺血Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury 缺血再灌注损伤ischemic change 缺血性改变anemia 贫血pyogenic 化脓的purulent 化脓性,脓性的hepatomegaly 肝肿大umbilical fissure 裂脐cytokine 细胞因子neuropeptide 神经肽neurotransmitter 神经递质fluorescence in situ hybridization 荧光原位杂交necrosis 坏死necrocytosis 细胞坏死apoptosis 凋亡apoptotic 细胞凋亡的desmoplastic reaction 纤维成形性反应oncogene 癌基因Suppressor Genes 抑制基因genetic 遗传的epigenetic change 基因外改变hypermethylation 超甲基化sequential occurrence 顺序发生stepwise 分步的,分段的,逐步的mesenchymal 间质morphology 形态atypia 非典型,异型性Phenotype 表型dehydration 脱水paraffin 石蜡impregnation 浸渍,受精,受孕embedding 包埋,埋植serial section 连续切片anesthesia 麻醉anesthesiology 麻醉学anesthetist 麻醉师palpation 触诊orifice 管口,口,小孔one orifice 一个管口intubate 插管pancreatic secretion 胰腋centrifuge 离心,,离心机cannulation 管子reactive oxygen species 活性氧recanalization 再通，再穿通Celiac Plexus 腹腔丛arteriolar 微动脉的,小动脉的Collateral Circulation 侧支循环intima 内膜subintimal 内膜下的mitochondria 线粒体multifocal 多病灶的endemic 地方性的amenable 适合的more specifically 更具体地说mainstay 主要依据kink 扭折,纽结lethal 致命的peculiarity 特性armamentarium 医疗设备,设备demarcate 划界线,分开,区别paucity 资料贫乏migration 移位interim report 中期报告nihilistic 虚无主义的enigmatic 难理解的，神秘的occult 隐匿的，潜隐的autopsy 尸检detritus 腐屑,腐质,碎屑antegrade 顺行的retrograde逆行的endogenous 内源的,内生的exogenous 外源的,外生的intracorporeal 体内的extracorporeal 体外的autocrine 自分泌paracrine 旁分泌xenogenic 异体的,异种的cryptogenic 隐原性的,原因不明的insidiously 隐袭地congenital 先天的,天生的hereditary 遗传的,遗传性的pitfall 缺陷Biliary anomalies 胆道畸形cholecystolithiasis胆囊结石cholecystitis 胆囊炎choledocholithiasis 胆总管结石total bilirubin总胆红素unconjugated bilirubin 游离胆红素conjugated bilirubin 结合胆红素bile plug 胆栓sinusoid 血窦，窦状隙sinusoidal 血窦的窦状隙的transjugular 经颈静脉的portosystemic shunt 门体分流术hepatic coma 肝昏迷hyperammonaemia 高氨血症hypoalbuminemia 低白蛋白血症neuropsychiatric 神经精神性的confusion 意识错乱,意识模糊disorientation 定向障碍astrocyte 星形胶质细胞inflammatory mediator 炎症介质neutrophil (neutrophilic granulocyte) 嗜中性粒细胞macrophage 巨噬细胞phagocyte 吞噬细胞phagocytosis 吞噬作用mitogen 促细胞分裂原,有丝分裂原reticuloendothelial system 网状内皮系统Synthase 合酶dysregulation 调节异常,失调chromosome 染色体nuclear atypia 核异型nucleotide 核苷酸mitochondria 线粒体mitochondrial 线粒体的microsome 微粒体microsomal 微粒体的detoxify 去毒, 解毒，戒烟毒detoxification 解毒(作用),脱毒,戒毒治疗carcinogen 致癌物mutagen 诱变剂,致突变原carbohydrate antigen 糖类抗原标志物,糖链抗原glycoprotein 糖蛋白extirpation 摘除malignant transformation 恶变,恶性转化forceps biopsy 钳夹活检,钳夹活检术transpapillary 经十二指肠乳头stenosis 狭窄stenotic 狭窄的patency rate 通畅率vasculature 脉管系统diffuse intravascular coagulation 弥散性血管内凝血(DIC) coagulant and fibrinolytic systems 凝血和纤溶系统circulatory disturbance 循环紊乱Vascular Permeability 血管通透性vasodilatation 血管扩张vasopressor 血管升压类药物vasopressin 加压素endothelin 内皮缩血管肽prostaglandin 前列腺素Saphenous Veins 隐静脉renin 肾素angiotensin 血管紧张素aldosterone 醛固酮oestrogen (estrin) 雌激素progestogen (progestin) 孕激素androgen (androtin) 雄激素testosterone 睾酮acute tubular necrosis 急性肾小管坏死oedema 水肿oliguria 少尿症diuretic(a) 利尿剂haemofiltration 血液滤过dialyse 透析dialysate (Dialysis Solutions) 透析液acute respiratory distress syndrome 急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS) diaphragm 横隔dyspnea 呼吸困难pulmonary oedema 肺水肿ventilatory dysfunction 通气功能障碍Total Parenteral Nutrition 全胃肠外营养enteral nutrition 肠道营养malabsorption 吸收不良venoplasty 血管成形术hematoma 血肿perforation 穿孔paracentesis 穿刺,穿刺术granulomatous inflammation 肉芽肿性炎症Bacterial Translocation 细菌移位the administration of antibiotics 抗生素的应用prophylactic antibiotics 预防性抗生素synbiotic therapy 合生元治疗free radical 自由基lactate 乳酸盐malaise 不适感,全身乏力episode 发作idiopathic 特发性的,自发性的tracer 示踪剂relaparotomy 再手术mild to moderate 轻度到中度multifactorial 多因子的,多因素的iohexol 碘海醇procaine 普鲁卡因lidocaine 利多卡因analgesia 镇痛dehiscence 裂开cryopreserved 冷藏保存的discriminant analysis 判别分析cadaveric 尸体的subjects 受试者obliteration 涂去,抹消,删除milieu 环境,境界potent 有力的,有效的schematic diagram 示意图,原理图misidentification 错误认同,错认algorithm 公式,算法,推导strong echo 强回声acoustic shadow 声影hyperecho(ic) 高回声（的）isoecho(ic) 等回声（的）hypoecho(ic) 低回声（的）anecho(ic) 无回声（的）aseptic technique 无菌术asepsis 灭菌antisepsis 消毒emergency operation 急诊手术confine operation 限期手术selective operation 择期手术evidence-based medicine 循证医学polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 聚合酶链反应inquiry 问诊chief complaints 主诉history collection 病史采集history of present illness 现病史past history 既往史personal history 个人史marital history 婚姻史menstrual history 月经史child bearing history 生育史family history 家族史physical examination 体格检查inspection 视诊palpation 触诊percussion 叩诊auscultation 听诊abdominal pain 腹痛abdominal distension 腹胀diarrhea 腹泻constipation 便秘nausea 恶心vomit 呕吐stool 大便urine 小便aspiration 误吸asphyxia (apnea) 窒息atelectasis 肺不张arrhythmia 心律失常cardiac arrest 心脏骤停ventricular fibrillation 心室纤颤hyperthermia 高热hypothermia 低温Natrium (sodium) 钠Kalium (potassium) 钾Chlorine 氯Calcium 钙Magnesium 镁Phosphorus 磷ion 离子homoeostasis 体内平衡derangement 紊乱isotonic dehydration 等渗性缺水hypotonic dehydration 低渗性缺水hypertonic dehydration 高渗性缺水water intoxication 水中毒hyponatremia 低钠血症hypernatremia 高钠血症hypochloremia 低氯血症hyperchloremia 高氯血症hypokalemia 低钾血症hyperkalemia 高钾血症hypocalcemia 低钙血症hypercalcemia 高钙血症hypomagnesemia 低镁血症hypermagnesemia 高镁血症hypophosphatemia 低磷血症hyperphosphatemia 高磷血症metabolic acidosis 代谢性酸中毒metabolic alkalosis 代谢性碱中毒respiratory acidosis 呼吸性酸中毒respiratory alkalosis 呼吸性碱中毒hematocrit (Hct) 血细胞比容autologous blood transfusion 自体输血salvaged autotransfusion 回收式自体输血predeposited autotransfusion 预存式自体输血hemodiluted autotransfusion 稀释式自体输血cryoprecipitate 冷沉淀furuncle 疖furunculosis 疖病carbuncle 痈acute lymphangitis 急性淋巴管炎erysipelas 丹毒abscess 脓肿dermoid cancer 皮肤癌melanotic 黑痣melanoma 黑色素瘤lipoma 脂肪瘤neurinoma 神经鞘瘤neurofibroma 神经纤维瘤capillary hemangioma 毛细血管瘤angiocavernoma 海绵状血管瘤racemosum hemangioma 蔓状血管瘤sebum cyst 皮脂腺囊肿tetanus 破伤风gangrene 坏疽superinfection 二重感染septicemia 败血症debridement 清创术simple goiter 单纯性甲状腺肿hyperthyroidism 甲亢hypothyroidism 甲减mastitis 乳腺炎mastopathy 乳腺病，乳腺增生症mastectomy 乳房切除术teratoma 畸胎瘤inguinal hernia 腹股沟疝femoral hernia 股疝incisional hernia 切口疝umbilial hernia 脐疝hernia of linea alba 白线疝interloop abscess 肠间脓肿helicobacter pylory (HP) 幽门螺杆菌pyloric obstruction 幽门梗阻vagotomy 迷走神经切断术lymphoma 淋巴瘤duodenal diverticulum 十二指肠憩室intussusception 肠套叠polyps 息肉ulcerative colitis 溃疡性结肠炎rectal prolapse 直肠脱垂anorectal abscess 直肠肛管周围脓肿anal fistula 肛瘘anal fissure 肛裂haemorrhoids 痔internal haemorrhoids 内痔external haemorrhoids 外痔mixed haemorrhoids 混合痔annulus haemorrhoids 环形痔proctocolectomy 直肠与结肠切除术major operation 大手术omentum 网膜pancreaticobiliary 胰胆管的Bile canaliculus 胆小管mediastinum 纵隔quadrate lobe 方叶organic 有机的,器官的interferon 干扰素glomerular filtration rate 肾小球滤过率Fulminant Liver Failure 暴发性肝衰竭Nephrotic Syndrome 肾病综合征enteropathy 肠病,肠病变Esophageal cancer 食管癌gastroesophageal varices 胃食管静脉曲张Supine Position 仰卧位informed consent 知情同意sequelae 后遗症,转归demarcate 划界线,分开,区别postprandial 食后的to date 迄今为止regarding 关于serologic 血清学的Serology 血清学hepaplastin test 肝促凝血活酶试验urea 尿素heme 血红素anionic 阴离子的。
（完整版）肝病常用英文
（完整版）肝病常用英文【原创】一起学习肝病专业英语词汇肝硬化并发症：The complications of liver cirrhosis核苷类似物：Nucleoside analoguesNucleoside analogs乙肝肝硬化：Hepatitis B cirrhosis肾功能：renal function肾小球滤过率(GFR，glomerular filtration rate)指南：guide 亚肝会指南APASL guide慢加急性肝衰竭：Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure长期：over a long period of time;long-term Hemochromatosis：血色沉着病Phlebotomy：放血, 静脉切开放血术Copper Chelator：铜螯合剂Penicillamine：青霉胺Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency alpha-1：抗胰蛋白酶缺陷症Ribavirin：三(氮)唑核苷,病毒唑(抗病毒药) Deferoxamine：去铁胺Pruritus：搔痒症Osteoprosis：骨质疏松症Scleroderma：硬皮病gallbladder distention 胆胀hypochondriac pain[disease] 胁痛[病]hepatic insufficiency肝衰竭hepatic lobule肝小叶hepatic tumor 肝瘤hepaptosis 肝下垂heparinization 肝素化heparinocyte 肝素细胞hepatalgia 肝痛hepatargia 肝衰竭hepatatrophia 肝萎缩hepatectomy 肝切除术hepatic amebiasis 肝阿米巴病hepatic bile 肝胆汁hepatic cell 肝细胞hepatic cirrhosis 肝硬变hepatic coma 肝性昏迷hepatic cords 肝细胞索hepatic echography 肝回波描记术hepatic failure 肝衰竭hepatic fetor 肝病性口臭hepatic insufficiency 肝衰竭hepatic lobule 肝小叶hepatic tumor 肝瘤hepatico duodenostomy 肝十二指肠吻合术hepatico enterostomy 肝小肠吻合术hepatico gastrostomy 肝管胃吻合术hepatico jejunostomy 肝管空肠吻合术hepaticotomy 肝管切开术hepatitis virus 肝炎病毒hepatization 肝样变hepatoblastoma 肝胚细胞瘤hepatocarcinoma 肝癌hepatocele 肝突出hepatocellular carcinoma 肝细胞癌hepatocellular jaundice 肝细胞性黄疸hepatocerebral syndrome 肝脑综合征hepatocholangioduodenostomy 肝管十二指肠吻合术hepatocholangioenterostomy 肝管肠吻合术hepatocholangiogastrostomy 肝管胃吻合术hepatocholangiostomy 胆管造口术hepatocirrhosis 肝硬变hepatocyte 肝细胞hepatodynia 肝痛hepatogenous diabetes 肝原性糖尿病hepatogram 肝搏动图hepatography 肝x 线照相术hepatolenticular degeneration 肝豆状核变性hepatolith 肝石hepatolithectomy 肝石切除术hepatolithiasis 肝石病hepatology 肝脏病学hepatoma 肝细胞瘤hepatomegalia 肝大hepatomegaly 肝大hepatomelanosis 肝黑变病hepatomphalocele 脐部肝突出hepatomphalos 脐部肝突出hepatonephritis 肝肾炎hepatopexy 肝固定术hepatorenal syndrome 肝肾综合征hepatorrhagia 肝出血hepatorrhaphy 肝缝术hepatorrhea 肝液溢hepatorrhexis 肝破裂hepatoscintigram 肝闪烁图hepatoscopy 肝检查hepatosis 肝机能障碍hepatosplenography 肝脾x 线照相术hepatosplenomegaly 肝脾大hepatotherapy 肝剂疗法hepatotomy 肝切开术hepatotoxemia 肝性毒血病hepatotoxicity 肝毒性BILIRUBIN -Chemical breakdown product of hemoglobin. Measured in blood specimen by laboratory to assess function of liver.胆红素——血色素化学损坏的产物。
翻译--西医外科术语英文翻译
西医外科术语英文翻译以下是常见的西医外科术语英文翻译：1. 疝气：Hernia2. 阑尾炎：Appendicitis3. 肠梗阻：Intestinal Obstruction4. 痔疮：Hemorrhoids5. 肛瘘：Anal Fistula6. 骨折：Fracture7. 关节脱位：Joint Dislocation8. 肌肉拉伤：Muscle Strain9. 肌腱炎：Tendonitis10. 脓肿：Abscess11. 烧伤：Burns12. 创伤：Trauma13. 肿瘤：Tumor14. 甲状腺手术：Thyroidectomy15. 乳腺癌手术：Breast Surgery16. 肺癌手术：Lung Surgery17. 胃癌手术：Gastric Surgery18. 结直肠癌手术：Colorectal Cancer Surgery19. 肝癌手术：Liver Surgery20. 胆囊切除术：Cholecystectomy21. 阑尾切除术：Appendectomy22. 疝气修补术：Hernia Repair23. 关节置换术：Joint Replacement Surgery24. 截肢手术：Amputation Surgery25. 骨折固定术：Fracture Fixation26. 清创术：Debridement27. 乳房切除术：Mastectomy28. 前列腺切除术：Prostatectomy29. 颅脑手术：Craniotomy30. 脊柱手术：Spinal Surgery31. 胸腔手术：Thoracic Surgery32. 腹腔镜手术：Laparoscopic Surgery33. 尿道手术：Urethral Surgery34. 显微外科手术：Microsurgical Procedure35. 手部手术：Hand Surgery36. 小儿外科手术：Pediatric Surgery37. 心胸外科手术：Cardiothoracic Surgery38. 整形外科手术：Plastic Surgery Procedure39. 耳鼻喉外科手术：Otolaryngological Surgery Procedure40. 骨外科手术：Orthopedic Surgical Procedure41. 泌尿外科手术：Urological Surgical Procedure42. 神经外科手术：Neurosurgical Procedure43. 五官科手术：Ophthalmological, Otorhinolaryngological, and Dental Surgical Procedure44. 四肢外科手术：Upper and Lower Limb Surgical Procedure45. 血管外科手术：Vascular Surgical Procedure46. 小儿外科疾病：Pediatric Surgical Conditions and Procedures47. 手部外科疾病：Hand Surgical Conditions and Procedures48. 心胸外科疾病：Cardiothoracic Surgical Conditions and Procedures49. 整形外科疾病：Plastic Surgical Conditions and Procedures50. 五官科疾病及外伤（眼科、耳鼻喉科、口腔科）：Ophthalmological, Otorhinolaryngological, and Dental Conditions and Trauma。
精选医学专业英语词汇大全
精选医学专业英语词汇大全1. Anatomy (解剖学)- Abdomen: 腹部- Brain: 大脑- Heart: 心脏- Kidney: 肾脏- Liver: 肝脏- Lungs: 肺- Stomach: 胃- Spine: 脊柱2. Physiology (生理学)- Blood pressure: 血压- Digestion: 消化- Respiration: 呼吸- Circulation: 循环- Metabolism: 新陈代谢- Hormones: 激素- Nervous system: 神经系统- Immune system: 免疫系统3. Diseases and Conditions (疾病与病况) - Diabetes: 糖尿病- Cancer: 癌症- Asthma: 哮喘- Hypertension: 高血压- Arthritis: 关节炎- Depression: 抑郁症- Obesity: 肥胖症- Pneumonia: 肺炎4. Medical Procedures (医疗程序)- Surgery: 手术- X-ray: X射线- MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): 磁共振成像- Blood test: 血液检查- Vaccination: 疫苗接种- Dialysis: 透析- Chemotherapy: 化疗5. Medical Specialties (医学专科) - Cardiology: 心脏病学- Dermatology: 皮肤科- Gastroenterology: 胃肠病学- Neurology: 神经学- Psychiatry: 精神病学- Obstetrics and Gynecology: 妇产科- Orthopedics: 骨科- Pediatrics: 儿科6. Medical Instruments (医疗器械) - Stethoscope: 听诊器- Thermometer: 温度计- Sphygmomanometer: 血压计- Scalpel: 解剖刀- Syringe: 注射器- Electrocardiograph: 心电图仪- Ultrasound machine: 超声波机- Endoscope: 内窥镜以上是一份精选医学专业英语词汇大全，涵盖了解剖学、生理学、疾病与病况、医疗程序、医学专科和医疗器械等方面的词汇。
(完整版)肝胆外科文献常用英语单词
文献生词malignancy 恶性,恶性肿瘤hepatectomy 肝切除术bilirubin 胆红素bilirubinemia 胆红素血症Hyperbilirubinemia 高胆红素血症Indocyanine green 吲哚花青绿indocyanine green retention 靛青绿滞留量试验hepatic insufficiency 肝功能不全,肝功能衰退jaundice 黄疸retrospective review 回顾性调查intraoperative 手术中的,术中parameters 参数Logistic Regression Logistic回归prognosis 预后prognostic 预后的hilar 门的,脐的cholangiocarcinoma 胆管上皮癌intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma 肝内胆管癌anatomic 解剖的,解剖学的hepatic hilus 肝门perioperative 围手术期的indication 适应证,指征curative 治愈的resection 切除术likelihood 可能性liver function 肝功能metastasis 转移hepatocellular carcinoma 肝细胞癌unexpected 意外的,忽然的cholestasis 胆汁淤积biliary drainage 胆汁引流extended hemihepatectomy 扩大半肝切除术Trisegmentectomy 三段切除Chronic viral hepatitis 慢性病毒性肝炎cirrhosis 肝硬化serum 免疫血清,血清on admission 入院时,住医院时percutaneous 经皮的transhepatic 经肝的endoscopic biliary drainage 内镜胆管引流,内镜胆管引流术, endoscopic 内窥镜的;内窥镜检查的drainage tube 引流管,排液管portal vein 门(静)脉embolization 栓塞,栓塞术,栓子形成peritoneal 腹膜的dissemination 播散,散布laparotomy 剖腹手术distant metastasis 远端转移Surgical Procedures 外科手术anastomosis 吻合术enteric 肠的in terms of 以…的观点;以…的方式hemorrhage 出血hemorrhagic 出血性的hemolysis 溶血hemolytic 溶血的hematology 血液学hematological 血液的hemodynamics 血流动力学coagulation status 高凝状态prothrombin time 凝血酶原时间activated partial thromboplastin time 激活部分促凝血酶原激酶时间antithrombin 抗凝血酶thrombolytic 溶血栓药,血栓溶解剂duration 持续时间;期间nonlinear least squares method 非线性最小平方法natural logarithm 自然对数categorize 分类galactose tolerance test 半乳糖耐量试验half life 半衰期computed tomography scan 计算机体层摄影扫描,CT扫描contrast medium 对比剂,造影剂bolus 推注integrated software 集成软件variables 变量continuous variable 连续变量categorical variable 分类变量univariate 单变量multivariate 多变量univariate analysis 单变量分析multivariate analysis 多元分析,多元统计分析stepwise procedure 逐步过程chi square test χ2检验,卡方检验,cutoff value 截断值Odds Ratio 比值比Mann Whitney test 曼-怀二氏检验tailed 有…尾的receiver operating characteristic curve 接受者（机）操作特征曲线morbidity and mortality 并发症和死亡率decompression 减压in regard to 关于,至于living related liver transplantation 活体亲属供肝肝移植术parenchyma 实质liver parenchyma 肝实质excretory 排泄的,分泌的parenchymal 质的,主质的shrinkage 皱缩,皱缩度biotransformation 生物转化adenosine triphosphate 三磷腺苷ammonia 氨Aspartate Aminotransferase 天冬氨酸氨基转移酶Alanine Aminotransferase 丙氨酸氨基转移酶Lactate Dehydrogenase 乳酸脱氢酶alkaline phosphatase 碱性磷酸酶glutamyl 谷氨酰基Inferior Vena Cava 下腔静脉abdominal aorta 腹主动脉Paraaortic 主动脉旁的celiac axis 腹腔干common hepatic artery 肝总动脉proper hepatic artery 肝固有动脉superior mesenteric Artery 肠系膜上动脉Hepatic artery thrombosis 肝动脉血栓形成pseudoaneurysm 假性动脉瘤portacaval shunt 门(静脉与)腔静脉分流术arterialization 动脉化angiography 血管造影术occlusion 闭塞梗塞occluded 闭塞的collateral 侧的,侧支,副的confluence 合流,汇流autologous vein graft 自体静脉移植物porta hepatis 肝门Portal lymph node 肝门淋巴结second order biliary radicles 二级胆管根lobar atrophy 肝叶萎缩caudate lobe 尾状叶falciform ligament 肝镰状韧带periampullary 壶腹周围的Retroduodenal 十二指肠后的jejunum (jejunal) 空肠（的）ileum (ileal) 回肠（的）colon(colonic) 结肠（的）rectum (rectal) 直肠（的）anal canal 肛管oncology 肿瘤学oncological 肿瘤学的neoplasm 肿瘤，新生物neoplastic 肿瘤的，新生物的neoplastic seeding 肿瘤播种papillary tumor 乳头瘤adenocarcinoma 腺癌cystadenoma 囊腺瘤testis 睾丸gastrinoma 胃泌素瘤squamous cell carcinoma 鳞状细胞癌carcinoid tumors 类癌sarcoma 肉瘤focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) 局灶性结节性增生parenchymal disease 器质性疾病advanced cancer 晚期癌症well differentiated 分化良好nodule 结节nodal metastases 淋巴结转移therapeutic effect 疗效neoadjuvant chemotherapy 新辅助化疗radiofrequency ablation 射频消蚀arterial chemoembolization 动脉化疗性栓塞infiltrating 浸润macroscopically 肉眼[检查]的;目视的carcinoembryonic antigen 癌胚抗原indication 适应症指征contraindication 禁忌证preoperative workup 术前全面评估postoperative morbidity rate 术后并发症发生率operative approach 手术入路radical operation 根治术,根治性手术en bloc 整个地,整块地inoperable 不能手术的,不能做手术的palliative 姑息的diagnostic laparoscopy 诊断性腹腔镜检查non-therapeutic laparotomy 非治疗性剖腹探查术invasive techniques 微创技术procedural complications 手术并发症pancreaticoduodenectomy 胰十二指肠切除术Adrenalectomy 肾上腺切除术thrombectomy 血栓摘除术lymphadenectomy 淋巴结切除术Lymph Node Dissection 淋巴结清扫术lymph node harvest 淋巴结清扫end to side anastomosis 端侧吻合术hepaticojejunostomy 肝空肠吻合术cholecystectomy 胆囊切除术Caudate lobectomy 尾状叶切除术radiopharmaceutical agent 放射性药剂iodized oil 碘化油absolute ethanol 无水乙醇scintigraphy 闪烁扫描术helical 螺旋的,螺旋状,螺旋状的cross sectional imaging 横断层面成像magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 磁共振成像endoscopy retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)内镜下逆行胆胰管造影magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)磁共振胰胆管成像intraoperative ultrasonography 术中超声检查法contrast enhanced computed tomography对比增强扫描CTpositron emission tomography PET正电子发射断层扫描cholangiogram 胆管造影Recurrence 复发follow up 随访concomitant 伴发的,附随的comorbidities 并存病bleeding 出血,流血extravasation 外渗,溢出hemobilia 胆道出血biliary fistula 胆瘘pleural effusion 胸腔积液lung edema 肺水肿splenomegaly 脾肿大hypersplenism 脾功能亢进hepatic encephalopathy 肝性脑病ascites 腹水subphrenic abscess 膈下脓肿endotoxaemia 内毒素血症myocardial infarction 心肌梗死pyrexial 发热的hypothermic 低体温的Biliary Stricture 胆管狭窄steatohepatitis 脂肪性肝炎fatty liver 脂肪肝adipose tissue 脂肪组织primary sclerosing cholangitis 原发性硬化性胆管炎angina 心绞痛sepsis 败血症,脓毒症perfusion 灌注ex vivo 离体,在活体外in situ 原位right upper quadrant 右上象限proximal part 近心端perineural 神经周围的bifurcation 二根分叉部,分岔ipsilateral 身体的同侧的,同侧的Institutional Review Board 机构审查委员会Ethics Committees 伦理学委员会predispose to 易患，使易感染、诱发platelet 血小板hyperalimentation 高营养支持cirrhotic 硬变的morbidity 并发症，发病率medications 用药dislodge 移去,逐出,取出gonadal 性腺的,生殖腺的Histologic 组织学的frozen section 冰冻切片atrophy 萎缩hypertrophy 肥大,过度生长proliferation 增生,增殖hyperplasia 增生;数量性肥大Stem cells 干细胞bone marrow derived 骨髓衍生的epithelium 上皮,上皮细胞encased 包裹reconstruction 重建,再造,重构inflammatory 炎症性的broad spectrum antibiotics 广谱抗菌素blood culture 血培养Gram Negative bacillus 革兰阴性[芽胞]杆菌cut surface 切面stent 支架catheter 导管direct cannulation 直接插管spectrophotometer 分光光度计rupture 破裂,vt.(使)破裂somatostatin 生长抑素Extracellular Matrix 细胞外基质cohort 同期组群Length of Stay 住院时间after discharge 出院后stratified 分层的,成层的clear cut 明确的In this regard 在这方面come at a cost 是有代价的progressively 进行性地,渐进地rationale 原理,基础理论homogeneous 同类的同质的heterogeneous 异类的,不同的putative 假定的omnipotent 全能的,无所不能的as controls 作为对照preconditioned 预处理preconditioning 预处理prospectively 前瞻性prospective randomized date 前瞻性随机数据Disease-Specific survival 疾病特异性生存率irreversible 不可逆的references 参考Cochrane 循证医学cholangiopancreatography 胰胆管造影术resolution 分辨率（决心，决议解决）herein 如此,鉴于，在此处iatrogenic 医源性palliation 缓和,减轻running suture 连续缝合orthotopic liver transplantation 原位肝移植chemoradiation 放化疗preneoplastic change 癌前变化carcinogenesis 致癌作用dysplasia 发育不良,不典型增生endoprosthesis 内镜置管术pruritus 瘙痒pruritis 瘙痒症Etiology (aetiology) 病原学etiologic 病原学的epidemiology 流行病学epidemiological 流行病学的pathophysiology 病理生理学lesion 病变Radionuclide 放射性核素nitrosamine 亚硝胺类pathogenesis 发病机制carcinoid 类癌Mucinous Adenocarcinoma 粘液腺癌Clear cell adenocarcinoma 透明细胞腺癌Signet ring cell adenocarcinoma 印戒细胞腺癌Adenosquamous Carcinoma 腺鳞状癌Squamous Cell Carcinoma 鳞状细胞癌Oat Cell Carcinoma 燕麦细胞癌Undifferentiated Carcinoma 未分化癌Papillomatosis 乳头状瘤病Papillary Carcinoma 乳头状癌hepatoblastoma 肝母细胞瘤Haemangioendothelioma 血管内皮瘤neuroendocrine tumour 神经内分泌瘤Leiomyosarcoma 平滑肌肉瘤malignant fibrous histiocytoma 恶化纤维组织细胞瘤nodular tumors 结节性肿瘤cachexia 恶液质sterilize 灭菌,消毒surgical radicality 手术的根治性angiogenetic 血管生成angiogenic 血管源性的，生成血管的antiangiogenic 抗血管生成的chemosensitization 化疗增敏photosensitizer 感光剂,光敏剂irradiation 放射，照射conformational radiotherapy 适形放射治疗brachytherapy 短距离放射治疗stereotactic 立体定位的,立体定向的interventional radiology 介入放射学oxaliplatin 奥沙利铂doxorubicin 多柔比星gemcitabine 吉西他滨immunosuppressant 免疫抑制剂Portography 门静脉造影术contrast agent 对比剂,造影剂lipiodol 碘油Iodophor 碘伏cystic duct 胆囊管choledochal duct 胆总管choledochal cysts 胆总管囊肿Choledocholithiasis 胆总管结石hepatolithiasis 肝内胆管结石病oriental cholangiohepatitis 东方人胆管肝炎Biliary malformation 胆管畸形Liver fluke 肝吸虫protocol 治疗方案therapeutic regimen 治疗方案Palliative Treatment 姑息治疗Signs and Symptoms 体征和症状plethora 多血症,多血质Differential Diagnosis 鉴别诊断Randomized Controlled Trials 随机对照试验enterocinesia 肠动,肠蠕动Ligation 结扎术luminal obstruction 官腔阻塞screening 普检,筛查,筛选predisposing factor 易感因素enhanced susceptibility 增强易感性hyperbaric oxygen treatment 高压氧治疗asymptomatic 无症状的indolent 无痛的Intractable Pain 顽固性疼痛visceral 内脏的steatosis 脂肪变性latency 潜伏期side effects 副作用decompensation 失代偿anoxia 缺养症anoxic 缺氧的anoxemia. 缺氧血症;血缺氧ischemia 局部缺血,缺血Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury 缺血再灌注损伤ischemic change 缺血性改变anemia 贫血pyogenic 化脓的purulent 化脓性,脓性的hepatomegaly 肝肿大umbilical fissure 裂脐cytokine 细胞因子neuropeptide 神经肽neurotransmitter 神经递质fluorescence in situ hybridization 荧光原位杂交necrosis 坏死necrocytosis 细胞坏死apoptosis 凋亡apoptotic 细胞凋亡的desmoplastic reaction 纤维成形性反应oncogene 癌基因Suppressor Genes 抑制基因genetic 遗传的epigenetic change 基因外改变hypermethylation 超甲基化sequential occurrence 顺序发生stepwise 分步的,分段的,逐步的mesenchymal 间质morphology 形态atypia 非典型,异型性Phenotype 表型dehydration 脱水paraffin 石蜡impregnation 浸渍,受精,受孕embedding 包埋,埋植serial section 连续切片anesthesia 麻醉anesthesiology 麻醉学anesthetist 麻醉师palpation 触诊orifice 管口,口,小孔one orifice 一个管口intubate 插管pancreatic secretion 胰腋centrifuge 离心,,离心机cannulation 管子reactive oxygen species 活性氧recanalization 再通，再穿通Celiac Plexus 腹腔丛arteriolar 微动脉的,小动脉的Collateral Circulation 侧支循环intima 内膜subintimal 内膜下的mitochondria 线粒体multifocal 多病灶的endemic 地方性的amenable 适合的more specifically 更具体地说mainstay 主要依据kink 扭折,纽结lethal 致命的peculiarity 特性armamentarium 医疗设备,设备demarcate 划界线,分开,区别paucity 资料贫乏migration 移位interim report 中期报告nihilistic 虚无主义的enigmatic 难理解的，神秘的occult 隐匿的，潜隐的autopsy 尸检detritus 腐屑,腐质,碎屑antegrade 顺行的retrograde逆行的endogenous 内源的,内生的exogenous 外源的,外生的intracorporeal 体内的extracorporeal 体外的autocrine 自分泌paracrine 旁分泌xenogenic 异体的,异种的cryptogenic 隐原性的,原因不明的insidiously 隐袭地congenital 先天的,天生的hereditary 遗传的,遗传性的pitfall 缺陷Biliary anomalies 胆道畸形cholecystolithiasis胆囊结石cholecystitis 胆囊炎choledocholithiasis 胆总管结石total bilirubin总胆红素unconjugated bilirubin 游离胆红素conjugated bilirubin 结合胆红素bile plug 胆栓sinusoid 血窦，窦状隙sinusoidal 血窦的窦状隙的transjugular 经颈静脉的portosystemic shunt 门体分流术hepatic coma 肝昏迷hyperammonaemia 高氨血症hypoalbuminemia 低白蛋白血症neuropsychiatric 神经精神性的confusion 意识错乱,意识模糊disorientation 定向障碍astrocyte 星形胶质细胞inflammatory mediator 炎症介质neutrophil (neutrophilic granulocyte) 嗜中性粒细胞macrophage 巨噬细胞phagocyte 吞噬细胞phagocytosis 吞噬作用mitogen 促细胞分裂原,有丝分裂原reticuloendothelial system 网状内皮系统Synthase 合酶dysregulation 调节异常,失调chromosome 染色体nuclear atypia 核异型nucleotide 核苷酸mitochondria 线粒体mitochondrial 线粒体的microsome 微粒体microsomal 微粒体的detoxify 去毒, 解毒，戒烟毒detoxification 解毒(作用),脱毒,戒毒治疗carcinogen 致癌物mutagen 诱变剂,致突变原carbohydrate antigen 糖类抗原标志物,糖链抗原glycoprotein 糖蛋白extirpation 摘除malignant transformation 恶变,恶性转化forceps biopsy 钳夹活检,钳夹活检术transpapillary 经十二指肠乳头stenosis 狭窄stenotic 狭窄的patency rate 通畅率vasculature 脉管系统diffuse intravascular coagulation 弥散性血管内凝血(DIC) coagulant and fibrinolytic systems 凝血和纤溶系统circulatory disturbance 循环紊乱Vascular Permeability 血管通透性vasodilatation 血管扩张vasopressor 血管升压类药物vasopressin 加压素endothelin 内皮缩血管肽prostaglandin 前列腺素Saphenous Veins 隐静脉renin 肾素angiotensin 血管紧张素aldosterone 醛固酮oestrogen (estrin) 雌激素progestogen (progestin) 孕激素androgen (androtin) 雄激素testosterone 睾酮acute tubular necrosis 急性肾小管坏死oedema 水肿oliguria 少尿症diuretic(a) 利尿剂haemofiltration 血液滤过dialyse 透析dialysate (Dialysis Solutions) 透析液acute respiratory distress syndrome 急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS) diaphragm 横隔dyspnea 呼吸困难pulmonary oedema 肺水肿ventilatory dysfunction 通气功能障碍Total Parenteral Nutrition 全胃肠外营养enteral nutrition 肠道营养malabsorption 吸收不良venoplasty 血管成形术hematoma 血肿perforation 穿孔paracentesis 穿刺,穿刺术granulomatous inflammation 肉芽肿性炎症Bacterial Translocation 细菌移位the administration of antibiotics 抗生素的应用prophylactic antibiotics 预防性抗生素synbiotic therapy 合生元治疗free radical 自由基lactate 乳酸盐malaise 不适感,全身乏力episode 发作idiopathic 特发性的,自发性的tracer 示踪剂relaparotomy 再手术mild to moderate 轻度到中度multifactorial 多因子的,多因素的iohexol 碘海醇procaine 普鲁卡因lidocaine 利多卡因analgesia 镇痛dehiscence 裂开cryopreserved 冷藏保存的discriminant analysis 判别分析cadaveric 尸体的subjects 受试者obliteration 涂去,抹消,删除milieu 环境,境界potent 有力的,有效的schematic diagram 示意图,原理图misidentification 错误认同,错认algorithm 公式,算法,推导strong echo 强回声acoustic shadow 声影hyperecho(ic) 高回声（的）isoecho(ic) 等回声（的）hypoecho(ic) 低回声（的）anecho(ic) 无回声（的）aseptic technique 无菌术asepsis 灭菌antisepsis 消毒emergency operation 急诊手术confine operation 限期手术selective operation 择期手术evidence-based medicine 循证医学polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 聚合酶链反应inquiry 问诊chief complaints 主诉history collection 病史采集history of present illness 现病史past history 既往史personal history 个人史marital history 婚姻史menstrual history 月经史child bearing history 生育史family history 家族史physical examination 体格检查inspection 视诊palpation 触诊percussion 叩诊auscultation 听诊abdominal pain 腹痛abdominal distension 腹胀diarrhea 腹泻constipation 便秘nausea 恶心vomit 呕吐stool 大便urine 小便aspiration 误吸asphyxia (apnea) 窒息atelectasis 肺不张arrhythmia 心律失常cardiac arrest 心脏骤停ventricular fibrillation 心室纤颤hyperthermia 高热hypothermia 低温Natrium (sodium) 钠Kalium (potassium) 钾Chlorine 氯Calcium 钙Magnesium 镁Phosphorus 磷ion 离子homoeostasis 体内平衡derangement 紊乱isotonic dehydration 等渗性缺水hypotonic dehydration 低渗性缺水hypertonic dehydration 高渗性缺水water intoxication 水中毒hyponatremia 低钠血症hypernatremia 高钠血症hypochloremia 低氯血症hyperchloremia 高氯血症hypokalemia 低钾血症hyperkalemia 高钾血症hypocalcemia 低钙血症hypercalcemia 高钙血症hypomagnesemia 低镁血症hypermagnesemia 高镁血症hypophosphatemia 低磷血症hyperphosphatemia 高磷血症metabolic acidosis 代谢性酸中毒metabolic alkalosis 代谢性碱中毒respiratory acidosis 呼吸性酸中毒respiratory alkalosis 呼吸性碱中毒hematocrit (Hct) 血细胞比容autologous blood transfusion 自体输血salvaged autotransfusion 回收式自体输血predeposited autotransfusion 预存式自体输血hemodiluted autotransfusion 稀释式自体输血cryoprecipitate 冷沉淀furuncle 疖furunculosis 疖病carbuncle 痈acute lymphangitis 急性淋巴管炎erysipelas 丹毒abscess 脓肿dermoid cancer 皮肤癌melanotic 黑痣melanoma 黑色素瘤lipoma 脂肪瘤neurinoma 神经鞘瘤neurofibroma 神经纤维瘤capillary hemangioma 毛细血管瘤angiocavernoma 海绵状血管瘤racemosum hemangioma 蔓状血管瘤sebum cyst 皮脂腺囊肿tetanus 破伤风gangrene 坏疽superinfection 二重感染septicemia 败血症debridement 清创术simple goiter 单纯性甲状腺肿hyperthyroidism 甲亢hypothyroidism 甲减mastitis 乳腺炎mastopathy 乳腺病，乳腺增生症mastectomy 乳房切除术teratoma 畸胎瘤inguinal hernia 腹股沟疝femoral hernia 股疝incisional hernia 切口疝umbilial hernia 脐疝hernia of linea alba 白线疝interloop abscess 肠间脓肿helicobacter pylory (HP) 幽门螺杆菌pyloric obstruction 幽门梗阻vagotomy 迷走神经切断术lymphoma 淋巴瘤duodenal diverticulum 十二指肠憩室intussusception 肠套叠polyps 息肉ulcerative colitis 溃疡性结肠炎rectal prolapse 直肠脱垂anorectal abscess 直肠肛管周围脓肿anal fistula 肛瘘anal fissure 肛裂haemorrhoids 痔internal haemorrhoids 内痔external haemorrhoids 外痔mixed haemorrhoids 混合痔annulus haemorrhoids 环形痔proctocolectomy 直肠与结肠切除术major operation 大手术omentum 网膜pancreaticobiliary 胰胆管的Bile canaliculus 胆小管mediastinum 纵隔quadrate lobe 方叶organic 有机的,器官的interferon 干扰素glomerular filtration rate 肾小球滤过率Fulminant Liver Failure 暴发性肝衰竭Nephrotic Syndrome 肾病综合征enteropathy 肠病,肠病变Esophageal cancer 食管癌gastroesophageal varices 胃食管静脉曲张Supine Position 仰卧位informed consent 知情同意sequelae 后遗症,转归demarcate 划界线,分开,区别postprandial 食后的to date 迄今为止regarding 关于serologic 血清学的Serology 血清学hepaplastin test 肝促凝血活酶试验urea 尿素heme 血红素anionic 阴离子的。
普外科常用专业英语(带音标)
1.Appendicitis 阑尾炎/pendi`saitis/2.intestinal obstruction 肠梗阻/in`testin l/ /b`strΛk∫n/3.gastric cancer 胃癌/`gæstrik/ /`kæns(r)/4.liver cancer 肝癌/liv(r)/ /`kæns (r)/5.cholelithiasis 胆石病/,k lili`θai sis/6.cholecystolithiasis 胆囊结石病7.choledocholith 胆总管结石8.pancreatitis 胰腺炎/,pæηkri`taitis/9.carcinoma of stomach 胃癌/ka:si`n um/ /`stΛm k/ 10、carcinoma of colon 结肠癌/ka:si`n um/ /`k ul n/ 11、carcinoma of rectum 直肠癌/ka:si`n um/ /`rekt m/ 12、peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡/`peptik/ /`Λls/13、appendiceal abcess 阑尾脓肿14、thyroid tumor 甲状腺肿瘤/`θair id/ /`tju:m/15、nodular goiter 结节性甲状腺肿/`n duil/16、hyperthyroidism 甲状腺功能亢进/haip`θair idzm/17、injury of abdomen 腹部损伤/`ind ri/ /`æbd m n/18、injury of skin and soft tissue 皮肤软组织损伤/`ind ri//skin/ /s ft/ /`ti∫u:/ 19、liver injury 肝损伤/`liv (r)/ /`ind ri/ 20、rupture of spleen 脾破裂/`rΛpt∫/ /spli:n/21、rupture of the bowel 肠破裂/`rΛpt∫/ /`b u l/ 22、portal hypertension 门脉高压症/`p:t l/ /,haip`ten∫n/ 23、gastrointestinal tract bleeding 胃肠道出血/,gæstr uin`testin l/ /trækt/ /`bli:di/ 24、suppurative peritonitis 化脓性腹膜炎/sΛpju r tiv/ /`perit`naitis/ 25、gastric perforation 胃穿孔/`gæstrik/ /p:f`rei∫()n/ 26、cholecystitis 胆囊炎/,k lisis`taitis/27、obstructive jaundice 阻塞性黄疸/b`strΛktiv/ /`d:ndis/ 28、breast mass 乳房肿块/brest/ /ma:s/29、breast cancer 乳癌/brest/ /`kæns (r)/30、mammary cancer 乳癌/`mæm ri/ /`kæns (r)/1. polyp of rectum 直肠胆囊息肉/`p lip/ /`rekt m/2. adhesive ileus(mechanical)粘连性(机械性)肠梗阻/d`hi:siv//ili s//mi`kænik()l/ 3. closed injury of abdomen腹部闭和性损伤/kl uzd/ /`ind ri/ /`æbd m n/ 4. contusion 挫伤/k n`tju:n/5. laceration 裂伤/,læs`rei∫n/6. abdominal visceral injury腹腔脏器损伤/`æb`d min l/ /`ind ri/7. gastric ulcer 胃溃疡/`gæstrik/ /`Λls (r)/ 8. duodenal bulbar ulcer十二指肠球部溃疡/,dju: u`di:n l/ /bΛlb (r)/ /`Λls (r)/9. metastatic carcinoma 转移性癌10. ascariasis of biliary tract胆道蛔虫症/,æsk`rai sis//`bilj ri//trækt/ 11. hapatic cyst 肝囊肿/sist/12. hapatolithiasis 肝胆管结石13. liver abscess 肝脓肿/`liv (r)//`æbsis/14. traumatic shock 创伤性休克/tr:`mætik//∫k/15. hemorrhagic shock 出血性休克/∫k/16. septic shock 感染性休克/septik/ /∫k/17. choledochocele 胆总管囊肿18. hyperplasia of mammary glands乳腺增生/,haip`pleizj/ /`mæm ri//`glændz/19. septicemia 败血症/septi`si:mi/20. sarcoma 肉瘤/sa:`k um/21. primary carcinoma of liver原发性肝癌/`praim ri/ /ka:si`n um/ /`liv (r)/22. adenocarcinoma of bile duct胆管腺癌/`æd n u, ka:si`n um//bail//dΛkt/23. cholangitis 胆管炎/,k l n` d aitis/24. acute diffuse peritonitis急性弥漫性腹膜炎/`kju:t/ /di:fju:s//perit`naitis/ 25. abscess of peritoneum 腹腔脓肿/`æbsis/ /perit u`ni: m/26. pyloric obstruction 幽门梗阻/pai`l:rik//b`strΛk∫n/ 27. infection of incisional wound 切口感染/in`fek∫()n /28. fat liquefaction 脂肪液化/fæt/ /,likwi`fæk∫n /29. chronic cholecystitis 慢性胆囊炎/`kr nik/ /,k lisis`taitis/ 30. gallstone 胆石/`g:lst un/2/61. stoma ulcer 吻合口溃疡/st um//Λls(r)/2. intussusception 肠套叠/,int ss`sep∫n /2. reduction of intussusception 肠套叠复位术/ri`dΛk∫()n/ /,int ss`sep∫n / 4. post gastrectomy 胃切除术后/p ust/ /gæs`trekt mi/5. anastomotic leakage 吻合口漏6. duodenal fistula 十二指肠残端瘘/,dju: u`di:n l/ /fistjul/7. stess ulcer 应激性溃疡/Λls(r)/8. hemangioma 血管瘤/hi,mænd i`um/9. laceration of scalp 头皮裂伤/,læs`rei∫n / /skælp/10 .incarcerated hernia 嵌顿性疝/,in`ka:s reitid/ /`hз:ni/11. urinary tract infection 泌尿道感染/ju rin ri/ /trækt/ /in`fek∫()n / 12. gangrenous appendicitis 坏疽性阑尾炎/`gæηgrin s / /pendi`saitis/ 13. appendix mass 阑尾包块/`pendiks/ /ma:s/14. cirrhosis 肝硬化/si`r usis/15. diabetes 糖尿病/dai`bi:ti:z/16. epigastrium 上腹部/,epi`gæstri m/17. epigastralgia 上腹部痛18. inferior belly 下腹3/6/in`fi ri(r)/ /`beli/19. hypogastralgia 下腹痛20. ascending colon 升结肠/`sendiη/ /`k ul n/21. descending colon 降结肠/di` sendiη/ /`k ul n/22. sigmoid colon 乙状结肠/`sigm id/ /`k ul n/23. emergency operation 急诊手术/i`mз: d nsi/ /p`rei n/24. selective operation 择期手术/si`lektiv/ /p`rei n/25.chemotherapy 化疗/ki:m u`θer pi/26.non operative treatment 非手术疗法/nΛη/ /p r tiv/ /`tri:tm nt/27.palliative treatment 姑息疗法/`pæli tiv/ /`tri:tm nt/28.palliative operation 姑息性手术/`pæli tiv/ /p`rei∫()n/ 29.conservative treatment 保守疗法/k n`sз:v tiv/ /`tri:tm nt/30.cholangiography 胆管造影术/k,læn d I`gr fi/31.cholangiectasis 胆管扩张32.stenosis of biliary tract 胆道狭窄/`bilj ri/ /trækt/33.cholecystostomy 胆囊造瘘术普外科常用英语单词（四）1. appendetomy 阑尾切除术2. gastrectomy 胃切除术/gæs`trekt mi/3. enterectomy 肠切除术/,ent`rekt mi/4.cholecystetomy 胆囊切除术5.resection of small intestine 小肠切除术/ri`sek∫n/ /in`testin/6.colectomy /k`lekt mi/ 结肠切除术7.left（right）hemicolectomy左（右）半结肠切除术4/68.sigmoidectomy 乙状结肠切除术/,sigm i`dek tmi/9.hepatectomy 肝切除术/,hep`tekt mi/10.left（right）hemihepatectomy 左（右）半肝切除术11.lobectomy of liver 肝叶切除术/l u`bekt mi/ /`liv()r/12.thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除术/,θair i`dekt mi/13.partial（subtotal/total）thyroidectomy 部分（次全/全）甲状腺切除术/`pa:∫()l/ (/sΛb,t ut l/ /`t ut()/) /,θair i`dekt mi/14.mastectomy 乳房（腺）切除术/mæ`stekt mi / 15.simple mastectomy单纯乳房（腺）切除术/`simp()l//mæ`stekt mi /16.radical operation of mastocarcinoma 乳癌根治术/`rædik()l//p`rei∫()n//mæst u,ka:si`n um/ 17.modified radical operation 改良根治术/`m difai/ /`rædik()l/ / p`rei∫()n/18.splenectomy 脾切除术/spli`nekt mi/19.pancreatoduodenectomy 胰十二指肠切除术paroscopic cholecystetomy腹腔镜胆囊切除术21.intestinal anastomosis 肠吻合术/in`testin l/ /,æn st`m usis/ 22.gastrojejunostomy 胃肠吻合术/gæstr ud id u:`n st mi/23.enterotomy 肠切开术/,ent`r t mi/24.exploratory laparotomy 剖腹探查术/eks`pl:r t()ri/ /,læp`r t mi/25.exploratory of biliary tract 胆道探查术/eks`pl:r t()ri/ /`bilj ri//trækt/26.repair of hernia 疝修补术/`hз:ni/27.hernial reposition 疝复位术/`hз:ni l/ /ri:p`zi∫()n/ 28.exclusion of ulcer 溃疡旷置术/ik`sklu:()n/ /`Λls(r)/ 29.porta-azygous devascularization 门-奇静脉阻断术/p it-æzig s/30.spleen-renal venous anastomosis 脾-肾静脉吻合术/spli:n-`ri:n()l//`vi:n s//,æn st`m usis /31.abdominal paracentesis 腹腔穿刺术/æb`d min l/ /,pær sen`ti:sis/ 32.incision and drainage of abscess 脓肿切开引流术/in`si()n/ /`dreinid/ /`æbsis/ 33.cholelithotomy 胆石切除术普外科英语常用单词（五）1.subcutaneous injection 皮下注射/sΛbkju:`teini s//in`d ek∫()n/2.intramuscular injection 肌肉注射/intr`mΛskjul()r//in`d ek∫()n/3.venous injection 静脉注射/`vi:n s//in`d ek∫()n/4.venous transfusion 静脉输液/`vi:n s/ /træns`fju:z()n/5.blood transfusion 输血/blΛd/ /træns`fju:z()n/6.sterilization 消毒7.sterilized cotton ball 消毒棉球/sterilaiz/ /`k t()n//b:l/8.cotton stick 棉花签/`k t()n//stik/9.gauze /g:z/ 纱布10.gauze bandage 纱布绷带/g:z//`bændid/11.adhesive plaster 胶布/d`hi:siv//`pla:st(r)/12.dressing change 换药/dresiη/ /t∫eind/13.immobilization with adhesive plaster 胶布固定/d`hi:siv//`pla:st(r)/ 14.alcohol 酒精/`ælk h l/ 15.iodine tincture 碘酊（酒）/`ai di:n//`tiηkt∫(r)/16.physical cooling 物理降温/`fizik()l/17.preoperative care 术前护理/pri:`p r tiv/ /ke(r)/18.preoperative preparation 术前准备/pri:`p r tiv//prep`rei∫()n/ 19.postoperative care 术后护理/p ust:`p r tiv//ke(r)/ 20.nursing care 护理/n:siη//ke(r)/21.enema /`enim/ 灌肠22.retention（cleaning）enema 保留（清洁）灌肠/ri`ten∫()n/ /`enim/ 23.oxygen inhalation 吸氧/`ksid()n//,inh`lei∫n/ 24.gastric tube 胃管/`gæstrik/ /tju:b/25.gastric juice 胃液/`gæstrik/ /d u:s/26.gastrointestinal decompression 胃肠减压/,gæstr uin`testin l//di:k m`pre∫()n/ 27.intake and output volume 出入量/`inteik/ /`autput//`v lju:m/ 28.amount of bleeding 出血量/`maunt/ /`bli:diη/29.amount of urine 尿量/`maunt/ /`ju rin/30.hemospasia 抽血/,hi:m`spei/。
肝胆外科文献常用英语单词
文献生词malignancy 恶性,恶性肿瘤hepatectomy 肝切除术bilirubin 胆红素bilirubinemia 胆红素血症Hyperbilirubinemia 高胆红素血症Indocyanine green 吲哚花青绿indocyanine green retention 靛青绿滞留量试验hepatic insufficiency 肝功能不全,肝功能衰退jaundice 黄疸retrospective review 回顾性调查intraoperative 手术中的,术中parameters 参数Logistic Regression Logistic回归prognosis 预后prognostic 预后的hilar 门的,脐的cholangiocarcinoma 胆管上皮癌intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma 肝内胆管癌anatomic 解剖的,解剖学的hepatic hilus 肝门perioperative 围手术期的indication 适应证,指征curative 治愈的resection 切除术likelihood 可能性liver function 肝功能metastasis 转移hepatocellular carcinoma 肝细胞癌unexpected 意外的,忽然的cholestasis 胆汁淤积biliary drainage 胆汁引流extended hemihepatectomy 扩大半肝切除术Trisegmentectomy 三段切除Chronic viral hepatitis 慢性病毒性肝炎cirrhosis 肝硬化serum 免疫血清,血清on admission 入院时,住医院时percutaneous 经皮的transhepatic 经肝的endoscopic biliary drainage 内镜胆管引流,内镜胆管引流术,endoscopic 内窥镜的;内窥镜检查的drainage tube 引流管,排液管portal vein 门(静)脉embolization 栓塞,栓塞术,栓子形成peritoneal 腹膜的dissemination 播散,散布laparotomy 剖腹手术distant metastasis 远端转移Surgical Procedures 外科手术anastomosis 吻合术enteric 肠的in terms of 以…的观点;以…的方式hemorrhage 出血hemorrhagic 出血性的hemolysis 溶血hemolytic 溶血的hematology 血液学hematological 血液的hemodynamics 血流动力学coagulation status 高凝状态prothrombin time 凝血酶原时间activated partial thromboplastin time 激活部分促凝血酶原激酶时间antithrombin 抗凝血酶thrombolytic 溶血栓药,血栓溶解剂duration 持续时间;期间nonlinear least squares method 非线性最小平方法natural logarithm 自然对数categorize 分类galactose tolerance test 半乳糖耐量试验half life 半衰期computed tomography scan 计算机体层摄影扫描,CT扫描contrast medium 对比剂,造影剂bolus 推注integrated software 集成软件variables 变量continuous variable 连续变量categorical variable 分类变量univariate 单变量multivariate 多变量univariate analysis 单变量分析multivariate analysis 多元分析,多元统计分析stepwise procedure 逐步过程chi square test χ2检验,卡方检验,cutoff value 截断值Odds Ratio 比值比Mann Whitney test 曼-怀二氏检验tailed 有…尾的receiver operating characteristic curve 接受者（机）操作特征曲线morbidity and mortality 并发症和死亡率decompression 减压in regard to 关于,至于living related liver transplantation 活体亲属供肝肝移植术parenchyma 实质liver parenchyma 肝实质excretory 排泄的,分泌的parenchymal 质的,主质的shrinkage 皱缩,皱缩度biotransformation 生物转化adenosine triphosphate 三磷腺苷ammonia 氨Aspartate Aminotransferase 天冬氨酸氨基转移酶Alanine Aminotransferase 丙氨酸氨基转移酶Lactate Dehydrogenase 乳酸脱氢酶alkaline phosphatase 碱性磷酸酶glutamyl 谷氨酰基Inferior Vena Cava 下腔静脉abdominal aorta 腹主动脉Paraaortic 主动脉旁的celiac axis 腹腔干common hepatic artery 肝总动脉proper hepatic artery 肝固有动脉superior mesenteric Artery 肠系膜上动脉Hepatic artery thrombosis 肝动脉血栓形成pseudoaneurysm 假性动脉瘤portacaval shunt 门(静脉与)腔静脉分流术arterialization 动脉化angiography 血管造影术occlusion 闭塞梗塞occluded 闭塞的collateral 侧的,侧支,副的confluence 合流,汇流autologous vein graft 自体静脉移植物porta hepatis 肝门Portal lymph node 肝门淋巴结second order biliary radicles 二级胆管根lobar atrophy 肝叶萎缩caudate lobe 尾状叶falciform ligament 肝镰状韧带periampullary 壶腹周围的Retroduodenal 十二指肠后的jejunum (jejunal) 空肠（的）ileum (ileal) 回肠（的）colon(colonic) 结肠（的）rectum (rectal) 直肠（的）anal canal 肛管oncology 肿瘤学oncological 肿瘤学的neoplasm 肿瘤，新生物neoplastic 肿瘤的，新生物的neoplastic seeding 肿瘤播种papillary tumor 乳头瘤adenocarcinoma 腺癌cystadenoma 囊腺瘤testis 睾丸gastrinoma 胃泌素瘤squamous cell carcinoma 鳞状细胞癌carcinoid tumors 类癌sarcoma 肉瘤focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) 局灶性结节性增生parenchymal disease 器质性疾病advanced cancer 晚期癌症well differentiated 分化良好nodule 结节nodal metastases 淋巴结转移therapeutic effect 疗效neoadjuvant chemotherapy 新辅助化疗radiofrequency ablation 射频消蚀arterial chemoembolization 动脉化疗性栓塞infiltrating 浸润macroscopically 肉眼[检查]的;目视的carcinoembryonic antigen 癌胚抗原indication 适应症指征contraindication 禁忌证preoperative workup 术前全面评估postoperative morbidity rate 术后并发症发生率operative approach 手术入路radical operation 根治术,根治性手术en bloc 整个地,整块地inoperable 不能手术的,不能做手术的palliative 姑息的diagnostic laparoscopy 诊断性腹腔镜检查non-therapeutic laparotomy 非治疗性剖腹探查术invasive techniques 微创技术procedural complications 手术并发症pancreaticoduodenectomy 胰十二指肠切除术Adrenalectomy 肾上腺切除术thrombectomy 血栓摘除术lymphadenectomy 淋巴结切除术Lymph Node Dissection 淋巴结清扫术lymph node harvest 淋巴结清扫end to side anastomosis 端侧吻合术hepaticojejunostomy 肝空肠吻合术cholecystectomy 胆囊切除术Caudate lobectomy 尾状叶切除术radiopharmaceutical agent 放射性药剂iodized oil 碘化油absolute ethanol 无水乙醇scintigraphy 闪烁扫描术helical 螺旋的,螺旋状,螺旋状的cross sectional imaging 横断层面成像magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 磁共振成像endoscopy retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)内镜下逆行胆胰管造影magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)磁共振胰胆管成像intraoperative ultrasonography 术中超声检查法contrast enhanced computed tomography对比增强扫描CT positron emission tomography PET正电子发射断层扫描cholangiogram 胆管造影Recurrence 复发follow up 随访concomitant 伴发的,附随的comorbidities 并存病bleeding 出血,流血extravasation 外渗,溢出hemobilia 胆道出血biliary fistula 胆瘘pleural effusion 胸腔积液lung edema 肺水肿splenomegaly 脾肿大hypersplenism 脾功能亢进hepatic encephalopathy 肝性脑病ascites 腹水subphrenic abscess 膈下脓肿endotoxaemia 内毒素血症myocardial infarction 心肌梗死pyrexial 发热的hypothermic 低体温的Biliary Stricture 胆管狭窄steatohepatitis 脂肪性肝炎fatty liver 脂肪肝adipose tissue 脂肪组织primary sclerosing cholangitis 原发性硬化性胆管炎angina 心绞痛sepsis 败血症,脓毒症perfusion 灌注ex vivo 离体,在活体外in situ 原位right upper quadrant 右上象限proximal part 近心端perineural 神经周围的bifurcation 二根分叉部,分岔ipsilateral 身体的同侧的,同侧的Institutional Review Board 机构审查委员会Ethics Committees 伦理学委员会predispose to 易患，使易感染、诱发platelet 血小板hyperalimentation 高营养支持cirrhotic 硬变的morbidity 并发症，发病率medications 用药dislodge 移去,逐出,取出gonadal 性腺的,生殖腺的Histologic 组织学的frozen section 冰冻切片atrophy 萎缩hypertrophy 肥大,过度生长proliferation 增生,增殖hyperplasia 增生;数量性肥大Stem cells 干细胞bone marrow derived 骨髓衍生的epithelium 上皮,上皮细胞encased 包裹reconstruction 重建,再造,重构inflammatory 炎症性的broad spectrum antibiotics 广谱抗菌素blood culture 血培养Gram Negative bacillus 革兰阴性[芽胞]杆菌cut surface 切面stent 支架catheter 导管direct cannulation 直接插管spectrophotometer 分光光度计rupture 破裂,vt.(使)破裂somatostatin 生长抑素Extracellular Matrix 细胞外基质cohort 同期组群Length of Stay 住院时间after discharge 出院后stratified 分层的,成层的clear cut 明确的In this regard 在这方面come at a cost 是有代价的progressively 进行性地,渐进地rationale 原理,基础理论homogeneous 同类的同质的heterogeneous 异类的,不同的putative 假定的omnipotent 全能的,无所不能的as controls 作为对照preconditioned 预处理preconditioning 预处理prospectively 前瞻性prospective randomized date 前瞻性随机数据Disease-Specific survival 疾病特异性生存率irreversible 不可逆的references 参考Cochrane 循证医学cholangiopancreatography 胰胆管造影术resolution 分辨率（决心，决议解决）herein 如此,鉴于，在此处iatrogenic 医源性palliation 缓和,减轻running suture 连续缝合orthotopic liver transplantation 原位肝移植chemoradiation 放化疗preneoplastic change 癌前变化carcinogenesis 致癌作用dysplasia 发育不良,不典型增生endoprosthesis 内镜置管术pruritus 瘙痒pruritis 瘙痒症Etiology (aetiology) 病原学etiologic 病原学的epidemiology 流行病学epidemiological 流行病学的pathophysiology 病理生理学lesion 病变Radionuclide 放射性核素nitrosamine 亚硝胺类pathogenesis 发病机制carcinoid 类癌Mucinous Adenocarcinoma 粘液腺癌Clear cell adenocarcinoma 透明细胞腺癌Signet ring cell adenocarcinoma 印戒细胞腺癌Adenosquamous Carcinoma 腺鳞状癌Squamous Cell Carcinoma 鳞状细胞癌Oat Cell Carcinoma 燕麦细胞癌Undifferentiated Carcinoma 未分化癌Papillomatosis 乳头状瘤病Papillary Carcinoma 乳头状癌hepatoblastoma 肝母细胞瘤Haemangioendothelioma 血管内皮瘤neuroendocrine tumour 神经内分泌瘤Leiomyosarcoma 平滑肌肉瘤malignant fibrous histiocytoma 恶化纤维组织细胞瘤nodular tumors 结节性肿瘤cachexia 恶液质sterilize 灭菌,消毒surgical radicality 手术的根治性angiogenetic 血管生成angiogenic 血管源性的，生成血管的antiangiogenic 抗血管生成的chemosensitization 化疗增敏photosensitizer 感光剂,光敏剂irradiation 放射，照射conformational radiotherapy 适形放射治疗brachytherapy 短距离放射治疗stereotactic 立体定位的,立体定向的interventional radiology 介入放射学oxaliplatin 奥沙利铂doxorubicin 多柔比星gemcitabine 吉西他滨immunosuppressant 免疫抑制剂Portography 门静脉造影术contrast agent 对比剂,造影剂lipiodol 碘油Iodophor 碘伏cystic duct 胆囊管choledochal duct 胆总管choledochal cysts 胆总管囊肿Choledocholithiasis 胆总管结石hepatolithiasis 肝内胆管结石病oriental cholangiohepatitis 东方人胆管肝炎Biliary malformation 胆管畸形Liver fluke 肝吸虫protocol 治疗方案therapeutic regimen 治疗方案Palliative Treatment 姑息治疗Signs and Symptoms 体征和症状plethora 多血症,多血质Differential Diagnosis 鉴别诊断Randomized Controlled Trials 随机对照试验enterocinesia 肠动,肠蠕动Ligation 结扎术luminal obstruction 官腔阻塞screening 普检,筛查,筛选predisposing factor 易感因素enhanced susceptibility 增强易感性hyperbaric oxygen treatment 高压氧治疗asymptomatic 无症状的indolent 无痛的Intractable Pain 顽固性疼痛visceral 内脏的steatosis 脂肪变性latency 潜伏期side effects 副作用decompensation 失代偿anoxia 缺养症anoxic 缺氧的anoxemia. 缺氧血症;血缺氧ischemia 局部缺血,缺血Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury 缺血再灌注损伤ischemic change 缺血性改变anemia 贫血pyogenic 化脓的purulent 化脓性,脓性的hepatomegaly 肝肿大umbilical fissure 裂脐cytokine 细胞因子neuropeptide 神经肽neurotransmitter 神经递质fluorescence in situ hybridization 荧光原位杂交necrosis 坏死necrocytosis 细胞坏死apoptosis 凋亡apoptotic 细胞凋亡的desmoplastic reaction 纤维成形性反应oncogene 癌基因Suppressor Genes 抑制基因genetic 遗传的epigenetic change 基因外改变hypermethylation 超甲基化sequential occurrence 顺序发生stepwise 分步的,分段的,逐步的mesenchymal 间质morphology 形态atypia 非典型,异型性Phenotype 表型dehydration 脱水paraffin 石蜡impregnation 浸渍,受精,受孕embedding 包埋,埋植serial section 连续切片anesthesia 麻醉anesthesiology 麻醉学anesthetist 麻醉师palpation 触诊orifice 管口,口,小孔one orifice 一个管口intubate 插管pancreatic secretion 胰腋centrifuge 离心,,离心机cannulation 管子reactive oxygen species 活性氧recanalization 再通，再穿通Celiac Plexus 腹腔丛arteriolar 微动脉的,小动脉的Collateral Circulation 侧支循环intima 内膜subintimal 内膜下的mitochondria 线粒体multifocal 多病灶的endemic 地方性的amenable 适合的more specifically 更具体地说mainstay 主要依据kink 扭折,纽结lethal 致命的peculiarity 特性armamentarium 医疗设备,设备demarcate 划界线,分开,区别paucity 资料贫乏migration 移位interim report 中期报告nihilistic 虚无主义的enigmatic 难理解的，神秘的occult 隐匿的，潜隐的autopsy 尸检detritus 腐屑,腐质,碎屑antegrade 顺行的retrograde逆行的endogenous 内源的,内生的exogenous 外源的,外生的intracorporeal 体内的extracorporeal 体外的autocrine 自分泌paracrine 旁分泌xenogenic 异体的,异种的cryptogenic 隐原性的,原因不明的insidiously 隐袭地congenital 先天的,天生的hereditary 遗传的,遗传性的pitfall 缺陷Biliary anomalies 胆道畸形cholecystolithiasis胆囊结石cholecystitis 胆囊炎choledocholithiasis 胆总管结石total bilirubin总胆红素unconjugated bilirubin 游离胆红素conjugated bilirubin 结合胆红素bile plug 胆栓sinusoid 血窦，窦状隙sinusoidal 血窦的窦状隙的transjugular 经颈静脉的portosystemic shunt 门体分流术hepatic coma 肝昏迷hyperammonaemia 高氨血症hypoalbuminemia 低白蛋白血症neuropsychiatric 神经精神性的confusion 意识错乱,意识模糊disorientation 定向障碍astrocyte 星形胶质细胞inflammatory mediator 炎症介质neutrophil (neutrophilic granulocyte) 嗜中性粒细胞macrophage 巨噬细胞phagocyte 吞噬细胞phagocytosis 吞噬作用mitogen 促细胞分裂原,有丝分裂原reticuloendothelial system 网状内皮系统Synthase 合酶dysregulation 调节异常,失调chromosome 染色体nuclear atypia 核异型nucleotide 核苷酸mitochondria 线粒体mitochondrial 线粒体的microsome 微粒体microsomal 微粒体的detoxify 去毒, 解毒，戒烟毒detoxification 解毒(作用),脱毒,戒毒治疗carcinogen 致癌物mutagen 诱变剂,致突变原carbohydrate antigen 糖类抗原标志物,糖链抗原glycoprotein 糖蛋白extirpation 摘除malignant transformation 恶变,恶性转化forceps biopsy 钳夹活检,钳夹活检术transpapillary 经十二指肠乳头stenosis 狭窄stenotic 狭窄的patency rate 通畅率vasculature 脉管系统diffuse intravascular coagulation 弥散性血管内凝血 (DIC) coagulant and fibrinolytic systems 凝血和纤溶系统circulatory disturbance 循环紊乱Vascular Permeability 血管通透性vasodilatation 血管扩张vasopressor 血管升压类药物vasopressin 加压素endothelin 内皮缩血管肽prostaglandin 前列腺素Saphenous Veins 隐静脉renin 肾素angiotensin 血管紧张素aldosterone 醛固酮oestrogen (estrin) 雌激素progestogen (progestin) 孕激素androgen (androtin) 雄激素testosterone 睾酮acute tubular necrosis 急性肾小管坏死oedema 水肿oliguria 少尿症diuretic(a) 利尿剂haemofiltration 血液滤过dialyse 透析dialysate (Dialysis Solutions) 透析液acute respiratory distress syndrome 急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)diaphragm 横隔dyspnea 呼吸困难pulmonary oedema 肺水肿ventilatory dysfunction 通气功能障碍Total Parenteral Nutrition 全胃肠外营养enteral nutrition 肠道营养malabsorption 吸收不良venoplasty 血管成形术hematoma 血肿perforation 穿孔paracentesis 穿刺,穿刺术granulomatous inflammation 肉芽肿性炎症Bacterial Translocation 细菌移位the administration of antibiotics 抗生素的应用prophylactic antibiotics 预防性抗生素synbiotic therapy 合生元治疗free radical 自由基lactate 乳酸盐malaise 不适感,全身乏力episode 发作idiopathic 特发性的,自发性的tracer 示踪剂relaparotomy 再手术mild to moderate 轻度到中度multifactorial 多因子的,多因素的iohexol 碘海醇procaine 普鲁卡因lidocaine 利多卡因analgesia 镇痛dehiscence 裂开cryopreserved 冷藏保存的discriminant analysis 判别分析cadaveric 尸体的subjects 受试者obliteration 涂去,抹消,删除milieu 环境,境界potent 有力的,有效的schematic diagram 示意图,原理图misidentification 错误认同,错认algorithm 公式,算法,推导strong echo 强回声acoustic shadow 声影hyperecho(ic) 高回声（的）isoecho(ic) 等回声（的）hypoecho(ic) 低回声（的）anecho(ic) 无回声（的）aseptic technique 无菌术asepsis 灭菌antisepsis 消毒emergency operation 急诊手术confine operation 限期手术selective operation 择期手术evidence-based medicine 循证医学polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 聚合酶链反应inquiry 问诊chief complaints 主诉history collection 病史采集history of present illness 现病史past history 既往史personal history 个人史marital history 婚姻史menstrual history 月经史child bearing history 生育史family history 家族史physical examination 体格检查inspection 视诊palpation 触诊percussion 叩诊auscultation 听诊abdominal pain 腹痛abdominal distension 腹胀diarrhea 腹泻constipation 便秘nausea 恶心vomit 呕吐stool 大便urine 小便aspiration 误吸asphyxia (apnea) 窒息atelectasis 肺不张arrhythmia 心律失常cardiac arrest 心脏骤停ventricular fibrillation 心室纤颤hyperthermia 高热hypothermia 低温Natrium (sodium) 钠Kalium (potassium) 钾Chlorine 氯Calcium 钙Magnesium 镁Phosphorus 磷ion 离子homoeostasis 体内平衡derangement 紊乱isotonic dehydration 等渗性缺水hypotonic dehydration 低渗性缺水hypertonic dehydration 高渗性缺水water intoxication 水中毒hyponatremia 低钠血症hypernatremia 高钠血症hypochloremia 低氯血症hyperchloremia 高氯血症hypokalemia 低钾血症hyperkalemia 高钾血症hypocalcemia 低钙血症hypercalcemia 高钙血症hypomagnesemia 低镁血症hypermagnesemia 高镁血症hypophosphatemia 低磷血症hyperphosphatemia 高磷血症metabolic acidosis 代谢性酸中毒metabolic alkalosis 代谢性碱中毒respiratory acidosis 呼吸性酸中毒respiratory alkalosis 呼吸性碱中毒hematocrit (Hct) 血细胞比容autologous blood transfusion 自体输血salvaged autotransfusion 回收式自体输血predeposited autotransfusion 预存式自体输血hemodiluted autotransfusion 稀释式自体输血cryoprecipitate 冷沉淀furuncle 疖furunculosis 疖病carbuncle 痈acute lymphangitis 急性淋巴管炎erysipelas 丹毒abscess 脓肿dermoid cancer 皮肤癌melanotic 黑痣melanoma 黑色素瘤lipoma 脂肪瘤neurinoma 神经鞘瘤neurofibroma 神经纤维瘤capillary hemangioma 毛细血管瘤angiocavernoma 海绵状血管瘤racemosum hemangioma 蔓状血管瘤sebum cyst 皮脂腺囊肿tetanus 破伤风gangrene 坏疽superinfection 二重感染septicemia 败血症debridement 清创术simple goiter 单纯性甲状腺肿hyperthyroidism 甲亢hypothyroidism 甲减mastitis 乳腺炎mastopathy 乳腺病，乳腺增生症mastectomy 乳房切除术teratoma 畸胎瘤inguinal hernia 腹股沟疝femoral hernia 股疝incisional hernia 切口疝umbilial hernia 脐疝hernia of linea alba 白线疝interloop abscess 肠间脓肿helicobacter pylory (HP) 幽门螺杆菌pyloric obstruction 幽门梗阻vagotomy 迷走神经切断术lymphoma 淋巴瘤duodenal diverticulum 十二指肠憩室intussusception 肠套叠polyps 息肉ulcerative colitis 溃疡性结肠炎rectal prolapse 直肠脱垂anorectal abscess 直肠肛管周围脓肿anal fistula 肛瘘anal fissure 肛裂haemorrhoids 痔internal haemorrhoids 内痔external haemorrhoids 外痔mixed haemorrhoids 混合痔annulus haemorrhoids 环形痔proctocolectomy 直肠与结肠切除术major operation 大手术omentum 网膜pancreaticobiliary 胰胆管的Bile canaliculus 胆小管mediastinum 纵隔quadrate lobe 方叶organic 有机的,器官的interferon 干扰素glomerular filtration rate 肾小球滤过率Fulminant Liver Failure 暴发性肝衰竭Nephrotic Syndrome 肾病综合征enteropathy 肠病,肠病变Esophageal cancer 食管癌gastroesophageal varices 胃食管静脉曲张Supine Position 仰卧位informed consent 知情同意sequelae 后遗症,转归demarcate 划界线,分开,区别postprandial 食后的to date 迄今为止regarding 关于serologic 血清学的Serology 血清学hepaplastin test 肝促凝血活酶试验urea 尿素heme 血红素anionic 阴离子的。
（完整版）普外科常用英语单词
（完整版）普外科常用英语单词普外科常用英语单词（一）1.Appendicitis 阑尾炎 /?pendi`saitis/2.intestinal obstruction 肠梗阻/in`testin?l/ /?b`strΛk∫?n/3.gastric cancer 胃癌/`g?strik/ /`k?ns? (r)/4.liver cancer 肝癌/liv? (r)/ /`k?ns? (r)/5.cholelithiasis 胆石病/,k lili`θai?sis/6.cholecystolithiasis 胆囊结石病7.choledocholith 胆总管结石8.pancreatitis 胰腺炎/,p?ηkri?`taitis/9.carcinoma of stomach 胃癌/ka:si`n?um?/ /`stΛm?k/10、carcinoma of colon 结肠癌/ka:si`n?um?/ /`k?ul?n/11、carcinoma of rectum 直肠癌/ka:si`n?um?/ /`rekt?m/12、peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡/`peptik/ /`Λls?/13、appendiceal abcess 阑尾脓肿14、thyroid tumor 甲状腺肿瘤/`θair id/ /`tju:m?/15、nodular goiter 结节性甲状腺肿/`n duil?/16、hyperthyroidism 甲状腺功能亢进/haip?`θair idzm/17、injury of abdomen 腹部损伤/`ind?ri/ /`?bd?m?n/18、injury of skin and soft tissue皮肤软组织损伤/`ind?ri//skin/ /s ft/ /`ti∫u:/19、liver injury 肝损伤 /`liv? (r)/ /`ind?ri/20、rupture of spleen 脾破裂/`rΛpt∫?/ /spli:n/21、rupture of the bowel 肠破裂/`rΛpt∫?/ /`b?u?l/22、portal hypertension 门脉高压症/`p :t?l/ /,haip?`ten∫?n/23、gastrointestinal tract bleeding胃肠道出血/,g?str?uin`testin?l/ /tr?kt/ /`bli:di?/ 24、suppurative peritonitis 化脓性腹膜炎/sΛpju?r?tiv/ /`perit?`naitis/25、gastric perforation 胃穿孔/`g?strik/ /p :f?`rei∫(?)n/ 26、cholecystitis 胆囊炎/,k lisis`taitis/27、obstructive jaundice 阻塞性黄疸/?b`strΛktiv/ /`d??:ndis/28、breast mass 乳房肿块/brest/ /ma:s/29、breast cancer 乳癌/brest/ /`k?ns? (r)/30、mammary cancer 乳癌/`m?m?ri/ /`k?ns? (r)/1.polyp of rectum 直肠胆囊息肉/`p lip/ /`rekt?m/2.adhesive ileus(mechanical)粘连性(机械性)肠梗阻/?d`hi:siv//ili?s//mi`k?nik(?)l/ 3.closed injury of abdomen腹部闭和性损伤/kl?uzd/ /`ind?ri/ /`?bd?m?n/ 4.contusion 挫伤/k?n`tju:??n//doc/b610240940.html,ceration 裂伤/,l?s?`rei∫?n/6.abdominal visceral injury腹腔脏器损伤/`?b`d min?l/ /`ind?ri/7.gastric ulcer 胃溃疡/`g?strik/ /`Λls? (r)/8.duodenal bulbar ulcer十二指肠球部溃疡/,dju: ?u`di:n?l/ /bΛlb? (r)//`Λls? (r)/9.metastatic carcinoma 转移性癌10.ascariasis of biliary tract胆道蛔虫症 /,?sk?`rai?sis//`bilj?ri//tr?kt/ 11.hapatic cyst 肝囊肿/sist/12.hapatolithiasis 肝胆管结石13.liver abscess 肝脓肿/`liv? (r)//`?bsis/14.traumatic shock 创伤性休克/tr :`m?tik//∫ k/15.hemorrhagic shock 出血性休克/∫ k/16.septic shock 感染性休克/septik/ /∫ k/17.choledochocele 胆总管囊肿18.hyperplasia of mammary glands乳腺增生 /,haip?`pleizj?//`m?m?ri//`gl?ndz/19.septicemia 败血症/septi`si:mi?/ 20.sarcoma 肉瘤/sa:`k?um?/21.primary carcinoma of liver原发性肝癌 /`praim?ri/ /ka:si`n?um?/ /`liv?(r)/22.adenocarcinoma of bile duct胆管腺癌 /`?d?n?u, ka:si`n?um?//bail//dΛkt/23.cholangitis 胆管炎/,k l?n` d?aitis/24.acute diffuse peritonitis急性弥漫性腹膜炎/?`kju:t/ /di:fju:s//perit?`naitis/ 25.abscess of peritoneum 腹腔脓肿/`?bsis/ /perit?u`ni:?m/26.pyloric obstruction 幽门梗阻/pai`l :rik//?b`strΛk∫?n/ 27.infection of incisional wound切口感染/in`fek∫(?)n /28.fat liquefaction 脂肪液化/f?t/ /,likwi`f?k∫?n /29.chronic cholecystitis 慢性胆囊炎/`kr nik/ /,k lisis`taitis/ 30.gallstone 胆石/`g :lst?un/1.stoma ulcer 吻合口溃疡/st um //Λls (r)/2. intussusception 肠套叠/,int ss `sep∫ n /2.reduction of intussusception 肠套叠复位术/ri`dΛk∫( )n/ /,int ss `sep∫ n /4. post gastrectomy 胃切除术后/p ust/ /g?s`trekt mi/5. anastomotic leakage 吻合口漏6. duodenal fistula 十二指肠残端瘘/,d ju: u`di:n l/ /fist jul /7. stess ulcer 应激性溃疡/Λls (r)/8. hemangioma 血管瘤/hi,m?nd i` um /9. laceration of scalp 头皮裂伤/,l?s `rei∫ n / /sk?lp/10 .incarcerated hernia 嵌顿性疝/,in`ka:s reitid/ /`hз:ni /11. urinary tract infection 泌尿道感染/ju rin ri/ /tr?kt/ /in`fek∫( )n /12. gangrenous appendicitis 坏疽性阑尾炎/`g?ηgrin s / / pendi`saitis/13. appendix mass 阑尾包块/ `pendiks/ /ma:s/14. cirrhosis 肝硬化/si`r usis/15. diabetes 糖尿病/dai `bi:ti:z/16. epigastrium 上腹部/,epi`g?stri m/17. epigastralgia 上腹部痛18. inferior belly 下腹/in`fi ri (r)/ /`beli/19. hypogastralgia 下腹痛20. ascending colon 升结肠/ `sendiη/ /`k ul n/21. descending colon 降结肠/di` sendiη/ /`k ul n/22. sigmoid colon 乙状结肠/`sigm id/ /`k ul n/23. emergency operation 急诊手术/i`mз: d? nsi/ / p `rei n/24. selective operation 择期手术/si`lektiv/ / p `rei n/25.chemotherapy 化疗/k i:m u`θer pi/26.non operative treatment 非手术疗法/nΛη/ / p r tiv/ /`tri:tm nt/27.palliative treatment 姑息疗法/`p?li tiv/ /`tri:tm nt/28.palliative operation 姑息性手术/`p?li tiv/ / p `rei∫( )n/29.conservative treatment 保守疗法/k n`sз:v tiv/ /`tri:tm nt/30.cholangiography 胆管造影术/k ,l?n d?I` gr fi/31.cholangiectasis 胆管扩张32.stenosis of biliary tract 胆道狭窄/`bilj ri/ /tr?kt/33.cholecystostomy 胆囊造瘘术普外科常用英语单词（四）1.appendetomy 阑尾切除术2.gastrectomy 胃切除术 /g?s`trekt mi/3.enterectomy 肠切除术/,ent `rekt mi/4.cholecystetomy 胆囊切除术5.resection of small intestine小肠切除术/ri`sek∫ n/ /in`testin/6.colectomy /k `lekt mi/ 结肠切除术7.left（right）hemicolectomy左（右）半结肠切除术8.sigmoidectomy 乙状结肠切除术 /,sigm i`dek tmi/9.hepatectomy 肝切除术 /,hep `tekt mi/10.left （right ）hemihepatectomy 左（右）半肝切除术11.lobectomy of liver 肝叶切除术 /l u`bekt mi/ /`liv( )r/12.thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除术/,θair i`dekt mi/13.partial （subtotal/total ）thyroidectomy 部分（次全/全）甲状腺切除术/`pa:∫( )l/ (/s Λb,t ut l/ /`t ut( )/) /,θair i`dekt mi/14.mastectomy 乳房（腺）切除术/m ?`stekt mi / 15.simple mastectomy单纯乳房（腺）切除术 /`simp( )l//m ?`stekt mi /16.radical operation of mastocarcinoma 乳癌根治术/`r ?dik( )l// p `rei ∫( )n//m ?st u,ka:si`n um / 17.modified radical operation 改良根治术/`m difai/ /`r ?dik( )l/ / p `rei ∫( )n/ 18.sple nectomy 脾切除术/spli`nekt mi/19.pancreatoduodenectomy 胰十二指肠切除术/doc/b610240940.html,paroscopic cholecystetomy 腹腔镜胆囊切除术 21.intestinal anastomosis 肠吻合术 /in`testin l/ /,?n st `m usis/22.gastrojejunostomy 胃肠吻合术 /g ?str ud ?id ?u:`n st mi/23.enterotomy 肠切开术 /,ent `r t mi/24.exploratory laparotomy 剖腹探查术 /eks`pl :r t( )ri/ /,l ?p `r t mi/ 25.exploratory of biliary tract 胆道探查术/eks`pl :r t( )ri/ /`bilj ri/ /tr ?kt/ 26.repair of hernia 疝修补术 /`h з:ni /27.hernial reposition 疝复位术/`h з:ni l/ /ri:p `zi ∫( )n/28.exclusion of ulcer 溃疡旷置术/ik`sklu:?( )n/ /`Λls (r)/29.porta-azygous devascularization 门-奇静脉阻断术 /p it -?zig s/30.spleen-renal venous anastomosis 脾-肾静脉吻合术 /spli:n-`ri:n( )l//`vi:n s//,?n st `m usis / 31.abdominal paracentesis 腹腔穿刺术/?b`d min l/ /,p ?r sen`ti:sis/ 32.incision and drainage of abscess 脓肿切开引流术/in`si ?( )n/ /`dreinid ?/ /`?bsis/ 33.cholelithotomy 胆石切除术普外科英语常用单词（五）1.subcutaneous injection 皮下注射/sΛbkju:`teini s//in`d?ek∫( )n/2.intramuscular injection 肌肉注射/intr `mΛskjul( )r//in`d?ek∫( )n/3.venous injection 静脉注射/`vi:n s//in`d?ek∫( )n/4.venous transfusion 静脉输液/`vi:n s/ /tr?ns`fju:z( )n/5.blood transfusion 输血/blΛd/ /tr?ns`fju:z( )n/6.sterilization 消毒7.sterilized cotton ball 消毒棉球/sterilaiz/ /`k t( )n//b :l/8.cotton stick 棉花签/`k t( )n//stik/9.gauze /g :z/ 纱布10.gauze bandage 纱布绷带 /g :z//`b?ndi d?/11.adhesive plaster 胶布/ d`hi:siv//`pla:st (r)/12.dressing change 换药/dresiη/ /t∫eind?/13.immobilization with adhesive plaster胶布固定/ d`hi:siv//`pla:st (r)/14.alcohol 酒精 /`?lk h l/15.iodine tincture 碘酊（酒）/`ai di:n//`tiηkt∫ (r)/16.physical cooling 物理降温/`fizik( )l/ 17.preoperative care 术前护理/pri:` p r tiv/ /ke (r)/18.preoperative preparation 术前准备/pri:` p r tiv//prep `rei∫( )n/19.postoperative care 术后护理/p ust:` p r tiv//ke (r)/20.nursing care 护理/n :siη//ke (r)/21.enema /`enim / 灌肠22.retention（cleaning）enema 保留（清洁）灌肠/ri`ten∫( )n/ /`enim /23.oxygen inhalation 吸氧/` ksid?( )n//,inh `lei∫ n/24.gastric tube 胃管/`g?strik/ /tju:b/25.gastric juice 胃液/`g?strik/ /d?u:s/26.gastrointestinal decompression 胃肠减压/,g?str uin`testin l//di:k m`pre∫( )n/27.intake and output volume 出入量/`inteik/ /`autput//`v lju:m/28.amount of bleeding 出血量/ `maunt/ /`bli:diη/29.amount of urine 尿量/ `maunt/ /`ju rin/30.hemospasia 抽血/,hi:m `spei/。
医学学术英语主要词汇汇总单词
医学学术英语主要词汇汇总单词VocabularyUnit 1neuron 神经元，神经细胞overload 超载，超负荷diabetes 糖尿病hypertension 高血压cholesterol 胆固醇medication 药物consultation 问诊，咨询enzyme 酶osteoporosis 骨质疏松（症）pneumonia 肺炎vaccine 疫苗prescription 处方simultaneous 同时的resident 住院医生overwhelming 巨大的，势不可挡的prioritize 确定优先顺序simulate 模拟omniscient 全知的tablet 药片eligibility 适任，合格criterion 标准prognosis 预后ward 病房，病室infectious 传染的，有传染性的hepatitis 肝炎metabolism 新陈代谢exacerbate 使加剧，使恶化relapse （旧病）复发epidemiology 流行病学intravenous 静脉内的arterial 动脉的humanitarian 人道主义的malaria 疟疾tuberculosis 肺结核integral 完整的control group 对照组famine 饥荒publicity 宣传exceed 超过compliance 服从Unit 2doom 注定microbial 微生物的vulnerable 易受伤的penicillin 青霉素regression 倒退，退步respiratory 呼吸的cholera 霍乱venue 地点mutation 变异pandemic 大流行的（病）influenza 流行性感冒antigen 抗原immune 免疫的complication 并发症infrastructure 基础设施deteriorate 恶化exotic 外国的lethal 致命的eradicate 根除prevalence 流行率toxicity 毒性immigration 移民diagnostic 诊断法pathogen 病原体chronic 慢性的gastric 胃的ulcer 溃疡pesticide 杀虫剂smallpox 天花pathogenic 致病的surveillance 监督vaccination 接种疫苗panacea 万全之策plague 瘟疫radiograph 射线照片，X光照片screen 屏幕attend to 照料，致力于be infected with 感染上... hit the headline 成为头条contribute to 捐献，有助于Unit 3tornado 龙卷风adrenaline 肾上腺素residency 专科住院医生实习期internist 内科医生autoimmune 自体免疫病assault 攻击，袭击optimal 最佳的，理想的dementia 痴呆physiology 生理学biochemistry 生物化学experimentation 实验cerebral 大脑的therapist 治疗学家allergy 过敏abdominal 腹部的mercury 汞herbicide 除草剂toxin 毒素angina 心绞痛intervention 介入，干预genetics 遗传学inevitable 必然的secondary 第二的guarantee 保证chemotherapy 化疗oncology 肿瘤学longevity 长寿replicate 复制cardiovascular cognitive 认知的hostility 敌意nurture 养育hormone 激素activate 激活hospice 善终院efficacy 效能pharmacology 药理学pharmaceutical 制药的reimbursement 偿还，报销immerse oneself in 沉浸于Unit 4integrative medicine 中西医结合complementary 补足的evaluation 评价dietary 饮食的paradigm 模式，范例acupuncture 针灸message 按摩shed light on 阐明某事nausea 恶心vomit 呕吐rehabilitation 康复syndrome 综合征asthma 哮喘outpatient 门诊病人hypothesis 假设，假说subjective 主观的practitioner 从业者intrinsic 本质的quantitative 定量的holistic 整体的fall victim to 成为...的受害者prestigious 声望很高的appendicitis 阑尾炎prioritize 优先考虑optimization 最佳化skeptical 怀疑的inpatient 住院病人anesthesia 麻醉surgical 外科的receptive 善于接受的expenditure 支出competency 能力prerequisite 先决条件obesity 肥大extract 萃取物meditation 冥想derive from 源自affordable 负担得起的irritable 过敏的prevalence 流行，普遍Unit 5 alleviate 减轻vitality 生机deceit 欺骗intuitive 直觉的repress 压抑（感情）toolbox 工具箱fragile 脆弱的strive 努力奋斗manifestation 表现manifest 证明，表明undermine 破坏rage 愤怒beverage 饮料calorie 卡（路里）intake 摄取量caffeine 咖啡因miscarriage 流产prone 易于...的mortality 死亡率gallstone 胆结石calcium 钙pyramid 金字塔yogurt 酸奶vague 模糊的unify 统一poultry 家禽deficient 不足的abandon 放弃reluctant 勉强的resolution 分辨率，决议inclination 倾向dimensional 空间的，尺寸的imbalance 不平衡nutrient 营养物curb 抑制moderate 稳健的，适度的come to terms with 妥协on a daily basis 每天（指一起共事）strive to 努力be consistent with 与...一致Unit 6personalized 个性化的palliative 缓解病痛的（疗法）anemia 贫血（症）potentially 潜在地multidisciplinary 多学科的counselor 律师veteran 老兵eligible 合格的transition 过渡，转变pulmonary 肺的curative 治疗的dialysis 透析columnist 专栏作家articulate 清楚地表达anticipation 预期stubborn 顽固的stumbling 障碍的，绊脚的obstructive 阻碍的，妨碍的obstruction 障碍物，阻塞物exhale 呼（气）in vitro 在体外。
医学英语丨外科常用词汇
医学英语丨外科常用词汇bscess 脓肿[ˈæbˌsɛs]acid-base balance 酸碱平衡[ˈæsɪd bes ˈbæləns]acidosis 酸中毒[ˌæsɪ'doʊsɪs]acute phlegmon 急性蜂窝织炎[əˈkjut 'flegmɒn]advanced life support 进一步生命支持[ædˈvænst laɪf səˈpɔrt] amide 酰胺类['æmɪd]analgesia 无痛法、止痛法[ˌænəlˈdʒi:ʒə]analgesic 止痛的、痛觉缺失的[ˌænəlˈdʒizɪk, -sɪk]analgetic 止痛药、镇痛剂[ɑ:næld'ʒetɪk]anaphylactic reaction 过敏反应[ˌænəfɪ'læktɪk riˈækʃən] anaphylactic allergic shock 过敏性休克[ˌænəfɪ'læktɪk əˈlɜ:rdʒɪk ʃɑ:k] anesthesiology 麻醉学[θi:'ɒlədʒɪ]anesthetic complications 麻醉并发症[ˌænɪsˈθɛtɪk ˌkɑmplɪ'keʃəns] anesthetic recovery room 麻醉恢复室[ˌænɪsˈθɛtɪk rɪˈkʌvəri rum]arachnoid mater 蛛网膜[ə'ræknɔɪd 'meɪtə]artificial breathing 人工呼吸[ˌɑrtəˈfɪʃəl ˈbriðɪŋ]asepsis antisepsis 无菌、无菌法、无菌术抗菌术[æ'sepsɪsˌæntɪ'sepsɪs] bacteremia 菌血症[bæktə'rɪmɪr]balanced salt solution 平衡盐溶液[ˈbælənst sɔlt səˈluʃən]basal anesthesia 基础麻醉[ˈbesəl ˌænɪsˈθiʒə]basal energy expenditure 基础能量消耗量[ˈbesəl ˈɛnədʒi ɪkˈspɛndətʃɚ] basic life support 基本生命支持[ˈbesɪk laɪf səˈpɔrt]bellydration treatment 腹水治疗blood gas analysis 血气分析[blʌd ɡæs əˈnælɪsɪs]blood pressure (BP) 血压[blʌd ˈprɛʃɚ]blood transfusion 输血[blʌd trænsˈfjuʒən]blood volume 血容量[blʌd ˈvɑljum]body fluid balance (isohydria) 体液平衡[ˈbɑ:di ˈfluɪd ˈbæləns]bowel clamp 肠钳[baʊl klæmp]towel clamp 巾钳[ˈtaʊəl klæmp]brachial plexus block 臂神经丛阻滞[ˈbrekiəl ˈplɛksəs blɑk] bradycardia 心动过缓[brædɪ'kɑ:dɪr]bronchiospasm 支气管痉挛[brɒŋtʃi:oʊs'pæzəm]bupivacaine 布比卡因[bjʊpɪvə'keɪn]carbuncle carbunculosis 疮痈病[ˈkɑ:rbʌŋkl [kɑ:bʌŋkjʊ'loʊsɪs] cardiac arrest 心跳骤停[ˈkɑrdiˌæk əˈrɛst]Cardiac Output, CO 心排血量[ˈkɑ:rdiæk ˈaʊtˌpʊ]cardiogenic shock 心源性休克[ˌkɑrdioˈdʒɛnɪk ʃɑk]Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, CPR 心肺复苏术[ˌkɑ:dɪoʊ'pʌlmənərɪ rɪˌsʌsɪ'teɪʃn]caudal anethesia 脊尾[骶管]麻醉[ˈkɔdl ˌænɪsˈθiʒə]Central Venous Pressure, CVP 中心静脉压[ˈsɛntrəl ˈvinəs ˈprɛʃɚ] cerebral resuscitation 脑复苏[səˈri:brəl rɪˌsʌsɪ'teɪʃn]clinical anesthesia 临床麻醉[ˈklɪnɪkəl ˌænɪsˈθiʒə]colloidal solution 胶体液[kə'lɔɪdəl səˈluʃən]combined balanced anesthesia 复合麻醉[kəmˈbaɪnd ˈbælənstˌænɪsˈθiʒə]Coronary Perfusion Pressure, CPP 冠状动脉灌注压[ˈkɒrən(ə)ripɚˈfjuʒən ˈprɛʃɚ]crystal solution 晶体液[ˈkrɪstəl səˈluʃən]defibrillation 除颤[ˌdi:fɪbrɪˈleɪʃn]depolarizing muscle relaxant 去极化类肌松剂diazepian 安定dicaine 丁卡因[dɪ'keɪn]epidural anesthesia 硬（脊）膜外阻滞[ˌɛpɪˈdʊrəl ˌænɪsˈθiʒə] subarachnoid anesthesia 蛛网膜下腔麻醉[ˌsʌbəˈræknɔɪd ˌænɪsˈθiʒə] diffusion anoxia 弥散性缺氧[dɪˈfjuʒən æ'nɒksɪr]Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation（DIC）弥漫性血管内凝血[dɪ'semɪneɪtɪd ˌɪntrə'væskjələ koʊˌæɡjʊ'leɪʃn]dissociative anesthesia 分离麻醉[dɪ'soʊʃɪˌeɪtɪv ˌænɪsˈθiʒə]drainage 引流[ˈdrenɪdʒ]droperidol 氟哌利多[d'roʊpraɪdl]dural mater 硬脑膜['djʊrəl 'meɪtə]。
医学常用专业英语词汇（2）
医学常用专业英语词汇（2）医学常用专业英语词汇Esophagus stricture 食道狭窄Abdominocentesis腹部穿刺术Gastric cancer 胃癌Gastritis 胃炎Gastroenteritis胃肠炎Gastrorrhagia胃出血Pyloric obstruction 幽门阻塞Duodenal Ulcer 十二指肠溃疡Peritonitis 腹膜炎Enterorrhagia 肠出血Enterorrhexis 肠破裂Appendicitis 阑尾炎Colon cancer结肠癌Proctoscopy 直肠镜检查Rectal cancer 直肠癌Anal Fistual 肛门廔管External hemorrhoid 外痔Internal hemorrhoid 内痔Excretion 排泄Hepatitis肝炎Hepatomegaly 肝肿大Gall Stone 胆结石Cholelithiasis 胆石症Liver Cirrhosis 肝硬化Ascites腹水内分泌系统 The Endocrine System Glycemia糖血症Goiter 甲状腺肿Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病Diabetes Insipidus尿崩症Bromidrosis汗臭症Pituitary Tumor 脑下垂体肿瘤神经系统 The Nervous SystemCerebral Arteriosclerosis 脑动脉硬化Cerebral Hemorrhage 脑出血Cerebral Edema 脑水肿Cerebra Palsy脑性麻痹Cerebral Thrombosis 脑栓塞Cranial Neruritis 脑神经炎Intracranial Hemorrhage 颅内出血Encephalitis 脑炎Electromyography 肌电图Neuritis神经炎Epilepsy 癜痫Trigeminal Neuralgia 三叉神经痛Rachitis 痀偻症Rachioscoliiosis脊柱侧弯Spondylitis 脊椎炎Quadriplegia 四肢麻痹Paraplegia 下半身瘫痪Immediately loss of consciousness 立即丧失意识Eye opening睁眼反应Verbal response 语言反应Motor response 运动反应Corneal reflex 角膜反射Plantar reflex 膝反射。
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文献生词ｍalｉgｎanｃyﻩﻩ恶性,恶性肿瘤hepateｃtomy ﻩ肝切除术bilirubｉｎﻩ胆红素biliｒｕｂｉｎemｉa胆红素血症Hyperbilｉｒubiｎemｉaﻩﻩ高胆红素血症Ｉｎdocｙａnine gｒeen ﻩ吲哚花青绿inｄｏcyａnｉne green retentioｎﻩ靛青绿滞留量试验hepatiｃinsｕｆｆiciencｙﻩ肝功能不全,肝功能衰退jaunｄｉcｅﻩ黄疸ｒｅtｒoｓpecｔive ｒeviｅw 回顾性调查iｎｔraｏｐeｒatiｖeﻩ手术中得,术中pａrａmｅｔers ﻩ参数Lｏgｉstｉc ReｇreｓｓioｎﻩLogｉｓｔｉc回归progｎoｓiｓ预后prｏgnostic预后得hilarﻩ门得,脐得choｌaｎgiocarcinomａ胆管上皮癌inｔｒａｈeｐａｔｉc choｌａnｇiocａrｃiｎoｍa 肝内胆管癌ａｎａtomicﻩ解剖得,解剖学得hｅpａtic hilus 肝门periｏperatiｖｅ围手术期得indicaｔｉｏｎ适应证,指征curaｔｉｖe 治愈得resｅctioｎﻩ切除术lｉｋelｉhoodﻩﻩ可能性lｉｖer functionﻩ肝功能metaｓtasiｓﻩﻩ转移hepatｏｃellulａr carcｉｎomaﻩ肝细胞癌unｅxpected 意外得,忽然得cholesｔasｉｓ胆汁淤积biｌiary draiｎagｅﻩ胆汁引流extｅnｄed hｅmihｅpaｔｅcｔｏmｙﻩ扩大半肝切除术Ｔrisegmｅntectoｍｙﻩ三段切除Chronic vｉraｌhｅpatitis 慢性病毒性肝炎cirrhosis 肝硬化seｒｕmﻩ免疫血清,血清on adｍｉssｉonﻩﻩ入院时,住医院时perｃｕtanｅｏｕsﻩ经皮得trａｎshepatiｃﻩﻩ经肝得enｄosｃopic ｂiliary ｄrainage 内镜胆管引流,内镜胆管引流术,eｎｄoscoｐｉc内窥镜得;内窥镜检查得drainagｅｔuｂｅﻩﻩ引流管,排液管porｔal vｅin ﻩ门(静)脉emｂolizａtion 栓塞,栓塞术,栓子形成perｉｔoｎeaｌ腹膜得diｓｓeｍｉｎatｉｏn 播散,散布laparotomy 剖腹手术diｓｔant ｍetastasisﻩﻩ远端转移Surｇical Proceduｒeｓﻩ外科手术aｎastomoｓiｓ吻合术enｔｅric 肠得in tｅrｍs ofﻩ以…得观点;以…得方式ｈeｍorrhage出血hemorrhaｇic 出血性得hemolｙsis 溶血ｈemolｙtic 溶血得hemａtoｌogｙ血液学ｈｅmatｏlogicaｌﻩﻩ血液得ｈeｍoｄynａmicｓﻩ血流动力学coaｇｕｌaｔion staｔus高凝状态pｒｏthｒoｍbin timｅ凝血酶原时间ａｃtｉvateｄｐaｒtial tｈromboplａsｔin tiｍｅﻩ激活部分促凝血酶原激酶时间antithｒoｍbｉnﻩ抗凝血酶tｈromｂｏlｙticﻩ溶血栓药,血栓溶解剂duration 持续时间;期间noｎlｉnear ｌｅasｔｓquａres methodﻩ非线性最小平方法ｎaｔurａl logarｉthｍﻩ自然对数ｃategorizeﻩﻩ分类galactoｓeｔolｅrance teｓtﻩ半乳糖耐量试验ｈalf lifｅﻩ半衰期puted tｏmoｇraphy ｓｃan ﻩ计算机体层摄影扫描,ＣT扫描contrａst meｄｉuｍﻩ对比剂,造影剂ｂｏlus 推注intｅgｒatｅd sｏfｔwａreﻩ集成软件vａｒiabｌesﻩﻩ变量contiｎuous vａｒiaｂle 连续变量categoｒical varｉaｂlｅﻩ分类变量unｉvaｒiatｅ单变量ｍuｌtｉvａriate 多变量ｕnivariａｔe analysｉsﻩﻩ单变量分析multivariate ａｎalｙsis 多元分析,多元统计分析steｐwｉse proceduｒｅﻩ逐步过程cｈi squarｅｔｅstﻩχ2检验,卡方检验, cｕtoff vａluｅﻩﻩ截断值OddｓRatｉoﻩﻩ比值比Ｍａnn Ｗhｉtｎｅy tｅst ﻩ曼－怀二氏检验tailed 有…尾得receiｖer operaｔｉng ｃｈarａｃteristｉc ｃuｒｖe 接受者(机)操作特征曲线morbidity ａｎd ｍoｒｔality ﻩ并发症与死亡率deｐrｅｓsion 减压in reｇard toﻩﻩ关于,至于liｖinｇrｅlaｔed liｖｅr tranｓpｌａntaｔｉｏn 活体亲属供肝肝移植术pａｒenchｙｍａﻩ实质liｖer pａrenｃhymaﻩ肝实质ｅxcrｅtｏrｙﻩ排泄得,分泌得ｐarｅnchymal 质得,主质得shrinkage 皱缩,皱缩度biotransfｏｒmaｔiｏｎﻩ生物转化adeｎosinｅｔriphｏｓｐｈａteﻩﻩ三磷腺苷ammoｎiaﻩﻩ氨Aｓparｔate Ａｍiｎotransfｅｒaｓe ﻩ天冬氨酸氨基转移酶Alaｎｉne Amｉnotraｎsfｅrａｓeﻩ丙氨酸氨基转移酶Lactate Ｄehydrogenａse 乳酸脱氢酶alkａlｉne phosphatase ﻩ碱性磷酸酶ｇlｕtamylﻩ谷氨酰基Iｎｆerｉor Ｖena Cａvａ下腔静脉abdｏminaｌaorｔａ腹主动脉Ｐａraaortｉcﻩﻩ主动脉旁得cｅｌiac axis ﻩ腹腔干coｍmonｈepａｔic ａrtｅrｙﻩﻩ肝总动脉proper ｈeｐatic ａrtｅryﻩﻩ肝固有动脉ｓuｐeｒior ｍeｓeｎｔｅric Arｔｅryﻩ肠系膜上动脉Hepaticａｒtery throｍｂoｓiｓﻩ肝动脉血栓形成pseuｄoａｎeurｙｓmﻩﻩ假性动脉瘤pｏrｔaｃａｖａl shunt 门(静脉与)腔静脉分流术aｒｔeｒialｉzation 动脉化anｇｉｏｇrapｈｙ血管造影术oｃｃlusiｏnﻩﻩ闭塞梗塞oｃcｌuded ﻩ闭塞得cｏllａteral 侧得,侧支,副得conｆluence 合流,汇流autoｌogｏus veｉn ｇraft 自体静脉移植物porｔa hｅpatｉs ﻩ肝门Porｔaｌlymph ｎｏdｅﻩ肝门淋巴结sｅcoｎd ｏrｄｅr biｌiaｒy radicｌｅs 二级胆管根lobar atrｏphyﻩﻩ肝叶萎缩ｃaudａtｅｌobe ﻩ尾状叶falcｉform ｌｉｇａmｅnｔﻩﻩ肝镰状韧带ｐｅriａmpuｌｌaryﻩ壶腹周围得Rｅtrｏｄｕodenal 十二指肠后得jejunumﻩ(jｅjｕｎａl) 空肠(得)iｌeuｍ(iｌｅaｌ) 回肠(得)coｌｏn(cｏlonic)结肠(得)ｒectuｍ(ｒeｃｔaｌ)直肠(得) ａｎal canal 肛管onｃolｏgy 肿瘤学oｎｃolｏｇｉcａl 肿瘤学得ｎeoplasm 肿瘤,新生物neoｐｌasｔic ﻩ肿瘤得,新生物得neoplastic seｅｄing 肿瘤播种papilｌary ｔumorﻩ乳头瘤adeｎocａｒciｎoma 腺癌ｃｙｓｔadｅnomａ囊腺瘤ｔestis 睾丸gaｓｔrinoma 胃泌素瘤squａmous cell cａrcinomａﻩ鳞状细胞癌carcinｏid tuｍorsﻩﻩ类癌sarｃoｍａﻩ肉瘤focal nodular ｈypeｒplasｉa (FNH)ﻩﻩ局灶性结节性增生ｐarenchymａl diseａse 器质性疾病ａｄvanｃeｄcancer 晚期癌症weｌｌdifferentiatedﻩﻩ分化良好nｏｄｕｌe ﻩ结节nodal ｍetaｓtaｓｅs淋巴结转移therａpeutiｃeffｅｃｔﻩﻩ疗效nｅoadjuvａｎt chemothｅrapy 新辅助化疗ｒａdｉofrequencｙablaｔｉon ﻩ射频消蚀aｒteｒial cheｍoｅmbolｉzaｔｉｏnﻩ动脉化疗性栓塞ｉｎfiltratinｇﻩ浸润macrosｃopｉcallyﻩ肉眼［检查]得;目视得ｃarcinoemｂryｏnic antiｇen 癌胚抗原ｉnｄicatioｎ适应症指征contraindicatｉoｎﻩ禁忌证prｅoｐeｒaｔive woｒkup 术前全面评估postoperativｅmorｂｉdity ratｅ术后并发症发生率opeｒativｅappｒoachﻩﻩ手术入路raｄｉｃal operationﻩ根治术,根治性手术en bloc 整个地,整块地inｏperableﻩ不能手术得,不能做手术得palｌｉａｔｉvｅﻩﻩ姑息得diａgnoｓtic ｌaparoscopｙﻩ诊断性腹腔镜检查non－therａpeutiｃlaparotoｍｙ非治疗性剖腹探查术iｎvａｓivｅtechniqｕeｓ微创技术prｏcedural plicatｉoｎｓ手术并发症pａncｒeaticoduodenｅctoｍyﻩﻩ胰十二指肠切除术Aｄrenaleｃtomy ﻩ肾上腺切除术ｔhrombeｃtomyﻩ血栓摘除术lymphadenecｔoｍyﻩ淋巴结切除术Lｙmph Nｏｄe Diｓsｅｃｔionﻩﻩ淋巴结清扫术lyｍph noｄe hａrvesｔ淋巴结清扫eｎｄto sｉde anaｓtomｏsis 端侧吻合术ｈepatiｃojejuｎostｏｍyﻩ肝空肠吻合术chｏlｅcystecｔomy 胆囊切除术Caudate lobｅctｏmｙﻩ尾状叶切除术raｄｉoｐhａrｍaceｕtical agentﻩﻩ放射性药剂iodizeｄoiｌﻩ碘化油aｂsoｌuｔe eｔｈａｎoｌﻩﻩ无水乙醇sciｎｔigraphｙ闪烁扫描术helicａl 螺旋得,螺旋状,螺旋状得cross ｓeｃtional imaging ﻩ横断层面成像magneｔic reｓonａnｃe imaｇing (MRＩ)磁共振成像eｎdoscopy reｔrograde cｈolaｎgiopaｎcｒｅａｔｏgraphy(ERＣＰ)ﻩ内镜下逆行胆胰管造影magnetic resｏnance cｈolａnｇｉopancreatｏgrａｐhｙ(MRCP)磁共振胰胆管成像ｉntraoperativeｕltrasonｏgraphyﻩ术中超声检查法ｃontrａｓt ｅnhanced ｃoｍputed tomograｐhy对比增强扫描CT ｐosｉtron emissioｎtoｍograpｈy PEＴ正电子发射断层扫描cholangiogrａmﻩﻩ胆管造影Recuｒrencｅ复发foｌlow up 随访cｏnｃomitａｎtﻩ伴发得,附随得orbｉdiｔｉes ﻩ并存病bleｅdingﻩ出血,流血extravａsatioｎ外渗,溢出hemｏｂｉｌiａﻩﻩ胆道出血biｌｉaｒy fistｕｌaﻩ胆瘘ｐleural effuｓｉon 胸腔积液luｎg eｄemaﻩ肺水肿splenｏｍegaｌｙﻩﻩ脾肿大hyｐeｒsplenismﻩ脾功能亢进ｈepatｉc ｅnｃeｐｈaloｐathyﻩ肝性脑病asｃｉｔesﻩﻩ腹水suｂpｈrenｉｃａｂｓceｓsﻩﻩ膈下脓肿enｄotoｘaemiａ内毒素血症mｙocaｒdiaｌinfａrｃtiｏnﻩﻩ心肌梗死pyreｘｉalﻩ发热得ｈypoｔｈeｒmic 低体温得Biliary Ｓｔrｉctuｒe 胆管狭窄sｔeatｏhepatitis ﻩ脂肪性肝炎fａｔty livｅr 脂肪肝aｄｉpose ｔｉｓsuｅﻩ脂肪组织pｒiｍary scｌｅrｏsing ｃｈolanｇitｉsﻩﻩ原发性硬化性胆管炎aｎgｉnaﻩ心绞痛seｐｓisﻩ败血症,脓毒症peｒfusion 灌注ex vivo ﻩ离体,在活体外inｓituﻩ原位rigｈｔuｐpｅr quａｄrant ﻩ右上象限pｒｏｘiｍalｐart ﻩ近心端pｅrｉnｅurａl 神经周围得bifurｃａtｉon ﻩ二根分叉部,分岔ipsｉlateral 身体得同侧得,同侧得Iｎsｔｉtuｔｉｏnal Rｅview Boaｒd 机构审查委员会Ｅthiｃs Cｏｍmｉtｔeｅsﻩ伦理学委员会prｅdｉspｏse tｏ易患,使易感染、诱发ｐlatｅletﻩ血小板hypeｒalimｅntａtionﻩ高营养支持ｃirrhoｔicﻩ硬变得morbidiｔy 并发症,发病率medｉｃａｔiｏnｓﻩ用药ｄislodge ﻩ移去,逐出,取出gonadalﻩﻩ性腺得,生殖腺得Histｏlogicﻩ组织学得ｆrｏｚen sｅctiｏnﻩﻩ冰冻切片ａtrｏpｈｙﻩﻩ萎缩hyｐertropｈy ﻩ肥大,过度生长proliferatioｎ增生,增殖hyperplasia 增生;数量性肥大Stem cｅlls 干细胞ｂone marrowｄerivｅdﻩ骨髓衍生得ｅｐｉthelium 上皮,上皮细胞ｅｎcａｓed ﻩ包裹ｒecoｎstruction 重建,再造,重构inflaｍｍａtｏry 炎症性得ｂroａｄspectruｍantibioticsﻩﻩ广谱抗菌素ｂｌoｏｄculturｅﻩ血培养ＧraｍＮｅgａtive bａｃilｌｕｓﻩ革兰阴性［芽胞]杆菌ｃｕtｓuｒfaceﻩﻩ切面ｓｔent 支架catheter 导管dirｅct ｃannｕｌation 直接插管ｓpectｒopｈotomｅtｅr 分光光度计rupture 破裂,ｖｔ。