大学计算机基础 重要缩写
计算机常见英文缩写
计算机常见英文缩写Virtue carries wealth. On the morning of November 2, 2022计算机常用英文缩写3DPA—3D Positional Audio—3D定位音频3DS—Three Dimension Studio—三维摄影室AAT—Average Access Time—平均存取时间ABS—Auto Balance System—自动平衡系统AC—Alternating Current—交流电ACOPS—Automatic CPU Overheat Prevention System—自动CPU过热预防系统ACPI—Advanced Configuration And Power Interface—高级配置与电源接口ADC—Analog To Digital Convent—模数转换器ADIMM—Advanced Dual In-line Memory Modules—高级双重内嵌式内存模块ADO—ActiveX Data Object—ActiveX数据对象ADSL—Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line—非对称数字用户路线AE—Atmospheric Effect—雾化效果AGP—Accelerated Graphics Port—加速图形接口AGU—Address Generation Unit—地址产生单元AHA—Accelerated Hub Architecture—加速中心架构AH—Authentication Header—鉴定头文件AI—Artificial Intelligence—人工智能AL—Artificial Life—人工生命ALU—Arithmetic Logic Unit—算术逻辑单元ANSI—American National Standard Institute—美国国家标准协会AOL—American Online—美国在线APIC—Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller—高级程序中断控制器APM—Advanced Power Management—高级电源管理APP—Accelerated Parallel Processing—AMD加速并行处理技术APPE—Advanced Packet Parsing Engine—高级数据包解析引擎ARP—Address Resolution Protocol—地址解析协议ASC—Anti Static Coating—防静电涂层ASCII—American Standard Code For Information Interchange—美国信息交换标准代码ASIC—Application Specific Integrated Circuit—特殊应用集成电路AST—Average Seek Time—平均寻道时间ATAPI—Advanced Technology Attachment Packet Interface—高级技术附加数据包接口ATL—ActiveX Template Library—ActiveX模版库ATM—Asynchronous Transfer Mode—异步传输模式AV—Analog Video—模拟视频AVI—Audio Video Interleave—音频视频插入B2C—Business To Custom—商家对客户BASIC—Beginner—All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code—初学者通用符号指令代码BBS—Bulletin Board System—公告牌系统BCF—Boot Catalog File—启动目录文件BGA—Ball Grid Array—球栅阵列BIF—Boot Image File—启动映像文件BIOS—Basic Input Output System—基本输入输出系统BIS—Boot Integrity Service—启动整体服务BMS—Black Matrix Screen—超黑矩阵屏幕BOPS—Billion Operation Per Second—十亿次计算每秒BPT—Branch Prediction Table—分支预测表BTB—Branch Target Buffer—分支目标缓冲CAD—Computer Aided Design—计算机辅助设计CAE—Computer Aided Engineering—计算机辅助工程CAI—Computer Aided Instruction—计算机辅助教学CAM—Common Access Mode—公共存取模型CAM—Computer Aided Manufacturing—计算机辅助制造CBIC—Cell based Integrated Circuit—基于单元的集成电路CC—Companion Chip—同伴芯片CCD—Charge Coupled Dvice—电流连接设备CCM—Call Control Management—拨号控制管理CC-NUMA—Cache Coherent Non Uniform Memory Access—连贯缓冲非统一内存寻址CCT—Clock Cycle Time—时钟周期CDMA—Code Division Multiple Access—码分多址CDR—Compact Disc Recordable—可刻录光盘CD-ROM—Compact Disc Read Only Memory—光驱CD-RW—Compact Disc Rewriter—刻录机CDSL—Consumer Digital Subscriber Line—消费者数字订阅线路CE—Consumer Electronic—消费电子CEM—Cube Environment Mapping—立方环境映射CEO—Chief Executive Officer—首席执行官CG—Computer Graphic—计算机生成图像CGI—Common Gateway Interface—通用网关界面CHRP—Common Hardware Reference Platform—公用硬件平台CIEA—Commercial Internet Exchange Association—商业英特网交易协会CIR—Committed Information Rate—约定信息速率CISC—Complex Instruction Set Computing—复杂指令集计算机CLV—Constant Linear Velocity—恒定线速度CMOS—Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor—互补金属氧化物半导体存储器COB—Cache On Board—板上集成缓存COD—Chip On Board—芯片内集成缓存COM—Component Object Model—组件对象模型COO—Chief Organization Officer—首席管理官CPGA—Ceramic Pin Grid Array—陶瓷针形栅格阵列CPLD—Complex Programmable Logic Device—复杂可编程逻辑器件CPS—Characters Per Second—每秒字符数CPU—Central Processing Unit—中央处理器CRC—Cyclical Redundancy Check—循环冗余检查CRM—Custom Relationship Management—客户关系管理CRT—cathode Ray Tube—阴极射线管CSE—Configuration Space Enable—可分配空间CSS—Cascading Style Sheets—层叠样式表CTO—Chief Technology Officer—首席技术官CTS—Carpal Tunnel Syndrome—腕管综合症CUDA—Computer Unified Device Architecture—计算机统一装置结构CVS—Computer Visual Syndrome—计算机视觉综合症DAC—Dual Address Cycle—双重地址周期DAE—Digital Audio Extraction—数字音频抓取DB—Deep Buffer—深度缓冲DCD—Dynamic Content Delivery—动态内容推送DC—Domain Controller—域控制器DCE—Data Communication Equipment—数据通信设备DCOM—Distributed Component Object Model—分布式组件对象模型DCT—Display Compression Technology—显示压缩技术DDC—Display Data Chanel—显示数据通道DDN—Digital Data Network—数字数据网DDR—Double Data Rate—双倍速率DDSS—Double Dynamic Suspension System—双层动力悬吊系统DEC—Direct Etching coating—表面蚀刻涂层DES—Data Encryption Standard—数据加密标准DFP—Dynamic Feedback Protocol—动态反馈协议DHCP—Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol—动态主机配置协议DIB—Dual Independent Bus—双独立总线DIC—Digital Image Controller—数字图像控制DIMM—Dual Inline Memory Module—双列直插内存模块DIP—Double In-line Package—双列直插式封装DIR—Direct Infrastructure rendering—基层直接渲染DLL—Dynamic Link Library—动态数据链接库DLP—Digital Light Process—数字光处理DME—Direct Memory Execute—直接内存执行DMI—Desktop Management Interface—桌面管理界面DMI—Dynamic Method Invocation—动态方法调用DNS—Digital Nervous System—数字神经系统DNS—Domain Name System—域名系统DOS—Disk Operating System—磁盘操作系统DP—Dual Processor—双处理器DPI—Dots Per Inch—每英寸点数DPMS—Display Power Management Signal—显示能源管理信号DQL—Dynamic Quadrapole Lens—动态四极镜DRC—Design Rule Check—设计规则检查DSD—Direct Stream Digital—直接比特流数字DSL—Digital Subscriber Line—数字用户专线DSP—Digital Signal Processing—数字信号处理DST—Drive Self Test—驱动自检程序DTD—Document Type Definition—文件类型定义DTE—Digital Terminal Equipment—数据终端设备DVD—Digital Versatile Disc—数字多功能光DVD—Digital Video Disc—数字视频光盘DVD-RAM—Digital Versatile Disc Random Access Memory—DVD随机存储器DVI—Digital Video Interface—数字视频接口E3—Electronic Entertainment Expo—美国E3大展EAX—Environment Audio Extension—环境音效扩展EB—Expansion Bus—扩展总线EBR—Excess Burst Rate—超频突发速率ECC—Elliptical Curve Crypto—椭圆曲线加密EC—Embedded Controller—嵌入式控制ECP—Extended Capabilities Port—扩展并行口ECTS—European Computer Trade Show—欧洲计算机商贸展示会EDIF—Electronic Design Interchange Format—电子设计交换格式EEPROM—Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory—电擦可编程只读存储器EFEAL—Extension Field Elliptically Aperture Lens—可扩展扫描椭圆孔镜头EIDE—Enhanced Integrated Driver Electronic—增强电子集成驱动器EISA—Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture—增强工业标准架构EMI—Electromagnetic Interference—电磁干扰EMP—Emergency Management Port—紧急事情管理端口EPP—Enhanced Parallel Port—增强并行口EPU—Energy Processing Unit—能耗调控单元ERC—Electronic Rule Check—电气规则检查ERP—Enterprise Resource Planning—企业资源计划ERP—Estimated Retail Place—估计零售价ESCD—Extended System Configuration Data—扩展系统配置数据FADD—Floating Addition—浮点加FAT—File Allocation Table—文件分配表FBC—Frame Buffer Cache—帧缓冲缓存FCPGA—Flip Chip Pin Grid Array—反转芯片针脚栅格阵列FDBM—Fluid Dynamic Bearing Motor—液态轴承马达FDC—Floppy Disk Controller—软盘控制装置FDD—Floppy Disk Drive—软盘FDIV—Floating Divided—浮点除FDM—Frequency Division Multiplexing—频分多路复用FIR—Finite Impulse Response—有限推进响应FMUL—Floating Multiplication—浮点乘FMV—Full Motion Video—全动态影像FPGA—Filed Programmable Grate Array—现场可编程门阵列FPS—First Person Shooting—第一人称射击FPU—Floating Processing Unit—浮点运算单元—Frames Per Second—每秒传输帧数FRICC—Federal Research Internet Coordinating Committee—联邦调查因特网协调委员会FSAA—Full Scene Anti—aliasing—全景抗锯齿FSE—Frequency Shifter Effect—频率转换效果FSM—Finite Status Machine—有限状态机FSUB—Floating Subtraction—浮点减FTP—File Transfer Protocol—文件传输协议FWH—Firmware Hub—固件中心GDI—Graphic Device Interface—图形设备接口GIF—Generalized Timing Formula—一般程序时间GMCH—Graphic Memory Control Hub—图形内存控制中心GMR—Giant Magneto Resistive—巨型磁阻GPF—Generation Protection Fault—一般保护性错误GPS—Global Positioning System—全球定位系统GPU—Graphic Processing Unit—图形处理器GSM—Global System For Mobile Communication—全球移动通讯系统GUI—Graphical User Interface—图形用户界面GVPP—Generic Visual Perception Processor—常规视觉处理器HAL—Hardware Abstraction Layer—硬件抽象化层HCI—Host Control Interface—主机控制接口HCT—Hardware Compatibility Test—硬件兼容性测试HDA—Head Disk Assembly—磁头集合HDCP—High-Bandwidth Digital Content Protection—高带宽数字内容保护HDD—Hard Disk Drive—硬盘HDL—Hardware Description Language—硬件描述语言HDMI—High Definition Multimedia Interface—高清晰度多媒体接口HDSL—High-Speed Digital Subscriber Line—高速率数字用户路线HDTV—High Definition TV—高清电视HEL—Hardware Emulation Layer—硬件模拟层HiFDA—High_Capacity Floppy Disk—高容量软盘HMOS—High Performance Metal Oxide Semiconductor—高性能金属氧化物半导体HPA—High Power Amplifier—高功率放大器HPS—High Performance Server—高性能服务器HPW—High Performance Workstation —高性能工作站HRIF—Head Related Transfer Function—头部关联传输功能HTML—Hyper Text Markup Language—超文本标志语言HTPC—Home Theater Personal Computer—家庭影院电脑HTTP—Hyper Text Transmission Protocol—超文本传输协议HUD—Head Up Display—平视显示器IA—Intel Architecture—英特尔架构ICD—Installable Client Drive—可安装客户端驱动程序ICMP—Intel Control Message Protocol—英特尔控制报文协议ICU—Instruction Control Unit—指令控制单元IDCT—Inverse Discrete Cosine Transfer—非连续反余弦变换IDF—Intel Developer Forum—因特尔开发者论坛IEEE—The Institute Electrical And Electronic Engineerings—美国电气和电子工程师协会IETF—Intel Engineer Task Force—因特网工程任务组IEU—Integer Excute Unit—整数执行单元IID—Interaural Intensity Difference—两侧声音强度差别IIR—Infinite Impulse Response—无限推进响应IIS—Internet Information Service—互联网信息服务IKE—Intel Key Exchange—因特网密钥交换协议IMM—Intel Mobil Module—因特尔移动模块IP—Internet Protocol—互联网协议IPPR—Image Processing And Pattern Recognition—图像处理和模式识别IPS—In Plane Switching—平面转换IRC—Internet Relay Chat—互联网接力聊天IRQ—Interrupt Request—中断请求IRST—Intel Rapid Storage Technology—英特尔快速存储技术ISA—Industry Standard Architecture—工业标准结构ISA—Instruction Set Architecture—指令集架构ISDN—Integrated Service Digital Network—综合服务数字网络IS—Internal Stake—内置堆栈ISO—International Standard Organization—国际标准化组织ISP—Intel Service Provider—因特网服务供应商JIT—Just In Time—准时制生产JVM—Java Virtual Machine—Java虚拟机KBC—Keyboard Controller—键盘控制器LBA—Logical Block Addressing—逻辑块寻址LCD—Liquid Crystal Display—液晶显示屏LCM—LCD Module—LCD显示模组LCOS—Liquid Crystal On Silicon—硅上液晶LDAP—Lightweight Directory Access Protocol—轻权目录访问协议LDT—Lighting Data Transport—闪电数据传输LED—Light Emitting Diode—发光二极管LF—Linear Filtering—线性过滤LMDS—Local Multipoint Distributed System—局域多点分布式系统LPM—Library Parameterized Module—参数化模块库LTE—Long Term Evolution—长期演进LVDS—Low Voltage Differential Single—低压差分信号LVS—Layout Versus Schematic—版图原理图对比MAC—Media Access Controller—介质访问控制MALS—Multi Astigmatism Lens System—多重散光聚焦系统MB—Motherboard—主机板MDC—Mobile Daughter Card—移动式子卡MFC—Microsoft Foundation Classes—微软基础库MFD—Multi Function Device—多功能设备MIDI—Musical Instrument Digital Interface—乐器数字接口MIME—Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension—多用途因特网邮件扩展协议MIOC—Memory And I/O Bridge Controller—内存和I/O桥控制器MiPad—Multimodal Interactive Notepad—多语态互动式记事本MIS—Management Information System—管理信息系统MMVF—Multi-Media Video File—多媒体视频文件MPEG—Moving Picture Expert Group—运动图像专家组MPP—Massive Parallel Processing—巨量平行处理MPS—Multi Processor Specification—多重处理器规范MRP—Manufacturing Resource Planning—制造资源计划MRW—Midrange Workstation—中型工作站MSI—Microsoft Installer—微软安装程序MS—Magnetic Sensor—磁场感应器MSN—Microsoft Network—微软网络MSP—Media Stream Processor—媒体流处理器MTBF—Mean Time Before Failure—平均故障时间MTH—Memory Transfer Hub—内存转换中心MUD—Multiple User Dungeon—多用户地牢NAOC—No-Account Overclock—无效超频NAS—Network Attached Storage—网络连接式存储NAT—Network Area Translation—网络地址转换NBC—North Bridge Chip—北桥芯片NDIS—Network Driver Interface specification—网络驱动接口规范NDS—Novell Directory Service—网威目录服务NE—Netlist Extract—网表提取NIC—Network Interface Card—网络接口卡NNTP—Network News Transport Protocol—网络新闻传输协议NPC—Non Player Character—非玩着人物NT—New Technology—新技术OCR—Optical Character Recognition—光学字符识别OEM—Original Equipment Manufacturer—原始设备制造商OLGA—Organic Land Grid Array—基板栅格阵列OOP—Object Oriented Programming—面向对象的程序设计OPT—Optimized Production Technology—优化生产技术OS—Operating System—操作系统PCAV—Part Constant Angular Velocity—部分恒定角速度PCB—Printed Circuit Board—印刷电路板PCI—Peripheral Component Interconnect—外围装置连接端口PC—Personal Computer—个人计算机PC—Perspective Correction—透视纠正PDA—Personal Digital Assistant—个人数字助理PDS—Public Directory Support—公众目录支持PE—Parameter Extract—参数提取PGC—Parallel Graphic Configuration—并行图像设置PIB—Processor In a Box—盒装处理器PIC—Programmable Interrupt Controller—可编程中断控制器PICS—Platform For Internet Content Selection—英特网内容选择平台PIM—Personal Information Management—个人信息管理系统PLCC—Plastic Leadless Chip Carrier—塑料无引脚芯片载体PLD—Programmable Logic Device—可编程逻辑器件PLL—Phase Locked Loop—锁相环PNP—Plug And Play—即插即用POF—Polymer Optical Fiber—聚合体光纤POST—Power On Self Test—开机自检PPM—Pages Per Minute—每分钟打印页数PPTP—Point To Point Tunneling Protocol—点对点通道协议PQFP—Plastic Quad Flat Package—塑料方型扁平式封装PRML—Partial Response Maximum Likelihood—最大可能部分反应PSK—Pre-Shared Key—预共享密钥PSN—Processor Serial Numbers—处理器序列号PSU—Power Supply Unit—计算机电源PSW—Program Status Word—程序状态字PXE—Per-boot Execution Environment—预启动运行环境QBM—Quad Band Memory—四倍边带内存QOS—Quality Of Service—服务质量QPA—Quad Port Acceleration—四倍接口加速RADSL—Rate Adaptive Digital Subscriber Line—速率自适应数字用户路线RAM—Random Access Memory—内存随机存储器RARP—Reverse Address Resolution Protocol—反相地址解析协议RDF—Resource Description Framework—资源描述框架RISC—Reduced Instruction Ser Computing—精简指令集计算机RMA—Real Media Architecture—实媒体架构RNG—Random Number Generator—随即数字发生器ROB—Reorder Buffer—重新排列缓存区RPG—Role Playing Game—角色扮演游戏RPM—Revolution Per Minute—每分钟转数RRVP—Resource Reser Vation Protocol—资源保留协议RSD—Removable Storage Device—移动式存储设备RSDS—Reduced Swing Differential Single—小幅度摆动差动信号RTC—Real Time Clock—实时时钟RTL—Register Transmit Level—寄存器传输级RTSP—Real Time Streaming Protocol—实时流协议RTS—Real Time Strategy—即时战略RTS—Request To Send—需求发送SAM—Sales Available Market—可发售市场SAP—Sideband Address Port—边带寻址端口SATA—Serial Advanced Technology Attachment—串行高级技术附件SBC—South Bridge Chip—南桥芯片SBFS—Sample Boot Flag Specification—简单引导标记规范SCSI—Small Computer System Interface—小型计算机系统接口SC—Static Core—静态内核SCT—Software Compatibility Test—软件兼容性测试SDK—Software Development Kit—软件开发工具包SDRAM—Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory—同步动态随机存储器SDTV—Standard Definition Television—标准清晰度电视SEC—Single Edge Connector—单边连接器SEM—Spherical Environment Mapping—球形环境映射SET—Secure Electronic Transaction—安全电子交易SGML—Standard Generalized Markup Language—标准通用标记语言SIMD—SIngle Instruction Multi Data—单指令多数据SIV—System Information Viewer—系统信息观察SLI—Scanline Interleave—扫描线间插SMART—Self-Monitoring Analysis And Reporting Technology—自动检测、分析和报告技术SMB—System Management Bus—系统管理总线SMD—Surface Mount Device—表面安装设备SMIL—Synchronous Multimedia Integrated Language—同步多媒体集成语言SMIP—Simple Mail Transfer Protocol—简单邮件传输协议SMI—System Management Interrupt—系统管理中断SMM—System Management Mode—系统管理模式SMP—Symmetric Multi-Processing—对称式多重处理器架构SNMP—Simple Network Management Protocol—简单网络管理协议SNR—Single To Noise Rate—信噪比SOAC—System ON A Chip—系统集成多功能芯片SOC—System On Chip—片上系统SOI—Silicon On Insulator—绝缘体硅片SOS—Server Operating Systems—服务器操作系统SPD—Serial Presense Detect—串行存在检查SPEC—System Performance Evaluation Check—系统性能评估测试SPS—Shock Protection System—震动保护系统SP—Stack Pointing—堆栈指针SQRC—Square Root Calculation—平方根计算SRA—Symmetric Rendering Architecture—对称渲染架构SRR—Segment Register Rewrite—区段寄存器重写SRS—Sound Retrieval System—声音修复系统SSB—Super South Bridge—超级南桥芯片SSD—Solid State Disk—固态硬盘SSE—Streaming SIMD Extensions—单一指令多数据流扩展SSI—Small Scall Integration—小规模集成STB—Set Top Boxes—电视顶置盒STD—Suspend To Disk—磁盘唤醒STR—Suspend To RAM—内存唤醒STS—Switched Internet working Service—交换式网络互联服务SUA—Single User Account—单用户账号SVR—Switching Voltage Regulator—交换式电压调节TCA—Twin Cache Architecture—双缓冲结构TCO—Total Cost Of Ownership—拥有总成本TCP—Transmission Control Protocol—传输控制协议TCP—Transmission Control Protocol—传输控制协议TDP—Thermal Design Power—散热设计功耗TFT—Thin Film Transistor—薄膜晶体管TLB—Translate Look Side Buffers—翻译旁视缓冲器TOP—The Olympic Partner—奥林匹克全球合作伙伴TPS—Transactions Per Second—每秒处理事项数TQM—Total Quality Management—全面质量管理UART—Universal Asynchronous Receive/Transmitter—通用异步收发器UCC—Ultra Clear Coating—超清晰涂层UDMA—Ultra Direct Memory Access—高级直接内存访问UDP—User Datagram protocol—用户数据报协议UDP—User Datagram Protocol—用户数据报协议ULS—User Location Service—用户定位服务UPA—Ultra Port Architecture—超级端口结构UPS—Uninterrupted Power Supply—不间断电源USB—Universal Serial Bus—通用串行总线USDM—Unified System Diagnostic Manager—统一系统检测管理USWC—Uncacheabled Speculative Write Combination—无缓冲随即联合写操作VALU—Vector Arithmetic Logic Unit—向量算术逻辑单元VBI—Vertical Blanking Interval—垂直空白间隙VCMA—Virtual Channel Memory Architecture—虚拟通道内存结构VDM—Windows Driver Model—视窗驱动程序模块VDSL—Very-high-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Loop—甚高速数字用户环路VDT—Video Display Terminal—视频显示终端VESA—Video Electronic Standard Association—视频电子标准协会VFAT—Virtual File Allocation Table—虚拟文件分配表VFM—Wired For Management—有线管理VGA—Video Graphics Array—视频图形阵列VID—Voltage Identification Definition—电压识别认证VIP—Video Interface Port—视频接口VLIW—Very Long Instruction Word—超长指令集VLSI—Very Large Scale Integrated—超大规模集成电路VOD—Video On Demand—视频点播VPN—Virtual Private Network—虚拟局域网VPU—Vector Permutate Unit—向量排列单元VQTC—Vector-Quantization Texture Compression—向量纹理单元VRE—Voltage Reduction Enhance—增强型电压调节VRML—Virtual Reality Makeup Language—虚拟现实结构化语言VRM—Voltage Regulator Module—电压调整模块VSA—Virtual System Architecture—虚拟系统架构VSIS—Video Single Standard—视频信号标准VXML—Voice Extensible Markup Language—语音扩展标记语言WAIS—Wide Area Information Service—广义信息服务器WAN—Web Area Network—广域网WG—Wave Guide—波导合成Wi—Fi—Wireless Fidelity—无线保真WLAN—Wireless Local Area Network—无线局域网络WMI—Wired For Management Initiative—主动式管理线路WOL—Wake On Lan—局域网唤醒WPAN—Wireless Personal Area Network—无线个域网WSH—Windows Scripting Host—视窗脚本程序—World Wide Web—万维网XSL—Extensible Style Sheet Language—可扩展设计语言ZAM—Zero Administration For Windows—零管理视窗系统ECL—Emitter Couple Logic—射极耦合逻辑CAM—Content Addressable Memory—内容寻址存储器MIPS—Million Instruction Per Second—每秒处理百万级指令。
计算机常用术语英文缩写
计算机常用术语英文缩写1.CPU: Central Processing Unit2. RAM: Random Access Memory3. ROM: Read-Only Memory4. BIOS: Basic Input/Output System5. HDD: Hard Disk Drive6. SSD: Solid State Drive7. I/O: Input/Output8. USB: Universal Serial Bus9. VGA: Video Graphics Array10. DVI: Digital Video Interface12. IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers13. IC: Integrated Circuit14. RSS: Really Simple Syndication15. DNS: Domain Name System16. DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol17. SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol18. FTP: File Transfer Protocol19. VPN: Virtual Private Network21. POP: Post Office Protocol22. IMAP: Internet Message Access Protocol23. ARP: Address Resolution Protocol24. SQL: Structured Query Language25. RDBMS: Relational Database Management System26. BMP: Bitmap27. JPEG: Joint Photographic Experts Group28. GIF: Graphics Interchange Format29. HTML: Hypertext Markup Language30. CSS: Cascading Style Sheets31. XML: Extensible Markup Language32. API: Application Programming Interface34. MAC: Media Access Control35. LAN: Local Area Network36. WAN: Wide Area Network37. WLAN: Wireless Local Area Network38. Wi-Fi: Wireless Fidelity39. VPN: Virtual Private Network40. VoIP: Voice over Internet Protocol41. IPv4: Internet Protocol Version 442. IPv6: Internet Protocol Version 644. ATM: Asynchronous Transfer Mode45. PABX: Private Automatic Branch Exchange46. DOCSIS: Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification47. CDN: Content Delivery Network48. PBX: Private Branch Exchange49. HDD: Hard Disk Drive50. RAID: Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks51. DNS: Domain Name System52. DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol53. HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol54. HTTPS: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure55. SSL: Secure Sockets Layer56. SSH: Secure Shell57. AES: Advanced Encryption Standard58. IPS: Intrusion Prevention System59. IDS: Intrusion Detection System60. DoS: Denial of Service61. DDoS: Distributed Denial of Service62. FTP: File Transfer Protocol63. SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol64. POP3: Post Office Protocol 365. IMAP: Internet Message Access Protocol66. SNMP: Simple Network Management Protocol67. MS-DOS: Microsoft Disk Operating System68. BASIC: Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code69. GUI: Graphical User Interface70. GIS: Geographic Information System71. OCR: Optical Character Recognition72. VLSI: Very Large Scale Integration76. PLC: Programmable Logic Controller77. FSD: File System Driver78. ICD: Interface Control Document79. LAN: Local Area Network80. SAN: Storage Area Network81. ALU: Arithmetic Logic Unit82. VMM: Virtual Machine Monitor83. RTOS: Real-Time Operating System84. SCHED: Scheduler85. FIR: Finite Impulse Response86. CAN: Controller Area Network87. BCD: Binary-Coded Decimal88. EBCDIC: Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code89. ASCII: American Standard Code for Information Interchange91. ISDN: Integrated Services Digital Network92. PSTN: Public Switched Telephone Network93. WAP: Wireless Application Protocol95. NOS: Network Operating System96. WINS: Windows Internet Name Service97. P2P: Peer-To-Peer98. SEO: Search Engine Optimization99. SEM: Search Engine Marketing。
大学计算机基础知识点整理
大学计算机基础知识点整理1.CAD是计算机辅助设计的缩写,指利用计算机软件辅助进行设计制图的过程。
2.CAM是计算机辅助制造的缩写,指利用计算机软件辅助进行制造加工的过程。
3.在计算机工作时,内存用来存储当前正在使用的程序和数据,是计算机操作的关键部分。
4.机器语言和汇编语言是低级语言,是计算机硬件能够理解和执行的指令。
5.CAI是计算机辅助教学的缩写,指利用计算机技术提高教学效果的过程。
6.关闭电源后,RAM的存储内容会丢失,需要重新加载。
7.ROM是只读存储器的缩写,指存储在计算机中的只读数据。
8.8位二进制数所表示的最大无符号十进制整数为255,是计算机二进制表示中的重要概念。
9.电子元件的发展经过了电子管、晶体管、集成电路和大规模集成电路四个阶段,是计算机技术不断发展的历程。
10.计算机病毒一般具有破坏性、传染性、隐蔽性、潜伏性等特点,需要注意计算机安全。
11.根据规模大小和功能强弱,计算机可分为巨型机、大型机、中型机、小型机和微型机,是计算机分类的基本方式。
12.bit的意思是位,是计算机中最小的数据单位。
13.计算机可分为主机和外设两部分,主机是计算机的核心部分,外设是主机的配件。
14.内存储器也称为随机存储器,是计算机中存储数据的重要部分。
15.计算机主要是运算速度快、存储容量大、精度高,是现代社会不可或缺的工具。
16.存储器分为内存储器和外存储器两类,内存储器用于存储当前使用的数据和程序,外存储器用于长期存储数据和程序。
17.运算器和控制器合称为中央处理器,是计算机中最重要的部件。
18.在微型计算机中常用的总线有地址总线、数据总线和控制总线,是计算机内部信息传输的重要通道。
19.计算机的存储容量通常使用KB、MB或GB等单位来表示,是计算机性能的重要指标。
20.在计算机内部,一切信息均表示为二进制数,是计算机运行的基础。
21.根据软件的用途,计算机软件一般分为系统软件和应用软件,是计算机功能实现的基础。
计算机相关英文缩写
计算机相关英文缩写计算机领域中有很多常用的英文缩写,以下是一些常见的计算机相关英文缩写及其对应的含义。
1. CPU - Central Processing Unit (中央处理器):计算机的主要处理器,执行指令并处理数据。
2. GPU - Graphics Processing Unit (图形处理器):专门用于图像渲染和处理的硬件设备。
3. RAM - Random Access Memory (随机存取存储器):临时存储程序和数据的内部存储器。
4. ROM - Read-Only Memory (只读存储器):只能读取的存储器,包含计算机启动所需的基本信息。
5. HDD - Hard Disk Drive (硬盘驱动器):用于永久存储数据的机械存储设备。
6. SSD - Solid State Drive (固态硬盘):无机械零件的存储设备,运行速度更快。
7. USB - Universal Serial Bus (通用串行总线):一种用于连接电脑和外部设备的标准接口。
8. LAN - Local Area Network (局域网):限定在一个地理区域内的多台计算机互相连接的网络。
9. WAN - Wide Area Network (广域网):远距离地点连接的计算机网络,比如通过互联网连接的多个局域网。
10. WLAN - Wireless Local Area Network (无线局域网):使用无线通信技术连接的局域网。
11. BIOS - Basic Input/Output System (基本输入/输出系统):计算机启动时运行的固件,提供基本硬件控制和初始化功能。
12. GUI - Graphical User Interface (图形用户界面):使用图像、图标和鼠标等可视化元素进行交互的操作界面。
13. OS - Operating System (操作系统):管理和控制计算机硬件和软件资源的软件。
计算机应用中常见的缩写
应用:Web开发中 的主要协议
定义:HTTPS是一种安全的通信协议,通过使用SSL/TLS协议对传输的数据进行加密, 保证数据在传输过程中的安全。
应用场景:HTTPS广泛应用于互联网上的各类网站和应用,特别是需要传输敏感信息的 场景,如在线银行、在线购物等。
工作原理:HTTPS基于HTTP协议,通过在客户端和服务器之间建立加密的SSL/TLS连接, 对传输的数据进行加密和解密,保证数据的安全性。
定义:Linux是一 种自由和开放源 代码的操作系统
特点:具有强大 的网络功能和稳 定性,支持多用 户和多任务
应用领域:广泛 应用于服务器、 嵌入式系统、移 动设备和桌面计 算等领域
发行版:有多个 发行版可供选择, 如Ubuntu、 Fedora和Debian 等
简介:MacOS是苹果公司开发的操作系统,具有高度的稳定性和安全性。 特点:MacOS具有简洁直观的用户界面,支持多任务处理,提供丰富的应用程序和工具。 应用场景:MacOS广泛应用于苹果电脑和其他设备,适用于各种行业和个人用户。 优势:MacOS具有卓越的性能和可靠性,能够提供高效的工作和娱乐体验。
优势:HTTPS可以防止数据在传输过程中被窃取或篡改,保证数据的完整性和机密性。 同时,也可以提供身份验证机制,确保通信双方的身份真实可靠。
定义:文件传输协议,用于在网络 上进行文件的传输
应用场景:在互联网上传输文件, 如网站建设、软件更新等
添加标题
添加标题
功能:实现文件的上传和下载
添加标题
添加标题
编程语言和开发工 具缩写
编程语言:Python是一种解释型、高级编程语言 应用领域:Python被广泛应用于Web开发、数据分析、人工智能等领域 特点:Python具有简单易学、代码可读性高、语法简洁等优点 开发工具:常用的Python开发工具有PyCharm、VS Code等
计算机专业缩略词
计算机专业有很多缩略词,以下是其中一些常见的:
1. ASCII:美国信息交换标准代码,用于表示英文字符。
2. CPU:中央处理器,计算机的“大脑”。
3. RAM:随机存取存储器,临时存储设备,用于存储运行中的程序和数据。
4. ROM:只读存储器,长期存储设备,存储数据不会因断电而丢失。
5. BIOS:基本输入输出系统,计算机启动时运行的一组程序。
6. GPU:图形处理单元,用于处理图形和图像数据。
7. USB:通用串行总线,一种连接外部设备和计算机的接口标准。
8. HDMI:高清晰度多媒体接口,用于连接音频和视频设备。
9. LAN:局域网,将计算机、设备和其他网络设备连接在一起的网络。
10. WAN:广域网,将多个局域网连接在一起的网络。
以上只是一部分常见的计算机专业缩略词,实际上还有很多其他的缩略词和专业术语。
如果需要了解更多信息,建议查阅相关资料或咨询专业人士。
计算机常用名词的英文缩写
计算机常用名词的英文缩写计算机常用名词的英文缩写GUI:图形用户界面(Graphics User interface) SQL:结构化查询语言(Structured Query Language) &&用于数据库的操作用于数据库的操作. DDL:数据定义语言(Data Defini on Language) DML:数据处理语言(Data Manipula on Language) DLL:动态链接库(Dynamic link library) DIY:自己动手(Do it yourself) COP:流控制语句流控制语句 (Control-of-flow) &&SQLserver数据库中使用. DTE:数据终端设备数据终端设备 (Data Terminal Equipment) DCE:数据电路终接设备数据电路终接设备 (Data circuit-temina ng equipment) OLE:对象连接与嵌入对象连接与嵌入 (Object link and embed) PAD:装配拆卸设备装配拆卸设备 (Packet assembler disassemble) NCC:网络控制中心网络控制中心 (Network control center) IMP:接口信息处理机接口信息处理机 (Interface message processor) PSE:分组交换设备分组交换设备 (Packet switching exchanger) SCS:综合布线系统综合布线系统 (Structure cabling system) GSM:数字通信&&传统上说的'大哥大' RAM:随机存储器=>'内存'(Random Access Memory) ROM:只读存储器只读存储器 (Read-Only Memory) EDO:扩充数据输出(Extended Data Output) SDRAM:同步动态随机存储器=>同步DRAM (Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory) Cache 高速缓冲存储器,是位于CPU 和主存储器DRAM(Dynamic DRAM(Dynamic Randon Randon Randon Access Access Memory)之间,规模较小,但速度很高的存储器,通常由SRAM(Sta c SRAM(Sta c Random Random Access Memory 静态存储器)组成。
计算机英文缩写所对应的中文含义
【英文简称】1、AGP:图形系统接口Accelerated Graphics Port2、AI:人工智能Artificial Intelligence3、ALU:算术逻辑单元Arithmetic and Logic Unit;4、ASCII美国信息交换标准代码American Standard Code for Information Interchange5、ASP应用服务网页Application Server Page6、B2B商家对商家 Business to Business7、B2C商家对个人客户Business to Customer8、BIOS:基本输入/输出系统Basic Input Output System9、bit:位(0与1这两种电路状态),计算机数据最基本的单位10、Byte:字节11、C2C个人与个人之间的电子商务Customer (Consumer)to Customer(Consumer)、12、CAD:计算机辅助设计13、CAE:计算机辅助工程Computer Aided Engineering14、CAI:计算机辅助教学Computer Aided Instruction15、CAM:计算机辅助制造Computer Aided Manufacturing16、CASE:计算机辅助软件工程Computer Aided Software Engineering17、CIMS:计算机集成制造系统Computer-Integrated Manufacturing System18、CMOS:互补金属氧化物半导体Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor19、CPU:中央处理器Central Processing Unit20、CRM客户关系管理Customer Relations Management21、DB 数据库Data Base22、DBMS:数据库管理系统Database Management System23、DBS:数据库系统Database System24、DDR:双通道动态随机存储器Double Data Rate25、DHTML:动态HTML,Dynamic HTML26、DIY:自己动手作Do It Yourself27、DLL动态链接库Dynamic Link Library28、DNS:域名服务器或域名系统Domain Name System 或Domain Name Server29、DOS:磁盘操作系统Disk Operating System30、DRAM:动态随机存取存储器Dynamic Random Access Memory31、ERP企业资源计划Enterprise Resource Planning32、E-mail:电子邮件33、FAT文件分配表File Allocation Table34、FTP:文件传输协议File Transfer Protocol35、GIS地理信息系统Geographic Information System36、GUI:图形用户界面Graphics User Interface37、HTML:超文本标记语言Hypertext Markup Language;38、HTTP:超文本传输协议Hyper Text Transfer Protocol39、HUB:集线器40、IDE:集成开发环境Integrated Development Environment41、Internet:国际互联网42、Intranet:企业内部网43、IoT:物联网Internet of Things44、LAN:局域网Local Area Network45、MAN:城域网46、MIPS每秒百万条指令Million Instructions Per Second47、MIS:管理信息系统Management Information System;48、MODEM:数据卡或调制解调器Modem49、MPU:微处理器Micro Processor Uint;50、O2O:线上到线下Online to Offline51、OA:办公自动化Office Automation52、OOP:面向对象的程序设计Object Oriented Programming53、OS:操作系统Operating System54、OSI开放系统互连Open System Interconnect55、PC:个人计算机Personal Computer56、PCI:外围装置连接端口Peripheral Component Interconnect57、PnP:即插即用Plug and Play58、POP3:邮局协议Post Office Protocol59、RAID:廉价冗余磁盘阵列Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks60、RAM:随机存储器Random Access Memory61、RISC :精简指令集系统计算机Reduced Instruction Set Computer;62、ROM:只读存储器Read-Only Memory63、SATA:串行高级技术附件Serial Advanced Technology Attachment64、SCSI:指SCSI接口规格Small Computer System65、SMTP :简单邮件传输协议Simple Message Transfer Protocol66、SQL:结构化查询语言Structured Query Language ;67、SWITCH:交换机68、TCP/IP:传输控制协议/网际协议Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol69、URL:统一资源定位器Uniform Resource Locator70、USB:通用串行总线Universal Serial Bus71、WAN:广域网Wide Area Network72、WWW:万维网World Wide Web73、XML:可扩充标记语言eXtensible Markup Language。
计算机常用英语缩写意思
计算机常用英语缩写意思PC:个人计算机Personal ComputerCPU:中央处理器Central Processing UnitCPU Fan:中央处理器的“散热器”(Fan)MB:主机板MotherBoardRAM:内存Random Access Memory,以PC-代号划分规格,如PC-133,PC-1066,PC-2700 HDD:硬盘Hard Disk DriveFDD:软盘Floopy Disk DriveCD-ROM:光驱Compact Disk Read Only MemoryDVD-ROM:DVD光驱Digital Versatile Disk Read Only MemoryCD-RW:刻录机Compact Disk ReWriterVGA:显示卡(显示卡正式用语应为Display Card)AUD:声卡(声卡正式用语应为Sound Card)LAN:网卡(网卡正式用语应为Network Card)MODM:数据卡或调制解调器ModemHUB:集线器WebCam:网络摄影机Capture:影音采集卡Case:机箱Power:电源Moniter:屏幕,CRT为显像管屏幕,LCD为液晶屏幕USB:通用串行总线Universal Serial Bus,用来连接外围装置IEEE1394:新的高速序列总线规格Institute of Electrical and Electronic EngineersMouse:鼠标,常见接口规格为PS/2与USB KB:键盘,常见接口规格为PS/2与USB Speaker:喇叭Printer:打印机Scanner:扫描仪UPS:不断电系统IDE:指IDE接口规格Integrated Device Electronics,IDE接口装置泛指采用IDE接口的各种设备SCSI:指SCSI接口规格Small Computer System Interface,SCSI接口装置泛指采用SCSI接口的各种设备GHz:(中央处理器运算速度达)Gega赫兹/每秒FSB:指“前端总线(Front Side Bus)”频率,以MHz为单位ATA:指硬盘传输速率AT Attachment,ATA-133表示传输速率为133MB/secAGP:显示总线Accelerated Graphics Port,以2X,4X,8X表示传输频宽模式PCI:外围装置连接端口Peripheral Component InterconnectATX:指目前电源供应器的规格,也指主机板标准大小尺寸BIOS:硬件(输入/输出)基本设置程序Basic Input Output SystemCMOS:储存BIOS基本设置数据的记忆芯片Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor POST:开机检测Power On Self TestOS:操作系统Operating SystemWindows:窗口操作系统,图形接口DOS:早期文字指令接口的操作系统fdisk:“规划硬盘扇区”-DOS指令之一format:“硬盘扇区格式化”-DOS指令之一setup.exe:“执行安装程序”-DOS指令之一Socket:插槽,如CPU插槽种类有SocketA,Socket478等等Pin:针脚,如ATA133硬盘排线是80Pin,如PC2700内存模块是168Pin Jumper:跳线(短路端子)bit:位(0与1这两种电路状态),计算机数据最基本的单位Byte:字节,等于8 bit(八个位的组合,共有256种电路状态),计算机一个文字以8 bit来表示KB:等于1024 ByteMB:等于1024 KBGB:等于1024 MBAPI(Application Programming Interface)应用程序接口AWT(Abstract Windowing Toolkit)抽象窗口工具CGI(Common Gateway Interface)公共网关接口DLL(Dynamic Link Library)动态链接程序库DOS(Disk Operating System)磁盘操作系统FTP(File Transfer Protocol)文件传输协议GIF(Graphics Interchange Format)图形交换格式GUI(Graphical User Interface)图形用户接口HTML(Hypertext Markup Language)超文本标记语言HTTP(Hypertext Transfer Protocol)超文本传输协议IDE(Integrated Development Environment)集成开发环境ISP(Internet Service Provider)因特网服务提供者JDK(Java Development kit)java开发工具JIT(Just-In-Time)(Java bytecode compiler)即时(java编译器)JPEG(Joint Photography Engineering Group)联合图像专家组JVM(Java Virtual Machine)java虚拟机MIME(Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension)多用途的网际邮件扩充协议POP(Post Office Protocol)邮件协议SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)简单邮件传输协议TCP/IP(Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)传输控制协议/网际协议URL(Uniform Resource Locator)统一资源定位器WWW(World-Wide web)万维网Y2K(year 2 Thousand)2000年3G 第三代移动通信业务A/D Analog/Digital 模拟/数字AB Address Bus 地址总线AC Alternating Current 交流电AC×97 Intel推荐的音频电路系统标准AC-3 由Dolby实验室制定的一个音频标准ACPI Advanced Configuration and Power Interface 高级配置和电源管理界面ACS Accounting Control System 记帐管理系统(Univac公司)[统计控制系统] Adaptive Computer System 自适应计算机系统Advanced Connectivity System 先进布线系统Alternating Current Synchronous 交流同步Automatic Coding System 自动编码系统ActiveX ActiveX 微软倡导的ActiveX 网络化多媒体对象技术ADCCP 高级数据通信控制规程ADO ActiveX Data Objects Microsoft的一种新的数据访问模型ADP Automatic Data Processing 自动数据处理ADPCM 自适应音频脉冲编码ADSL Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Loop 非对称数字用户环线Analog to Digital Simulation Language 模-数模拟语言Asymmetric digital Subscriber Line 异步数字用户线ADTS 抽象数据类型Automated Data and Telecommunications Service 自动数据和远程通信服务AGP Accelerated Graphics Port 加速图形接口AI Artificial Intelligence 人工智能ALI Asynchronous Line Interface 异步线路接口Automatic Location Identification 自动位置识别ALT Alternate Key 备用键Automatic Line Test 线路自动测试ALU Arithmetic and Logic Unit 算术与逻辑部件[运算器,算术逻辑单位]AMD Advanced Micro Device (美国)AMD公司(生产半导体及芯片)Air Movement Data 空气运动数据Analog Memory Device 模拟存储器件Associative Memory Data 相联存储数据Associative Memory Device 相联存储器件AMI Access Method Interface 存取方法接口Alternate Mark Inversion 传号交替变换American MIcro system 美国微型系统AMR Audio/Modem Riser 声音、调制解调器插卡Arithmetic Mask Register 运算屏蔽寄存器Automatic Message Recording 自动信息记录Automatic Message Registering 自动信息[报文]挂号[登记]AN Access Network 接入网ANSI American National Standards Institute 美国国家标准协会[美国国家标准局] AOL American On-Line 美国在线服务公司All On-Line 全部联机APC Adaptive Predictive Coding 自适应预测编码(法,技术)Angular Position Counter 角位置计数器Associative Processor Controller 相联处理机控制器Automatic Peripheral Control 自动外(围)设(备)控制(器)Automatic Program Control 自动程序控制API Application Program Interface 应用程序接口[应用程式界面]APM Advanced Power Management 高级电源管理Automatic Predictive Maintenance 自动预测性维护Automatic Programming Machine 自动程序设计机APNIC 亚太互联网络信息中心APPC Advanced Program to Program Communications 先进的程序间通信技术[方法,(子)系统,协议,程序]Automatic Power Plant Checker 电源设备自动检验器APTC 美国的Sylvan授权考试中心ARPA Advanced Research Project Agency 高级研究计划局[(美国)高等研究计划署]ARX Automatic Retransmission eXchange 自动重发交换机ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange 美国信息交换标准代码ASP Active Server Pages 动态网页应用服务提供商ATL Active Task List 有效任务表Active Time List 有效时间表Analog Transmission Line 模拟传输线路ActiveX Template Library ActiveX 模板库Application Terminal Language 应用终端语言Artificial Transmission Line 仿真传输线Automatic TeLling 自动出纳ATM Asynchronous Transfer(Transmission) Mode 异步传输模式Automatic Teller Machine 自动取款[出纳]机Auxiliary Tape Memory 辅助磁带存储器ATX 一种新的PC主板架构规范A VGA Accelerated Video Graphics Array 加速的视频图形阵列显示卡A VI Audio Video Interlaced Video for windows的多媒体文件格式BASIC Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code 初学者通用符号指令码BBL Be Back Later 稍候便回BBS Bulletin Board System 电子布告栏系统BCD Binary-Coded Decimal 二~十进制码BDE Borland Database Engine Borland的数据库引擎BGA Ball Grid Array 球栅阵列(组件)BGP 边界网关协议BIOS Basic Input/Output System 基本输入输出系统BLOBs 很大的二进制数据块BNC 同轴电缆接插件BO Back Orifice 后门(一种黑客程序)BPL Borland Package LibraryBps Bytes Per Second 比特每秒bps Bits Per Second 位每秒BRI Basic Rate Interference 基本速率干扰BTB Branch Target Buffer 分支目标缓冲器CA Certificate AuthorityCable TV 有线电视CAD Computer Aided Design 计算机辅助设计CAE Computer Aided Engineering 计算机辅助工程CAI Computer-Assisted Instruction 计算机辅助教学CAM Computer Aided Manufacturing 计算机辅助制造CAPP Computer-Aided Process Planning 计算机辅助工艺规划CAQ 计算机辅助质量管理CAS 数据盒存取站CASE Computer Aided Software Engineering 计算机辅助软件工程CASL Computer Assembly System LanguageCAT Computer-Aided Test 计算机辅助测试CAX Community Automatic eXchange 公用自动交换(机)CB Control Bus 控制总线CBD Central Business District 中央商务区CBE Computer-Based Education 计算机辅助教育CCITT 国际电报电话咨询委员会CCW Channel Command Word 通道命令字Channel Control Word 通道控制字China ComputerWorld 计算机世界(中国)CounterClockWise 逆时针方向(的)CD-DA Compact Disc Digital Audio 数字音频光盘CD-I Compact Disc Interactive 交互式CDCDMA Code Division Multiple Access 码分多路访问(通信)CD-R Compact Disc Recordable 一次性可写入光盘CD-ROM Compact Disc Read-Only Memory 光盘只读存储器CD-RW CD-ReWritable 可重复擦写光盘CE Call Entry 调用入口Channel End 通道传送结束[通道末端]Chip Enable 芯片启动Circular Error 循环误差Clear Entry 清除输入Common Emitter 共射极Communication Equipment 通信设备Computer Engineer 计算机工程师CEO Chief Executive Officer 执行总裁Chip Enable Output 芯片启用(使能)输出全面电子化办公室CERNet China Education and Research Computer Network 中国教育和科研计算机网络CES Communication Engineering Standard 通信工程标准(日本)Computer Education System(s) 计算机教育系统Consumer Electronics Show 家用[日用]电子产品展览CGA 彩色图形适配器CGI Common Gateway Interface 公共网关接口Computer Graphics Interface 计算机图形接口CHINAMDN 公用移动数据通信网CHS CHaracterS 字符Cylinders, Heads, Sectors 柱面数、磁头数、每柱面扇区数CIA Communication Interface Adaptor 通信接口适配器Communication Interrupt Analysis 通信中断分析Computer Industry Association 计算机工业协会Computers Interface Adaptor 计算机接口适配器the Central Intelligence Agency of the U.S. 中央情报局CIMS Computer-Integrated Manufacturing System 计算机集成制造系统CIP Catalog(u)ing In Publication 预编目录,出版过程中编目Commercial Instruction Processor 商用指令处理机Communication Interrupt Program 通信中断程序Console Interface Program 控制台接口程序CISC Complex Instruction Set Computer 复杂指令集(系统)计算机CIT Cambridge Information Technology 剑桥信息技术CIX Commercial Internet Exchange 商业Internet交换中心CJK China-Japan-Korea 中日韩CMI Computer-Management Instruction 计算机管理教学CMM Commission for Maritime[Marine] Meteorology 海洋气象委员会[联合国]Computerized Modular Monitoring 计算机化组件监控Controllable Memory Module 可控存储组件CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor 互补金属氧化物半导体CNN 美国有线新闻网络(以提供即时电视新闻报导而闻名)CNNIC China Internet Network Information Center 中国互联网络信息中心CODEC 多媒体数字信号编解码器COFF Common Object File Format 公用目标[对象]文件格式COM Component Object Model 组件对象模型Commercial organizations [域]商业组织,公司Check Operations Manual 检验操作手册COMmand 命令COMmon compiler 公共编译程序COMmon function (Logic Block), 公用功能(逻辑块);公共操作COMmunications 通信Commutator 整流子,换向器,转接器COMpiler 编译COMDEX Computer Distributor Exph 计算机分销商展览CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture (OOP)公用对象请求代理(调度)程序体系结构CPU Central Processing Unit 中央处理器CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check 循环冗余校验法[循环冗余核对]CREF Cross REFerence 相互参照[交叉参照]CRM Customer Relationship Management 客户关系管理CRT Cathode-Ray Tube 阴极射线管CSP Communication Scanner Processor 通信扫描处理器Coder Sequential Pulse 编码器顺序脉冲Commercial Subroutine Package 商用子例行程序包Completely-Self-Protected 全自保护Control Setting Panel 控制参数设定板Control Signal Processor 控制信号处理机CSP/AD Cross System Product/Application Development 跨系统(程序)产品/应用软件开发程序CSP/AE Cross System Product/Application Execution 跨系统(程序)产品/应用软件执行程序CSS Communication SubSystem (In 9370, some features which provide some functions equivalent to NCP function.) 通信子系统低温存储系统Common Support System 公用支援系统Computer Scheduling System 计算机调度系统Computer SubSystem 计算机子系统Computer System Simulation 计算机系统模拟Contact Start Stop 接触起停CSTNet China Science and Technology Network 中国科学技术网CTEC (Microsoft) Certified Technical Education Center 微软认证高级技术教育中心CTO Chief Technical Officer 首席技术执行官CUA Channel and Unit Address 通道和单元地址Common User Access 公共用户访问(程序)D.O.S Denial of ServiceDAC Digital-to-Analog Converter 数模转换器DAO Data Access Object 数据访问对象DB Data Base 数据库Data Bus 数据总线Data Bank, 库集,数据库,资料库Data Bit 数据位Dead Band, 静带死区DeciBel 分贝DBMS Data Base Management System 数据库管理系统DBS Data Base System 数据库系统DC Direct Current 直流电Device Context 设备描述表DCB Device Controller Block 设备控制块DCC 罗马数字700直接电缆连接DCCC 罗马数字800DCD 数据载波检测DCE Data Communication Equipment 数据通信设备DCI 显示控制接口DCOM Distributed Component Object Model 分布式组件对象模型以前叫做“网络OLE”。
大学计算机基础缩写词
大学计算机基础缩写词1.ALU:Arithmetic Logic Unit算术逻辑单元2.CPU:Central Processing Unit中央处理单元3.CISC技术:ComplexInstructionSetComputer复杂指令系统计算机4.RISC技术:ReducedInstructionSetComputer精减指令系统计算机5.RAM:Random Access Memory6.BIOS:Basic Input/output system7.CMOS:complementary metal-oxide semiconductor互补金属氧化物半导体8.SDRAM:Synchronous DRAM同步动态随机存储器9.DDR:Dual Date Rate10.SDRAM:双倍速率11.掩膜ROM:Masked ROM12.PROM:Programmable ROM可编程PROM13.EPROM:Erasable PROM可擦除PROM14.ROM:Read Only Memory15.VLSI:Very Large Scale Integration,超大规模集成电路16.EISA:Extended Industry Standard Architecture17.ISA:Industrial Standard Architecture总线18.VESA:Video Electronics Standards Association即视频电子标准协会总线19.PCI:peripheral component interconnect总线20.AGP :Accelerated Graphics Port总线B:Universal Serial Bus总线22.DBMS:Database Management System数据库管理系统23.IDE:Integrated Drive Electronics电子集成驱动器24.SCSI硬盘:Small Computer System Interface小型计算机系统接口25.RAID:Redundant Array of Independent Disks独立磁盘冗余阵列26.SSD:Solid States Disk固态存储器27.BCD码:Binary Coded Decimal,用二进制代码表示的十进制数28.PCB:Process Control Block进程控制块29.DMA:Direct Memory Access直接存取方式30.FAT:File Allocation Table文件分配表31.DBP:Dos Boot Record操作系统引导记录区32.BPB:BIOS Parameter Block,BIOS参数块33.NTFS:New Technology File System34.MBR:Master Boot Record主引导记录35.DPT:Disk Partition Table硬盘分区表36.GUI:Graphics User Interface图形用户界面37.Windows NT:NT,New Technology38.PCM:Pulse Coded Modulation脉冲编码调制39.DRM:Digital Rights Management数字版权管理40.MIDI:Musical Instrument Digital Interface41.RGB:Red、Green、Blue42.CMYK:Cyan、Magenta、Yellow、blacK43.HSB:Hue、Saturation、Brightness色相、饱和度、明度44.GIF:Graphics Interchange Format45.JPEG:Joint Photographic Experts Group46.MPEG:Moving picture experts group47.TIFF:Tagged Image File Format48.PNG:Portable Network Graphic可移植的网络图像49.AVI:Audio Video Interleaved,音频视频交叉存取格式50.ADSL:Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line非对称数字用户环路51.ARP :Address Resolution Protocol 地址解析协议52.ATM :Asynchronous Time division multiplexing异步传输模式53.BBS:Bulletin Board System电子公告栏54.CDMA:Code Division Multiple Access码分多址接入技术55.CERNET:China Education and Research Network中国教育和科研网56.CGWNET:China Great Wall Network中国长城网57.ChinaGBN:China Gold Bridge Network中国金桥信息网58.CIETNET:China International Economy Trade Network中国国际经济贸易互联网59.CMNET:China Mobile Network中国移动互联网CNET:China NetCom Network中国网通公用互联网61.CSTNET :China Science and Technique NetWork中国科技网62.CSS :Cascading Style Sheets层叠样式表63.DDN:Digital Data Network数字数据网64.DHCP:Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol动态主机配置协议65.DNS:Domain Name System域名解析系统66.DWDM:Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing密集波分复用67.FDDI:Fiber Distributed Data Interface光纤分布式数据接口68.FTP :File Transfer Protocol文件传输协议69.GPRS:General Packer Radio Service通用无线分组业务70.GPS:Global Position System全球定位系统71.HTML:Hypertext Markup Language超文本标记语言72.HTTP:Hypertext Transfer Protocol超文本传输协议73.ICMP:Internet Control Message Protocol因特网控制报文协议74.IGMP:Internet Group Management Protocol因特网组管理协议75.IMAP:Internet Mail Access Protocol Internet邮件访问协议76.IP:Internet Protocol 网际协议77.IPX/SPX:Internetwork Packet eXchange/Sequences Packet NETW ARE eXchange客户端/服务器的协议群78.ISDN:Integrated Services Digital Network综合业务数字网N:Local Area Network局域网80.MAC:Medium Access Control媒体接入控制81.MAN :Metropolitan Area Network城域网82.MIME:Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions多用途Internet函件扩展标准BEUI:NetBIOS Extended User Interface NetBios增强用户接口84.OSI/RM:Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model开放系统互联基本参考模型85.POP :Post Office Protocol邮局协议86.PPP:Point to Point Protocol点对点协议87.RARP:Reverse Address Resolution Protocol逆地址解析协议88.RSS:Really Simple Syndication描述和同步网站内容的格式89.SMTP :Simple Mail Transfer Protocol简单邮件传送协议90.SNMP:Simple Network ManagementProtocol简单网络管理协议91.TCP:Transmission Control Protocol传输控制协议92.UDP:User Datagram Protocol用户数据报协议93.UNINET:China Unicom Network中国联通互联网94.URL:Uniform Resource Locator统一资源定位器95.WAN:Wide Area Network广域网96.WWW: World Wide Web万维网。
计算机应用中常见的缩写
计算机应⽤中常见的缩写1.计算机应⽤中常见的缩写:AD.CAM.CAI.AI.CIMS.MIS.DSS.ES.OA等。
2.计算机应⽤得最早,最成熟的领域:科学计算,应⽤的最⼴泛的领域:数据处理。
3.运算器和控制器合称为CPU:CPU和主储存器合称为主机。
控制器的功能:控制器各个部件协调⼀致地⼯作运算器的功能:算术运算和逻辑运算存储器的功能:存储程序和数据4.通常⼀个完整的计算机系统应包括计算机的硬件系统和软件系统数据5.软件系统分为应⽤软件和系统软件,什么是系统软件,什么是应⽤软件?常见的系统软件有哪些,常见的应⽤软件有哪些?⽀持系统运⾏的软件叫;系统软件。
完成特定任务的软件叫;应⽤软件。
系统软件:XP,VISTA,应⽤软件:杀毒软件,⾳乐相关软件,视频播放软件,绘图软件,图像浏览6.操作系统的功能:进程与处理机管理、作业管理、存储管理、设备管理、⽂件管理7.什么是总线?通常总线分为哪⼏种?总线(Bus)是计算机各种功能部件之间传送信息的公共通信⼲线,它是由导线组成的传输线束,按照计算机所传输的信息种类,计算机的总线可以划分为数据总线、地址总线和控制总线8.系统总线按其功能⼜可以分为地址总线,数据总线和控制总线三类9.衡量计算机中CPU的性能指标主要有时钟频率和字长10.在计算机中,主频是影响运算速度的主要因素,字长决定计算机数值计算精度11.存储器分为主,辅存储器:常见的辅存有哪些?硬盘,光盘,磁带11.存储的数据会因计算机断电⽽丢失的存储器是随机存储器12.每⽚磁盘的信息储存在很多个不同半径的同⼼圆上,这些同⼼圆称为磁13.计算机将程序和数据都存放在机器的存储器中,14.计算机的存储容量的换算关系:存储容量最常⽤佃为单位,1KB为1024个字节:1GB表⽰8*1000M个⼆进制位:通常⽤英⽂单词BIT来表⽰位,⽤BYTE表⽰字节15.计算机的存储设备中CD-ROM不属于既能读⼜能写的存储设备16.在3.5英⼨磁盘中,滑块的作⽤是避免重写和删除17.通常所说的1.44MB软盘,这⾥的1.44MB指的是磁盘容量18.软盘全⾯格式化的实质性⼯作是划分磁道和扇区19.在计算机系统中,存储容量最⼤的部件是硬盘20.计算机要采⽤⼆进制的原因:1、电路中容易实现⼆进制数码只有两个(“0”和“1”)。
必须掌握的计算机英语缩略词
1.ABC:Atanasoff-Berry Computer 一台电子计算机2.ACM:Association for Computing Machinery 计算机器协会(美国)3.AI:Artificial Intelligence人工智能4.ALU:Arithmetic Logic Unit 算术逻辑单元5.ASCII:American Standard Code for Information Interchange 美国信息交换标准代码6.AUI:Attentive User Interfaces注视用户界面7.B/S:Browser/Server,浏览器/服务器8.B/S:浏览器/服务器9.BASIC:Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code初学者通用符号指令代码10.C/S:Client/Server客户机/服务器11.CAE:Computer Aided Engineering计算机辅助工程12.CAM:Computer Aided Manufacturing计算机辅助制造F:China Computer Federation 中国计算机学会14.CDC:Control Data Corporation 控制数据公司15.CE:Computer Engineering 计算机工程16.CISC:Complex Instruction Set Computer 复杂指令集计算机17.CMM:Capability Maturity Model能力成熟度模型18.COBOL:Common Business Oriented Language通用事务处理语言19.CoCoMo:Constructive Cost Model构造性成本模型20.CPU:Central Processing Unit 中央处理器21.CS:Computer Science 计算机科学22.CUI Command User Interface 命令行用户交互23.DAS:Direct Attack Storage直接网络存储24.DBMS:Data Base Management System数据库管理系统25.DEC:Digital Equipment Corporation 数字储备公司26.EDSAC:Electronic Delay Storage Automatic computer 存储程序式计算机27.EDV AC:Electronic Discrete Variable Computer 离散变量自动电子计算机28.ENIAC: Electronic Numerical Integrator and computer 一台巨型电子计算机(埃尼阿克)29.FORTRAN:FORmolar TRANstation 公式翻译语言30.GUI:Graphical user Interface 图形用户界面31.HP:Hewlett-Packard 惠普(公司)32.HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol 超文本传输协议33.I/O:Input/Output输入/输出34.IBM:International Business Machines Corporation,国际商业机器公司35.IDE:Integrated Design Environment 集成开发环境36.IEEE:Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers 美国电子电器工程师学会37.IOT:Internet of Things物联网38.IS:Information System 计算机信息系统39.ISO:International Organization for Standards国际标准化组织40.ISP:Internet Service Provider ,Internet服务提供者41.IT:Information Technology 计算机信息技术42.IUI:Intelligent User Interface智能用户界面N:Local Area Network局域网44.MAN:Metropolitan Area Network城域网45.MIPS:Million Instructions Per Second 单字长字总指令平均执行速度46.MMI:Man Machine Interface 多通道人机界面47.NAS:Network Attached Storage网络附加存储48.NII:National Information Infrastructure 国家信息基础设施49.OOA:Object Oriented Analysis 面向对象分析50.OOD Object-Oriented Design 面向对象设计51.OOP:Object-Oriented Programming 面向对象程序设计52.OSI Open System Interconnection开放式系统互联53.PAN:Personal Area Network个人无线网络54.PARC:Xerox Palo Alto Research Center,施乐帕克研究中心55.pc:Personal Computer 个人计算机56.PUI:Perceptual User Interface 有知觉用户界面57.RAM:Random Access Memory 随机储存器58.RISC:Reduced Instruction Set Computer 精简指令集计算机59.ROSE:Rational Object Software Engineering, Rational面向对象软件工程60.SAN:Storage Area Network存储区域网络61.SE Software Engineering 软件工程62.SQL:Structured Query Language结构化查询语法63.TCP/IP:Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol传输控制协议/因特网互联协议64.TUI:Text User Interface 文本用户界面65.UML:Unified Modeling Language 统一建模语言66.URL:Uniform Resource Locator统一资源字位地址67.VR:Virtual Reality 虚拟现实68.VRML:virtual Reality Modeling Language 虚拟现实建模语言69.WAN:Wide Area Network广域网70.WIFI:wireless fidelity无线相容性认证71.WWW: World Wide Web 万维网。
大学计算机基础缩写词培训资料
大学计算机基础缩写词大学计算机基础缩写词1.ALU:Arithmetic Logic Unit算术逻辑单元2.CPU:Central Processing Unit中央处理单元3.CISC技术:ComplexInstructionSetComputer复杂指令系统计算机4.RISC技术:ReducedInstructionSetComputer精减指令系统计算机5.RAM:Random Access Memory6.BIOS:Basic Input/output system7.CMOS:complementary metal-oxide semiconductor互补金属氧化物半导体8.SDRAM:Synchronous DRAM同步动态随机存储器9.DDR:Dual Date Rate10.SDRAM:双倍速率11.掩膜ROM:Masked ROM12.PROM:Programmable ROM可编程PROM13.EPROM:Erasable PROM可擦除PROM14.ROM:Read Only Memory15.VLSI:Very Large Scale Integration,超大规模集成电路16.EISA:Extended Industry Standard Architecture17.ISA:Industrial Standard Architecture总线18.VESA:Video Electronics Standards Association即视频电子标准协会总线19.PCI:peripheral component interconnect总线20.AGP :Accelerated Graphics Port总线B:Universal Serial Bus总线22.DBMS:Database Management System数据库管理系统23.IDE:Integrated Drive Electronics电子集成驱动器24.SCSI硬盘:Small Computer System Interface小型计算机系统接口25.RAID:Redundant Array of Independent Disks独立磁盘冗余阵列26.SSD:Solid States Disk固态存储器27.BCD码: Binary Coded Decimal,用二进制代码表示的十进制数28.PCB:Process Control Block进程控制块29.DMA:Direct Memory Access直接存取方式30.FAT:File Allocation Table文件分配表31.DBP:Dos Boot Record操作系统引导记录区32.BPB:BIOS Parameter Block,BIOS参数块33.NTFS:New Technology File System34.MBR:Master Boot Record主引导记录35.DPT:Disk Partition Table硬盘分区表36.GUI:Graphics User Interface图形用户界面37.Windows NT:NT,New Technology38.PCM:Pulse Coded Modulation脉冲编码调制39.DRM:Digital Rights Management数字版权管理40.MIDI:Musical Instrument Digital Interface41.RGB:Red、Green、Blue42.CMYK:Cyan、Magenta、Yellow、blacK43.HSB: Hue、Saturation、Brightness色相、饱和度、明度44.GIF:Graphics Interchange Format45.JPEG:Joint Photographic Experts Group46.MPEG:Moving picture experts group47.TIFF:Tagged Image File Format48.PNG:Portable Network Graphic可移植的网络图像49.AVI:Audio Video Interleaved,音频视频交叉存取格式50.ADSL:Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line非对称数字用户环路51.ARP :Address Resolution Protocol 地址解析协议52.ATM :Asynchronous Time division multiplexing异步传输模式53.BBS:Bulletin Board System电子公告栏54.CDMA:Code Division Multiple Access码分多址接入技术55.CERNET:China Education and Research Network中国教育和科研网56.CGWNET:China Great Wall Network中国长城网57.ChinaGBN:China Gold Bridge Network中国金桥信息网58.CIETNET:China International Economy Trade Network中国国际经济贸易互联网59.CMNET:China Mobile Network中国移动互联网CNET:China NetCom Network中国网通公用互联网61.CSTNET :China Science and Technique NetWork中国科技网62.CSS :Cascading Style Sheets层叠样式表63.DDN:Digital Data Network数字数据网64.DHCP:Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol动态主机配置协议65.DNS:Domain Name System域名解析系统66.DWDM:Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing密集波分复用67.FDDI:Fiber Distributed Data Interface光纤分布式数据接口68.FTP :File Transfer Protocol文件传输协议69.GPRS:General Packer Radio Service通用无线分组业务70.GPS:Global Position System全球定位系统71.HTML:Hypertext Markup Language超文本标记语言72.HTTP:Hypertext Transfer Protocol超文本传输协议73.ICMP:Internet Control Message Protocol因特网控制报文协议74.IGMP:Internet Group Management Protocol因特网组管理协议75.IMAP:Internet Mail Access Protocol Internet邮件访问协议76.IP:Internet Protocol 网际协议77.IPX/SPX:Internetwork Packet eXchange/Sequences Packet NETWARE eXchange客户端/服务器的协议群78.ISDN:Integrated Services Digital Network综合业务数字网N:Local Area Network局域网80.MAC:Medium Access Control媒体接入控制81.MAN :Metropolitan Area Network城域网82.MIME:Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions多用途Internet函件扩展标准BEUI:NetBIOS Extended User Interface NetBios增强用户接口84.OSI/RM:Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model开放系统互联基本参考模型85.POP :Post Office Protocol邮局协议86.PPP:Point to Point Protocol点对点协议87.RARP:Reverse Address Resolution Protocol逆地址解析协议88.RSS:Really Simple Syndication描述和同步网站内容的格式89.SMTP :Simple Mail Transfer Protocol简单邮件传送协议90.SNMP:Simple Network ManagementProtocol简单网络管理协议91.TCP:Transmission Control Protocol传输控制协议92.UDP:User Datagram Protocol用户数据报协议93.UNINET:China Unicom Network中国联通互联网94.URL:Uniform Resource Locator统一资源定位器95.WAN:Wide Area Network广域网96.WWW:World Wide Web万维网。
计算机必备--计算机常用英文缩写和中文翻译大全
计算机必备--计算机常用英文缩写和中文翻译大全CPU:Central Processing Unit,中央处理单元,又叫中央处理器或微处理器,被喻为电脑的心脏。
RAM:Random Access Memory,随机存储器,即人们常说的“内存”。
ROM:Read-Only Memory,只读存储器。
EDO:Extended Data Output,扩充数据输出。
当CPU的处理速度不断提高时,也相应地要求不断提高DRAM传送数据速度,一般来说,FPM(Fast Page Model)DRAM传送数据速度在60-70ns,而EDO DRAM比FPM快3倍,达20ns。
目前最快的是SDRAM(Synchronous DRAM,同步动态存储器),其存取速度高达10ns。
SDRAM:Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory,同步动态随机存储器,又称同步DRAM,为新一代动态存储器。
它可以与CPU总线使用同一个时钟,因此,SDRAM存储器较EDO存储器能使计算机的性能大大提高。
Cache:英文含义为“(勘探人员等贮藏粮食、器材等的)地窖;藏物处”。
电脑中为高速缓冲存储器,是位于CPU和主存储器DRAM(Dynamic Randon Access Memory)之间,规模较小,但速度很高的存储器,通常由SRAM(Static Random Access Memory静态存储器)组成。
CMOS:是Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor的缩写,含义为互补金属氧化物半导体(指互补金属氧化物半导体存储器)。
CMOS是目前绝大多数电脑中都使用的一种用电池供电的存储器(RAM)。
它是确定系统的硬件配置,优化微机整体性能,进行系统维护的重要工具。
它保存一些有关系统硬件设置等方面的信息,在关机以后,这些信息也继续存在(这一点与RAM完全不同)。
开机时,电脑需要用这些信息来启动系统。
常用计算机专业缩写术语
常用计算机专业缩写术语MTBF,即平均无故障时间1.DSL 数字用户线路2.ADSL 非对称数字用户线路3.ISP 因特网服务提供商4.B/S 浏览器/服务器5.C/S 客户端/服务器6.URL 统一资源定位器7.HTML 超文本标记语言8.TLD 顶级域名9.E-Mail 电子邮件10.IM 即时通信11.FTP 文件传输协议12.HTTP 超文本传输协议13.WW 万维网14.OS 操作系统15.GUI 图形用户界面16.IT 信息技术17.DBMS 数据库管理系统18.DB 数据库19.NOS 网络操作系统20.PDA 个人数字助理21.ASCII 美国标准信息交换代码22.EBCDIC 扩充的二进制编码的十进制交换码23.CPU 中央处理器24.ALU 算术逻辑单元25.CU 控制单元26.RAM 随机存储器27.ROM只读存储器28.BIOS基本输入输出系29.CMOS 互补金属氧化物半导体30.DRAM 动态随机存储器31.SDRAM 同步动态随机存储器32.NIC 网络接口卡33.ISA 工业标准结构总线34.PCI 外设连接接口35.AGP 图形加速器端口B 通用串行总线37.MIDI 音乐设备数字接口38.I/O 输入输出设备39.OSI 开放互联参考模型40.TELNET 远程登录41.CAI 计算机辅助教学42.CAD 计算机辅助设计43.CAM 计算机辅助制造44.CAT 计算机辅助测试45.OLE 对象链接与嵌入46.SQL 结构化数据查询语言47.DDL 动态链接库48.GSM 数字通信49.CDMA 码分多址传输技术50.VCD 视频压缩光盘51.DVD 数字视频光盘52.UPS 不间断电源53.DOS 磁盘操作系统54.FAT 文件分配表55.OOP 面向对象程序设计56.CSS 层叠格式表57.XML 可扩展标记语言58.ARP 地址解析协议59.ATM 异步传输模式60.MAN 城域网N 局域网62.WAN 广域网63.MIPS 每秒百万次指令64.RGB 红绿蓝65.WCDMA 宽带码分多址传输技术66.HUB 集线器67.OA 办公自动化68.ODBC 开放数据库连接69.BBS 公告牌系统70.SMTP 简单邮件传输协议71.IIS 信息服务器72.P-P 即插即用73.OO 面向对象74.RIP 路由选择信息协议75.ISDN 综合业务数字网76.IRQ 终端请求77.PPP 点到点协议78.ISA 工业标准结构79.CGI 公共网关接口80.VRML 虚拟现实模型语言81.ICQ 网上寻呼82.CD-ROM光盘驱动器83. EBCDIC 扩展的二进制编码十进制交换码84.ODBC 开放数据库连接。
常用计算机词汇英文缩写
常用计算机词汇缩写1、CPU3DNow!(3D no waiting)ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit,算术逻辑单元)AGU(Address Generation Units,地址产成单元)BGA(Ball Grid Array,球状矩阵排列)BHT(branch prediction table,分支预测表)BPU(Branch Processing Unit,分支处理单元)Brach Pediction(分支预测)CMOS: (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor,互补金属氧化物半导体)CISC(Complex Instruction Set Computing,复杂指令集计算机)CLK(Clock Cycle,时钟周期)COB(Cache on board,板上集成缓存)COD(Cache on Die,芯片内集成缓存)CPGA(Ceramic Pin Grid Array,陶瓷针型栅格阵列)CPU(Center Processing Unit,中央处理器)Data Forwarding(数据前送)Decode(指令解码)DIB(Dual Independent Bus,双独立总线)EC(Embedded Controller,嵌入式控制器)Embedded Chips(嵌入式)EPIC(explicitly parallel instruction code,并行指令代码)FADD(Floationg Point Addition,浮点加)FCPGA(Flip Chip Pin Grid Array,反转芯片针脚栅格阵列)FDIV(Floationg Point Divide,浮点除)FEMMS:(Fast Entry/Exit Multimedia State,快速进入/退出多媒体状态)FFT(fast Fourier transform,快速热欧姆转换)FID(FID:Frequency identify,频率鉴别号码)FIFO(First Input First Output,先入先出队列)flip-chip(芯片反转)FLOP(Floating Point Operations Per Second,浮点操作/秒)FMUL(Floationg Point Multiplication,浮点乘)FPU(Float Point Unit,浮点运算单元)FSUB(Floationg Point Subtraction,浮点减)GVPP(Generic Visual Perception Processor,常规视觉处理器)HL-PBGA: 表面黏著,高耐热、轻薄型塑胶球状矩阵封装IA(Intel Architecture,英特尔架构)ICU(Instruction Control Unit,指令控制单元)ID:(identify,鉴别号码)IDF(Intel Developer Forum,英特尔开发者论坛)IEU(Integer Execution Units,整数执行单元)IMM:( Intel Mobile Module, 英特尔移动模块)Instructions Cache,指令缓存Instruction Coloring(指令分类)IPC(Instructions Per Clock Cycle,指令/时钟周期)ISA(instruction set architecture,指令集架构)KNI(Katmai New Instructions,Katmai新指令集,即SSE)Latency(潜伏期)LDT(Lightning Data Transport,闪电数据传输总线)Local Interconnect(局域互连)MESI(Modified, Exclusive, Shared, Invalid:修改、排除、共享、废弃)MMX(MultiMedia Extensions,多媒体扩展指令集)MMU(Multimedia Unit,多媒体单元)MFLOPS(Million Floationg Point/Second,每秒百万个浮点操作)MHz(Million Hertz,兆赫兹)MP(Multi-Processing,多重处理器架构)MPS(MultiProcessor Specification,多重处理器规范)MSRs(Model-Specific Registers,特别模块寄存器)NAOC(no-account OverClock,无效超频)NI:(Non-Intel,非英特尔)OLGA(Organic Land Grid Array,基板栅格阵列)OoO(Out of order,乱序执行)PGA: Pin-Grid Array(引脚网格阵列),耗电大Post-RISCPR(Performance Rate,性能比率)PSN(Processor Serial numbers,处理器序列号)PIB(Processor In a Box,盒装处理器)PPGA(Plastic Pin Grid Array,塑胶针状矩阵封装)PQFP(Plastic Quad Flat Package,塑料方块平面封装)RAW(Read after Write,写后读)Register Contention(抢占寄存器)Register Pressure(寄存器不足)Register Renaming(寄存器重命名)Remark(芯片频率重标识)Resource contention(资源冲突)Retirem ent(指令引退)RISC(Reduced Instruction Set Computing,精简指令集计算机)SEC:( Single Edge Connector,单边连接器)Shallow-trench isolation(浅槽隔离)SIMD(Single Instruction Multiple Data,单指令多数据流)SiO2F(Fluorided Silicon Oxide,二氧氟化硅)SMI(System Management Interrupt,系统管理中断)SMM(System Management Mode,系统管理模式)SMP(Symmetric Multi-Processing,对称式多重处理架构)SOI: (Silicon-on-insulator,绝缘体硅片)SONC(System on a chip,系统集成芯片)SPEC(System Performance Evaluation Corporation,系统性能评估测试)SQRT(Square Root Calculations,平方根计算)SSE(Streaming SIMD Extensions,单一指令多数据流扩展)Superscalar(超标量体系结构)TCP: Tape Carrier Package(薄膜封装),发热小Throughput(吞吐量)TLB(Translate Look side Buffers,翻译旁视缓冲器)USWC(Uncacheabled Speculative Write Combination,无缓冲随机联合写操作)VALU(Vector Arithmetic Logic Unit,向量算术逻辑单元)VLIW(Very Long Instruction Word,超长指令字)VPU(Vector Permutate Unit,向量排列单元)VPU(vector processing units,向量处理单元,即处理MMX、SSE等SIMD指令的地方)2、主板ADIMM(advanced Dual In-line Memory Modules,高级双重内嵌式内存模块)AMR(Audio/Modem Riser;音效/调制解调器主机板附加直立插卡)AHA(Accelerated Hub Architecture,加速中心架构)ASK IR(Amplitude Shift Keyed Infra-Red,长波形可移动输入红外线)ATX: AT Extend(扩展型AT)BIOS(Basic Input/Output System,基本输入/输出系统)CSE(Configuration Space Enable,可分配空间)DB:(Device Bay,设备插架)DMI(Desktop Management Interface,桌面管理接口)EB(Expansion Bus,扩展总线)EISA(Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture,增强形工业标准架构)EMI(Electromagnetic Interference,电磁干扰)ESCD(Extended System Configuration Data,可扩展系统配置数据)FBC(Fram e Buffer Cache,帧缓冲缓存)FireWire(火线,即IEEE1394标准)FSB: (Front Side Bus,前置总线,即外部总线)FWH( Firmware Hub,固件中心)GMCH(Graphics & Memory Controller Hub,图形和内存控制中心)GPIs(General Purpose Inputs,普通操作输入)ICH(Input/Output Controller Hub,输入/输出控制中心)IR(infrared ray,红外线)IrDA(infrared ray,红外线通信接口可进行局域网存取和文件共享)ISA:(Industry Standard Architecture,工业标准架构)ISA(instruction set architecture,工业设置架构)MDC(Mobile Daughter Card,移动式子卡)MRH-R(Memory Repeater Hub,内存数据处理中心)MRH-S(SDRAM Repeater Hub,SDRAM数据处理中心)MTH(Memory Transfer Hub,内存转换中心)NGIO(Next Generation Input/Output,新一代输入/输出标准)P64H(64-bit PCI Controller Hub,64位PCI控制中心)PCB(printed circuit board,印刷电路板)PCBA(Printed Circuit Board Assembly,印刷电路板装配)PCI:(Peripheral Component Interconnect,互连外围设备)PCI SIG (Peripheral Component Interconnect Special Interest G roup,互连外围设备专业组)POST(Power On Self Test,加电自测试)RNG(Random number Generator,随机数字发生器)RTC: (Real Time Clock 实时时钟)KBC(KeyBroad Control,键盘控制器)SAP(Sideband Address Port,边带寻址端口)SBA(Side Band Addressing,边带寻址)SMA: (Share Memory Architecture,共享内存结构)STD(Suspend T o Disk,磁盘唤醒)STR(Suspend T o RAM,内存唤醒)SVR: (Switching Voltage Regulator 交换式电压调节)USB(Universal Serial Bus,通用串行总线)USDM(Unified System Diagnostic Manager,统一系统监测管理器)VID(Voltage Identification Definition,电压识别认证)VRM (Voltage Regulator Module,电压调整模块)ZIF: (Zero Insertion Force, 零插力)主板技术GigabyteACOPS:(Automatic CPU OverHeat Prevention SystemCPU 过热预防系统)SIV: (System Information Viewer系统信息观察)磐英ESDJ(Easy Setting Dual Jumper,简化CPU双重跳线法)浩鑫UPT(USB、PANEL、LINK、TV-OUT四重接口)芯片组ACPI(Advanced Configuration and Power Interface,先进设置和电源管理)AGP(Accelerated Graphics Port,图形加速接口)I/O(Input/Output,输入/输出)MIOC: (Memory and I/O Bridge Controller,内存和I/O桥控制器)NBC: (North Bridge Chip北桥芯片)PIIX: (PCI ISA/IDE Accelerator加速器)PSE36: (Page Size Extension 36-bit,36位页面尺寸扩展模式)PXB:(PCI Expander Bridge,PCI增强桥)RCG: (RAS/CAS Generator,RAS/CAS发生器)SBC: (South Bridge Chip南桥芯片)SMB: (System Management Bus全系统管理总线)SPD(Serial Presence Detect,内存内部序号检测装置)SSB: (Super South Bridge,超级南桥芯片)TDP:(Triton Data Path数据路径)TSC: (Triton System Controller系统控制器)QPA: (Quad Port Acceleration四接口加速)3、显示设备ASIC: (Application Specific Integrated Circuit特殊应用积体电路)ASC(Auto-Sizing and Centering,自动调效屏幕尺寸和中心位置)ASC(Anti Static Coatings,防静电涂层)AGAS(Anti Glare Anti Static Coatings,防强光、防静电涂层)BLA: (Bearn Landing Area电子束落区)BMC(Black Matrix Screen,超黑矩阵屏幕)CRC: (Cyclical Redundancy Check循环冗余检查)CRT(Cathode Ray Tube,阴极射线管)DDC:(Display Data Channel,显示数据通道)DEC(Direct Etching Coatings,表面蚀刻涂层)DFL(Dynamic Focus Lens,动态聚焦)DFS(Digital Flex Scan,数字伸缩扫描)DIC: (Digital Image Control数字图像控制)Digital Multiscan II(数字式智能多频追踪)DLP(digital Light Processing,数字光处理)DOSD:(Digital On Screen Display同屏数字化显示)DPMS(Display Power Management Signalling,显示能源管理信号)Dot Pitch(点距)DQL(Dynamic Quadrapole Lens,动态四极镜)DSP(Digital Signal Processing,数字信号处理)EFEAL(Extended Field Elliptical Aperture Lens,可扩展扫描椭圆孔镜头)FRC:(Frame Rate Control帧比率控制)HVD(High Voltage Differential,高分差动)LCD(liquid crystal display,液晶显示屏)LCOS: (Liquid Crystal On Silicon硅上液晶)LED(light emitting diode,光学二级管)L-SAGIC(Low Power-Small Aperture G1 wiht Impregnated Ca thode,低电压光圈阴极管)LVD(Low Voltage Differential,低分差动)LVDS:(Low Voltage Differential Signal低电压差动信号)MALS(Multi Astigmatism Lens System,多重散光聚焦系统)MDA(Monochrome Adapter,单色设备)MS: (Magnetic Sensors磁场感应器)Porous Tungsten(活性钨)RSDS: (Reduced Swing Differential Signal小幅度摆动差动信号)SC(Screen Coatings,屏幕涂层)Single Ended(单终结)Shadow Mask(阴罩式)TDT(Timeing Detection Table,数据测定表)TICRG: (Tungsten Impregnated Cathode Ray Gun钨传输阴级射线枪)TFT(thin film transistor,薄膜晶体管)UCC(Ultra Clear Coatings,超清晰涂层)VAGP:( Variable Aperature Grille Pitch可变间距光栅)VBI:( Vertical Blanking Interval垂直空白间隙)VDT(Video Display T erminals,视频显示终端)VRR: (Vertical Refresh Rate垂直扫描频率)4、视频3D:(Three Dimensional,三维)3DS(3D SubSystem,三维子系统)AE(Atmospheric Effects,雾化效果)AFR(Alternate Frame Rendering,交替渲染技术)Anisotropic Filtering(各向异性过滤)APPE(Advanced Packet Parsing Engine,增强形帧解析引擎)AV(Analog Video,模拟视频)Back Buffer,后置缓冲Backface culling(隐面消除)Battle for Eyeballs(眼球大战,各3D图形芯片公司为了争夺用户而作的竞争)Bilinear Filtering(双线性过滤)CEM(cube environment mapping,立方环境映射)CG(Computer Graphics,计算机生成图像)Clipping(剪贴纹理)Clock Synthesizer,时钟合成器compressed textures(压缩纹理)Concurrent Command Engine,协作命令引擎Center Processing Unit Utilization,中央处理器占用率DAC(Digital to Analog Converter,数模传换器)Decal(印花法,用于生成一些半透明效果,如:鲜血飞溅的场面)DFP(Digital Flat Panel,数字式平面显示器)DFS:( Dynamic Flat Shading动态平面描影,可用作加速Dithering抖动)Directional Light,方向性光源DME:( Direct Memory Execute直接内存执行)DOF(Depth of Field,多重境深)dot texture blending(点型纹理混和)Double Buffering(双缓冲区)DIR(Direct Rendering Infrastructure,基层直接渲染)DVI(Digital Video Interface,数字视频接口)DxR:( DynamicXTended Resolution动态可扩展分辨率)DXTC(Direct X Texture Compress,DirectX纹理压缩,以S3TC为基础)Dynamic Z-buffering(动态Z轴缓冲区),显示物体远近,可用作远景E-DDC(Enhanced Display Data Channel,增强形视频数据通道协议,定义了显示输出与主系统之间的通讯通道,能提高显示输出的画面质量)Edge Anti-aliasing,边缘抗锯齿失真E-EDID(Enhanced Extended Identification Data,增强形扩充身份辨识数据,定义了电脑通讯视频主系统的数据格式)Execute Buffers,执行缓冲区environment mapped bump mapping(环境凹凸映射)Extended Burst Transactions,增强式突发处理Front Buffer,前置缓冲Flat(平面描影)Frames rate is King(帧数为王)FSAA(Full Scene Anti-aliasing,全景抗锯齿)Fog(雾化效果)flip double buffered(反转双缓存)fog table quality(雾化表画质)GART(Graphic Address Remappng Table,图形地址重绘表)Gouraud Shading,高洛德描影,也称为内插法均匀涂色GPU(Graphics Processing Unit,图形处理器)GTF(Generalized Timing Formula,一般程序时间,定义了产生画面所需要的时间,包括了诸如画面刷新率等)HAL(Hardware Abstraction Layer,硬件抽像化层)hardware motion compensation(硬件运动补偿)HDTV(high definition television,高清晰度电视)HEL: Hardware Emulation Layer(硬件模拟层)high triangle count(复杂三角形计数)ICD(Installable Client Driver,可安装客户端驱动程序)IDCT(Inverse Discrete Cosine Transform,非连续反余弦变换,GeForce的DVD硬件强化技术)Immediate Mode,直接模式IPPR: (Image Processing and Pattern Recognition图像处理和模式识别)large textures(大型纹理)LF(Linear Filtering,线性过滤,即双线性过滤)lighting(光源)lightmap(光线映射)Local Peripheral Bus(局域边缘总线)mipmapping(MIP映射)Modulate(调制混合)Motion Compensation,动态补偿motion blur(模糊移动)MPPS:(Million Pixels Per Second,百万个像素/秒)Multi-Resolution Mesh,多重分辨率组合Multi Threaded Bus Master,多重主控Multitexture(多重纹理)nerest Mipmap(邻近MIP映射,又叫点采样技术)Overdraw(透支,全景渲染造成的浪费)partial texture downloads(并行纹理传输)Parallel Processing Perspective Engine(平行透视处理器)PC(Perspective Correction,透视纠正)PGC(Parallel Graphics Configuration,并行图像设置)pixel(Picture element,图像元素,又称P像素,屏幕上的像素点)point light(一般点光源)point sampling(点采样技术,又叫邻近MIP映射)Precise Pixel Interpolation,精确像素插值Procedural textures(可编程纹理)RAMDAC(Random Access Memory Digital to Analog Converte r,随机存储器数/模转换器)Reflection mapping(反射贴图)ender(着色或渲染)S端子(Seperate)S3(Sight、Sound、Speed,视频、音频、速度)S3TC(S3 Texture Compress,S3纹理压缩,仅支持S3显卡)S3TL(S3 Transformation & Lighting,S3多边形转换和光源处理)Screen Buffer(屏幕缓冲)SDTV(Standard Definition T elevision,标准清晰度电视)SEM(spherical environment mapping,球形环境映射)Shading,描影Single Pass Multi-Texturing,单通道多纹理SLI(Scanline Interleave,扫描线间插,3Dfx的双Voodoo 2配合技术)Smart Filter(智能过滤)soft shadows(柔和阴影)soft reflections(柔和反射)spot light(小型点光源)SRA(Symmetric Rendering Architecture,对称渲染架构)Stencil Buffers(模板缓冲)Stream Processor(流线处理)SuperScaler Rendering,超标量渲染TBFB(Tile Based Frame Buffer,碎片纹理帧缓存)texel(T像素,纹理上的像素点)Texture Fidelity(纹理真实性)texture swapping(纹理交换)T&L(Transform and Lighting,多边形转换与光源处理)T-Buffer(T缓冲,3dfx Voodoo4的特效,包括全景反锯齿Full-scene Anti-Aliasing、动态模糊Motion Blur、焦点模糊Depth of Field Blur、柔和阴影Soft Shadows、柔和反射Soft Reflections)TCA(Twin Cache Architecture,双缓存结构)Transparency(透明状效果)Transformation(三角形转换)Trilinear Filtering(三线性过滤)Texture Modes,材质模式TMIPM: (Trilinear MIP Mapping三次线性MIP材质贴图)UMA(Unified Memory Architecture,统一内存架构)Visualize Geom etry Engine,可视化几何引擎Vertex Lighting(顶点光源)Vertical Interpolation(垂直调变)VIP(Video Interface Port,视频接口)ViRGE: (Video and Rendering Graphics Engine视频描写图形引擎)Voxel(Volume pixels,立体像素,Novalogic的技术)VQTC(Vector-Quantization T exture Compression,向量纹理压缩)VSIS(Video Signal Standard,视频信号标准)v-sync(同步刷新)Z Buffer(Z缓存)5、音频3DPA(3D Positional Audio,3D定位音频)AC(Audio Codec,音频多媒体数字信号编解码器)Auxiliary Input(辅助输入接口)CS(Channel Separation,声道分离)DS3D(DirectSound 3D Streams)DSD(Direct Stream Digital,直接数字信号流)DSL(Down Loadable Sample,可下载的取样音色)DLS-2(Downloadable Sounds Level 2,第二代可下载音色)EAX(Environmental Audio Extensions,环境音效扩展技术)Extended Stereo(扩展式立体声)FM(Frequency Modulation,频率调制)FIR(finite impulse response,有限推进响应)FR(Frequence Response,频率响应)FSE(Frequency Shifter Effect,频率转换效果)HRTF(Head Related Transfer Function,头部关联传输功能)IID(Interaural Intensity Difference,两侧声音强度差别)IIR(infinite impulse response,无限推进响应)Interactive Around-Sound(交互式环绕声)Interactive 3D Audio(交互式3D音效)ITD(Interaural Time Difference,两侧声音时间延迟差别)MIDI:( Musical Instrument Digital Interface乐器数字接口)NDA:( non-DWORD-aligned ,非DWORD排列)Raw PCM:( Raw Pulse Code Modulated元脉码调制)RMA:( RealMedia Architecture实媒体架构)RTSP: (Real Time Streaming Protocol实时流协议)SACD(Super Audio CD,超级音乐CD)SNR(Signal to Noise Ratio,信噪比)S/PDIF(Sony/Phillips Digital Interface,索尼/飞利普数字接口)SRS: (Sound Retrieval System声音修复系统)Surround Sound(环绕立体声)Super Intelligent Sound ASIC(超级智能音频集成电路)THD+N(Total Harmonic Distortion plus Noise,总谐波失真加噪音)QEM(Qsound Environmental Modeling,Qsound环境建模扬声器组)WG(Wave Guide,波导合成)WT(Wave T able,波表合成)6、RAM & ROMABP: (Address Bit Permuting,地址位序列改变)ATC(Access Time from Clock,时钟存取时间)BSRAM(Burst pipelined synchronous static RAM,突发式管道同步静态存储器)CAS(Column Address Strobe,列地址控制器)CCT(Clock Cycle Time,时钟周期)DB: (Deep Buffer深度缓冲)DDR SDRAM(Double Date Rate,双数据率SDRAM)DIL(dual-in-line)DIMM(Dual In-line Memory Modules,双重内嵌式内存模块)DRAM(Dynamic Random Access Memory,动态随机存储器)DRDRAM(Direct RAMbus DRAM,直接RAMbus内存)ECC(Error Checking and Correction,错误检查修正)EEPROM(Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM,电擦写可编程只读存储器)FM: (Flash Memory快闪存储器)FMD ROM (Fluorescent Material Read Only Memory,荧光质只读存储器)PIROM:(Processor Information ROM,处理器信息ROM)PLEDM: Phase-state Low Electron(hole)-number Drive MemoryQBM(Quad Band Memory,四倍边带内存)RAC(Rambus Asic Cell,Rambus集成电路单元)RAS(Row Address Strobe,行地址控制器)RDRAM(Rambus Direct RAM,直接型RambusRAM)RIMM(RAMBUS In-line Memory Modules,RAMBUS内嵌式内存模块)SDR SDRAM(Single Date Rate,单数据率SDRAM)SGRAM(synchronous graphics RAM,同步图形随机储存器)SO-DIMM(Small Outline Dual In-line Memory Modules,小型双重内嵌式内存模块)SPD(Serial Presence Detect,串行存在检查)SRAM(Static Random Access Memory,静态随机存储器)SSTL-2(Stub Series T erminated Logic-2)TSOPs(thin small outline packages,超小型封装)USWV(Uncacheable, Speculative, Write-Combining非缓冲随机混合写入)VCMA(Virtual Channel Memory architecture,虚拟通道内存结构)7、磁盘AAT(Average access time,平均存取时间)ABS(Auto Balance System,自动平衡系统)ASMO(Advanced Storage Magneto-Optical,增强形光学存储器)AST(Average Seek time,平均寻道时间)ATA(AT Attachment,AT扩展型)ATOMM(Advanced super Thin-layer and high-Output Metal Me dia,增强形超薄高速金属媒体)bps(bit per second,位/秒)CAM(Common Access Model,公共存取模型)CSS(Common Command Set,通用指令集)DMA(Direct Memory Access,直接内存存取)DVD(Digital Video Disk,数字视频光盘)EIDE(enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics,增强形电子集成驱动器)FAT(File Allocation T ables,文件分配表)FDBM(Fluid dynamic bearing motors,液态轴承马达)FDC(Floppy Disk Controller,软盘驱动器控制装置)FDD(Floppy Disk Driver,软盘驱动器)GMR(giant magnetoresistive,巨型磁阻)HDA(head disk assembly,磁头集合)HiFD(high-capacity floppy disk,高容量软盘)IDE(Integrated Drive Electronics,电子集成驱动器)LBA(Logical Block Addressing,逻辑块寻址)MBR(Master Boot Record,主引导记录)MTBF(Mean Time Before Failure,平均故障时间)PIO(Programmed Input Output,可编程输入输出模式)PRML(Partial Response Maximum Likelihood,最大可能部分反应,用于提高磁盘读写传输率)RPM(Rotation Per Minute,转/分)RSD:(Removable Storage Device移动式存储设备)SCSI(Small Computer System Interface,小型计算机系统接口)SCMA:(SCSI Configured Auto Magically,SCSI自动配置)S.M.A.R.T.(Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting T echnology ,自动监测、分析和报告技术)SPS(Shock Protection System,抗震保护系统)STA(SCSI Trade Association,SCSI同业公会)Ultra DMA(Ultra Direct Memory Access,超高速直接内存存取)LVD(Low Voltage Differential)Seagate硬盘技术DiscWizard(磁盘控制软件)DST(Drive Self Test,磁盘自检程序)SeaShield(防静电防撞击外壳)8、光驱ATAPI(AT Attachment Packet Interface)BCF(Boot Catalog File,启动目录文件)BIF(Boot Image File,启动映像文件)CDR(CD Recordable,可记录光盘)CD-ROM/XA(CD-ROM eXtended Architecture,唯读光盘增强形架构)CDRW(CD-Rewritable,可重复刻录光盘)CLV(Constant Linear Velocity,恒定线速度)DAE(digital Audio Extraction,数据音频抓取)DDSS(Double Dynamic Suspension System,双悬浮动态减震系统)DDSS II(Double Dynamic Suspension System II,第二代双层动力悬吊系统)PCAV(Part Constant Angular Velocity,部分恒定角速度)VCD(Video CD,视频CD)9、打印机AAS(Automatic Area Seagment?)dpi(dot per inch,每英寸的打印像素)ECP(Extended Capabilities Port,延长能力端口)EPP(Enhanced Parallel Port,增强形平行接口)IPP(Internet Printing Protocol,因特网打印协议)ppm(paper per minute,页/分)SPP(Standard Parallel Port,标准并行口)TET(Text Enhanced Technology,文本增强技术)USBDCDPD(Universal Serial Bus Device Class Definition for Prin ting Devices,打印设备的通用串行总线级标准)VD(Variable Dot,变点式列印)10、扫描仪TWAIN(Toolkit Without An Interesting Name)协议11、计算机公司Ali: Acer Lab(宏棋实验室)ASF: Applied Science FictionAMD: Advanced Micro Device(超微半导体)AMI: American Megatrends IncorporatedEAR(Extreme Audio Reality)HP: Hewlett-Packard,美国惠普公司IBM: International Business Machine,国际商业机器IDG(International Data Group,国际数据集团)IMS: International Meta SystemMLE:Microsoft Learning and Entertainment,微软教学与娱乐公司MS(Microsoft,微软)NAI: Network Associates Incorporation,前身为McAfee。
大一计算机导论知识点缩写
大一计算机导论知识点缩写在大一计算机导论课程中,有许多知识点的缩写是我们需要了解和掌握的。
下面是一些常见的计算机导论知识点缩写及其解释:1. CPU:中央处理器(Central Processing Unit)CPU是计算机中的核心部件,负责执行指令并控制计算机的操作。
2. RAM:随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory)RAM是一种计算机存储器,用于临时存储数据和程序,具有较快的读取和写入速度。
3. ROM:只读存储器(Read-Only Memory)ROM是一种只能读取而不能写入的存储器,用于存储永久性的数据和程序。
4. GPU:图形处理器(Graphics Processing Unit)GPU是一种特殊的处理器,专门用于处理图形和图像相关的计算任务,常用于游戏和图形渲染等领域。
5. GUI:图形用户界面(Graphical User Interface)GUI是一种使用图形和图标来显示和操作计算机程序的界面,相比于命令行界面更加直观和易于使用。
6. OS:操作系统(Operating System)操作系统是计算机系统中的核心软件,负责管理和控制计算机的硬件和软件资源,并提供用户界面和服务。
7. HTTP:超文本传输协议(Hypertext Transfer Protocol)HTTP是一种用于在Web浏览器和Web服务器之间传输数据的协议,用于访问和获取网页内容。
8. URL:统一资源定位器(Uniform Resource Locator)URL是用于在Web上定位和访问资源的地址,包含了访问资源的协议、域名、路径等信息。
9. HTML:超文本标记语言(Hypertext Markup Language)HTML是一种用于描述和定义网页结构的标记语言,通过标签和属性来标记和展示文本、图片、链接等元素。
10. CSS:层叠样式表(Cascading Style Sheets)CSS是一种用于控制网页样式和布局的语言,通过样式规则来定义元素的外观和排版。
计算机网络和计算机基础的英文缩写
计算机网络英文缩写词ACK (ACKnowledgement) 确认ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) 非对称数字用户线AF PHB (Assured Forwarding Per-Hop Behavior) 确保转发每跳行为AH (Authentication Header) 鉴别首部ALOHA (Additive Link On-line HAwaii system) 一种随机接入系统AN (Access Network )接入网ANSI (American National Standards Institute) 美国国家标准协会AP (Access Point) 接入点API (Application Programming Interface) 应用编程接口APNIC (Asia Pacific Network Information Center) 亚太网络信息中心ARP (Address Resolution Protocol )地址解析协议ARPA (Advanced Research Project Agency)美国国防部远景研究规划局(高级研究计划署)ARQ (Automatic Repeat reQuest) 自动请求重发AS (autonomous system) 自治系统ASN.1(Abstract Syntax Notation One )抽象语法记法1ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) 异步传递方式ATU (Access Termination Unit) 接入端接单元ATU-C (Access Termination Unit Central Office )端局接入端接单元ATU-R (Access Termination Unit Remote) 远端接入端接单元AUI (Attachment Unit Interface )连接接口单元AWT (Abstract Window Toolkit )抽象窗口工具箱BECN (Backward Explicit Congestion Notification) 反向显式拥塞通知BER (Basic Encoding Rule) 基本编码规则BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) 边界网关协议B-ISDN (Broadband-ISDN) 宽带综合业务数字网BLAM (Binary Logarithmic Arbitration Method) 二进制对数仲裁方法BOOTP (BOOTstrap Protocol) 引导程序协议BSA (Basic Service Area) 基本服务区BSS (Basic Service Set) 基本服务集CA (Certification Authority) 认证中心CAC (Call Admission Control )呼叫接纳控制CAC (Connection Admission Control) 连接准许控制CAP (Carrierless Amplitude Phase) 无载波振幅相位调制CATV (Community Antenna TV, CAble TV) 有线电视CBR (Constant Bit Rate )恒定比特率CCIR (Consultative Committee ,International Radio) 国际无线电咨询委员会CCITT (Consultative Committee, International Telegraph and Telephone)国际电报电话咨询委员会CCS (Common-Channel Signaling) 共路信令CDM (Code Division Multiplexing) 码分复用CDMA (Code Division Multiplex Access) 码分多址CDV (Cell Del 盯Variation )信元时延偏差CDVT (Cell Delay Variation Tolerance) 容许的信元时延偏差CFI (Canonical Format Indicator) 规范格式指示符CGI (Common Gateway Interface) 通用网关接口CIDR (Classless InterDomain Routing) 无分类域间路由选择CIR (Committed Information Rate )承诺的信息速率CLP (Cell Loss Priority) 信元丢失优先级CLR (Cell Loss Ratio )信元丢失率CMIP (Common Management Information Protocol) 公共管理信息协议CMOT (Common Management information service and protocol Over TCP/IP)在TCP/IP 上的公共管理信息服务与协议CNNIC (Network Information Center of China) 中国互联网络信息中心CPE (Customer Premises Equipment) 用户屋内设备CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) 循环冗余检验CS (Convergence Sublayer) 汇聚子层CS-ACELP (Conjugate-Structure Algebraic-Code-Excited Linear Prediction)共轭结构代数码激励线性预测(声码器)CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access /Collision Detection)载波监听多点接刀冲突检测CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access /Collision Avoidance) 载波监听多点接A/ 冲突避免CSRC (Contributing SouRCe identifier) 参与源标识符CSU/DSU (Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit) 信道服务单元/数据服务单元CTD (Cell Transfer Delay) 信元传送时延CTS (Clear To Send) 允许发送DACS (Digital Access and Cross-connect System) 数字交接系统DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Project Agency) 美国国防部远景规划局(高级研究署)DAVIC (Digital Audio Visual Council) 数字视听协会DCE (Data Circuit-terminating Equipment) 数据电路端接设备DCF (Distributed Coordination Function )分布协调功能DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service )分布式拒绝服务DE (Discard Eligibility) 丢弃指示DES (Data Encryption Standard) 数据加密标准DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) 动态主机配置协议DiffServ (Differentiated Services )区分服务DIES (Distributed Coordination Function IFS )分布协调功能帧间间隔DLCI (Data Link Connection Identifier) 数据链路连接标识符DMT (Discrete Multi-Tone) 离散多音(调制)DNS (Domain Name System) 域名系统DOCSIS (Data Over Cable Service Interface Specifications)电缆数据服务接口规约DoS (Denial of Service) 拒绝服务DS (Distribution System) 分配系统DS (Differentiated Services) 区分服务(也写作DiffServ )DSCP (Differentiated Services CodePoint) 区分服务码点DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) 数字用户线DSLAM (DSL Access Multiplexer) 数字用户线接入复用器DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) 直接序列扩频DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) 数据终端设备DVMRP (Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol) 距离向量多播路由选择协议DWDM (Dense WDM) 密集波分复用EBCDIC (Extended Binary-Coded Decimal Interchange Code) 扩充的二/十进制交换码EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier) 掺饵光纤放大器EF PHB (Expedited Forwarding Per-Hop Behavior) 迅速转发每跳行为EGP (External Gateway Protocol) 外部网关协议EIA (Electronic Industries Association )美国电子工业协会ESP (Encapsulating Security Payload) 封装安全有效载荷ESS 伍xtended Service Set) 扩展的服务集EUI (Extended Unique Identifier) 扩展的惟一标识符FCS (Frame Check Sequence) 帧检验序列FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface )光纤分布式数据接口FDM (Frequency Division Multiplexing) 频分复用FEC (Forwarding Equivalence Class) 转发等价类FEC (Forward Error Correction) 前向纠错FECN (Forward Explicit Congestion Notification) 前向显式拥塞通知FHSS (Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum) 跳频扩频FIFO (First In First Out) 先进先出FOIRL (Fiber Optic Inter-Repeater Link) 转发器间的光纤链路FQ (Fair Queuing) 公平排队FR (Frame Relay) 帧中继FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) 移频键控FTP (File Transfer Protocol )文件传送协议FTTB (Fiber To The Building) 光纤到大楼FTTC (Fiber To The Curb )光纤到路边FTTH (Fiber To The Home) 光纤到家GCRA (Generic Cell Rate Algorithm) 一般信元速率算法GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) 图形交换格式GII (Global Information Infrastructure) 全球信息基础结构,全球信息基础设施GFC (Generic Flow Control) 通用流量控制GSM (Group Special Mobile) 群组专用移动通信体制HDLC (High-level Data Link Control) 高级数据链路控制HDSL (High speed DSL) 高速数字用户线HEC (Header Error Control) 首部差错控制HFC (Hybrid Fiber Coax) 光纤同轴混合(网)HH'PI (HIgh-Performance Parallel Interface) 高性能并行接口HSSG (High Speed Study Group) 高速研究组HTML (HyperText Markup Language) 超文本置标语言HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) 超文本传送协议IAB (Internet Architecture Board) 因特网体系结构委员会IAC (Interpret As Command )作为命令解释IAHC (Internet International Ad Hoc Committee )因特网国际特别委员会IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) 因特网号码指派管理局ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) 因特网名字与号码指派公司ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol )因特网控制报文协议IDEA (International Data Encryption Algorithm) 国际数据加密算法IESG (Internet Engineering Steering Group) 因特网工程指导小组IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) 因特网工程部IFS (InterFrame Space) 帧间间隔IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) 因特网组管理协议IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol) 内部网关协议IM (Instant Messaging) 即时传信IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) 因特网报文存取协议IMP (Interface Message Processor) 接口报文处理机IntServ (Integrated Services) 综合服务IP (Internet Protocol )网际协议IPOA (IP Over ATM )IP 在ATM 上运行IPsec (IP security) IP 安全协议IPX (Internet Packet Exchange) Novell 公司的一种连网协议IR (InfraRed )红外技术IRTF (Internet Research Task Force )因特网研究部ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) 综合业务数字网ISO (International Organization for Standardization )国际标准化组织ISOC (Internet Society) 因特网协会ISP (Internet Service Provider) 因特网服务提供者ITU (International Telecommunication Union )国际电信联盟ITU-T (ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector) 国际电信联盟电信标准化部门JPEG (Joint Photographic Expert Group) 联合图像专家组标准KDC (Key Distribution Center) 密钥分配中心KDC (Key Distribution Center) 密钥分配中心LAN (Local Area Network )局域网LANE (LAN Emulation )局域网仿真LAPB (Link Access Procedure Balanced) 链路接入规程(平衡型)LCP (Link Control Protocol) 链路控制协议LDP (Label Distribution Protocol) 标记分配协议LLC (Logical Link Control) 逻辑链路控制LSP (Label Switched Path) 标记交换路径LSR (Label Switching Router) 标记交换路由器MAC (Medium Access Control) 媒体接入控制MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) 城域网MAU (Medium Attachment Unit) 媒体连接单元MBONE (Multicast Backbone On the InterNEt )多播主干网MBS (Maximum Burst Size )最大突发长度MCR (Minimum Cell Rate )最小信元速率MCU (Multipoint Control Unit)多点控制单元MD (Message Digest) 报文摘要MDI (Medium Dependent Interface )媒体相关接口MIB (Management Information Base) 管理信息库MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) 通用因特网邮件扩充MIPS (Million Instructions Per Second )百万指令每秒MOTIF (Message Oriented Text Interchange System) 面向报文的电文交换系统MPEG (Motion Picture Experts Group) 活动图像专家组标准MPOA (MultiProtocol Over ATM) 多协议在ATM 上运行MPLS (MultiProtocol Label Switching) 多协议标记交换MRU (Maximum Receive Unit) 最大接收单元MSS (Maximum Segment Size) 最长报文段MTU (Maximum Transfer Unit) 最大传送单元NAK (Negative AcKnowlegement) 否认帧NAP (Network Access Point) 网络接入点N.ISDN (Narrowband-ISDN) 窄带综合业务数字网NAT (Network Address Translation )网络地址转换NAV (Network Allocation Vector) 网络分配向量NCP (Network Control Protocol) 网络控制协议NFS (Network File System) 网络文件系统NIC (Network Interface Card) 网络接口卡、网卡NII (National Information Infrastructure) 国家信息基础结构,国家信息基础设施NLA ID (Next-Level Aggregation Identifier) 下一级聚合标识符NLRI (Network Layer Reachability Information) 网络层可达性信息NNI (Network-Node Interface) 网络结点接口NSF (National Science Foundation) (美国)国家科学基金会NVT (Network Virtual Terminal )网络虚拟终端CPU:Central Processing Unit,中央处理单元,又叫中央处理器或微处理器,被喻为电脑的心脏。
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ADSL称Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line非对称数字用户线路AGP图形系统接口ALU ATA IDE/ATA硬盘总线接口bps每秒位BIOS Bus
Byte Cache(也称高速缓冲储存器)CAD计算机辅助设计CAI计算机辅助教学(Computer Aided Instruction CAM computer Aided Manufacturing,计算机辅助制造CISC CIMS计算机集成制造系统C/S窗户端?服务器结构DBA DBMS
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol,动态主机配置协议DMA直接内存存取DNS域名系统Driver驱动DSL数字用户线路EPROM Ethernet FAT文件配置表FIFO
FCFS先来先服务算法Firewall防火墙FTP File Transfer Protocol,文件传输协议Gateway网关GBK扩展汉字编码
Hacker Hub IDE集成驱动电路接口Instruction Set Interface接口Interrupt Kernel LAN MAC介质访问控制MAN MIPS(Million Instructions Per Second MIS管理信息系统(Management Information System
MMU存储管理器MPC多媒体计算机MPU微处理器NOS OOP
OSL/RM PCB进程控制块Robot Router SCSI小型计算机系统接口SQL TCP/IP Telnet
Thread URL统一资源定位UPS快递(United Parcel Service USB Usenet新闻组VLSI VPN WAN WMP媒体播放器
注意:后面没有意思的是书后面有的,为了方便记忆,或者考试中忘了加大猜中概率,可以看简化中的字母的大概意思
PC计算机PU处理器
M微型或者多媒体
D数字(digital)设计(design)驱动(driver)
P端口(port)协议(Protocal)
U部件(unit)L逻辑的(logical)语言(language)大(large)
V超级(very)S系统(system)秒(second)
B公告板(board)总线(Bus)
I输入(input)接口(interface)
O输出(output)操作(operating)
C computer control complex
M制造(manufacturing)
T表(table)线程(Thread)
F文件(file)
N网(network)。