机电专业英语第2版8unit 8 Computer Numerical Controlled Machines.

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机电专业英语
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4. Turning Center Turning Centers were developed in the mid-1960s after studies showed that about 40 percent of all metal cutting operations were performed on lathes. These numerically controlled machines are capable of greater accuracy and higher production rates than were possible on the engine lathe. The basic turning center operates on only two axes: a. The X-axis controls the cross motion of the turret head. b. The Z-axis controls the lengthwise travel (toward or away from the headstock) of the turret head.
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In the past, machine tools were kept as simple as possible in order to keep their costs down. Because of the ever-rising cost of labor, better machine tools, complete with electronic controls, were developed so that industry could produce more and better goods at prices that were competitive with those offshore industries. NC is being used on all types of machine tools, from the simplest to the most complex. The most common machine tools are the single-spindle drilling machine, lathe, milling machine, turning center, and machining center.
Unit 8
Computer Numerical Controlled Machines
数控机床
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CNC machines
华中数控面板
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CNC Machines
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5. Machining Center Machining centers were developed in the 1960s so that a part did not have to be moved from machine to machine in order to perform various operations. These machines greatly increased production rates because more operations could be performed on a work-piece in one setup. There are two main types of machining centers, the horizontal and the vertical spindle types. a. The horizontal spindle-machining center operates on three axes: (a) The X-axis controls the table movement left or right. (b) The Y-axis controls the vertical movement (up and down) of the spindle. (c) The Z-axis controls the horizontal movement (in or out) of the spindle. b. The vertical spindle-machining center operates on three axes: (a) The X-axis controls the table movement left or right. (b) The Y-axis controls the table movement toward or away from the column. (c) The Z-axis controls the vertical movement (up and down) of the spindle.
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1. Single-Spindle Drilling Machine One of the simplest numerically controlled machine tools is the single-spindle drilling machine. Most drilling machines are programmed on three axes: a. The X-axis controls the table movement to the right and left. b. The Y-axis controls the table movement toward or away from the column. c. The Z-axis controls the up or down movement of the spindle to drill holes to depth.
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机电专来自百度文库英语
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3. Milling Machine Fig. 7-2 the vertical knee and column milling machine The milling machine has always been one of the most versatile machine tools used in industry (Fig.7-2). Operations such as milling, contouring, gear cutting, drilling, boring, and reaming are only a few of the many operations that can be performed on a milling machine4. The milling machine can be programmed on three axes: a. The X-axis controls the table movement left or right. b. The Y-axis controls the table movement toward or away from the column. c. The Z-axis controls the vertical (up and down)movement of the knee or spindle.
Unit 8 CNC machines
Early machines tools were operated by craftsmen who decided many variables such as speeds, feeds, and depth of cut, etc1. With the development of science and technology, a new term, numerical control (NC) appeared. Controlling a machine tool using a punched tape or stored program is known as numerical control (NC). NC has been defined by the Electronic Industries Association (EIA) as “A system in which actions are controlled by the direct insertion of numerical data at some point. The system must automatically interpret at least some portion of this datadj.”..
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knee [ni:] n. 升降台 turning ['tə:niŋ] n. 车削 headstock ['hedstɔk] n. 主轴承 accuracy ['ækjurəsi] n. 精确性，准确度，精度 work-piece [wə:kpi:s] n. 工件 horizontal ['hɔri'zɔntəl] adj. 水平的 vertical ['və:tikəl] adj. 垂直的，直立的 production rate 生产率 numerical control (NC) 数字控制 a punched tape 穿孔纸带
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2. Lathe The engine lathe, one of the most productive machine tools, has always been a very efficient means of producing round parts (Fig.7-1). Most lathes are programmed on two axes: a.The X-axis controls the cross motion (in or out) of the cutting tool. b.The Z-axis controls the carriage travel toward or away from the headstock .
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New words and phrases
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punch [pʌntʃ] n. 冲压机；钻孔机vt. 开洞；以拳重击vi. 用拳猛击 interpret [in'tə:prit] vt. 说明；口译vi. 解释；翻译 electronic [,ilek'trɔnik] adj. 电子的 drill [dril] n.训练；钻孔机vi. 钻孔；训练 carriage ['kæridʒ] n.（机床的）滑板；刀架 headstock ['hedstɔk] n. 主轴箱 milling ['miliŋ] n. 铣削 contouring [kən'tuəriŋ] n. 成形加工 boring ['bɔ:riŋ] n. 镗孔；镗削加工 reaming ['ri:miŋ] n. 铰孔 knee [ni:] n. 升降台 turning ['tə:niŋ] n. 车削