北师大版九年级英语全册unit9知识点语法点(含答案)

知识图谱

Unit 9 Save the Planet

知识精讲

一、必背词汇

reuse v. 再次使用

ton n. 吨

decay v. (使)烂，腐朽

replace v. 代替

bin n. 垃圾箱

recycling n. 回收利用

reduce v. 减少，缩小

global adj. 全球的，全世界的

organize v. 组织

vet n. 兽医

painful adj. 令人疼痛的；令人痛苦的

handbag n. 手提包

greatly adv. 非常，很

farmland n. 耕地，农田

affect v. 影响

expand v. 扩大，增加

worth adj. 有……的价值

seedling n. 秧苗，幼苗

proudly adv. 骄傲地

millionaire n. 百万富翁

prevent v. 防止，阻止

towards prep. 向，朝，对着

tap n. 水龙头

flush v. 冲(抽水马桶)；脸红

二、重点词汇

1. replace verb /r??ple?s/

to take the place of something, or to put something or someone in the place of something or someone else 代替；取代；接替；替换

例句：

The factory replaced most of its workers with robots.

这家工厂用机器人取代了大多数工人。

Tourism has replaced agriculture as the nation’s main indu stry.

旅游业取代了农业成为这个国家的主要产业。

2. reduce verb /r??d?u?s/

to become or to make something become smaller in size, amount, degree, importance, etc.

减少；减小；降低；缩小

例句：

Do nuclear weapons really reduce the risk of war?

核武器真的可以减小战争爆发的危险吗？

The plane reduced speed as it approached the airport.

当飞临机场时，飞机减慢了速度。

3. organize verb /???g?na?z/

1). to make arrangements for something to happen

安排；组织；筹划

例句：

They organized a meeting between the teachers and students.

他们组织了一次师生之间的会议。

She had organized a car to meet me at the airport.

她已安排了一辆车来机场接我。

2). to do or arrange something according to a particular system

（按某一体系）整理；安排

例句：

The books were organized on the shelves according to their size.

书按大小摆放在书架上。

My mother is always trying to organize me (= make me do things in the way she

likes).

我母亲总是想要我按她喜欢的方式行事。

4. affect verb /??fekt/

to have an influence on someone or something, or to cause a change in someone or something

影响；侵袭；感染；打动

例句：

Both buildings were badly affected by the fire.

两座大楼都被大火严重焚毁。

The divorce affected every aspect of her life.

离婚使她生活的各个方面都受到了影响。

5. worth adjective /w??θ/

1). having a particular value, especially in money

值…钱的

例句：

Our house is worth ￡200,000.

我们的房子价值约20万英镑。

Heroin worth about $5 million was seized.

缴获了价值约500万美元的海洛因。

2). the importance or usefulness of something or someone

重要性；作用

例句：

He felt as though he had no worth.

他觉得自己似乎无足轻重。

She has proved her worth on numerous occasions.

她已经在众多场合证明了自己的作用。

6. prevent verb /pr??vent/

to stop something from happening or someone from doing something

阻止，妨碍；预防

例句：

Label your suitcases to prevent confusion.

在你的手提箱上贴上标签以防弄混。

His disability prevents him (from) driving.

他有残疾，不能开车。

三、必背短语

1. take action 采取行动

2. global warming 全球变暖

3. car pool 拼车

4. take turns 轮流

5. to start with 首先

6. as usual 像往常一样

7. get hold of 抓住8. take part 参加，参与

四、经典句型

1. If we learn more about DNA, we will be able to treat more dieases.

如果对DNA能了解更多，我们将能够治疗更多的疾病。

2. Believe and act as if it were impossible to fail.

（他们）相信并进行（实验），就像决不会失败。

3. All of you have done great work and we had a very difficult time making a final choice this year.

你们所有人的工作都很出色，使我们很难做出最后的选择。

三点剖析

一、考点

1. 掌握本课核心词汇和固定搭配。

2. 特殊疑问句

特殊疑问句是以特殊疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。回答特殊疑问句时，不能用yes / no，即问什么答什么，尤其是简略回答。

1). 疑问词

(1). 疑问代词

特殊疑问句中疑问代词有：what(什么)，who(谁，作主语)，which(哪个，在一定范围内选择)，whose(谁的，指附属关系)，whom(谁，作宾语)等。

例句：

---Who is the girl over there? 那边那个女孩是谁？

---She is Ann, my little sister. 她是安，我的妹妹。

(2). 疑问副词

特殊疑问句中疑问副词有：when(何时，询问时间)，where(何地，询问地点)，why(为什么，询问原因)，how(如何，询问手段，方式，工具以及程度)等。

例句：

When and where shall we meet?

我们什么时间在哪见面呢？

(3). 疑问形容词

疑问句中what(which，whose)用法与形容词类似，后可加名词，如what time(什么时候)，what color(什么颜色)... ...，how much(多少) how long(多长)... ...等。

例句：

What color do you like best? 你最喜欢什么颜色？

2). 特殊疑问句的语序

特殊疑问句有两种语序:

1). 如疑问词作主语或主语的定语，即对主语或主语的定语提问，其语序是陈述句的语序：

Who is singing in the room? 谁在房间里唱歌？

Whose bike is broken? 谁的自行车坏了？

2). 如疑问词作其他成分，即对其他成分提问，其语序是:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句【特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语】

What time does he get up every morning? 他每天早上几点起床？

How do you know? 你怎么知道的？

二、易错点

情态动词的应用

情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。

1. can, could

1). 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。

Can you lift this heavy box? （体力）

Mary can speak three languages.（知识）

Can you skate? （技能）

此时可用be able to代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able to则有更多的时态。如：

I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.

2) 表示请求和允许。

---Can I go now?

--- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.

此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could, might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。

--- Could I come to see you tomorrow?

--- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )

3) 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。

They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.

This hall can hold 500 people at least.

4) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。

Can this be true?

This can’t be done by him.

How can this be true?

2. may, might

1) 表示请求和允许。might比may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t 或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。

---Might/ May I smoke in this room?

--- No, you mustn’t.

--- May/Might I take this book out of the room?

---- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t / mustn’t. )

2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。

May you succeed!

3) 表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。

might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。

He may /might be very busy now.

Your mother may /might not know the truth.

3. must, have to

1) 表示必须、必要。

You must come in time.

在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t（禁止，不准），而用needn’t, don’t have to（不必）.

--- Must we hand in our exercise books today?

--- Yes, you must.

--- No, you don’t have to / you needn’t.

2) must是说话人的主观看法，而have to则强调客观需要。Must只有一般现在时，have to 有更多的时态形式。

he play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.

I had to work when I was your age.

3) 表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）

You’re Tom’s go od friend, so you must know what he likes best.

Your mother must be waiting for you now.

4. dare, need

1). dare作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared。

How dare you say I’m unfair?

He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?

If we dared not go there that day，we couldn’t get the beautiful flowers.

2) need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to,

ought to, should代替。

You needn’t come so early.

--- Need I finish the work today?

--- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.

3) dare和need作实义动词用时，有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。

I dare to swim across this river.

He doesn’t dare (to) answer.

He needs to finish his homework today.

5. shall, should

1) shall 用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。

What shall we do this evening?

2) shall 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。

You shall fail if you don’t work hard.(警告)

He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺)

He shall be punished.(威胁)

6. will, would

1) 表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。

Will / Would you pass me the ball, please?

2) 表示意志、愿望和决心。

I will never do that again.

They asked him if he would go abroad.

3) would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯时比used to正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。

During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.

The wound would not heal.

4) 表示估计和猜想。

It would be about ten o’clock when she left home.

7. should, ought to

1). should, ought to表示“应该”，ought to表示义务或责任，比should语气重。

I should help her because she is in trouble.

You ought to take care of the baby.

2). 表示劝告、建议和命令。should, ought to可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。

You should / ought to go to class right away.

Should I open the window?

3). 表示推测

should , ought to (客观推测), must (主观推测)。

He must be home by now. (断定他已到家)

He ought to/should be home by now. (不太肯定)

This is where the oil must be. (直爽)

This is where the oil ought to/should be. (含蓄)

题模精选

题模一：Unit9 词汇应用

例1.1.1This sign is used _________ tourists to stay away from the lion in the zoo. A.to warn B.to warning

C.to make

D.to making

例1.1.2根据括号提示填空

1）. Everyone should try our best to _________ （减少）pollution.

2）. Lily _________ （watch）the famous movie now.

题模二：特殊疑问句和情态动词

例1.2.1---_________ do you like the film, Captain America 2?

---It’s wonderful! I like it very much.

A.How

B.Who

C.What

D.When

例1.2.2根据中文提示完成句子。

1）. 我们应该做些什么来组织全球变暖？

_________ _________ we do _________ _________ _________ _________?

2）. 我们需要立刻采取行动。

We _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.

随堂练习

随练1.1---Have you got any information about your missing dog?

---_________. We are still looking for it.

A.Not yet

B.I hope not

C.I think so

D.Of course

随练1.2Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily _________ the windows.

A.below

B.across

C.behind

D.against

随练1.3根据首字母和括号提示填空

1. The movie is very interesting. It is _________ （值得）watching again.

2. Government should do something to _________ （阻止）air pollution.

3. The Japanese _________ （循环利用）more than half their waste paper.

4. Our school often _________ （组织）school trip in spring.

5. They discussed what they should do _________ （protect）our planet.

6. There are _________ （hundred）of tons of rubbish there.

7. Don’t keep your friend _________ （wait）for so long.

8. They take _________ （turn）in cleaning the classroom.

随练1.4根据语境从方框中选择恰当的情态动词填空, 有的需要变换形式.

(1)Peter is a famous musician. He plays the violin and he ________ also plays the piano.

(2)The restaurant ________ be very good. It's always full of people.

(3)Bill and Sue go away on holiday very often so they ________ be short of money.

(4)Last night Don became ill suddenly. We ________ call a doctor.

(5)We have enough food at home so we ________ go shopping today.

(6)You ________ eat in class. It's against the rule.

随练1.5---_________ did you find it?

---In the forest.

A.why

B.Where

C.How

D.When

随练1.6_________ will the invitations be sent to our guests?

A.How often

B.How soon

C.How long

D.How far

随练1.7 ---Have you heard of a singer named Zhang Bichen?

---Yes. She is the singer _________ won the championship in The Voice of China III .

A.who

B.which

C.whom

D.what

拓展1 Class! Stop _________! Listen to me!

A.talk

B.talking

C.to talk

D.talked 拓展2 根据语篇内容, 用方框中所给词的正确形式填空, 使短文通顺、连贯.

Learn to share (分享)

One day, while I was sitting in my car in a parking area, I noticed a young boy in front of my car.

“What is the boy doing?” I asked myself and looked closely. “Oh, he is

(1)________up a coin from the ground.” When he (2)________ up, we saw each other

(3)________. He was not (4)________ than ten and was wearing one blue glove (手套) and one brown glove. His coat was too (5)________ for him.

As he walked away, I saw his (6)________, which were too old to wear. I rolled down my window and called him over. I asked him if he (7)________some money. He replied, “No. That's okay.”

The parking area was wet. I could tell that his (8)________ were cold because he kept moving his weight from one foot to the other.

“Please, ” I held out a five -dollar bill(钞票). “It's not much, but when the money is shared, it is much more (9)________,” I said.

He took off one of his gloves and took the money from my hand. His small hand was red and cold.

He smiled and went away after saying “Thank you!” to me. That smile made me

(10)________warm in the cold winter.

拓展3 从方框中选出适当的句子完成对话(有两个多余选项)

能力拓展

Zoe: Hi, Anna! What's your favourite country?

Anna: China. It has a rich and fascinating (吸引人的) history.

Zoe: (1)________

Anna: Oh, yes. I visited it four years ago.

Zoe: (2)________

Anna: My parents.

Zoe: (3)________

Anna: Yes, we went to the world's highest mountain, Mount Qomolangma.

Zoe: Wow! Did you climb to the top?

Anna: (4)________

Zoe: Where else did you go?

Anna: Well, we went to Beijing and climbed the Great Wall.

Zoe: (5)________ It must be fantastic.

Anna: Yeah. I think it's the greatest man-made wonder in the world. You should visit it some day.

拓展4根据汉语意思完成句子

(1)真可惜！你已错过了那场音乐会.

________ ________ ________! You have missed the concert.

(2)他默默地站在那里.

He stood there ________ ________.

(3)过了一会儿, 吉姆走出了教室.

________ ________ ________, Jim walked out of the classroom.

(4)你能想出一个更好的办法来解决这个问题吗?

Can you ________ ________ a better way to solve the problem?

(5)汤姆经常诱骗那个小男孩帮他做家务.

Tom often ________ the boy ________ helping him do the housework.

七年级下册英语知识点

Unit 1 Can you play the guitar? 1.Can you play the guitar? ①play sb.sth.”=“play sth.for sb.”表示“为某人播放……” 例如： Play me a song=Play a song for me.请为我放一首歌听听吧。 ②“play sth.on+乐器”表示“用乐器演奏…”，例如：The girl often play the English song on the piano.这个小女孩经常用钢琴演奏英文歌曲。 ③play chess“下国际象棋”，例如： Can you play chess?你会下棋吗？【误区警示】“下棋”用play chess,棋类之前不加冠词。 2．.I want to join the art club.我想加入艺术俱乐部。【用法透析】 1)句中join为动词，表示“加入，成为……的一员，连接，结合”等之意。例如： She wants to join the English club.她想加入英语俱乐部。 Come and join us.来加入我们吧。 Join the two maps togethes.把这两个地图连起来。 2)句中art为“艺术，美术”，如：an art teacher美术老师，an art lesson一堂美术课，an artist一位艺术家 2.Can you speak English? 你会讲英语吗？【易混辨析】speak/say/tell/talk speak意为“说话”，指说话的能力和方式，一般作不及物动词，意为“演讲”，作及物动词时，其后跟某种语言。例如： Who wants to speak at the meeting? 谁想在会议上发言？ Do you speak Chinese? 你会说汉语吗？ talk意为“谈话，交谈”，指相互间的谈话，一般作不及物动词时，要谈到某人某事时，后面接介词about 或of。例如：Don’t talk in class!不要在课堂说话。 Let’s talk to Mr Green.咱们跟格林先生谈谈吧。 say意为“说出，说过”，强调说话的内容。例如： Can you say it in English? 你能用英语说话吗？ They say China is great.他们说中国是伟大的。 tell意为“告诉”、“讲述”，to: Can you tell me about it?你能告诉我有关此事吗？ 4．Tom can play the quitar but he can’t play it very well.汤姆会弹吉它，但是他弹得不是很好。【用法透析】 1)这是一个由转折连词but连接并列句，前面的简单句是情态动词can的肯定句形式，后面的简单句是情态动词can的否定式。 2)句中veny well意为“很好”，是副词短词，常用来修饰句中的动词，放于句尾。如： She speaks English very well.她英语说得很好。 5．Are you good with children？你和孩子们相处得好吗？【用法透析】（1)be good with表示“与……相处得好”，例如： My father is good with my mother.我爸爸和我妈妈相处得好吗？（2）be good with的同义表达方式为：get on well with, 例如：How do you get on well with your friend? 你和你朋友相处得怎么样？【发散思维】be good at something表示“擅长做某事”，介词at后面可以直接接名词，如果接动词的话，

小学六年级英语语法毕业复习知识点【七大类】

小学六年级英语语法毕业复习知识点【七大类】一、词类动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分, 如不能一眼看出, 可用如下方法:先用“一( 量词)”( 如:一个、一张等)和这个词连起来说, 如说得通, 一般认为是名词;说不通再用“很”去判断, 就是把“很”和为个词连起来说, 说得通一般就是形容词;都说不通就是动词。( 目前我们学过的, 以后可能不同)( 另外一些很明显的, 如人称代词、数词、情态动词等一下就可以知道) 1、动词这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称, 其中包括行为动词( 就是我们平时总说的那种动词)、 be动词、情态动词。 ( 1)行为动词就是我们平时上课时说的动词, 表示某一动作或行为。如:sw eep、 live等。行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式:原形、 +s/es、 +ed、 +ing, 具体判断方法如下: ↗有, 就加ing读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看有无be动词( 若是be going to 就用原形)↘没有, 再看情态动词↗有, 就用原形↗有, 就加ed↘没有, 再看有无表示过去的时间状语↗是第三人称单数就加s或es ↘没有, 再看主语↘不是第三人称单数就用原形 ( 2)be动词a、 Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀:我用am, 你用are, is 用在他她它, 所有复数全用are。 b、肯定和否定句 I am ( not) from London. He is( not) a teacher. She is( not) in the dining room. My hair is( not) long. Her eyes are ( not) small. c、一般疑问句Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Is the cat fat? Yes, i t is. No, it isn’t. 我们现在学过的be动词大致分两类:is、 am、 are为一类, 一般用于一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时中, was和were为另一类, 一般用于一般过去时。判断步骤: ↗第一、三人称单数, 就用was↗有, 再看人称↘第二人称单数和所有复数, 就用were看有无表示过去的时间状语↗第一人称单数, 就用am↘ 没有, 再看人称→第三人称单数, 就有is↘第二人称单数和所有复数, 就用are ( 3)情态动词情态动词也是一类特殊的动词, 平时我们不把它说成是动词。情态动词可以和行为动词同时出现在同一个句子中。我们现在学过的情态动词有: can、 must、 should、 would、 may。接触最多的是can。情态动词后动词总是用原形。( 不受其他任何条件影响)

八下英语Unit5知识点

Unit5 What were you doing wneh the rainstorm came? 过去进行时态 ⑴ .用法：①过去某个时间正在发生的动作②过去某段时间正在发生的动作 ⑵ .与过去进行时连用的时间状语，常见的有at nine last night/at that time/ then/at this time yesterday ⑶过去进行时的构成：was\were +V-ing ⑷过去进行时的四个基本句型肯定句was\were +V-ing eg. He was cooking at six last night. 否定句wasn’t/weren’t+V-ing eg.He was not cooking at six last night. 一般疑问句Was/Were +主语+doing ....? eg.Was he cooking at six last night? 两回答Yes ,主语was/were.. No, 主语wasn’t/weren’t.. eg.Yes ,he was. No, he wasn’t. 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？eg.What was he doing at six last night? 1.at the time of 在...... 的时候 2.be busy doing sth忙于做某事 3.go off (闹钟)发出响；食物变质；灯熄灭； 4.take a shower 洗热水澡 5.begin to do/doing 开始做某事 6.pick up(the phone)=answer the phone接电话;捡起；拾起;（开车）接某人;学到；获得 7.feel like doing sth = would like/want to do sth想要做某事 8.with no light=without light 没有亮光 9.make/give a report 做报告It’s reported that… 据报道 10.see sb. do sth 看到某人做某事; see sb. doing sth 看到某人正在做某事 11.hear sb. do sth听见某人做某事；hear sb. doing sth听见某人正在做某事 hear about意为“听说”=hear of hear from意为“收到.......的来信；有.......的消息” 12.make sure确信；确保make sure to do sth 确定做某事 13.beat+比赛、竞争对手（人和球队）；win+战争、奖杯奖牌、比赛游戏 14.at first =at the beginning 首先；最初first of all 首先，第一 15.fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着-fell wake up 醒来-woke 16.die down逐渐减弱、逐渐消失 17.in a mess乱七八糟 18.in times of difficulty 在困难的时候 19.think of 想起，认为 20.be late for 迟到 21.sth happen to sb 某人出了某事（通常不好的事） 22.sb happen to sb 某人碰巧做某事It happened that…碰巧 23.take place发生，指事情有计划有安排地发生 24.by the side of the road 在路边 25.walk by 走过经过 25.ma ke one’s way to +地点… 在某人去……的路上（地点副词时to省略） by the way顺便说一下lose one’s way迷路on the/one’s way在去...的路上 26.remember to do sth记得去做某事（此事未做） remember doing sth记得做过某事（此事已做完） 27.be/get killed 被杀害

7下英语知识点

7下英语知识点姓名：班级：几组近义词：一、speak/say/tell/talk（说） eg:1.I can_____English. 2.Hello! Can I _______ to Tom? 1.Our teacher often _______” Don’t swim in the river alone.” 2.I want to _______ with you. 3.Let’s _______ about the wether. 4.Can you _______me a story? 5.He ______ us to arrive at school on time. 二、take/spend/pay/cost（花） 1.花某人一些时间做某事： 2.某人花一些时间做某事： 3.某人花一些钱在某物上： 4.某人为某物花一些钱： 5.某物花某人一些钱：三、Also/too/either(也) 肯定句子中用：肯定句尾用：否定句尾用： 1.I’m ten years old. He is____ ten years old. 2.I’m ten years old. He is ten years old,________. 3.I’m not ten years old. He isn’t ten years old,_________. 四、some/any. 1.There is_______water in the glass.

2.There isn’t_______water in the glass. 3.Is there _______water in the glass? 4.Would you like ______noodles? 5.How about _______flowers? 五、Still与yet 1.I am ________hungry. 2.I am not sure_________. 六、Interesting与interested 1.The story is ___________ 2.I am _________in soccer. 3.She is _________in the __________book. 类同词:bored/ boring,excited/exciting,relaxed/relaxing, Surprised/surprising 七、Shout at与shout to 八、Question 与problem 九、Other 与else 1.What ______can you see in the picture? 2.What _______animals can you see in the picture? 3.I have two sisters. One lives in Yibin ,_________lives in Beijing. 4.There are some people in the park.Some are taking a walk,______ are talking happily. 5.We should help each_______. 6.I don’t like this pen ,Can you show me __________ one.

六年级英语语法知识点汇总

六年级语法总复习一、词汇（一）一般过去时态一般过去时态表示在过去的某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。例如yesterday, last weekend ,last Saturday ,等连用。基本句型：主语+动词的过去式+其他。例句——What did you do last weekend?你上周做什么了？ ——I played football last weekend.我踢足球了。 ★规则动词过去式的构成 ⒈一般在动词原形末尾加-ed。例如：play—played ⒉词尾是e的动词直接加-d。例如：dance—danced ⒊末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。例如stop（停止）--stopped ⒋结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，变“y”为“i”，再加-ed，例如：study--studied ★一些不规则变化的动词过去式 am/is—was are—were go—went swim—swam fly—flew do—did have—had say—said see—saw take—took come—came become—became get—got draw—drew hurt—hurt read—read tell—told will—would eat—ate take—took make—made drink—drank sleep(睡觉)—slept cut（切）--cut sit(坐)—sat begin(开始)—began think—thought find—found run(跑)---ran buy—bought win—won give(给)—gave sing—sang leave—left hear（听）--heart wear—wore （二）一般现在时态一般现在时态表示包括现在时间在内的一段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态，表示习惯性或客观存在的事实和真理。常与often ,always ,usually ,sometimes ,every day等连用。基本句型分为两种情况： ●主语（非第三人称）+动词原形+其他。例句：——What do you usually do on the weekend?——I usually do my homework on the weekend. ●主语（第三人称）+动词的第三人称单数形式+其他。例句： ——What does Sarah usually do on the weekend?萨拉通常在周末干什么？ ——She usually does her homework on the weekend.她通常在周末做她的家庭作业。 ★动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则 ⒈一般直接在动词词尾加-s.例如：play—plays ⒉以s ,x ,ch,sh结尾的动词加-es。例如：watch—watches ⒊以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加es,例如：fly—flies ⒋个别不规则变化动词，需单独记忆，例如：do—does go—goes （三）现在进行时态现在进行时态表示说话人现在正在进行的动作。基本句型：主语+be+动词的-ing+其他。例如:——What are you doing ?你在干什么？ ——I am doing my homework..我正在做作业。 ★动词现在分词的变化规则 ⒈一般直接在词尾加ing ，例如;wash—washing ⒉以不发音e字母结尾的动词，去掉e ,再加ing.例如：make—making ⒊末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，要双写最后一个辅音字母再加ing.例如swim—swimming （四）一般将来时态一般将来时态表示将来某一时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间如tomorrow ,next weeken ,this afternoon 等连用。我们通常用will,be going to+动词原形来表示一般将来时态。

八年级下册英语语法知识点

1、Smell的用法smell作系动词后面跟形容词作表语例子：The milk in the a bit sour.瓶里的牛奶闻起来有点酸 2、What引导感叹句句型：what[a/an]+形容词+名词/名词性短语+主语+谓语 3、you like....?Would like意为想要可以直接跟宾语Would you like....?意为：你想要.....吗？回答为yes.../no... 例子：Would you like some noodles? 4、Try的用法作名词意为：努力，尝试。常用短语have a try：试试看try还可以做动词意为：尝试，努力。常用结构：try doing sth(尽力去做某事）/try to do sth（尝试去做某事） 5、Hear from sb的用法意为：收到某人的来信相当于get/receive a letter form sb. 注意：hear from的宾语是人，而get与receive的宾语是事物 6、Can’t wait to do sth.的用法Can’t wait to do sth意为：迫不及待做某事列子：Summer holiday is coming.Children can’t wait to go back home. 暑假快到了，孩子们都迫不及待地回家了。 7、With 具有；带有(1)with作介词，意为：具有；带有列子：I dream of a big house with a nice garden 我梦想拥有一个带花园的大房子(2)with+宾语+宾语补足语表示方式或伴随情况。宾语补足语由形容词、分词或介词短语来充当。列子：He left the room with the door open 他没关门就离开了房间。 8、Spend的用法(1) spend time ／money on sth.在……上花费时间(金钱). 例子：I spent two hours on this maths problem.这道数学题花了我两个小时.(2) spend time ／money (in) doing sth.花费时间(金钱)做某事. 例子：They spent two years (in) building this bridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间.(3)spend money for sth.花钱买…….(某物) 例子：His money was spent for books.他的钱用来买书了. 9、Be proud of..... 意为为...而感到骄傲无论什么情况都不用主格，因为是做介词of 的宾语，只能用宾格。如果主语和of后的词指代的是同一个人，就可以用反身代词，如：I'm proud of myself. You are proud of yourself. He is proud of himself. 如果主语和of 后的词指代的不是同一个人，不可用反身代词。如：I'm proud of you. You are proud of him. 感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel look smell sound taste。作为系动词这些词本身含有词义，但不能单独作为谓语，后面必须跟形容词构成表系结构，说明主语的状况、性质、特征等 10、What do/does sb.look like的用法What do/does sb.look like? 某人长什么样? 常用来形容外貌拓展：what is/are sb. Like?的用法what is/are sb. Like?意为某人怎么样？常用来形容性格 11、Close的用法close意为靠近；接近（1）close可作为副词列子：We sat close together.我们紧挨着坐在一起（2）close作形容词表示空间、时间上的接近相当于never。句型；be close to 意为：离....很近（3）close可作为动词意为：关闭反义词：open 12、While的用法while意为：当....的时候(1)while作连词引导时间状语从句，强调句中的动作与主句中的动作同时发生，但持续时间较长或主句的动作在从句的动作过程中发生。(2)while还可以用来表示对比，连接两个并列句子，对比某两件事物。 13、When的用法when引导的时间状语从句when意为：当(在)......的时候既可以连接一个时间点，又可以连接一个时间段。When引导的从句中的谓语多用终止性(瞬间)动词，主从句的动作可以同时发生也可以有先后顺序发生。列子：When I got back, I found my mother cooking for me. 当我回家时，我发现妈妈正在为我做饭。

六年级英语语法汇总

六年级英语语法知识汇总一、词类： 1、动词：行为动词、be动词、情态动词。（1）行为动词原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing，具体判断方法如下：（2）be动词a、Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，所有复数全用are。 b、肯定和否定句I am (not) from London. He /She is(not) a teacher. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small. c、一般疑问句Am I …? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are you/they…? Yes,we/ they are. No,we/ they aren’t. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t. is、am、are为一类，一般用于一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时中。 was和were为另一类，一般用于一般过去时。（3）情态动词can、must、should、would、may。情态动词后动词总是用原形。（不受其他任何条件影响） 2、名词这里强调两点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was。如何加后缀：a．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds b．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches c．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries d．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives e．不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet ,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 3、形容词（包括副词）形容词表示某一事物或的特征，副词表示某一动作的特征。形容词和副词只有两种形式：原形和+er。未作比较的情况下就用原形，比较时就+er。两个重要特征：as……as中间一定用原形，有than的时候一定+er。人称代词：有主格和宾格之分。一般动词前用主格，动词后用宾格。物主代词：有两类：形容词性物主代词（短的）和名词性物主代词（长的）一般看后面有没有名词，如有，就用形容词性物主代词（短的）；如无，就用名词性物主代词（长的）。 5、数量词:我们学过两类：基数词和序数词。基数用于表示数量多少，而基数词用于表示次序，常在日期中出现。序数词的前面一般都加the。 6、冠词:有a、an、the。a和an的区别：an用于元音音素（一般就是元音字母aeiou）前，a用于辅音音素前。二、否定句：be动词（am、is、are、was、were）+not、情态动词（can、must、should）+ not、助动词（do、does、did）+ not如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句： 1、看句中有无b e动词，如有，直接在b e动词后+ not。 2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，直接在情态动词后+ not。

八年级下英语知识点

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