20春《国际经济学》作业4答卷
国际经济学试题及答案（题库）
国际经济学试题及答案（题库）国际经济学习题集及参考答案一、填空、选择、判断题（每题1分）：第一章：1、国际贸易理论以微观经济学原理为基础，讨论世界范围内的资源配置问题。
2、最常用国际贸易模型的结构形式为两个国家、两种产品（或部门）和两种要素。
3、在完竞争的假设前提下，封闭条件下的相对价格是国际贸易产生的基础。
4、国家间的供给、需求方面的差异是造成相对价格的根源。
5、贸易后，国际均衡价格由两国的供需共同决定，国际均衡价格处于两国封闭下的相对价格之间。
6、国际贸易利益包括两个部分：来自交换的利益和来自专业化的利益。
7、贸易理论主要围绕三个问题展开：国际贸易的格局、国际贸易的条件、国际贸易的收益。
第二章：1、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别；李嘉图的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。
2、哈伯勒首先用机会成本概念来阐明比较优势论。
3、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有：限制进口和鼓励出口，采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。
4、李嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本，而是相对成本。
5、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别；劳动生产率的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。
6、在李嘉图模型中，生产可能性边界线方程是一个线性方程式，表示A、B两国的PPF曲线是一条直线段。
7、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有：限制进口和鼓励出口，采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。
8、李嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本，而是相对成本。
9、机会成本概念表明：彼种选择的机会成本就构成此种选择的机会成本。
选择题：1、首先用机会成本理论来解释比较优势原理的学者是： C、A、李嘉图B、罗布津斯基C、哈伯勒D、穆勒第三章：1、要素禀赋理论最初是由赫克歇尔和俄林提出的，后经萨缪尔森等人加工不断完善。
北语20春《国际经济学》作业_4
20春《国际经济学》作业_4一、单选题1.(4分)货币的含金量之比又称（b）A. A购买力平价B. B铸币平价C. C铸币数量D. D铸币本位知识点： 13.1资本国际流动概述2.(4分)开放经济条件下的均衡意味着（ d）。
A. 国际收支与商品市场同时均衡B. 国际收支与货币市场同时均衡C. 商品市场和货币市场同时均衡D. 国际收支、商品市场与货币市场的同时均衡知识点： 10.5宏观经济政策的国际协调3.(4分)设一年前美元对人民币的汇率是1美元等于6.8468元人民币，假设美国的物价比前一年上升8%，而中国的物价水平上升10%，则美元与人民币之间理论上的汇率为( a）。
A. 6.9736B. 7.085C. 6.7223D. 6.5876得分： 4知识点： 8.1外汇与汇率4.(4分)中国采取的汇率制度是（b）A. A．固定汇率制度B. B．完全自由浮动汇率制度C. C．有管理的浮动汇率制度D. D．钉住汇率制度知识点： 8.1外汇与汇率5.(4分)世界贸易组织是约束各成员之间贸易规范和贸易政策的（db）A. A．世界经济集团B. B．国际经济组织C. C．区域经济组织D. D．国际一体化组织知识点： 6.1多边贸易体制与经济一体化6.(4分)下述不能有效改善初级产品出口国在国际贸易中的地位和处境的方法是（ d）A. A．有计划地控制出口规模B. B．进行深加工，获取更多的附加值C. C．利用差别产品的方法扩大出口品需求弹性D. D．扩大生产规模以期获得规模经济的利益得分： 4知识点： 2.4规模经济、不完全竞争与国际贸易7.(4分)蒙代尔等提出了国际收支的货币调整法，其理论基础是（c）A. A．价格—铸币流动机制B. B．利息平价理论C. C．资产选择机制D. D．理性预期理论得分： 0知识点： 9.4国际收支的货币分析法8.(4分)劳动力在各国间的流动通常会使劳动力流入国( b）。
A. 财政总收入增加，公共设施利用率提高B. 财政总收入增加，公共设施利用率下降C. 财政总收入减少，公共设施利用率提高D. 财政总收入减少，公共设施利用率下降得分： 4知识点： 14.1劳动力国际流动概述9.(4分)1982年后石油价格下跌的原因不包括（a ）A. 非石油输出国组织增加石油生产和出口B. 西方国家寻找替代能源，减少对石油的依赖C. 石油输出国组织成员国的背叛行为D. 西方大石油公司对产油国生产和订价垄断经营得分： 4知识点： 3.4增长与贸易的相互作用10.(4分)从（d ）以后，欧元区内各国的原货币完全退出流通，欧元成为欧元区内国家唯一的货币。
20春北理工《国际经济学》在线作业-0004答案46561
北理工《国际经济学》在线作业-0004
红字部分为答案！
单选题
1.强调贸易保护对促进就业积极作用的是()。
A.重商主义
B.幼稚产业保护理论
C.贸易乘数理论
D.战略性贸易政策理论
2.最佳关税水平应等于()。
A.零进口关税
B.零进口关税与禁止性关税之间的水平
C.禁止性关税
D.禁止性关税以上
3.从本质上讲，出口补贴是保护()的利益
A.政府
B.生产者集团
C.消费者集团
D.全体国民
4.马歇尔在确定两国进行贸易的均衡贸易条件时运用的是()。
A.相互需求法则
B.相互需求曲线
C.投入产出曲线
D.成本曲线
5.一国出口品价格指数上升，()。
A.会导致该国的贸易条件改善
B.会导致该国的贸易条件恶化
C.不影响该国的贸易条件
D.表明该国出口同样数量的产品，可以换来比过去更少的进口品
6.支出转移政策的实质是()。
A.削减国际收支持续赤字
B.减轻国内通货膨胀压力
C.降低国内利率
D.在总需求的内部进行结构性的调整，使得总需求的构成在国内吸收与净出口之间保持恰当的比例
7.幼稚工业保护理论提出保护幼稚产业的措施是()。
A.关税
B.配额
C.进口许可
D.产品技术标准
8.以下哪个不是凯恩斯指出的顺差过大的影响()。
A.物价下降
B.贸币供给过多。
北语 20春《国际经济学》作业_1234
1.按照技术差距贸易论，技术差距决定了国际贸易的某种格局。
答：正确
2.产品的生命周期理论为发展中国家利用所谓的"后发优势"提供了理论基础。
答：正确
3.在进出口需求无弹性的情况下，货币贬值能改善贸易收支，即增加出口，减少进口。
答：错误
4.跨国公司是指在两个或两个以上国家的实体所组成的公营、私营或混合所有制形式的企业。
C. C自发存在的国际货币体系和人为安排组织的国际货币体系
D. D布雷顿森林体制和牙买加体制
二、多选题(每题4分,共4道小题,总分值16分)
1.国际收支平衡表中经常项目的内容包括（）。
A.商品贸易收支
B.对外投资收支
C.劳务收支
D.经常转移
2.以下关于布雷顿森林体系说法正确的有（）。
A.建立国际货币基金组织
C.共同生产要素的相互使用
D.企业内部生产规模的扩大
2.根据经济联合的形式以及国家主权让渡程度的不同，经济一体化形式分为(）。
A.自由贸易区
B.关税同盟
C.经济联盟
D.xx
3.影响一国汇率变动的主要因素有（）。
A.经济增长
B.国际收支
C.资本流动
D.通货膨胀率
4.国际收支的各种差额中，基本差额包括(）。
A.零
B.小于需求弹性
C.大于需求弹性
D.无穷大
答：D
6.已知A国生产1单位的X和Y商品分别耗费3和5个单位的劳动，要使两国都具有绝对优势，则B国生产1单位的X和Y商品分别耗费多少单位的劳动：（）
A. 1，6
B. 2，4
C. 3，4
D. 4，7
答：A
北语网院20春《国际经济学》作业_4答案
(单选)1：货币的含金量之比又称（）
B：A购买力平价
C：B铸币平价
D：C铸币数量
E：D铸币本位
正确答案：C
(单选)2：开放经济条件下的均衡意味着（）。
A：国际收支与商品市场同时均衡
B：国际收支与货币市场同时均衡
C：商品市场和货币市场同时均衡
D：国际收支、商品市场与货币市场的同时均衡
正确答案：D
(单选)3：设一年前美元对人民币的汇率是1美元等于6.8468元人民币，假设美国的物价比前一年上升8%，而中国的物价水平上升10%，则美元与人民币之间理论上的汇率为( ）。
A：6.9736
B：7.085
C：6.7223
D：6.5876
正确答案：A
(单选)4：中国采取的汇率制度是（）
B：A．固定汇率制度
C： B．完全自由浮动汇率制度
D：C．有管理的浮动汇率制度
E： D．钉住汇率制度
正确答案：D
(单选)5：世界贸易组织是约束各成员之间贸易规范和贸易政策的（）
B：A．世界经济集团
C：B．国际经济组织
D：C．区域经济组织
E： D．国际一体化组织
正确答案：C
(单选)6：下述不能有效改善初级产品出口国在国际贸易中的地位和处境的方法是（）B：A．有计划地控制出口规模
C：B．进行深加工，获取更多的附加值
D：C．利用差别产品的方法扩大出口品需求弹性
E：D．扩大生产规模以期获得规模经济的利益
正确答案：E
(单选)7：蒙代尔等提出了国际收支的货币调整法，其理论基础是（）。
北语20新上《国际经济学》作业4答案
(单选题)1: 购买力平价理论的基本思想是：不同货币之间的兑换比率取决于它们各自具有的（）的对比。
A: 购买力
B: 价值
C: 汇率
D: 利率
正确答案: A
(单选题)2: 下列不属于浮动汇率制度类型的是（）。
A: 可调整的固定汇率制度
B: 有管理的浮动汇率制度
C: 单独浮动汇率制度
D: 联合浮动汇率制度
正确答案: A
(单选题)3: 布雷顿森林体系的特点之一是：它是一个全球性的（）。
A: 国际金本位制
B: 国际金汇兑本位制
C: 国际银本位制
D: 国际复本位制
正确答案: B
(单选题)4: 利用同一时间、不同地点两种相同货币汇率的不一致，以低价买入、高价卖出该种货币来谋取利润的一种外汇交易称为（）。
A: 套利交易
B: 套汇交易
C: 外汇期权交易
D: 外汇期货交易
正确答案: B
(单选题)5: 从（）以后，欧元区内各国的原货币完全退出流通，欧元成为欧元区内国家唯一的货币。
A: 1991年1月1日
B: 2000年7月1日
C: 2002年1月1日
D: 2002年7月1日
正确答案: D
(单选题)6: 发达国家劳务输出的结构特点是（）。
A: 要素性劳务输出
B: 非要素性劳务输出中的消费性服务
C: 非要素性劳务输出中的生产性服务
D: 大规模劳务输出
正确答案: C。
北语 20春《国际经济学》作业_1234
20春《国际经济学》作业_1一、单选题( 每题4分, 共11道小题, 总分值44分)1.比较利益理论认为国际贸易的驱动力是（）A. A.劳动生产率的差异B. B.技术水平的差异C. C.产品品质的差异D. D.价格的差异答：A 【131】【9666】【2906】2.人们较注重名义货币收入，而对物价的变化并不敏感的效应称为（）。
A. 货币幻觉效应B. 真实货币余额效应C. 收入再分配效应D. 资源再分配效应答：A3.三元悖论成立的前提是（）A. A完全竞争市场B. B开放经济C. C封闭经济D. D垄断答：B4.下列不属于判断一种外币资产是否为外汇的标准的是（）。
A. 价值性B. 可偿性C. 可兑换性D. 国际通用性答：A5.在分析货币贬值对贸易收支的影响时，小国所面临的供给弹性是（）A. 零B. 小于需求弹性C. 大于需求弹性D. 无穷大答：D6.已知A国生产1单位的X和Y商品分别耗费3和5个单位的劳动，要使两国都具有绝对优势，则B国生产1单位的X和Y商品分别耗费多少单位的劳动：（）A. 1，6B. 2，4C. 3，4D. 4，7答：A7.在马歇尔—勒纳条件中，进出口需求弹性应满足（），本币贬值才能有效的使国际收支得到改善。
A. 进口需求弹性为正，出口需求弹性为正B. 进口需求弹性为正，出口需求弹性为负C. 进口需求弹性为负，出口需求弹性为正D. 进口需求弹性为负，出口需求弹性为负答：A8.以下选项中，哪个选项不属于国际收支统计中居民的概念？A. A 外国企业B. B 非盈利机构C. C 国际经济组织D. D 政府答：C9.根据国际生产折衷理论，企业要从事对外直接投资活动，必须具备的优势不包括（）。
A. 所有权优势B. 区位优势C. 内部化优势D. 比较优势答：D10.规模经济是指( )。
A. 产品的单位成本随产量增加而递减B. 产品的单位成本随产量增加而递增C. 产品的单位成本不随产量变化D. 要素投入的增加导致产出的增加答：A11.从历史发展看，最为成功的国际卡特尔是（）A. A.烟草贸易公司B. B.铁路运输公司C. C.橡胶生产国组织D. D.石油输出国组织答：D二、多选题( 每题4分, 共4道小题, 总分值16分)1.外国企业产品在进口国的需求弹性受到影响的因素有（）。
国际经济学作业4
1.“中国加入世贸组织会造成工人工资下降，失业增加。
”你同意这种观点吗？请说明理由。
答：不同意。
在长期而言，根据斯托尔珀—萨米尔森定理可知，国际贸易使在出口产品中密集使用的生产要素报酬提高，在进口产品生产中密集使用的生产要素的报酬降低。
据现状可知中国出口劳动密集型产品，进口资本密集型产品，则其要素报酬可以用等式表示为：出口行业：劳动力报酬(上升)=（长期上升）短期上升L X MP P *)( 资本报酬（？）=)(长期下降（短期上升）K X MP P * 进口行业：劳动力报酬（？）=（长期上升）短期下降L I MP P *)( 资本报酬（下降）=（长期下降）（短期下降）KI MP P * 又根据H-O-S 定理，即生产要素价格均等化定理，出口行业和进口行业的资本报酬和劳动力报酬在长期是趋向均等的，就可以确定在出口行业的资本报酬也是下降的，在进口行业的劳动力报酬是上升的。
因此，中国工人工资是上升的，且处于供不应求状态，需求增加，不会增加失业。
2.“自由贸易使穷国受损富国收益。
”请评论答：这种观点是错误的。
根据比较优势理论，不管一个国家是穷国还是富国，其只需要通过出口具有比较优势的产品进口具有比较劣势的产品来达到专业化的分工生产，优化资源配置，同时增进本国的社会福利水平。
图示分析如下：原来的消费组合A 来说，C 点所在的社会无差异曲线更远离原点，即代表了更高的社会福利水平。
所以，每一个国家都可以从国际贸易中受益，而不管它富国还是穷国。
3.在特定要素模型中，试讨论以下定理是否继续成立？ （1）斯托尔珀---萨缪尔森定理 （2）雷布津斯基定理 答：（1）S-S 定理认为：长期而言，在出口行业密集使用的生产要素价格提高，在进口行业密集使用的要素价格会降低。
而根据特定要素模型的结论，假设一国出口劳动密集型产品小麦，进口资本密集型产品钢铁，则小麦行业的特定要素（土地）受益率提高无论名义收益率O 小麦假设一国拥有生产小麦的相对优势和生产钢铁的相对劣势，国内比价线为0P 国际比价线为1P 。
国际经济学答案（4）
国际经济学答案（4）Chapter 5Factor Endowments and Trade I:The Specific Factors ModelSuggested Answers to Textbook Questions1.The average product can be found from the slope of a ray from the origin to points on the totalproduct curve. This reveals that the curve slopes downwards and lies everywhere above the marginal product. The total wage payments are represented by the area of the rectangle formed by BODL0and the return to land is given by the area ABDC.2. Both an increase in the price of food and an increase in the quantity of land will raise wages. Whichraises wages by a greater amount depends upon the slopes of the VMP curves. Both will also reduce the return to capital. If both changes cause an equal increase in wages, then the second will bepreferred by workers, as prices will not increase as they do in the first case. A similar story can be told for capitalists. Note that an increase in the price of food leads to landowners unambiguously gaining, whereas an increase in the amount of land leads to landowners unambiguously losing.3. If there is immigration, wages will fall. The competitive profit conditions then imply that the returnsto both capital and land should increase. A tariff on manufactures will raise their price. This will raise the VMP of labor in the manufacturing sector, thus attracting workers away from sheep farming. The loss of labor in the sheep sector will reduce the returns to land, thus hurting sheep station owners. 4. An increase in the amount of land raises the marginal product of labor in food production, and thedecrease in capital lowers the marginal product of labor in clothing production. Thus, labor will move from the clothing sector to the food sector. In the absence of trade, this movement in the relativesupplies of goods will alter the relative prices of the two goods, with the relative price of fooddecreasing. Thus, the return to land will fall and the return to capital will rise. With trade, the prices of the goods are fixed. Thus, the factor returns will move due to the changes in the factor proportions.The return to capital will rise and the return to land will fall. If the country trades at world prices, then there will very little change in land rents.Multiple Choice Questions1. The law of diminishing returns states that as you use more of a variable factor in combination with a fixed factorAnswer: (c)Chapter 5 Factor Endowments and Trade I: The Specific Factors Model 292. At constant commodity price, labor growthAnswer: (b)3. If the value of the marginal product of labor exceeds the wage rate then firms willAnswer: (a)4. The owners of the specific factors will lobby together forAnswer: (d)5. Under constant returns to scale, if wages and the return to capital both rise by 10 percent, then Answer: (c)6. If wages rise by 10% and the return to capital rises by 20%, which of the following is a possible increase in the price of a good that uses both labor and capital as inputs?Answer: (d)7. In a specific factors model, if a firm wishes to increase output,Answer: (c)8. In a two sector specific factors model with labor mobile across sectors,Answer: (b)9. If tastes shift towards food and away from clothing, then in a specific factors framework with labor mobile across sectors,Answer: (a)10. In a specific factors framework with labor as the mobile factor, immigration willAnswer: (e)11. In a specific factors framework with labor as the mobile factor, an increase in the capital stock will Answer: (d)12. In a specific factors framework with labor as the mobile factor and land as the factor specific to the food sector, an increase in food prices willAnswer: (d)13. In a specific factors framework with labor as the mobile factor and capital as the factor specific to the clothing sector, which of the following is a possible result of a 10 percent increase in clothing prices? Answer: (a)14. Assuming workers consume primarily the import good, labor will allocate large resources to lobby with the specific factor used in the import competing sector toAnswer: (e)30 Caves/Frankel/Jones - World Trade and Payments: An Introduction, Tenth Edition15. In the specific factors framework, a 15 percent increase in the return to land and a 2 percent increase in the wage rate could be the result ofAnswer: (a)16. In a specific factors framework with labor as the mobile factor, capitalists will promote policies that Answer: (e)17. In a specific factors framework, the “Dutch Disease” occurs whenAnswer: (b)18. With non-traded goods, a boom in an export sector (assuming labor is mobile across sectors) withouta shift in demand willAnswer: (b)19. If the price of clothing decreases by 10 percent, which of the following could occur?Answer: (c)20. Which of the following groups is most likely to oppose immigration into the US?Answer: (c)。
北语20秋《国际经济学》作业4参考答案
C.共同生产要素的相互使用
D.企业内部生产规模的扩大
答案:ABC
12.非关税壁垒除进口配额外，还包括（）。
A.“自愿”出口限制
B.歧视性政府采购政策
C.国产化程度要求
D.新兴贸易壁垒
答案:ABCD
13.按照征税对象，关税可分为（）。
A.进口关税
B.保护关税
C.出口关税
D.过境税
答案:ACD
14.国际货币体系的内容包括（）。
A.国际储备资产的确定
B.汇率制度的确定
C.国际收支调节的方式
D.国际金融机构管理
答案:ABC
15.国际收支账户所记录的经常项目包括（）。
A.贸易和服务
B.收入
C.经常转移
D.知识产权
答案:ABC
三、判断题(共5道试题,共25分)
16.J－曲线效应说明货币贬值最初可能会扩大贸易赤字。
B.提高国民收入，减少国民吸收
C.减少国民收入，增加国民吸收
D.减少国民收入和国民吸收
答案:B
6.国际经济一体化组织的各种形式中，唯一不存在权利让渡的是（）。
A.共同市场
B.关税同盟
C.自由贸易区
D.经济联盟
答案:C
7.期限为一年或一年以内的资本流动称为（）。
A.资本流出
B.资本流入
C.长期资本流动
答案:错误
以下内容不需要的请删除
北交《JAVA语言设计》在线作业一-0006
试卷总分:100 得分:100
一、单选题 (共 25 道试题,共 75 分)
1.在Java中，表示换行符的转义字符是( )
A.\n
B.\f
C.\dd
国际经济学作业答案第四章
国际经济学作业答案-第四章Chapter 4 Resources and Trade: The Heckscher-Ohlin ModelMultiple Choice Questions1. In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, an influx of workers from across the border would(a) move the point of production along the production possibility curve.(b) shift the production possibility curve outward, and increase the production of both goods.(c) shift the production possibility curve outward and decrease the production of the labor-intensiveproduct.(d) shift the production possibility curve outward and decrease the production of the capital-intensive product.(e) None of the above.Answer: D2. In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, the two countries differ in(a) tastes.(b) military capabilities.(c) size.(d) relative availabilities of factors of production.(e) labor productivities.Answer: D3. In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, a change from autarky (no trade) to trade willbenefit the owners of(a) capital.(b) the relatively abundant factor of production.(c) the relatively scarce factor of production.(d) the relatively inelastic factor of production.(e) the factor of production with the largest elasticity of substitution.Answer: B4. In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, a change from autarky (no trade) to trade(a) will tend to make the wages in both countries more similar.(b) will equalize the wages in both countries.(c) will tend to make the wages in both countries less similar.(d) will tend to make wages equal to returns to capital.(e) will tend to make rents equal to interest rates.Answer: A国际经济学作业答案-第四章5. The Leontieff Paradox(a) supported the validity of the Ricardian theory of comparative advantage.(b) supported the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.(c) failed to support the validity of the Ricardian theory.(d) failed to support the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.(e) proved that the U.S. economy is different from all others.Answer: D6. The Leontieff Paradox(a) refers to the finding that U.S. exports were more labor intensive than its imports.(b) refers to the finding that U.S. Exports were more capital intensive than its exports.(c) refers to the finding that the U.S. produces outside its Edgeworth Box.(d) still accurately applies to today’s pattern of U.S. international trade.(e) refers to the fact that Leontieff—an American economist—had a Russian name.Answer: A7. The 1987 study by Bowen, Leamer and Sveikauskas(a) supported the validity of the Leontieff Paradox.(b) supported the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.(c) used a two-country and two-product framework.(d) demonstrated that in fact countries tend to use different technologies.(e) proved that the U.S.’s comparative advantage relied on skilled labor.Answer: A8. Empirical observations on actual North-South trade patterns tend to(a) support the validity of the Leontieff Paradox.(b) support the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.(c) support the validity of the Rybczynski Theorem.(d) support the validity of the wage equalization theorem.(e) support the validity of the neo-imperialism exploitation theory.Answer: B9. The Case of the Missing Trade refers to(a) the 9th volume of the Hardy Boys’ Mystery series.(b) the fact that world exports does not equal world imports.(c) the fact that factor trade is less than predicted by the Heckscher-Ohlin theory.(d) the fact that the Heckscher Ohlin theory predicts much less volume of trade than actually exists.(e) None of the above.Answer: C国际经济学作业答案-第四章10. If the Unted States had relatively more capital per worker than Mexico, and if the Leontieff Paradoxapplied to this trade, then a successful expansion of trade under NAFTA between Mexico and the United States would tend to benefit which group in the United States?(a) Environmentalists(b) Capitalists(c) Workers(d) Land owners(e) Skilled labor with relatively high levels of human capitalAnswer: C11. According to the Heckscher-Ohlin model, the source of comparative advantage is a country’s(a) technology.(b) advertising.(c) human capital.(d) factor endowments.(e) Both (a) and (b).Answer: D12. The Hechscher-Ohlin model states that a country will have a comparative advantage in the good orservice whose production is relatively intensive in the ______ with which the country is relatively abundant.(a) tastes(b) technology(c) factor of production(d) opportunity cost(e) scale economyAnswer: C13. One way in which the Heckscher-Ohlin model differs from the Ricardo model of comparativeadvantage is by assuming that __________ is (are) identical in all countries.(a) factor of production endowments(b) scale economies(c) factor of production intensities(d) technology(e) opportunity costsAnswer: D14. According to the Hecksher-Ohlin model,(a) everyone automatically gains from trade(b) the scarce factor necessarily gains from trade(c) the gainers could compensate the losers and still retain gains.(d) a country gains if its exports have a high value added.(e) None of the above.Answer: C国际经济学作业答案-第四章15. The Heckscher-Ohlin model assumes that _____ are identical in all trading countries(a) tastes(b) technologies(c) factor endowments(d) Both (a) and (b).(e) None of the above.Answer: B16. As opposed to the Ricardian model of comparative advantage, the assumption of diminishing returnsin the Heckscher-Ohlin model means that the probability is greater that with trade(a) countries will not be fully specialized in one product.(b) countries will benefit from free international trade.(c) countries will consume outside their production possibility frontier.(d) comparative advantage is primarily supply related.(e) None of the above.Answer: A17. Starting from an autarky (no-trade) situation with Heckscher-Ohlin model, if Country H is relativelylabor abundant, then once trade begins(a) wages and rents should rise in H(b) wages and rents should fall in H(c) wages should rise and rents should fall in H.(d) wages should fall and rents should rise in H.(e) None of the above.Answer: C18. Which of the following is false (for the Heckscher-Ohlin model)?(a) If tastes are not identical in both countries, wages may still equalize.(b) Differences in technologies could be the source of gains from trade.(c) Some groups may gain and some may lose due to trade.(d) Gains for the trade-related winners will tend to be larger than losses of losers.(e) None of the above.Answer: B19. If tastes differed between countries, this could affect(a) wage equalization due to trade with no specialization.(b) the direction of trade (who exports what to whom).(c) the fact that some groups in a country might lose welfare due to trade.(d) the fact that the country as a whole will gain from trade.(e) None of the above.Answer: B国际经济学作业答案-第四章20. Suppose that there are two factors, capital and land, and that the United States is relatively landendowed while the European Union is relatively capital-endowed. According to the Heckscher-Ohlin model,(a) European landowners should support U.S.-European free trade.(b) European capitalists should support U.S.-European free trade.(c) all capitalists in both countries should support free trade.(d) all landowners should support free trade.(e) None of the above.Answer: B21. According to the Heckscher-Ohlin model, if the United States is richly endowed in human-capitalrelative to Mexico, then as NAFTA increasingly leads to more bilateral free trade between the two countries,(a) the United States will find its industrial base sucked into Mexico.(b) Mexico will find its relatively highly skilled workers drawn to the United States.(c) The wages of highly skilled U.S. workers will be drawn down to Mexican levels.(d) The wages of highly skilled Mexican workers will rise to those in the United States.(e) The wages of highly skilled Mexican workers will fall to those in the United States.Answer: E22. Assume that only two countries, A and B, exist.Consider the following data:CountriesFactor Endowments A BLabor Force 45 20Capital Stock 15 10If good S is capital intensive, then following the Heckscher-Ohlin Theory,(a) country A will export good S.(b) country B will export good S.(c) both countries will export good S.(d) trade will not occur between these two countries.(e) Insufficient information is given.Answer: B23. Continuing from Question #22, if you are told that Country B is very much richer than Country A,then the correct answer is:(a) country A will export good S.(b) country B will export good S.(c) both countries will export good S.(d) trade will not occur between these two countries.(e) insufficient information is given.Answer: B国际经济学作业答案-第四章24. Continuing from Question #22, you are told that Country B is very much larger than country A. Thecorrect answer is:(a) country A will export good S.(b) country B will export good S.(c) both countries will export good S.(d) trade will not occur between these two countries.(e) insufficient information is given.Answer: B25. Continuing from Question #22, you are told that Country B has no minimum wage or child laborlaws. Now the correct answer is:(a) country A will export good S.(b) country B will export good S.(c) both countries will export good S.(d) trade will not occur between these two countries.(e) Insufficient information is given.Answer: B26. Continuing from Question #22, you now are told that the labor unions representing the workers ineach of the two respective countries are considering lobbying against the opening of international trade between these two countries. Note that workers’ income is derived solely from wages.(a) This would be a misguided decision from the viewpoint of the workers in both countries, sincetrade is always better than autarky.(b) This would be a good decision from the viewpoint of workers in Country A since internationaltrade helps the capitalists and hurts the workers.(c) This would be a good decision from the viewpoint of workers in Country B since internationaltrade helps the owners of capital and hurts the workers.(d) This would be a good decision for both unions since trade hurts workers wherever they live.(e) None of the above.Answer: C27. We are now told that the information given us in Question #22 was not exactly accurate, and that infact S is relatively capital intensive only when relative wages are high, but becomes relatively labor intensive when relative wages are low. Given this information:(a) country A will export good S.(b) country B will export good S.(c) both countries will export good S.(d) trade will not occur between these two countries.(e) Insufficient information is given.Answer: E国际经济学作业答案-第四章28. The following are all assumptions that must be accepted in order to apply the Heckscher-OhlinTheory, except for one:(a) countries differ in their endowments of factors of production.(b) countries differ in their technologies.(c) there are two factors of production.(d) production is subject to constant returns to scale.(e) one product always requires more machines per worker in its production than does the otherproduct.Answer: B29. In international-trade equilibrium in the Heckscher-Ohlin model,(a) the capital rich country will charge less for the capital intensive good than the price paid by thecapital poor country for the capital-intensive good.(b) the capital rich country will charge the same price for the capital intensive good as that paid forit by the capital poor country.(c) the capital rich country will charge more for the capital intensive good than the price paid by thecapital poor country for the capital-intensive good.(d) the workers in the capital rich country will earn more than those in the poor country.(e) the workers in the capital rich country will earn less than those in the poor country.Answer: B30. If two countries were very different in their relative factor availabilities, then we would not expectwhich of the following to be empirically supported?(a) The Heckscher-Ohlin Theorem(b) The Factor Price Equalization Theorem.(c) The Law of One Price(d) The Law of Demand(e) None of the above.Answer: B31. When Country A produces both goods more efficiently than Country B, then(a) country A should produce both goods and not trade.(b) country A should specialize in its good of least absolute disadvantage.(c) both countries would benefit from autarky.(d) both countries may not benefit from trade.(e) None of the above.Answer: E32. The minimum information required to determine Country A’s comparative advantage is(a) the number of hours of labor in the economy of A.(b) ratio of labor inputs for products S and T in A.(c) total available labor, labor required per unit of S, and labor required per unit of T in A.(d) total available labor and the ratio of labor inputs for S and T in A.(e) None of the above.Answer: E国际经济学作业答案-第四章33. The slope of a country’s PPF reflects(a) the opportunity cost of product S in terms of product T.(b) the opportunity cost of T in terms of money prices.(c) the opportunity cost of S or T in terms of S.(d) Both (a) and (b).(e) Both (a) and (c).Answer: A34. The Heckscher-Ohlin model predicts all of the following except:(a) which country will export which product.(b) which factor of production within each country will gain from trade.(c) the volume of trade.(d) that wages will tend to become equal in both trading countries.(e) None of the above.Answer: C35. The Heckscher-Ohlin model differs from the Ricardian model of Comparative Advantage in that theformer(a) has only two countries.(b) has only two products.(c) has two factors of production.(d) has two production possibility frontiers (one for each country).(e) None of the above.Answer: C36. International trade has strong effects on income distributions. Therefore, international trade(a) is beneficial to everyone in both trading countries.(b) will tend to hurt one trading country.(c) will tend to hurt some groups in each trading country.(d) will tend to hurt everyone in both countries.(e) will be beneficial to all those engaged in international trade.Answer: C37. Factors tend to be specific to certain uses and products(a) in countries lacking comparative advantage.(b) in the short run.(c) in capital-intensive industries.(d) in labor-intensive industries.(e) in countries lacking fair labor laws.Answer: B国际经济学作业答案-第四章38. If the price of the capital intensive product rises more than does the price of the land intensiveproduct, then(a) demand will shift away from the capital-intensive product, and its production will decrease.(b) demand will shift away from the capital-intensive product, and its production will decreaserelative to that of the land intensive product.(c) the production of the capital-intensive product will indeed decrease, but not for the reasonsmentioned in (a) or (b).(d) the countries exporting the capital-intensive good will lose its comparative advantage.(e) None of the above.Answer: E39. If Australia has relatively more land per worker, and Belgium has relatively more capital per worker,then if trade were to open up between these two countries,(a) the relative price of the capital-intensive product would rise in Australia.(b) the world price of the land-intensive product would be higher than it had been in Belgium.(c) the world price of the land intensive product would be higher than it had been in Australia.(d) the relative price of the land intensive product would rise in Belgium.(e) None of the above.Answer: C40. If Australia has more land per worker, and Belgium has more capital per worker, then if trade wereto open up between these two countries,(a) the real income of capital owners in Australia would rise.(b) the real income of labor in Australia would clearly rise.(c) the real income of labor in Belgium would clearly rise.(d) the real income of landowners in Belgium would fall.(e) the real incomes of capital owners in both countries would rise.Answer: D41. If trade opens up between the two formerly autarkic countries, Australia and Belgium, then(a) the real income of Australia and of Belgium will increase.(b) the real income of Australia but not of Belgium will increase.(c) the real income of neither country will increase.(d) the real income of both countries may increase.(e) the real income of both countries will increase.Answer: D42. If the price of food (a land intensive product) rises, then the income of capital owners will fallbecause(a) capital owners consume only food.(b) the real wage in terms of manufactures rises.(c) they must pay higher wages to maintain subsistence levels.(d) food is an element of organic capital for capitalists.(e) None of the above.Answer: B国际经济学作业答案-第四章43. If Japan is relatively capital rich and the United States is relatively land rich, and if food is relativelyland intense then trade between these two, formerly autarkic countries will(a) lead to perfect specialization with Japan alone producing manufactures.(b) create a world relative price of food that is lower than that of the U.S.(c) lower the price of food in both countries.(d) raise the price of food in both countries.(e) None of the above.Answer: E44. The reason trade clearly benefits a country is that(a) it raises the real income of the more productive elements in society.(b) it lowers the real income of the less productive elements in society.(c) it increases the levels of consumption of everyone.(d) it increases society’s consumption choices.(e) None of the above.Answer: D45. As compared to potential gainers, those who stand to lose from trade(a) are likely to migrate to another country.(b) tend to be more effectively organized politically.(c) tend to reject compensation as smacking of socialism.(d) are universally opposed by economists who consider them parasites.(e) None of the above.Answer: B46. Those who stand to gain from trade(a) do not really care about the issue of income redistribution.(b) could not compensate losers since there are so many poor people.(c) could compensate losers but would rather not in modern industrial economies.(d) compensate losers at least partially through such legislation as unemployment compensation, orretraining grants.(e) None of the above.Answer: D47. Groups that lose from trade tend to lobby the government to(a) shift the direction of comparative advantage.(b) abolish the Specific Factor model from practical application.(c) provide public support for the relatively efficient sectors.(d) provide protection for the relatively inefficient sectors.(e) None of the above.Answer: D国际经济学作业答案-第四章48. It was found that when the United States imposed steel quotas, this caused harm not only to steelconsumers, but also to many producers for whom steel is an important input. This insight(a) suggests that general equilibrium models of tariffs will demonstrate that the partial equilibriumdeadweight loss triangles tend to overstate the tariff harm.(b) suggests that the deadweight loss triangles from partial equilibrium models tend to understatethe harm to society of protectionism.(c) suggests that it is quite sensible that producers tend to support quotas.(d) suggests that steel production is an infant industry in the U.S.(e) None of the above.Answer: B49. It was found that when the United States placed quotas on imported Japanese semiconductors, thisharmed the international competitiveness of U.S. computer manufacturers. This is a good illustration of the principle that(a) trade benefits the factor that is specific to the export sector.(b) protectionism helps manufacturers but harms consumers.(c) protectionism harms the factor that is specific to the export sector.(d) effective protection is not the same as a nominal tariff or tariff equivalent.(e) None of the above.Answer: D50. Ricardo’s model of comparative advantage demonstrated no harm to any g roup in the economyas a result of free trade. This was probably because(a) Ricardo did not understand the concept of diminishing returns.(b) the specific factor model had not yet been invented.(c) Heckscher and Ohlin had not yet been born.(d) a model, which demonstrated such harm, would have been counter-productive to Ricardo’spolitical or polemical aims.(e) None of the above.Answer: D51. When the Napoleonic Wars were over, the Corn Laws were enacted in England. This may beunderstood in terms of the following:(a) The Hecksher-Ohlin model.(b) The intra-trade model.(c) The monopolistic competition model(d) The scale economies model(e) None of the above.Answer: A国际经济学作业答案-第四章52. If Gambinia has many workers but very little land and even less productive capital, then, followingthe specific factor model, we know that Gambinia has a comparative advantage in(a) manufactures.(b) food.(c) both manufactures and food.(d) neither manufactures nor food.(e) Not enough information given.Answer: E53. If, relative to its trade partners, Gambinia has many workers but very little land and even lessproductive capital, then, following the specific factor model, in order to help the country’s economic welfare, the Gambinian government should(a) protect the manufacturing sector.(b) protect the agricultural sector.(c) protect both sectors.(d) not resort to protectionism(e) None of the above.Answer: DEssay Questions1. “A good cannot be both land- and labor-intensive.” Discuss.Answer: In a two good, two factor model, such as the original Heckscher-Ohlin framework, the factor intensities are relative intensities. Hence, the relevant statistic is either workers peracre (or acres per worker); or wage per rental unit (or rental per wage). In order toillustrate the logic of the statement above, let us assume that the production of a broomrequires 4 workers and 1 acre. Also, let us assume that the production of one bushel ofwheat requires 40 workers and 80 acres. In this case the acres per person required toproduce a broom is one quarter, whereas to produce a bushel of wheat requires 2 acres perperson. The wheat is therefore (relatively) land intensive, and the broom is (relatively)labor intensive.2. “No country is abundant in everything.” Discuss.Answer: the concept of relative (country) factor abundance is (like factor intensities) a relative concept. When we identify a country as being capital intensive, we mean that it has morecapital per worker than does the other country. If one country has more capital workerthan another, it is an arithmetic impossibility that it also has more workers per unit capital.3. There is frequently a conflict between short-term and long-term interests in trade. Discuss.Answer: In trade models, the short term is typically defined as that (conceptual) period of time in which both the technology and the amount of factors of production are given and cannotbe changed. When we state that free trade can be shown to be an optimal policy undercertain circumstances, we mean that in the short run, this policy can bring a country to anoptimum level of consumption. However, there is no inconsistency in the proposition thatthe optimum short run solution may not be the solution, which maximizes the likelihoodof economic expansion or growth (the long run). For example, a policy which maximizesconsumption may not take into account inter-temporal preferences, and hence may “short-change” future generations (or those who care for future generations).国际经济学作业答案-第四章4. International trade leads to complete equalization of factor prices. Discuss.Answer: This statement is typically “true . . . but.” Under a strict and limited set of assumptions, such as the original Heckscher-Ohlin model which excludes country specific technologies;non- homothetic tastes; factor intensity reversals; large country differences in (relative)factor abundances, more factors than goods, and an equilibrium solution within the “coneof specialization”; then it may be demonstrated that internal consistency demands that theabove state d sentence is “true.” However, the minute one relaxes any of the above listedassumptions one may easily identify solutions, which contradict the factor priceequalization theorem.5. Countries that are willing to tolerate an unusually high quantity of pollution relative to their suppliesof other factors would tend to export “pollution-intensive” goods. Discuss using the Hechscher-Ohlin (H.O.) model.Answer: This statement is badly crafted. It seems to imply that pollution per say is a proper factor of production. That is, just as if you add a worker, you get additional product, so themarginal product of pollution is positive. The problem here is that pollution is not reallya factor of production, but rather an externality, which may be more typical of importedgoods than exported ones. In such a case, the statement above is false.6. Countries do not in fact export the goods the H.O. theory predicts. Discuss.Answer: This statement is not true. Although one may find many cases where it seems to be true(e.g. the Leontieff Paradox), all one needs to do in order to render the above statement not(generally) true is to find one counter example. In fact, one can find large subsets ofagricultural and commodity products in which the H.O predictions are generally fulfilled.Labor-intensive countries such as Bangladesh do in fact export relatively labor-intensivegoods. Capital-intensive countries such as Germany do in fact export capital-intensiveproducts (at least to South countries). Countries such as Costa R ica (“sunshine abundant”)tend to export bananas (sunshine-intensive products). The U.S. (a wheat-land-abundantcountry) does indeed export wheat (a wheat-land intensive product). In fact, since theearly 1980s, the Leontieff Paradox was not found to describe the U.S. trade data (henceratifying the H.O. theory).7. Why is the H.O. model called the factor-proportions theory?Answer: The H.O. model explores the nature and the limitations of assuming that the sole determinant of comparative advantage is inter-country differences in (relative) factorproportions.8. Why do we observe the Leontief paradox?Answer: There are many possible answers. They may be classified into three groups. One would argue that the model, or theory is wrong. The other would argue that the theory is correct(internally consistent and descriptive of real world data), but the real world data isincorrectly perceived, defined or measured. The third would argue that the statement itselfis wrong, and that in fact the Leontieff paradox itself is not actually observed, but rather isdue to faulty logical rendering of the original model.。
《国际经济学》第04章在线测试
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第一题、单项选择题（每题1分，5道题共5分）1、按照重叠需求理论，贸易更容易发生在哪些国家之间A、收入水平相似的国家B、要素禀赋差异比较小的国家C、经济结构有差异的国家D、比较优势不同的国家2、产品生命周期试图从（）解释国际贸易模式的动态变化特征A、收入水平变化的角度B、技术水平变化的角度C、生产规模变化的角度D、要素禀赋变化的角度3、在产品生命周期的（）阶段，贸易主要发生在少数先进国家与其他发达国家之间。
A、新产品阶段B、产品成熟阶段C、产品衰退阶段D、产品标准化阶段4、下列哪些行业最有可能具备内部规模经济（）A、好莱坞的电影业B、加州硅谷的半导体产业C、北京中关村的电脑城D、手工制品厂5、下列关于产业内贸易指数的说法，正确的是（）A、产业内贸易指数越大，说明产业内贸易程度越低B、产业内贸易指数可以为负数C、产业内贸易指数最大可以达到无穷大D、产业内贸易指数越大，说明产业内贸易程度越高第二题、多项选择题（每题2分，5道题共10分）1、关于规模经济对市场结构的影响，下面说法正确的有（）A、规模经济对市场类型没有影响B、存在外部规模经济的行业，市场结构垄断程度比较低C、存在外部规模经济的行业，市场结构垄断程度比较高D、存在内部规模经济的行业，市场结构垄断程度比较低E、存在内部规模经济的行业，市场结构垄断程度比较高2、产品生命周期理论人，产品的生命周期包括哪几个阶段（）A、研发期B、衰退期C、初始期D、成长期E、成熟期3、下列哪些是内部规模经济产生的原因（）A、更专业的劳动分工B、知识外溢效应C、更高的资本使用效率D、更高的管理效率E、成本的共享效应4、下列哪些是外部规模经济产生的原因（）A、更专业化的劳动分工B、高效率、集中化的公共服务C、资源的共享D、知识外溢效应E、更高的管理效率5、产业内贸易产生的动因包括（）A、产品的差异性B、需求偏好的相似性C、企业内部规模收益递增D、需求的多样性E、企业外部规模收益递增第三题、判断题（每题1分，5道题共5分）1、按照需求相似理论，两国越相似，贸易发生的可能性就越大，收入水平越高，产业内贸易发生的可能性也越大。
国际经济学作业答案-第四章
Chapter 4 Resources and Trade: The Heckscher-Ohlin ModelMultiple Choice Questions1. In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, an influx of workers from across the border would(a) move the point of production along the production possibility curve.(b) shift the production possibility curve outward, and increase the production of both goods.(c) shift the production possibility curve outward and decrease the production of the labor-intensiveproduct.(d) shift the production possibility curve outward and decrease the production of the capital-intensive product.(e) None of the above.Answer: D2. In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, the two countries differ in(a) tastes.(b) military capabilities.(c) size.(d) relative availabilities of factors of production.(e) labor productivities.Answer: D3. In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, a change from autarky (no trade) to trade willbenefit the owners of(a) capital.(b) the relatively abundant factor of production.(c) the relatively scarce factor of production.(d) the relatively inelastic factor of production.(e) the factor of production with the largest elasticity of substitution.Answer: B4. In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, a change from autarky (no trade) to trade(a) will tend to make the wages in both countries more similar.(b) will equalize the wages in both countries.(c) will tend to make the wages in both countries less similar.(d) will tend to make wages equal to returns to capital.(e) will tend to make rents equal to interest rates.Answer: A5. The Leontieff Paradox(a) supported the validity of the Ricardian theory of comparative advantage.(b) supported the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.(c) failed to support the validity of the Ricardian theory.(d) failed to support the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.(e) proved that the U.S. economy is different from all others.Answer: D6. The Leontieff Paradox(a) refers to the finding that U.S. exports were more labor intensive than its imports.(b) refers to the finding that U.S. Exports were more capital intensive than its exports.(c) refers to the finding that the U.S. produces outside its Edgeworth Box.(d) still accurately applies to today’s pattern of U.S. international trade.(e) refers to the fact that Leontieff—an American economist—had a Russian name.Answer: A7. The 1987 study by Bowen, Leamer and Sveikauskas(a) supported the validity of the Leontieff Paradox.(b) supported the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.(c) used a two-country and two-product framework.(d) demonstrated that in fact countries tend to use different technologies.(e) proved that the U.S.’s comparative advantage relied on skilled labor.Answer: A8. Empirical observations on actual North-South trade patterns tend to(a) support the validity of the Leontieff Paradox.(b) support the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.(c) support the validity of the Rybczynski Theorem.(d) support the validity of the wage equalization theorem.(e) support the validity of the neo-imperialism exploitation theory.Answer: B9. The Case of the Missing Trade refers to(a) the 9th volume of the Hardy Boys’ Mystery series.(b) the fact that world exports does not equal world imports.(c) the fact that factor trade is less than predicted by the Heckscher-Ohlin theory.(d) the fact that the Heckscher Ohlin theory predicts much less volume of trade than actually exists.(e) None of the above.Answer: C10. If the Unted States had relatively more capital per worker than Mexico, and if the Leontieff Paradoxapplied to this trade, then a successful expansion of trade under NAFTA between Mexico and the United States would tend to benefit which group in the United States?(a) Environmentalists(b) Capitalists(c) Workers(d) Land owners(e) Skilled labor with relatively high levels of human capitalAnswer: C11. According to the Heckscher-Ohlin model, the source of comparative advantage is a country’s(a) technology.(b) advertising.(c) human capital.(d) factor endowments.(e) Both (a) and (b).Answer: D12. The Hechscher-Ohlin model states that a country will have a comparative advantage in the good orservice whose production is relatively intensive in the ______ with which the country is relatively abundant.(a) tastes(b) technology(c) factor of production(d) opportunity cost(e) scale economyAnswer: C13. One way in which the Heckscher-Ohlin model differs from the Ricardo model of comparativeadvantage is by assuming that __________ is (are) identical in all countries.(a) factor of production endowments(b) scale economies(c) factor of production intensities(d) technology(e) opportunity costsAnswer: D14. According to the Hecksher-Ohlin model,(a) everyone automatically gains from trade(b) the scarce factor necessarily gains from trade(c) the gainers could compensate the losers and still retain gains.(d) a country gains if its exports have a high value added.(e) None of the above.Answer: C15. The Heckscher-Ohlin model assumes that _____ are identical in all trading countries(a) tastes(b) technologies(c) factor endowments(d) Both (a) and (b).(e) None of the above.Answer: B16. As opposed to the Ricardian model of comparative advantage, the assumption of diminishing returnsin the Heckscher-Ohlin model means that the probability is greater that with trade(a) countries will not be fully specialized in one product.(b) countries will benefit from free international trade.(c) countries will consume outside their production possibility frontier.(d) comparative advantage is primarily supply related.(e) None of the above.Answer: A17. Starting from an autarky (no-trade) situation with Heckscher-Ohlin model, if Country H is relativelylabor abundant, then once trade begins(a) wages and rents should rise in H(b) wages and rents should fall in H(c) wages should rise and rents should fall in H.(d) wages should fall and rents should rise in H.(e) None of the above.Answer: C18. Which of the following is false (for the Heckscher-Ohlin model)?(a) If tastes are not identical in both countries, wages may still equalize.(b) Differences in technologies could be the source of gains from trade.(c) Some groups may gain and some may lose due to trade.(d) Gains for the trade-related winners will tend to be larger than losses of losers.(e) None of the above.Answer: B19. If tastes differed between countries, this could affect(a) wage equalization due to trade with no specialization.(b) the direction of trade (who exports what to whom).(c) the fact that some groups in a country might lose welfare due to trade.(d) the fact that the country as a whole will gain from trade.(e) None of the above.Answer: B20. Suppose that there are two factors, capital and land, and that the United States is relatively landendowed while the European Union is relatively capital-endowed. According to the Heckscher-Ohlin model,(a) European landowners should support U.S.-European free trade.(b) European capitalists should support U.S.-European free trade.(c) all capitalists in both countries should support free trade.(d) all landowners should support free trade.(e) None of the above.Answer: B21. According to the Heckscher-Ohlin model, if the United States is richly endowed in human-capitalrelative to Mexico, then as NAFTA increasingly leads to more bilateral free trade between the two countries,(a) the United States will find its industrial base sucked into Mexico.(b) Mexico will find its relatively highly skilled workers drawn to the United States.(c) The wages of highly skilled U.S. workers will be drawn down to Mexican levels.(d) The wages of highly skilled Mexican workers will rise to those in the United States.(e) The wages of highly skilled Mexican workers will fall to those in the United States.Answer: E22. Assume that only two countries, A and B, exist.Consider the following data:CountriesFactor Endowments A BLabor Force 45 20Capital Stock 15 10If good S is capital intensive, then following the Heckscher-Ohlin Theory,(a) country A will export good S.(b) country B will export good S.(c) both countries will export good S.(d) trade will not occur between these two countries.(e) Insufficient information is given.Answer: B23. Continuing from Question #22, if you are told that Country B is very much richer than Country A,then the correct answer is:(a) country A will export good S.(b) country B will export good S.(c) both countries will export good S.(d) trade will not occur between these two countries.(e) insufficient information is given.Answer: B24. Continuing from Question #22, you are told that Country B is very much larger than country A. Thecorrect answer is:(a) country A will export good S.(b) country B will export good S.(c) both countries will export good S.(d) trade will not occur between these two countries.(e) insufficient information is given.Answer: B25. Continuing from Question #22, you are told that Country B has no minimum wage or child laborlaws. Now the correct answer is:(a) country A will export good S.(b) country B will export good S.(c) both countries will export good S.(d) trade will not occur between these two countries.(e) Insufficient information is given.Answer: B26. Continuing from Question #22, you now are told that the labor unions representing the workers ineach of the two respective countries are considering lobbying against the opening of international trade between these two countries. Note that workers’ income is derived solely from wages.(a) This would be a misguided decision from the viewpoint of the workers in both countries, sincetrade is always better than autarky.(b) This would be a good decision from the viewpoint of workers in Country A since internationaltrade helps the capitalists and hurts the workers.(c) This would be a good decision from the viewpoint of workers in Country B since internationaltrade helps the owners of capital and hurts the workers.(d) This would be a good decision for both unions since trade hurts workers wherever they live.(e) None of the above.Answer: C27. We are now told that the information given us in Question #22 was not exactly accurate, and that infact S is relatively capital intensive only when relative wages are high, but becomes relatively labor intensive when relative wages are low. Given this information:(a) country A will export good S.(b) country B will export good S.(c) both countries will export good S.(d) trade will not occur between these two countries.(e) Insufficient information is given.Answer: E28. The following are all assumptions that must be accepted in order to apply the Heckscher-OhlinTheory, except for one:(a) countries differ in their endowments of factors of production.(b) countries differ in their technologies.(c) there are two factors of production.(d) production is subject to constant returns to scale.(e) one product always requires more machines per worker in its production than does the otherproduct.Answer: B29. In international-trade equilibrium in the Heckscher-Ohlin model,(a) the capital rich country will charge less for the capital intensive good than the price paid by thecapital poor country for the capital-intensive good.(b) the capital rich country will charge the same price for the capital intensive good as that paid forit by the capital poor country.(c) the capital rich country will charge more for the capital intensive good than the price paid by thecapital poor country for the capital-intensive good.(d) the workers in the capital rich country will earn more than those in the poor country.(e) the workers in the capital rich country will earn less than those in the poor country.Answer: B30. If two countries were very different in their relative factor availabilities, then we would not expectwhich of the following to be empirically supported?(a) The Heckscher-Ohlin Theorem(b) The Factor Price Equalization Theorem.(c) The Law of One Price(d) The Law of Demand(e) None of the above.Answer: B31. When Country A produces both goods more efficiently than Country B, then(a) country A should produce both goods and not trade.(b) country A should specialize in its good of least absolute disadvantage.(c) both countries would benefit from autarky.(d) both countries may not benefit from trade.(e) None of the above.Answer: E32. The minimum information required to determine Country A’s comparative advantage is(a) the number of hours of labor in the economy of A.(b) ratio of labor inputs for products S and T in A.(c) total available labor, labor required per unit of S, and labor required per unit of T in A.(d) total available labor and the ratio of labor inputs for S and T in A.(e) None of the above.Answer: E33. The slope of a country’s PPF reflects(a) the opportunity cost of product S in terms of product T.(b) the opportunity cost of T in terms of money prices.(c) the opportunity cost of S or T in terms of S.(d) Both (a) and (b).(e) Both (a) and (c).Answer: A34. The Heckscher-Ohlin model predicts all of the following except:(a) which country will export which product.(b) which factor of production within each country will gain from trade.(c) the volume of trade.(d) that wages will tend to become equal in both trading countries.(e) None of the above.Answer: C35. The Heckscher-Ohlin model differs from the Ricardian model of Comparative Advantage in that theformer(a) has only two countries.(b) has only two products.(c) has two factors of production.(d) has two production possibility frontiers (one for each country).(e) None of the above.Answer: C36. International trade has strong effects on income distributions. Therefore, international trade(a) is beneficial to everyone in both trading countries.(b) will tend to hurt one trading country.(c) will tend to hurt some groups in each trading country.(d) will tend to hurt everyone in both countries.(e) will be beneficial to all those engaged in international trade.Answer: C37. Factors tend to be specific to certain uses and products(a) in countries lacking comparative advantage.(b) in the short run.(c) in capital-intensive industries.(d) in labor-intensive industries.(e) in countries lacking fair labor laws.Answer: B38. If the price of the capital intensive product rises more than does the price of the land intensiveproduct, then(a) demand will shift away from the capital-intensive product, and its production will decrease.(b) demand will shift away from the capital-intensive product, and its production will decreaserelative to that of the land intensive product.(c) the production of the capital-intensive product will indeed decrease, but not for the reasonsmentioned in (a) or (b).(d) the countries exporting the capital-intensive good will lose its comparative advantage.(e) None of the above.Answer: E39. If Australia has relatively more land per worker, and Belgium has relatively more capital per worker,then if trade were to open up between these two countries,(a) the relative price of the capital-intensive product would rise in Australia.(b) the world price of the land-intensive product would be higher than it had been in Belgium.(c) the world price of the land intensive product would be higher than it had been in Australia.(d) the relative price of the land intensive product would rise in Belgium.(e) None of the above.Answer: C40. If Australia has more land per worker, and Belgium has more capital per worker, then if trade wereto open up between these two countries,(a) the real income of capital owners in Australia would rise.(b) the real income of labor in Australia would clearly rise.(c) the real income of labor in Belgium would clearly rise.(d) the real income of landowners in Belgium would fall.(e) the real incomes of capital owners in both countries would rise.Answer: D41. If trade opens up between the two formerly autarkic countries, Australia and Belgium, then(a) the real income of Australia and of Belgium will increase.(b) the real income of Australia but not of Belgium will increase.(c) the real income of neither country will increase.(d) the real income of both countries may increase.(e) the real income of both countries will increase.Answer: D42. If the price of food (a land intensive product) rises, then the income of capital owners will fallbecause(a) capital owners consume only food.(b) the real wage in terms of manufactures rises.(c) they must pay higher wages to maintain subsistence levels.(d) food is an element of organic capital for capitalists.(e) None of the above.Answer: B43. If Japan is relatively capital rich and the United States is relatively land rich, and if food is relativelyland intense then trade between these two, formerly autarkic countries will(a) lead to perfect specialization with Japan alone producing manufactures.(b) create a world relative price of food that is lower than that of the U.S.(c) lower the price of food in both countries.(d) raise the price of food in both countries.(e) None of the above.Answer: E44. The reason trade clearly benefits a country is that(a) it raises the real income of the more productive elements in society.(b) it lowers the real income of the less productive elements in society.(c) it increases the levels of consumption of everyone.(d) it increases society’s consumption choices.(e) None of the above.Answer: D45. As compared to potential gainers, those who stand to lose from trade(a) are likely to migrate to another country.(b) tend to be more effectively organized politically.(c) tend to reject compensation as smacking of socialism.(d) are universally opposed by economists who consider them parasites.(e) None of the above.Answer: B46. Those who stand to gain from trade(a) do not really care about the issue of income redistribution.(b) could not compensate losers since there are so many poor people.(c) could compensate losers but would rather not in modern industrial economies.(d) compensate losers at least partially through such legislation as unemployment compensation, orretraining grants.(e) None of the above.Answer: D47. Groups that lose from trade tend to lobby the government to(a) shift the direction of comparative advantage.(b) abolish the Specific Factor model from practical application.(c) provide public support for the relatively efficient sectors.(d) provide protection for the relatively inefficient sectors.(e) None of the above.Answer: D48. It was found that when the United States imposed steel quotas, this caused harm not only to steelconsumers, but also to many producers for whom steel is an important input. This insight(a) suggests that general equilibrium models of tariffs will demonstrate that the partial equilibriumdeadweight loss triangles tend to overstate the tariff harm.(b) suggests that the deadweight loss triangles from partial equilibrium models tend to understatethe harm to society of protectionism.(c) suggests that it is quite sensible that producers tend to support quotas.(d) suggests that steel production is an infant industry in the U.S.(e) None of the above.Answer: B49. It was found that when the United States placed quotas on imported Japanese semiconductors, thisharmed the international competitiveness of U.S. computer manufacturers. This is a good illustration of the principle that(a) trade benefits the factor that is specific to the export sector.(b) protectionism helps manufacturers but harms consumers.(c) protectionism harms the factor that is specific to the export sector.(d) effective protection is not the same as a nominal tariff or tariff equivalent.(e) None of the above.Answer: D50. Ricardo’s model of comparative advantage demonstrated no harm to any g roup in the economyas a result of free trade. This was probably because(a) Ricardo did not understand the concept of diminishing returns.(b) the specific factor model had not yet been invented.(c) Heckscher and Ohlin had not yet been born.(d) a model, which demonstrated such harm, would have been counter-productive to Ricardo’spolitical or polemical aims.(e) None of the above.Answer: D51. When the Napoleonic Wars were over, the Corn Laws were enacted in England. This may beunderstood in terms of the following:(a) The Hecksher-Ohlin model.(b) The intra-trade model.(c) The monopolistic competition model(d) The scale economies model(e) None of the above.Answer: A52. If Gambinia has many workers but very little land and even less productive capital, then, followingthe specific factor model, we know that Gambinia has a comparative advantage in(a) manufactures.(b) food.(c) both manufactures and food.(d) neither manufactures nor food.(e) Not enough information given.Answer: E53. If, relative to its trade partners, Gambinia has many workers but very little land and even lessproductive capital, then, following the specific factor model, in order to help the country’s economic welfare, the Gambinian government should(a) protect the manufacturing sector.(b) protect the agricultural sector.(c) protect both sectors.(d) not resort to protectionism(e) None of the above.Answer: DEssay Questions1. “A good cannot be both land- and labor-intensive.” Discuss.Answer: In a two good, two factor model, such as the original Heckscher-Ohlin framework, the factor intensities are relative intensities. Hence, the relevant statistic is either workers peracre (or acres per worker); or wage per rental unit (or rental per wage). In order toillustrate the logic of the statement above, let us assume that the production of a broomrequires 4 workers and 1 acre. Also, let us assume that the production of one bushel ofwheat requires 40 workers and 80 acres. In this case the acres per person required toproduce a broom is one quarter, whereas to produce a bushel of wheat requires 2 acres perperson. The wheat is therefore (relatively) land intensive, and the broom is (relatively)labor intensive.2. “No country is abundant in everything.” Discuss.Answer: the concept of relative (country) factor abundance is (like factor intensities) a relative concept. When we identify a country as being capital intensive, we mean that it has morecapital per worker than does the other country. If one country has more capital workerthan another, it is an arithmetic impossibility that it also has more workers per unit capital.3. There is frequently a conflict between short-term and long-term interests in trade. Discuss.Answer: In trade models, the short term is typically defined as that (conceptual) period of time in which both the technology and the amount of factors of production are given and cannotbe changed. When we state that free trade can be shown to be an optimal policy undercertain circumstances, we mean that in the short run, this policy can bring a country to anoptimum level of consumption. However, there is no inconsistency in the proposition thatthe optimum short run solution may not be the solution, which maximizes the likelihoodof economic expansion or growth (the long run). For example, a policy which maximizesconsumption may not take into account inter-temporal preferences, and hence may “short-change” future generations (or those who care for future generations).4. International trade leads to complete equalization of factor prices. Discuss.Answer: This statement is typically “true . . . but.” Under a strict and limited set of assumptions, such as the original Heckscher-Ohlin model which excludes country specific technologies;non- homothetic tastes; factor intensity reversals; large country differences in (relative)factor abundances, more factors than goods, and an equilibrium solution within the “coneof specialization”; then it may be demonstrated that internal consistency demands that theabove state d sentence is “true.” However, the minute one relaxes any of the above listedassumptions one may easily identify solutions, which contradict the factor priceequalization theorem.5. Countries that are willing to tolerate an unusually high quantity of pollution relative to their suppliesof other factors would tend to export “pollution-intensive” goods. Discuss using the Hechscher-Ohlin (H.O.) model.Answer: This statement is badly crafted. It seems to imply that pollution per say is a proper factor of production. That is, just as if you add a worker, you get additional product, so themarginal product of pollution is positive. The problem here is that pollution is not reallya factor of production, but rather an externality, which may be more typical of importedgoods than exported ones. In such a case, the statement above is false.6. Countries do not in fact export the goods the H.O. theory predicts. Discuss.Answer: This statement is not true. Although one may find many cases where it seems to be true(e.g. the Leontieff Paradox), all one needs to do in order to render the above statement not(generally) true is to find one counter example. In fact, one can find large subsets ofagricultural and commodity products in which the H.O predictions are generally fulfilled.Labor-intensive countries such as Bangladesh do in fact export relatively labor-intensivegoods. Capital-intensive countries such as Germany do in fact export capital-intensiveproducts (at least to South countries). Countries such as Costa R ica (“sunshine abundant”)tend to export bananas (sunshine-intensive products). The U.S. (a wheat-land-abundantcountry) does indeed export wheat (a wheat-land intensive product). In fact, since theearly 1980s, the Leontieff Paradox was not found to describe the U.S. trade data (henceratifying the H.O. theory).7. Why is the H.O. model called the factor-proportions theory?Answer: The H.O. model explores the nature and the limitations of assuming that the sole determinant of comparative advantage is inter-country differences in (relative) factorproportions.8. Why do we observe the Leontief paradox?Answer: There are many possible answers. They may be classified into three groups. One would argue that the model, or theory is wrong. The other would argue that the theory is correct(internally consistent and descriptive of real world data), but the real world data isincorrectly perceived, defined or measured. The third would argue that the statement itselfis wrong, and that in fact the Leontieff paradox itself is not actually observed, but rather isdue to faulty logical rendering of the original model.。
20春学期《国际经济学》在线作业.5BFF81A6
20春学期（1709、1803、1809、1903、1909、2003）《国际经济学》在线作业共同市场和经济联盟的差异在于()A:后者制定了对非成员国的统一关税B:后者实现了区内生产要素的自由流动C:后者实现了区内经济政策的协调D:后者的一体化程度低于前者答案：C假设中国劳动力相对丰裕，汽车相对纺织品而言是资本密集型产品，与国际贸易以前相比()A:中国汽车与纺织品生产中所投入的资本/劳动力的比重都将下降B:中国汽车与纺织品生产中所投入的资本/劳动力的比重都将上升C:中国汽车生产的资本/劳动力的比重将上升，同时纺织品生产的资本/劳动力的比重将下降D:中国汽车生产的资本/劳动力的比重将下降，同时纺织品生产的资本/劳动力的比重将上升答案：B提出购买力平价理论的经济学家是()A:蒙代尔B:凯恩斯C:大卫·休谟D:卡塞尔答案：DA国2012年电子行业出口额为150亿美元，进口额为100亿美元，则该国该行业的G-L产业内贸易指数为()A:20%B:50%C:60%D:80%答案：D贸易提供曲线的含义是()A:一国在某一贸易条件愿意进口和出口的数量B:一国在不同贸易条件愿意进口和出口的数量C:一国在某一贸易条件下的福利水平D:一国在不同贸易条件下的福利水平答案：B在资本完全自由流动的情况下，下列关于开放条件下宏观经济政策效果的叙述，正确的是()。
A:在固定汇率制度下，财政政策是失效的，货币政策是有效的B:在固定汇率制度下，财政政策和货币政策都是失效的C:在浮动汇率制度下，财政政策是失效的，货币政策是有效的D:在浮动汇率制度下，财政政策和货币政策都是失效的答案：C假定自由贸易条件下，每套服装价格为1000元，国内生产需使用500元进口中间投入品，若对服装征20%进口关税，对中间投入品征10%进口关税，则有效保护率为()A:15%。
《国际经济学》作业参考答案
《国际经济学》作业参考答案一、判断题１．F２．F ３．T ４．F ５．T ６．T ７．T ８．T ９．F １０．F １１．F １２．T１３．T １４．T １５．F １６．F １７．T １８．F １９．T ２０．F ２１．F ２２．T２３．F ２４．F二、选择题１．c ２．d ３．b ４．b ５．c ６．d ７．d ８．c ９．a １０．c １１．b １２．d １３．A １４．A １５．B １６．D １７．D １８．B １９．C ２０．D ２１．D ２２．A ２３．C ２４．C ２５．c ２６．b ２７．d ２８．d ２９．c ３０．c ３１．d ３２．b ３３．d ３４．b ３５．D３６．c ３７．a ３８．d ３９．a ４０．d ４１．d ４２．d ４３．b ４４．d ４５．c ４６．b三、概念解释１．罗伯津斯基定理：在商品相对价格不变的前提下，某一要素的增加会导致密集使用该要素部门的生产增加，而另一部门的生产则下降。
２．幼稚产业理论：是从动态角度提出了保护那些具有潜在优势的新兴产业的观点，但这种保护是一种暂时性的。
判别幼稚产业的标准主要有三种：其中穆勒标准强调将来的竞争优势，而巴斯塔布尔标准认为幼稚产业不仅强调将来的竞争优势，而且将来的预期收益的现值应能抵消现有的保护成本，坎普标准则更为注重外部规模京的重要性。
３．战略性贸易政策：该政策是针对一种特殊的不完全竞争市场结构---寡头垄断市场结构提出的。
在寡头垄断市场结构下，政府对贸易活动进行干预目的是改变市场结构或环境，以提高本国企业的国际竞争力，使本国企业获得更多的垄断利润或租金。
战略性贸易政策最为强调的政策主张有两种：一是出口补贴，而是进口保护以促进出口。
４．一国所拥有的两种生产要素的相对比例。
这是一个相对概念，与一国所拥有的生产要素的绝对数量无关。
５．斯托帕－萨谬尔森定理:无论两种要素的所有者倾向于消费哪种商品，国际贸易将提高一国出口产品中密集是用要素（即本国较丰裕的要素）的收益，而降低其进口产品中密集使用要素（即本国较稀缺的要素）的收益。
《国际经济学》作业参考答案
《国际经济学》作业参考答案一、判断题１．F２．F ３．T ４．F ５．T ６．T ７．T ８．T ９．F １０．F １１．F １２．T１３．T １４．T １５．F １６．F １７．T １８．F １９．T ２０．F ２１．F ２２．T２３．F ２４．F二、选择题１．c ２．d ３．b ４．b ５．c ６．d ７．d ８．c ９．a １０．c １１．b １２．d １３．A １４．A １５．B １６．D １７．D １８．B １９．C ２０．D ２１．D ２２．A ２３．C ２４．C ２５．c ２６．b ２７．d ２８．d ２９．c ３０．c ３１．d ３２．b ３３．d ３４．b ３５．D３６．c ３７．a ３８．d ３９．a ４０．d ４１．d ４２．d ４３．b ４４．d ４５．c ４６．b三、概念解释１．罗伯津斯基定理：在商品相对价格不变的前提下，某一要素的增加会导致密集使用该要素部门的生产增加，而另一部门的生产则下降。
２．幼稚产业理论：是从动态角度提出了保护那些具有潜在优势的新兴产业的观点，但这种保护是一种暂时性的。
判别幼稚产业的标准主要有三种：其中穆勒标准强调将来的竞争优势，而巴斯塔布尔标准认为幼稚产业不仅强调将来的竞争优势，而且将来的预期收益的现值应能抵消现有的保护成本，坎普标准则更为注重外部规模京的重要性。
３．战略性贸易政策：该政策是针对一种特殊的不完全竞争市场结构---寡头垄断市场结构提出的。
在寡头垄断市场结构下，政府对贸易活动进行干预目的是改变市场结构或环境，以提高本国企业的国际竞争力，使本国企业获得更多的垄断利润或租金。
战略性贸易政策最为强调的政策主张有两种：一是出口补贴，而是进口保护以促进出口。
４．一国所拥有的两种生产要素的相对比例。
这是一个相对概念，与一国所拥有的生产要素的绝对数量无关。
５．斯托帕－萨谬尔森定理:无论两种要素的所有者倾向于消费哪种商品，国际贸易将提高一国出口产品中密集是用要素（即本国较丰裕的要素）的收益，而降低其进口产品中密集使用要素（即本国较稀缺的要素）的收益。
南开大学《国际经济学》20春期末考核答卷附标准答案
南开大学《国际经济学》20春期末考核答卷附标准答案南开大学《国际经济学》20春期末考核附标准答案试卷总分:100 得分:100一、单选题 (共 15 道试题,共 30 分)1.提出购买力平价理论的经济学家是()A.蒙代尔B.凯恩斯C.大卫·休谟D.卡塞尔答案:D2.不能解释产业内贸易现象的理论是()A.重叠需求理论B.要素禀赋理论C.相互倾销理论D.规模经济与差异产品贸易理论答案:B更多加微boge306193.就国际贸易对要素报酬的影响而言，下列哪一项表述是不正确的()A.自由贸易将降低进口竞争部门专门生产要素的收入B.自由贸易将提高出口部门专门生产要素的收入C.自由贸易将提高共同生产要素的收入D.自由贸易后共同生产要素的收入水平可能提高、不变或是下降答案:C4.下列()属于相对技术差异论的假定前提条件A.生产过程中使用资本和劳动力两种要素B.没有运输成本和其他交易成本C.生产要素可以在两国间自由流动D.生产要素非充分利用因此机会成本不变答案:B5.A国2012年电子行业出口额为150亿美元，进口额为100亿美元，则该国该行业的G-L产业内贸易指数为()A.20%B.50%C.60%D.80%答案:D6.如果一国实行的是固定汇率制度，同时资本完全自由流动，则对其宏观经济政策有效性的判断是()A.货币政策有效，财政政策无效B.财政政策有效，货币政策无效C.货币政策和财政政策均有效D.货币政策和财政政策均无效答案:B7.如果一国进口竞争部门和出口部门各有一种特定要素，劳动力是共同要素，则进口关税一定会()A.提高进口竞争部门特定要素所有者的实际收入B.提高出口部门特定要素所有者的实际收入C.降低两部门共同要素劳动力的实际收入D.同时提高进口竞争部门和出口部门特定要素所有者的实际收入答案:A8.在商品的国际比价保持不变的情况下，偏向出口的生产要素增长会()A.扩大进口替代品生产规模B.使进出口贸易规模扩大C.使出口贸易规模缩减D.使进口贸易规模缩减答案:B9.若一国边际储蓄倾向为0.1，边际进口倾向为0.2，则该国出口和政府购买支出各增加300亿美元将使其贸易收支()A.改善100亿美元B.改善200亿美元C.恶化100亿美元D.恶化200亿美元答案:C10.如果国际收支会出现逆差，根据货币分析理论，以下哪种说法是错误的()A.自动调整过程伴随基础货币下降B.自动调整过程伴随货币供给增加C.自动调整过程伴随国际储备资产流出D.均衡时国内货币供需均衡答案:B11.根据凯恩斯的乘数论，下列关于国际收支调整的叙述正确的是()A.乘数论机制实现的前提是国内尚未实现充分就业，但利率水平可变动B.政府购买增加与同等的出口增加所引起。
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20春《国际经济学》作业4
试卷总分:100 得分:100
一、单选题(共10 道试题,共50 分)
1.开放经济条件下的均衡意味着（）。
A.国际收支与商品市场同时均衡
B.国际收支与货币市场同时均衡
C.商品市场和货币市场同时均衡
D.国际收支、商品市场与货币市场的同时均衡
标准答案:D
2.从进口国总体看，商品的进口对一国净福利的影响是（）。
A.增加
B.减少
C.不变
D.不易确定
标准答案:A
3.设一年前美元对人民币的汇率是1美元等于6.8468元人民币，假设美国的物价比前一年上升8%，而中国的物价水平上升10%，则美元与人民币之间理论上的汇率为( ）。
A.6.9736
B.7.085
C.6.7223
D.6.5876
标准答案:A
4.率先针对生产要素禀赋理论进行实证分析的经济学家是（）。
A.斯托尔珀
B.萨缪尔森
C.里昂惕夫
D.俄林
标准答案:C
5.下述哪一种属于国际收支的事后项目( ）。
A.进出口
B.利息收支
C.直接投资
D.特别提款权变动
标准答案:D
6.由于未预料的汇率变化导致企业或个人未来的纯收益可能受到损失的风险是（）。
A.交易风险
B.经济风险
C.会计风险
D.汇率风险。