建筑专业名词中英文对照word文档
建筑行业术语1-中英文word精品文档11页
建筑行业术语1. ARCHITECTURE 建筑专业a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据b. DESIGN STAGE 设计阶段c. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件d. GENERAL ROOM NAME常用房间名称e. ROOFING & CEILING屋面及天棚f. WALL(CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板)g. FLOOR & TRENCH 地面及地沟h. DOORS 、GLASS、WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件I. STAIRCASE、LANDING &LIFT(ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯j. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES建筑材料词汇及短语【 Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦】【Lime, Sand and Stone灰、砂和石】【Cement, Mortar and Concrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土】【Facing And Plastering Materials饰面及粉刷材料】【Asphalt (Bitumen) and Asbestos沥青和石棉】【Timber 木材】【Metallic Materials 金属材料】【Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属】【Anti-Corrosion Materials防腐蚀材料】【Building Hardware 建筑五金】【Paint 油漆】k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语【Discipline 专业】【Conventional Terms一般通用名词】【Architectural Physics 建筑物理】【Name Of Professional role职务名称】【Drafting 制图】2. STRUCTURE 结构专业a. LOAD 荷载b. GROUND BASE AND FOUNDATION 地基及基础c. REINFORCEMENT CONCRETE STRUCTURE 钢筋混凝土结构d. STEEL STRUCTURE 钢结构e. DESIGN FOR ANTISEISMIC抗震设计f. GENERAL WORDS FORDESIGN设计常用词汇g. GENERAL WORDS FORCONSTRUCTION 施工常用词汇1. ARCHITECTURE 建筑专业a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据计划建议书 planning proposals设计任务书 design order标准规范standards and codes条件图 information drawing设计基础资料 basic data for design工艺流程图 process flowchart工程地质资料engineering geological data原始资料 original data设计进度 schedule of designb. STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段方案 scheme, draft草图 sketch会谈纪要summary of discussion谈判 negotiation可行性研究 feasibility study初步设计 preliminary design基础设计 basic design详细设计 detail design询价图 enquiry drawing施工图 working drawing,construction drawing竣工图 as built drawingc. CLIMATE CONDITION气象条件日照 sunshine风玫瑰 wind rose主导风向 prevailing wind direction最大(平均)风速maximum (mean) wind velocity风荷载 wind load最大(平均)降雨量maximum (mean) rainfall雷击及闪电 thunder and lightning飓风 hurricane台风 typhoon旋风 cyclone降雨强度rainfall intensity年降雨量 annual rainfall湿球温度 wet bulb temperature干球温度 dry bulb temperature冰冻期 frost period冰冻线 frost line冰冻区 frost zone室外计算温度calculating outdoor temperature采暖地区region with heating provision不采暖地区region without heating provision绝对大气压absolute atmospheric pressure相对湿度 relative humidityd. GENERAL ROOM NAME常用房间名称办公室 office服务用房 service room换班室 shift room休息室 rest room (break room)起居室 living room浴室 bathroom淋浴间 shower更衣室 locker room厕所 lavatory门厅 lobby诊室 clinic工作间 workshop电气开关室 switchroom走廊 corridor档案室 archive电梯机房 lift motor room车库 garage清洁间 cleaning room会议室(正式) conference room会议室 meeting room衣柜间 ward robe暖风间 H.V.A.C room饭店 restaurant餐厅 canteen, dining room厨房 kitchen入口 entrance接待处 reception area会计室 accountant room秘书室 secretary room电气室 electrical room控制室 control room工长室 foreman office开关柜室 switch gear前室 antecabinet (Ante.)生产区 production area马达控制中心 Mcc多功能用房 utility room化验室 laboratory room经理室 manager room披屋(阁楼) penthouse警卫室 guard housee. ROOFING AND CEILING屋面及天棚女儿墙 parapet雨蓬 canopy屋脊 roof ridge坡度 slope坡跨比 pitch分水线 water-shed二毡三油2 layers of felt &3 coats of bitumastic附加油毡一层 extra ply of felt檐口 eave挑檐 overhanging eave檐沟 eave gutter平屋面 flat roof坡屋面 pitched roof雨水管downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W.P)汇水面积 catchment area泛水 flashing内排水 interior drainage外排水 exterior drainage滴水 drip屋面排水 roof drainage找平层 leveling course卷材屋面 built-up roofing天棚 ceiling檩条 purlin屋面板 roofing board天花板 ceiling board防水层 water-proof course检查孔 inspection hole人孔 manhole吊顶 suspended ceiling, false ceiling檐板(窗帘盒) cornicef. WALL (CLADDING)墙体(外墙板)砖墙 brick wall砌块墙 block wall清水砖墙 brick wall without plastering 抹灰墙 rendered wall石膏板墙 gypsum board, plaster board 空心砖墙 hollow brick wall承重墙 bearing wall非承重墙 non-bearing wall纵墙 longitudinal wall横墙 transverse wall外墙 external (exterior) wall内墙 internal (interior) wall填充墙 filler wall防火墙 fire wall窗间墙 wall between window空心墙 cavity wall压顶 coping圈梁 gird, girt, girth玻璃隔断 glazed wall防潮层 damp-proof course (D.P.C)遮阳板 sunshade阳台 balcony伸缩缝 expansion joint沉降缝 settlement joint抗震缝 seismic joint复合夹心板 sandwich board压型单板 corrugated single steel plate外墙板 cladding panel复合板 composite panel轻质隔断 light-weight partition牛腿 bracket砖烟囱 brick chimney勒脚(基座) plinthg. FLOOR AND TRENCH地面及地沟地坪 grade地面和楼面 ground and floor素土夯实 rammed earth炉渣夯实 tamped cinder填土 filled earth回填土夯实 tamped backfill垫层 bedding course, blinding面层 covering, finish结合层 bonding (binding) course找平层 leveling course素水泥浆结合层neat cement binding course混凝土地面 concrete floor水泥地面 cement floor机器磨平混凝土地面machine trowelled concrete floor水磨石地面 terrazzo flooring马赛克地面 mosaic flooring瓷砖地面 ceramic tile flooring油地毡地面 linoleum flooring预制水磨石地面 precast terrazzoflooring硬木花地面 hard-wood parquetflooring搁栅 joist硬木毛地面 hard-wood rough flooring企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring防酸地面 acid-resistant floor钢筋混凝土楼板reinforced concrete slab (R.C Slab)乙烯基地面 vinyl flooring水磨石嵌条 divider strip for terrazzo地面做2％坡 floor with 2% slope集水沟 gully集水口 gulley排水沟 drainage trench沟盖板 trench cover活动盖板 removable cover plate集水坑 sump pit孔翻边 hole up stand电缆沟 cable trenchhh. DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS &IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件木 (钢)门 wooden (steel) door镶板门 panelled door夹板门 plywood door铝合金门 aluminum alloy door卷帘门 roller shutter door弹簧门 swing door推拉门 sliding door平开门 side-hung door折叠门 folding door旋转门 revolving door玻璃门 glazed door密闭门 air-Tight door保温门 thermal insulating door镀锌铁丝网门galvanized steel wiremesh door防火门 fire door(大门上的)小门 wicket门框 door frame门扇 door leaf门洞 door opening结构开洞 structural opening单扇门 single door双扇门 double door疏散门 emergency door纱门 screen door门槛 door sill门过梁 door lintel上冒头 top rail下冒头 bottom rail门边木 stile门樘侧料 side jumb槽口 notch木窗 wooden window钢窗 steel window铝合金窗 aluminum alloy window百叶窗 (通风为主) sun-bind, louver(louver, shutter, blind)塑钢窗 plastic steel window空腹钢窗 hollow steel window固定窗 fixed window平开窗 side-hung window推拉窗 sliding window气窗 transom上悬窗 top-hung window中悬窗 center-pivoted window下悬窗 hopper window活动百叶窗 adjustable louver天窗 skylight老虎窗 dormer window密封双层玻璃 sealed double glazing钢筋混凝土过梁reinforced concrete lintel钢筋砖过梁 reinforced brick lintel窗扇 casement sash窗台 window sill窗台板 window board窗中梃 mullion窗横木 mutin窗边木 stile压缝条 cover mould窗帘盒 curtain box合页(铰链) hinge (butts)转轴 pivot长脚铰链 parliament hinge闭门器 door closer地弹簧 floor closer插销 bolt门锁 door lock拉手 pull链条 chain门钩 door hanger碰球 ball latch窗钩 window catch暗插销 insert bolt电动开关器 electric opener平板玻璃 plate glass夹丝玻璃 wire glass透明玻璃 clear glass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃) ground glass (frosted glass)防弹玻璃 bullet-proof glass石英玻璃 quartz glass吸热玻璃 heat absorbing glass磨光玻璃 polished glass着色玻璃 pigmented glass玻璃瓦 glass tile玻璃砖 glass block有机玻璃 organic glassI. STAIRCASE, LANDING & LIFT (ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯楼梯 stair楼梯间 staircase疏散梯 emergency stair旋转梯 spiral stair (circular stair)吊车梯 crane ladder直爬梯 vertical ladder踏步 step扇形踏步 winder (wheel step)踏步板 tread档步板 riser踏步宽度 tread width防滑条 non-slip insert (strips)栏杆 railing (balustrade)平台栏杆 platform railing吊装孔栏杆 railing around mounting hole扶手 handrail梯段高度 height of flight防护梯笼 protecting cage (safety cage)平台 landing (platform)操作平台 operating platform装卸平台platform for loading & unloading楼梯平台 stair landing客梯 passenger lift货梯 goods lift客/货两用梯 goods/passenger lift液压电梯 hydraulic lift自动扶梯 escalator观光电梯 observation elevator电梯机房 lift mortar room电梯坑 lift pit电梯井道 lift shaftj. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDSAND PHRASES建筑材料词汇及短语• Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦红砖 red brick粘土砖 clay brick瓷砖 glazed brick (ceramic tile)防火砖 fire brick空心砖 hollow brick面砖 facing brick地板砖 flooring tile缸砖 clinkery brick马赛克 mosaic陶粒混凝土 ceramsite concrete琉璃瓦 glazed tile脊瓦 ridge tile石棉瓦 asbestos tile (shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦corrugated asbestoscement sheet• Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石石膏 gypsum大理石 marble汉白玉 white marble花岗岩 granite碎石 crushed stone毛石 rubble蛭石 vermiculite珍珠岩 pearlite水磨石 terrazzo卵石 cobble砾石 gravel粗砂 course sand中砂 medium sand细砂 fine sand• Cement, Mortar and Concrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥)Portland cement硅酸盐水泥 silicate cement火山灰水泥 pozzolana cement白水泥 white cement水泥砂浆 cement mortar石灰砂浆 lime mortar水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆) cement-lime mortar保温砂浆 thermal mortar防水砂浆 water-proof mortar耐酸砂浆 acid-resistant mortar耐碱砂浆 alkaline-resistant mortar沥青砂浆 bituminous mortar纸筋灰 paper strip mixed lime mortar麻刀灰 hemp cut lime mortar灰缝 mortar joint素混凝土 plain concrete钢筋混凝土 reinforced concrete轻质混凝土 lightweight concrete细石混凝土 fine aggregate concrete沥青混凝土 asphalt concrete泡沫混凝土 foamed concrete炉渣混凝土 cinder concreteFacing And Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料水刷石 granitic plaster斩假石 artificial stone刷浆 lime wash可赛银 casein大白浆 white wash麻刀灰打底 hemp cuts and lime asbase喷大白浆两道sprayed twice withwhite wash分格抹水泥砂浆cement mortarplaster sectioned板条抹灰 lath and plaster• Asphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉沥青卷材 asphalt felt沥青填料 asphalt filler沥青胶泥 asphalt grout冷底子油 adhesive bitumen primer沥青玛啼脂 asphaltic mastic沥青麻丝 bitumastic oakum石棉板 asbestos sheet石棉纤维 asbestos fiber• Timber 木材裂缝 crack透裂 split环裂 shake干缩 shrinkage翘曲 warping原木 log圆木 round timber方木 square timber板材 plank木条 batten板条 lath木板 board红松 red pine白松 white pine落叶松 deciduous pine云杉 spruce柏木 cypress白杨 white poplar桦木 birch冷杉 fir栎木 oak榴木 willow榆木 elm杉木 cedar柚木 teak樟木 camphor wood防腐处理的木材preservative-treated lumber胶合板 plywood三(五)合板 3(5)-plywood企口板 tongued and grooved board层夹板 laminated plank胶合层夹木材 glue-laminated lumber纤维板 fiber-board竹子 bamboo• Metallic Materials 金属材料黑色金属 ferrous metal圆钢 steelbBar方钢 square steel扁钢 steel atrap型钢 steel section (shape)槽钢 channel角钢 angle steel等边角钢 equal-leg angle不等边角钢 unequal-leg angle工字钢 I-beam宽翼缘工字钢 wide flange I-beam丁( 之)字钢 T-bar (Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢light gauge cold-formed steel shape热轧 hot-rolled冷轧 cold-rolled冷拉 cold-drawn冷压 cold-pressed合金钢 alloy steel钛合金 titanium alloy不锈钢 stainless steel竹节钢筋 corrugated steel bar变形钢筋 deformed bar光圆钢筋 plain round bar钢板 steel plate薄钢板 thin steel plate低碳钢 low carbon steel冷弯 cold bending钢管 steel pipe (tube)无缝钢管 seamless steel pipe焊接钢管 welded steel pipe黑铁管 iron pipe镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe铸铁 cast iron生铁 pig iron熟铁 wrought iron镀锌铁皮 galvanized steel sheet镀锌铁丝 galvanized steel wire钢丝网 steel wire mesh多孔金属网 expanded metal锰钢 managanese steel高强度合金钢 high strength alloysteel• Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属金 gold白金 platinum铜 copper黄铜 brass青铜 bronze银 silver铝 aluminum铅 lead• Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料聚乙烯 polythene, polyethylene尼龙 nylon聚氯乙烯 PVC (polyvinyl chloride)聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate聚苯乙烯 polystyrene丙烯酸树酯 acrylic resin乙烯基酯 vinyl ester橡胶内衬 rubber lining氯丁橡胶 neoprene沥青漆 bitumen paint环氧树脂漆 epoxy resin paint氧化锌底漆 zinc oxide primer防锈漆 anti-rust paint耐酸漆 acid-resistant paint耐碱漆 alkali-resistant paint水玻璃 sodium silicate树脂砂浆 resin-bonded mortar环氧树脂 epoxy resin• Building Hardware 建筑五金钉子 nails螺纹屋面钉spiral-threaded roofingnail环纹石膏板钉annular-ring gypsumboard nail螺丝 screws平头螺丝 flat-head screw螺栓 bolt普通螺栓 commercial bolt高强螺栓 high strength bolt预埋螺栓 insert bolt胀锚螺栓 cinch bolt垫片 washer• Paint 油漆底漆 primer防锈底漆 rust-inhibitive primer防腐漆 anti-corrosion paint调和漆 mixed paint无光漆 flat paint透明漆 varnish银粉漆 aluminum paint磁漆 enamel paint干性油 drying oil稀释剂 thinner焦油 tar沥青漆 asphalt paint桐油 tung oil, Chinese wood oil红丹 red lead铅油 lead oil腻子 puttyk. OTHER ARCHITECTURALTERMS 其它建筑术语• Discipline 专业建筑 architecture土木 civil给排水 water supply and drainage总图 plot plan采暖通风 H.V.A.C (heating、ventilation and air conditioning)电力供应 electric power supply电气照明 electric lighting电讯 telecommunication仪表 instrument热力供应 heat power supply动力 mechanical power工艺 process technology管道 piping• Conventional Terms 一般通用名词建筑原理 architectonics建筑形式 architectural style民用建筑 civil architecture城市建筑 urban architecture农村建筑 rural architecture农业建筑 farm building工业建筑 industrial building重工业的 heavy industrial轻工业的 light industrial古代建筑 ancient architecture现代建筑 modern architecture标准化建筑 standardized buildings 附属建筑 auxiliary buildings城市规划 city planning厂区内 within site厂区外 offsite封闭式 closed type开敞式 open type半开敞式 semi-open type模数制 modular system单位造价 unit cost概算 preliminary estimate承包商 constructor, contractor现场 site扩建 extension改建 reconstruction防火 fire-prevention防震 aseismatic, quake-proof防腐 anti-corrosion防潮 dump-proof防水 water-proof防尘 dust-proof防锈 rust-proof车流量 traffic volume货流量 freight traffic volume人流量 pedestrian volume透视图 perspective drawing建筑模型 building model• Architectural Physics 建筑物理照明 illumination照度 degree of illumination亮度 brightness日照 sunshine天然采光 natural lighting光强 light intensity侧光 side light顶光 top light眩光 glaze方位角 azimuth辐射 radiation对流 convection传导 conduction遮阳 sun-shade保温 thermal insulation恒温 constant temperature恒湿 constant humidity噪音 noise隔音 sound-proof吸音 sound absorption露点 dew point隔汽 vapor-proofName Of Professional role 职务名称项目经理 project manager (PM)设计经理 design manager首席建筑师 principal architect总工程师 chief engineer土木工程师 civil engineer工艺工程师 process engineer电气工程师 electrical engineer机械工程师 mechanical engineer计划工程师 planning engineer助理工程师 assistant engineer实习生 probationer专家 specialist, expert制图员 draftsman技术员 technician• Drafting 制图总说明 general specification工程说明 project specification采用标准规范目录 list of standardsand specification adopted图纸目录 list of drawings平面图 plan局部放大图 detail with enlargedscale．．．平面示意图 schematic planof...．．．平剖面图 sectional plan of...留孔平面图 plan of provision ofholes剖面 section纵剖面 longitudinal section横剖面 cross (transverse) section立面 elevation正立面 front elevation透视图 perspective drawing侧立面 side elevation背立面 back elevation详图 detail drawings典型节点 typical detail节点号 detail No.首页 front page图纸目录及说明list of contents anddescription图例 legend示意图 diagram草图 sketch荷载简图 load diagram流程示意图 flow diagram标准图 standard drawing．．．布置图 layout of ...地形图 topographical map土方工程图 earth-work drawing展开图 developed drawing模板图 formwork drawing配筋 arrangement of reinforcement表格 tables工程进度表 working schedule技术经济指标technical andeconomical index建、构筑物一览表list of buildingsand structures编号 coding序列号 serial No.行和栏 rows and columns备注 remarks等级 grade直线 straight Line曲线 curves曲折线 zigzag line虚线 dotted line实线 solid line影线 hatching line点划线 dot and dash line轴线 axis等高线 contour Line中心线 center Line双曲线 hyperbola抛物线 parabola切线 tangent Line尺寸线 dimension Line园形 round环形 annular方形 square矩形 rectangle平行四边形 parallelogram三角形 triangle五角形 pentagon六角形 hexagon八角形 octagon梯形 trapezoid圆圈 circle弓形 sagment扇形 sector球形的 spherical抛物面 paraboloid圆锥形 cone椭圆形 ellipse, oblong面积 area体积 volume容量 capacity重量 weight质量 mass力 force米 meter厘米 centimeter毫米 millimeter公顷 hectate牛顿/平方米 Newton/square meter 千克/立方米 kilogram/cubic meter 英尺 foot英寸 inch磅 pound吨 ton加仑 gallon千磅 kip平均尺寸 average dimension变尺寸 variable dimension外形尺寸 overall dimension展开尺寸 developed dimension内径 inside diameter外径 outside diameter净重 net weight毛重 gross weight数量 quantity百分比 percentage净空 clearance净高 headroom净距 clear distance净跨 clear span截面尺寸 sectional dimension开间 bay进深 depth单跨 single span双跨 double span多跨 multi-span标高 elevation, level绝对标高 absolute elevation设计标高 designed elevation室外地面标高 ground elevation 室内地面标高 floor elevation柱网 column grid坐标 coordinate厂区占地 site area使用面积 usable area辅助面积 service area通道面积 passage area管架 pipe rack管廊 pipeline gallery架空管线 overhead pipeline排水沟 drain ditch集水坑 sump pit喷泉 fountain地漏 floor drain消火栓 fire hydrant灭火器 fire extinguisher二氧化碳灭火器carbon dioxideextinguisher卤代烷灭火器 halon extinguisher不知道有没有人用得着这个，还有好多下次再发好讨厌的30秒和四千字作者：sea526 回复日期：2019-12-1520:43:00俩字：恐怖2. STRUCTURE 结构专业a. Load 荷载拔力 pulling force标准值 standard value残余应力 residual stress冲击荷载 impact load, punch load残余变形 residual deflection承压 bearing承载能力 bearing capacity承重 bearing, load bearing承重结构 bearing structure脆性材料 brittle material脆性破坏 brittle failure抵抗力 resisting power, resistance吊车荷载 crane load分布荷载 distributed load风荷载 wind load风速 wind velocity, wind speed风压 wind pressure风振 wind vibration浮力 buoyance, floatage符号 symbol, mark负弯矩 negative moment, hoggingmoment附加荷载 additional load附加应力 additional stress副作用 side effect, by-effect刚度 rigidity刚度比 ratio of rigidity刚度系数 rigidity factor刚接 rigid connection刚性节点 rigid joint恒载 dead load荷载传递 transmission of load固端弯矩 fixed-end moment活荷载 live load积灰荷载 dust load集中荷载 concentrated load加载, 加荷 loading剪力 shear, shearing force剪切破坏 shear failure剪应变 shear strain剪应力 shear stress简支 simple support静定结构 statically determinatestructure截面模量 modulus of section,section modulus静力 static force静力分析 static analysis局部压力 local pressure, partialpressure局部压屈 local bulkling绝对值 absolute value均布荷载 uniformly distributed load抗拔力 pulling resistance抗剪刚度 shear rigidity抗剪强度 shear strength, shearingstrength抗拉强度 tensile strength抗扭 torsion resistance抗扭刚度 torsional rigidity抗弯 bending resistance抗弯刚度 bending rigidity抗压强度 compressive strength,compression strength可靠性 reliability可靠性设计 reliability design拉力 tensile force拉应力 tensile stress, tension stress拉应变 tensile strain, tension strain临界点 critical point临界荷载 critical load临界应力 critical stress密度 density离心力 centrifugal force摩擦力 friction force摩擦系数 frictional factor挠度 deflection内力 internal force, inner force扭矩 moment of torsion, torsionalmoment疲劳强度 fatigue strength偏心荷载 eccentric load, non-centralload偏心距 eccentric distance,eccentricity偏心受拉 eccentric tension偏心受压 eccentric compression屈服强度 yield strength使用荷载 working load水平力 horizontal force水平推力 horizontal thrust弹塑性变形 elastoplastic deformation弹性 elasticity, resilience, spring塑限 plastic limit弹性变形 elastic deformation塑性变形 plastic deformation弹性模量 modulus of elastic,elastic modulus体积 volume, bulk, cubature, cubage土压力 earth pressure, soil pressure弯矩 bending moment, moment弯曲半径 radius at bent, radius of curve位移 displacement温度应力 temperature stress温度作用 temperature action系数 coefficient, factor雪荷载 snow load压应变 compression strain压应力 compression stress应力集中 concentration of stress预应力 prestressing force, prestress振动荷载 vibrating load, racking load支座反力 support reaction自重 own weight作用 action, effect作用点 point ofapplication,application jointb. Ground Base and Foundation地基及基础板桩 sheet pile, sheeting pile板桩基础 sheet pile foundation饱和粘土 saturation clay冰冻线 frost line, freezing level不均匀沉降unequal settlement, differential settlement残积土 residual soil沉积物 deposit, sediment沉降 settlement沉降差 difference in settlement沉降缝 settlement joint沉井 sinking well, sunk well沉箱 caisson持力层 bearing stratum冲积 alluviation锤夯 hammer tamping档土墙 retaining wall, breast wall底板 base slab, base plate, bed plate地板 floor board地基 ground base, ground地基承载力 ground bearing capacity地基处理 ground treatment, soil treatment地基稳定 base stabilization地梁 ground beam, ground sill地漏 floor drain地下工程 substructure work,understructure work地下室 basement, cellar地下水 ground water地下水位 groundwater level, watertable地下水压力 ground water pressure地质报告 geologic report垫层 bedding, blinding独立基础isolated foundation, individualfoundation端承桩 end-bearing pile筏式基础 raft foundation粉砂 silt, rock flour粉质粘土 silty clay粉质土 silty soil扶壁式档土墙 buttressed retainingwall腐蚀 corrosion覆土 earth covering刚性基础 rigid foundation沟盖板 trench cover固结 consolidation灌注桩 cast-in-place pile, cast in sitepile护坡 slope protection, revetment护桩 guard pile环墙 ring wall灰土 lime earth回填 backfill, backfilling回填土 backfill, backfill soil混凝土找平层 concrete screed火山灰水泥 trass cement基槽 foundation trench基础 foundation, base基础底板 foundation slab基础埋深 embedded depth offoundation基础平面图 foundation plan地基勘探 site exploration, siteinvestigation基坑 foundation pit集水坑 collecting sump阶形基础 stepped foundation结合层 binding course, bondingcourse井点 well point井点排水 well point unwatering开挖 excavation, cutting勘测 exploration and survey勘测资料 exploration data沥青 bitumen, asphalt, pitch联合基础 combined foundation卵石 cobble, pebble埋置 embedment毛石基础 rubble foundation锚筋 anchor bar锚桩 anchor pile密实度 compactness, density,denseness摩擦桩 friction pile, floating pile粘土 clay粘质粉土 clay silt碾压 roller compaction, rolling排水 drainage, dewatering排水沟 drainage ditch排水孔 weep hole, drain hole排水设备 dewatering equipment普通硅酸盐水泥 ordinary Portlandcement群桩 grouped piles容许沉降 permissible settlement容许承载力 allowable bearing软土 soft soil砂垫层 sand bedding course, sandcushion砂土 sandy soil, sands砂质粉土 sandy silt设备基础 equipment foundation水泥搅拌桩 cement injection素土夯实 rammed earth, packed soil碎石桩 stone columns弹性地基 elastic foundation弹性地基梁 beam on elasticfoundation填方 fill, filling填土 earth-fill, earth filling, filling条形基础 strip foundation土方工程 earthwork挖方 excavation work, excavation箱形基础 box foundation压实 compaction, compacting压实系数 compacting factor验槽 check of foundation subsoil预制混凝土桩 precast concrete pile中砂 medium sand重力式档土墙 gravity retaining wall桩承台 pile cap钻孔桩 bored pile钻探 exploration drilling, drilling,最终沉降 final settlementc.Reinforcement Concrete Structure钢筋混凝土结构板缝 slab joint板厚 thickness of slab板式楼梯 cranked slab stairs板跨度 span of slab薄壁结构 thin-walled structure薄腹梁 thin wedded girder保护层 protective coating臂式吊车 boom crane, boom hoist边梁 edge beam, boundary beam变截面 variable cross-section变形缝 movement joint变形钢筋 deformed bar初凝 initial setting, pre-setting次梁 secondary beam大型屋面板 precast ribbed roof slab单层厂房 one-storied factory单筋梁 beam with single reinforcement单跨 single span单向板 one-way slab垫块 cushion block垫梁 template beam吊车梁 crane beam, crane girder顶棚抹灰 ceiling plastering端跨 end span, tail bay多跨连续梁 multi-span beam翻边 upstand反梁 upstand beam分布钢筋 distribution-bar封闭式箍筋 closed stirrup附加钢筋 additional bar刚架 rigid frame, stiff frame钢筋 reinforcement, steel bar, bar钢筋表 Bar Schedules钢筋笼 steel reinforcement cage钢筋间距 spacing of bars, bar spacing钢筋网 bar-mat reinforcement,mesh reinforcement钢筋砖 reinforced brick勾缝 joint pointing构架 frame, gallows构件 member, structural member构造 construction构造钢筋 constructional reinforcement构造柱 onstructional column, tie column构筑物 structure箍筋 hoop reinforcement, hooping箍筋间距 stirrup spacing固定端 fixed end, retained end固端梁 fixed-end beam, fixed beam过梁 lintel, breast summer混凝土强度等级 grade of concrete机制砖 machine-made brick剪力墙 shear wall简支梁 simply supported beam经济跨度 economic span经济配筋率economic ratio ofreinforcement劲性钢筋 stiff reinforcement劲性钢筋混凝土结构steel composite construction径向钢筋 radial reinforcement抗剪钢筋 shear reinforcement抗拉钢筋 tension reinforcement受压钢筋 compression reinforcement可见裂缝 visible crack刻痕钢丝 indented steel wire坑 pit, hollow, delve空斗墙 rowlock cavity wall, rolockwall空心板 hollow slab空心砖隔墙 hollow tile partition跨度 span框架 frame框架剪力墙结构 frame-shear wallstructure拉接钢筋 tie bar栏杆 railing, banister栏杆立柱 railing post老化 aging累积误差 accumulated error肋形楼板 ribbed floor slab冷拔低碳钢丝 cold-drawn low-carbon wire冷脆性 cold shortness, coolingbrittleness冷弯 cold bending冷轧 cold rolling离析 segregation梁垫 beam pad, template, pad梁挠度 beam deflection楼梯斜梁 string, stringer螺旋楼梯 spiral stair, windingstaircase马鞍形壳 saddle shell锚固 anchoring门框, 门樘 door frame门式刚架 portal frame面砖, 墙面砖 facing tile, wall tile耐火混凝土 fire-resisting concrete排架 bent, bent frame女儿墙 parapet wall, parapet配筋率 reinforcement ratio配箍率 stirrup ratio砌块 block圈梁 ring beam, tie beam, bond beam山墙 gable深梁 deep beam伸缩缝 expansion joint实腹梁 solid web girder实腹柱 solid web column竖向钢筋 vertical reinforcement双向配筋 two-way reinforcement素混凝土 plain concrete筒中筒结构 tube-in-tube structure网状钢筋 steel mesh reinforcement围堰 cofferdam, coffer无梁楼盖 flat slab, flat plate系梁 tiebeam预应力钢筋混凝土prestressed reinforced concrete预应力构件 prestressed component预制 prefabrication预制板 precast slab预制构件 prefabrication component预制装配式结构 prefabricatedconstruction折板 folded plate, folded slab折板结构 folded-plate structure主筋 main reinforcement, main bar主梁 main beam, girder柱距 column spacing, post spacing装配式结构 fabricated structure纵梁 longitudinal beam纵剖面 longitudinal section纵向钢筋 longitudinal bard. Steel Structure 钢结构薄壁型钢 light-gauge steel section,hollow steel section不等肢角钢 unequal angle steel槽钢 channel, channel steel背对背角钢组合 angles back to back不锈钢 stainless steel除锈 rust-removal粗制螺栓 rough bolt, black bolt带钢 strip steel, band iron单面焊 single weld, one-side welding地脚螺栓 foundation bolt, anchor bolt,holding down bolt点焊 spot welding, point welding电动葫芦 electric hoist等边角钢 equal angle, equal leg angle对接焊, 对焊 butt welding腹板 web plate, web腹杆 web member腹板加劲件 web stiffener杆 rod, bar钢板 steel plate钢管 steel tube, steel pipe钢桁架 steel truss钢框架 steel frame钢梯, 爬梯 steel ladder高强度螺栓 high strength bolt格构柱 lattice column工字梁 I-girder, I-beam。
建筑专业名词中英文对照word文档
1．设计指标：statistics用地面积:site area建筑占地面积：building foot print总建筑面积：total area建筑面积floor area，building area地上建筑面积：ground area地下建筑面积:underground area整体面积需求: Demand for built area公共绿地：public green land备用地用地:reserved land容积率：FAR建筑密度:building coverage绿地率：green ratio绿化率：green landscape ratio建筑高度：building height层数:number of floors停车位：parking unit地面停车：ground parking地下停车：underground parking使用面积：usable area公用面积：public area实用面积：effective area居住面积：living area计租面积rental area？租用面积得房率:effien开间bay进深depth跨度span坡度：slope，grade净空：clearance净高：clear height净空（楼梯间下)：headroom净距：clear distance套内面积：unit constraction area公摊面积:shared public area竣工面积:辅助面积：service area结构面积:structural area交通面积：communication area,passage area共有建筑面积：common building area共有建筑面积分摊系数：common building area amount coefficient公用建筑面积：public building area销售面积：sales area绿化覆盖率：green coverage ratio 层高:floor height净高：clear height公用建筑面积分摊系数：public building area amount coefficient住宅用地：residential area其他用地:公共服务设施用地：land for public facilities道路用地：land for roads公共绿地：public green space道路红线：road property line建筑线（建筑红线）:set back line用地红线：property line，boundary line第一轮：1st round计划和程序：schedule and program工程进度表:working schedule构造材料表:list of building materials and construction设计说明:design statement图纸目录和说明:list of drawings and descriptions项目标准:project standards总结：conclusion文本及陈述：封皮：cover目录:content技术经济指标：technical and economical index概念规划设计：conceptual master paln and architectural design基地分析：location analysis项目区位分析图：description of the region site and city space view analyze概念构思说明：chief design concept指导思想（设计主旨)：key concepts概述：introduction宗旨:mission statement愿景及设计效果：vision and design concept城市空间景观分析：urban space landscape identity绿化景观分析：landscape analysis交通分析：traffic analysis生态系统:ecological system地块A：area A模型照片：model images案例分析：case study草图：sketches设计构思草图：concept sketches规划总平面图：site plan鸟瞰图:bird view.功能分区图：function organization单体透视图:unit perspective1—1剖面图：section 1—1立面图:elevation沿街立面图：street elevation平面图：plan地下一层平面图:basement plan;B1 plan首层平面图：F1 plan；ground floor plan二层平面图：2F floor plan设计阶段stages of design草图sketch方案scheme初步设计preliminary design施工图working drawing平面图plan平面放大图plan in enlarged scale剖面图section立面图elevation节点详图detail drawing透视图perspective drawings鸟瞰图birds—eye view示意图schematic diagram区划图block plan位置图location示意图：schematic diagram背景介绍：project background报告书目的:purpose of report专案区位背景：Context of 。
建筑专业名词中英文对照
建筑专业名词中英文对照.Design indicators include statistics such as site area。
building foot print。
total area。
floor area。
ground area。
underground area。
demand for built area。
public green land。
and reserved land。
Other XXX (floor area )。
building coverage。
green。
green landscape。
building height。
number of floors。
parking units (both ground and underground)。
usable area。
public area。
effective area。
living area。
rental area。
effien。
bay。
depth。
span。
slope。
grade。
clearance。
headroom。
clear distance。
unit n area。
shared public area。
structural area。
n area。
and common building area。
The common building area amount coefficient and public building area are also important ns。
as well as sales area。
green coverage。
and floor height。
Clear height is an XXX.公用建筑面积分摊系数被定义为公共建筑面积与总建筑面积之比，用于计算每个单位的公共建筑面积。
住宅用地是指用于建造住宅的土地，而公共服务设施用地是用于建造公共设施的土地。
道路用地是指用于建造道路的土地，而公共绿地是用于建造公共绿化空间的土地。
建筑专业词汇《中英文对照》
建筑专业词汇《中英文对照》~~建筑专业词汇建设,建筑,修建 to build, to construct建筑学 architecture修筑,建筑物 building房子 house摩天大楼 skyscraper公寓楼 block of flats (美作:apartment block) 纪念碑 monument宫殿 palace庙宇 temple皇宫,教堂 basilica大教堂 cathedral教堂 church塔,塔楼 tower十层办公大楼 ten-storey office block柱 column柱列 colonnade拱 arch市政 town planning (美作:city planning)营建许可证,建筑开工许可证 building permission 绿地 greenbelt建筑物的三面图 elevation设计图 plan比例尺 scale预制 to prefabricate挖土,掘土 excavation基 foundations, base, subgrade打地基 to lay the foundations砌好的砖列 course of bricks脚手架 scaffold, scaffolding质量合格证书 certification of fitness 原材料 raw material底板 bottom plate垫层 cushion侧壁 sidewall中心线 center line条形基础 strip footing附件 accessories型钢 profile steel钢板 steel plate熔渣 slag飞溅 welding spatter定位焊 tacking引弧 generating of arc熄弧 quenching of arc焊道 welding bead坡口 beveled edges外观检查 visual inspection重皮 double-skin水平方向弧度 radian in horizontal direction成型 molding直线度 straightness accuracy焊缝角变形 welding line angular distortion水平度 levelness铅垂度 verticality翘曲变形 buckling deformation角尺 angle square对接焊缝 butt weld母材 parent metal法兰密封面 flange sealing surface夹层 interlayer表面锈蚀浓度 surface corrosion concentration挠曲变 bending deformation超声波探伤 ultrasonic testing/ ultrasonic examination 压力容器 pressure vessel预制下料 prefabrication baiting排版直径 set-type diameter焊缝 welding line中幅板 center plate测量方法 measuring method基准点 datum mark跳焊 skip welding允许偏差 allowable variation补强板 stiffening plate开孔 tapping对接接头 banjo fixing butt jointing角钢 angle iron安装基准圆 installation fundamental circle 吊装立柱 hoisting upright column焊接钢管 welded steel pipe向心斜拉筋 centripetal canting pull rope 带板 band plate槽钢胀圈 channel steel expansion ring环口 collar extension局部变形 local distortion环缝 circumferential weld顶板 top plate拱顶 vault顶板加强肋 stiffening rib对接 butt joint胎具 clamping fixture卷板机 plate bending rolls中心支架 center bearing bracket椭圆度 ovality等分线 bisectrix搭接宽度 lap width点焊 spot welding搭接焊 overlap welding对称 symmetrically螺旋爬梯 cockle stairs放料阀 baiting valve液位计 content gauge芬兰维萨拉 Vailsla OY美国美科 "Met-coil, USA"集中式空调系统 centralized air conditioning system 裙房 annex热源 heat source平面位置的空间 space of planimetric position密封性能 sealing performance机房 machine room节点 timing专业 "profession or discipline 都可以,要根据上下文"连体法兰 coupling flange垂直井笼 vertical well cage变风量 variable air rate施工面展开 construction unfolds违约行为 noncompliance合同交底- contract presentation管理承包商 Management Contractor party工程量 work amount实施的形象进度 progress of implementation完工资料 as-built documentation文整 clear-up审核 review汽车式起重机 Autocrane深化图纸 deepen drawing设备配置计划 equipment furnishment plan结构预埋配合阶段 Structure pre-embedment assistance stage精装修阶段 Fine fitment stage工程施工阶段 Construction stage工程竣工阶段 Completion stage台钻 Bench drill冲击钻 Churn drill手电钻 Electric portable drill砂轮切割机 Abrasive cutting off machine角钢卷圆机 Angle iron rolling machine管道切断器 Pipe cutting machine铜管调直机 Copper pipe straightening machine管道压槽机 Book joint setting machine for pipes管道压槽机 Book joint setting machine for pipes角向磨光机 Angle polishing machine电动套丝机 Electric threading machine电动卷扬机 Electric winch电动试压泵 Motor-driven pressure test pump手动试压泵 Manual pressure test pump阀门试压机 Valve pressure test device阀门试压机 Valve pressure test deviceTDC(F)风管加工流水线 TDC(F)air ductwork fabricationstream line等离子切割机 Plasma cutting machineTDC(F)法兰条成型机 TDC(F) flange strip shaping mill 勾码成型机 Forming machine for flange clampTDC(F)风管加工成型机 TDC(F) duct fabrication shaping mill多普勒超声波流量检测仪 Doppler ultrasonic flow detector 温、湿度传感器 "Temperature, humidity senor"精密声级计 Precision sound level meter风管漏风量测试仪、风室式漏风测试装置 "Duct air leakage tester, airchamber air leakage testing device"风罩式风量测试仪 Air hood air rate tester微压计、毕托管、热球（电）风速仪 "Micromanometer ,pitot tube, hot bulb(electrical) anemoscope"潜水泵 Submerged pump电动弯管机 Electric pipe bender铜管弯管机 Copper pipe bender液压弯管机 Hydraulic pipe bender电动剪刀 Electric clipper液压铆钉钳 Hydraulic riveting clamp线槽电锯 Trunking electric saw开孔器 Tapper电动空压机 Electric air compressor液压千斤顶 Hydraulic jack液压手推车 Hydraulic trolley焊条烘干箱 Welding rod drying box手拉葫芦 Chain block道（垫）木 Sleeper转速表 Tachometer电流钳型表 Clip-style ammeter压力表 Pressure gauge接地电阻测试仪 Earthing resistance testing device氧气表 Oxygen gauge乙炔表 Acetylene gauge对讲机 Walkie talkie文件和资料 documents and information建设单位 Construction unit安装单位 Installation unita. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据b. DESIGN STAGE 设计阶段c. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件d. GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间名称e. ROOFING & CEILING 屋面及天棚f. WALL(CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板)g. FLOOR & TRENCH 地面及地沟h. DOORS 、GLASS、WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件I. STAIRCASE、LANDING & LIFT(ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯j. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语【 Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦】【Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石】【Cement, Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土】【Facing And Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料】【Asphalt (Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉】【Timber 木材】【Metallic Materials 金属材料】【Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属】【Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料】【Building Hardware 建筑五金】【Paint 油漆】k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语【Discipline 专业】【Conventional Terms 一般通用名词】【Architectural Physics 建筑物理】【Name Of Professional role 职务名称】【Drafting 制图】a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据计划建议书 planning proposals设计任务书 design order标准规范standards and codes条件图 information drawing设计基础资料 basic data for design工艺流程图 process flowchart工程地质资料 engineering geological data原始资料 original data设计进度 schedule of designb. STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段方案 scheme, draft草图 sketch会谈纪要summary of discussion谈判 negotiation可行性研究 feasibility study初步设计 preliminary design基础设计 basic design详细设计 detail design询价图 enquiry drawing施工图 working drawing, construction drawing竣工图 as built drawingc. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件日照 sunshine风玫瑰 wind rose主导风向 prevailing wind direction最大(平均)风速 maximum (mean) wind velocity 风荷载 wind load最大(平均)降雨量 maximum (mean) rainfall雷击及闪电 thunder and lightning飓风 hurricane台风 typhoon旋风 cyclone降雨强度rainfall intensity年降雨量 annual rainfall湿球温度 wet bulb temperature干球温度 dry bulb temperature冰冻期 frost period冰冻线 frost line冰冻区 frost zone室外计算温度 calculating outdoor temperature 采暖地区 region with heating provision不采暖地区 region without heating provision 绝对大气压 absolute atmospheric pressure相对湿度 relative humidityd. GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间名称办公室 office服务用房 service room换班室 shift room休息室 rest room (break room)起居室 living room浴室 bathroom淋浴间 shower更衣室 locker room厕所 lavatory门厅 lobby诊室 clinic工作间 workshop电气开关室 switch room走廊 corridor档案室 archive电梯机房 lift motor room车库 garage清洁间 cleaning room会议室(正式) conference room会议室 meeting room衣柜间 ward robe暖风间 H.V.A.C room饭店 restaurant餐厅 canteen, dining room厨房 kitchen入口 entrance接待处 reception area会计室 accountant room秘书室 secretary room电气室 electrical room控制室 control room工长室 foreman office开关柜室 switch gear前室 ante cabinet (Ante.)生产区 production area马达控制中心 Mcc多功能用房 utility room化验室 laboratory room经理室 manager room披屋(阁楼) penthouse警卫室 guard housee. ROOFING AND CEILING 屋面及天棚女儿墙 parapet雨蓬 canopy屋脊 roof ridge坡度 slope坡跨比 pitch分水线 water-shed二毡三油 2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic 附加油毡一层 extra ply of felt檐口 eave挑檐 overhanging eave檐沟 eave gutter平屋面 flat roof坡屋面 pitched roof雨水管 downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W.P)汇水面积 catchment area泛水 flashing内排水 interior drainage外排水 exterior drainage滴水 drip屋面排水 roof drainage找平层 leveling course卷材屋面 built-up roofing天棚 ceiling檩条 purlin屋面板 roofing board天花板 ceiling board防水层 water-proof course检查孔 inspection hole人孔 manhole吊顶 suspended ceiling, false ceiling 檐板(窗帘盒) cornicef. WALL (CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板)砖墙 brick wall砌块墙 block wall清水砖墙 brick wall without plastering 抹灰墙 rendered wall石膏板墙 gypsum board, plaster board 空心砖墙 hollow brick wall承重墙 bearing wall非承重墙 non-bearing wall纵墙 longitudinal wall横墙 transverse wall外墙 external (exterior) wall内墙 internal (interior) wall填充墙 filler wall防火墙 fire wall窗间墙 wall between window空心墙 cavity wall压顶 coping圈梁 gird, girt, girth玻璃隔断 glazed wall防潮层 damp-proof course (D.P.C)遮阳板 sunshade阳台 balcony伸缩缝 expansion joint沉降缝 settlement joint抗震缝 seismic joint复合夹心板 sandwich board压型单板 corrugated single steel plate 外墙板 cladding panel复合板 composite panel轻质隔断 light-weight partition牛腿 bracket砖烟囱 brick chimney勒脚(基座) plinthg. FLOOR AND TRENCH 地面及地沟地坪 grade地面和楼面 ground and floor素土夯实 rammed earth炉渣夯实 tamped cinder填土 filled earth回填土夯实 tamped backfill垫层 bedding course, blinding面层 covering, finish结合层 bonding (binding) course找平层 leveling course素水泥浆结合层 neat cement binding course混凝土地面 concrete floor水泥地面 cement floor机器磨平混凝土地面 machine trowelled concrete floor水磨石地面 terrazzo flooring马赛克地面 mosaic flooring瓷砖地面 ceramic tile flooring油地毡地面 linoleum flooring预制水磨石地面 precast terrazzo flooring硬木花地面 hard-wood parquet flooring搁栅 joist硬木毛地面 hard-wood rough flooring企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring防酸地面 acid-resistant floor钢筋混凝土楼板 reinforced concrete slab (R.C Slab)乙烯基地面 vinyl flooring水磨石嵌条 divider strip for terrazzo地面做2％坡 floor with 2% slope集水沟 gully集水口 gulley排水沟 drainage trench沟盖板 trench cover活动盖板 removable cover plate集水坑 sump pit孔翻边 hole up stand电缆沟 cable trenchh. DOORS, GLASS, WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件木 (钢)门 wooden (steel) door镶板门 panelled door夹板门 plywood door铝合金门 aluminum alloy door卷帘门 roller shutter door弹簧门 swing door推拉门 sliding door平开门 side-hung door折叠门 folding door旋转门 revolving door玻璃门 glazed door密闭门 air-Tight door保温门 thermal insulating door镀锌铁丝网门 galvanized steel wire mesh door防火门 fire door(大门上的)小门 wicket门框 door frame门扇 door leaf门洞 door opening结构开洞 structural opening单扇门 single door双扇门 double door疏散门 emergency door纱门 screen door门槛 door sill门过梁 door lintel上冒头 top rail下冒头 bottom rail门边木 stile门樘侧料 side jumb槽口 notch木窗 wooden window钢窗 steel window铝合金窗 aluminum alloy window百叶窗 (通风为主) sun-bind, louver (louver, shutter, blind) 塑钢窗 plastic steel window空腹钢窗 hollow steel window固定窗 fixed window平开窗 side-hung window推拉窗 sliding window气窗 transom上悬窗 top-hung window中悬窗 center-pivoted window下悬窗 hopper window活动百叶窗 adjustable louver天窗 skylight老虎窗 dormer window密封双层玻璃 sealed double glazing钢筋混凝土过梁 reinforced concrete lintel钢筋砖过梁 reinforced brick lintel窗扇 casement sash窗台 window sill窗台板 window board窗中梃 mullion窗横木 mutin窗边木 stile压缝条 cover mould窗帘盒 curtain box合页(铰链) hinge (butts)转轴 pivot长脚铰链 parliament hinge闭门器 door closer地弹簧 floor closer插销 bolt门锁 door lock拉手 pull链条 chain门钩 door hanger碰球 ball latch窗钩 window catch暗插销 insert bolt电动开关器 electric opener平板玻璃 plate glass夹丝玻璃 wire glass透明玻璃 clear glass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃) ground glass (frosted glass)防弹玻璃 bullet-proof glass石英玻璃 quartz glass吸热玻璃 heat absorbing glass磨光玻璃 polished glass着色玻璃 pigmented glass玻璃瓦 glass tile玻璃砖 glass block有机玻璃 organic glassI. STAIRCASE, LANDING & LIFT (ELEVATOR) 楼梯、休息平台及电梯楼梯 stair楼梯间 staircase疏散梯 emergency stair旋转梯 spiral stair (circular stair)吊车梯 crane ladder直爬梯 vertical ladder踏步 step扇形踏步 winder (wheel step)踏步板 tread档步板 riser踏步宽度 tread width防滑条 non-slip insert (strips)栏杆 railing (balustrade)平台栏杆 platform railing吊装孔栏杆 railing around mounting hole扶手 handrail梯段高度 height of flight防护梯笼 protecting cage (safety cage)平台 landing (platform)操作平台 operating platform装卸平台 platform for loading & unloading楼梯平台 stair landing客梯 passenger lift货梯 goods lift客/货两用梯 goods/passenger lift液压电梯 hydraulic lift自动扶梯 escalator观光电梯 observation elevator电梯机房 lift mortar room电梯坑 lift pit电梯井道 lift shaftj. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦红砖 red brick粘土砖 clay brick瓷砖 glazed brick (ceramic tile)防火砖 fire brick空心砖 hollow brick面砖 facing brick地板砖 flooring tile缸砖 clinkery brick马赛克 mosaic陶粒混凝土 ceramsite concrete琉璃瓦 glazed tile脊瓦 ridge tile石棉瓦 asbestos tile (shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦 corrugated asbestos cement sheet Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石石膏 gypsum大理石 marble汉白玉 white marble花岗岩 granite碎石 crushed stone毛石 rubble蛭石 vermiculite珍珠岩 pearlite水磨石 terrazzo卵石 cobble砾石 gravel粗砂 course sand中砂 medium sand细砂 fine sandCement, Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥) Portland cement硅酸盐水泥 silicate cement火山灰水泥 pozzolana cement白水泥 white cement水泥砂浆 cement mortar石灰砂浆 lime mortar水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆) cement-lime mortar保温砂浆 thermal mortar防水砂浆 water-proof mortar耐酸砂浆 acid-resistant mortar耐碱砂浆 alkaline-resistant mortar沥青砂浆 bituminous mortar纸筋灰 paper strip mixed lime mortar麻刀灰 hemp cut lime mortar灰缝 mortar joint素混凝土 plain concrete钢筋混凝土 reinforced concrete轻质混凝土 lightweight concrete细石混凝土 fine aggregate concrete沥青混凝土 asphalt concrete泡沫混凝土 foamed concrete炉渣混凝土 cinder concreteFacing And Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料水刷石 granitic plaster斩假石 artificial stone刷浆 lime wash可赛银 casein大白浆 white wash麻刀灰打底 hemp cuts and lime as base喷大白浆两道 sprayed twice with white wash分格抹水泥砂浆 cement mortar plaster sectioned 板条抹灰 lath and plasterAsphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉沥青卷材 asphalt felt沥青填料 asphalt filler沥青胶泥 asphalt grout冷底子油 adhesive bitumen primer沥青玛啼脂 asphaltic mastic沥青麻丝 bitumastic oakum石棉板 asbestos sheet石棉纤维 asbestos fiberTimber 木材裂缝 crack透裂 split环裂 shake干缩 shrinkage翘曲 warping原木 log圆木 round timber方木 square timber板材 plank木条 batten板条 lath木板 board红松 red pine白松 white pine落叶松 deciduous pine云杉 spruce柏木 cypress白杨 white poplar桦木 birch冷杉 fir栎木 oak榴木 willow榆木 elm杉木 cedar柚木 teak樟木 camphor wood防腐处理的木材 preservative-treated lumber胶合板 plywood三(五)合板 3(5)-plywood企口板 tongued and grooved board层夹板 laminated plank胶合层夹木材 glue-laminated lumber纤维板 fiber-board竹子 bambooMetallic Materials 金属材料黑色金属 ferrous metal圆钢 steel Bar方钢 square steel扁钢 steel strap,flat steel型钢 steel section (shape)槽钢 channel角钢 angle steel等边角钢 equal-leg angle不等边角钢 unequal-leg angle工字钢 I-beam宽翼缘工字钢 wide flange I-beam丁( 之)字钢 T-bar (Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢 light gauge cold-formed steel shape 热轧 hot-rolled冷轧 cold-rolled冷拉 cold-drawn冷压 cold-pressed合金钢 alloy steel钛合金 titanium alloy不锈钢 stainless steel竹节钢筋 corrugated steel bar变形钢筋 deformed bar光圆钢筋 plain round bar钢板 steel plate薄钢板 thin steel plate低碳钢 low carbon steel冷弯 cold bending钢管 steel pipe (tube)无缝钢管 seamless steel pipe焊接钢管 welded steel pipe黑铁管 iron pipe镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe铸铁 cast iron生铁 pig iron熟铁 wrought iron镀锌铁皮 galvanized steel sheet镀锌铁丝 galvanized steel wire钢丝网 steel wire mesh多孔金属网 expanded metal锰钢 managanese steel高强度合金钢 high strength alloy steelNon-Ferrous Metal 有色金属金 gold白金 platinum铜 copper黄铜 brass青铜 bronze银 silver铝 aluminum铅 leadAnti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料聚乙烯 polythene, polyethylene尼龙 nylon聚氯乙烯 PVC (poly vinyl chloride)聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate聚苯乙烯 polystyrene丙烯酸树酯 acrylic resin乙烯基酯 vinyl ester橡胶内衬 rubber lining氯丁橡胶 neoprene沥青漆 bitumen paint环氧树脂漆 epoxy resin paint氧化锌底漆 zinc oxide primer防锈漆 anti-rust paint耐酸漆 acid-resistant paint耐碱漆 alkali-resistant paint水玻璃 sodium silicate树脂砂浆 resin-bonded mortar环氧树脂 epoxy resinBuilding Hardware 建筑五金钉子 nails螺纹屋面钉spiral-threaded roofing nail环纹石膏板钉 annular-ring gypsum board nail 螺丝 screws平头螺丝 flat-head screw螺栓 bolt普通螺栓 commercial bolt高强螺栓 high strength bolt预埋螺栓 insert bolt胀锚螺栓 cinch bolt垫片 washerPaint 油漆底漆 primer防锈底漆 rust-inhibitive primer防腐漆 anti-corrosion paint调和漆 mixed paint无光漆 flat paint透明漆 varnish银粉漆 aluminum paint磁漆 enamel paint干性油 drying oil稀释剂 thinner焦油 tar沥青漆 asphalt paint桐油 tung oil, Chinese wood oil红丹 red lead铅油 lead oil腻子 puttyk. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语Discipline 专业建筑 architecture土木 civil给排水 water supply and drainage总图 plot plan采暖通风 H.V.A.C (heating、ventilation and air conditioning) 电力供应 electric power supply电气照明 electric lighting电讯 telecommunication仪表 instrument热力供应 heat power supply动力 mechanical power工艺 process technology管道 pipingConventional Terms 一般通用名词建筑原理 architectonics建筑形式 architectural style民用建筑 civil architecture城市建筑 urban architecture农村建筑 rural architecture农业建筑 farm building工业建筑 industrial building重工业的 heavy industrial轻工业的 light industrial古代建筑 ancient architecture现代建筑 modern architecture标准化建筑 standardized buildings 附属建筑 auxiliary buildings城市规划 city planning厂区内 within site厂区外 offsite封闭式 closed type开敞式 open type半开敞式 semi-open type模数制 modular system单位造价 unit cost概算 preliminary estimate承包商 constructor, contractor现场 site扩建 extension改建 reconstruction防火 fire-prevention防震 aseismatic, quake-proof防腐 anti-corrosion防潮 dump-proof防水 water-proof防尘 dust-proof防锈 rust-proof车流量 traffic volume建筑模型 building model Architectural Physics 建筑物理照明 illumination照度 degree of illumination亮度 brightness日照 sunshine天然采光 natural lighting光强 light intensity侧光 side light顶光 top light眩光 glaze方位角 azimuth辐射 radiation对流 convection传导 conduction遮阳 sun-shade保温 thermal insulation恒温 constant temperature恒湿 constant humidity噪音 noise隔音 sound-proof吸音 sound absorption露点 dew point隔汽 vapor-proofName Of Professional role 职务名称项目经理 project manager (PM)设计经理 design manager首席建筑师 principal architect总工程师 chief engineer土木工程师 civil engineer工艺工程师 process engineer电气工程师 electrical engineer机械工程师 mechanical engineer计划工程师 planning engineer助理工程师 assistant engineer实习生 probationer专家 specialist, expert制图员 draftsman技术员 technicianDrafting 制图总说明 general specification工程说明 project specification采用标准规范目录 list of standards and specification adopted 图纸目录 list of drawings平面图 plan局部放大图 detail with enlarged scale．．．平面示意图 schematic plan of...．．．平剖面图 sectional plan of...留孔平面图 plan of provision of holes剖面 section纵剖面 longitudinal section横剖面 cross (transverse) section立面 elevation正立面 front elevation透视图 perspective drawing侧立面 side elevation背立面 back elevation详图 detail drawings典型节点 typical detail节点号 detail No.首页 front page图纸目录及说明 list of contents and description 图例 legend示意图 diagram草图 sketch荷载简图 load diagram流程示意图 flow diagram标准图 standard drawing．．．布置图 layout of ...地形图 topographical map土方工程图 earth-work drawing展开图 developed drawing模板图 formwork drawing配筋 arrangement of reinforcement表格 tables工程进度表 working schedule技术经济指标 technical and economical index建、构筑物一览表 list of buildings and structures 编号 coding序列号 serial No.行和栏 rows and columns备注 remarks等级 grade直线 straight Line曲线 curves曲折线 zigzag line虚线 dotted line实线 solid line影线 hatching line点划线 dot and dash line轴线 axis等高线 contour Line中心线 center Line双曲线 hyperbola抛物线 parabola切线 tangent Line尺寸线 dimension Line园形 round环形 annular方形 square矩形 rectangle平行四边形 parallelogram三角形 triangle五角形 pentagon六角形 hexagon八角形 octagon梯形 trapezoid圆圈 circle弓形 sagment扇形 sector球形的 spherical抛物面 paraboloid圆锥形 cone椭圆形 ellipse, oblong面积 area体积 volume容量 capacity重量 weight质量 mass力 force米 meter厘米 centimeter毫米 millimeter公顷 hectate牛顿/平方米 Newton/square meter 千克/立方米 kilogram/cubic meter 英尺 foot英寸 inch磅 pound吨 ton加仑 gallon千磅 kip平均尺寸 average dimension变尺寸 variable dimension外形尺寸 overall dimension展开尺寸 developed dimension内径 inside diameter外径 outside diameter净重 net weight毛重 gross weight数量 quantity百分比 percentage净空 clearance净高 headroom净距 clear distance净跨 clear span截面尺寸 sectional dimension开间 bay进深 depth单跨 single span双跨 double span多跨 multi-span标高 elevation, level绝对标高 absolute elevation设计标高 designed elevation室外地面标高 ground elevation室内地面标高 floor elevation柱网 column grid坐标 coordinate厂区占地 site area使用面积 usable area辅助面积 service area通道面积 passage area管架 pipe rack管廊 pipeline gallery架空管线 overhead pipeline排水沟 drain ditch集水坑 sump pit喷泉 fountain地漏 floor drain消火栓 fire hydrant灭火器 fire extinguisher二氧化碳灭火器 carbon dioxide extinguisher 卤代烷灭火器 halon extinguisher。
建筑工程中英文对照
建筑工程中英文对照Investment and study are the most important things in life, and there is no better idea.建筑词典大全附中文详细解释 I第一节一般术语1. 工程结构 building and civil engineering structures房屋建筑和土木工程的建筑物、构筑物及其相关组成部分的总称.2. 工程结构设计 design of building and civil engineering structures在工程结构的可靠与经济、适用与美观之间,选择一种最佳的合理的平衡,使所建造的结构能满足各种预定功能要求.3. 房屋建筑工程 building engineering一般称建筑工程,为新建、改建或扩建房屋建筑物和附属构筑物所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体.4. 土木工程 civil engineering除房屋建筑外,为新建、改建或扩建各类工程的建筑物、构筑物和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体.5. 公路工程 highway engineering为新建或改建各级公路和相关配套设施等而进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体.6. 铁路工程 railway engineering为新建或改建铁路和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体.7. 港口与航道工程 port harbour and waterway engineering为新建或改建港口与航道和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体.8. 水利工程 hydraulic engineering为修建治理水患、开发利用水资源的各项建筑物、构筑物和相关配设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体.9. 水利发电工程水电工程 hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering以利用水能发电为主要任务的水利工程.10. 建筑物构筑物 construction works房屋建筑或土木工程中的单项工程实体.11. 结构 structure广义地指房屋建筑和土木工程的建筑物、构筑物及其相关组成部分的实体,狭义地指各种工程实体的承重骨架.12. 基础 foundation将建筑物、构筑物以及各种设施的上部结构所承受的各种作用和自重传递到地基的结构组成部分.13. 地基 foundation soil; subgrade; subbase; ground支承由基础传递或直接由上部结构传递的各种作用的土体或岩体.未经加工处理的称为天然地基.14. 木结构 timber structure以木材为主制作的结构15. 砌体结构 masonry structure以砌体为主制作的结构.它包括砖结构、石结构和其它材料的砌块结构.有无筋砌体结构和配筋砌体结构.16. 钢结构 steel structure以钢材为主制作的结构.其中由带钢或钢板经冷加工形成的型材所制作的结构称冷弯薄壁型钢结构.17. 混凝土砼结构 concrete structure以混凝土为主制作的结构.它包括素混凝土结构、钢筋混凝土结构和预应力混凝土结构等.18. 特种工程结构 special engineering structure指具有特种用途的建筑物、构筑物,如高耸结构,包括塔、烟囱、桅、海洋平台、容器、构架等各种结构.19. 房屋建筑 building在固定地点,为使用者或占用物提供庇护覆盖进行生活、生产或其它活动家的实体. 20. 工业建筑 industrial building提供生产用的各种建筑物,如车间、厂前区建筑、生活间、动力站、库房和运输设施等.21. 民用建筑 civil building; civil architecture指非生产性的居住建筑和公共建筑,如住宅、办公楼、幼儿园、学校、食堂、影剧院、商店、体育馆、旅馆、医院、展览馆等.22. 公路 highway联结城市和乡村,主要供汽车或其它车辆行驶并具备一定技术标准和设施的道路.23. 公路网 highway network一定区域内相互连络、交织成网状分布的公路系统.24. 高速公路 freeway具有四条或四条以上车道,设有中央分隔带,并具有完善的交通安全设施、管理设施和服务设施,为全立交、全封闭,专供汽车高速行驶的公路.25. 干线公路 arterial highway在公路网中起骨干作用的公路,分国家干线国道、省干线省道.26. 支线公路 feeder highway在公路网中起连接作用的一般公路,即县县道和乡乡道等公路.27. 铁路铁道 railway; railroad用机车牵引运货或运旅客的车厢组成列车,在一定轨距的轨道上行驶的交通运输线路.28. 标准轨距铁路 standard gauge railway在直线地段,轨距为1435mm的铁路.29. 宽轨距铁路 broad gauge railway在直线地段,轨距大于1435mm的铁路.30. 窄轨距铁路 narrow gauge railway在直线地段,轨距小于1435mm的铁路.31. 铁路枢纽 railway terminal在铁路网点或网端,由几个协同作业的车站、引入线路和联络路线组成的综合体. 32. 铁路车站 railway station设有各种用途的线路,并办理列车通过、到发、列车技术作业及客货运业务的分界点.33. 港口 port; harbour具有水陆联运条件和设施,供船舶安全进出和停泊以进行货物装卸作业或上下旅客以及军事用的交通运输枢纽.34. 港口水工建筑物 marine structure供港口正常生产作业的临水或水中建筑物.35. 通航过船建筑物 navigation structure; navigation construction在栏河闸、坝或急流卡口等所形成的水位集中落差处,为使船舶或排筏安全顺利地航驶而修建的水工建筑物.36. 灯塔 light house在海洋、江河和湖泊航线中,指引船舶安全行驶、识别方位并设有发光樗的塔形建筑物.37. 水利 water conservancy为控制或调整天然水在空间和时间上的分布,防治洪水和旱涝灾害,合理开发和利用水资源而进行的活动,如治河防洪,灌溉排水,水土保持,水力发电,内河航运与生活、工业、环境供水以及跨流域调水等.38. 水利枢纽 multipurpose hydraulic project; key water-control project; hydro-junction为治理水患和开发利用水资源,在各种水域的一定范围内修建的若干座作用不同而相互配合的水工建筑物组成的综合体.39. 水库 reservoir为治理河流和开发水资源,在狭谷或丘陵地带河流上建档水坝,利用天然地形构成的蓄水设施.40. 水工建筑物 hydraulic structure; marine structure; maritime construction为水利、水利发电、港口与航道等工程修建的承受水作用的各种建筑物总称.41. 档水建筑物 water retaining structure; retaining works栏截水流、调蓄流量、壅高水位的水工建筑物.42. 进水取水建筑物 intake structure人河流、湖泊、水库等引进水流、控制流量、阻拦泥沙及漂浮物的水工建筑物.43. 泄水建筑物 outlet structure; outlet works; sluice works在水利枢纽或输水系统中,宣泄水量的水工建筑物.44. 输水建筑物 conveyance structure向供水目标输送水量的水工建筑物.45. 整治建筑物 rcgulating structure; training structure rectification structure为整治河流、航道、具有调整河床边界、改变水流结构、影响泥沙运动、控制河床演变等作用的水工建筑物.46. 水电站 hydro-electric station; hydropower station由河河湖海的沙滩有变为电能的各种设备及配套构筑物组成的综合体.47. 水泵站抽水站、扬水站、提水站 pump station设置抽水装置及其辅助设备,将水送往高处的配套建筑物.48. 过木建筑物过木设施 raftpass facility log pass facility供输送竹、木材通过闸、坝等挡水建筑物的工程设施.49. 过钿建筑物过钽设施 fishpass facility供鱼类通过拦河闸坝等挡水建筑物的工程设施.50. 安全设施 safety device为保障人、车、行船的安全,在房屋、公路、铁路和港口、航道沿线所设置的地道、天桥、航标、灯塔、照明设备、防水设施、护栏、标柱、标志、标线等设施的总称.第二节房屋建筑结构术语1. 混合结构 mixed structure不同材料的构件或部件混合组成的结构.2. 板柱结构 slab-colume system由楼板和柱无梁组成承重体系的房屋结构,如升板结构、无梁楼盖结构、整体预应力板柱结构.3. 框架结构 frame structure由梁柱组成的能承受竖向、水平作用所产生各种效应的单层、多层或高层结构.4. 拱结构 arch structure由拱作为承承重体系的结构.5. 折板结构 folded-plate structure由多块条形或其它外形的平板组合而成,能作承重、围护用的薄壁空间结构.6. 壳体结构 shell structure由各种形状的曲面板与边缘构件梁、拱、桁架组成的大跨度覆盖或围护的空间结构. 7. 风架结构 space truss structure由多根杆件按一定网格形式通过节点连接而成的大跨度覆盖的空间结构.8. 悬索结构 cable-suspended structure由柔性受拉索及其边缘构件所组成的承重结构.9. 充气结构 pneumatic structure在以高分子材料制成的薄膜制品中充入空气后而形成房屋的结构.分气承式和气管式两种结构形式.10. 剪力墙结构墙结构 shear wall structure在高层和多层建筑中,竖向和水平作用均由钢筋混凝土或预应力混凝土墙体承受的结构.11. 框架-剪力墙结构 frame-shear wall structure在高层建筑或工业厂房中,剪力墙和框架共同承受竖向和水平作用的一种组合型结构.12. 筒体结构 tube structure由竖向箱形截面悬臂筒体组成的结构.筒体有剪力墙围成竖向箱形截面的薄壁筒和密柱框架组成竖向箱形截面的框筒.筒体由一个或多个组成；分筒中筒、单框筒、框架-薄壁筒和成束筒等四类.13. 悬挂结构 suspended structure将楼屋面系统的荷载通过吊杆传递到悬挂的水平桁架梁,再由悬挂的水平桁架梁传递到被悬挂的井筒上直至基础的结构.14. 高耸结构 high-rise structure高度大,水平横向向剖面相对小,并以水平荷载控制设计的结构.分自立式塔式结构和拉线式桅式结构两大类,如水塔、烟囱、电视塔、监测塔等.第三节公路路线和铁路线路术语1. 公路路线 highway公路中线的空间位置.2. 公路线形 highway alignment公路中线的立体形状,由若干直线段和曲线段连接而成.3. 平面线形 horizontal alignment公路中线在水平面上投影形状4. 纵面线形 vertical alignment公路中心在纵剖面上的投影形式.5. 公路选线 route selection根据自然条件、公路使用性质和技术标准,结合地形、地质条件,考虑安全、环境、土地利用和施工条件以及社会经济效益等各种因素,通过比较,选择路线走向及其控制位置的全过程.6. 公路定线 route location根据规定的技术标准和路线方案,结合技术经济条件,从平面、纵断面、横断面综合考虑,具体定出路线中心线的工作.7. 平面线 horizontal curve在平面线形中,路线转向处曲线的总称,包括圆曲线和缓和曲线8. 竖曲线 vertical curve在公路纵坡的变坡处设置的竖向曲线.9. 变坡点 grade change point路线纵断面上两相邻不同坡度线的相交点.10. 路线交叉 route intersection两条或两条以上公路的交会.11. 铁路线路 permanent way包括机车和车厢组成列车行驶的通路、轨道及支承轨道的中期、桥梁、涵洞、隧道及其它建筑物的总称.12. 铁路选线 railway location在已确定的铁路起点,经过地点和终点之间,根据国家经济发展规划、自然条件和运输任务,结合铁路动力设备,并按照列车运行规律与经济原则,选择铁路新路线和改进已有路线的最佳方案.13. 铁路定线 location对选线确定的线路进行勘测后,按照规范的技术规定,在线路地形图上,进行线路的平面和纵断面设计和布置车站、桥涵等建筑物的工作.14. 正线 main line连接并贯穿或直股伸入铁路车站的线路.只有一条正线的线路称为单线,有二条正线的线路称为双线.15. 站线 sidings铁路车站管理的线路中,除正线以外各种线路的统称,如列车到发线、调车线、货物装卸线等.16. 最小曲线半径 minimum radius of curve在全线或某一地段内规定的圆曲线最小半径.17. 坡段 grade section两相邻变坡点间的长度 .18. 最大坡度 maximum grade一条线路上容许的最大设计坡度.19. 平面交叉 grade crossing铁路和铁路,铁路和公路称道口,公路和公路在同一平面上的交叉.20. 立体交叉 grade separation铁路和铁路,铁路和公路,公路和公路在不同高程上的交叉.第四节桥、涵洞和隧道术语1. 桥 bridge为公路、铁路、城市道路、管线、行人等跨越河流、山谷、道路等天然或人工障碍而建造的架空建筑物.2. 简支梁桥 simple supported girder bridge以简支梁作为桥跨结构的主要承重构件的梁式桥.3. 连续梁桥 continuous girder bridge以成列的连续梁作为桥跨结构主要承重构件的梁式桥.4. 悬臂梁桥 cantilever girder bridge以悬臂作为桥跨结构主要承重构件的梁式桥.5. 斜拉斜张桥 cable stayed bridge以斜拉斜张索连接索塔和主梁作为桥跨结构主要承重构件的桥.6. 悬索吊桥 suspension bridge以通过两索塔悬垂并锚固于两岸或桥两端的缆索或钢链作为桥跨结构主要承重构件的桥.7. 桁架桥 trussed bridge以桁架作为桥跨结构主要承重构件的桥,有桁架梁桥、桁架拱桥等.8．框架桥 frame bridge桥跨结构为整体箱形框架的桥.9．刚构刚架桥 rigid frame bridge桥跨结构与桥墩台刚性连接的桥,有连续、斜腿刚构桥等.10．拱桥 arch bridge以拱圈或拱肋作为桥跨结构主要承重构件的桥,有双曲、箱形拱桥等.11．漫水桥 submersible bridge容许洪水漫过桥面的桥.12．浮桥 pontoon bridge上部结构架高参水中浮动支承如船、筏、浮箱等上的桥.13．正交桥 right bridge桥的纵轴线与其跨越的河流流向或公路、铁路等路线轴向相垂直的桥.14．斜交桥 skew bridge桥的纵轴线怀其跨越的河流流向或公路、铁路等路线轴向不相垂直的桥15．跨线立交桥 grade separated bridge; overpass bridge跨越公路、铁路或城市道路等交通线路和桥.16．高架桥 viaduct代替高路堤跨越深谷、洼地或人工设施的桥.17．正主桥 main span跨越河道主槽部分或深谷、人工设施主要部分的桥.18．引桥 approach span连接路堤和正主桥的桥.19．弯桥 curved bridge桥面中心线在平面上为曲线的桥,有主梁为直线而桥面为曲线和主梁与桥面均为曲线两种情况.20．坡桥 Ramp bridge设置在纵坡路段上的桥.21．公路铁路两用桥 combined bridge; highway and railway transit bridge可供汽车和火车分道分层或并列行驶的桥.22．开合桥 movable bridge桥跨结构中具有可以提升、平旋或立旋开合的桥.23．单线桥 single-track bridge铺设一条铁路线路的桥.24．双线桥 double-track bridge铺设两条铁路线路的桥.25．桥跨结构上部结构 bridge superstructure桥的支承部分以上或拱桥起拱线以上跨越桥引的结构.26．桥面系 bridge floor system为提供列车、车辆、人群通过而设置桥面所需要的结构系统.27．桥支座 bridge bearing; bridge support支承桥跨结构,并将其荷载传给桥墩、桥台的构件.28．桥下部结构 bridge substructure为桥如、桥墩及桥梁基础的总称,用以支承桥梁上部结构将上部荷载传递给地基. 29．索塔桥塔 bridge tower支承悬索桥或斜张桥的主索并将荷载直接传给地基的塔形构筑物.30．桥台 abutment位于桥的两端与中基相衔接,并将桥上荷载传递到基础,又承受台后填土压力的构筑物. 31．桥墩 pier支承两相邻桥跨结构,并将其荷载传给地基的构筑物.32．涵洞 culvert横贯并埋设在路基或河堤中用以输水、排水或作为通道的构筑物.33．隧道洞 tunnel在道路、铁路及输水、泄水线路上,遇天然障碍时,穿越地层内部的地下或水底通道. 34．隧道洞口洞门 tunnel portal为保持洞口上方及两侧边坡的稳定,在隧道洞口修筑的墙式建筑物.35．隧道洞围岩 tunnel surrounding rock隧道洞周围一定范围内,对洞身的稳定产生影响的岩土体.36．隧道洞衬砌 tunnel lining为保证围岩稳定,防止隧道围崦变形或坍塌,并保持隧洞断面尺寸大小或使洞口内有良好水流条件,沿隧道洞身周边修筑的永久性支护结构层.第五节水工期建筑物术语1．坝 dam阻拦或拦蓄水充、壅高或调节上游水位的挡水建筑物.顶部不泄水的称非溢流坝,顶部泄水的称溢流坝.2．坝轴线 dam axis代表坝位置的一条横贯河谷的线.3．重力坝 gravity dam主要依靠自身重力,抵抗壅水作用于坝体的推力以保持稳定的坝.4．拱坝 arch dam平面呈拱向上游的曲线形坝,主要依靠拱的作用将壅水作用于坝体的推力传至两岸,以保持稳定的坝.5．支墩坝 buttress dam由一系列支墩和其上游挡水结构组成的坝6．土石坝 earth-rock dam; embankment dam用土、砂、砂砾石、卵石、块石、风化岩等材料经碾压或填筑建成的坝.7．混凝土坝 concrete dam用混凝土筑成的坝.8．橡胶坝 rubber dam; flexible dam; fabric dam锚着于底板上,以聚酯或橡胶为基质合成纤维织物形成袋囊,经充水气后形成的坝. 9．丁坝 spur dike; groin一端接河岸,一端伸向整治线,在平面上形成丁字形,坝轴线与流向交角分上挑、下挑或正挑的横向整治建筑物.10．顺坝 training dike一端接河岸,一端向下游延伸,坝轴线与流向平行或成一锐角,引导水流的纵向整建筑物. 11．溢洪道 spillway从水库向下游泄放超过水库调蓄能力的洪水,以保证工程安全的泄水建筑物.12．堰溢流堰 weir在顶部溢流的挡水、泄水建筑物.13．围堰 coffer dam用于水下施工的临时性挡水设施.14．水工隧洞 hydraulic tunnel在山体中或地面以下开挖的,具有封闭形断面和一定长度的过水建筑物.15．深式进水口 deep water intake人水库水面下一定深度处引水的水工隧洞或坝下埋管的首部建筑物.16．堤坝式水电站 dam type hydropower station用筑坝集中河段落差,形成发电淼砂的水电站.17．引水引水道式水电站 diversion conduit type hydropower staion利用引水道集中河段落差,形成必电水头的水电站.18．潮汐电站 tidal power station建于港湾入口处,利用海洋潮汐的动能转烃为电能的水电站.19．抽水蓄能电站 pumped storage power station具有抽水蓄能及发电两种功能的水电站.20．水电站厂房 powerhouse of hydropower station水电站中装置水轮发电机组及其辅助设备并为其安装、检修、运行及管理服务的建筑物,分河床式、坝后式、坝内式厂房或建在地面下的地下厂房21．前池 forebay设置在引水渠道末端及压力管道进口前的水池22．压力管道 pressure nconduit承受内水压力的封闭式输水管道.23．调压室 surge chamber设置在水电站较长的有压水疲乏中,使水流具有自由水面以减小水锤压力的贮水调压设施.24．尾水渠 tailrace尾水管与下游河槽之间输送发电尾水的渠道.25．船闸 navigation lock供船舶在水位集中落差处通航的一种箱形建筑物.26．升船机 shi lift; ship elevator在通航水道上有水位集中落差的地区,用机械或水力方法驱动升隆船舶,使船舶在水位落差处通过拦河坝的一种过船建筑物.27．水闸 sluice; barrage利用闸门控制流量、调节水位,既可挡水,又可泄水的建筑物.28．渠道 caual在地面上人工建造的开敞式输水通道.29．渡槽 aqueduct; bridged flume跨越洼地、道路、水道等衔接渠道的桥式建筑物.30．陡坡 chute以大于临界坡的底坡连接高、低渠道的开敞式过水建筑物.31．跌水 drop以集中跌落方式连接高、低渠道的开敞式或封闭式建筑物.32．坝内廊道系统 gallery system设在坝体内相互连通,并有进出口通向坝外的纵向、横向及竖向通道系统,具有灌浆、排水、检查、交通等多种功用.33．消能防冲设施 energy dissipating and anti-scour facility位于泄水建筑物下游侧,用以消减水流动能,并保护河底免受冲刷的结构设施.34．防渗设施 seepage control facility为防止和减少通过建筑物或地基渗流的设施35．排水设施 drainage facility排邮建筑物及地基中渗流的设施.36. 反滤设施倒滤设施 reverse filter为防止渗流导致土粒流失,而在渗流逸出外沿渗流方向按砂石材料颗粒粒径、土工织物纪隙尺寸,以逐渐增大的原则,分层填铺的滤水设施.37．水轮泵站 turbine-pump station利用水轮泵提水的泵站.38．水锤泵站 ram station利用水锤泵提水的泵站.39．坝下埋管 under dam culvert埋设在土石坝坝底,并在进口处设控制闸门的输水管道或洞40．沉消池 silting basin沉淀和清除水中部分泥沙的池.41．堤 dike; levee沿江、河、湖、海分洪区岸边修筑的挡水建筑物.42．防波堤 breakwater; mole防御风浪侵袭港口水域,保证港内水域平稳的水工建筑物.43．码头 wharf; quay供船舶停靠、装卸货物、上下旅客用的水工建筑物.44．斜坡码头 sloped wharf岩边断面呈斜坡状,设有固定坡道,并在坡道前端有趸船的徘船码头.45．墩式码头 dolphin wharf由靠船墩及工作平台、引桥等组成的靠船码头,主要型式有重力式墩式码头和高桩墩式码头.46．重力式码头 gravity quay-wall以结构本身和填料的重力保持稳定的靠船码头,主要型式有方块、沉箱及扶壁式等. 47．板桩码头 sheet-pile quay-wall由板桩、帽梁或胸墙、导梁和锚碇结构等所组成的靠船码头.48．高桩码头 open pier on piles; high-pile wharf主要是由部分桩身露出地面的桩和桩台组成的高桩承台式靠船码头.其特点是通过桩台将施加在码头上的荷载由桩传递到地基.49．浮趸船码头 floating pier; pontoon wharf由随水位涨落而升隆的趸船、支撑设施、引桥及护岸等组成的靠船码头.50．船坞 dock用于建造或检修航船的水工建筑物.由坞首、坞门、坞室、灌泄系统、拖系缆设备、动力和公用设施以及其它附属设备等组成,主要型式有干船坞和浮船坞.51．船台 ship-building berth在船舶上墩、下水构筑物中专门为修、造船舶有物场地.有露天船台、开敞船台和室内船台三种.52．滑道 slipway船舶上墩、下水用的轨道.第六节结构构件和部件术语1．构件 member组成结构的单元.2．部件 component; assembly parts结构中由若干构件组成的组合件,如楼梯、阳台、楼盖等.3．截面 section设计时所考虑的结构构件与某一平面的交面.当该交面与结构构件的纵向轴线或中面正交时的面称正截面,斜交时的面称斜截面.4．梁 beam; girder一种由支座支承的直线或曲线形构件.它主要承受各种作用产生的弯矩和剪力,有时也承受扭矩.5．拱 arch一种由支座支承的曲线或折线形构件.它主要承受各种作用产生的轴向压力,有时也承受弯矩、剪力,或扭矩.6．板 slab; plate一种由支座支承的平面尺寸大,而厚度相对较小的平面构件.它主要承受各种作用产生的弯矩和剪力.7．壳 shell一种曲面构件,它主要承受各种作用产生的中面内的力,有时也承受弯矩、剪力或扭矩. 8．柱 column一咱竖向直线构件.它主要承受各咱作用产生的轴向压力,有时也承受弯矩、剪力或扭矩. 9．墙 wall一种竖向平面或曲面构件.它主要承受各咱作用产生的中面内的力,有时也承受中面外的弯矩和剪力.10．桁架 truss由若干杆件构成的一种平面或空间的格架式结构或构件.各杆件主要承受各种作用产生的轴赂力,有时也承受节点弯矩和剪力.11．框架 frame由梁和柱连接而构成的一种平面或空间,单层或多层的结构.12．排架 bent frame由梁或桁架和柱铰接而成的单层框架.13．刚架刚构 rigid frame由梁和柱刚接而构成的框架.14．简支梁 simply supported beam梁搁置在两端支座上,其一端为轴向有约束的铰支座,另一端为能轴向滚动的支座. 15．悬臂梁 cantilever beam梁的一端为不产生轴向、垂直位移和转动的固定支座,另一端为自由端.16．两端固定梁 beam fixed at both ends梁的两端均为不产生轴向、垂直位移和转动的固定支座.17．连续梁 continuous beam具有三个或三个以上支座的梁.18．叠合梁 superposed beam截面由同一材料若干部分重叠而成为整体的梁.19．桩 pile沉入、打入或浇注于地基中的柱状支承构件,如木桩、钢桩、混凝土桩等.20．板桩 sheet pile全部或部分打入地基中,横截面为长方板形的支承构件,如钢板桩、钢筋混凝土板桩. 21．路面 pavement用筑路材料铺筑在公路路基上面,供车辆行驶的结构层,括面层含磨耗层、基层和垫层. 22．行车道 carriageway公路上代各咱车辆行驶部分的总称,包括快车行车道和慢行车道.23．变速车道 speed-change lane高等级公路上的加速度车道和减速车道的总称.。
(完整版)建筑专业词汇中英对照(精心整理版)
1DESIGN BASIS 设计依据计划建议书planning proposals设计任务书design order标准规范standards and codes条件图information drawing设计基础资料basic data for design工艺流程图process flowchart工程地质资料engineering geological data 原始资料original data设计进度schedule of design2STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段方案scheme, draft草图sketch会谈纪要summary of discussion谈判negotiation可行性研究feasibility study初步设计preliminary design基础设计basic design 详细设计detail design询价图enquiry drawing施工图working drawing, construction drawing竣工图as built drawing3CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件日照sunshine风玫瑰wind rose主导风向prevailing wind direction最大(平均)风速maximum (mean) wind velocity风荷载wind load最大(平均)降雨量maximum (mean) rainfall雷击及闪电thunder and lightning飓风hurricane台风typhoon旋风cyclone降雨强度rainfall intensity年降雨量annual rainfall湿球温度wet bulb temperature干球温度dry bulb temperature冰冻期frost period冰冻线frost line冰冻区frost zone室外计算温度calculating outdoor temperature采暖地区region with heating provision不采暖地区region without heating provision绝对大气压absolute atmospheric pressure相对湿度relative humidity4GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间办公室office服务用房service room换班室shift room休息室rest room (break room)起居室living room浴室bathroom淋浴间shower更衣室locker room厕所lavatory门厅lobby诊室clinic工作间workshop电气开关室switchroom走廊corridor档案室archive电梯机房lift motor room车库garage清洁间cleaning room会议室(正式) conference room 会议室meeting room衣柜间ward robe暖风间H.V.A.C room饭店restaurant餐厅canteen, dining room厨房kitchen入口entrance接待处reception area会计室accountant room秘书室secretary room电气室electrical room控制室control room工长室foreman office开关柜室switch gear 前室antecabinet (Ante.)生产区production area马达控制中心Mcc多功能用房utility room化验室laboratory room经理室manager room披屋(阁楼) penthouse警卫室guard house5ROOFING AND CEILING 屋面及天棚女儿墙parapet雨蓬canopy屋脊roof ridge坡度slope坡跨比pitch分水线water-shed二毡三油2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic附加油毡一层extra ply of felt檐口eave挑檐overhanging eave檐沟eave gutter平屋面flat roof坡屋面pitched roof雨水管downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W.P)汇水面积catchment area泛水flashing内排水interior drainage外排水exterior drainage滴水drip屋面排水roof drainage找平层leveling course卷材屋面built-up roofing天棚ceiling檩条purlin屋面板roofing board天花板ceiling board防水层water-proof course检查孔inspection hole人孔manhole吊顶suspended ceiling, false ceiling檐板(窗帘盒) cornice6WALL (CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板) 砖墙brick wall砌块墙block wall清水砖墙brick wall without plastering抹灰墙rendered wall石膏板墙gypsum board, plaster board空心砖墙hollow brick wall承重墙bearing wall非承重墙non-bearing wall纵墙longitudinal wall横墙transverse wall外墙external (exterior) wall内墙internal (interior) wall填充墙filler wall防火墙fire wall窗间墙wall between window空心墙cavity wall压顶coping圈梁gird, girt, girth玻璃隔断glazed wall 防潮层damp-proof course (D.P.C)遮阳板sunshade阳台balcony伸缩缝expansion joint沉降缝settlement joint抗震缝seismic joint复合夹心板sandwich board压型单板corrugated single steel plate外墙板cladding panel复合板composite panel轻质隔断light-weight partition牛腿bracket砖烟囱brick chimney勒脚(基座) plinth7FLOOR AND TRENCH 地面及地沟地坪grade地面和楼面ground and floor素土夯实rammed earth炉渣夯实tamped cinder填土filled earth回填土夯实tamped backfill垫层bedding course, blinding面层covering, finish结合层bonding (binding) course找平层leveling course素水泥浆结合层neat cement binding course混凝土地面concrete floor水泥地面cement floor机器磨平混凝土地面machine trowelled concretefloor水磨石地面terrazzo flooring马赛克地面mosaic flooring瓷砖地面ceramic tile flooring油地毡地面linoleum flooring预制水磨石地面precast terrazzo flooring硬木花地面hard-wood parquet flooring搁栅joist硬木毛地面hard-wood rough flooring企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring防酸地面acid-resistant floor钢筋混凝土楼板reinforced concrete slab (R.CSlab)乙烯基地面vinyl flooring水磨石嵌条divider strip for terrazzo 地面做2％坡floor with 2% slope集水沟gully集水口gulley排水沟drainage trench沟盖板trench cover活动盖板removable cover plate集水坑sump pit孔翻边hole up stand电缆沟cable trench8DOORS//WINDOWS门窗木(钢)门wooden (steel) door镶板门panelled door夹板门plywood door铝合金门aluminum alloy door卷帘门roller shutter door弹簧门swing door推拉门sliding door 平开门side-hung door折叠门folding door旋转门revolving door玻璃门glazed door密闭门air-Tight door保温门thermal insulating door镀锌铁丝网门galvanized steel wire mesh door防火门fire door(大门上的)小门wicket门框door frame门扇door leaf门洞door opening结构开洞structural opening单扇门single door双扇门double door疏散门emergency door纱门screen door门槛door sill门过梁door lintel上冒头top rail下冒头bottom rail门边木stile门樘侧料side jumb槽口notch木窗wooden window钢窗steel window铝合金窗aluminum alloy window百叶窗(通风为主) sun-bind, louver (louver,shutter, blind)塑钢窗plastic steel window空腹钢窗hollow steel window固定窗fixed window平开窗side-hung window推拉窗sliding window气窗transom上悬窗top-hung window中悬窗center-pivoted window下悬窗hopper window活动百叶窗adjustable louver天窗skylight老虎窗dormer window密封双层玻璃sealed double glazing钢筋混凝土过梁reinforced concrete lintel 钢筋砖过梁reinforced brick lintel窗扇casement sash窗台window sill窗台板window board窗中梃mullion窗横木mutin窗边木stile压缝条cover mould窗帘盒curtain box合页(铰链) hinge (butts)转轴pivot长脚铰链parliament hinge闭门器door closer地弹簧floor closer插销bolt门锁door lock拉手pull链条chain门钩door hanger碰球ball latch 窗钩window catch暗插销insert bolt电动开关器electric opener平板玻璃plate glass夹丝玻璃wire glass透明玻璃clear glass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃) ground glass (frosted glass)防弹玻璃bullet-proof glass石英玻璃quartz glass吸热玻璃heat absorbing glass磨光玻璃polished glass着色玻璃pigmented glass玻璃瓦glass tile玻璃砖glass block有机玻璃organic glass9STAIR/LIFT (ELEVATOR) 楼梯、电梯楼梯stair楼梯间staircase疏散梯emergency stair旋转梯spiral stair (circular stair)吊车梯crane ladder直爬梯vertical ladder踏步step扇形踏步winder (wheel step)踏步板tread档步板riser踏步宽度tread width防滑条non-slip insert (strips)栏杆railing (balustrade)平台栏杆platform railing吊装孔栏杆railing around mounting hole扶手handrail梯段高度height of flight防护梯笼protecting cage (safety cage)平台landing (platform)操作平台operating platform装卸平台platform for loading & unloading楼梯平台stair landing客梯passenger lift货梯goods lift客/货两用梯goods/passenger lift液压电梯hydraulic lift自动扶梯escalator观光电梯observation elevator电梯机房lift mortar room电梯坑lift pit电梯井道lift shaft10BUILDING MATERIAL建筑材料10.1Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦红砖red brick粘土砖clay brick瓷砖glazed brick (ceramic tile)防火砖fire brick空心砖hollow brick面砖facing brick地板砖flooring tile缸砖clinkery brick马赛克mosaic陶粒混凝土ceramsite concrete琉璃瓦glazed tile 脊瓦ridge tile石棉瓦asbestos tile (shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦corrugated asbestos cementsheet10.2Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石石膏gypsum大理石marble汉白玉white marble花岗岩granite碎石crushed stone毛石rubble蛭石vermiculite珍珠岩pearlite水磨石terrazzo卵石cobble砾石gravel粗砂course sand中砂medium sand细砂fine sand10.3Cement/Mortar/Concrete 水泥、砂浆、混凝土波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥) Portland cement硅酸盐水泥silicate cement火山灰水泥pozzolana cement白水泥white cement水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆lime mortar水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆) cement-lime mortar保温砂浆thermal mortar防水砂浆water-proof mortar耐酸砂浆acid-resistant mortar耐碱砂浆alkaline-resistant mortar沥青砂浆bituminous mortar纸筋灰paper strip mixed lime mortar麻刀灰hemp cut lime mortar灰缝mortar joint素混凝土plain concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete轻质混凝土lightweight concrete细石混凝土fine aggregate concrete沥青混凝土asphalt concrete泡沫混凝土foamed concrete炉渣混凝土cinder concrete10.4Facing/Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料水刷石granitic plaster斩假石artificial stone刷浆lime wash可赛银casein大白浆white wash麻刀灰打底hemp cuts and lime as base喷大白浆两道sprayed twice with white wash分格抹水泥砂浆cement mortar plaster sectioned 板条抹灰lath and plaster10.5Asphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉沥青卷材asphalt felt沥青填料asphalt filler沥青胶泥asphalt grout冷底子油adhesive bitumen primer沥青玛啼脂asphaltic mastic沥青麻丝bitumastic oakum石棉板asbestos sheet石棉纤维asbestos fiberTimber 木材裂缝crack 透裂split环裂shake干缩shrinkage翘曲warping原木log圆木round timber方木square timber板材plank木条batten板条lath木板board红松red pine白松white pine落叶松deciduous pine云杉spruce柏木cypress白杨white poplar桦木birch冷杉fir栎木oak榴木willow榆木elm杉木cedar柚木teak樟木camphor wood防腐处理的木材preservative-treated lumber胶合板plywood三(五)合板3(5)-plywood企口板tongued and grooved board层夹板laminated plank胶合层夹木材glue-laminated lumber纤维板fiber-board竹子bamboo10.6Metallic Materials 金属材料黑色金属ferrous metal圆钢steelbBar方钢square steel扁钢steel strap,flat steel型钢steel section (shape)槽钢channel角钢angle steel等边角钢equal-leg angle不等边角钢unequal-leg angle工字钢I-beam宽翼缘工字钢wide flange I-beam丁( 之)字钢T-bar (Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢light gauge cold-formed steel shape热轧hot-rolled冷轧cold-rolled冷拉cold-drawn冷压cold-pressed合金钢alloy steel钛合金titanium alloy不锈钢stainless steel竹节钢筋corrugated steel bar变形钢筋deformed bar光圆钢筋plain round bar钢板steel plate薄钢板thin steel plate低碳钢low carbon steel冷弯cold bending钢管steel pipe (tube) 无缝钢管seamless steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe黑铁管iron pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe铸铁cast iron生铁pig iron熟铁wrought iron镀锌铁皮galvanized steel sheet镀锌铁丝galvanized steel wire钢丝网steel wire mesh多孔金属网expanded metal锰钢managanese steel高强度合金钢high strength alloy steel10.7Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属金gold白金platinum铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze银silver铝aluminum铅lead10.8Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料聚乙烯polythene, polyethylene尼龙nylon聚氯乙烯PVC (polyvinyl chloride)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate聚苯乙烯polystyrene丙烯酸树酯acrylic resin乙烯基酯vinyl ester橡胶内衬rubber lining氯丁橡胶neoprene沥青漆bitumen paint环氧树脂漆epoxy resin paint氧化锌底漆zinc oxide primer防锈漆anti-rust paint耐酸漆acid-resistant paint耐碱漆alkali-resistant paint水玻璃sodium silicate树脂砂浆resin-bonded mortar环氧树脂epoxy resin10.9Building Hardware 建筑五金钉子nails螺纹屋面钉spiral-threaded roofing nail环纹石膏板钉annular-ring gypsum board nail 螺丝screws平头螺丝flat-head screw螺栓bolt普通螺栓commercial bolt高强螺栓high strength bolt预埋螺栓insert bolt胀锚螺栓cinch bolt垫片washer10.10Paint 油漆底漆primer防锈底漆rust-inhibitive primer防腐漆anti-corrosion paint调和漆mixed paint无光漆flat paint透明漆varnish银粉漆aluminum paint磁漆enamel paint 干性油drying oil稀释剂thinner焦油tar沥青漆asphalt paint桐油tung oil, Chinese wood oil红丹red lead铅油lead oil腻子putty11OTHER其它建筑术语11.1Discipline 专业建筑architecture土木civil给排水water supply and drainage总图plot plan采暖通风H.V.A.C电力供应electric power supply电气照明electric lighting电讯telecommunication仪表instrument热力供应heat power supply动力mechanical power工艺process technology管道piping11.2Conventional Terms 一般通用名词建筑原理architectonics建筑形式architectural style民用建筑civil architecture城市建筑urban architecture农村建筑rural architecture农业建筑farm building工业建筑industrial building重工业的heavy industrial轻工业的light industrial古代建筑ancient architecture现代建筑modern architecture标准化建筑standardized buildings附属建筑auxiliary buildings城市规划city planning厂区内within site厂区外offsite封闭式closed type开敞式open type半开敞式semi-open type模数制modular system单位造价unit cost概算preliminary estimate承包商constructor, contractor 现场site扩建extension改建reconstruction防火fire-prevention防震aseismatic, quake-proof 防腐anti-corrosion防潮dump-proof防水water-proof防尘dust-proof防锈rust-proof车流量traffic volume货流量freight traffic volume 人流量pedestrian volume透视图perspective drawing 建筑模型building model11.3Architectural Physics 建筑物理照明illumination照度degree of illumination亮度brightness日照sunshine天然采光natural lighting光强light intensity侧光side light顶光top light眩光glaze方位角azimuth辐射radiation对流convection传导conduction遮阳sun-shade保温thermal insulation恒温constant temperature恒湿constant humidity噪音noise隔音sound-proof吸音sound absorption露点dew point隔汽vapor-proof11.4Name Of Professional role 职务名称项目经理project manager (PM)设计经理design manager首席建筑师principal architect总工程师chief engineer土木工程师civil engineer工艺工程师process engineer电气工程师electrical engineer机械工程师mechanical engineer计划工程师planning engineer助理工程师assistant engineer实习生probationer专家specialist, expert制图员draftsman技术员technician11.5Drafting 制图总说明general specification工程说明project specification采用标准规范目录list of standards and specification adopted图纸目录list of drawings平面图plan局部放大图detail with enlarged scale．．．平面示意图schematic plan of...．．．平剖面图sectional plan of...留孔平面图plan of provision of holes剖面section纵剖面longitudinal section横剖面cross (transverse) section立面elevation正立面front elevation透视图perspective drawing侧立面side elevation背立面back elevation详图detail drawings典型节点typical detail节点号detail No.首页front page图纸目录及说明list of contents and description 图例legend示意图diagram草图sketch荷载简图load diagram流程示意图flow diagram标准图standard drawing．．．布置图layout of ...地形图topographical map土方工程图earth-work drawing展开图developed drawing模板图formwork drawing配筋arrangement of reinforcement表格tables工程进度表working schedule技术经济指标technical and economical index建、构筑物一览表list of buildings and structures编号coding序列号serial No.行和栏rows and columns备注remarks等级grade直线straight Line曲线curves曲折线zigzag line虚线dotted line实线solid line影线hatching line点划线dot and dash line轴线axis等高线contour Line中心线center Line双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola切线tangent Line尺寸线dimension Line园形round环形annular方形square矩形rectangle平行四边形parallelogram三角形triangle五角形pentagon六角形hexagon八角形octagon梯形trapezoid圆圈circle弓形sagment扇形sector球形的spherical抛物面paraboloid圆锥形cone椭圆形ellipse, oblong面积area体积volume容量capacity重量weight质量mass力force米meter厘米centimeter毫米millimeter公顷hectate牛顿/平方米Newton/square meter 千克/立方米kilogram/cubic meter英尺foot英寸inch磅pound吨ton加仑gallon千磅kip平均尺寸average dimension变尺寸variable dimension外形尺寸overall dimension展开尺寸developed dimension内径inside diameter外径outside diameter净重net weight毛重gross weight数量quantity百分比percentage净空clearance净高headroom净距clear distance净跨clear span截面尺寸sectional dimension开间bay进深depth单跨single span双跨double span多跨multi-span标高elevation, level绝对标高absolute elevation设计标高designed elevation室外地面标高ground elevation室内地面标高floor elevation柱网column grid坐标coordinate厂区占地site area使用面积usable area辅助面积service area通道面积passage area管架pipe rack管廊pipeline gallery架空管线overhead pipeline排水沟drain ditch集水坑sump pit喷泉fountain地漏floor drain消火栓fire hydrant灭火器fire extinguisher二氧化碳灭火器carbon dioxide extinguisher 卤代烷灭火器halon extinguisher。
(完整word版)建筑术语中英文对照
建筑术语中英文对照建筑 build; architecture; construct; architectural; architectural & industrial ceramics建筑安装工程量 construction work quantity建筑板材 building board建筑材料表 list of building materials建筑材料检验 building material testing建筑材料行 building material dealer建筑材料运输列车 construction train建筑草图 architectural sketch建筑朝向 building orientation建筑成本预算 construction cost estimate建筑承包商 building contractor建筑尺度 architectural scale建筑处理 architectural treatment建筑创作 architectural creation建筑大五金 architectural metalwork建筑大样 architectural detail建筑单元 building unit建筑费 construction cost建筑风格 architectural style建筑辅助系统 building subsystem建筑钢 construction(al) steel建筑钢板 building sheet建筑高度 building height; height of building建筑高度分区 building height zoning; height zoning建筑工程升降机 builder's lift建筑工地选择 siting建筑工羊角锤头 builder's claw hammer head建筑工业 building industry; construction industry建筑工种 building trades建筑构思 architectural conception建筑构图 compostion on architecture; architectural composition 建筑构造 building construction建筑估价 building cost estimate建筑管理 architectural control建筑规程 building regulations建筑规范 building code建筑机械 construction machinery; building machinery建筑及维护规则 recommendation建筑结构 building structure建筑结构分析语言 structural engineering system solver (STRESS) 建筑立面 elevation of building; building elevation建筑沥青 bitumen for building; building asphalt No. 10建筑力学 architectural mechanics建筑铝型材生产线 architectural aluminium profile production line 建筑毛面积 gross floor area建筑毛造价 gross building cost建筑面积 area of structure; covered area建筑面积比 floor-area ratio (F.A.R.)建筑面积指标 floor-space index (F.S.I.)建筑模数 building module建筑配景 entourage of building建筑平面 architectural plane; building plane建筑起重机 building crane; construction-site crane建筑砌块 building block建筑气候分区 climate region of building建筑青铜 architectural bronze建筑青铜合金 architectural bronze建筑声学 architectural acoustics建筑石 paring stone建筑石料 building stone建筑时期观念 construction period concept建筑史 architectural history; history of architecture 建筑收进线 building setback line建筑陶板 architectural terra-cotta (ATC)建筑陶瓷 architectural pottery建筑特色 architectural feature建筑体积 architectural volume; cubage建筑体积计算 cubing建筑体系 building system建筑体形 building size建筑透视 architectural perspective建筑外壳 building shell建筑外形 architectural appearance建筑物 building; structure建筑物保险 building insurance建筑物朝向 direction of building建筑物基础 building foundation建筑物间距 distance between buildings建筑物理 architectural physics; building physics建筑物缺隐 building deficiency建筑物入口 building entrance建筑物租约 building lease建筑现场 construction建筑限制 building restriction建筑限制线 building restiction line建筑效果 architectural effect建筑型钢轧机机座 structural stand建筑型式 type of construction; architectural form建筑遗产 architectural heritage建筑艺术 architectural art建筑艺术处理 artistic treatment in architecture; architectural  treatment建筑艺术形式 artistic form of architecture建筑用地 building lot; building site; lot建筑用地规划 plot planning; block planning建筑用钢铁 constructional iron建筑用黄铜 architectural brass建筑用木材 building timber建筑用提升机 service-building elevator建筑原理 architectonics; architectural principle建筑造型艺术 art of architectural modelling建筑占地系数 coefficient of land used for buildings建筑障碍 architectural barriers建筑照明 architectural lighting建筑折旧准备 buildings depreciation reserve建筑哲理 architectural philosophy建筑柱式 architectural orders; orders of architecture建筑装饰 architectural decoration; architectural ornament建筑装饰彩釉砂涂料 colour-glazed sand paint for building decoration建筑装饰学 architectural decoration建筑装修五金 architectural metalwork建筑自动化 building automation建筑自重 structural weight per square meter建筑渲染 architectural rendering; rendu施工 construct; execution; construction; execution of works施工安装图 construction and erection drawing施工安装用的机械及工具 machines and tools for construction and erection施工标桩 construction stake施工布置图 construction plan施工步骤 construction procedure; construction steps施工测量 construction survey施工程序 construction program; execution programme for works施工程序网络图 project network施工贷款 construction loan施工单位 construction organization; builder施工道路 construction road施工地点 job location施工吊车 construction hoist施工定额 construction norm施工队 construction team施工方法 job practice施工方式 form of construction work施工费用 construction cost施工缝 construction joint施工工程 construction work施工工程师 construction engineer; operating engineer施工工程学 construction engineering施工工期 construction period施工工种 construction trade施工规模 scope of construction item; size of construction施工荷载 construction loads; working load施工合同 construction contract施工机械 construction machinery施工机械费 cost of constructor's mechanical plant施工机械化 mechanization of building operation; mechanization of  construction施工机械化系数 coefficient of construction mechanization施工技术财务计划 financial plan for construction technology施工计划 construction plan; construction program(me)施工监督 supervision of construction; supervision; monitoring施工检查 inspection of construction施工检查员 construction inspector施工阶段 construction stage; construction phase施工进度 construction progress施工进度表 schedule of construction; schedule of operations; work-schedule施工进度计划 detailed construction schedule; construction schedule施工经济学 construction economics施工经理 construction manager施工经验 construction experience施工卷扬机 builder's hoist; builder's winch施工临时螺栓 construction bolt施工流水作业法 construction streamline method施工面积 floor space under construction施工平面图 construction plan施工期 construction period施工起重机 construction hoist施工企业 construction enterprises施工前阶段 preconstruction stage施工区 construction area施工缺陷 constructional deficiency施工人员 constructor; builder施工设备 plant for construction; construction equipment施工设计 detail design; detailed engineering施工水平仪 builder's level施工说明 general des cription of construction施工说明书 construction specifications施工图设计 construction documents design施工图设计阶段 construction documents design phase; construction  documents phase施工图预算 working drawing estimate施工文件 construction documents (包括施工图及说明)施工误差 construction error施工现场 fabricating yard; job location施工详图 detail of construction; construction detail; working drawing施工项目 project under construction; construction item施工项目编号 construction item reference number施工效率 efficiency of construction施工性能 workability施工许可证 builder's licence施工验收技术规范 technical code for work and acceptance施工依据 manufacture bases施工营业执照 builder's licence施工预算 construction estimate施工执照 building permit施工准备 preliminary work for construction; preparations for  construction施工准备计划 preparatory plan施工总平面图 overall construction site plan施工总则 general conditions of construction施工组织设计 construction management plan施工作业计划 work element construction program项目 subject of entry; item项目报告 project paper项目编制阶段 project preparation phase项目标记 project mark项目财务估价 project financial evaluation项目采购 project purchasing项目成本 project cost; item cost项目筹备融通资金 project preparation facility (PPF)项目贷款 project finance; project-financing loan; project loan 项目单 menu项目的拟订 project formulation项目的所有者 owner of the project项目的总投标价值 total tender value of project项目发展周期 project development cycle项目范围 scope of project项目方案 project alternatives项目分隔符 item separation symbol项目分类 classification of items项目分配 allocation of items项目分析 item analysis项目工程师 project engineer项目工程师负责制 project engineer system项目管理人 project manager项目号 item number项目核对法 check list (市场调查技术之一)项目核准权 projects approval authority项目后评价 post project evaluation项目后评价和后继行动 post project evaluation and followup项目划分 segregation of items项目化组织 projectized organization项目环境生态评价 environmental appraisal of a project项目货款额度 project line项目技术评价 project technology evaluation项目计划 project plan项目计划设计图 project planning chart项目记录 item record项目加权 item weighting项目检验回归曲线 item-test regression curve项目建设费用 cost of project implementation项目建设进度表 project implementation scheduling项目建议书 proposals for the projects项目经济估价 project economic evaluation; economic evaluation of a project项目经理 project manager项目矩阵组织 project matrix organization项目控制 project control项目块 entry block项目历史 history of project项目目标管理 project management by objectives项目匹配法 matching item项目评估 project appraisal; project evaluation项目评估法 Project Evaluation and Review Technique项目企业经济评价 enterprise's economic appraisal of a project 项目删除 deletion of items项目上端 item top项目社会评价 project's social value appraisal项目设备 project equipment项目设计 item design项目设计工程师负责制 project engineer responsibility system 项目生产 project production项目说明 item des cription项目说明书 specification of an item项目投资时期 investment phase of a project项目图与布置图 project charts and layouts项目网络法 project network technique项目网络分析 project network analysis项目文件 item file项目小组 project group; project team organiztion项目行 item line项目修理通知单 item repairing order项目选择 project selection项目训练法 project training项目研究编目 item study listing项目研究小组 project team项目一次采购法 project purchasing项目一览表 itemized schedule项目预算 program budget; project budget项目预算编制 program budgeting项目政治评价 political appraisal of a project项目支助业务 project supporting services项目执行 project implementation项目执行情况审计报告 project performance audity report (PPAR) 项目指标 project indicators项目转移 item advance项目资金筹措 project financing。
建筑工程中英文对照
建筑词典大全附中文详细解释I第一节一般术语1. 工程结构building and civil engineering structures房屋建筑和土木工程的建筑物、构筑物及其相关组成部分的总称;2. 工程结构设计design of building and civil engineering structures在工程结构的可靠与经济、适用与美观之间,选择一种最佳的合理的平衡,使所建造的结构能满足各种预定功能要求;3. 房屋建筑工程building engineering一般称建筑工程,为新建、改建或扩建房屋建筑物和附属构筑物所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体;4. 土木工程civil engineering除房屋建筑外,为新建、改建或扩建各类工程的建筑物、构筑物和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体;5. 公路工程highway engineering为新建或改建各级公路和相关配套设施等而进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体;6. 铁路工程railway engineering为新建或改建铁路和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体;7. 港口与航道工程port harbour and waterway engineering为新建或改建港口与航道和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体;8. 水利工程hydraulic engineering为修建治理水患、开发利用水资源的各项建筑物、构筑物和相关配设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体;9. 水利发电工程水电工程hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering以利用水能发电为主要任务的水利工程;10. 建筑物构筑物construction works房屋建筑或土木工程中的单项工程实体;11. 结构structure广义地指房屋建筑和土木工程的建筑物、构筑物及其相关组成部分的实体,狭义地指各种工程实体的承重骨架;12. 基础foundation将建筑物、构筑物以及各种设施的上部结构所承受的各种作用和自重传递到地基的结构组成部分;13. 地基foundation soil; subgrade; subbase; ground支承由基础传递或直接由上部结构传递的各种作用的土体或岩体;未经加工处理的称为天然地基;14. 木结构timber structure以木材为主制作的结构15. 砌体结构masonry structure以砌体为主制作的结构;它包括砖结构、石结构和其它材料的砌块结构;有无筋砌体结构和配筋砌体结构;16. 钢结构steel structure以钢材为主制作的结构;其中由带钢或钢板经冷加工形成的型材所制作的结构称冷弯薄壁型钢结构;17. 混凝土砼结构concrete structure以混凝土为主制作的结构;它包括素混凝土结构、钢筋混凝土结构和预应力混凝土结构等; 18. 特种工程结构special engineering structure指具有特种用途的建筑物、构筑物,如高耸结构,包括塔、烟囱、桅、海洋平台、容器、构架等各种结构;19. 房屋建筑building在固定地点,为使用者或占用物提供庇护覆盖进行生活、生产或其它活动家的实体;20. 工业建筑industrial building提供生产用的各种建筑物,如车间、厂前区建筑、生活间、动力站、库房和运输设施等; 21. 民用建筑civil building; civil architecture指非生产性的居住建筑和公共建筑,如住宅、办公楼、幼儿园、学校、食堂、影剧院、商店、体育馆、旅馆、医院、展览馆等;22. 公路highway联结城市和乡村,主要供汽车或其它车辆行驶并具备一定技术标准和设施的道路;23. 公路网highway network一定区域内相互连络、交织成网状分布的公路系统;24. 高速公路freeway具有四条或四条以上车道,设有中央分隔带,并具有完善的交通安全设施、管理设施和服务设施,为全立交、全封闭,专供汽车高速行驶的公路;25. 干线公路arterial highway在公路网中起骨干作用的公路,分国家干线国道、省干线省道;26. 支线公路feeder highway在公路网中起连接作用的一般公路,即县县道和乡乡道等公路;27. 铁路铁道railway; railroad用机车牵引运货或运旅客的车厢组成列车,在一定轨距的轨道上行驶的交通运输线路;28. 标准轨距铁路standard gauge railway在直线地段,轨距为1435mm的铁路;29. 宽轨距铁路broad gauge railway在直线地段,轨距大于1435mm的铁路;30. 窄轨距铁路narrow gauge railway在直线地段,轨距小于1435mm的铁路;31. 铁路枢纽railway terminal在铁路网点或网端,由几个协同作业的车站、引入线路和联络路线组成的综合体;32. 铁路车站railway station设有各种用途的线路,并办理列车通过、到发、列车技术作业及客货运业务的分界点;33. 港口port; harbour具有水陆联运条件和设施,供船舶安全进出和停泊以进行货物装卸作业或上下旅客以及军事用的交通运输枢纽;34. 港口水工建筑物marine structure供港口正常生产作业的临水或水中建筑物;35. 通航过船建筑物navigation structure; navigation construction在栏河闸、坝或急流卡口等所形成的水位集中落差处,为使船舶或排筏安全顺利地航驶而修建的水工建筑物;36. 灯塔light house在海洋、江河和湖泊航线中,指引船舶安全行驶、识别方位并设有发光樗的塔形建筑物; 37. 水利water conservancy为控制或调整天然水在空间和时间上的分布,防治洪水和旱涝灾害,合理开发和利用水资源而进行的活动,如治河防洪,灌溉排水,水土保持,水力发电,内河航运与生活、工业、环境供水以及跨流域调水等;38. 水利枢纽multipurpose hydraulic project; key water-control project; hydro-junction为治理水患和开发利用水资源,在各种水域的一定范围内修建的若干座作用不同而相互配合的水工建筑物组成的综合体;39. 水库reservoir为治理河流和开发水资源,在狭谷或丘陵地带河流上建档水坝,利用天然地形构成的蓄水设施;40. 水工建筑物hydraulic structure; marine structure; maritime construction为水利、水利发电、港口与航道等工程修建的承受水作用的各种建筑物总称;41. 档水建筑物water retaining structure; retaining works栏截水流、调蓄流量、壅高水位的水工建筑物;42. 进水取水建筑物intake structure人河流、湖泊、水库等引进水流、控制流量、阻拦泥沙及漂浮物的水工建筑物;43. 泄水建筑物outlet structure; outlet works; sluice works在水利枢纽或输水系统中,宣泄水量的水工建筑物;44. 输水建筑物conveyance structure向供水目标输送水量的水工建筑物;45. 整治建筑物rcgulating structure; training structure rectification structure为整治河流、航道、具有调整河床边界、改变水流结构、影响泥沙运动、控制河床演变等作用的水工建筑物;46. 水电站hydro-electric station; hydropower station由河河湖海的沙滩有变为电能的各种设备及配套构筑物组成的综合体;47. 水泵站抽水站、扬水站、提水站pump station设置抽水装置及其辅助设备,将水送往高处的配套建筑物;48. 过木建筑物过木设施raftpass facility log pass facility供输送竹、木材通过闸、坝等挡水建筑物的工程设施;49. 过钿建筑物过钽设施fishpass facility供鱼类通过拦河闸坝等挡水建筑物的工程设施;50. 安全设施safety device为保障人、车、行船的安全,在房屋、公路、铁路和港口、航道沿线所设置的地道、天桥、航标、灯塔、照明设备、防水设施、护栏、标柱、标志、标线等设施的总称;第二节房屋建筑结构术语1. 混合结构mixed structure不同材料的构件或部件混合组成的结构;2. 板柱结构slab-colume system由楼板和柱无梁组成承重体系的房屋结构,如升板结构、无梁楼盖结构、整体预应力板柱结构;3. 框架结构frame structure由梁柱组成的能承受竖向、水平作用所产生各种效应的单层、多层或高层结构;4. 拱结构arch structure由拱作为承承重体系的结构;5. 折板结构folded-plate structure由多块条形或其它外形的平板组合而成,能作承重、围护用的薄壁空间结构;6. 壳体结构shell structure由各种形状的曲面板与边缘构件梁、拱、桁架组成的大跨度覆盖或围护的空间结构;7. 风架结构space truss structure由多根杆件按一定网格形式通过节点连接而成的大跨度覆盖的空间结构;8. 悬索结构cable-suspended structure由柔性受拉索及其边缘构件所组成的承重结构;9. 充气结构pneumatic structure在以高分子材料制成的薄膜制品中充入空气后而形成房屋的结构;分气承式和气管式两种结构形式;10. 剪力墙结构墙结构shear wall structure在高层和多层建筑中,竖向和水平作用均由钢筋混凝土或预应力混凝土墙体承受的结构; 11. 框架-剪力墙结构frame-shear wall structure在高层建筑或工业厂房中,剪力墙和框架共同承受竖向和水平作用的一种组合型结构;12. 筒体结构tube structure由竖向箱形截面悬臂筒体组成的结构;筒体有剪力墙围成竖向箱形截面的薄壁筒和密柱框架组成竖向箱形截面的框筒;筒体由一个或多个组成；分筒中筒、单框筒、框架-薄壁筒和成束筒等四类;13. 悬挂结构suspended structure将楼屋面系统的荷载通过吊杆传递到悬挂的水平桁架梁,再由悬挂的水平桁架梁传递到被悬挂的井筒上直至基础的结构;14. 高耸结构high-rise structure高度大,水平横向向剖面相对小,并以水平荷载控制设计的结构;分自立式塔式结构和拉线式桅式结构两大类,如水塔、烟囱、电视塔、监测塔等;第三节公路路线和铁路线路术语1. 公路路线highway公路中线的空间位置;2. 公路线形highway alignment公路中线的立体形状,由若干直线段和曲线段连接而成;3. 平面线形horizontal alignment公路中线在水平面上投影形状4. 纵面线形vertical alignment公路中心在纵剖面上的投影形式;5. 公路选线route selection根据自然条件、公路使用性质和技术标准,结合地形、地质条件,考虑安全、环境、土地利用和施工条件以及社会经济效益等各种因素,通过比较,选择路线走向及其控制位置的全过程;6. 公路定线route location根据规定的技术标准和路线方案,结合技术经济条件,从平面、纵断面、横断面综合考虑,具体定出路线中心线的工作;7. 平面线horizontal curve在平面线形中,路线转向处曲线的总称,包括圆曲线和缓和曲线8. 竖曲线vertical curve在公路纵坡的变坡处设置的竖向曲线;9. 变坡点grade change point路线纵断面上两相邻不同坡度线的相交点;10. 路线交叉route intersection两条或两条以上公路的交会;11. 铁路线路permanent way包括机车和车厢组成列车行驶的通路、轨道及支承轨道的中期、桥梁、涵洞、隧道及其它建筑物的总称;12. 铁路选线railway location在已确定的铁路起点,经过地点和终点之间,根据国家经济发展规划、自然条件和运输任务,结合铁路动力设备,并按照列车运行规律与经济原则,选择铁路新路线和改进已有路线的最佳方案;13. 铁路定线location对选线确定的线路进行勘测后,按照规范的技术规定,在线路地形图上,进行线路的平面和纵断面设计和布置车站、桥涵等建筑物的工作;14. 正线main line连接并贯穿或直股伸入铁路车站的线路;只有一条正线的线路称为单线,有二条正线的线路称为双线;15. 站线sidings铁路车站管理的线路中,除正线以外各种线路的统称,如列车到发线、调车线、货物装卸线等;16. 最小曲线半径minimum radius of curve在全线或某一地段内规定的圆曲线最小半径;17. 坡段grade section两相邻变坡点间的长度;18. 最大坡度maximum grade一条线路上容许的最大设计坡度;19. 平面交叉grade crossing铁路和铁路,铁路和公路称道口,公路和公路在同一平面上的交叉;20. 立体交叉grade separation铁路和铁路,铁路和公路,公路和公路在不同高程上的交叉;第四节桥、涵洞和隧道术语1. 桥bridge为公路、铁路、城市道路、管线、行人等跨越河流、山谷、道路等天然或人工障碍而建造的架空建筑物;2. 简支梁桥simple supported girder bridge以简支梁作为桥跨结构的主要承重构件的梁式桥;3. 连续梁桥continuous girder bridge以成列的连续梁作为桥跨结构主要承重构件的梁式桥;4. 悬臂梁桥cantilever girder bridge以悬臂作为桥跨结构主要承重构件的梁式桥;5. 斜拉斜张桥cable stayed bridge以斜拉斜张索连接索塔和主梁作为桥跨结构主要承重构件的桥;6. 悬索吊桥suspension bridge以通过两索塔悬垂并锚固于两岸或桥两端的缆索或钢链作为桥跨结构主要承重构件的桥;7. 桁架桥trussed bridge以桁架作为桥跨结构主要承重构件的桥,有桁架梁桥、桁架拱桥等;8．框架桥frame bridge桥跨结构为整体箱形框架的桥;9．刚构刚架桥rigid frame bridge桥跨结构与桥墩台刚性连接的桥,有连续、斜腿刚构桥等;10．拱桥arch bridge以拱圈或拱肋作为桥跨结构主要承重构件的桥,有双曲、箱形拱桥等;11．漫水桥submersible bridge容许洪水漫过桥面的桥;12．浮桥pontoon bridge上部结构架高参水中浮动支承如船、筏、浮箱等上的桥;13．正交桥right bridge桥的纵轴线与其跨越的河流流向或公路、铁路等路线轴向相垂直的桥;14．斜交桥skew bridge桥的纵轴线怀其跨越的河流流向或公路、铁路等路线轴向不相垂直的桥15．跨线立交桥grade separated bridge; overpass bridge跨越公路、铁路或城市道路等交通线路和桥;16．高架桥viaduct代替高路堤跨越深谷、洼地或人工设施的桥;17．正主桥main span跨越河道主槽部分或深谷、人工设施主要部分的桥;18．引桥approach span连接路堤和正主桥的桥;19．弯桥curved bridge桥面中心线在平面上为曲线的桥,有主梁为直线而桥面为曲线和主梁与桥面均为曲线两种情况;20．坡桥Ramp bridge设置在纵坡路段上的桥;21．公路铁路两用桥combined bridge; highway and railway transit bridge可供汽车和火车分道分层或并列行驶的桥;22．开合桥movable bridge桥跨结构中具有可以提升、平旋或立旋开合的桥;23．单线桥single-track bridge铺设一条铁路线路的桥;24．双线桥double-track bridge铺设两条铁路线路的桥;25．桥跨结构上部结构bridge superstructure桥的支承部分以上或拱桥起拱线以上跨越桥引的结构;26．桥面系bridge floor system为提供列车、车辆、人群通过而设置桥面所需要的结构系统;27．桥支座bridge bearing; bridge support支承桥跨结构,并将其荷载传给桥墩、桥台的构件;28．桥下部结构bridge substructure为桥如、桥墩及桥梁基础的总称,用以支承桥梁上部结构将上部荷载传递给地基;29．索塔桥塔bridge tower支承悬索桥或斜张桥的主索并将荷载直接传给地基的塔形构筑物;30．桥台abutment位于桥的两端与中基相衔接,并将桥上荷载传递到基础,又承受台后填土压力的构筑物; 31．桥墩pier支承两相邻桥跨结构,并将其荷载传给地基的构筑物;32．涵洞culvert横贯并埋设在路基或河堤中用以输水、排水或作为通道的构筑物;33．隧道洞tunnel在道路、铁路及输水、泄水线路上,遇天然障碍时,穿越地层内部的地下或水底通道; 34．隧道洞口洞门tunnel portal为保持洞口上方及两侧边坡的稳定,在隧道洞口修筑的墙式建筑物;35．隧道洞围岩tunnel surrounding rock隧道洞周围一定范围内,对洞身的稳定产生影响的岩土体;36．隧道洞衬砌tunnel lining为保证围岩稳定,防止隧道围崦变形或坍塌,并保持隧洞断面尺寸大小或使洞口内有良好水流条件,沿隧道洞身周边修筑的永久性支护结构层;第五节水工期建筑物术语1．坝dam阻拦或拦蓄水充、壅高或调节上游水位的挡水建筑物;顶部不泄水的称非溢流坝,顶部泄水的称溢流坝;2．坝轴线dam axis代表坝位置的一条横贯河谷的线;3．重力坝gravity dam主要依靠自身重力,抵抗壅水作用于坝体的推力以保持稳定的坝;4．拱坝arch dam平面呈拱向上游的曲线形坝,主要依靠拱的作用将壅水作用于坝体的推力传至两岸,以保持稳定的坝;5．支墩坝buttress dam由一系列支墩和其上游挡水结构组成的坝6．土石坝earth-rock dam; embankment dam用土、砂、砂砾石、卵石、块石、风化岩等材料经碾压或填筑建成的坝;7．混凝土坝concrete dam用混凝土筑成的坝;8．橡胶坝rubber dam; flexible dam; fabric dam锚着于底板上,以聚酯或橡胶为基质合成纤维织物形成袋囊,经充水气后形成的坝;9．丁坝spur dike; groin一端接河岸,一端伸向整治线,在平面上形成丁字形,坝轴线与流向交角分上挑、下挑或正挑的横向整治建筑物;10．顺坝training dike一端接河岸,一端向下游延伸,坝轴线与流向平行或成一锐角,引导水流的纵向整建筑物;11．溢洪道spillway从水库向下游泄放超过水库调蓄能力的洪水,以保证工程安全的泄水建筑物;12．堰溢流堰weir在顶部溢流的挡水、泄水建筑物;13．围堰coffer dam用于水下施工的临时性挡水设施;14．水工隧洞hydraulic tunnel在山体中或地面以下开挖的,具有封闭形断面和一定长度的过水建筑物;15．深式进水口deep water intake人水库水面下一定深度处引水的水工隧洞或坝下埋管的首部建筑物;16．堤坝式水电站dam type hydropower station用筑坝集中河段落差,形成发电淼砂的水电站;17．引水引水道式水电站diversion conduit type hydropower staion利用引水道集中河段落差,形成必电水头的水电站;18．潮汐电站tidal power station建于港湾入口处,利用海洋潮汐的动能转烃为电能的水电站;19．抽水蓄能电站pumped storage power station具有抽水蓄能及发电两种功能的水电站;20．水电站厂房powerhouse of hydropower station水电站中装置水轮发电机组及其辅助设备并为其安装、检修、运行及管理服务的建筑物,分河床式、坝后式、坝内式厂房或建在地面下的地下厂房21．前池forebay设置在引水渠道末端及压力管道进口前的水池22．压力管道pressure nconduit承受内水压力的封闭式输水管道;23．调压室surge chamber设置在水电站较长的有压水疲乏中,使水流具有自由水面以减小水锤压力的贮水调压设施; 24．尾水渠tailrace尾水管与下游河槽之间输送发电尾水的渠道;25．船闸navigation lock供船舶在水位集中落差处通航的一种箱形建筑物;26．升船机shi lift; ship elevator在通航水道上有水位集中落差的地区,用机械或水力方法驱动升隆船舶,使船舶在水位落差处通过拦河坝的一种过船建筑物;27．水闸sluice; barrage利用闸门控制流量、调节水位,既可挡水,又可泄水的建筑物;28．渠道caual在地面上人工建造的开敞式输水通道;29．渡槽aqueduct; bridged flume跨越洼地、道路、水道等衔接渠道的桥式建筑物;30．陡坡chute以大于临界坡的底坡连接高、低渠道的开敞式过水建筑物;31．跌水drop以集中跌落方式连接高、低渠道的开敞式或封闭式建筑物;32．坝内廊道系统gallery system设在坝体内相互连通,并有进出口通向坝外的纵向、横向及竖向通道系统,具有灌浆、排水、检查、交通等多种功用;33．消能防冲设施energy dissipating and anti-scour facility位于泄水建筑物下游侧,用以消减水流动能,并保护河底免受冲刷的结构设施;34．防渗设施seepage control facility为防止和减少通过建筑物或地基渗流的设施35．排水设施drainage facility排邮建筑物及地基中渗流的设施;36. 反滤设施倒滤设施reverse filter为防止渗流导致土粒流失,而在渗流逸出外沿渗流方向按砂石材料颗粒粒径、土工织物纪隙尺寸,以逐渐增大的原则,分层填铺的滤水设施;37．水轮泵站turbine-pump station利用水轮泵提水的泵站;38．水锤泵站ram station利用水锤泵提水的泵站;39．坝下埋管under dam culvert埋设在土石坝坝底,并在进口处设控制闸门的输水管道或洞40．沉消池silting basin沉淀和清除水中部分泥沙的池;41．堤dike; levee沿江、河、湖、海分洪区岸边修筑的挡水建筑物;42．防波堤breakwater; mole防御风浪侵袭港口水域,保证港内水域平稳的水工建筑物;43．码头wharf; quay供船舶停靠、装卸货物、上下旅客用的水工建筑物;44．斜坡码头sloped wharf岩边断面呈斜坡状,设有固定坡道,并在坡道前端有趸船的徘船码头;45．墩式码头dolphin wharf由靠船墩及工作平台、引桥等组成的靠船码头,主要型式有重力式墩式码头和高桩墩式码头; 46．重力式码头gravity quay-wall以结构本身和填料的重力保持稳定的靠船码头,主要型式有方块、沉箱及扶壁式等;47．板桩码头sheet-pile quay-wall由板桩、帽梁或胸墙、导梁和锚碇结构等所组成的靠船码头;48．高桩码头open pier on piles; high-pile wharf主要是由部分桩身露出地面的桩和桩台组成的高桩承台式靠船码头;其特点是通过桩台将施加在码头上的荷载由桩传递到地基;49．浮趸船码头floating pier; pontoon wharf由随水位涨落而升隆的趸船、支撑设施、引桥及护岸等组成的靠船码头;50．船坞dock用于建造或检修航船的水工建筑物;由坞首、坞门、坞室、灌泄系统、拖系缆设备、动力和公用设施以及其它附属设备等组成,主要型式有干船坞和浮船坞;51．船台ship-building berth在船舶上墩、下水构筑物中专门为修、造船舶有物场地;有露天船台、开敞船台和室内船台三种;52．滑道slipway船舶上墩、下水用的轨道;第六节结构构件和部件术语1．构件member组成结构的单元;2．部件component; assembly parts结构中由若干构件组成的组合件,如楼梯、阳台、楼盖等;3．截面section设计时所考虑的结构构件与某一平面的交面;当该交面与结构构件的纵向轴线或中面正交时的面称正截面,斜交时的面称斜截面;4．梁beam; girder一种由支座支承的直线或曲线形构件;它主要承受各种作用产生的弯矩和剪力,有时也承受扭矩;5．拱arch一种由支座支承的曲线或折线形构件;它主要承受各种作用产生的轴向压力,有时也承受弯矩、剪力,或扭矩;6．板slab; plate一种由支座支承的平面尺寸大,而厚度相对较小的平面构件;它主要承受各种作用产生的弯矩和剪力;7．壳shell一种曲面构件,它主要承受各种作用产生的中面内的力,有时也承受弯矩、剪力或扭矩; 8．柱column一咱竖向直线构件;它主要承受各咱作用产生的轴向压力,有时也承受弯矩、剪力或扭矩; 9．墙wall一种竖向平面或曲面构件;它主要承受各咱作用产生的中面内的力,有时也承受中面外的弯矩和剪力;10．桁架truss由若干杆件构成的一种平面或空间的格架式结构或构件;各杆件主要承受各种作用产生的轴赂力,有时也承受节点弯矩和剪力;11．框架frame由梁和柱连接而构成的一种平面或空间,单层或多层的结构;12．排架bent frame由梁或桁架和柱铰接而成的单层框架;13．刚架刚构rigid frame由梁和柱刚接而构成的框架;14．简支梁simply supported beam梁搁置在两端支座上,其一端为轴向有约束的铰支座,另一端为能轴向滚动的支座;15．悬臂梁cantilever beam梁的一端为不产生轴向、垂直位移和转动的固定支座,另一端为自由端;16．两端固定梁beam fixed at both ends梁的两端均为不产生轴向、垂直位移和转动的固定支座;17．连续梁continuous beam具有三个或三个以上支座的梁;18．叠合梁superposed beam截面由同一材料若干部分重叠而成为整体的梁;19．桩pile沉入、打入或浇注于地基中的柱状支承构件,如木桩、钢桩、混凝土桩等;20．板桩sheet pile全部或部分打入地基中,横截面为长方板形的支承构件,如钢板桩、钢筋混凝土板桩;21．路面pavement用筑路材料铺筑在公路路基上面,供车辆行驶的结构层,括面层含磨耗层、基层和垫层; 22．行车道carriageway公路上代各咱车辆行驶部分的总称,包括快车行车道和慢行车道;23．变速车道speed-change lane高等级公路上的加速度车道和减速车道的总称;24．人行道sidewalk公路上用路缘石、护桩或其它设施加以分隔,专门供人行走25. 分隔带Lane separator沿公路纵向设置分隔行车道用的带状地带.在路中间的称中央分隔带.26. 自行车道bicycle path专供自行车行驶的车道.27. 公路路肩road shoulder位于行车道外缘至路基边缘,具有一定宽度的带状结构部分.为保持行车道功能和临时停车用,并作为路面的横向支承.28. 路基边沟subgrade side ditch为汇集和排除路面,路肩及边坡的流水,在路基两侧设置的纵向水沟.29. 截水沟天沟catch ditch ;intercepting channel当路基挖方边坡上方的山坡汇水面积较大时,设置拦截山坡地表水以及保证挖方边坡不受水流冲刷的截水设施.30. 排水沟drainage ditch将边沟,截水沟,取土坑或路基附近的积水,疏导至蓄水池或低洼地,天然河沟或桥涵处的设施.31. 护坡slope protection; revetment为防止边坡受水冲刷,在坡面上所作的各种铺砌和栽植的统称.32. 挡土墙retaining wall主要承受土压力,防止土体塌滑的墙式建筑物.33. 铁路轨道railway track位于铁路路基以上的钢轨,轨枕,连接零件,道床,道贫和其它附属设备等部分的总称.34. 钢轨rail钢材轧制成一定长度的工字形断面型钢,用以直接支承铁路列车荷载和引导火车车轮行驶. 35. 轨枕sleeper支承钢轨,保持轨距并将列车荷载传布于道床的构件.36. 轨排track skeleton两根钢轨和轨枕用扣件连接成的整体结构件.37. 道床bed支承和固定轨枕,并将其支承的荷载传布于铁路路基面的轨道组成部分.38. 道碴ballast作铁路道床用的土标准级配碎石或卵石砂子,矿碴等松散材料.。
建筑专业词汇中英对照(精心整理版)
1DESIGN BASIS 设计依据计划建议书 planning proposals设计任务书 design order标准规范standards and codes条件图 information drawing设计基础资料 basic data for design工艺流程图 process flowchart工程地质资料 engineering geological data 原始资料 original data设计进度 schedule of design2STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段方案 scheme, draft草图 sketch会谈纪要summary of discussion谈判 negotiation 可行性研究 feasibility study初步设计 preliminary design基础设计 basic design详细设计 detail design询价图 enquiry drawing施工图 working drawing, construction drawing竣工图 as built drawing3CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件日照 sunshine风玫瑰 wind rose主导风向 prevailing wind direction最大(平均)风速 maximum (mean) wind velocity风荷载 wind load最大(平均)降雨量 maximum (mean) rainfall雷击及闪电 thunder and lightning飓风 hurricane台风 typhoon旋风 cyclone降雨强度rainfall intensity年降雨量 annual rainfall湿球温度 wet bulb temperature干球温度 dry bulb temperature冰冻期 frost period冰冻线 frost line冰冻区 frost zone室外计算温度 calculating outdoor temperature采暖地区 region with heating provision不采暖地区 region without heating provision绝对大气压 absolute atmospheric pressure相对湿度 relative humidity14GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间办公室 office服务用房 service room换班室 shift room休息室 rest room (break room)起居室 living room浴室 bathroom淋浴间 shower更衣室 locker room厕所 lavatory门厅 lobby诊室 clinic工作间 workshop电气开关室 switchroom走廊 corridor档案室 archive 电梯机房 lift motor room车库 garage清洁间 cleaning room会议室(正式) conference room会议室 meeting room衣柜间 ward robe暖风间 room饭店 restaurant餐厅 canteen, dining room厨房 kitchen入口 entrance接待处 reception area会计室 accountant room秘书室 secretary room电气室 electrical room控制室 control room工长室 foreman office开关柜室 switch gear前室 antecabinet (Ante.)生产区 production area马达控制中心 Mcc多功能用房 utility room化验室 laboratory room经理室 manager room披屋(阁楼) penthouse警卫室 guard house5ROOFING AND CEILING 屋面及天棚女儿墙 parapet雨蓬 canopy屋脊 roof ridge坡度 slope2坡跨比 pitch分水线 water-shed二毡三油 2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic附加油毡一层 extra ply of felt檐口 eave挑檐 overhanging eave檐沟 eave gutter平屋面 flat roof坡屋面 pitched roof雨水管 downspout, rain water pipe)汇水面积catchment area泛水 flashing内排水 interior drainage外排水 exterior drainage滴水 drip 屋面排水 roof drainage找平层 leveling course卷材屋面 built-up roofing天棚 ceiling檩条 purlin屋面板 roofing board天花板 ceiling board防水层 water-proof course检查孔 inspection hole人孔 manhole吊顶 suspended ceiling, false ceiling檐板(窗帘盒) cornice6WALL (CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板)砖墙 brick wall砌块墙 block wall清水砖墙 brick wall without plastering抹灰墙 rendered wall石膏板墙 gypsum board, plaster board空心砖墙 hollow brick wall承重墙 bearing wall非承重墙 non-bearing wall纵墙 longitudinal wall横墙 transverse wall外墙 external (exterior) wall内墙 internal (interior) wall填充墙 filler wall防火墙 fire wall窗间墙 wall between window空心墙 cavity wall压顶 coping圈梁 gird, girt, girth3玻璃隔断 glazed wall防潮层 damp-proof course 遮阳板 sunshade 阳台 balcony伸缩缝 expansion joint沉降缝 settlement joint抗震缝 seismic joint复合夹心板 sandwich board压型单板 corrugated single steel plate 外墙板 cladding panel复合板 composite panel轻质隔断 light-weight partition牛腿 bracket砖烟囱 brick chimney勒脚(基座) plinth 7FLOOR AND TRENCH 地面及地沟地坪 grade地面和楼面 ground and floor素土夯实 rammed earth炉渣夯实 tamped cinder填土 filled earth回填土夯实 tamped backfill垫层 bedding course, blinding面层 covering, finish结合层 bonding (binding) course找平层 leveling course素水泥浆结合层 neat cement binding course混凝土地面 concrete floor水泥地面 cement floor机器磨平混凝土地面 machine trowelled concretefloor水磨石地面 terrazzo flooring马赛克地面 mosaic flooring瓷砖地面 ceramic tile flooring油地毡地面 linoleum flooring预制水磨石地面 precast terrazzo flooring硬木花地面 hard-wood parquet flooring搁栅 joist硬木毛地面 hard-wood rough flooring企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring防酸地面 acid-resistant floor钢筋混凝土楼板 reinforced concrete slabSlab)乙烯基地面 vinyl flooring水磨石嵌条 divider strip for terrazzo地面做2％坡 floor with 2% slope集水沟 gully4集水口 gulley排水沟 drainage trench沟盖板 trench cover活动盖板 removable cover plate集水坑 sump pit孔翻边 hole up stand电缆沟 cable trenchDOORS.．．．平剖面图 sectional plan of...留孔平面图 plan of provision of holes 剖面 section纵剖面 longitudinal section横剖面 cross (transverse) section立面 elevation正立面 front elevation透视图 perspective drawing 侧立面 side elevation背立面 back elevation详图 detail drawings典型节点 typical detail节点号 detail No.首页 front page图纸目录及说明 list of contents anddescription图例 legend示意图 diagram草图 sketch荷载简图 load diagram流程示意图 flow diagram标准图 standard drawing．．．布置图 layout of ...地形图 topographical map土方工程图 earth-work drawing展开图 developed drawing模板图 formwork drawing配筋 arrangement of reinforcement表格 tables工程进度表 working schedule技术经济指标 technical and economical index建、构筑物一览表 list of buildings andstructures编号 coding序列号 serial No.行和栏 rows and columns备注 remarks等级 grade直线 straight Line曲线 curves5曲折线 zigzag line虚线 dotted line实线 solid line影线 hatching line点划线 dot and dash line 轴线 axis等高线 contour Line中心线 center Line双曲线 hyperbola抛物线 parabola切线 tangent Line尺寸线 dimension Line园形 round环形 annular方形 square矩形 rectangle 平行四边形 parallelogram三角形 triangle五角形 pentagon六角形 hexagon八角形 octagon梯形 trapezoid圆圈 circle弓形 sagment扇形 sector球形的 spherical抛物面 paraboloid圆锥形 cone椭圆形 ellipse, oblong面积 area体积 volume容量 capacity重量 weight质量 mass力 force米 meter厘米 centimeter毫米 millimeter公顷 hectate牛顿/平方米 Newton/square meter千克/立方米 kilogram/cubic meter英尺 foot英寸 inch磅 pound吨 ton加仑 gallon千磅 kip平均尺寸 average dimension6变尺寸 variable dimension外形尺寸 overall dimension 展开尺寸 developed dimension 内径 inside diameter外径 outside diameter净重 net weight毛重 gross weight数量 quantity百分比 percentage净空 clearance净高 headroom净距 clear distance净跨 clear span截面尺寸 sectional dimension 开间 bay进深 depth 单跨 single span双跨 double span多跨 multi-span标高 elevation, level绝对标高 absolute elevation设计标高 designed elevation室外地面标高 ground elevation室内地面标高 floor elevation柱网 column grid坐标 coordinate厂区占地 site area使用面积 usable area辅助面积 service area通道面积 passage area管架 pipe rack管廊 pipeline gallery架空管线 overhead pipeline排水沟 drain ditch集水坑 sump pit喷泉 fountain地漏 floor drain消火栓 fire hydrant灭火器 fire extinguisher二氧化碳灭火器 carbon dioxide extinguisher卤代烷灭火器 halon extinguisher7。
(完整word版)建筑术语中英文对照
建筑术语中英文对照建筑 build; architecture; construct; architectural; architectural & industrial ceramics建筑安装工程量 construction work quantity建筑板材 building board建筑材料表 list of building materials建筑材料检验 building material testing建筑材料行 building material dealer建筑材料运输列车 construction train建筑草图 architectural sketch建筑朝向 building orientation建筑成本预算 construction cost estimate建筑承包商 building contractor建筑尺度 architectural scale建筑处理 architectural treatment建筑创作 architectural creation建筑大五金 architectural metalwork建筑大样 architectural detail建筑单元 building unit建筑费 construction cost建筑风格 architectural style建筑辅助系统 building subsystem建筑钢 construction(al) steel建筑钢板 building sheet建筑高度 building height; height of building建筑高度分区 building height zoning; height zoning建筑工程升降机 builder's lift建筑工地选择 siting建筑工羊角锤头 builder's claw hammer head建筑工业 building industry; construction industry建筑工种 building trades建筑构思 architectural conception建筑构图 compostion on architecture; architectural composition 建筑构造 building construction建筑估价 building cost estimate建筑管理 architectural control建筑规程 building regulations建筑规范 building code建筑机械 construction machinery; building machinery建筑及维护规则 recommendation建筑结构 building structure建筑结构分析语言 structural engineering system solver (STRESS) 建筑立面 elevation of building; building elevation建筑沥青 bitumen for building; building asphalt No. 10建筑力学 architectural mechanics建筑铝型材生产线 architectural aluminium profile production line 建筑毛面积 gross floor area建筑毛造价 gross building cost建筑面积 area of structure; covered area建筑面积比 floor-area ratio (F.A.R.)建筑面积指标 floor-space index (F.S.I.)建筑模数 building module建筑配景 entourage of building建筑平面 architectural plane; building plane建筑起重机 building crane; construction-site crane建筑砌块 building block建筑气候分区 climate region of building建筑青铜 architectural bronze建筑青铜合金 architectural bronze建筑声学 architectural acoustics建筑石 paring stone建筑石料 building stone建筑时期观念 construction period concept建筑史 architectural history; history of architecture 建筑收进线 building setback line建筑陶板 architectural terra-cotta (ATC)建筑陶瓷 architectural pottery建筑特色 architectural feature建筑体积 architectural volume; cubage建筑体积计算 cubing建筑体系 building system建筑体形 building size建筑透视 architectural perspective建筑外壳 building shell建筑外形 architectural appearance建筑物 building; structure建筑物保险 building insurance建筑物朝向 direction of building建筑物基础 building foundation建筑物间距 distance between buildings建筑物理 architectural physics; building physics建筑物缺隐 building deficiency建筑物入口 building entrance建筑物租约 building lease建筑现场 construction建筑限制 building restriction建筑限制线 building restiction line建筑效果 architectural effect建筑型钢轧机机座 structural stand建筑型式 type of construction; architectural form建筑遗产 architectural heritage建筑艺术 architectural art建筑艺术处理 artistic treatment in architecture; architectural  treatment建筑艺术形式 artistic form of architecture建筑用地 building lot; building site; lot建筑用地规划 plot planning; block planning建筑用钢铁 constructional iron建筑用黄铜 architectural brass建筑用木材 building timber建筑用提升机 service-building elevator建筑原理 architectonics; architectural principle建筑造型艺术 art of architectural modelling建筑占地系数 coefficient of land used for buildings建筑障碍 architectural barriers建筑照明 architectural lighting建筑折旧准备 buildings depreciation reserve建筑哲理 architectural philosophy建筑柱式 architectural orders; orders of architecture建筑装饰 architectural decoration; architectural ornament建筑装饰彩釉砂涂料 colour-glazed sand paint for building decoration建筑装饰学 architectural decoration建筑装修五金 architectural metalwork建筑自动化 building automation建筑自重 structural weight per square meter建筑渲染 architectural rendering; rendu施工 construct; execution; construction; execution of works施工安装图 construction and erection drawing施工安装用的机械及工具 machines and tools for construction and erection施工标桩 construction stake施工布置图 construction plan施工步骤 construction procedure; construction steps施工测量 construction survey施工程序 construction program; execution programme for works施工程序网络图 project network施工贷款 construction loan施工单位 construction organization; builder施工道路 construction road施工地点 job location施工吊车 construction hoist施工定额 construction norm施工队 construction team施工方法 job practice施工方式 form of construction work施工费用 construction cost施工缝 construction joint施工工程 construction work施工工程师 construction engineer; operating engineer施工工程学 construction engineering施工工期 construction period施工工种 construction trade施工规模 scope of construction item; size of construction施工荷载 construction loads; working load施工合同 construction contract施工机械 construction machinery施工机械费 cost of constructor's mechanical plant施工机械化 mechanization of building operation; mechanization of  construction施工机械化系数 coefficient of construction mechanization施工技术财务计划 financial plan for construction technology施工计划 construction plan; construction program(me)施工监督 supervision of construction; supervision; monitoring施工检查 inspection of construction施工检查员 construction inspector施工阶段 construction stage; construction phase施工进度 construction progress施工进度表 schedule of construction; schedule of operations; work-schedule施工进度计划 detailed construction schedule; construction schedule施工经济学 construction economics施工经理 construction manager施工经验 construction experience施工卷扬机 builder's hoist; builder's winch施工临时螺栓 construction bolt施工流水作业法 construction streamline method施工面积 floor space under construction施工平面图 construction plan施工期 construction period施工起重机 construction hoist施工企业 construction enterprises施工前阶段 preconstruction stage施工区 construction area施工缺陷 constructional deficiency施工人员 constructor; builder施工设备 plant for construction; construction equipment施工设计 detail design; detailed engineering施工水平仪 builder's level施工说明 general des cription of construction施工说明书 construction specifications施工图设计 construction documents design施工图设计阶段 construction documents design phase; construction  documents phase施工图预算 working drawing estimate施工文件 construction documents (包括施工图及说明)施工误差 construction error施工现场 fabricating yard; job location施工详图 detail of construction; construction detail; working drawing施工项目 project under construction; construction item施工项目编号 construction item reference number施工效率 efficiency of construction施工性能 workability施工许可证 builder's licence施工验收技术规范 technical code for work and acceptance施工依据 manufacture bases施工营业执照 builder's licence施工预算 construction estimate施工执照 building permit施工准备 preliminary work for construction; preparations for  construction施工准备计划 preparatory plan施工总平面图 overall construction site plan施工总则 general conditions of construction施工组织设计 construction management plan施工作业计划 work element construction program项目 subject of entry; item项目报告 project paper项目编制阶段 project preparation phase项目标记 project mark项目财务估价 project financial evaluation项目采购 project purchasing项目成本 project cost; item cost项目筹备融通资金 project preparation facility (PPF)项目贷款 project finance; project-financing loan; project loan 项目单 menu项目的拟订 project formulation项目的所有者 owner of the project项目的总投标价值 total tender value of project项目发展周期 project development cycle项目范围 scope of project项目方案 project alternatives项目分隔符 item separation symbol项目分类 classification of items项目分配 allocation of items项目分析 item analysis项目工程师 project engineer项目工程师负责制 project engineer system项目管理人 project manager项目号 item number项目核对法 check list (市场调查技术之一)项目核准权 projects approval authority项目后评价 post project evaluation项目后评价和后继行动 post project evaluation and followup项目划分 segregation of items项目化组织 projectized organization项目环境生态评价 environmental appraisal of a project项目货款额度 project line项目技术评价 project technology evaluation项目计划 project plan项目计划设计图 project planning chart项目记录 item record项目加权 item weighting项目检验回归曲线 item-test regression curve项目建设费用 cost of project implementation项目建设进度表 project implementation scheduling项目建议书 proposals for the projects项目经济估价 project economic evaluation; economic evaluation of a project项目经理 project manager项目矩阵组织 project matrix organization项目控制 project control项目块 entry block项目历史 history of project项目目标管理 project management by objectives项目匹配法 matching item项目评估 project appraisal; project evaluation项目评估法 Project Evaluation and Review Technique项目企业经济评价 enterprise's economic appraisal of a project 项目删除 deletion of items项目上端 item top项目社会评价 project's social value appraisal项目设备 project equipment项目设计 item design项目设计工程师负责制 project engineer responsibility system 项目生产 project production项目说明 item des cription项目说明书 specification of an item项目投资时期 investment phase of a project项目图与布置图 project charts and layouts项目网络法 project network technique项目网络分析 project network analysis项目文件 item file项目小组 project group; project team organiztion项目行 item line项目修理通知单 item repairing order项目选择 project selection项目训练法 project training项目研究编目 item study listing项目研究小组 project team项目一次采购法 project purchasing项目一览表 itemized schedule项目预算 program budget; project budget项目预算编制 program budgeting项目政治评价 political appraisal of a project项目支助业务 project supporting services项目执行 project implementation项目执行情况审计报告 project performance audity report (PPAR) 项目指标 project indicators项目转移 item advance项目资金筹措 project financing。
建筑工程术语大全(英汉对照)
建筑工程术语大全1建筑工程 building engineering2建筑工程质量 quality of building engineering1建筑工程building engineering为新建、改建或扩建房屋建筑物和附属构筑物设施所进行的规划、勘察、设计和施工、竣工等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
2建筑工程质量quality of building engineering反映建筑工程满足相关标准规定或合同约定的要求，包括其在安全、使用功能及其在耐久性能、环境保护等方面所有明显的隐含能力的特性总和。
3验收acceptance建筑工程在施工单位自行质量检查评定的基础上，参与建设活动的有关单位共同对检验批、分项、分部、单位工程的质量进行抽样复验，根据相关标准以书面形式对工程质量达到合格与否做出确认。
4进场验收site acceptance对进入施工现场的材料、构配件、设备等按相关标准规定要求进行检验，对产品达到合格与否做出确认。
5检验批inspection lot按同一的生产条件或按规定的方式汇总起来供检验用的，由一定数量样本组成的检验体。
6检验inspection对检验项目中的性能进行量测、检查、试验等，并将结果与标准规定要求进行比较，以确定每项性能是否合格所进行的活动。
7见证取样检测evidential testing在监理单位或建设单位监督下，由施工单位有关人员现场取样，并送至具备相应资质的检测单位所进行的检测。
8交接检验handing over inspection由施工的承接方与完成方经双方检查并对可否继续施工做出确认的活动。
9主控项目dominant item建筑工程中的对安全、卫生、环境保护和公众利益起决定性作用的检验项目。
10一般项目general item除主控项目以外的检验项目。
11抽样检验sampling inspection按照规定的抽样方案，随机地从进场的材料、构配件、设备或建筑工程检验项目中，按检验批抽取一定数量的样本所进行的检验。
建筑专业词汇中英对照(精心整理版)
1DESIGN BASIS 设计依据计划建议书planning proposals设计任务书design order标准规standards and codes条件图information drawing设计基础资料basic data for design工艺流程图process flowchart工程地质资料engineering geological data 原始资料original data设计进度schedule of design2STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段方案scheme, draft草图sketch会谈纪要summary of discussion谈判negotiation可行性研究feasibility study初步设计preliminary design基础设计basic design详细设计detail design询价图enquiry drawing 施工图working drawing, construction drawing竣工图as built drawing3CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件日照sunshine风玫瑰wind rose主导风向prevailing wind direction最大(平均)风速maximum (mean) wind velocity风荷载wind load最大(平均)降雨量maximum (mean) rainfall雷击及闪电thunder and lightning飓风hurricane台风typhoon旋风cyclone降雨强度rainfall intensity年降雨量annual rainfall湿球温度wet bulb temperature干球温度dry bulb temperature冰冻期frost period冰冻线frost line冰冻区frost zone室外计算温度calculating outdoor temperature采暖地区region with heating provision不采暖地区region without heating provision绝对大气压absolute atmospheric pressure相对湿度relative humidity4GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间办公室office服务用房service room换班室shift room休息室rest room (break room)起居室living room浴室bathroom淋浴间shower更衣室locker room厕所lavatory门厅lobby诊室clinic工作间workshop电气开关室switchroom走廊corridor档案室archive电梯机房lift motor room车库garage清洁间cleaning room会议室(正式) conference room 会议室meeting room衣柜间ward robe暖风间H.V.A.C room饭店restaurant餐厅canteen, dining room厨房kitchen入口entrance接待处reception area会计室accountant room秘书室secretary room电气室electrical room控制室control room工长室foreman office开关柜室switch gear前室antecabinet (Ante.)生产区production area 马达控制中心Mcc多功能用房utility room化验室laboratory room经理室manager room披屋(阁楼) penthouse警卫室guard house5ROOFING AND CEILING 屋面及天棚女儿墙parapet雨蓬canopy屋脊roof ridge坡度slope坡跨比pitch分水线water-shed二毡三油2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic附加油毡一层extra ply of felt檐口eave挑檐overhanging eave檐沟eave gutter平屋面flat roof坡屋面pitched roof雨水管downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W.P)汇水面积catchment area泛水flashing排水interior drainage外排水exterior drainage滴水drip屋面排水roof drainage找平层leveling course卷材屋面built-up roofing天棚ceiling檩条purlin屋面板roofing board天花板ceiling board防水层water-proof course检查孔inspection hole人孔manhole吊顶suspended ceiling, false ceiling檐板(窗帘盒) cornice6WALL (CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板)砖墙brick wall砌块墙block wall清水砖墙brick wall without plastering 抹灰墙rendered wall石膏板墙gypsum board, plaster board 空心砖墙hollow brick wall承重墙bearing wall非承重墙non-bearing wall纵墙longitudinal wall横墙transverse wall外墙external (exterior) wall墙internal (interior) wall填充墙filler wall防火墙fire wall窗间墙wall between window空心墙cavity wall压顶coping圈梁gird, girt, girth玻璃隔断glazed wall防潮层damp-proof course (D.P.C)遮阳板sunshade阳台balcony 伸缩缝expansion joint沉降缝settlement joint抗震缝seismic joint复合夹心板sandwich board压型单板corrugated single steel plate外墙板cladding panel复合板composite panel轻质隔断light-weight partition牛腿bracket砖烟囱brick chimney勒脚(基座) plinth7FLOOR AND TRENCH 地面及地沟地坪grade地面和楼面ground and floor素土夯实rammed earth炉渣夯实tamped cinder填土filled earth回填土夯实tamped backfill垫层bedding course, blinding面层covering, finish结合层bonding (binding) course找平层leveling course素水泥浆结合层neat cement binding course混凝土地面concrete floor水泥地面cement floor机器磨平混凝土地面machine trowelledconcrete floor水磨石地面terrazzo flooring马赛克地面mosaic flooring瓷砖地面ceramic tile flooring油地毡地面linoleum flooring预制水磨石地面precast terrazzo flooring硬木花地面hard-wood parquet flooring搁栅joist硬木毛地面hard-wood rough flooring企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring防酸地面acid-resistant floor钢筋混凝土楼板reinforced concrete slab (R.CSlab)乙烯基地面vinyl flooring水磨石嵌条divider strip for terrazzo地面做2％坡floor with 2% slope 集水沟gully集水口gulley排水沟drainage trench沟盖板trench cover活动盖板removable cover plate 集水坑sump pit孔翻边hole up stand电缆沟cable trench8DOORS//WINDOWS门窗木(钢)门wooden (steel) door 镶板门panelled door夹板门plywood door铝合金门aluminum alloy door 卷帘门roller shutter door弹簧门swing door推拉门sliding door平开门side-hung door折叠门folding door旋转门revolving door 玻璃门glazed door密闭门air-Tight door保温门thermal insulating door镀锌铁丝网门galvanized steel wire mesh door防火门fire door(大门上的)小门wicket门框door frame门扇door leaf门洞door opening结构开洞structural opening单扇门single door双扇门double door疏散门emergency door纱门screen door门槛door sill门过梁door lintel上冒头top rail下冒头bottom rail门边木stile门樘侧料side jumb槽口notch木窗wooden window钢窗steel window铝合金窗aluminum alloy window百叶窗(通风为主) sun-bind, louver (louver,shutter, blind)塑钢窗plastic steel window空腹钢窗hollow steel window固定窗fixed window平开窗side-hung window推拉窗sliding window气窗transom上悬窗top-hung window中悬窗center-pivoted window下悬窗hopper window活动百叶窗adjustable louver天窗skylight老虎窗dormer window密封双层玻璃sealed double glazing钢筋混凝土过梁reinforced concrete lintel钢筋砖过梁reinforced brick lintel窗扇casement sash窗台window sill窗台板window board窗中梃mullion窗横木mutin窗边木stile压缝条cover mould窗帘盒curtain box合页(铰链) hinge (butts)转轴pivot长脚铰链parliament hinge 闭门器door closer地弹簧floor closer插销bolt门锁door lock拉手pull链条chain门钩door hanger碰球ball latch窗钩window catch暗插销insert bolt电动开关器electric opener 平板玻璃plate glass夹丝玻璃wire glass透明玻璃clear glass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃) ground glass (frosted glass)防弹玻璃bullet-proof glass石英玻璃quartz glass吸热玻璃heat absorbing glass磨光玻璃polished glass着色玻璃pigmented glass玻璃瓦glass tile玻璃砖glass block有机玻璃organic glass9STAIR/LIFT (ELEVATOR) 楼梯、电梯楼梯stair楼梯间staircase疏散梯emergency stair旋转梯spiral stair (circular stair)吊车梯crane ladder直爬梯vertical ladder踏步step扇形踏步winder (wheel step)踏步板tread档步板riser踏步宽度tread width防滑条non-slip insert (strips)栏杆railing (balustrade)平台栏杆platform railing吊装孔栏杆railing around mounting hole扶手handrail梯段高度height of flight防护梯笼protecting cage (safety cage)平台landing (platform)操作平台operating platform装卸平台platform for loading & unloading楼梯平台stair landing客梯passenger lift货梯goods lift客/货两用梯goods/passenger lift液压电梯hydraulic lift自动扶梯escalator观光电梯observation elevator电梯机房lift mortar room电梯坑lift pit电梯井道lift shaft10BUILDING MATERIAL建筑材料10.1Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦红砖red brick粘土砖clay brick瓷砖glazed brick (ceramic tile)防火砖fire brick空心砖hollow brick面砖facing brick地板砖flooring tile缸砖clinkery brick马赛克mosaic粒混凝土ceramsite concrete琉璃瓦glazed tile脊瓦ridge tile石棉瓦asbestos tile (shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦corrugated asbestos cement sheet 10.2Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石石膏gypsum石marble汉白玉white marble花岗岩granite碎石crushed stone毛石rubble蛭石vermiculite珍珠岩pearlite水磨石terrazzo卵石cobble砾石gravel粗砂course sand中砂medium sand细砂fine sand10.3Cement/Mortar/Concrete 水泥、砂浆、混凝土波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥) Portland cement硅酸盐水泥silicate cement火山灰水泥pozzolana cement白水泥white cement水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆lime mortar水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆) cement-lime mortar保温砂浆thermal mortar防水砂浆water-proof mortar耐酸砂浆acid-resistant mortar耐碱砂浆alkaline-resistant mortar沥青砂浆bituminous mortar纸筋灰paper strip mixed lime mortar麻刀灰hemp cut lime mortar灰缝mortar joint素混凝土plain concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete轻质混凝土lightweight concrete细石混凝土fine aggregate concrete沥青混凝土asphalt concrete泡沫混凝土foamed concrete炉渣混凝土cinder concrete10.4Facing/Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料水刷石granitic plaster斩假石artificial stone刷浆lime wash可赛银casein大白浆white wash麻刀灰打底hemp cuts and lime as base喷大白浆两道sprayed twice with white wash分格抹水泥砂浆cement mortar plaster sectioned板条抹灰lath and plaster10.5Asphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉沥青卷材asphalt felt沥青填料asphalt filler沥青胶泥asphalt grout冷底子油adhesive bitumen primer沥青玛啼脂asphaltic mastic沥青麻丝bitumastic oakum 石棉板asbestos sheet石棉纤维asbestos fiberTimber 木材裂缝crack透裂split环裂shake干缩shrinkage翘曲warping原木log圆木round timber方木square timber板材plank木条batten板条lath木板board红松red pine白松white pine落叶松deciduous pine云杉spruce柏木cypress白white poplar桦木birch冷杉fir栎木oak榴木willow榆木elm杉木cedar柚木teak樟木camphor wood防腐处理的木材preservative-treated lumber胶合板plywood三(五)合板3(5)-plywood企口板tongued and grooved board层夹板laminated plank胶合层夹木材glue-laminated lumber纤维板fiber-board竹子bamboo10.6Metallic Materials 金属材料黑色金属ferrous metal圆钢steelbBar方钢square steel扁钢steel strap,flat steel型钢steel section (shape)槽钢channel角钢angle steel等边角钢equal-leg angle不等边角钢unequal-leg angle工字钢I-beam宽翼缘工字钢wide flange I-beam丁( 之)字钢T-bar (Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢light gauge cold-formed steel shape热轧hot-rolled冷轧cold-rolled冷拉cold-drawn冷压cold-pressed合金钢alloy steel钛合金titanium alloy不锈钢stainless steel竹节钢筋corrugated steel bar变形钢筋deformed bar光圆钢筋plain round bar钢板steel plate 薄钢板thin steel plate低碳钢low carbon steel冷弯cold bending钢管steel pipe (tube)无缝钢管seamless steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe黑铁管iron pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe铸铁cast iron生铁pig iron熟铁wrought iron镀锌铁皮galvanized steel sheet镀锌铁丝galvanized steel wire钢丝网steel wire mesh多孔金属网expanded metal锰钢managanese steel高强度合金钢high strength alloy steel10.7Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属金gold白金platinum铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze银silver铝aluminum铅lead10.8Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料聚乙烯polythene, polyethylene尼龙nylon聚氯乙烯PVC (polyvinyl chloride)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate聚苯乙烯polystyrene丙烯酸树酯acrylic resin乙烯基酯vinyl ester橡胶衬rubber lining氯丁橡胶neoprene沥青漆bitumen paint环氧树脂漆epoxy resin paint氧化锌底漆zinc oxide primer防锈漆anti-rust paint耐酸漆acid-resistant paint耐碱漆alkali-resistant paint水玻璃sodium silicate树脂砂浆resin-bonded mortar环氧树脂epoxy resin10.9Building Hardware 建筑五金钉子nails螺纹屋面钉spiral-threaded roofing nail环纹石膏板钉annular-ring gypsum board nail 螺丝screws平头螺丝flat-head screw螺栓bolt普通螺栓commercial bolt高强螺栓high strength bolt预埋螺栓insert bolt胀锚螺栓cinch bolt垫片washer10.10Paint 油漆底漆primer防锈底漆rust-inhibitive primer防腐漆anti-corrosion paint调和漆mixed paint无光漆flat paint 透明漆varnish银粉漆aluminum paint磁漆enamel paint干性油drying oil稀释剂thinner焦油tar沥青漆asphalt paint桐油tung oil, Chinese wood oil红丹red lead铅油lead oil腻子putty11OTHER其它建筑术语11.1Discipline 专业建筑architecture土木civil给排水water supply and drainage总图plot plan采暖通风H.V.A.C电力供应electric power supply电气照明electric lighting电讯telecommunication仪表instrument热力供应heat power supply动力mechanical power工艺process technology管道piping11.2Conventional T erms 一般通用名词建筑原理architectonics建筑形式architectural style民用建筑civil architecture城市建筑urban architecture农村建筑rural architecture农业建筑farm building工业建筑industrial building重工业的heavy industrial轻工业的light industrial古代建筑ancient architecture现代建筑modern architecture标准化建筑standardized buildings附属建筑auxiliary buildings城市规划city planning厂区within site厂区外offsite封闭式closed type开敞式open type半开敞式semi-open type模数制modular system单位造价unit cost概算preliminary estimate承包商constructor, contractor 现场site扩建extension改建reconstruction防火fire-prevention防震aseismatic, quake-proof 防腐anti-corrosion防潮dump-proof防水water-proof防尘dust-proof防锈rust-proof车流量traffic volume货流量freight traffic volume 人流量pedestrian volume透视图perspective drawing建筑模型building model11.3Architectural Physics 建筑物理照明illumination照度degree of illumination亮度brightness日照sunshine天然采光natural lighting光强light intensity侧光side light顶光top light眩光glaze方位角azimuth辐射radiation对流convection传导conduction遮阳sun-shade保温thermal insulation恒温constant temperature恒湿constant humidity噪音noise隔音sound-proof吸音sound absorption露点dew point隔汽vapor-proof11.4Name Of Professional role 职务名称项目经理project manager (PM)设计经理design manager首席建筑师principal architect总工程师chief engineer土木工程师civil engineer工艺工程师process engineer电气工程师electrical engineer机械工程师mechanical engineer计划工程师planning engineer助理工程师assistant engineer实习生probationer专家specialist, expert制图员draftsman技术员technician11.5Drafting 制图总说明general specification工程说明project specification采用标准规目录list of standards and specification adopted图纸目录list of drawings平面图plan局部放大图detail with enlarged scale ．．．平面示意图schematic plan of... ．．．平剖面图sectional plan of...留孔平面图plan of provision of holes 剖面section纵剖面longitudinal section横剖面cross (transverse) section立面elevation正立面front elevation透视图perspective drawing侧立面side elevation背立面back elevation详图detail drawings典型节点typical detail 节点号detail No.首页front page图纸目录及说明list of contents and description图例legend示意图diagram草图sketch荷载简图load diagram流程示意图flow diagram标准图standard drawing．．．布置图layout of ...地形图topographical map土方工程图earth-work drawing展开图developed drawing模板图formwork drawing配筋arrangement of reinforcement表格tables工程进度表working schedule技术经济指标technical and economical index建、构筑物一览表list of buildings and structures编号coding序列号serial No.行和栏rows and columns备注remarks等级grade直线straight Line曲线curves曲折线zigzag line虚线dotted line实线solid line影线hatching line点划线dot and dash line轴线axis等高线contour Line中心线center Line双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola切线tangent Line尺寸线dimension Line园形round环形annular方形square矩形rectangle平行四边形parallelogram 三角形triangle五角形pentagon六角形hexagon八角形octagon梯形trapezoid圆圈circle弓形sagment扇形sector球形的spherical抛物面paraboloid圆锥形cone椭圆形ellipse, oblong面积area体积volume容量capacity重量weight质量mass力force米meter厘米centimeter 毫米millimeter公顷hectate牛顿/平方米Newton/square meter千克/立方米kilogram/cubic meter英尺foot英寸inch磅pound吨ton加仑gallon千磅kip平均尺寸average dimension变尺寸variable dimension外形尺寸overall dimension展开尺寸developed dimension径inside diameter外径outside diameter净重net weight毛重gross weight数量quantity百分比percentage净空clearance净高headroom净距clear distance净跨clear span截面尺寸sectional dimension开间bay进深depth单跨single span双跨double span多跨multi-span标高elevation, level绝对标高absolute elevation设计标高designed elevation室外地面标高ground elevation室地面标高floor elevation柱网column grid坐标coordinate厂区占地site area使用面积usable area辅助面积service area通道面积passage area管架pipe rack管廊pipeline gallery架空管线overhead pipeline排水沟drain ditch集水坑sump pit喷泉fountain地漏floor drain消火栓fire hydrant灭火器fire extinguisher二氧化碳灭火器carbon dioxide extinguisher 卤代烷灭火器halon extinguisher。
建筑专业词汇中英对照(精心整理版)(可编辑修改word版)
1DESIGN BASIS 设计依据计划建议书planning proposals设计任务书design order标准规范standards and codes条件图information drawing设计基础资料basic data for design工艺流程图process flowchart工程地质资料engineering geological data 原始资料original data设计进度schedule of design2STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段方案scheme, draft 草图sketch会谈纪要summary of discussion谈判negotiation可行性研究feasibility study初步设计preliminary design基础设计basic design详细设计detail design询价图enquiry drawing施工图working drawing, construction drawing竣工图as built drawing3CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件日照sunshine风玫瑰wind rose主导风向prevailing wind direction最大(平均)风速maximum (mean) wind velocity风荷载wind load最大(平均)降雨量maximum (mean) rainfall雷击及闪电thunder and lightning飓风hurricane台风typhoon旋风cyclone降雨强度rainfall intensity年降雨量annual rainfall湿球温度wet bulb temperature干球温度dry bulb temperature冰冻期frost period冰冻线frost line冰冻区frost zone室外计算温度calculating outdoor temperature 采暖地区region with heating provision不采暖地区region without heating provision 绝对大气压absolute atmospheric pressure 相对湿度relative humidity4GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间办公室office服务用房service room换班室shift room休息室rest room (break room)起居室living room 浴室bathroom淋浴间shower更衣室locker room厕所lavatory门厅lobby诊室clinic工作间workshop电气开关室switchroom走廊corridor档案室archive电梯机房lift motor room车库garage清洁间cleaning room会议室(正式) conference room会议室meeting room衣柜间ward robe暖风间H.V.A.C room饭店restaurant餐厅canteen, dining room厨房kitchen入口entrance接待处reception area会计室accountant room秘书室secretary room电气室electrical room控制室control room工长室foreman office开关柜室switch gear前室antecabinet (Ante.)生产区production area马达控制中心Mcc多功能用房utility room化验室laboratory room经理室manager room披屋(阁楼) penthouse警卫室guard house5ROOFING AND CEILING 屋面及天棚女儿墙parapet雨蓬canopy 屋脊roof ridge坡度slope坡跨比pitch分水线water-shed二毡三油2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic附加油毡一层extra ply of felt檐口eave挑檐overhanging eave檐沟eave gutter平屋面flat roof坡屋面pitched roof雨水管downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W.P)汇水面积catchment area泛水flashing内排水interior drainage外排水exterior drainage滴水drip屋面排水roof drainage找平层leveling course卷材屋面built-up roofing天棚ceiling檩条purlin屋面板roofing board天花板ceiling board防水层water-proof course检查孔inspection hole人孔manhole吊顶suspended ceiling, false ceiling檐板(窗帘盒) cornice6WALL (CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板) 砖墙brick wall砌块墙block wall清水砖墙brick wall without plastering抹灰墙rendered wall石膏板墙gypsum board, plaster board空心砖墙hollow brick wall承重墙bearing wall非承重墙non-bearing wall纵墙longitudinal wall 横墙transverse wall外墙external (exterior) wall内墙internal (interior) wall填充墙filler wall防火墙fire wall窗间墙wall between window空心墙cavity wall压顶coping圈梁gird, girt, girth玻璃隔断glazed wall防潮层damp-proof course (D.P.C)遮阳板sunshade阳台balcony伸缩缝expansion joint沉降缝settlement joint抗震缝seismic joint复合夹心板sandwich board压型单板corrugated single steel plate外墙板cladding panel复合板composite panel轻质隔断light-weight partition牛腿bracket砖烟囱brick chimney勒脚(基座) plinth7FLOOR AND TRENCH 地面及地沟地坪grade地面和楼面ground and floor素土夯实rammed earth炉渣夯实tamped cinder填土filled earth回填土夯实tamped backfill垫层bedding course, blinding面层covering, finish结合层bonding (binding) course找平层leveling course素水泥浆结合层neat cement binding course混凝土地面concrete floor水泥地面cement floor机器磨平混凝土地面machine trowelled concrete floor水磨石地面terrazzo flooring马赛克地面mosaic flooring瓷砖地面ceramic tile flooring油地毡地面linoleum flooring预制水磨石地面precast terrazzo flooring硬木花地面hard-wood parquet flooring搁栅joist硬木毛地面hard-wood rough flooring企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring防酸地面acid-resistant floor钢筋混凝土楼板reinforced concrete slab (R.CSlab)乙烯基地面vinyl flooring水磨石嵌条divider strip for terrazzo地面做2％坡floor with 2% slope集水沟gully集水口gulley排水沟drainage trench沟盖板trench cover活动盖板removable cover plate集水坑sump pit孔翻边hole up stand电缆沟cable trench8DOORS//WINDOWS 门窗木(钢)门wooden (steel) door镶板门panelled door夹板门plywood door铝合金门aluminum alloy door卷帘门roller shutter door弹簧门swing door推拉门sliding door平开门side-hung door折叠门folding door旋转门revolving door玻璃门glazed door密闭门air-Tight door保温门thermal insulating door镀锌铁丝网门galvanized steel wire mesh door 防火门fire door(大门上的)小门wicket门框door frame门扇door leaf门洞door opening结构开洞structural opening单扇门single door双扇门double door疏散门emergency door纱门screen door门槛door sill门过梁door lintel上冒头top rail下冒头bottom rail门边木stile门樘侧料side jumb槽口notch木窗wooden window钢窗steel window铝合金窗aluminum alloy window百叶窗(通风为主) sun-bind, louver (louver,shutter, blind)塑钢窗plastic steel window空腹钢窗hollow steel window固定窗fixed window平开窗side-hung window推拉窗sliding window气窗transom上悬窗top-hung window中悬窗center-pivoted window下悬窗hopper window活动百叶窗adjustable louver天窗skylight老虎窗dormer window密封双层玻璃sealed double glazing钢筋混凝土过梁reinforced concrete lintel 钢筋砖过梁reinforced brick lintel窗扇casement sash窗台window sill 窗台板window board窗中梃mullion窗横木mutin窗边木stile压缝条cover mould窗帘盒curtain box合页(铰链) hinge (butts)转轴pivot长脚铰链parliament hinge闭门器door closer地弹簧floor closer插销bolt门锁door lock拉手pull链条chain门钩door hanger碰球ball latch窗钩window catch暗插销insert bolt电动开关器electric opener平板玻璃plate glass夹丝玻璃wire glass透明玻璃clear glass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃) ground glass (frosted glass)防弹玻璃bullet-proof glass石英玻璃quartz glass吸热玻璃heat absorbing glass磨光玻璃polished glass着色玻璃pigmented glass玻璃瓦glass tile玻璃砖glass block有机玻璃organic glass9STAIR/LIFT (ELEVATOR) 楼梯、电梯楼梯stair楼梯间staircase疏散梯emergency stair旋转梯spiral stair (circular stair)吊车梯crane ladder直爬梯vertical ladder 踏步step扇形踏步winder (wheel step)踏步板tread档步板riser踏步宽度tread width防滑条non-slip insert (strips)栏杆railing (balustrade)平台栏杆platform railing吊装孔栏杆railing around mounting hole扶手handrail梯段高度height of flight防护梯笼protecting cage (safety cage)平台landing (platform)操作平台operating platform装卸平台platform for loading & unloading楼梯平台stair landing客梯passenger lift货梯goods lift客/货两用梯goods/passenger lift液压电梯hydraulic lift自动扶梯escalator观光电梯observation elevator电梯机房lift mortar room电梯坑lift pit电梯井道lift shaft10BUILDING MATERIAL 建筑材料10.1Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦红砖red brick粘土砖clay brick瓷砖glazed brick (ceramic tile)防火砖fire brick空心砖hollow brick面砖facing brick地板砖flooring tile缸砖clinkery brick马赛克mosaic陶粒混凝土ceramsite concrete琉璃瓦glazed tile 脊瓦ridge tile石棉瓦asbestos tile (shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦corrugated asbestos cementsheet10.2Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石石膏gypsum大理石marble汉白玉white marble花岗岩granite碎石crushed stone毛石rubble蛭石vermiculite珍珠岩pearlite水磨石terrazzo卵石cobble砾石gravel粗砂course sand中砂medium sand细砂fine sand10.3Cement/Mortar/Concrete 水泥、砂浆、混凝土波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥) Portland cement硅酸盐水泥silicate cement火山灰水泥pozzolana cement白水泥white cement水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆lime mortar水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆) cement-lime mortar 保温砂浆thermal mortar防水砂浆water-proof mortar耐酸砂浆acid-resistant mortar耐碱砂浆alkaline-resistant mortar沥青砂浆bituminous mortar纸筋灰paper strip mixed lime mortar麻刀灰hemp cut lime mortar灰缝mortar joint素混凝土plain concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete 细石混凝土fine aggregate concrete沥青混凝土asphalt concrete泡沫混凝土foamed concrete炉渣混凝土cinder concrete10.4Facing/Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料水刷石granitic plaster斩假石artificial stone刷浆lime wash可赛银casein大白浆white wash麻刀灰打底hemp cuts and lime as base喷大白浆两道sprayed twice with white wash板条抹灰lath and plaster10.5Asphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉沥青卷材asphalt felt沥青填料asphalt filler沥青胶泥asphalt grout冷底子油adhesive bitumen primer沥青玛啼脂asphaltic mastic沥青麻丝bitumastic oakum石棉板asbestos sheet石棉纤维asbestos fiberTimber 木材裂缝crack轻质混凝土lightweight concrete 分格抹水泥砂浆cement mortar plaster sectioned 透裂split环裂shake 云杉spruce 三(五)合板3(5)-plywood干缩shrinkage 柏木cypress 企口板tongued and grooved board 翘曲warping 白杨white poplar 层夹板laminated plank原木log 桦木birch 胶合层夹木材glue-laminated lumber 圆木round timber 冷杉fir 纤维板fiber-board方木square timber 栎木oak 竹子bamboo板材plank 榴木willow 10.6Metallic Materials 金属材料木条batten 榆木elm 黑色金属ferrous metal板条lath 杉木cedar 圆钢steelbBar木板board 柚木teak 方钢square steel红松red pine 樟木camphor wood 扁钢steel strap,flat steel白松white pine落叶松deciduous pine 防腐处理的木材preservative-treated lumber胶合板plywood型钢steel section (shape)槽钢channel角钢angle steel等边角钢equal-leg angle不等边角钢unequal-leg angle工字钢I-beam宽翼缘工字钢wide flange I-beam丁( 之)字钢T-bar (Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢light gauge cold-formed steel shape热轧hot-rolled冷轧cold-rolled冷拉cold-drawn冷压cold-pressed合金钢alloy steel 钛合金titanium alloy不锈钢stainless steel竹节钢筋corrugated steel bar变形钢筋deformed bar光圆钢筋plain round bar钢板steel plate薄钢板thin steel plate低碳钢low carbon steel冷弯cold bending钢管steel pipe (tube)无缝钢管seamless steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe黑铁管iron pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe铸铁cast iron生铁pig iron熟铁wrought iron镀锌铁皮galvanized steel sheet镀锌铁丝galvanized steel wire钢丝网steel wire mesh多孔金属网expanded metal锰钢managanese steel高强度合金钢high strength alloy steel10.7Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属金gold白金platinum铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze银silver铝aluminum铅lead10.8Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料聚乙烯polythene, polyethylene尼龙nylon聚氯乙烯PVC (polyvinyl chloride)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate聚苯乙烯polystyrene丙烯酸树酯acrylic resin 乙烯基酯vinyl ester橡胶内衬rubber lining氯丁橡胶neoprene沥青漆bitumen paint环氧树脂漆epoxy resin paint氧化锌底漆zinc oxide primer防锈漆anti-rust paint耐酸漆acid-resistant paint耐碱漆alkali-resistant paint水玻璃sodium silicate树脂砂浆resin-bonded mortar环氧树脂epoxy resin10.9Building Hardware 建筑五金钉子nails螺纹屋面钉spiral-threaded roofing nail环纹石膏板钉annular-ring gypsum board nail螺丝screws平头螺丝flat-head screw螺栓bolt普通螺栓commercial bolt高强螺栓high strength bolt预埋螺栓insert bolt胀锚螺栓cinch bolt垫片washer10.10Paint 油漆底漆primer防锈底漆rust-inhibitive primer 防腐漆anti-corrosion paint调和漆mixed paint无光漆flat paint透明漆varnish银粉漆aluminum paint磁漆enamel paint干性油drying oil稀释剂thinner焦油tar沥青漆asphalt paint 桐油tung oil, Chinese wood oil红丹red lead铅油lead oil腻子putty11OTHER 其它建筑术语11.1Discipline 专业建筑architecture土木civil给排水water supply and drainage总图plot plan采暖通风H.V.A.C电力供应electric power supply电气照明electric lighting电讯telecommunication仪表instrument热力供应heat power supply动力mechanical power工艺process technology管道piping11.2Conventional Terms 一般通用名词建筑原理architectonics建筑形式architectural style民用建筑civil architecture城市建筑urban architecture农村建筑rural architecture农业建筑farm building工业建筑industrial building重工业的heavy industrial轻工业的light industrial古代建筑ancient architecture现代建筑modern architecture标准化建筑standardized buildings 附属建筑auxiliary buildings城市规划city planning厂区内within site厂区外offsite封闭式closed type开敞式open type半开敞式semi-open type 模数制modular system单位造价unit cost概算preliminary estimate承包商constructor, contractor现场site扩建extension改建reconstruction防火fire-prevention防震aseismatic, quake-proof防腐anti-corrosion防潮dump-proof防水water-proof防尘dust-proof防锈rust-proof车流量traffic volume货流量freight traffic volume人流量pedestrian volume透视图perspective drawing建筑模型building model11.3Architectural Physics 建筑物理照明illumination照度degree of illumination亮度brightness日照sunshine天然采光natural lighting光强light intensity侧光side light顶光top light眩光glaze方位角azimuth辐射radiation对流convection传导conduction遮阳sun-shade保温thermal insulation恒温constant temperature 恒湿constant humidity噪音noise隔音sound-proof 吸音sound absorption露点dew point隔汽vapor-proof11.4Name Of Professional role 职务名称项目经理project manager (PM)设计经理design manager首席建筑师principal architect总工程师chief engineer土木工程师civil engineer工艺工程师process engineer电气工程师electrical engineer机械工程师mechanical engineer计划工程师planning engineer助理工程师assistant engineer实习生probationer专家specialist, expert制图员draftsman技术员technician11.5Drafting 制图总说明general specification工程说明project specification采用标准规范目录list of standards andspecification adopted图纸目录list of drawings平面图plan局部放大图detail with enlarged scale．．平面示意图schematic plan of... ．．平剖面图sectional plan of...留孔平面图plan of provision of holes 剖面section纵剖面longitudinal section横剖面cross (transverse) section立面elevation正立面front elevation透视图perspective drawing侧立面side elevation背立面back elevation详图detail drawings典型节点typical detail 节点号detail No.首页front page图纸目录及说明list of contents and description图例legend示意图diagram草图sketch荷载简图load diagram流程示意图flow diagram标准图standard drawing．．布置图layout of ...地形图topographical map土方工程图earth-work drawing展开图developed drawing模板图formwork drawing配筋arrangement of reinforcement表格tables工程进度表working schedule技术经济指标technical and economical index建、构筑物一览表list of buildings and structures编号coding序列号serial No.行和栏rows and columns备注remarks等级grade直线straight Line曲线curves曲折线zigzag line虚线dotted line实线solid line影线hatching line点划线dot and dash line 轴线axis等高线contour Line中心线center Line双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola切线tangent Line尺寸线dimension Line 园形round 环形annular方形square矩形rectangle平行四边形parallelogram三角形triangle五角形pentagon六角形hexagon八角形octagon梯形trapezoid圆圈circle弓形sagment扇形sector球形的spherical抛物面paraboloid圆锥形cone椭圆形ellipse, oblong面积area体积volume容量capacity重量weight质量mass力force米meter厘米centimeter毫米millimeter公顷hectate牛顿/平方米Newton/square meter 千克/立方米kilogram/cubic meter 英尺foot英寸inch磅pound吨ton加仑gallon千磅kip平均尺寸average dimension变尺寸variable dimension外形尺寸overall dimension展开尺寸developed dimension内径inside diameter 外径outside diameter净重net weight毛重gross weight数量quantity百分比percentage净空clearance净高headroom净距clear distance净跨clear span截面尺寸sectional dimension开间bay进深depth单跨single span双跨double span多跨multi-span标高elevation, level绝对标高absolute elevation设计标高designed elevation室外地面标高ground elevation室内地面标高floor elevation柱网column grid坐标coordinate厂区占地site area使用面积usable area辅助面积service area通道面积passage area管架pipe rack管廊pipeline gallery架空管线overhead pipeline排水沟drain ditch集水坑sump pit喷泉fountain地漏floor drain消火栓fire hydrant灭火器fire extinguisher二氧化碳灭火器carbon dioxide extinguisher 卤代烷灭火器halon extinguisher。
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1．设计指标：statistics用地面积：site area建筑占地面积：building foot print总建筑面积：total area建筑面积floor area，building area地上建筑面积：ground area地下建筑面积：underground area整体面积需求: Demand for built area公共绿地：public green land备用地用地：reserved land容积率：FAR建筑密度：building coverage绿地率：green ratio绿化率：green landscape ratio建筑高度：building height层数：number of floors停车位：parking unit地面停车：ground parking地下停车：underground parking使用面积：usable area公用面积：public area实用面积：effective area居住面积：living area计租面积rental area?租用面积得房率：effien开间bay进深depth跨度span坡度：slope，grade净空：clearance净高：clear height净空（楼梯间下）：headroom净距：clear distance套内面积：unit constraction area公摊面积：shared public area竣工面积：辅助面积：service area结构面积：structural area交通面积：communication area，passage area共有建筑面积：common building area共有建筑面积分摊系数：common building area amount coefficient公用建筑面积：public building area销售面积：sales area 绿化覆盖率：green coverage ratio层高：floor height净高：clear height公用建筑面积分摊系数：public building area amount coefficient住宅用地：residential area其他用地：公共服务设施用地：land for public facilities道路用地：land for roads公共绿地：public green space道路红线：road property line建筑线（建筑红线）：set back line用地红线：property line，boundary line第一轮：1st round计划和程序：schedule and program工程进度表：working schedule构造材料表：list of building materials and construction设计说明：design statement图纸目录和说明：list of drawings and descriptions项目标准：project standards总结：conclusion文本及陈述：封皮：cover目录：content技术经济指标：technical and economical index概念规划设计：conceptual master paln and architectural design基地分析：location analysis项目区位分析图：description of the region site and city space view analyze概念构思说明：chief design concept指导思想（设计主旨）：key concepts概述：introduction宗旨：mission statement愿景及设计效果：vision and design concept城市空间景观分析：urban space landscape identity绿化景观分析：landscape analysis交通分析：traffic analysis生态系统：ecological system地块A：area A模型照片：model images案例分析：case study草图：sketches设计构思草图：concept sketches规划总平面图：site plan鸟瞰图：bird view功能分区图：function organization单体透视图：unit perspective1-1剖面图：section 1-1立面图：elevation沿街立面图：street elevation平面图：plan地下一层平面图：basement plan；B1 plan首层平面图：F1 plan；ground floor plan二层平面图：2F floor plan设计阶段stages of design草图sketch方案scheme初步设计preliminary design施工图working drawing平面图plan平面放大图plan in enlarged scale剖面图section立面图elevation节点详图detail drawing透视图perspective drawings鸟瞰图birds-eye view示意图schematic diagram区划图block plan位置图location示意图：schematic diagram背景介绍：project background报告书目的：purpose of report专案区位背景：Context of 。
区域交通架构：regional circulation framework区域活动架构：regional district framework区域发展架构：regional development framework 基地分析：site understanding现状土地利用：existing land use现状交通系统：existing circulation现状城市机理：existing city fabric机遇与限制：opportunities and constrains经济分析与策略：economic strategies房地产经济：real estate market标高elevation绝对标高absolute elevation 相对标高relative elevation设计标高designed elevation海拔标高：altitude elevation above sea level坐标ordinate基准点datum mark等高线contour line高差difference in elevation土方工程量volume of earthwork技术经济指标technical and economic index设计进度period of design设计范围scope of design方案比较scheme comparison，alter-native for competition 建筑形式architectural style自然条件natural condition风玫瑰图wind rose地形图graphical map现场勘查field inspection地质勘察资料geological exploration data城建规划部门city planning department防火等级fire resistance rating城市干道city thoroughfares回车场turnarounds地下水：subsurface water，ground water地表水：surface water汇水面积：water shed area，catchment area洪水位：flood（tide）level综合管沟：combination of pipe line循环水系统：circulating water system消防系统：hydrant system雨水：rain water，storm water，drain water雨水管（雨落管）：down pipe，rain water pipe淋浴喷头：shower pipe水泵：water pump透明度：transparency化粪池：septic tank管井：tube well雨水井：gully合成树脂：synthetic resin晶体：crystal检修孔：inspection hole，access hole建筑设计规范code for architectural design 防火规范fire protection standards建造投资investment of construction景观设计landscaping概算：budgetary estimate预算：budget决算：final accounts建筑绘图常用词线条：lines曲线：curve虚线：dotted line实线：full line斜线：bias line双曲线：hyperbola；hyperbole轴线：axis定位轴线：locating axis中心线：center line等高线：contour line箭头：arrow索引：index垂直：vertical水平：horizontal平行：parallel横向的：transverse横向尺寸：sectional dimension几何图形：geometrical figure圆形：round方形：square矩形：rectangle平行四边形：parallelogram六角形：hexagon梯形：trapezoid椭圆形：elliptic oval扇形：sector直角：right angle圆角：rounded angle半径：radius直径：diameter外径：outside diameter内径：inside diameter 长度：length展开长度：developed length总长：overall length宽度：width高度：height厚度：thickness薄：thin深度：depth单位：units公里：kilometer米：meter分米：decimeter（dm）厘米：centimeter（cm）毫米：millimeter（mm）重量：weight净重：net weight总重：total weight公斤：kilogram克：gram吨:ton度：degree体积：volume数量：quantity公升：litter百分率：percentage描图纸：tracing paper一般建筑材料、建筑构件常用词轴线，定位轴线：axis , locating axis 对称：symmetry结构：structure细节设计：Detailing视线：Sightline板：Plank热桥：Thermal bridge斜线：Oblique line扶手：handrail, railing钢结构：steel structure饰面材料：facing materials风口：air duct封堵：Sealing主墙：Chief Wall铝板：Aluminum Sheet真空保温板：Vip=Vacuum insulation panel 保温：thermal insulation吸音：sound absorption耐火材料：non-inflammable materials磨砂玻璃：sandblased glass，rubbed glass 玻璃砖：glass brick油漆：paint金：gold银：silves铜（紫铜）：copper黄铜：brass青铜：bronze铝：aluminium铸钢：cast steel不锈钢：stainless steel纤维板：fibre board铁钉：nails铆钉：rivet螺丝：screw螺栓：bolt高强螺栓：high strength tensile bolt钢筋混凝土：reinforced concrete砂浆：mortar水泥：cement水磨石：terrazzo大理石：marble花岗岩：granite石膏：gypsum面砖：tile瓷砖：enameled brick釉面砖：glazed tile琉璃砖：terra cotta砖：brick马赛克：mosaic卫生器具：sanitary fixture马桶：closet bowl（pan）蹲坑：squatting pan小便斗：urinal洗脸盆：wash basin妇洗器：bidet洗涤盆，水池：sink浴缸：bathtub淋浴：shower地漏：floor drain水龙头：tap 毛巾架：towel rack肥皂盒：soap holder手纸盒：toilet paper holder污水池：sewage sink厨房水池：kitchen sink起重机，吊车：crane，monorail壁柜：closet消火栓：fire hydrant窗帘：curtain窗帘盒：curtain box窗台板：window board外窗台：sill老虎窗：dormer window天窗：skylight，monitor百叶窗：shutter纱窗：screen window卷帘门：rolling shutter door旋转门：revolving door折门：folding door弹簧门：swing door双向弹簧门：double acting sping door防火门：fire door一般建筑房间名词梯田，屋子平顶，倾斜的平地：Terrace 柱子：Column小块土地：Plot玄关：foyer隔断：partition过道：passageway标准层：standard floor阳台：balcony平台：terrace中庭：atrium走廊：corridor, passageway遮雨篷（遮阳篷）：awning入口：entrance地下室：basement, cellar半地下室：semi basement, sub basement公安局：police station法院：court house检察院：procuratorate台北国际大厦：taibei international building广播电视东方中心：oriental broadcasting & TV station 东方商务广场：oriental business concourse综合行政中心：comprehensive administrative centre和建筑有关的名词和形容词：理性：rational；logos浪漫：romatic自然：nature科技：technology放松：relaxation活化：reinvigoration逻辑：logic混乱：confusion有秩序的：regular完整的：integrated；whole整齐：in order；orderliness杂乱无章：scattered and disorderly沉重：ponderosity可持续发展：sustainable development弹性：flexible多元化：diverse创造：creativity启发：inspiration人为环境：man-made environment自然环境：natural environment循环：cycle二元：duality摘要：abstract关键词：key words象征，代表：symbol发展适宜性分析：Developments suitability analysis环境分析：environmental analysis土地使用测略：land use strategy规划备选方案：Alternative master plans土地使用平面：land use map开放空间架构：open space framework开放空间系统：open space system区域中心：Regional/focal point景观轴线：green axis/ finger山谷/溪流：valley/ creek水体：water body绿色屏障：green backdrop山顶：hill top 景观视线分析：visual quality analysis制高点：high point景观点：visual focal point标志性建筑群：signature buildings地标建筑：landmark tower视线通廊：view corridor视觉景锥（视角）：view cone（angle）交通动线系统：circulation hierarchy城市干道：express way，city major road主干道：primary road次干道：secondary road支路：community street交通节点：transit node景观环路：scenic loop公交终点站：bus terminal特钲分区：district character分期开发：phasing plan一期：phasing 1详细规划：detail control guideline土地需求总量分析：land demand analysis规划结构：planning framework启动项目：pilot projects邓加湖社区：dengjia lake community创意街区：creative district湖畔社区：lakeside community景观设计概念：landscape design concepts主要区域：key areas感受：to feel交流：to interact颂赞：to embrace视觉景观/认知景观：visual landscape / perceptual landscape景观分区：landscape focal point景观风格分区：landscape identity软景和硬景：soft and hard edges水之广场：water front plaza亲水步阶：steps to water草坡休闲椅：seat walls on slopping lawn散步道：promenade眺望点：look out point大草坪：the grand lawn塔：tower野餐聚集地：picnic area创意空间：multi purpose open space水岸步道：water front board work绿廊：green corridor声乐雕塑公园：sound sculpture park地块界线：parcel line建议岸线：proposed lake edge原有岸线：existing lake edge开放空间：open space水闸：water gate水坝：dam绿色建筑设计：green building design节能，有能源效果的：Energy-efficient建筑生态化：eco-architecture生态复育：ecological restoration热的：Thermal热封闭：Thermal envelope一、英美制到公制换算Linear Measure 长度单位:1 inch 英寸=25.4 millimetres 毫米1 foot 英尺=12 inches 英寸=0.3048 metre 米1 yard 码=3 feet 英尺=0.9144 metre 米1 (statute) mile 英里=1760 yards 码=1.609 kilometres 千米1 nautical mile 海里=1852 m. 米Square Measure 面积单位:1 square inch 平方英寸=***5 sq.centimetres 平方厘米1 square foot 平方英尺=144 sq.in.平方英寸=9.29 sq.decimetres 平方分米1 square yard 平方码=9 sq.ft. 平方英尺=0.836 sq.metre 平方米1 acre 英亩=4840 sq.yd.平方码=0.405 hectare 公顷1 square mile 平方英里=640 acres 英亩=259 hectares 公顷Cubic Measure 体积单位:1 cubic inch 立方英寸=1*** cu.centimetres 立方厘米1 cubic foot 立方英尺=1728 cu.in. 立方英寸=0.0283 cu.metre 立方米1 cubic yard 立方码=27 cu.ft. 立方英尺=0.765 cu.metre 立方米Capacity Measure 容积单位:1、Britich 英制1 pint 品脱=20 fluid oz. 液量盎司=34.68 cu.in. 立方英寸=0.568 litre 升1 quart 夸脱=2 pints 品脱=1.136 litres 升1 gallon 加伦=4 quarts 夸脱=4.546 litres 升1 peck 配克=2 gallons 加伦=9.092 litres 升1 bushel 蒲式耳=4 pecks 配克=3*** litres 升1 quarter 八蒲式耳=8 bushels 蒲式耳=2.91 hectolitres 百升2．1、American dry 美制干量1 pint 品脱=33.60 cu.in. 立方英寸=0.550 litre 升1 quart 夸脱=2 pints 品脱=1.101 litres 升1 peck 配克=8 quarts 夸脱=8.81 litres 升1 bushel 蒲式耳=4 pecks 配克=35.3 litres 升2．2、American liquid 美制液量1 pint 品脱=16 fluid oz. 液量盎司=28.88 cu.in. 立方英寸=0.473 litre 升1 quart 夸脱=2 pints 品脱=0.946 litre 升1 gallon 加伦=4 quarts 夸脱=3.785 litres 升Avoirdupois Weight 常衡单位:1 grain 格令=0.065 gram 克1 dram 打兰=1.772 grams 克1 ounce 盎司=16 drams 打兰=28.35 grams 克1 pound 磅=16 ounces 盎司=7000 grains 谷=0.4536 kilogram 千克1 stone 英石=14 pounds 磅=6.35 kilograms 千克1 quarter 四分之一英担=2 stones 英石=12.70 kilograms 千克1 hundredweight 英担=4 quarters 四分之一英担=50.80 kilograms 千克1 short ton 短吨(美吨)=2000 pounds 磅=0.907 tonne 公吨1 (long) ton 长吨(英吨)=20 hundredweight 英担=1.016 tonnes 公吨二、公制到英制换算Linear Measure 长度单位:1 millimetre 毫米=0.03937 inch 英寸1 centimetre 厘米=10 mm. 毫米=0.3937 inch 英寸1 decimetre 分米=10 cm. 厘米=3.937 inches 英寸1 metre 米=10 dm. 分米=1.0936 yards 码=3.2808 feet 英尺1 decametre 十米=10 m. 米=10.936 yards 码1 hectometre 百米=100 m. 米=109.4 yards 码1 kilometre 千米=1000 m. 米=0.6214 mile 英里1 mile marin 海里=1852 m. 米=1.1500 mile 英里Square Measure 面积单位:1 square centimetre 平方厘米=0.155 sq.inch 平方英寸1 square metre 平方米=1.196 sq.yards 平方码1 are 公亩=100 square metres 平方米=119.6 sq.yards 平方码1 hectare 公顷=100 ares 公亩=2.471 acres 英亩1 square kilometre 平方公里=0.386 e 平方英里Cubic Measure 体积单位:1 cubic centimetre 立方厘米=0.061 cu.inch 立方英寸1 cubic metre 立方米=1.308 cu.yards 立方码Capacity Measure 容积1 millilitre 毫升=0.002 pint (British) 英制品脱1 centilitre 厘升=10 ml. 毫升=0.018 pint 品脱1 decilitre 分升=10 cl. 厘升=0.176 pint 品脱1 litre 升=10 dl. 分升=1.76 pints 品脱1 decalitre 十升=10 l. 升=2.20 gallons 加伦1 hectolitre 百升=100 l. 升=2.75 bushels 蒲式耳1 kilolitre 千升=1000 l. 升=3.44 quarters 八蒲式耳Weight 重量单位:1 milligram 毫克=0.015 grain 谷1 centigram 厘克=10 mg. 毫克=0.154 grain 谷1 decigram 分克=10 cg. 厘克=1.543 grains 谷1 gram 克=10 dg. 分克=15.43 grains 谷1 decagram 十克=10 g. 克=5.64 drams 打兰1 hectogram 百克=100 g. 克=3.527 ounces 盎司1 kilogram 千克=1000 g. 克=2.205 pounds 磅1 ton (metric ton) 吨,公吨=1000 kg. 千克=0.984 (long) ton 长吨,英吨=1.1023 短吨,美吨。