英国建筑历史文化

The Renaissance architectural styles of European countries(Italy in the 15th century, France in the late 15th century, and Britain in the 16th century) formed the deep background of the American Renaissance, although all countries infiltrated their own spirits and ideas during the Renaissance., But there is one thing in common, that is, the inheritance and innovation of classical style. The style of the villa is characterized by symmetry, balance and fine decoration. During this period, the Western European landscape of the American villa style was obvious. It was also during this period that Europe began to gradually become the most powerful economic, political, and cultural region in the world. The style that belongs to this tradition is Georgian style and Adam style. The British villa emphasizes the decorative nature of the porch and is more "cosmetic." The Georgian style was popular in the British colonial countries for a century(18th century). It was derived from the Italian Renaissance style and introduced into the United Kingdom. It upholds the principles of classical symmetry and harmony and and is the most influential style to Britain.
The Shidike style is a transition from the Gothic Revival style to the Queen Anne style. It emphasizes the overall decorative nature of the walls rather than the details of the doors and Windows or eaves. The Shidike style was very popular in 1878. He was very beautiful and enjoyed the nickname of "Queen Anne of Wood".
Tudor style(Tudor) Tudor style is a mixture of postmedieval British style and Renaissance decorative style. It was most popular at the beginning of this century. Its "ancestry" is British, so it can see the influence of many other British style buildings. Such as Queen Anne style, Shidike style and so on. The whole building is very decorative and interesting.
该风格建筑的主要特征
它有两种形态： 正立面山墙； 常作为城市住 宅
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屋檐外和进口 门廊均有斜向 木条架作为装 饰
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01
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外墙常有木板 包裹，水平及 垂直方向都有 木条镶嵌
正立面为陡峭 的山墙，侧向 也有三角形山 墙相交，山墙 上有装饰木架
英国传统建筑风格历史
British Traditional Architecture and History
British Traditional Architecture and History
■史迪克风格（Shidike style） 史迪克风格是哥特式复兴风格到安妮女 皇风格之间的过渡，它强调墙面整体装 饰性，而非局限门和窗或屋檐登出的细 节。史迪克风格在1878年很盛行，他造 型非常漂亮，享有“木质安妮女皇冈格 的雅号。
建筑是世界的年鉴，当歌曲和传说 已经缄默，它依旧还在诉说。 construction is the world's yearbook, when songs and legends have been silent, it still is in the telling.
英国传统建筑风格历史
British Traditional Architecture and History
英国建筑文化
讲师：胡江山
CONTENTS
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01
英国传统建筑 风格历史
British Traditional Architecture and History
02
英国传统建筑 历史溯源
History Origins of British Traditional Architecture
03
英Biblioteka Baidu 建筑元素
■安妮女皇(1702-1714)风格 由英国建筑师萧(Shaw1831-1912)推 广，但风格的命名与安妮女皇的统 治并无多大关系。1874年第一栋美 国安妮女皇风格的避暑别墅问世于 罗德岛，由于风格独特，加上铁路 网络的建立及印刷技术的发展，这 种风格在全美得到皆及。这种建筑 有时整个建筑还配有一塔楼，俨然 是一个世外桃源。它的空间组合很 复杂，并形成了古典、非对称殖民 复兴和全盛期安妮女皇风格等流派， 其简化开式为维多利亚式
英国传统建筑风格历史
British Traditional Architecture and History
哥特式建筑
英国传统建筑风格历史
British Traditional Architecture and History
■都铎风格( Tudor) 都铎风格是中世纪后英国 风格与文艺复兴装饰风格 的混合，在本世纪初最为 流行，它的“血统”是英 国式的，因而可以看到另 外许多英国风格的建筑对 它的影响，如安妮女皇风 格、史迪克风格等。整栋 建筑极富装饰趨味与田野 情趣
都铎风格
该风格建筑的主要特征
观汉 的普 都顿 铎皇 式宫 建 筑 英 格 兰 最 大 、 最 为 壮
陡峭的侧山墙与另外一个或多个正立面陡峭的山 墙厔顶正交
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高大的砖头烟囱，顶上有若干小圆筒作烟囱冠
高而狭长的窗户，玻瑞窗分成若干组，拱形门廊
最明显的特点是细长的装饰条包要主要立面
英国传统建筑风格历史
Queen Anne(1702-1714) style It was promoted by British architect Shaw 1831-1912, but the naming of the style did not have much to do with Queen Anne's rule. In 1874, the first Queen Anne style summer house was introduced in Rhode Island. Due to its unique style, the establishment of a railway network and the development of printing technology have made this style available in the United States. This kind of building is sometimes equipped with a tower, which is like a paradise. Its spatial combination is complex and forms classical, asymmetric colonial revival and Queen Anne's style during its heyday. Its simplified opening style is Victorian.
Britain Architectural element
著名建筑物介 绍及欣赏
Introduction and Appreciation of Famous Buildings
英国传统建筑风格及历史
British Traditional Architecture and History
CHAPTER 01
Gothic architecture originated in France. British Gothic architecture appeared slightly later than France and was popular in the 12th and 16th centuries. The achievements of secular architecture in the British Gothic period were high. In the early days of Gothic architecture, the feudal city stars were very defensive, the walls were thick, there were many towers and bunkers, and there were high nuclear castles inside the walls. After the 15th century, the kingship was further consolidated, the outer walls of the castle opened Windows, and more consideration was given to the comfort of living. British residents 'half-wooden houses are framed with wooden pillars and wooden bars, decorated with decorative patterns, dark Muliangzhu and white walls, and lively appearance.
■哥特式( Gothic) 哥特式建筑起源于法国，英国的哥 特式建筑出现的比法国稍晩，流行 于12~16世纪。英国哥特时期的世俗 建筑成就很高。在哥特式建筑流行 的早期，封建主的城星有很强的防 卫性，城墙很厚，有许多塔楼和碉 堡，墙内还有高高的核堡。15世纪 以后，王权进一步巩固，城堡的外 墙开了窗户，并更多地考虑居住的 舒适性。英国居民的半木构式住宅 以木柱和木横栏作为构架，加有装 饰图案，深色的木梁柱与白墙相间， 外观活泼。
英国传统建筑风格历史
British Traditional Architecture and History
安妮女皇风格
英国传统建筑风格历史
British Traditional Architecture and History
■乔治亚风格( Georgian) 欧洲各国文艺复兴时期的建筑风格(意大利在 15世纪，法国在15世纪后叶，英国在16世纪) 是形成美国文艺复兴的深交背景，虽然各国 在文艺复兴时期都渗入本国的灵气与思想， 但有一点是共同的，即对古典风格的继承与 创新。在别墅风格的体现上均具备对称、平 衡和细部装饰精美等特点。在这一时期，西 欧对美国别墅风格的景响是明显的，也是在 这一时期，欧洲开始逐步成为世界上经济、 政治和文化方面最强大的地区，属于这一传 统的风格有乔治亚风格、亚当风格。英国别 墅强调门廊的装饰性，比较“讲究门面”。 乔治亚风格在英国殖民国家中整整流行了一 个世纪(18世纪)，它是由意大利文艺复兴风 格传入英国后派生出来的，并秉承古典主义 对称与和谐的原则，是对美国最有景的一种 风格。