各类运动项目的中英文表达方式

各类运动项目的中英文表达方式1)．体操gymnastics2)．游泳swimming3)．击剑fencing4)．举重weightlifting5)．棒球baseball6)．篮球basketball7)．排球volleyball8)．乒乓球table tennis9)．足球soccer10)．跳水diving11)．马球polo12)．水球water polo13)．垒球softball14)．网球tennis15)．赛艇canoe16)．冲浪surfing17)．自行车cycling18)．羽毛球badminton19)．田径track and field20)．手球handball21)．摔交wrestling22)．拳击boxing23)．射箭toxophily24)．射击shooting25)．柔道judo26)．骑马equestrian27)．曲棍球hockey体育运动分类词汇1.General Terms 一般词汇manager/agent 经纪人instructor 教练,技术指导guide 领队trainer 助理教练referee, umpire (网球.棒球)裁判linesman, touch judge (橄榄球)裁判contestant, competitor, player 运动员professional 职业运动员amateur 业余运动员,爱好者enthusiast, fan 迷,爱好者favourite 可望取胜者(美作:favorite) outsider 无取胜希望者championship 冠军赛,锦标赛champion 冠军record 纪录record holder 纪录创造者ace 网球赛中的一分Olympic Games, Olympics 奥林匹克运动会Winter Olympics 冬季奥林匹克运动会stadium 运动场track 跑道ring 圈ground, field 场地pitch (足球、橄榄球)场地court 网球场team, side 队2.Athletics 竞技race 跑middle-distance race 中长跑long-distance runner 长跑运动员sprint 短跑(美作:dash)the 400 metre hurdles 400米栏marathon 马拉松decathlon 十项cross-country race 越野跑jump 跳跃jumping 跳跃运动high jump 跳高long jump 跳远(美作:broad jump)triple jump, hop step and jump 三级跳pole vault 撑竿跳throw 投掷throwing 投掷运动putting the shot, shot put 推铅球throwing the discus 掷铁饼throwing the hammer 掷链锤throwing the javelin 掷标枪walk 竞走3.Individual Sprots 体育项目gymnastics 体操gymnastic apparatus 体操器械horizontal bar 单杠parallel bars 双杠rings 吊环trapeze 秋千wall bars 肋木side horse, pommelled horse 鞍马weight-lifting 举重weights 重量级boxing 拳击Greece-Roman wrestling 古典式摔跤hold, lock 揪钮judo 柔道fencing 击剑winter sports 冬季运动skiing 滑雪ski 滑雪板downhill race 速降滑雪赛,滑降slalom 障碍滑雪ski jumping competition 跳高滑雪比赛ski jump 跳高滑雪ice skating 滑冰figure skating 花样滑冰roller skating 滑旱冰bobsleigh, bobsled 雪橇4.Games and Competitions 球类运动football 足球rugby 橄榄球basketball 篮球volleyball 排球tennis 网球baseball 垒球handball 手球hockey 曲棍球golf 高尔夫球cricket 板球ice hockey 冰球goalkeeper 球门员centre kick 中线发球goal kick 球门发球throw in, line-out 边线发球to score a goal 射门得分to convert a try 对方球门线后触地得分batsman 板球运动员batter 击球运动员men's singles 单打运动员in the mixed doubles 混合双打5.Water Sports 水上运动swimming 游泳medley relay 混合泳crawl 爬泳breaststroke 蛙式backstroke 仰式freestyle 自由式butterfly (stroke) 蝶泳diving competition 跳水water polo 水球water skiing 水橇rowing 划船canoe 划艇boat race 赛艇yacht 游艇kayak 皮船sailing 帆船运动outboard boat 船外马达6.Bicycles and Motorcycles 自行车和摩托车car 车类运动velodrome, cycling stadium 自行车赛车场road race 公路赛race 计时赛chase 追逐赛motorcycle, motorbike 摩托车racing car 赛车racing driver 赛车驾驶员rally 汽车拉力赛7.Riding and Horse Races 赛马riding 骑马racecourse, racetrack 跑马场,赛马场jockey, polo 马球rider 马球运动员show jumping competition 跳跃赛steeplechase 障碍赛fence 障碍trotter 快跑的马8.Tennis 网球tennis 网球运动lawn tennis 草地网球运动grass court 草地网球场racket 球拍racket press 球拍夹gut, string （球拍的）弦line ball 触线球baseline ball 底线球sideline ball 边线球straight ball 直线球down-the-line shot 边线直线球crosscourt 斜线球high ball, lob 高球low ball 低球long shot 长球short shot 短球cut 削球smash 抽球jump smash 跃起抽球spin 旋转球low drive 抽低球volley 截击空中球low volley 低截球deep ball 深球heavy ball 重球net 落网球flat stroke 平击球flat drive 平抽球let 重发球fluke, set-up, easy 机会球ground stroke 击触地球wide 打出边线的球overhead smash, overhand smash 高球扣杀game 局set 盘fifteen all 一平thirty all 二平forty all 三平deuce 局末平分, 盘末平局love game 一方得零分的一局double fault 双误, 两次发球失误‘not up’, 两跳，还击前球着地两次service line 发球线fore court 前场back court 后场centre mark 中点server 发球员receiver 接球员9.Swimming 游泳swimming pool 游泳池changing room 更衣室shower 淋浴diving platform 跳台ten-meter platform 10米跳台five-meter platform 5米跳台three-meter springboard 3米跳板one-meter springboard 1米跳板diving pool 跳水池non-swimmer's pool 浅水池swimmer's pool 深水池starting block 出发台starting dive 出发起跳rope with cork floats 水线swimming lane 泳道touching the finishing line 终点触线timekeeper 计时员lifesaver, lifeguard 救生员land drill 陆上练习breaststroke 蛙泳crawl stroke 爬泳back stroke 仰泳side stroke 侧泳butterfly stroke 蝶泳dolphin butterfly stroke 海豚式蝶泳treading water 踩水underwater swimming 潜泳swimming pool with artificial waves 人工海浪泳池artificial waves 人工海浪swimming trunks 泳裤swimsuit, swimming suit 泳衣swimming cap 泳帽bikini 比基尼泳衣bikini top 比基尼乳罩bikini bottom 比基尼式泳裤surfing 冲浪surfboard 冲浪板water ski 滑水橇10.Football 足球football, soccer, Association football 足球field, pitch 足球场midfied 中场kick-off circle 中圈half-way line 中线football, eleven 足球队football player 足球运动员goalkeeper, goaltender, goalie 守门员back 后卫left 左后卫right back 右后卫centre half back 中卫half back 前卫left half back 左前卫right half back 右前卫forward 前锋centre forward, centre 中锋inside left forward, inside left 左内锋inside right forward, inside right 右内锋outside left forward, outside left 左边锋outside right forward, outside right 右边锋kick-off 开球bicycle kick, overhead kick 倒钩球chest-high ball 平胸球corner ball, corner 角球goal kick 球门球ground ball, grounder 地面球hand ball 手触球header 头球penalty kick 点球spot kick 罚点球free kick 罚任意球throw-in 掷界外球ball handling 控制球block tackle 正面抢截body check 身体阻挡bullt 球门前混战fair charge 合理冲撞chesting 胸部挡球close-marking defence 钉人防守close pass, short pass 短传consecutive passes 连续传球deceptive movement 假动作diving header 鱼跃顶球flying headar 跳起顶球dribbling 盘球finger-tip save （守门员）托救球clean catching （守门员）跳球抓好flank pass 边线传球high lobbing pass 高吊传球scissor pass 交叉传球volley pass 凌空传球triangular pass 三角传球rolling pass, ground pass 滚地传球slide tackle 铲球clearance kick 解除危险的球to shoot 射门grazing shot 贴地射门close-range shot 近射long drive 远射mishit 未射中offside 越位to pass the ball 传球to take a pass 接球spot pass 球传到位to trap 脚底停球to intercept 截球to break through, to beat 带球过人to break loose 摆脱to control the midfield 控制中场to disorganize the defence 破坏防守to fall back 退回to set a wall 筑人墙to set the pace 掌握进攻节奏to ward off an assault 击退一次攻势to break up an attack 破坏一次攻势ball playing skill 控球技术total football 全攻全守足球战术open football 拉开的足球战术off-side trap 越位战术wing play 边锋战术shoot-on-sight tactics 积极的抢射战术time wasting tactics 拖延战术Brazilian formation 巴西阵式，4-2-4 阵式four backs system 四后卫制four-three-three formation 4-3-3 阵式four-two-four formation 4-2-4 阵式red card 红牌（表示判罚出场）yellow card 黄牌（表示警告）11.Baseball and Softball 棒球和垒球baseball 棒球baseball field, baseball ground 棒球场softball 垒球softball field, softball ground 垒球场infield,diamond 内场outfield 外场fair territory 界内地区foul territory 界外地区foul line 边线base line 垒间线base 垒bag 垒垫, 垒包home base 本垒first base 一垒second base 二垒third base 三垒home plate 本垒板pitcher's plate 投手板pitcher's mound （棒球）投手土墩pitcher's circle （垒球）投手圈batter's box 击球员区on deck circle 击球员准备区catcher's box 接手区coacher's box 跑垒指导员区bench, dug-out 队员席bull-pen 候补投手练习区glove 手套, 分指手套milt 合指手套bat 球棒mask 护面chest protector 护胸leg protector 护腿supporter 护裆helmet 护帽baseball player 棒球运动员softball player 垒球运动员pitcher 投手catcher 接手fielder 守场员baseman 守垒员infielder 内场手first baseman 一垒手second baseman 二垒手third baseman 三垒手shortstop 游击手outfielder 外场手batter, hitter 击球员base-runner 跑垒员batter-runner 击跑员relief pitcher 候援投手designated hitter (DH) 指名击球员coacher 跑垒指导员manager 总教练plate umpire 司球裁判员base umpire 司垒裁判员inning 局次visiting team 先攻队home team 后攻队offensive team 攻队defensive team 守队pitching 投手投球windup position （棒球投手）正面投球法set up position （棒球投手）侧身投球法sling shot （垒球投手）后摆投球法wind mill （垒球投手）绕环投球法8 figure （垒球投手）8字投球法throwing 传球catching 接球fielding 防守batting, hitting 击球base running 跑垒stealing 偷垒sliding 滑垒strike zone 好球区fair ball 界内球foul ball 界外球illegal pitch 不合法投球illegally batted ball 不合法击球bunt 触击球foul tip 擦棒球bunting 触击swing 挥击ground ball, grounder 地滚球liner, line drive 平直球fly ball 腾空球hit, safety hit 安全打one base hit 一垒打two base hit 二垒打three base hit 三垒打home run, homer 本垒打sacrifice hit 牺牲打sacrifice bunt 牺牲触击sacrifice fly 牺牲腾空球squeeze bunt 抢分触击run and hit, hit and run 击跑配合战术safe 安全上垒base on balls 四球安全上垒struck-out 三击出局run,score 得分batting order 击球次序wild pitch （投手）暴投pick-off （投手）牵制跑垒员的传球balk （棒球）投手犯规put-out 接杀out, down, away 出局touch out 触杀force out 封杀assist 助杀run down 夹杀double play, double kill 双杀triple play, triple kill 三杀wild throw 野传球passed ball 接手漏接球ball in play, live ball 继续比赛, 活球ball not in play, dead ball 死球cover 补位back up 策应cut-off 拦接play shallow 近迫防守play deep 後撤防守appeal play 申诉行为called game 有效比赛forfeited game 比赛弃权batting average 安打率fielding average 防守率earned run 投手责任失分complete game 无安打无得分获胜的比赛12.Wrestling 搏击类竞技Greek-Roman wrestling 古典式摔跤wrestler 摔跤运动员standing wrestling 站立摔on-the-ground wrestling 跪撑摔bridge 角力桥free style wrestling 自由式摔跤bar arm with grapevine 锁臂缠腿double leg lock 抱单腿拦腿摔。