懂你英语Level2-Unit1-Part4

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懂你英语LU

The respiratory system includes the nose and lungs. It brings air and oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide. The lungs are where oxygen enters the bloodstream, and carbon dioxide is removed.
Global warming is the result of an increase in carbon gases in our atmosphere. These gases trap heat from the sun, so the Earth is getting warmer. As a result, sea levels are rising and weather patterns are changing. In addition, we humans are destroying the habitats of many plants and animals. Cutting down forests and polluting rivers destroys the habitats of many forms of life.
Level4 Unit2 1 Vocabulary
Body Systems
The body's circulatory system includes the heart and blood vessels. The heart pumps blood to all parts of the body through a network of arteries and veins. (The blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich bloodfrom the heart are called arteries.)

流利说-懂你英语-Level4-Unit2Word版

Level4 Unit2 Part1 Listening - Extinction Events 1The Earth was formed about 4.6 billion years ago.The first life appeared about a billion years later.The first plants didn't appear until around 2 billion years ago.Until about 580 million years ago, life forms were small and microscopic.Since that time, life has evolved into many different types, or species.However, scientists estimate that more than 99% of them are now extinct.There have been several extinction events in the history of the Earth.In an extinction event many life forms, or species of life, die out. The causes of mass extinction events are unsolved mysteries.These events are not predictable and can happen at any time.Scientists think that some of them were started by asteroid impacts or volcanic eruptions.Events like these can change the global conditions that life depends on.One major extinction event happened about 66 million years ago.That event may have been started by a large asteroid that hit the Earth.As a result, the dinosaurs and about half of all species on the planet died out.When the asteroid hit the earth, it started a chain of events.A chain of events is a series of events linked together, like a chain.This particular chain of events happened over a period of months and years.When the asteroid hit the Earth, it caused a huge cloud of dust to enter the atmosphere.This cloud of dust blocked the sun and darkened the Earth for many months.Without enough sunlight, plants and plant-eating animals quickly died.With the deaths of so many plants and animals, the food chain collapsed.This led to the deaths of many more species.Mass extinction events have played an important part in the evolution of life.In fact, some extinction events have helped to accelerate evolution.For example, some mammals lived through the age of the dinosaurs, but they couldn't compete.When the dinosaurs were removed, the mammals were able to compete more successfully.Once they could compete, mammals evolved to a higher state.Without extinction events, perhaps we wouldn't be here today.Level4 Unit2 Part1 Listening - Extinction Events 2Scientists estimate that there have been at least 5 mass extinctions in the last 540 million years.They also believe that we have entered a new extinction event.Species are becoming extinct at a much faster rate than before.Instead of asteroids or volcanic eruptions, the current event is the result of human activities.Human activities, for example, have led to global warming.Global warming is the result of an increase in carbon gases in our atmosphere.These gases trap heat from the sun, so the Earth is getting warmer.As a result, sea levels are rising and weather patterns are changing.In addition, we humans are destroying the habitats of many plants and animals.Cutting down forests and polluting rivers destroys the habitats of many forms of life.There is no longer any doubt that this is happeningSpecies of life are disappearing at an increasing rate.Global temperatures are rising and weather patterns are changing.Scientists are warning us that fast action is necessary to save our future.If we don't act, we may go the way of the dinosaurs.(This new extinction event is caused by humans.)Level4 Unit2 Part1 Vocabulary - Body SystemsThe body's circulatory system includes the heart and blood vessels.The heart pumps blood to all parts of the body through a network of arteries and veins.The digestive system breaks down and absorbs food into the body.It supplies the energy that the body needs for growth and repair.After digestion, excess food is turned into waste and eliminated from the body.The nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord and nerves.This is your body's control system.It controls your muscles and organs, including your circulatory and digestive systems.The respiratory system includes the nose and lungs.It brings air and oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide.The lungs are where oxygen enters the bloodstream and carbon dioxide is removed.The immune system protects the body against infections and diseases.Sneezing and fever are examples of how the immune system works.If an infection invades the body, the immune system attacks it.(The blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart are called arteries.)(The digestive system is where food is broken down and absorbed into the body.)(The nervous system regulates your heartbeat and digestion.)Level4 Unit2 Part1 Vocabulary - Great DiscoveriesThe controlled use of fire allowed people to cook food and survive in the colder climates.Fire provided light so that people could work and socialize for longer hours.With the invention of agriculture, people could grow foodand settle into communities.By growing food, people could spend less time hunting and more time for other things such as art.The domestication of animals allowed people to raise and use animals for food and work.By raising herds of animals such as sheep, humans had a regular supply of meat and clothing.The strength of animals such as horses and oxen was used for work and transportation.The development of tools and machines has resulted in moreefficient manufacturing and construction.With better tools and machines, work can be done with fewer people and at much lower costs.The development of science and engineering has improved many things, including communications.With an understanding of electricity, telephones and radios allow people to communicate over long distances.(Science and engineering have changed the way we communicate with each other.)(With the development of agriculture, people had more time for other activities.)(The use of machines has reduced the number of people needed to make things.)Level4 Unit2 Part1 Dialogue - Smartphone Addiction I took a vacation last night.What are you talking about?Where did you take your vacation?I didn't go anywhere.I just spent an evening without my smartphone.How was it?It was great. I got a real magazine and read it with no interruption.It was very peaceful.Yes, I haven't done that in a long time.You know what?I'm beginning to hate smartphones.Really? but you can't live without one, right?Yes, that's the problem.These things are changing the way people live.Yes, I just saw a documentary about that.A husband was complaining to his wife that she was spending too much time on her smartphone.What happened? Did they get a divorce?You guessed it. In the end, they got a divorce.It's a bit ironic, don't you think?Smartphone were supposed to bring people together, but they are pulling people apart.Yes, you are right.Hey, just a minute. I've got a message on my smartphone, and it can't wait.Level4 Unit2 Part1 Dialogue - Rude BossHey, wake up and get back to work.What's wrong with you?I'm on my break sir, and I have a bad headache.Well, we are not paying you to sleep.If you're going to sleep, sleep someplace else.Yes, sir, sorry, it won't happen again.It had better not.Just a minute.Don't talk to me like that.What did you say?You hurt me. you don't have to treat people like that.Well, if you don't like it, I suggest you leave.OK, I will. I've had enough of you.I'll get a job somewhere else.(The manager treats the employees in a threatening manner.)(The employee treats the manager respectfully.)Level4 Unit2 Part2 Listening - Point of View 1This man is holding a piece of fruit in his hand.The piece of fruit is either an orange or an apple.We can’t see which it is because we can’t see inside the box.The probability that it is an orange is equal to the probability that it is an apple.It may be an apple, and it may be an orange.It’s got to be one or the other.It can’t be anything else.Now let’s look at it from the man’s p oint of view.From his point of view, the probabilities are different.From his point of view, the probability that he has an orange is 100% or 0%.That’s because he knows what he has.For him there is no uncertainty.If he has an orange, the probability is 100%.If he doesn’t have an orange, the probability is 0%.He either has it or he doesn’t.From our point of view, the probability that he has an orange is 50%.From his point of view, the probability that he has an orange is 100% or 0%.So the probability depends on your point of view.Level4 Unit2 Part2 Listening - Point of View 2People see things from different points of view.This often leads to arguments between people.Here are some examples.From this man’s point of view, he is relaxing.He needs to relax because he has been working too hard.He hasn’t been getting enough sleep.His wife sees things differently.She isn’t aware of how hard he has been working.From her point of view, he is doing nothing.However, she knows what needs to be done around the house.It isn’t fair that she has to work while he does nothing.When people see things from different points of view, they often come to different conclusions.These differences can cause real communication problems.Level4 Unit2 Part2 Vocabulary – DisastersEarthquakes are caused by forces deep within the Earth.When the earth shakes, buildings can collapse and people can be buried inside.An explosion is a rapid, violent release of energy.Explosions can be caused by chemical reactions, such as inside an engine.A spark can ignite a mixture of gases, and release energy for good or destructive purposes.Accidents are often caused by people doing foolish things or by not being careful.One major cause of accidents is driving too fast.Accidents with fire can be very serious, and can result in very painful injuries.Epidemics are the rapid spread of a disease, such as the flu or ebola.Throughout history, epidemics have killed millions of people.Storms are caused by changes in the atmosphere resulting in high winds and heavy rain.Thunderstorms are caused by electric charges in the atmosphere that produce lightning, which can cause forest fires.Some storms cause flooding, and major damage to homes and cities.Followers of the islam religion are called Muslims.These Muslims are praying inside a mosque.Muslims are called to prayer 5 times a day, beginning just before sunrise.Christianity is based on the teaching of Jesus Christ, who lived more than 2000 years ago.Christians believe that Jesus is the son of god.Christians often gather in churches or cathedrals to worship. Followers of Judaism are called Jews.These Jews are meeting inside the synagogue, which is a place of worship and study.Judaism was founded over 35 hundred years ago, in the middle east.Judaism is based on the teaching of Moses, who they believe is the most important prophet.Buddhism began in India and is based on the teachings of the Buddha.The religion is about 25 hundred years old.Some Buddhists practice a form of meditation in which they empty their minds of any thought.Hinduism is the world’s third most popular religion and is the main religion of India.Hinduism has no founder and is a mixture of many beliefs.Some Hindus believe in the cycle of birth, life, death and rebirth.Level4 Unit2 Part2 Vocabulary – ReligionsvFollowers of the islam religion are called Muslims.These Muslims are praying inside a Mosque.Muslims are called to prayer 5 times a day, beginning just before sunrise.Christianity is based on the teaching of Jesus Christ, who lived more than 2000 years ago.Christians believe that Jesus is the son of god.Christians often gather in churches or cathedrals to worship. Followers of Judaism are called Jews.These Jews are meeting inside a synagogue, which is a place of worship and study.Judaism was founded over 35 hundred years ago in the Middle East.Judaism is based on the teachings of Moses, who they believe is the most important prophet.Buddhism began in India and is based on the teachings of the Buddha. The religion is about 25 hundred years old.Some Buddhists practice a form of meditation in which they empty their minds of any thought.Hinduism is the world’s third most popular religion and is the main religion of India.Hinduism has no founder and is a mixture of many beliefs.Some Hindus believe in the cycle of birth, life, death and rebirth.Level4 Unit2 Part2 Dialogue - Missing AircraftDo you have any more information about the location of the missing aircraft?No, we don’t. The only information we have is that it disappeared. What about the last communication with the aircraft?The last communication was about 15 minutes before it disappeared. Was there anything unusual in the communication?No, there wasn't anything unusual.Nothing pointed to any kind of problem.Anyway, we are confident that we will find it.It’s a large aircraft so it shouldn’t be difficult to find.How many countries are helping with the search.Right now, we have search teams from 3 countries starting the search.It’s a big area to search, so can you give us an estimate about how long it will take.Yes, it’s a big area so it might take a long time.But we won’t give up.We will search until we find it.Have they found the wreckage yet?What are you talking about?You know, the airplane that disappeared last year.Oh, yes, now I know what you are referring to.Yes, they found some piece of it.What about the black boxes?No, they still haven’t found the black boxes.It’s hard to believe they still don’t know what happened.Perhaps they’ll never know, especially if they don’t fin d the black boxes.Whatever happened to it, there is no good reason why a modern airline is allowed to disappear.I agree with you.Level4 Unit2 Part3 Listening - Alcatraz 1Alcatraz is a small island in San Francisco Bay, 1.5 miles from San Francisco.From Alcatraz, you can see the famous Golden Gate Bridge.Alcatraz is also famous and is now a major tourist attraction.Tourists can reach the island by boat from the city.Alcatraz has often appeared in movies, including "Escape from Alcatraz" which was made in 1979.One reason it’s famous is because it used to be a prison, a very special prison.It was designed for prisoners who were causing trouble in other prisons, such as trying to escape.It was a maximum security prison, so escape was almost impossible.The waters around it are cold, and only very strong swimmers can swim from the island to San Francisco.The first group of prisoners arrived in 1934.There were 137 prisoners, including bank robbers and murderers.They came by train from another prison in the state of Kansas.During that trip there was heavy security.The prisoners were under guard and handcuffed.Nobody wanted them to escape.Level4 Unit2 Part3 Listening - Alcatraz 2The prison was designed to hold up to 336 prisoners.However the average population was only about 270.Although there were several notorious inmates, such as Al Capone, most of the inmates were not well-known.Many had tried to escape from other prisons or were considered violent.If a man did not behave at another prison, he could be sent to Alcatraz.At Alcatraz there was just one inmate in each prison cell.Prison life at Alcatraz was highly structured and boring.It was designed to teach prisoners to follow rules.They had four rights: food, clothing, shelter, and medical care.Everything else was a privilege that had to be earned.Privileges included working, visits from family members, and access to the prison library.There were also activities such as painting and music.Once a prisoner showed that he could follow the rules, he could be transferred back to another prison to finish his sentence.Alcatraz was used as a prison for 29 years.During that time, no prisoner escaped successfully.There were 14 escape attempts, involving 36 prisoners.Twenty-three were caught alive, and six were shot and killed.2 men tried to escape twice.2 drowned and 5 were listed as missing and presumed drowned.The most violent escape attempt occurred on May 2nd, 1946 when 6 prisoners tried to escape.That event is called the "Battle of Alcatraz."While it was in use, Alcatraz held some of the mostnotorious criminals in American history, such as Al Capone.Al Capone was a crime boss who built his career in Chicago.The prison was finally closed in 1963.It was closed because it was too expensive to operate.(No prisoner ever escaped from Alcatraz.)Level4 Unit2 Part3 Vocabulary - Graphs & ChartsA bar graph uses rectangular bars of different lengths to show and compare data.The lengths of the bars are proportional to the values they represent.The bars can be vertical, up and down, or horizontal.A circle graph, often called a pie graph, is shaped like a circle.It is divided into segments that look like pieces of a pie.Percentages are used to compare the segments, which are ordered from biggest to smallest.Line graphs are used to show the relationship between two variables, such as time and distance.These variables are plotted on 2 axes, the X-axis and the Y-axis.The X-axis often shows time while the Y-axis shows how quantities, such as distance, temperature or profits change with time.A flowchart is a type of graph that shows how a process or project flows from start to finish.A flow chart consists of start points, inputs, outputs and decision points.An organizational chart, or org chart shows the structure of a company.It shows how people and departments within a company are connected.It defines the roles and responsibilities of people and departments within a company.(Line graphs are very good at showing how things change over time.)(A flowchart shows how a process or project flows from start to finish.)Level4 Unit2 Part3 Vocabulary - Legal TermsLaws are rules that people are supposed to follow.A system of laws governs the behavior of people within a country. Criminals are people who break the law.People who commit a crime are called criminals.Some criminals are very dangerous and need to be put in jail.A jail or prison is a place where criminals are locked behind bars, sometimes for many years.Prisons are designed to keep criminals away from other people.A courthouse is where someone charged with committing acrime goes on trial.In court, evidence is presented to show the guilt or innocence of the person on trial.When someone breaks the law, they may be arrested by the police.To arrest someone means to take and hold them until they go on trial.(An action that is against the law is an illegal action.)(Someone who commits a crime may be sent to prison.)(When a person is charged with breaking a law ,they are tried in a court of law.)(An action that follows the law is a legal action.)Level4 Unit2 Part3 Dialogue - Currency Exchange May I help you, sir?I’d like to change some US dollars into Japanese yen, please.Yes, certainly sir.How much would you like to change?I’d like to change 500 dollars.May I see your passport please?I don’t have it with me, but I do have my driver’s license.Would that be OK?No, I'm sorry, sir.I need to see your passport, it’s the law.Look, I’m not asking for a loan.I just want to convert my dollars into yen.Why do I need my passport?I understand your frustration sir, but that’s the law.I can not do something that is illegal.OK, do you have any suggestions?Sure, the easiest thing for you to do is to use a machine in one of the hotels near here.You can borrow someone’s passport and then do the conversion.So the machine doesn’t check my fingerprints or anything like that?No, sir. But there is a limit as to how much you can change at one time.You also have to pay a higher fee.Thanks for your help.You’re welcome, sir.Level4 Unit2 Part4 Listening - AI Capone 1AI Capone was one of the most famous criminals in American history.He came from an immigrant family.His parents came from Italy, and his father was a barber.As a boy, he belonged to a street gang.He quit school after finishing the 6th grade.He built his career as a crime boss in Chicago.He became boss at 26 when the previous leader was nearly killed.His crime organization made a lot of money, more than 100 million dollars a year.Most of the money came from illegal activities, especially the sale of illegal liquor.His organization was also involved in gambling and prostitution.Capone was a flashy dresser who enjoyed being famous.He protected himself by bribing police and public officials.Though he was involved in the deaths of many, he was never convicted of a serious crime.When he was finally arrested, it was for minor crimes.In 1929, he and his bodyguard were arrested for carrying deadly weapons.For that they were sentenced to a year in prison.Capone was released in nine months for good behavior.(When he went out,he loved to be the center of attention.)(The largest portion of its income was from the illegal sales of liquor.)Level4 Unit2 Part4 Listening - AI Capone 2In 1930, Capone was Public Enemy No.1 in Chicago.A year later he was arrested for failure to pay taxes.The government had finally found a way to catch him.After a trial, he was found guilty and sentenced to 11 years in prison.He spent the first two years of his sentence at a prison in Atlanta, Georgia.Then he was sent to Alcatraz, the country's most famous prison.At Alcatraz, he was diagnosed with a disease that began to take over his brain.As a result, he spent much of his time in the prison hospital.By the time he was released from prison in 1939, he was no longer able to lead his organization.He died of a stroke and pneumonia in 1947.Level4 Unit2 Part4 Vocabulary - Economic Terms Income is money received for a work or from investments.For a company to survive, its income needs to be more than its expenses.People who earn a good salary can buy what they need to survive.A receipt is given to you after you have paid for something.A receipt is proof that you have paid for something.A receipt shows that something has been paid for.After paying for something, be sure to get a receipt.An invoice is a request for payments.An invoice lists the prices and products being bought.To invoice someone means to give them a bill for products or services.Once an invoice is paid, it can be used as a receipt.Taxes are what we pay to the government for government services.Taxes pay for many services, such as education, police, and health care.An income tax, is a tax on your income.In some countries, income taxes are very high.Interest is what we pay to lenders when we borrow money.If someone lends you money, you pay interest for the use of that money.（People pay taxes to pay for government services.）Level4 Unit2 Part4 Vocabulary - Personality Types Emotional people often show their feelings and have a bad temper. They make decisions based on the feelings more than facts. Sometimes these people make bad decisions because of their emotions. Leaders are people who take responsibility and are trusted by others. Good leaders make good decisions and get things done.In many situations, others look to them for leadership.Loyal people can be depended on to follow their leader.They will support and protect their leaders and friends.A strong team needs a good leader and loyal followers.Independent people can do things on their own.They often prefer working by themselves.Sometimes they have difficulty working in a group.Creative people come up with new ideas and ways of doing things.They often have a good imagination and can see things in different ways.Many artists and musicians are very creative.(Independent people may want to do things their own way.)(Loyal people will act to support the decisions of the group.)Level4 Unit2 Part4 Dialogue - A Video Project 1 Congratulations Lisa!Congratulations for what?We just heard the news.What news? Don't keep me in suspense.QuickServe has accepted your video proposal.Already？I just submitted it a week ago.Maybe so, but they like it so much that they made a quick decision. They want you to get started on it as soon as possible.That's great news. But I'm still working on some other projects.They need to be finished first.Can't you delay some of our other projects?I'm not sure, how important is this project?They are putting a lot of pressure on us now, especially since they read your proposal.They really like it.It's a very creative way of presenting their company.It had everybody laughing.Yes, that was the idea.It was fun to do, and our whole team thought it was funny.Well, great job.I think it's the best work your team has ever done.(She submitted her proposal a week ago.)(Everything depends on how important the project is.)(To delay something means to postpone it.)Level4 Unit2 Part4 Dialogue - A Video Project 2 When can you get started on the project?Are they going to pay extra?In my proposal, I said the earliest start date would be one month after signing the contract.Was that in the proposal?Yes, it was. Have they signed the contract yet?No, they haven't, but I'm sure they will right awayThey'll also need to make an advance payment.That was in the proposal, too.We can't stop everything else just because they are excited. OK, I'll get back to them and let them know.Yes, please do, I've been through this kind of thing before. (They want to get started earlier than what was in the proposal.)（注：可编辑下载，若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢!）。

懂你英语核心课Level-2

懂你英语核心课Level 2Unit 1PART·11.The Jackson Family杰克逊家族Both of their children are girls.他们的两个孩子都是女孩。

Its name is Jumper because he likes to jump.它的名字是跳楼，因为他喜欢跳。

She's nine years old.她九岁了。

She's twelve years old.她十二岁了。

They have two children.他们有两个孩子。

They don' t have any boys.2.Their Neighborhood他们的邻居Angela is the youngest.Lisa is the oldest of the girls.Lisa and Angela like to watch the ducks.丽莎和安吉拉喜欢看鸭子。

It's on the 5th floor. 在五楼。

Its name is Jumper because he likes to jump.They live on the 5th floor.他们住在五楼。

They usually take the elevator to the 5th floor他们通常乘电梯到五楼。

They like to feed the fish.他们喜欢喂鱼。

There is also a family of ducks.那里也是一家鸭子。

There are five baby ducks.有五只小鸭子。

Their apartment is on the 5th floor.他们的公寓在五楼。

Their apartment building has many apartments.3.Nature & Animals自然和动物Birds can fly. 鸟能飞。

(完整版)英语流利说懂你英语Level4-Unit3

懂你英语Level4 Unit 3 Part1it 3-1 listening时间花费Look at these 2 pie graphs. They show how these 2 people spend their days, not including weekends. The one on the top shows how Emma divides up her days. She is a designer who works for a company. As Emma’s graph shows, the biggest portion部分of her day is spent working.She works an average of 8 hours a day, which is one third of her day.She gets an average of 6 hours to sleep which is 25% of her day. That’s less sleep than Martin gets. According to his graph, he gets an average of 7 hours to sleep which is about 29% of his day.On the other hand, Martine who is engineer, works more hours than Emma does.Martine average 9 hours a day at work co mpare to Emma’s 8. That’s 37.5% compare to 33%.Other factors shown in the graph included time for meals and commuting to work.Other activities include getting dress and doing household chores such as doing laundry and paying bills. As you can see, for Martin, commuting is taking a large amount of his time.If he could reduce his commute time, he will have more time for other things. And it isn’t just the time. When the traffic is really heavy his commute is stressful.It will be great if he can work from home one or two days a week. He life will be more enjoyable. And we look at Emma’s graph, we see she probably needs more sleep.Perhaps, she should spend a bit less time socializing with her friends.On the other hand, socializing with her friend is something she really values.As for putting on makeup, she isn’t willing to change that.For her, exercising, socializing and staying beautiful help her deal with the stressful work.In conclusion, Emma and Martin both wish there were more hours in a day.This next graph shows how various factors compare important to 1350 jobs applicants.Applicants were between 20 to 25 years ago.They were asked to list which factors were most important for a good job.As the graph shows, money was the most important factor for 25% of the applicants.However, other factors are also important. The second most important factor was the work environment. In other words, for many, money is everything.People want to like where they work.In fact, if we combine working environment and co-workers, the total is 35%.This is well above the 25% for salary and benefits.Taking together, they are more important than salary and benefits.Career path is also important especially for younger applicants.They want to see that their job helps to build a successful career.For older workers, this may not be as important.Older workers often put the higher value on the balance between life and work. What do you think.it 3-1 vocabulary领土、军事、政治、政权状态The government of a country is a control system.Governments make laws and provide services to their citizens.The land over which a government has controlled, is its territory /'tɛrətɔri/领土.A country’s territory has boundaries/'baʊndri/ or borders.When you leave or enter a country’s territory, you usually need a passport.The territory of a country is defined by its boundaries.A country’s military provides defense for its territory and its citizens.The military includes an army, an air force and a navy.The main purpose of a military, is to defend a country from attack.A country’s criminal justice system includes the police, courts and prisons.Its purpose is to enforce the law and protect the people from criminal activities.A country social services system provides support to people in need.It provides basic health care services and helps poor people support their children.-----------------------------------------------------------------Anarchy /'ænɚki/ n.混乱;无政府状态;无秩序autocracy /ɔ'tɑkrəsi/ n.独裁;独裁统治;独裁政府;独裁政体Oligarchy /'ɑlə'gɑrki/ n.寡头统治的政府;寡头政治的执政集团;寡头统治的国家--------------------------------------------------------------------------A state of anarchy exits when a country has no effective government.In anarchy, there is nobody to make decisions or enforce the laws.An autocracy is the simplest form of government.In an autocracy, the government is controlled by single individual, known as autocrat.Whether or not an autocracy is successful, depends on the character and ability of the leader.In an oligarchy, a small group of people controls the government.Membership in this group often depends on family connection, wealth or military power.In a republic, individuals are elected to represent the citizens.The power of government in a republic is limited by a constitution.A constitution is a written document that makes the rules for a government to follow.This limits the power of a government.A constitution defines the relationship between the government and its citizens.it 3-1 dialogue谈论工作I hear you lost your job, is that right?Yes, that’s right. I quit. I quit because the way my boss treats people.What happen.I was n’t feeling good one day and he yelled at me. While I told him not to yell at对...吼叫me, he threatened me. Is that all. That’s what bosses do.Sure, sometime maybe. But my treated everyone badly and I was tired of it. It was the less *The last str ?Yes, it reached the point where I couldn’t take it anymore.I see. So now you d on’t have a job.Right, I don’t have a job.But at least I don’t have to deal with my boss thing. What are you going to do now?To be honest, I’m not sure. but I’ll fine something. I’ll get a job even if it pays less than before.Are you sorry for your quit.Yes and no. I guess I should have found another job first and then quit.Why didn’t you.As I said, he pushed me too far. There were some things that I just won't take.What about your wife.She isn’t happy that I don’t have a job but she understands. S he knows I have temper.And she knows I wasn’t happy working there.Well, I get some luck. My job isn’t great. but I like the people I’m working with and I like my manager.Are you planning to stay there?I don’t know.For now, it’s ok. But of course it al l depends on how things change.Well if you hear of any job openings, let me know, OK.Sure, send me your resume and I’ll let people know you’re looking.Thanks.it 3-2 listening朗朗Lang Lang is one of the world’s greatest concert /'kɑnsɚt/ pianist.His first contact with western music was when he was just 2 years old.He watched the canton/'kæntən/ in which a cat played a famous piece by Franz Liszt 弗朗兹·李斯特（匈牙利作曲家）. From this experience, he decided he wanted to learn to play piano.When he was 3 and a half years ago, he started piano lessons.2 years later, he won first place in the piano competition.This early success gave his father great hope that Lang Land will became the world greatest pianist.When Lang Lang was 9 years ago, his father quit his job and took him to Beijing.They left everything behind including his mother who had to work.Lang Lang didn’t want to leave her behind but his father insisted.His father wanted him to study at famous Central Conservatory of Music 中央音乐学院.When they moved to Beijing, they rented a flat in a poor area of the city.During this time, Lang Lang practiced several hours a day.They started practicing at 5 o’clock which upset his neighbors.They would often pound on敲打his door and ask him to stop practicing.They were so angry that he often feared that they would beat him up毒打.Lang Lang usually had piano lessons once a week to prepare for the conservatory /kən'sɝvətɔri/音乐学校. Nearly 2000 students were applying for just 12 places at the conservatory.His lessons were expensive and very difficult, especially because of his piano teacher.His music teacher didn’t like Lang Lang.He called his teacher professor Angry because she always gave him a hard time.One afternoon, his teacher told him he had no talent and told him to go home.Hearing the news, his father screamed and seemed to lose his mind.His father told him that everything was destroyed and there was no reason to live.He ordered Lang Lang to jump off 跳下来the 11th-floor balcony.After this, Lang Lang almost went crazy. He didn’t want to play the piano anymore.For several months, he neither played the piano nor spoke to his father.Then some friends encouraged him to play a piece for them and he realized his great love of piano.For the next 19 months, he practiced hard and his father encouraged him.Finally, when he was ten, he was accepted into the Conservatory with a full scholarship.In 1995, when he was 13 years old, he played music by show * at Beijing concert hall.In that same year, he won first place at an international competition for young musicians in Japan.When he was 15, he moved to the United States and began to study with the famous pianist at C institute.Since then, he career has grown and he has become a major star.One of the American music critics called him the biggest most exiting key of talent I haven’t encountered many a year of attention piano recycles.In 2010, Lang Lang signed a recalling contract for several million dollars.In 2011, he performed at white house for president Obama of United States and Hu Jintao of China.With all of his success and fame, Lang Lang tries to encourage others.He uses his fame to spread the popularity of classic music and encourage young musicians.And in the end, Lang Lang and his father have rebuilt their relationship.In his autobiography自传, Mr. Lang dedicated the book to his mother and father.it 3-2 vocabulary财务、地理A person debt is how much he or she owes to others.Debt can be in the form of money, products and services owes to someone else.If you borrow money, they were taking on new debt.An asset is something that has value, such as money, property or even a nice personality.Assets can be used to pay off debts.Specialized /'spɛʃə'laɪzd/ knowledge or skills are also assets that can be used to get a job or earn money.Real estate is properties such as land, houses and buildings.Buying, selling or renting property is the business of real estate.Buying or selling real estate is popular for investments.Inventory is a detail list of items in one’s possession /pə'zɛʃən/.In business, one’s inventory is the supply of items that are ready for sale.If a store runs out of the things for sale, it needs to resupply再供应its inventory.An investment is the purchase of assets with the hope that its value will increase.A good investment can produce income, such as rent income.If the value of that assets falls, the investment will lose money.------------------------------------------------------------------China is the second largest country in the world by land area.A major issue for China is the continuing持续的expansion of its desserts which had led the dust storms each spring. Many of the world most polluted cities are located there.Asia is referred to as Indian sub-continent.It’s called the sub-continent 次大陆because it separated from the rest of Asia by mountains and sea.It’s one of world’s poorest region with about 75% of the poor living in rural areas.Europe is western neighbor of Asia. It’s separate d from Asia by Ural Mountains乌拉尔which extent for 1500 miles in the north south direction from the Antarctic/æntˈɑrktɪk/ ocean.The Philippines is the only country in Asia with a majority of Christians /'krɪstʃən/.The Philippines is an island Nation with over 7000 islands. It’s located on the south China sea.The country’s capital city is Manila马尼拉.Asia is the world largest continent covering about 30% of the earth land area.Several island nations are also a part of Asia, including Japan.The world’s tallest mountain is in Asia, including Mount Everest埃佛勒斯峰.it 3-2 dialogue谈论投票选举Hey, have you dec ided how you’re going to vote？Not, I haven’t. I don’t like any kind of candidates.So you aren’t going to vote.Mu. I don’t know. Probably not. It seems like a waste of time.Really, why do you think of a waste of time？Have you listened to any of their speeches?Yes, I have and I agree that their speeches aren’t very good.Exactly. I can’t believe anything they say. They are just saying what they think we want to hear.Sure, you want to get elected. I admit th at the system isn’t perfect and it’s always ha ve .Whether I vote or not won’t make a difference. It’s all the show.Well, I think you should vote. Do a little research about the candidates.Have you?Yes, I have. I have looked into their backgrounds and their education.How can that help?For example, if they know something about science, it could help the government make a better decision about issues such as climate change.Yes, that’s good point. We need well-educated people make decisions.And I look to see what kind of people are supporting them.What issues do you think are most important?I guess for me, pollution, housing and taxes are important.I want to know how government plans to deal with these issues.Yes, I agree with you. Maybe I will vote, especially if we could get together and talk more about it.What about dinner tomorrow night?Sorry, I’m busy tomorrow night.Oh, that’s too bad. Do you have any time in the next few days? I will take you to a nice restaurant.Actually, I’m quite busy. But I may have time Sunday afternoon. We ca n have lunch someone near the office. Sure, that was for me. I will give you a call on Saturday and we can decide the details, ok?OK, I will be looking forward to seeing which candidate you support.L4 Unit 3-3 listening 蜜蜂、蜂农与环境Honeybees play an interesting and important role in nature.In additional to making honey, honeybees help many plants reproduce.They do this by pollinating the plant which means to transfer pollen.Pollination授粉occurs when pollen/'pɑlən/ 花粉is moved within a plant’s flower or carried to another flower. This is how the plant reproduce.For reproduction to succeed, the pollen must be transferred from the male part of the flower to the female part. Many plants depend on the pollen for reproduction. This included many fruits and vegetables.Beside honeybees, there are many other pollinators including birds, insects and other kind of bees.Without enough pollinators, many of our favorite fruits and vegetable will become more expensive and hard to find. This included almonds and cherries.Honeybee are important pollinators and play an important role in agriculture.Beekeepers are people who keep honeybees.In addition to collecting honey, some beekeepers provide pollination services for farmers.They do this by raising and managing colonies殖民地of bees.Farmers need colonies to pollinate their crops.Beekeepers can provide and manage of bee colonies to farmers.Honeybees are social insects that live in colonies.A bee colony consists of a queen bee, male drones 雄蜂and thousands of male worker bees.Each colony also contains eggs and immature未成熟的bees in various stage of development.The number of bees within a colony depends on the seasonal changes.A colony’s population increases during the warm season and decreases during the colder season.In recent year, many bee colonies have collapsed or disappeared.A bee colony collapses occurs when a majority of bee in colony disappear and leave behind the queen.Some beekeepers have reported losing 30 to 90 % of their colonies.This loss of bee colonies can cause significant problems for farmers who depend on them to pollinate their crops.In some parts of the world, a shortage of bees has increased the cost of renting bees by up to 20%.There are several possible causes for bee colony collapse. One possible collapse is the use of new pesticides农药. Other possible causes include infections from viruses, genetic factors遗传因素and malnutrition（营养不良）. Changing weather patterns may also play a role as summers get hotter and winters get colder.These changes in weather may weaken the bees, making it more difficult for them to fight infections.Whatever the causes of colony collapse, it’s important to un derstand that many parts of our world are interdependent.Changes that effect on one species may have serious effects on other species.A change to our environment, can start a chain of event that is difficult to predict.In any complex system such as the earth environment, small changes can cause a un consequences.The danger of un consequences is something that we all need to understand better.L4 Unit 3-3 vocabulary 商品、服务和工作Goods and services supply what people need or want.Goods are things such food and clothing.Services included things such as health care and police protection.A country needs natural and human resources.Natural resources include fresh water supplies, farmland and energy sources such as oil and wind.Human resources includes a skilled workforce that can produce goods and services.Once we had supplies of goods and services, they need to distribute throughout the country.Highways and railways are both way to transport thing from one part of country to another.Electricity are distributed through a system of transmition lines.We live in an age of advertising.Advertising lets people know about goods and services.It educates people about a product being advertised.Trade allows for the exchange of goods and services between different countries.Exports are goods and services that are sold to another country.Imports are goods and services that are brought from other country.For example, many countries import oil from countries such as Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯.Employees are the people who work for a company.Some employees do basic work such as operating a machine or driving a track.People who hire and direct the work of other are managers.Interview is one way to find out about a person who applies for a job.In an inte rview, the applicants can ask question about a company and company can find out about a person’s skills and experience.An entrepreneur is someone who starts a company.Entrepreneurs often have new ideas and ways of doing things that can give company advantage.Salary and benefits are used to attract new employees into a company.If the salary and benefits are good enough, employees may take a job and stay with the company.Benefits includes vacation time, health insurance and bonuses for employees who do a good job.When apply for job, it’s important to have skills and experience needed for the job.Developing and increasing skills and experience is good way to prepare for a job.Each job a person has is an opportunity to learn new things and develop new skills.Advertises try to increase to the demand for a product or service.Education and training are ways to develop a skilled workforce unforeseenL4 Unit 3-3 dialogue 谈论租房与房东You don’t look g ood, is something bothering you？Yes, it’s my landlord房东.Oh, is it something wrong with your flat.No, that’s not something wrong with the flat. But I’m going to have to move out.Why did you have to move out?For the last 2 month, a friend has been staying with me. She stayed until she could find a job.Tha t’s nice of you.Yes, but I’m not supposed to have anyone staying there.Was that in the rental agreement？Yes, it was. It’s ok if a friend stays for a few days but not for more than that.So you broke the agreement even though it was for a good reason.Anyway, one of my neighbors told the landlords about my friend. So now I’m in trouble. The landlord is angry and says she can’t trust me.That’s ridiculous.I told her about my friend and how I’m trying to help her, but she doesn’t care.Wow, she doesn’t s ound very nice.That’s right, she isn’t nice. She’s just interested in money. In fact, she is going to keep my security deposit 押金. How can she do that？Nothing is damaged, right.Right, everything in the flat is fine.She’s keeping the deposit because I b roke the rental agreement.What about your rent？Yes , that’s another problem. I already pay 3 months rent so I hope I can get it back.What can you do if she doesn’t return it？I don’t know. I told to my agent. He’s nice and maybe he can help.Maybe I should refuse to leave the flat until I get it back.Be sure to take picture of your flat.What for?Just to show the condition of your flat. Then she can’t say your friend damaged it anyway.Good idea. She’s a small-minded心胸狭窄的, evil woman. I should never have rented it from her in the first place.L4 Unit 3-4 listening 职业What kind of career is the best and what kind of qualification?One of most popular careers for kids is the to become an astronaut.Many kids dream of going space when they grow up.They dream of work on a space station or exploring deep space.To become an astronaut, it’s important to have the right background.Many astronauts have a background in engineering, physics or medicine.Sometimes they have a military background, such as flying military aircraft.As for pay, astronaut can earn a good salary but not great.Another popular career is to become a musician or actor.Many kids dream of become a famous singer or movie stars.However, most of musician or actor don’t become famou s.They are usually paid by the hour or by the performance.Only a very few have lots of money.So the best advice is not to be a musician or actor unless that’s your real passion.Becoming a professional athlete is another dream job for many.It’s ni ce to imagine play a favorite sport and getting paid for it.However, becoming a famous athlete takes a lot of work and practice.Great athletes practice for hours a day with teammates and coaches.They also work regularly with trainers to keep their body strong.The level of pay for athletes depends on the success and the level of their performance.Athletes often have short career because of the physical requirement of their sport.When you are no longer able to compete in a high level, some athletes become coaches.Firefighters and police officers are important job that help and protect people.These careers require applicants to complete training programs and pass the written and physical tests.These jobs can be exciting and dangerous so they require courage and sometimes sacrifice.When considering salary and benefits, some of the lowest paying jobs are in the hospitality and beauty industries. For example, food service worker and hairstyles generously have low salaries.This kind of j ob don’t require much of the education or training.But again, if you enjoy what you’re doing, that may be good enough.For example, you may really enjoy talking with your customers.Spending your life doing something you dislike can be very unsatisfying, even if the salary is high.Some of the highest paid professions includes doctors, lawyers and scientists.However, these professions 职业require high level of education and training.The path to becoming a doctor, for example, is a long one.Doctors require a university degree, several years in medical school, and several more years in experience.Only then are they certified as a medical doctor or MD.So it doesn’t make sense to consider these professions unless you are willing to work hard for ma ny years.And because, you should really care doing the work well.L4 Unit 3-4 vocabulary 战争和生物Civil 内战wars are fought between citizens of the same country and are fought within the country.If citizens of a country disagree about the policy or leader, they may fight a civil war.A world war is fought when countries form alliances and these alliances fight each other.A world war involves many or most of the world’s most powerful countries.There were 2 world war in the 20th century.Terrorism involves groups of individuals rather than countries.Terrorists may come from different countries and they may share the same beliefs.Terrorists often use car-bombings or suicide attacks on innocent people.A terrorist attack can happen at any time and any place.An invasion侵略occurs when one country attacks another.It sends its army to the other country and attempts to take control.One of most famous invasions was when France invaded Russia in 1812.A defensive 防御的war occurs when a country is attacked and needs to defend itself.Most of countries have military so that it can defend itself if it’s attacked.When France invaded Russia in 1812, the Russia army fought a defensive war and defeated the French army.A cell 细胞is the basic unit of life.A cell is smallest structure that can live and reproduce.Cells grow and develop, reproduce and interact with the environment.Photosynthesis光合作用/,foto'sɪnθəsɪs/ was one of most important biological processes.It allows plants to capture and use light as an energy source.Photosynthesis is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy.A virus is small biological structure that attacks and enters cells.Once inside a cell, a virus reproduces and makes many copies of itself.Some diseases such influenza /,ɪnflu'ɛnzə/ (流感)are viruses.Bacteria are one-celled forms of life that are all around us.Although they have a single cell structure, they are very important.Many bacteria are inside us and help us digest our food.DNA is a complex molecule that stores information and can make copies of itself.Nearly any cells in a person’s body has the same DNA.The information stored in DNA tells cells what to do and it’s necessary for reproduction.L4 Unit 3-4 dialogue 旅馆更换房间Good evening, sir. How can I help you?Yes, we just check in and our room is unacceptable. It’s room 1810.Is there something wrong with the room?Yes, there certainly is. We requested a non-smoking room but the room smiles of smoke.Let me check. Yes, that room is supposed to be a non-smoking room.Well, somebody certainly doesn’t follow the rules. The current smoke is cigars. We can hardly breath and the windows don’t open.Right, the windows don’t open, sir. I really sorry about this. Let me see if I can find you another room.Yes, please. We certainly can’t stay in that room. Both our kids have asthma哮喘/'æzmə/, so the smell of smoke can cause breathing problems.Yes, I understand your concern. Sir, I’m afraid we don’t have any other rooms with two double beds. If you’ll excuse me, I will speak with my manager.Thank you. We were really tired and we would like to get rest as soon as possible.Yes, I understand. If you don’t mind, could you wait in the lounge 休息室near the elevators? I sh ouldn’t be long. Sure, I hope it doesn’t take time.Good evening, I’m the manager here. I’m sorry to hear about your room.Yes, we are not happy and we were really tired. I hope you can help us.I’m sure we can. Since we don’t have another non-smoking room for you, we will upgrade your suite. Will that be ok?Yes, there will be fine. There is no extra cost, right.No, sir. There would be no extra charge.And it’s non-smoking, right.Yes, sir. I’ve confirmed that is non-smoking.Thanks I really appreciate your help.It’s my pleasure, sir. I hope you and your family have a wonderful stay with us. Here is my card. If there is anything else I can do for you, please let me know.I will. Have a good evening.Thank you, sir. And once again, let me apology for the same inconvenience.。

英语流利说（懂你英语）Level2Unit1Part4

英语流利说（懂你英语）Level2Unit1Part4L2-U1-P4 Listening :Income & ExpensesThe Jacksons live in a nice apartment.It's in a nice building.It's also expensive.The apartment isn't theirs.They don't own it.Another person owns it.That person is the owner of the apartment.The Jacksons rent it from the owner.That means they pay money to the owner.The Jacksons pay rent every month.Their rent is about 30% of their income. Fortunately, they both have jobs.They have two incomes.Together, their salaries are enough to live.But they don't have enough money for a car.Their rent is about 30% of their income.The Jacksons have many expenses.Their largest expense is the rent.It's about 30% of their income.The second largest expense is for their children's education.Their schools are not free.They pay for their kids to go to school.Their other expenses include food and clothes.They also save some money every month.They save about 10% of their income.They put this money in the bank.------------------------------------------------------------------------ L2-U1-P4 Vocabulary :Transportationa bus stop: People get on a bus at a bus stop.a train station: People get on a train at a train station.a taxi stand: People wait for a taxi at a taxi stand.a subway entrance: A subway stop has several entrances.an airport: Airplanes take off and land at an airport.L2-U1-P4Vocabulary:Body Partseyes: We use our eyes to see things.ears: Our ears are on the left and right side of our head.a nose: Our nose is below our eyes and above ourmouth.a mouth: Our mouth is below our nose.hands: We use our hands to pick up things.a brain: Our brain is inside our head.We think with our brain.We hear with our ears.------------------------------------------------------------------------L2-U1-P4Vocabulary:Time of DayIt's morning. People get up in the morning and the day begins.It's afternoon. People eat lunch in the afternoon.It's evening. People eat dinner in the evening.It's night. At night people go to bed.It's daytime. It's light during the day because the sun is up.It's nighttime. It's dark at night because the sun is down.When do people get up? -People get up in the morning and the day begins.People get up in the morning and the day begins.When do people go yo bed? -People go to bed at night.At night people go to bed.When do people eat dinner? -People eat dinner in the evening.When does the day begin? -Our day begins in the morning and ends at night.People eat lunch in the afternoon.People go to bed at night.People get up in the morning and the day begins.Our day begins in the morning and ends at night.------------------------------------------------------------------------1L2-U1-P4Dialogue:Buying a DressA: Good afternoon, may I help you?B: Yes, I'm looking for a summer dress.A: Do you want a long dress or a short dress?B: I want something short but not too short.A: What about color? Do you have a favorite color? B: I like blue. Do you have a blue dress?A: Yes, we have several dresses.B: May I see them?A: Sure, please come with me.What kind of dress is she looking for? -She's looking for a summer dress.What is her favorite color? -Her favorite color is blue. May I help you?Please come with me.A: Here are two short blue dresses.B: I like this one. How much is it?A: It's usually 100 dollars, but it's on sale today.B: So how much is it today?A: I can give you a 20% discount.B: So that's 80 dollars, right?A: Yes, do you want to try it on?B: Yes, where can I put it on?A: There is a dressing room over there.How much does it usually cost? -It usually costs $100. Where does she try the dress on? -She tries it on in a dressing room.I'm looking for a summer dress.Where can I put it on?Good afternoon, may I help you?Do you want a long dress or a short dress?What about color? Do you have a favorite color?A: How does it fit?B: It fits well.A: You look beautiful.B: Thanks, but it's still too expensive. Can you give me a lower price?A: Sorry, I'm afraid not. That is the lowest price I cangive you.How does the dress fit? -It fits well.B: How about the other dress?A: it's a little more expensive, it's 120 dollars.B: Is it on sale?A: No, I'm afraid not.B: Well, I really like this dress.A: OK, 80 dollars is a good price for it.B: OK, I'll buy it.How much is the other dress? -The other dress is $120.A: Can you pay with cash?B: No, I want to use my credit card.A: Sure, no problem, we take all credit cards.B: Great.Why doesn't the woman want to use cash? -She wants to use a credit card.Can you pay with cash?It fits well.She looks beautiful.But it's still too expensive. Can you give me a lower price?2。

懂你英语Levelunit

Level 4 unit 1 part1ListeningChristina is on a two week vocation.This is the first vocation she has had for a long time.The last vocation she took was more than two years ago.Now she is visiting a friend in San Francisco.Her friend and her husband are living near the center of the city.He works for a start-up company in Silicon Valley.While he is working, she works part-time at a department store.-How long has it been since her last vocation–It’s been more than 2 years.-What kind of company do es her friend’s husband work for–A start-up company.Christina hasn’t seen her friend for a longtime.The last time they saw each other was three years ago.At that time, they were both working at a department store.Then Christina quitted her job and started her own business.She designs women’s clothing.She has two employees now and her company is slowly growing.-How long has it been since Christina last saw her friend –It has been 3 years.-Where were Christina and her friend working before she started her own business–They were working at a department store.-How long has it been since Christina started her own business–It’s been 3 years.Christina has come to San Francisco by herself.Her husband didn’t come, because he has to work.He tried to start a company two years ago, but it didn’t work out.His company failed after only a few months.So now he is working at another company and saving money.Once he saves enough money, he plans to start another company.He doesn’t want to give up.-Why hasn’t Christina’s husband come with her–He has to work.-Why is Christina’s husband saving money–He wants to start a new company.This is the second time Christina has been to San Francisco.The first time was when she was a high school student.That was more than ten years ago.During that trip, she was only in San Francisco for a few days.After that, she went to Los Angeles and New York.This time she and her friend plan to relax and have fun.-How many times has Christina been to San Francisco–She has been to San Francisco twice.-How long did she stay in San Francisco on her first trip–A few days.Christina arrived two days ago, the day before yesterday.Her friend met her at the airport, and drove her to her apartment.Her apartment is just north of the airport, about 20 minutes from San Francisco.It’s a small apartment, but it’s on a hill, and it has a great view. Yesterday they went downtown, and rode the cable cars.Christina was surprised by how steep the hills are.Then they walked along the ocean, and ate lunch at a sea food restaurant. Fromthe restaurant, they could see the Golden Gate Bridge.-How long has she been here–For two days.Tomorrow they are planning to drive to Yosemite National Park.By car, it’s about four hours aw ay.Christina has never been there before, so she is excited.She has heard that the park is very beautiful.Her friend has been to Yosemite several times.She says that it’s one of the most beautiful places in the world. Christina just hopes that her friend is a good driver.-How many times has she been to the Yosemite–Never.VocabularyHeadaches can be very painful, and can last for a long time.If you have a headache, your head hurts.A sprained ankle can be so painful that you can’t walk.Someone with a sprained ankle may need to use crutches to walk.If you have a sore throat, it may be painful to swallow.A sore throat can be caused by viruses or bacteria.A burn is an injury to the skin caused by fire or heat.If you get to close to a fire, you will be burned.An earache is a sharp, dull or burning pain in the ear.Common causes of an earache include an infection, a changing air pressure, or water in the ear.Mountains are land forms higher than 2000 feet or about 600 meters above sea level.Hills are like mountains but not as tall.Mountains are formed by forces deep within the Earth, and are made of different types of rocks.Rivers are streams of water that usually begin in mountains and flow into the sea.Many early cities were built alongside rivers.Most of the world’s water is in the oceans, which are large bodies of salt water.The oceans are also an important source of oxygen.Deserts are areas of land that receive little or no rainfall.The amount of rainfall in some deserts is so low that only a few plants can survive.A valley is a low relatively flat area between hills or mountains, oftenwith a river running through it. Somevalleys are formed by flowing water, and others are formed by glaciers. The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean, covering more area than all the continents put together.Desert temperatures can range from cold at night to very hot during the daytime, often above 120 degrees FDialogueM: Have you eaten yetW: No, I haven’t, and I’m hungry.M: Me too. L et’s go out for dinner.W: Where toM: What about Joe’s ItalianW: How many times have you eaten thereM: I eat there a lot. It’s one of my favorite places.-Why is she hungry–She hasn’t eaten yet.W: I went there two weeks ago, and the service was terrible.M:Really Then let’s go someplace else.-Why doesn’t she want to go to Joe’s Italian–She went there two weeks ago and the service was terrible.M: What do you suggestW: How about the Royal Ind ian It’s not far from here.M: I’ve never heard of it. Is it goodW: Yes, I’ve been there several times, and I’ve never been disappointed. -What’s one reason she suggests Royal Indian–It’s not far away.-Has she been to the Royal Indian before–Yes, she has.M: OK, let’s try it. I haven’t eaten Indian food for a long time.W: You won’t be disappointed, and the prices are reasonable.M: Ah, so you mean I’m going to pay.W: Well, that would certainly be nice.-How expensive is the restaurant–It’s reasona bly priced.M: What about reservationsW: If we get there early enough, we won’t need them.M: I hope you are right.W: Don’t worry, if we have to wait, I’ll pay the bill.-What would happen if they don’t get there early enough–They may have to wait.When she went there two weeks ago, the service was awful.She has been there several times.Level 4 unit 1 part2ListeningToday Christina and her friend are enjoying themselves.This morning they got up very early and drove out of San Francisco. They crossed the Bay Bridge before the early morning commute and drove south.Because it was so early, there were almost no cars.-How heavy was the traffic–There were almost no cars.After driving for an hour and a half, they stopped and had breakfast. They ordered pancakes and coffee.They also had some fresh fruit.When they finished eating, it was seven o’clock.Then they got back into the car, and drove south.Christina wanted to listen to music, so they turned on the radio.An hour later, they stopped for gas.They noticed that there was also a charging station for electric cars. -How did they order for breakfast–They ordered pancakes and coffee.-What did they do after they finished eating–They got back into the car and drove south.It’s now 1:15 (one fifteen), and they are in Yosemite Park.They have been there for two hours, since 11:15(eleven fifteen).They are looking at Yosemite falls, which is the highest waterfall in the park.The water drops a total of 740 meters from the top of the upper fall to the base of the lower fall.-When did they arrive at the park–They got there at 11:15.In another fifteen minutes, they planned to eat lunch at a magnificent old hotel in the park.It was built in 1927 and has a great view.They wanted to stay there but they couldn’t get reservations.To get a room at that hotel, you usually need to make reservations several months in advance.-When do you need to make reservations–You need to make reservations several months in advance.-Why couldn’t they get reser vations–They didn’t reserve early enough.They planned to stay in the park until around four o’clock.By then, they will have been in the park for nearly five hours.Then they will get back into the car and drive back to San Francisco. They plan to eat dinner somewhere along the way.If the traffic isn’t too bad, they should be back in San Francisco by ten o’clock.-When do they expect to be back in San Francisco–They expect to be back by 10 o’clock.-How long would they have been in the park if they leave as scheduled –For nearly 5 hours.Early tomorrow morning, they are going to cross the Golden Gate Bridge and go north along the coast.From some places you can look out on the ocean and see whales and other sea life.Christina has never seen a whale before, so she is looking forward to it.And tomorrow night they have something special planned.They are going to watch a baseball game.Christina has never seen a baseball game, but she has heard that it is very popular in the US. Andthe San Francisco baseball team is one of the best.-What does she hope to see from the coast–She hopes to see whales.-What are they going to do tomorrow morning–They are going to cross the Golden Gate Bridge.VocabularyA force is a push or a pull on an object.A force changes the motion of a moving object.A force can be strong or weak and it always has a direction.The Earth is a planet that goes around the sun in a circular orbit.The speed of its motion doesn’t change, but the direction of its motion does.The Earth has a layer of gas above its surface which helps to support life. Atoms are the building blocks of matter.At the center of an atom is its nucleus which has a positive electric charge. Outside the nucleus are electrons which have a negative charge. Asteroids and comets are objects that obey our sun, but are smaller than planets.Asteroids that pass close to the Earth are called near-earth objects. The layer of gases just above the Earth’s surface is our atmosphere. The atmosphere is made of gases such as oxygen and nitrogen. Withoutan atmosphere there would be no life on Earth.If they collide with Earth they could cause an extinction event.A force can increase or decrease the speed of an object, and it can change the direction of motion. Theelectric force between the nucleus and the electrons holds the atom together.The two lines on the left intersect each other at a right angle which is90 degrees.The two lines on the right are parallel which means they never cross. The adjacent sides of a rectangle are perpendicular which means they meet a 90-degree angle.The opposite sides of a rectangle are equal and parallel which means they never cross.The area of a rectangle is the length times the width.A circle is a two dimensional figure with a radius and a circumference which is the distance around the circle. Thearea of a circle is Pi R squared, where R is the radius and Pi is the ratio of the circle circumference to its diameter.A sphere is a three dimensional figure with a radius and a volume which is four thirds Pi R cubed.All points on the surface of a sphere are equidistant from its center.A right triangle is a two dimensional figure with three side, two of which are perpendicular.To find its area, multiply the length of the two perpendicular sides a and b and divide by 2, A equals 1 half ab.A rectangle is a 2 dimensional figure with 4 sides.DialogueM: Have you finished eating yetW: No, I haven’t. Why are you in such a hurryM: I’m sorry, but you are such a slow eater.W: A slow eater Well, I try to enjoy my food. You just eat and swallow.I don’t see how you can even taste it.M: OK, I’m sorry. Do you mind if I get another glass of wineW: No, go ahead. I don’t want you to sit there putting pressure on me.I thought we were going to have a relaxing evening.-What does she allow him to do–She allows him to get another glass of wine.A relaxing evening is the opposite of a high-pressure evening.M: Yes, you are right. I’d like to relax, but I have a lot on my mind.W: Work relatedM: Yes, it is. I’ve been getting some strange emails from my boss. He wants me to cut down on my expenses.Maybe he wants to fire me.His boss wants him to spend less.-What is he afraid of–He may lose his job.W: Is business badM: Yes, it is. But I don’t want to talk about it.W: OK, but I’m a good listener. You can tell me if you’d like to.-What doesn’t he want to talk about–He doesn’t want to talk about his business.M: Thanks. Maybe some other time.I’ll try to stop thinking about it until when it’s tomorrow.W: Good idea. You need to take a break from work.Your healthy is important, and so am I.M:Yes, you are. I don’t know what I would do without you.To deal with something means to do something about it.Level 4 unit 1 part3ListeningHarry is an American businessman.His job requires him to do a lot of travelling.He takes nine or ten trips a year.In the past six months, he has made five trips.Three were to Asia, and two were to Europe.The purpose of his trips is to attend meetings and make presentations. -What does his job require him to do–Travel a lot.-What is the purpose of his trips–Attend meetings and make presentations.His job requires him to attend meetings in many countries.Harry loves to travel and he’s travelled to many countries.Most of his trips are for one or two weeks.His first international trip was 15 years ago when he was 20 years old. He really wanted to see Asia, so he and his friend flew to Tokyo, Japan. -How long are most of his trips–for one or two weeks.From Tokyo, they travelled around Japan for 2 weeks.The people they met were very nice, but most of them didn’t speak English. Harry tried to speak a little Japanese, but it was difficult.He didn’t do very well.When he spoke to people, most of them just looked at him.They didn’t understand what he was trying to say.-What language did he try to use when he was in Japan–He tried to speak Japanese.He has made 5 trips in the last 6 months.From Japan, they went to Korea for a week, and then they went to China. In China, they visited the Great Wall near Beijing.They stayed in Beijing for a few days, and then boarded a train for Shanghai. It was an overnight train, with sleeping cars.-What kind of train did they take to Shanghai–It was an overnight train.-How long did they stay in Beijing–for a few days.During the journey, they enjoyed looking out the window at the countryside. The view from the train was wonderful.Harry will never forget watching the sun go down in the evening.It was a beautiful sunset.-What did they enjoy doing during the journey–looking out the window at the countryside.-What won’t Harry ever forget–Watching the beautiful sunset.The journey to Shanghai took many hours, but it was an unforgettable experience.On the train, they met a Chinese professor who spoke English. He was a middle-aged man, whose hair was turning grey.He told them about how things were changing in China.It was wonderful to watch him as he was speaking.His eyes were full of energy and excitement.-Who did they meet on the train–a Chinese professor.-What did the professor talk about–He talked about the many changes China was experiencing. They only stayed in Shanghai a couple of days.Then they returned to the US and went back to school.They had one more year to finish their studies.-Why did they return to the US–They went back to finish their studies.Harry’s next few trips were to different part of the world. He went to Europe twice, each time to different countries. On one trip, he travelled through the UK and France.On the next trip, he went to Italy and Greece.-How many times did he go to Europe–He went to Europe twice.After Europe, he travelled to Mexico and South America.In South America he went to Argentina and Brazil.He enjoyed watching some great soccer matches.-What countries did he visit in South America–Both Argentina and Brazil.Then he decided to go back to Asia.But this time he went to Southeast Asia.He visited Vietnam, Thailand and Singapore.Each country had a charm of its own.-Where did he go after he went to South America–He went to Southeast Asia.-How many countries did he visit in Southeast Asia–He visited 3 different countries.After all these travel Harry decided to make travel part of his career. He didn’t want to work only in the US.He didn’t want to work only with Americans.He wanted to experience other countries and other cultures. Hisdream was to work for an international company.-Why did he decide to work for an international company–he wanted to experience other countries and other cultures.-What was his dream–working for an international company.5 years ago, his dream came true.Now he is working for a German high-tech company.As part of his job, he has to travel a lot.As a result, he has been to many cities and countries.And he has met many interesting people.-What has happened as a result to his job–He has been to many countries and met many interesting people.-What kind of company is he working for–A German hi-tech companyVocabularyA dental cavity is a hole in a tooth.A cavity is caused by bacteria in the mouth.Brushing your teeth frequently and regularly can help prevent cavities.A crack tooth can be caused by biting down on something hard.Dentists treat a crack tooth by covering it with a crown.A dental X-Ray is a picture of your teeth and gums.An X-Ray shows what can’t be seen on the surface of the teeth and gums. Braces are used by dentists to strengthen teeth over a period of years. Through braces are usually for children, they can also be used for adults with crooked teeth.To exact a tooth means to remove it from the mouth.Dentists have to pull hard to exact a tooth.Braces are used on people with crooked teeth or after an injury.Biting down on something hard can be very painful.Dentist often inject something into the gum to block the pain during the extraction process.The heart pumps blood to all parts of the body through a system of arteries and veins.It’s located in the chest, between the lungs, and beats about once per second.The kidneys remove waste and toxins from the blood.They are bean-shaped organs, and are about 10 centimeters long and 6 centimeters wide.The lungs exchange oxygen from the air, with carbon dioxide from the blood. They expand when inhaling air, and contract when exhaling air.The stomach is blow the heart, and is part of the digestive system.It uses acids to digest food before passing it to the small intestine. The bladder is a balloon-shaped organ that collects urine from the kidneys. In an adult, the bladder can hold about half liter of urine.DialogueOfficer: Good evening, sir. You were driving too fast.Driver: really Was IOfficer: Yes, you were going well above the speed limit.Driver: I’m sorry officer.Officer: OK, I need to see your driver’s license.Driver: Here’s my driver’s license.-Why has he been stopped–He was driving too fast.He has given his driver’s license to the police officer.Officer: Your license has expired. Are you aware of thatDriver: No sir, that’s a surprise. I didn’t know.Officer: It has expired more than a year ago.-He probably knows that his license has expired, so…-he’s lying.-What has expired–His driver’s license.Officer: Is this your carDriver: No sir. It’s a friend’s. I’m borrowing it for a night.-Click the correct choice. –He probably isn’t telling the truth. Officer: Get out of the car, and put your hands behind your back. Driver: Why officer What have I doneOfficer: Just do as I say.Driver: OK, officer, I’m cooperating. Please don’t push me.-To cooperate means..–to do as asked.Officer: Get your hands behind your back.Driver: OK, OK.Officer: I’m not asking you, I’m ordering you.Driver: Please officer, I haven’t done anything wrong.-What is he supposed to do–to put his hands behind his back.-To order someone to do something means…-to command them to do it.Officer: Stay still, and don’t say anything. This is a stolen car. Are you aware of thatDriver: Are you going to arrest meOfficer: What do you think T hat’s what we do with car thieves.-Stay still means the same thing as…-Don’t move.-To be aware of means…-to know.Driver: If you let me go, I’ll give you a couple of thousand dollars. I haven’t hurt anybody.Officer: So now you are trying to bribe me. How stupid can you be Driver:I just don’t want to go back to jail. Give me a break.-What is the driver trying to do–bribe the officer.Officer: Sure, you’re a nice guy. I’d like to give you a break. But there’s nothing I can do.Driver: Please officer.Officer: OK, where’s the money Let me see it, and I’ll think about it. -If he takes the money, what would he be taking–a bribe.-An honest police officer will never…-accept a bribeLevel 4 unit 1 part4ListeningQuick Serve is a successful home repair company.It provides quick, reliable repair services to homes.It was established five years ago, and has been expanding rapidly.In the last two years, it has opened offices in three new cities.-How many offices has it opened in the past two years–It has opened offices in 3 new cities.-What services does it provide–It provides home repair services.-To be reliable means…-to be dependable.Because of its rapid growth, it has to hire many new employees.In the last six months, it has hired 50 new employees.The total number of employees in the company is now over 500. Andthe number of customers has increased to more than 5000.-How many people has the company hired in the last 6 months–It has hired 50 new employees.-Why does it have to hire new employees–It has been expanding rapidly.The company has also improved its business model.Instead of offering only repair services, it can now help customers to upgrade their appliances.Quick Serve does this by giving a choice.Customers can choose to repair an appliance, or upgrade it by buying a new one.If they choose to buy a new one, they will get a discounted price.So a customer can either repair a broken refrigerator for a small fee, or buy a new one.-To upgrade something means…-to add features or quality.If they buy a new one, they will get a discounted price, along with free installation.This is possible because several appliance manufacturers have agreed to give Quick Serve big discounts.Quick Serve then installs the new appliance, and removes the old one. Feedback from customers has been positive.-How have customers reacted to this service–Their feedback has been positive.-Who have agreed to give Quick Service big discounts–Several appliance manufacturers.A high percentage of customers have taken advantage of this new service. As a result, Quick Serve has developed a great reputation.Its dedication to high quality service has proven to be successful.Its word of mouth approach to advising has been cost effective.The appliance manufacturers have also been happy with the results.Their growing relationship with Quick Serve has helped to increase their sales.-What has proven to be successful–Its dedication to high quality service. QuickServe’s approach to business is proving to be successful.The world’s population is growing.There are now over 7 billion people in the world.During the 20th century, the population grows from billion to 6 billion. It’s now growing at a rate of around % per year. Thatmean it increases about 18 million per year.By 2024, the population has expected to be around 8 billion people.-How fast is the world’s population growing–The growth rate is about % per year.-What was the population at the end of the 20th century–around 6 billion people.The growth rate used to be higher.In the late 1960s, the rate of growth was about 2%.Since then, the growth rate has declined.It is estimated that the growth rate will be less than 1% by 2020. By the year 2050, the growth rate should be even less.-What has happened to the growth rate–It has declined since the 1960s.It is estimated that the growth rate should be even less.Even with the declining growth rate, the population will continue to grow. But it will grow at a slower rate.In the past 15 years the world’s population has more than doubled.It has doubled from around 3 billion in 1960 to more than 7 billion in 2011. -What has more than doubled in the past 15 years–the world’s population.The rate of growth varies by country.The growth rate in India is more than twice that of China.And the growth rate in Nigeria, which is in Africa, is more than twice India’s growth rate.Russia, on the other hand, has had a negative growth rate in some years. When a country has a negative growth rate, its population is decreasing. -How do the growth rates of India and China compare–India’s growth rate is h igherVocabularyCo-founder of Apple, this entrepreneur was a major figure in the computer industry.He was self-centered and difficult to work for, but he led the developmentof many great products.He died of cancer when he was just 56 years old.Jack ma is one of the richest and most famous men in China.He comes from a poor family and failed his college entrance exams twice. Despite of h is many failures, he has built one of the world’s largest internet companies.David Beckham is one of the world’s richest and most famous athletes. He started playing professional football when he was just 17.Much of his success as an athletes is because he practiced harder than many other players.As a young girl in Pakistan, Malala became famous for her writings on women’s education.In 2012, she was shot in the head and nearly killed.She survived the injury and became the world’s most famous teenager. Born in 1942, Stephen Hawking is one of the world’s most famous scientists. When he was 23, he was diagnosed with ALS, a real disease of the nerves. Becauseof his disease, he is unable to walk and talk.Though he was difficult to work for, his creative genius inspired others to do great work.Despite his condition, he has made important discoveries about the creation of the universe.Shy people are usually quiet and uncomfortable around other people. They generally dislike going to social events such as parties.It’s often difficult to make friends with a shy person because they won’t open up.Outgoing people enjoy being with others, and are comfortable in social situations.They’re friendly and pleasant to be with, though sometimes they can’t be trusted.Self-centered people like to be the center of attention.They like people to look at them and pay attention to them.Self-centered people often talk too much and don’t listen enough. Selfish and greedy people don’t share things with others.They keep things for themselves and always want more.People who are responsible and trustworthy are important in almost any situation.They can be depended on to get things down.These people can be trusted.Outgoing people often have many friends and can be quite popular DialogueM: Hey, Steven, you know I’m your friend, rightSteven: Sure. I know that. What are you trying to sayM: I’m sorry to say this. But I think you are making a fool of yourself. Steven: how am I making a fool of myselfM: Your girlfriend is taking advantage of you.Steven: Taking advantage of meM: Yes, I think so. She’s just using you.-To use someone means…-to take advantage of them.Steven: So, maybe she is. But I don’t mind. Even if she is using me, it’s OK. I’m using her too.M: What do you mean Are you joining in love with herSteven: Yes, I’m in love with her, but that doesn’t mean I’m not using her too.-Steven doesn’t mind if his girlfriend…-is using him.-How does Steven feel about his girlfriend–He’s in love with her.M: I don’t und erstand. What do you meanSteven: Maybe I’m using her because I enjoy being in love. I can’t imagine life without her. Even if she hurts mesometimes, I love her.-What can’t he imagine。

(懂你英语)英语流利说 Level3 Unit2 Part1(完整版)

Level3.Unit2 Part1作者：Ding MingListening: States of Matter物质状态Matter is made of atoms and molecules.Water, for example, is the H2O molecule.This means that a molecule of water has 3 atoms.这意味着水分子有3个原子。

A water molecule has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.Substances like sugar have many atoms in their molecules.A molecule of sugar has many atoms, including carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Matter is made of molecules, such as H2O, which is the water molecule.Matter can be one of three states, solid, liquid or gas.Water and ice are the same substance, but they are in different states.These states depend on the temperature of the molecules.When we heat a substance, the molecules move faster and try to take up more space. When we cool a substance, the molecules move more slowly.When we cool a substance to its freezing point, it becomes a solid.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------In a solid, the molecules move very little.Their positions are almost fixed.To be fixed means that their positions don’t change.If we heat the molecules, they move faster and away from each other.The solid begins to melt, like ice cream on a hot day.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------At a certain temperature, a solid begins to change into a liquid.The temperature at which a solid change into a liquid depends on the substance.For water, the solid begins to change into a liquid when its temperature rises to about 0 degree Celsius.For some substances, such as steel, the temperature at which it becomes a liquid is much higher.对于某些物质,如钢,它变成液体的温度要高得多。

(懂你英语)英语流利说 Level3 Unit1 Part1(完整版)

Level3.Unit1 Part1作者：Ding MingListening: An Unusual DayKathy usually gets up at 6:30, but this morning, she didn’t hear her alarm.As a result, she overslept.睡得太久，睡过头( oversleep的过去式和过去分词) She didn’t get up until 7:00, 30 minutes later than usual.As a r esult, she didn’t have time to cook breakfast for her children.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Today Kathy and her kids left home early.They usually leave home at 7:30, but today they left at 7:15.They left early because they had to buy breakfast on their way to school. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------It usually takes 45 minutes to drive her kids to school, but today it took longer.It took them longer because they stopped for breakfast along the way.It took 15 minutes for them to have breakfast.They ate at a little coffee shop along the side of the road.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- After eating breakfast, they got back into their car.On most days the traffic isn’t too bad in the morning.But this morning, it was much worse than usual.The cars were moving very slowly.As a result, it took them longer than usual to get to school.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------One of her children got to school on time, but the other two were late.They were late because their schools are farther away.They were both about 10 minutes late to school.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------When Kathy finally got home, she cleaned her house as usual.She vacuumed the living room and cleaned the bathroom.vacuumed:用真空吸尘器清扫（vacuum的过去式形式）vacuum: n.真空;空白;空虚;清洁v.用真空吸尘器清扫Then she talked with her friend on the phone as usual.When she finished talking with her friend she got into her car.She put the key into the ignition and tried to start the engine.发动机But her car’s engine didn’t start.Her car battery was dead, so she had to call for help.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- After getting a new battery for her car, the engine started.Then Kathy drove to the mall to meet her friend.She arrived at the mall an hour late, but her friend was waiting for her.They had lunch together and then they went shopping.They both bought new shoes and some things for their kids.Kathy bought a new tie for her husband.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------I t’s now 3:00 and everything is going as usual.Kathy doesn’t want anything else to go wrong.She wants the rest of the day to go as usual.She doesn’t wan t any more surprises.And tomorrow she won’t oversleep.She never wants to oversleep again.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Her friend was waiting for her at the mall.Listening: Bus ScheduleHere is a bus schedule at a bus stop.On most days, the buses come on schedule, but sometimes they don’t.Yesterday, for example, several buses were late.This is because the traffic yesterday was much heavier than usual.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bus No.38 was supposed to come at 8:40, but it was 5 minutes late.It didn’t come until 8:45.Bus No.60 was supposed to come at 8:30.But yesterday it didn’t come until 8:40.It was 10 minutes late.Not one bus came early.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- As a result of the delays, one man got on the wrong bus.He wanted to go to the airport, so he wanted to get on bus No.38.He expected it to come at 8:40.Instead, he got on bus No.60, which came at 8:40.He didn’t notice that it was the wrong bus.It didn’t go to the airport.As a result, he missed his flight.Vocabulary: Activities & FoodWeddings are where two people get married.This man and woman are getting married.The building in the middle is an office building.Many people come to work here during the week.These people are at a dance party.The woman in the green dress is dancing with her boyfriend.These two people are meeting for the first time.They are shaking hands.This young boy is brushing his teeth.He brushed刷his teeth several times a day.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Candies and cakes are sweet because they are made with lots of sugar.Eating too many sweets isn’t good for your teeth.Lemons and grapefruit taste a little sour, so some people don’t like them.Some sour tasting food have a lot of vitamin C.These red peppers are very hot and spicy.Eating hot or spicy foods raises body temperature, so don’t eat them before going to bed. These foods are deep-fried 油炸的and greasy. 油腻的Greasy foods have a lot of calories, so don’t e at them if you want to lose weight.Healthy foods are usually natural and don’t include dangerous chemicals.Fruits and vegetables are examples of healthy foods.Vocabulary: Spatial Relations空间关系triangle：三角形square：正方形 n.平方;广场;正方形;方格adj.平方的;正方形的;成直角的;（尤指在生意上）公平的adv.四四方方地;成直角地;正直地;坚定地vt.使成正方形;使成直角;检测…的角度;调整，改正vi.一致;成方形circle：圆n.圆;圈子;圆状物;一圈vt.圈出，包围;绕…运转vi.环绕，盘旋rectangle：长方形The triangle is inside the square.The square is around the triangle.The triangle is inside the circle.The circle is around the triangle.The square is inside the triangle.The triangle is around the square.The circle is between two small squares.There's a square on either side of the circle.The circle is on the left of a rectangle.The rectangle is on the right of the circle.Dialogue：Meeting at the AirportHey, where are you? I don't see you anywhere.I'm on the subway.My flight arrived early, and I'm tired.I'm sorry to be late. I'll be there as fast as I can.Where are you now?There are three more stops. I'll be there in ten minutes.I'll meet you at the bus stop in front of terminal 2.Then we can get a taxi.OK. I'll look for you in front of terminal 2. See you soon.Dialogue：Staying up lateWhat's the matter Tom?I don't feel well.Are you sick?No, I don't think so. I'm just tired.Didn't you get enough sleep?No, I didn't. I went to bed later than usual last night.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- What time did you go to bed?I didn't go to bed until 12:00.Why did you stay up so late?你为什么这么晚才睡？I was watching some videos on line.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------What kind of videos?Music videos from all over the world.Really?Sure, I'll send you some links if you like.Thanks, I like music videos too. They are really fun.谢谢，我也喜欢音乐录影带。

懂你英语L2-U2精细校对无错文本

Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 1 - [1] Describing People1.Dan is a pilot.2.He works for Global airlines.3.Global Airlines is an airline company.4.Dan flies airplanes all over the world.5.He’s tall and he has brown hair.6.He often wears sunglasses.7.Lisa is a student.8.She has black hair.9.She has a round face.10.She’s wearing a yellow dress.11.Kathy lives in Canada.12.She has three children.13.Her husband is Paul.14.She has brown hair and blue eyes.15.This man is 65 years old.16.He has three grandchildren.17.He has grey hair.18.He also has a grey beard.19.He always wears glasses.20.He wears glasses because he can’t see very well.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 1 - [2] Lisa’s Class Schedule1.This is Lisa’s class schedule for today.2.She gets to school at 7:55.3.Her first class starts at 8:00.4.It’s her math class.5.It lasts for 50 minutes.6.It finishes at 8:50.7.She has a 10-minute break from 8:50 until 9:00.8.Her second class starts at 9:00.9.It finishes at 9:50.10.Then she has another 10-minute break.11.Her third and fourth classes go until 11:50.12.She and her classmates have lunch at 12:00.13.They eat in the cafeteria.14.After lunch she has her first afternoon class.15.It’s starts at 1:00 and finishes at 1:50.16.Today it’s her science class.17.Her last class starts at 2:00 and finishes at 2:50.18.After school, she walks to the subway.19.She gets home around 3:45.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 1 - [3] Spatial Relations1.The girl is standing behind the boy.2.The boy is standing in front of the girl.3.This boy is standing behind a chair near the door.4.Two women are standing next to each other.5.They are talking to each other.6.They are facing each other across a table.7.They are sitting at a table near a window.8.The boy is facing the stairs.9.The girl is facing away from the stairs.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 1 - [4] Jobs & Places1.A mechanic.2.A mechanic fixes cars.3.Doctors and nurses.4.Doctors and nurses help sick people.5.A dentist.6.A dentist cleans and fixes teeth.7.A salesperson.8.A salesperson sells things in a store.9.A bank teller.10.A bank teller works in a bank.11.A waiter.12.A waiter works in a restaurant.13.A bank.14.You can get money at a bank.15.A hospital.16.Sick people go to a hospital.17.There are many doctors and nurses in a hospital.18.An office building.19.There are many office workers in an office building.20.There are many offices in an office building.21.An office.22.Office workers usually work in an office.23.A hotel.24.Many people stay in a hotel.25.You can get a room in a hotel.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 1 - [5] Directions & TimeA1.Excuse me?2.Is there a bank around here?3.Yes, there is.4.There’s one in the shopping center.5.Which way is the shopping center?6.Go to the end of the street, and turn left.7.From there is about 50 meters.8.When does the bank close?9.I think it closes at 6:00.10.Oh, it’s almost 6 now.11.It’s 5:45, so you still have 15 minutes.12.If you walk fast, you can get there.13.The bank is next to a clothing store.14.Thanks for your help.15.You are welcome. Good luck.B1.Do you know what time it is?2.Sure, it’s 10:45, why?3.I don’t see Steve in his office. He’s usually here by 9:30.4.Do you know where he is?5.Yes, I do. He is in a taxi. He is on his way to the airport.6.Why is he going to the airport?7.He’s going to meet a friend.8.That’s nice. Do you know who it is?9.Yes, I do. But it’s a secret.10.A secret?11.Yes, so don’t tell anyone.12.I won’t, who is it?13.Sorry, I can’t tell you.14.Is it the man or woman?15.Sorry. I can’t tell you anything.16.Steve doesn’t want anyone to know she’s here.17.I see.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 1 - [6] Small & Large Numbers1.Zero point one equals one-tenths.2.Zero point two equals two-tenths.3.Zero point two five equals one-fourth.4.Zero point five equals one half.5.Zero point seven five equals three-fourths.6.Zero point zero one equals one hundredth.7.One point five equals one and a half.8.Zero point zero zero one equals one one-thousandth.9.One point two five equals one and a quarter.10.Zero point nine equals nine-tenths.11.One hundred.12.One thousand. (1,000)13.Ten thousand. (10,000)14.One hundred thousand. (100,000)15.One million. (1,000,000)16.Three thousand five hundred. (3,500)17.Three hundred fifty thousand. (350,000)18.Four hundred fifty-seven thousand one hundred. (457,100)19.Four million one hundred thousand and ten. (4,100,010)20.One billion. (1,000,000,000)Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 2 - [1] At School1.This is Lisa’s daily schedule.2.She goes to school five days a week.3.She gets up at 6:30.4.She gets dressed between 6:30 and 6:40.5.At 6:45 she eats breakfast.6.After breakfast she brushes her teeth.7.She leaves for school at 7:00.8.It takes between 40 and 50 minutes to go to school.9.Sometimes she takes the subway.10.Sometimes she takes a bus.11.She usually gets to school around 7:45.12.Her first class begins at 8:00.13.At 12:00 she has lunch with her friends.14.After lunch she has classes until 2:50.15.She leaves school around 3:00.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 2 - [2] After School1.After school she goes home.2.She usually gets home around 3:45.3.When she gets home she cleans her room.4.Then, at 4:00, she sits down at the piano and begins to practice.5.She usually practices for about 45 minutes until around 4:45.6.But sometimes she practices for an hour.7.After practicing, she does some homework.8.She does homework until dinner time, which is at 6:00.9.After dinner she washes the dishes.10.Then she goes to her room and starts doing her homework.11.From 7:00 until around 9:00, she does her homework.12.She also talks with her friends on the phone.13.Sometimes they work on their homework together.14.Sometimes she has a lot of homework.15.On those nights she does homework until 9:30 or later.16.After finishing her homework, she likes to read.17.Lisa loves to read good books in bed.18.She usually reads until around 10:30.19.She usually goes to bed between 10:00 and 10:45.20.Sometimes she goes to sleep right away.21.Sometimes she can’t sleep, so she listens to some piano music.22.She’s usually sleeping by 11:00.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 2 - [3] Jobs & Places1.A bus driver.2.A bus driver drives a bus.3.A fisherman.4.A fisherman catches fish.5.Policemen.6.Policemen catch people who drive too fast.7.A farmer.8.A farmer grows food such as rice or tomatoes.9.A thief.10.A thief steals things such as purses and wallets.11.Business people.12.Business people often work in office buildings.13.A coffee shop.14.You can have coffee and some food in a coffee shop.15.A cinema.16.You can see a movie in the cinema.17.A department store.18.You can buy clothes and many other things in a department store.19.A supermarket.20.You can buy food, toothpaste and shampoo in a super market.21.A stadium.22.You can watch sports in a stadium.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 2 - [4] Daily Actions1.Wake up.2.She’s waking up.3.Get dressed.4.He’s getting dressed.5.Brush teeth.6.She’s brushing her teeth.7.Take a shower8.He’s taking a shower.9.Eating breakfast.10.She’s eating breakfast.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 2 - [5] Ben’s InvitationA1.Good morning Lisa.2.Good morning Tom.3.What are you doing today?4.Nothing.5.It’s Saturday, so I’m just staying home. Why?6.I feel like seeing a movie.7.Why don’t we go to the cinema this afternoon?8.A movie?9.Sure. There are several movies showing in the cinema.10.I can get tickets online.11.I don’t know. Maybe.12.If the movies aren’t good, we can do something else.13.Like what? It’s cold, and it might rain.14.We can go to the mall and get pizza.15.Okay, I’ll ask my mom and call you back.16.Great. I hope your mom says okay.17.Yes, me too.18.Bye Tom.B1.Tom.2.Hi, Lisa.3.Sorry, but I can’t go.4.My mom wants me to stay at home.5.Why does she want you to stay home?6.She wants me to finish my homework.7.That’s too bad.8.Sorry, maybe we can see a movie next week, okay?9.Sure, next week would be fine. Anyway, have a good day.10.Thanks, Tom. You too.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 2 - [6] Letter, Times & Numbers1.Sunday is the last day of the week.2.Tuesday is the second day of the week.3.If today is Monday, tomorrow is Tuesday.4.If today is Thursday, the day before yesterday was Tuesday.5.One minute is sixty seconds.6.Thirty minutes is half an hour.7.Six thirty is half past six.8.Six forty-five is a quarter to seven.9.January is the first month of the year.10.February is the second month of the year.11.Zero point one equals one-tenths.12.Zero point zero zero one equals one one-thousandth.13.One million. (1,000,000)14.Three hundred fifty thousand. (350,000)Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 3 - [1] Ben’s Weekly Schedule1.This is Ben’s weekly schedule.2.On weekdays, he goes to school from 8:00 until 3:30.3.He usually has basketball practice after school.4.On Monday his team practices for two hours.5.They practice from 3:45 until 5:45.6.On Tuesdays and Thursdays, they practice for an hour and a half.7.They finish practicing around 5:15.8.On Wednesdays they practice until 6:00.9.On Fridays they have a short practice.10.They finish at 5:00, so he can go home early.11.On Saturday they have their games.12.They play against other schools.13.The games are in the afternoon.14.This year their team isn’t doing well.15.Their record is 3 wins and 4 losses.16.Ben never has practice on Sundays.17.On Sundays he does homework.18.In the afternoon, he and his family spend time together.19.Sometimes they watch a movie.20.Sometimes they just stay at home.21.Ben likes to play chess with his father.22.His father is a good chess player.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 3 - [2] Ken’s Schedule1.Ken is a taxi driver.2.He and his wife live in Tokyo.3.Ken is 40 years old.4.His wife Seiko, is a nurse.5.She works in a hospital.6.Ken owns his own taxi.7.His schedule varies.8.It changes every day.9.On rainy days he works for 8 hours.10.It’s easy to get passengers on rainy days.11.On other days he works for 5 or 6 hours.12.He usually works 5 or 6 days a week.13.He never works on Sundays.14.He prefers to work at night, from six until midnight.15.There is less traffic at night.16.That means there are fewer cars on the road.17.During the day, there is a lot of traffic.18.The streets are crowded with too many cars.19.Too many cars on the road means heavy traffic.20.Ken doesn’t like driving in heavy traffic.21.The traffic doesn’t move.22.There are too many cars.23.Ken likes being a taxi driver.24.He likes to talk to his passengers.25.Most passengers are very nice.26.Some of them are very interesting.27.They come from different countries.28.They have different kinds of jobs.29.Unfortunately, some passengers are very rude.30.They get angry and are not polite.31.They never say ‘Please’ or ‘Thank you’.32.They want him to drive fast, even in heavy traffic.33.It’s not possible to drive fast in heavy traffic.34.And they don’t say ‘Thank you’ when they leave.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 3 - [3] Daily Actions & Emotions1.Leave.2.They are leaving home in the morning.3.Return.4.They are returning home in the evening.5.Arrive.6.He is arriving at work in the morning.7.Work.8.She is working at her desk in an office.9.Talking.10.He is talking with a friend on his phone.11.Listening.12.She is listening to music.13.A happy face.14.She’s smiling because she’s happy.15.A sad face.16.She has a sad face because she’s sad.17.An angry face.18.This person isangry.19.Afraid.20.This man is afraid of something.21.Tired.22.This man is tired because he doesn’t get enough sleep.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 3 - [4] Measure1.A box.2.This box has three dimensions: length, width and height.3.Its length and width are both 1cm.4.Its height is 1.5 centimeters.5.A grey ball.6.This ball weighs 1 kilogram, or 2.2 pounds.7.A moving car.8.This car’s speed is 60 miles per hour, or about 97 kilometers an hour.9.Two moving cars.10.These two cars are moving in the opposite direction.11.The red car is going west, and the green car is going east.12.Two purses.13.These two purses look the same, but their cost is quite different.14.The purse on the left costs $100 more than the purse on the right.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 3 - [5] Taxi Chat1.Good evening.2.Where do you want to go?3.I want to go to the train station.4.I am in a hurry.5.My train leaves in an hour.6.Which train station?7.The East station or the West station?8.It’s the East station.9.Oh, the traffic is very bad now.10.It’s going to take time.11.How much time?12.Maybe 40 minutes.13.Please hurry. I don’t want to miss my train.14.Driver, can you go any faster?15.Sorry sir, as you can see, the traffic isn’t moving.16.Sorry, but you’re going to miss your train.17.Okay, let me out at that subway stop.18.Maybe I can get there by subway.19.How much do I owe you?20.Just a minute.21.The fare is $15.22.Do you want a receipt?23.No thanks.24.I don’t need a receipt.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 3 - [6] Steven’s New Friend1.What do you think of Steven’s new friend?2.She’s very pretty.3.But I don’t like her.4.Why not?5.She just talks about herself.6.She talks and talks, but she never listens.7.I don’t know why Steve likes her so much.8.Well, she is pretty.9.Yes, she’s pretty and boring.10.Don’t you agree？11.Yes, I see what you mean.12.She is boring.13.But maybe she isn’t always boring.14.What do you mean?15.Maybe she just doesn’t know how to be around other people，16.Maybe you’re right.17.Steve really likes her, so she must be nice.18.Right, we still don’t know her very well.19.Let’s give her more time.20.Okay, at least she’s nice to look at.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 4 - [1] Christina’s Daily Routine1.Christina works in a department store.2.She sells women’s clothing.3.She also sells cosmetics, like lipstick and perfume.4.Many of her customers are young women.5.They spend lots of money.6.They buy dresses because they want to be beautiful.7.Christina helps them decide which dress to buy.8.Christina works from 10:00 until 7:00.9.After work she meets her boyfriend.10.They usually meet in the front of the department store.11.He is always waiting there, except in rainy weather.12.On rainy days, he waits at the subway stop.13.It’s across the street from the department store.14.They usually have dinner together.15.Sometimes they eat dinner in his apartment.16.He has a nice apartment because he has a good job.17.He earns a lot of money.18.He is also an excellent cook.19.He can cook Italian and Mexican food.20.Cristina isn’t a very good cook.21.She doesn’t like cooking.22.But she likes to design new clothes.23.She wants to become a clothing designer.24.Someday, she wants to open her own shopLevel 2 - Unit 2 - Part 4 - [2] Seiko’s Work1.Seiko is a nurse.2.She works in a hospital in the center of Tokyo.3.She takes a bus to and from work.4.The trip from home to the hospital takes about 30 minutes.5.Her schedule varies.6.She usually works 4 or 5 days a week.7.In some weeks she works late at night.8.In other weeks she works during the day.9.When she finishes work, she’s always tired.10.Seiko works very hard, but she likes her job.11.She likes to help her patients.12.Some of her patients are very old.13.Some of them are very close to death.14.Some of them are very young.15.They have a long life ahead.16.Some of her patients have broken bones.17.It takes time for them to get better.18.She also enjoys working with the doctors.19.The doctors in her hospital are very good.20.She and the doctors work well together.21.They do their best to help the patients.22.She thinks it’s an excellent hospital.23.She is happy to work there.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 4 - [3] Shapes & Daily Actions1.A triangle.2.A triangle has three sides.3.In this triangle, sides AB and BC are perpendicular to each other.4.A square.5.A square has four equal sides.6.All four angles are right angles, or 90 degrees.7.Two intersecting lines.8.These two lines intersect, or cross, at a 90-degree angle.9.They are perpendicular to each other.10.A circle is round.11.All points on a circle are the same distance from its center.12.Two parallel lines.13.These two lines never intersect, because they are parallel.14.An angle.15.These two lines meet at a 30-degree angle.16.A circle has no straight lines.17.Watch something.18.They are watching a movie on television.19.Meet someone.20.He is meeting her for the first time.21.Talk with someone.22.He is talking with a friend on his phone.23.Work with someone.24.She is working with her co-worker.25.Interview someone.26.She is interviewing a famous basketball player.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 4 - [4] Measure1.A box.2.This box has three dimensions: length, width and height.3.Its length and width are both 1cm.4.Its height is 1.5 centimeters.5.A grey ball.6.This ball weighs 1 kilogram, or 2.2 pounds.7.A moving car.8.This car’s speed is 60 miles per hour, or about 97 kilometers an hour.9.Two moving cars.10.These two cars are moving in the opposite direction.11.The red car is going west and the green car is going east.12.Two purses.13.These two purses look the same, but their cost is quite different.14.The purse on the left costs $100 more than the purse on the right.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 4 - [5] Hotel Reservation1.Good evening sir.2.May I help you?3.Good evening.4.I’d like a room please.5.Do you have a reservation?6.No, I’m afraid not.7.No reservation?8.I’m sorry, sir.9.We don’t have any rooms for tonight.10.I really need a room.11.Don’t you have anything?12.No, sir.13.We’re completely full.14.Is there another hotel nearby?15.Can you recommend one?16.There’s another 5-star hotel just down the street.17.Maybe they still have rooms.18.Yes, I know that hotel.19.It’s too expensive.20.Do you know any other hotels nearby?21.Well, there’s a 3-star hotel not far away.22.The room’s small, but it’s clean.23.Could you give me its number?24.I can call them for you if you’d like.25.Yes, could you?26.Sir, I called them, and they have several rooms.27.You can go there now and check in.28.Thanks, I’ll stay there tonight.29.How about tomorrow night?30.Do you have any rooms for tomorrow night?31.Yes, I think we do.32.Okay, I’d like to reserve a room for the next three nights.33.Here’s my credit card. What time can I check in tomorrow?34.Check in time is 2:30.35.Okay, I’ll be back at 2:30 tomorrow.36.Thanks for your help.37.You are welcome, sir.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 5 - [1] Today’s Schedule1.This is what Lisa did earlier today.2.This morning she got up at 6:30.3.She got dressed between 6:30 and 6:40.4.It took ten minutes for her to get dressed.5.At 6:45 she ate breakfast.6.After breakfast she brushed her teeth.7.She left for school at 7:00.8.This morning she took the subway to school.9.It took 45 minutes to get to school.10.She got to school at 7:45.11.Her first class began at 8:00.12.At 12:00 she had lunch with her friends.13.After lunch she had classes until 2:50.14.She left school around 3:00.15.She got home a few minutes ago at 3:45.16.This is what Lisa is going to do for the rest of the day.17.It’s now 3:55 and she’s cleaning her room.18.She’s putting away her clothes.19.She’s also deciding what she’s going to wear tomorrow.20.In about 10 minutes she’s going to practice the piano.21.She usually practices for about 45 minutes.22.After practicing, she’s going to do some homework.23.She does homework until dinner time, which is at 6:00.24.After dinner she’s going to wash the dishes.25.From 7:00 until around 9:00 she’s going to do her homework.26.She may call her friends on the phone so they can work together.27.After finishing her homework, she’s going to read.28.She’s reading a very good book.29.She started it last week.30.Tonight she’s going to finish it.31.After she finishes it she’ll turn off the light and go to sleep.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 5 - [2] Party Plan1.This Sunday Den is going to have a party.2.It’s going to be at his house.3.The best way to go there is by subway.4.If you go by car, there’s no place to park.5.These are the directions to Den’s house.6.Take the subway to West 8th Street.7.Go out the north exit.8.In front of the exit is a park.9.Turn right and go two blocks, to 3rd Avenue.10.When you get there, turn left and go about 50 meters.11.The house will be on your right.12.The address is 755 3rd Avenue.13.Sometimes there’s a large dog in front of the house.14.Don’t be afraid. It won’t bite.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 5 - [3] Shapes & Body Parts1.A cube.2.A cube is a three-dimensional object with equal sides3.A circle4.A circle has a radius and a diameter.5.A sphere.6.A sphere is round and has the shape of a ball.7.Perpendicular lines.8.Perpendicular lines meet at a 90-degree angle.9.Area.10.The area of a rectangle is its length times its width.11.Volume.12.The volume of a cube is its length times its width times its height.13.Fingers.14.We have five fingers on each hand.15.We use our fingers to hold things.16.Toes.17.We have five toes on each foot.18.They are at the end of each foot.19.Legs.20.We use our legs to walk.21.Our feet are at the end of each leg.22.Arms.23.We use our arms to carry things.24.Our hands are at the end of each arm.25.Teeth26.Our teeth are in our mouth.27.We use our teeth to chew food.Level 2 - Unit 2 - Part 5 - [4] Astronomy1.The Sun.2.The Sun gives us energy.3.The Moon4.The light from the Moon comes from the Sun.5.Earth.6.This is our planet. It goes around the Sun once a year.7.Stars.8.We see stars as small points of light in the night sky.9.Galaxy.10.A galaxy has billions of stars.11.Except for our own galaxy, they are very far away.Level 2 - Unit2 - Part 5 - [5] Shopping for a Dress1.Good afternoon.2.May I help you?3.Yes, I’d like to look at some of your dresses.4.They’re on sale, right?5.Yes, everything is on sale.6.Can you recommend something?7.Is this for business or casual?8.It’s something for the office.9.Well, we have some very nice black dresses.10.May I see them?11.Sure, please come with me.12.Here are two very nice black dresses.13.One is fairly short, and the other is ankle length.14.They both look very nice.15.Why don’t you try them on?16.There’s a dressing room over there.17.Sure, thanks.18.The short one is nice, but a bit too sexy for the office.19.What do you think?20.It looks very nice on you.21.If you wear this white jacket with it, it doesn’t show too much.22.Yes, it covers my arms. I like it.23.How much is it?24.After the discount, it’s $300.25.$300? Does that include the white jacket?26.No, it doesn’t. The white jacket is $150.f27.What about the other dress? I’d like to try it on too.28.What do you think?29.I think it looks great on you.30.It shows your figure, but not too much.31.I think it’s too big in the waist.32.We can fix that.33.We can take it in a bit.34.What about the price?35.After the discount, it’s $350.36.If I buy the white jacket too, can you give me a better price?37.Yes, I think I can give you another 10% discount.38.So that’s $450 for both of them, right?39.Yes, that’s right.40.Okay, could you hold them for a couple of hours?41.I want my husband to see them.42.He can help me decide.43.Okay, I’ll hold them for you until 4:00.44.Thanks, I’ll be back in around an hour.。

(懂你英语)英语流利说 Level3 Unit1 Part4(完整版)

Level3.Unit1 Part4作者：Ding MingListening: Christina’s Future Plans1克里斯蒂娜的未来计划1 Christina sells women’s clothing in a department store.She usually works six days a week, but this week she’s going to take three days off. She’s taking time off so that she can visit her parents.Her parents live in the mountains about three hours away by train.They are looking forward to seeing her.They ha ven’t seen her for almost a year.Christina is their only child.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Christina isn’t going on the trip by herself.Her boyfriend is going with her.She is going to introduce him to her parents.She and her boyfriend want to get married.If everything goes well, they plan to get married in 6 months.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- After they get married Christina plans to quit her job.She wants to spend more time designing clothes.She wants to set up her own business.This will take time.Her boyfriend thinks it's a good idea.He is also thinking about starting his own business.They don’t plan to have children right way.In fact, they may decide not to have children.They don’t know yet.It's going to a big decision.这将是一个重大的决定。

懂你英语核心课 level2-unit1

L2-U1-1/5 ListeningJackson family 1A1. This is the Jackson family.2. It’s a family of four.3. Bill and Helen are the parents.4. They have two children.5. Both of their children are girls.练：1. They don’t have any boys.B1. Lisa is the oldest of the girls.2. She’s twelve years old.3. Angela is the youngest.4. She’s nine.5. They also have a dog.6. Its name is Jumper.7. Its name is Jumper because he likes to jump.8. Jumper can jump rope!C1. The Jackson family lives in Shanghai.2. They live in a large apartment building.3. Their apartment building has many apartments.4. Their apartment is on the 5th( fifth) floor.5. They usually take the elevator to the 5th(fifth) floor.6. Sometimes the elevator doesn’t work.7. Then they take the stairs.D1. There are many trees outside their apartment building.2. There is also a small pond.3. Inside the pond are fish and frogs.4. Lisa and Angela like to feed the fish.E1. There is also a family of ducks.2. There are two adult ducks and five baby ducks.3. Lisa and Angela like to watch the ducks.4. The baby ducks are getting bigger each day.L2-U1-1/5 vocabularynatural and animalA1. A tall tree.2. This tree is tall and green.3. A river.4. This river is long.5. A pond.6. Fish and frogs live in this pond.7. An ocean.8. We can’t drink ocean water.9. A mountain.10. Some mountains are very high.11. A forest.12. A forest has many trees.B1. A little dog.2. This little dog is walking.3. A sleeping cat.4. This cat is sleeping.5. Two birds in a tree.6. These two birds are in a tree.7. A frog.8. This frog lives in a pond.9. A family of ducks.10. This is a family of ducks.C1. A little dog.2. This little dog is walking.3. A black and white cat.4. This cat is sleeping.5. A bird.6. Birds can fly.7. A frog.8. This frog lives in a pond.9. Ducks.10. This is a family of ducks.D1. On the table.2. The keys are on the table.3. Under the table.4. There is a white ball under the table.5. Between.6. The boy is standing between the two girls.7. Next to.8. The keys are next to the green box.9. Inside.10. The boy is standing inside the circle.11. Outside.12. The girl is standing outside the circle.E1. Walk up.2. He is walking up some stairs.3. Walk down.4. She is walking down some stairs.5. Look out.6. She is looking out the window.7. Go to.8. They are going to the door.9. Come from.10. He is coming from the door.L2-U1-1/5 dialogueLisa and Bill’s introductionA1. Hello, my name is Lisa Jackson.2. This is my family.3. My parents are both teachers.4. My sister and I are both students.5. We go to the same school.6. We also have a dog.7. It’s name is jumper.8. My sister and I really like jumper.B1. My parents are not Chinese.2. But we live in China.3. We live in Shanghai.4. I can speak Chinese fairly well, and so can my sister.5. We like living in China.6. I like the people here.C1. Do you have any questions2. First question, how do you spell your English name3. My family name is Jackson, J-A-C-K-S-O-N.4. Thanks, how old are you5. I’m twelve years old.6. Do you like your school7. Yes, I do, it’s a good school.8. What time do you and sister go to school9. We go to school at eight o’clock.10. What time do you come home from school11. We come home around four o’clock.12. What language do you speak at home13. We speak English at home.14. Thank you, Lisa.15. You’re welcome.D1. Hi, I’m Lisa’s father, Bill.2. This is my wife, Helen.3. Yes, Bill is my husband, and we have two daughters.4. Lisa is our oldest daughter.5. She is twelve.6. Angela is our youngest daughter.7. She is nine.E1. My husband and I are both teachers.2. I teach children and he teaches university students.3. Yes, we both teach English.4. He teaches in the afternoon and evening.5. And she teaches in the morning and afternoon.6. Do you have any questions7. Can you both speak Chinese8. Yes, a little, but it isn’t very good.9. Our two daughters speak Chinese fairly well.10. Do you both take Chinese classes11. Yes, but we do n’t go to school.12. we study on line.13. I study a little big every day.14. Thank you.15. You welcome.L2-U1-1/5 Letter and Numberweek and hour/minutes/second1. There are seven days in a week.2. Monday is the first day in a week.3. Sunday is the last day of a week.4. Tuesday is the second day of a week.5. Wednesday is the third day of a week.B1. Thursday is the fourth day of a week.2. Friday is the fifth day of a week.3. Saturday is the first day of the weekend.4. Sunday is the seventh day of the week.5. The weekend days are Saturday and Sunday. C1. One minutes is sixty seconds.2. Ninety seconds is a minute and half.3. Thirty minutes is half an hour.4. Fifteen minutes is a quarter of an hour.5. forty-five minutes is three quarters of an hour.6. Sixty minutes is an hour.7. Ninety minutes is an hour and a half.8. Six fifteen is a quarter after six.9. Six thirty is half pass six.10. six forty-five is a quarter to seven.L2-U1-2/5 Listening.Jackson family 2A1. The Jackson’s apartment is fairly large.2. It has two bedrooms and two bathrooms.3. There is also a large living room.4. There’s a piano in the living room.B1. Their mother, Helen, can play the piano.2. She can play fairly well.3. Their father, Bill, likes to sing.4. But he doesn’t sing very well.C1. Lisa loves music.2. She plays the violin.3. She practices every day.4. With practice, she’s getting better.D1. Lisa’s parents both have jobs.2. They are English teachers.3. Her mother teaches English to children.4. Her father teaches English to adults.5. They both teach at schools.6. They don’t teach at the same school.7. Helen teaches at a primary school.8. Her students are between seven and nine years old.9. Bill teaches in a small university.10. His students are at least 18 years old.练：1. T hey don’t teach at the same school.2. They sleep in their bedrooms.L2-U1-2/5 Vocabularyroom and actionA1. A bedroom.2. People sleep in a bedroom.3. A bathroom.4. People take baths in a bathroom.5. A living room.6. People watch television in a living room.7. A kitchen.8. People cook food in a kitchen.9. A dining room.10. People eat food in a dining room.B1. This side.2. The boy is on this side of the table.3. The other side.4. The girl is on the other side of the table.5. The same side.6. They are on the same side of the street.7. The opposite side.8. They are on opposite side of the street.9. Next to.10. They are standing next to each other.11. Across from.12. They are sitting across from each other. C1. Buy it.2. She is buying a dress.3. Sell it.4. This shop sells flowers.5. Pay someone.6. Pay the taxi driver.7. Give it.8. Give money to someone.9. Steal it.10. He is stealing her phone.L2-U1-2/5 DialogueTom and LisaA1. Good morning, Tom, how are you today2. Good morning, Lisa, I’m find.3. I like sunning weather.4. Me too. What’s your first class today5. My first class is math.you like math7. Yes, I do. What about you8. No, I don’t, I’m not very g ood at math.B1. What are you good at2. I’m good at language.3. Do you read a lot.4. Yes, I do. I love to read.5. Anything else6. No, really. What about you What are you good at7. I can play basketball, I really like it.8. You’re tall, so that’s go od, right9. Yes, I’m tall, but I move fast.C1. Do you like sports2. Not so much.3. What do you like4. I love music, I play the violin.5. Are you good at it6. No, not yet.7. But I practice every day.8. I’m getting better.9. Great.10, Ok, see you later, Tom.11. Bye, Lisa.D1. Hi, Tom.2. Hi, Lisa.3. Do you have any brothers or sisters4. No, I don’t, I don’t have any brothers or sisters.5. Do you have a pet6. A pet Do You mean a dog or a cat7. Yes, we have a dog.8. We have a cat.9. Oh, I l ike cats, but my mom doesn’t like it.E1. What’s your cat’s name2. Its name is Mimi.3. Oh, it’s a girl cat.4. Yes, that’s right.5. What does Mimi like to do6. She likes sleep, she’s sleep a lot.F1. Do you have a picture of it2. Yes, I have a picture on my phone.3. Wow, she is a beautiful cat.4. Thanks, I think so too.L2-U1-2/5 Letter and Numberweek and monthA1. There are seven days in the week.2. There are twenty-four hours in a day.3. If today is Monday, yesterday was Sunday.4. If today is Monday, Tomorrow is Tuesday.5. If today is Thursday, the day before yesterday was Tuesday.B1. If today is Thursday, the day after tomorrow is Saturday.2. If today is Friday, the weekend begins tomorrow.3. If today is Saturday, Thursday is two days ago.4. If today is Friday, Sunday is the day after tomorrow.5. If today is Friday, next Monday is three days’ from now.C1. There are twelve months in a year.2. January is the first month of the year.3. February is the second month of the year.4. March is the third month of the year.5. April comes after March and before May.6. May is fifth month of the year.7. June is the sixth month of the year.D1. July comes after June.2. August and September are the eighth and ninth months of the year.3. October comes after September and before November.4. November is the eleventh month.5. December is the last month of the year.练：1. If today is Wednesday, the weekend begins in two days’ time.L2-U1-3/ 5 ListeningJackson family 3A1. The Jackson family lives in this apartment building.2. Their apartment is on the 5thfloor.3. Behind the building is a pond and some trees.4. In front of the building is a street.you look on the map, i t’s this street, 1st (first) avenue.6. 1ST (first) avenue goes north to south.B1. Their building is on the west side of the street.2. A cross the street is a small shopping center.3. It’s on the east side of the street.can buy food there. such as meet and vegetables.5. You can also buy clothes and toys for kids6. There are many small shops in the shopping center.C1. On the east side of the street, there is a subway entrances.2. It’s about 20 meters north of the shopping center.3. Lisa and her sister take the subway to school.4. Their parents also take the subway.5. They take the subway to work.6. They don’t own a car.7. A car is too expensive.’t have enough money for a car.L2-U1-3/5 vocabularydairy rule /foodA1. These people are walking on a crosswalk.2. He is standing on a corner.3. This is a red traffic light.4. People walk on a sidewalk.5. We drive cars on a street.are public restrooms.7. Cars must stop at a red traffic light.B1. Here are some kind of fruits.2. Oranges and apples are both fruit.3. Corn and carrots are vegetables.4. Chicken is an example of meat.5. Rice is popular in an Asia and potatoes are popular in Europe.6. Ice-cream and cakes are examples of desserts. (many desserts are very sweet) C1. Here are something to wear.2. This is a pair of red pants.3. Women and girls wear dresses.4. This is a purple shirt.5. This is a pink blouse.6. These are men’s shoes.L2-U1-3/5 DialogueHave lunch togetherA1. Do you want have lunch2. Yes, I do.3. Where do you want to meet4. Let’s meet at the front of the subway.5. Which entrance6. Let’s meet at the south entrance. It’s on 1ST(first) avenue.7. Where is the 1ST (first) avenue.8. It’s about 50 meters north of the shopping center.B1. Ok. What time do you want to meet2. Let’s meet at 12:30, ok3. How about 12:454. Ok. 12:45 is good.C1. What do you want to eat2. I don’t know what kind of food do you like3. How about pizza4. Sure. There’s a good pizza restaurant in the shopping center.5. Ok, let’s go there for lunch6. Great. See you at 12:45byeD1. Excuse me. which way is the subway from here2. There are two subways stop near here. Which line do you want3. I want line 10.4. Go south on 1ST avenue. It's about 200 meters from here.5. The subway entrance is on the east side of the streetE1. Which side are we on now.2. We’re on the west side3. So. 200 meters south. Then cross the street, right4. Yes, that’s right.5. Thanks a lot.L2-U1-4/5 ListeningJackson family 4A1. The Jackson’s live in a nice apartment.2. It’s a nice building.3. It’s also expensive.4. The apartment isn’t theirs.5. They don’t own it.6. Another person owns it.7. That person is the owner of the apartment.8. The Jacksons rent it from the owner.9. That means they pay money to the owner. B1. The Jacksons pay rent every month.2. Their rent is about 30% of their income.3. Fortunately they both have jobs.4. They have two incomes.5. Together, their salaries are enough to live.1. The Jacksons have many expenses.2. Their largest expense is rent.’s about 30% of their income.4. The second largest expense is for their children’s education.5. Their schools are not free.6.7. Their other expenses include food and clothes.8. They also save some money every month.9. They save about 10% of their income.10. They put this money in the bank.L2-U1-4/5 vocabularystation / face / a dayA1. A bus stop.2. People get on a bus at a bus stop.3. A train station.4. People get on the train at a train station.5. A taxi stand.6. People wait for a taxi at a taxi stand7. A subway entrance.8. A subway stop has several entrances.9. An airport.10. Airplanes take off and land at an airport.练1. People go to an airport to catch their plane.B1. Eyes.2. We use eyes to see things.3. Ears4. Our ears are on the left and right sides of our head.5. A nose.6. Our nose is below our eyes and above our mouth.7. A mouth.8. Our mouth is blow our nose.9. Hands.10. We use our hands to pick up things.11. A brain.brain is inside our head.Cget up in the morning and the day begins.3. It’s afternoon.4. People eat lunch in the afternoon.5. It’s evening.6. People eat dinner in the evening.7. It’s night.8. At night people go to bed.9. It’s daytime.10. It’s light during the day, because the sun is up.11. It’s nighttime.12. It’s dark at night because the sun is down.L2-U1-4/5 DialogueBuy dressA1. Good afternoon. may I help you.2. Yes I’m look for a summer dress.3. Do you want a long dress or a short dress.4. I want to something short but not too short.5. What about color.6. Do you have a favorite color7. I like blue.8. Do you have blue dress9. Yes, we have several blue dresses.10. May I see them11. Sure please Come with me.B1. Here two short blue dresses.2. I like this one.3. How much is it4. It’s usually $100,but it’s on sale today.5. So how much is it today6. I can give you 20%(twenty percent) discount.7. So that is $80(eight dollars) right8. Yes do you want to try it on9. Yes, where can I put it on10. There’s a dressing room over there.C1. How does it fits2. It fits well.4. Thanks. but it’s still too expensive.5. Can you give me a lower price6. Sorry, I’m afraid not.7. T hat’s the lowest price I can give you.D1. How about the other dress2. It’s a little more expensive. It’s $120.3. Is it on the sale4. No, I’m afraid not.5. Well. I really like this dress.6. Ok. $80(eight dollars) is a good price for it.7. Ok, I’ll b uy it.E1. Can you pay with cash2. No, I want to use my credit card.3. Sure, no problem. We take all credit cards.4. Great.L2-U1-5/5 ListeningBen’s family 1A1. This is Ben Henry’s.2. He and his family live in Toronto, Canada.3. Ben has an older brother, JEFF.4. JEFF is 15 years old.5. Ben has also a younger sister, Maggie.6. She’s 8 years oldB1. This is Ben’s father, Paul.2. Paul owns his own business.3. He owns four restaurants.4. They are Italian restaurants.5. His business is good.6. His business is very good.7. So he earns a lot of money.8. They live in a very large house.9. It’s a very expensive house.10. They have two cars.C1. Ben’s mother Cathy doesn’t have a job.2. She takes care of their home.3. She also takes care of their garden.4. Their garden is behind their house.5. She grows flowers and vegetables.is also an excellent cook.7. She can cook many different kinds of food.8. She can cook Italian and French food.9. She can also cook Indian food.D1. Ben likes sports.2. He wants to be a hockey player.doesn’t like school, But he wants a sports scholarship.4. So he studies hard and exercises every day.5. Jeff doesn’t like sports.6. he wants to be a doctor.7. He wants to go to a great university.8. Maggie want to be an actress.9. She takes dance lessons.10. She also likes to sing.11. She wants to be a famous movie star.L2-U1-5/5 vocabularyweather/on the street/ people activityA1. It’s windy today.2. The wind is blowing.3. It’s rainy.4. It is raining, so take an umbrella.5. It’s cloudy weather.6. It’s cloudy so we can’t see the sun.7. It’s cold today.8. It’s cold, so wear a coat.9. Smog.10. It’s smoggy, so wear a mask.B1. Cross a street.2. They are crossing a street.3. Look at something.5. Walk through.6. He’s walking through the doorway.7. Run around.8. They are running around a trunk.9. Go into.10. He’s going into a room.11. Come out.12. She’s co ming out of a room.C1. Sitting on a bench.2. She’s sitting on the bench.3. Standing in an elevator.4. He’s standing in the elevator.5. Pushing the door open.6. She’s pushing the door open.7. Pulling the door open.8. She’s pulling the door open.9. Sitting at a table.10. He’s sitting at a table.L2-U1-5/5 DialogueHave breakfast togetherA1. Will you like to have breakfast together2. Sure. let’s have a breakfast together.3. Do you know a good place4. Yes, there is a nice coffee shop in the shopping center.B1. Which shopping center2. The shopping center is on 1ST(fist) avenue.3. It’s near the subway stop.4. Oh, I know that one, there are Starbucks(星巴克) there too.5. Yes, there is. But I like the other shop.6. There are too many people at Starbucks.7. Ok, can we get good breakfast there8. I think so, and it’s not expensive.C1. What do you like for breakfast2. I like eggs for breakfast.3. Me too. They have eggs with potatoes and toasts.1. Do you drink coffee with your breakfast.2. Yes, I usually have coffee with my breakfast.3. what about you4. No, I don’t have coffee.5. I usually have tea.E1. Is there anything else you like2. Yes there is.3. I usually have a fruit juice likes oranges juice.4. How about you5. Me too.6. Ok, let’s go.7. Let’s take the subway.F1. Hey, wait a minute, I don’t have my subway card.2. Where is it3. It’s in my apartment in my coat.4. I’ll be right back.5. Great, I’m getting hungry.。

英语流利说懂你英语Level完整版

英语流利说懂你英语L e v e l集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]懂你英语L e v e l4U n i t3P a r t1it 3-1 listening时间花费Look at these 2 pie graphs. They show how these 2 people spend their days, not including weekends.The one on the top shows how Emma divides up her days. She is a designer whoworks for a company.As Emma’s graph shows, the biggest portion部分 of her day is spent working.She works an average of 8 hours a day, which is one third of her day.She gets an average of 6 hours to sleep which is 25% of her day. That’s less sleep than Martin gets.According to his graph, he gets an average of 7 hours to sleep which is about 29% of his day.On the other hand, Martine who is engineer, works more hours than Emma does. Martine average 9 hours a day at work co mpare to Emma’s 8. That’s 37.5% compare to 33%.Other factors shown in the graph included time for meals and commuting to work. Other activities include getting dress and doing household chores such as doing laundry and paying bills.As you can see, for Martin, commuting is taking a large amount of his time.If he could reduce his commute time, he will have more time for other things. And it isn’t just the time.When the traffic is really heavy his commute is stressful.It will be great if he can work from home one or two days a week. He life willbe more enjoyable.And we look at Emma’s graph, we see she probably needs more sl eep.Perhaps, she should spend a bit less time socializing with her friends.On the other hand, socializing with her friend is something she really values.As for putting on makeup, she isn’t willing to change that.For her, exercising, socializing and staying beautiful help her deal with the stressful work.In conclusion, Emma and Martin both wish there were more hours in a day.This next graph shows how various factors compare important to 1350 jobs applicants.Applicants were between 20 to 25 years ago.They were asked to list which factors were most important for a good job.As the graph shows, money was the most important factor for 25% of the applicants. However, other factors are also important. The second most important factor was the work environment.In other words, for many, money is everything.People want to like where they work.In fact, if we combine working environment and co-workers, the total is 35%.This is well above the 25% for salary and benefits.Taking together, they are more important than salary and benefits.Career path is also important especially for younger applicants.They want to see that their job helps to build a successful career.For older workers, this may not be as important.Older workers often put the higher value on the balance between life and work. What do you think.it 3-1 vocabulary领土、军事、政治、政权状态The government of a country is a control system.Governments make laws and provide services to their citizens.The land over which a government has controlled, is its territory /'trtri/领土.A country’s territory has boundaries /'ba?ndri/ or borders.When you leave or enter a country’s territory, you usually need a passport.The territory of a country is defined by its boundaries.A country’s military provides defense for its territory and its citizens.The military includes an army, an air force and a navy.The main purpose of a military, is to defend a country from attack.A country’s criminal justice system includes the police, courts and prisons.Its purpose is to enforce the law and protect the people from criminal activities.A country social services system provides support to people in need.It provides basic health care services and helps poor people support their children.-----------------------------------------------------------------Anarchy /'nki/ n.混乱;无政府状态;无秩序autocracy /'tɑkr?si/ n.独裁;独裁统治;独裁政府;独裁政体Oligarchy /'ɑl'gɑrki/ n.寡头统治的政府;寡头政治的执政集团;寡头统治的国家--------------------------------------------------------------------------A state of anarchy exits when a country has no effective government.In anarchy, there is nobody to make decisions or enforce the laws.An autocracy is the simplest form of government.In an autocracy, the government is controlled by single individual, known as autocrat.Whether or not an autocracy is successful, depends on the character and abilityof the leader.In an oligarchy, a small group of people controls the government.Membership in this group often depends on family connection, wealth or military power.In a republic, individuals are elected to represent the citizens.The power of government in a republic is limited by a constitution.A constitution is a written document that makes the rules for a government to follow.This limits the power of a government.A constitution defines the relationship between the government and its citizens.it 3-1 dialogue谈论工作I hear you lost your job, is that right?Yes, that’s right. I quit. I quit because the way my boss treats people.What happen.I was n’t feeling good one day and he yelled at me. While I told him not to yell at对...吼叫 me, he threatened me.Is that all. That’s what bosses do.Sure, sometime maybe. But my treated everyone badly and I was tired of it. It was the less *The last strYes, it reached the point where I couldn’t take it anymore.I see. So now you d on’t have a job.Right, I don’t have a job.But at least I don’t have to deal with my boss thing. What are you going to do now?To be honest, I’m not sure. but I’ll fine something. I’ll get a job even if it pays less than before.Are you sorry for your quit.Yes and no. I guess I should have found another job first and then quit.Wh y didn’t you.As I said, he pushed me too far. There were some things that I just won't take. What about your wife.She isn’t happy that I don’t have a job but she understands. She knows I have temper.And she knows I wasn’t happy working there.Well, I get some luck. My job isn’t great. but I like the people I’m working with and I like my manager.Are you planning to stay there?I don’t know.For now, it’s ok. But of course it all depends on how things change.Well if you hear of any job openings, let me know, OK.Sure, send me your resume and I’ll let people know you’re looking.Thanks.it 3-2 listening朗朗Lang Lang is one of the world’s greatest concert /'kɑns?t/ pianist.His first contact with western music was when he was just 2 years old.He watched the canton /'kntn/ in which a cat played a famous piece by FranzLiszt 弗朗兹·李斯特（匈牙利作曲家）. From this experience, he decided he wanted to learn to play piano.When he was 3 and a half years ago, he started piano lessons.2 years later, he won first place in the piano competition.This early success gave his father great hope that Lang Land will became the world greatest pianist.When Lang Lang was 9 years ago, his father quit his job and took him to Beijing. They left everything behind including his mother who had to work.Lang Lang didn’t want to leave her behind but his father insisted.His father wanted him to study at famous Central Conservatory of Music 中央音乐学院.When they moved to Beijing, they rented a flat in a poor area of the city.During this time, Lang Lang practiced several hours a day.They started practicing at 5 o’clock which upset his neighbors.They would often pound on敲打 his door and ask him to stop practicing.They were so angry that he often feared that they would beat him up毒打.Lang Lang usually had piano lessons once a week to prepare for the conservatory/kn'svtri/音乐学校.Nearly 2000 students were applying for just 12 places at the conservatory.His lessons were expensive and very difficult, especially because of his piano teacher.His music teacher didn’t like Lang Lang.He called his teacher professor Angry because she always gave him a hard time. One afternoon, his teacher told him he had no talent and told him to go home. Hearing the news, his father screamed and seemed to lose his mind.His father told him that everything was destroyed and there was no reason to live. He ordered Lang Lang to jump off 跳下来 the 11th-floor balcony.After this, Lang Lang almost went crazy. He didn’t want to play the piano anymore.For several months, he neither played the piano nor spoke to his father.Then some friends encouraged him to play a piece for them and he realized his great love of piano.For the next 19 months, he practiced hard and his father encouraged him.Finally, when he was ten, he was accepted into the Conservatory with a full scholarship.In 1995, when he was 13 years old, he played music by show * at Beijing concert hall.In that same year, he won first place at an international competition for young musicians in Japan.When he was 15, he moved to the United States and began to study with the famous pianist at C institute.Since then, he career has grown and he has become a major star.One of the American music critics called him the biggest most exiting key oftalent I haven’t encountered many a year of attention piano recycles.In 2010, Lang Lang signed a recalling contract for several million dollars.In 2011, he performed at white house for president Obama of United States and Hu Jintao of China.With all of his success and fame, Lang Lang tries to encourage others.He uses his fame to spread the popularity of classic music and encourage young musicians.And in the end, Lang Lang and his father have rebuilt their relationship.In his autobiography自传, Mr. Lang dedicated the book to his mother and father.it 3-2 vocabulary财务、地理A person debt is how much he or she owes to others.Debt can be in the form of money, products and services owes to someone else.If you borrow money, they were taking on new debt.An asset is something that has value, such as money, property or even a nice personality.Assets can be used to pay off debts.Specialized /'sp'lazd/ knowledge or skills are also assets that can be used to get a job or earn money.Real estate is properties such as land, houses and buildings.Buying, selling or renting property is the business of real estate.Buying or selling real estate is popular for investments.Inventory is a detail list of items in one’s possession /p'zn/.In business, one’s inventory is the supply of items that are ready for sale.If a store runs out of the things for sale, it needs to resupply再供应 its inventory.An investment is the purchase of assets with the hope that its value will increase.A good investment can produce income, such as rent income.If the value of that assets falls, the investment will lose money.------------------------------------------------------------------China is the second largest country in the world by land area.A major issue for China is the continuing持续的 expansion of its desserts which had led the dust storms each spring. Many of the world most polluted cities are located there.Asia is referred to as Indian sub-continent.It’s called the sub-continent 次大陆because it separated from the rest of Asia by mountains and sea.It’s one of world’s poorest region with about 75% of the poor living in rural areas.Europe is western neighbor of Asia. It’s separate d from Asia by Ural Mountains乌拉尔 which extent for 1500 miles in the north south direction from theAntarctic /ntɑrkt?k/ ocean.The Philippines is the only country in Asia with a majority of Christians/'krstn/.The Philippines is an island Nation with over 7000 islands. It’s located on the south China sea.The country’s capital city is Manila马尼拉.Asia is the world largest continent covering about 30% of the earth land area. Several island nations are also a part of Asia, including Japan.The world’s tallest mountain is in Asia, including Mount Everest埃佛勒斯峰.it 3-2 dialogue谈论投票选举Hey, have you decided how you’re going to voteNot, I haven’t. I don’t like any kind of candidat es.So you aren’t going to vote.Mu. I don’t know. Probably not. It seems like a waste of time.Really, why do you think of a waste of timeHave you listened to any of their speeches?Yes, I have and I agree that their speeches aren’t very good.Exactly. I can’t believe anything they say. They are just saying what they think we want to hear.Sure, you want to get elected. I admit th at the system isn’t perfect and it’s always have .Whether I vote or not won’t make a difference. It’s all the show.Well, I think you should vote. Do a little research about the candidates.Have you?Yes, I have. I have looked into their backgrounds and their education.How can that help?For example, if they know something about science, it could help the government make a better decision about issues such as climate change.Yes, that’s good point. We need well-educated people make decisions.And I look to see what kind of people are supporting them.What issues do you think are most important?I guess for me, pollution, housing and taxes are important.I want to know how government plans to deal with these issues.Yes, I agree with you. Maybe I will vote, especially if we could get together and talk more about it.What about dinner tomorrow night?Sorry, I’m busy tomorrow n ight.Oh, that’s too bad. Do you have any time in the next few days I will take you to a nice restaurant.Actually, I’m quite busy. But I may have time Sunday afternoon. We can have lunch someone near the office.Sure, that was for me. I will give you a call on Saturday and we can decide the details, okOK, I will be looking forward to seeing which candidate you support.L4 Unit 3-3 listening 蜜蜂、蜂农与环境Honeybees play an interesting and important role in nature.In additional to making honey, honeybees help many plants reproduce.They do this by pollinating the plant which means to transfer pollen.Pollination授粉 occurs when pollen /'pɑl?n/ 花粉is moved within a plant’s flower or carried to another flower. This is how the plant reproduce.For reproduction to succeed, the pollen must be transferred from the male part of the flower to the female part. Many plants depend on the pollen for reproduction. This included many fruits and vegetables.Beside honeybees, there are many other pollinators including birds, insects and other kind of bees.Without enough pollinators, many of our favorite fruits and vegetable will become more expensive and hard to find. This included almonds and cherries.Honeybee are important pollinators and play an important role in agriculture. Beekeepers are people who keep honeybees.In addition to collecting honey, some beekeepers provide pollination services for farmers.They do this by raising and managing colonies殖民地 of bees.Farmers need colonies to pollinate their crops.Beekeepers can provide and manage of bee colonies to farmers.Honeybees are social insects that live in colonies.A bee colony consists of a queen bee, male drones 雄蜂 and thousands of male worker bees.Each colony also contains eggs and immature未成熟的 bees in various stage of development.The number of bees within a colony depends on the seasonal changes.A colony’s population increases during the warm season and decreases during the colder season.In recent year, many bee colonies have collapsed or disappeared.A bee colony collapses occurs when a majority of bee in colony disappear and leave behind the queen.Some beekeepers have reported losing 30 to 90 % of their colonies.This loss of bee colonies can cause significant problems for farmers who depend on them to pollinate their crops.In some parts of the world, a shortage of bees has increased the cost of renting bees by up to 20%.There are several possible causes for bee colony collapse. One possible collapse is the use of new pesticides农药.Other possible causes include infections from viruses, genetic factors遗传因素and malnutrition（营养不良）.Changing weather patterns may also play a role as summers get hotter and winters get colder.These changes in weather may weaken the bees, making it more difficult for them to fight infections.Whatever the causes of colony collapse, it’s important to understand that many parts of our world are interdependent.Changes that effect on one species may have serious effects on other species.A change to our environment, can start a chain of event that is difficult to predict.In any complex system such as the earth environment, small changes can cause a un consequences.The danger of un consequences is something that we all need to understand better. L4 Unit 3-3 vocabulary 商品、服务和工作Goods and services supply what people need or want.Goods are things such food and clothing.Services included things such as health care and police protection.A country needs natural and human resources.Natural resources include fresh water supplies, farmland and energy sources such as oil and wind.Human resources includes a skilled workforce that can produce goods and services. Once we had supplies of goods and services, they need to distribute throughout the country.Highways and railways are both way to transport thing from one part of country to another.Electricity are distributed through a system of transmition lines.We live in an age of advertising.Advertising lets people know about goods and services.It educates people about a product being advertised.Trade allows for the exchange of goods and services between different countries. Exports are goods and services that are sold to another country.Imports are goods and services that are brought from other country.For example, many countries import oil from countries such as Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯.Employees are the people who work for a company.Some employees do basic work such as operating a machine or driving a track. People who hire and direct the work of other are managers.Interview is one way to find out about a person who applies for a job.In an interview, the applicants can ask question about a company and company can find out about a person’s skills and expe rience.An entrepreneur is someone who starts a company.Entrepreneurs often have new ideas and ways of doing things that can give company advantage.Salary and benefits are used to attract new employees into a company.If the salary and benefits are good enough, employees may take a job and stay with the company.Benefits includes vacation time, health insurance and bonuses for employees who do a good job.When apply for job, it’s important to have skills and experience needed for the job.Developing and increasing skills and experience is good way to prepare for a job. Each job a person has is an opportunity to learn new things and develop new skills.Advertises try to increase to the demand for a product or service.Education and training are ways to develop a skilled workforce unforeseenL4 Unit 3-3 dialogue 谈论租房与房东You don’t look g ood, is something bothering youYes, it’s my landlord房东.Oh, is it something wrong with your flat.No, that’s not something wrong with the flat. But I’m going to have to move out. Why did you have to move out?For the last 2 month, a friend has been staying with me. She stayed until she could find a job.That’s nice of you.Yes, but I’m not supposed to have anyone staying there.Was that in the rental agreementYes, it was. It’s ok if a friend stays for a few days but not for more than that. So you broke the agreement even though it was for a good reason.Anyway, one of my neighbors told the landlords about my friend. So now I’m in troubl e. The landlord is angry and says she can’t trust me.That’s ridiculous.I told her about my friend and how I’m trying to help her, but she doesn’t care. Wow, she doesn’t sound very nice.That’s right, she isn’t nice. She’s just interested in money. In fac t, she is going to keep my security deposit 押金.How can she do that Nothing is damaged, right.Right, everything in the flat is fine.She’s keeping the deposit because I broke the rental agreement.What about your rentYes , that’s another problem. I already pay 3 months rent so I hope I can get it back.What can you do if she doesn’t return itI don’t know. I told to my agent. He’s nice and maybe he can help.Maybe I should refuse to leave the flat until I get it back.Be sure to take picture of your flat.What for?Just to show the condition of your flat. Then she can’t say your friend damaged it anyway.Good idea. She’s a small-minded心胸狭窄的, evil woman. I should never have rented it from her in the first place.L4 Unit 3-4 listening 职业What kind of career is the best and what kind of qualification?One of most popular careers for kids is the to become an astronaut.Many kids dream of going space when they grow up.They dream of work on a space station or exploring deep space.To become an astronaut, it’s important to have the right background.Many astronauts have a background in engineering, physics or medicine. Sometimes they have a military background, such as flying military aircraft.As for pay, astronaut can earn a good salary but not great.Another popular career is to become a musician or actor.Many kids dream of become a famous singer or movie stars.However, most of musician or actor don’t become famous.They are usually paid by the hour or by the performance.Only a very few have lots of money.So the best advice is not to be a musician or actor unless that’s your real passion.Becoming a professional athlete is another dream job for many.It’s nice to imagine play a favorite sport and getting paid for it.However, becoming a famous athlete takes a lot of work and practice.Great athletes practice for hours a day with teammates and coaches.They also work regularly with trainers to keep their body strong.The level of pay for athletes depends on the success and the level of their performance.Athletes often have short career because of the physical requirement of their sport.When you are no longer able to compete in a high level, some athletes become coaches.Firefighters and police officers are important job that help and protect people. These careers require applicants to complete training programs and pass the written and physical tests.These jobs can be exciting and dangerous so they require courage and sometimes sacrifice.When considering salary and benefits, some of the lowest paying jobs are in the hospitality and beauty industries. For example, food service worker andhairstyles generously have low salaries.This kind of job don’t require much of th e education or training.But again, if you enjoy what you’re doing, that may be good enough.For example, you may really enjoy talking with your customers.Spending your life doing something you dislike can be very unsatisfying, even if the salary is high.Some of the highest paid professions includes doctors, lawyers and scientists. However, these professions 职业 require high level of education and training. The path to becoming a doctor, for example, is a long one.Doctors require a university degree, several years in medical school, and several more years in experience.Only then are they certified as a medical doctor or MD.So it doesn’t make sense to consider these professions unless you are willing to work hard for many years.And because, you should really care doing the work well.L4 Unit 3-4 vocabulary 战争和生物Civil 内战wars are fought between citizens of the same country and are fought within the country.If citizens of a country disagree about the policy or leader, they may fight a civil war.A world war is fought when countries form alliances and these alliances fight each other.A world war involves many or most of the world’s most powerful countries.There were 2 world war in the 20th century.Terrorism involves groups of individuals rather than countries.Terrorists may come from different countries and they may share the same beliefs. Terrorists often use car-bombings or suicide attacks on innocent people.A terrorist attack can happen at any time and any place.An invasion侵略 occurs when one country attacks another.It sends its army to the other country and attempts to take control.One of most famous invasions was when France invaded Russia in 1812.A defensive 防御的 war occurs when a country is attacked and needs to defend itself.Most of countries have military so that it can defend itself if it’s attacked. When France invaded Russia in 1812, the Russia army fought a defensive war and defeated the French army.A cell 细胞 is the basic unit of life.A cell is smallest structure that can live and reproduce.Cells grow and develop, reproduce and interact with the environment. Photosynthesis光合作用/,foto'snθss/ was one of most important biological processes.It allows plants to capture and use light as an energy source.Photosynthesis is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy.A virus is small biological structure that attacks and enters cells.Once inside a cell, a virus reproduces and makes many copies of itself.Some diseases such influenza /,nflu'nz/ (流感)are viruses.Bacteria are one-celled forms of life that are all around us.Although they have a single cell structure, they are very important.Many bacteria are inside us and help us digest our food.DNA is a complex molecule that stores information and can make copies of itself. Nearly any cells in a person’s body has the same DNA.The information stored in DNA tells cells what to do and it’s necessary for reproduction.L4 Unit 3-4 dialogue 旅馆更换房间Good evening, sir. How can I help you?Yes, we just check in and our room is unacceptable. It’s room 1810.Is there something wrong with the room?Yes, there certainly is. We requested a non-smoking room but the room smiles of smoke.Let me check. Yes, that room is supposed to be a non-smoking room.Well, somebody certainly doesn’t follow the rules. The current smoke is cigars. We can hardly breath and the windows don’t open.Right, the windows don’t open, sir. I really sorry about this. Let me see if I can find you another room.Yes, please. We certainly can’t stay in that room. Both our kids have asthma哮喘 /'zm/, so the smell of smoke can cause breathing problems.Yes, I understand your concern. Sir, I’m afraid we don’t have any other ro oms with two double beds. If you’ll excuse me, I will speak with my manager.Thank you. We were really tired and we would like to get rest as soon as possible. Yes, I understand. If you don’t mind, could you wait in the lounge 休息室 near the elevatorsI shouldn’t be long.Sure, I hope it doesn’t take time.Good evening, I’m the manager here. I’m sorry to hear about your room.Yes, we are not happy and we were really tired. I hope you can help us.I’m sure we can. Since we don’t have another non-smoking room for you, we will upgrade your suite. Will that be ok?Yes, there will be fine. There is no extra cost, right.No, sir. There would be no extra charge.And it’s non-smoking, right.Yes, sir. I’ve confirmed that is non-smoking.Thanks I really appreciate your help.It’s my pleasure, sir. I hope you and your family have a wonderful stay with us. Here is my card. If there is anything else I can do for you, please let me know.I will. Have a good evening.Thank you, sir. And once again, let me apology for the same inconvenience.。

懂你英语LU

懂你英语L4-U n i t21Ex t i n c t i o n E ve n ts Level4 Unit2 1 ListeningExtinction EventsThe Earth was formed about 4.6 billion years ago.The first life appeared about a billion years later.The first plants didn't appear until around 2 billion years ago. Until about 580 million years ago, life forms were small and microscopic. Since that time, life has evolved into many different types, or species. However, scientists estimate that more than 99% of them are now extinct.There have been several extinction events in the history of the Earth. In an extinction event many life forms, or species of life, die out. The causes of mass extinction events are unsolved mysteries. These events are not predictable and can happen at any time. Scientists think that some of them were started by asteroid impacts or volcanic eruptions. Events like these can change the global conditions that life depends on.One major extinction event happened about 66 million years ago. That event may have been started by a large asteroid that hit the Earth. As a result, the dinosaurs and about half of all species on the planet died out. When the asteroid hit the earth, it started a chain of events. A chain of events is a series of events linked together, like a chain.This particular chain of events happened over a period of months and years. When the asteroid hit the Earth, it caused a huge cloud of dust to enter the atmosphere. This cloud of dust blocked the sun and darkened the Earth for many months. Without enough sunlight, plants and plant-eating animals quickly died. With the deaths of so many plants and animals, the food chain collapsed. This led to the deaths of many more species.Mass extinction events have played an important part in the evolution of life. In fact, some extinction events have helped to accelerate evolution. For example, some mammals lived through the age of the dinosaurs, but they couldn't compete. When the dinosaurs were removed, the mammals were able to compete more successfully. Once they could compete, mammals evolved to a higher state. Without extinction events, perhaps we wouldn't be here today.Scientists estimate that there have been at least 5 mass extinctions in the last 540 million years. They also believe that we have entered a new extinction event. Species are becoming extinct at a much faster rate than before. Instead of asteroids or volcanic eruptions, the current event is the result of human activities. Human activities, for example, have led to global warming.Global warming is the result of an increase in carbon gases in our atmosphere. These gases trap heat from the sun, so the Earth is getting warmer. As a result, sea levels are rising and weather patterns are changing. In addition, we humans are destroying the habitats of many plants and animals. Cutting down forests and polluting rivers destroys the habitats of many forms of life.There is no longer any doubt that this is happening. Species of life are disappearing at an increasing rate. Global temperatures are rising and weather patterns are changing. Scientists are warning us that fast action isnecessary to save our future. If we don't act, we may go the way of the dinosaurs. (This new extinction event is caused by humans.)Level4 Unit2 1 VocabularyBody SystemsThe body's circulatory system includes the heart and blood vessels. The heart pumps blood to all parts of the body through a network of arteries and veins. (The blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich bloodfrom the heart are called arteries.)The digestive system breaks down and absorbs food into the body. It's supplies the energy that the body needs for growth and repair. After digestion, excess food is turned into waste and eliminated from the body. (The digestive system is where food is broken down and absorbed into the body.)The nervous system includes the brain,spinal cord and nerves. This is your body's control system. It controls your muscles and organs, including your circulatory and digestive system. (The nervous system regulates your heartbeat and digestion.)The respiratory system includes the nose and lungs. It brings air and oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide. The lungs are where oxygen enters the bloodstream, and carbon dioxide is removed.The immune system protects the body against infections and diseases. Sneezing and fever are examples of how the immune system works. If an infection invades the body, the immune system attacks it.Great DiscoveriesThe controlled use of fire allowed people to cook food and survive in the colder climates. Fire provided light so that people could work andsocialize for longer hours.With the invention of agriculture, people could grow food andsettle into communities. By growing food, people could spend less time hunting, and more time for other things such as art. (With the development of agriculture, people had more time for other activities.)The domestication of animals allowed people to raise and use animals for food and work. By raising herds of animals such as sheep, humans had a regular supply of meat and clothing. The strength of animals such as horses andoxen was used for work and transportation.The development of tools and machines has resulted in more efficient manufacturing and construction. With better tools and machines, work can be done with fewer people and at much lower costs. (The use of machines has reduced the number of people needed to make things.)The development of science and engineering has improved many things, including communications. With an understanding of electricity, telephones and radios allow people to communicate over long distances. (Science and engineering have changed the way we communicate with each other.)Level4 Unit2 Part1 DialogueSmartphone AddictionI took a vacation last night.What are you talking about?Where did you take your vacation?I didn't go anywhere.I just spend an evening without my smartphone.How was it?It was great. I got a real magazine and read it with no interruption.It was very peaceful.Yes, I haven't done that in a long time.You know what?I'm beginning to hate smartphones.Really? but you can't live without one, right?Yes, that's the problem.These things are changing the way people live.Yes, I just saw a documentary about that.A husband was complaining to his wife that she was spending too much time on her smartphone. what happened? Did they get a divorce?You guessed it. In the end, they got a divorce.It's a bit ironic, don't you think?Smartphone were supposed to bring people together, but they are pulling people apart.Yes, you are right.Hey, just a minute. I've got a message on my smartphone, and it can't wait.Rude BossHey, wake up and get back to work.What's wrong with you?I'm on my break sir, and I have a bad headache.Well, we are not paying you to sleep.If you're going to sleep, sleep someplace else.Yes, sir, sorry, it won't happen again.It had better not.Just a minute.Don't talk to me like that.What did you say?You hurt me. you don't have to treat people like that.Well, if you don't like it, I suggest you leave.OK, I will. I've had enough of you.I'll get a job somewhere else.(The manager treats the employees in a threatening manner.)(The employee treats the manager respectfully.)懂你英语L4-Unit2 2 Point of viewLevel4 Unit2 Part2 ListeningPoint of viewThis man is holding a piece of fruit in his hand. The pie ce of fruit is either an orange or an apple. We can’t see which it is because we can’t see inside the box. The probability that it is an orange is equal to the probability that it is an apple. It may be an apple, and it may be an orange. It’s got to be one or the other. It can’t be anything else.Now let’s look at it from the man’s point of view. From his point of view, the probabilities are different. From his point of view, the probability that he has an orange is 100% or 0%. That’s because he knows what he has. For him there is no uncertainty. If he has an orange, the probability is 100%. If he doesn’t have an orange, the probability is 0%. He either has it or he doesn’t.From our point of view, the probability that he has an orange is 50%. From his point of view, the probability that he has an orange is 100% or 0%. So the probability depends on your point of view.People see things from different points of view. This often leads to arguments between people. Here are some examples. From this man’s point o f view, he is relaxing. He needs to relax because he has been working too hard. He hasn’t been getting enough sleep.His wife sees things differently. She isn’t aware of how hard he has been working. From her point of view, he is doing nothing. However, sh e knows what needs to be done around the house. It isn’t fair that she has to work while he does nothing.When people see things from different points of view, they often come to different conclusions. These differences can cause real communication problems.Level4 Unit2 Part2 VocabularyDisastersEarthquakes are caused by forces deep within the earth. When the earth shakes, buildings can collapse and people can be buried inside.An explosion is a rapid, violent release of energy. Explosions can be caused by chemical reaction, such as inside an engine. A spark can ignite a mixture of gases, and release energy for good or destructive purposes.Accidents are often caused by people doing foolish things or by not being careful. One major cause of accidents is driving too fast. Accidents with fire can be very serious and can result in very painful injuries.Epidemics are the rapid spread of a disease, such as the flu or Ebola. Throughout history epidemics have killed millions of people.Storms are caused by changes in the atmosphere resulting in high winds and heavy rain. Thunderstorms are caused by electric charges in the atmosphere that produce lightning, which can cause forest fires. Some storms cause flooding and major damage to homes and cities.ReligionsFollowers of the Islam religion are called Muslims. These Muslims are praying inside a mosque. Muslims are called to prayer 5 times a day, beginning just before sunrise.Christianity is based on the teachings of Jesus Christ who lived more than 2000 years ago. Christians believe that Jesus is the son of god. Christians often gather in churches or cathedrals to worship.Followers of Judaism are called Jews. These Jews are meeting inside a synagogue, which is a place of worship and study. Judaism was founded over 35 hundred years ago in the middle east. Judaism is based on the teachings of Moses, who they believe is the most important prophet.Buddhism began in India and is based on the teachings of the Buddha. The religion is about 25 hundred years old. Some Buddhists practice a form of meditation in which they empty their minds of any thought.Hinduism is the world’s third most popular religion and is the main religion of India. Hinduism has no founder and is a mixture of many beliefs. Some Hindus believe in the cycle of birth, life, death and rebirth.Level4 Unit2 Part2 DialogueMissing AircraftDo you have any more information about the location of the missing aircraft?No, we don’t. The only information we have is that it disappeared.What about the last communication with the aircraft?The last communication was about 15 minutes before it disappeared.Was there anything unusual in the communication?No, there wasn't anything unusual.Nothing pointed to any kind of problem.Anyway, we are confident that we will find it.It’s a large aircraft so it shouldn’t be difficult to find.How many countries are helping with the search?Right now, we have search teams from 3 countries starting the search.It’s a big area to search, so can you give us an estimate about how l ong it will take?Yes, it’s a big area, so it might take a long time.But we won’t give up.We will search until we find it.Have they found the wreckage yet?What are you talking about?You know, the airplane that disappeared last year.Oh, yes, now I know what you are referring to.Yes, they found some piece of it.What about the black boxes?No, they still haven’t found the black boxes.It’s hard to believe they still don’t know what happened.Perhaps they’ll never know, especially if they don’t find the black boxes.Whatever happened to it, there is no good reason why a modern airline is allowed to disappear.I agree with you.懂你英语L4-Unit2 3Level4 Unit2 Part3 ListeningAlcatrazAlcatraz is a small island in San Francisco Bay, 1.5 miles from San Francisco. From Alcatraz, you can see the famous Golden Gate Bridge. Alcatraz is also famous and is now a major tourist attraction. Tourists can reach the island by boat from the city.Alcatraz has often appeared in movies, including "Escape from Alcatraz" which was made in 1979. One reason it’s famous is because it used to be a prison, a very special prison. It was designed for prisoners who were causing trouble in other prisons, such as trying to escape. It was a maximum security prison, so escape was almost impossible. The waters around it are cold, and only very strong swimmers can swim from the island to San Francisco.The first group of prisoners arrived in 1934. There were 137 prisoners, including bank robbers and murderers. They came by train from another prison in the state of Kansas. During that trip, there was heavy security. The prisoners were under guard and handcuffed. Nobody wanted them to escape.The prison was designed to hold up to 336 prisoners. However, the average population was only about 270. Although there were several notorious inmates, such as Al Capone, most of the inmates were not well-known. Many had tried to escape from other prisons or were considered violent. If a man did not behave at another prison, he could be sent to Alcatraz. At Alcatraz there was just one inmate in each prison cell.Prison life at Alcatraz was highly structured and boring. It was designed to teach prisoners to follow rules. They had four rights: food, clothing, shelter, and medical care. Everything else was a privilege that had to be earned. Privileges included working, visits from family members, and access to the prison library. There were also activities such as painting and music. Once a prisoner showed that he could follow the rules, he could be transferred back to another prison to finish his sentence.Alcatraz was used as a prison for 29 years. During that time, no prisoner escaped successfully. There were 14 escape attempts, involving 36 prisoners. Twenty-three were caught alive, and six were shot and killed. Two men tried to escape twice. Two drowned and five were listed as missing and presumed drowned. The most violent escape attempt occurred on May 2, 1946 when six prisoners tried to escape. That event is called the "Battle of Alcatraz."While it was in use, Alcatraz held some of the most notorious criminals in American history, such as Al Capone. Al Capone was a crime boss who built his career in Chicago. The prison was finally closed in 1963. It was closed because it was too expensive to operate.Level4 Unit2 Part2 VocabularyGraphs & chartsA bar graph uses rectangular bars of different lengths to show and compare data. The lengths of the bars are proportional to the values they represent. The bars can be vertical, up and down, or horizontal.A circle graph, often called a pie graph, is shaped like a circle. It is divided into segments that look like pieces of a pie. Percentages are used to compare the segments, which are ordered from biggest to smallest.Line graphs are used to show the relationship between two variables, such as time and distance. These variables are plotted on 2 axes, the X axis and the Y axis. The X axis often shows time, while the Y axis shows how quantities, such as distance, temperature, or profits change with time.A flowchart is a type of graph that shows how a process or a project flows from start to finish. A flow chart consists of start points, inputs, outputs and decision points.An organizational chart or org chart show the structure of a company. It shows how people and departments within a company are connected. It defines the roles and responsibilities of people and departments within a company.Legal TermsLaws are rules that people are supposed to follow. A system of laws governs the behavior of people within a country. (An action that is against the law is an illegal action.) (An action that follows the law is a legal action.)Criminals are people who break the law. People who commit a crime are called criminals. Some criminals are very dangerous and needed be put in jail. (Someone who commits a crime may be sent to prison.)A jail or prison is a place where criminals are locked behind bars, sometimes for many years. Prisons are designed to keep criminals away from other people.A courthouse is where someone charged with committing a crime goes on trial. In court, evidence is presented to show the guilt or innocence of a person on trial.When someone breaks the law, they may be arrested by the police. To arrest someone means to take and hold them until they go on trial.(When a person is charged with breaking a law ,they are tried in a court of law.)Level4 Unit2 Part3 DialogueCurrent ExchangeMay I help you, sir?I’d like to change some US dollars into Japanese yen, please.Yes, certainly sir.How much would you like to change?I’d like to change 500 dollars.May I see your passport please?I don’t have it with me, but I do have my driver’s license.Would that be OK?No, I'm sorry, sir.I need to see your passport, it’s the law.Look, I’m not asking for a loan.I just want to convert my dollars into yen.Why do I need my passport?I understand your frustration sir, but that’s the law.I can not do something that is illegal.OK, do you have any suggestions?Sure, the easiest things for you to do is to use a machine in one of the hotels near here.You can borrow someone’s passport and then do the conversion.So the machine doesn’t check my fingerprints or anything like that? No, sir. But there is a limit as to how much you can change at one time. You also have to pay a higher fee.Thanks for your help.You’re welcome, sir.。

(懂你英语)英语流利说 Level3 Unit1 Part2(完整版)

Level3.Unit1 Part2作者：Ding MingTime ZonesOur planet, the Earth, is the 3rd planet from the sun.It is a beautiful, rotating sphere.The side facing the sun is in daylight.The side facing away from the sun is in darkness.For example, when it's daytime in the US, it’s nighttime in China.In fact, there’s a 12-hour time difference between Boston and shanghai. When it's midnight in Shanghai. It’s noon in Boston.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Earth rotates from west to east.To know which direction is east or west, watch the sun.The sun travels through the sky from east to west.The sun comes up in the east and goes down in the west.Again, this is because the Earth rotates.It takes 24 hours for the Earth to make a complete rotation.And that is the length of one day.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Because of the Earth 's rotation, the Earth is divided into time zones.Some countries, such as the Us, have several time zones.When it's 10am in New York. It’s 7am in San Francisco.Europe and the US are separated by several time zones.When it's 5:00pm in Paris, it’s 11:00am in Boston.So, there's a six-hour difference between Paris and Boston.One large country, China, has just one time zone for the whole country.As a result, at the same time, some parts of the country can be dark and other parts can be light. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------As you travel around the Earth, the time changes.The time of the day depends on your location on the planet.When you travel east or west, you may cross several time zonesFor example, if you travel from Beijing to Los Angeles, you cross eight time zonesThat means when it's noon on Sunday in China, it’s 8:00pm on Saturday in Los Angeles.For travelers, this means it can be very difficult to sleep after a long flightThe clock may say 8:00pm, but for your body it's noon.This is called jet lag.时差反应--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Crossing several time zones causes jet lag.It depends on how far east or west you travelBecause of the Earth's rotation, the Earth is divided into time zones.Kim’s movie star dreamKim is a popular Korean actress.she's 28 years old, slim and beautiful.she has a large fan club and her movie are very popular.Everywhere she goes, her fans want her autograph.but Kim wants more.she wants to be popular all over the world.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tomorrow is a special day for herShe’s leaving for Hollywood. (tomorrow)she's going to Hollywood to meet with some top movie executives.The meeting is scheduled for the day after tomorrowIf the meeting goes well, she’ll be in a Hollywood movieThis is her chance to become a star.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- she met the movie's director last yearHe came to Korea and saw her latest movieAfter that he decided to use her in his new movieFortunately. Kim’s English is excellent, so she can play the role.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The director wants her to play a major role in the movie.The movie's story will take place in the future.At that time, the world will be a very different place.Unfortunately, much of the world will be polluted.Robots will do much of the work, and only the very rich can have a good life.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The ending of the movie is still a secret.Even Kim doesn't know how it will end.But she hopes it will have a happy ending.She wants people to have hope for a better future.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- She wants the movie to have a happy ending.Actions & comparisons行动与比较These people are having a meetingThe woman is giving a presentationThis person is having a scare dreamIn his dream, something is chasing him, so he is running as fast as he canThis old man is a touristHe is looking out the window of his tour busThis young couple is in an art museumThey are looking at a famous paintingThe sun is setting behind the mountainThe sky is turning red-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The longest line is the one on the topThe top line is the longest of the three linesThe shortest line is the one in the middleThe line in the middle is the shorter than the other twoThe bottom line is the shortestThe shortest of the three lines is the one on the bottomThe shirt on the left is more expensive than the shirt on the rightThe shirt on the right is less expensive than the shirt on the leftThe shirt on the left isn't as expensive as the one on the rightThe shirt on the left costs less than the one on the rightseasons and weatherWinter is the coldest season because the sun is at its lowest point in the skyWinter sports include skiing and ice skatingSummer is the hottest season because the sun is at its highest point in the sky Many people like to go swimming in the summer because of the hot weather Spring is the season when the weather gets warmer each dayFor many animals, new life begins in the springAutumn is the season when the weather begins to cool and the days begin to shorten Autumn is when trees turn many colors and leaves fall to the groundRainy season is the season when some countries get most of their rainfallRainy season usually lasts for one or two monthsMissing the FlightM: HI, I’m sorry to be lateW: What happened?You were supposed to be here an hour agoM: Yes, I know. But I missed my flight----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- W: You missed your flight? How did that happen?M: I got on the wrong bus this morning.so, I was late to the airport.By the time I arrived, the gate was closed.W: What did you do then?M: I had to rebooked my flight and got on the waiting list------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ W: OH, that’s too bad. At least you got hereM: Yes, it wasn't easy getting on the next flight.I had to ran to the gateW: This kind of thing happens a lot lately.Last week, I missed a flight, too----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- M: What happened?W: There was a traffic accident near the airportM: You were drivingW: No, I wasn’t. I was in a taxi.But it took a long time to get to the airport.The traffic was stopped for nearly 15 minutes.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- By the time I got there it was too late to get on the flight.The next flight wasn't for another 3 hours.So, it was a long wait.From now on, I’ll try to get to the airport much earlierM: Me tooA Going Away PartyM: What’s the matter? Why do you look so sad?W: Ada has a new job, she’s going to BeijingM: Really. When’s she leaving?W: She’s leaving at the end of next weekM: Fast soon?W: Yes, she just told meM: That’s too bad. I really enjoy working with herW: Me too. I’m going to miss her.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Let's have a going away party for herM: Good idea. How about this weekend?W: Friday evening would be better. We can have it after workM: Yes, Friday is better-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------W: Let’s go to her favorite restaurant, ok?M: which one? The Italian one or the German one?W: The Italian one has better food,so, let's go there. Their pizzas are awesome----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- M: Ok, I'll make the reservationsW: Let me check with Ada first.We don't want her to miss her partyM: Yeah, let's for sure, and could you please invite everyone in the office? W: Sure, no problem. Nobody will want to miss it。

英语流利说懂你英语 Level6 Unit1 Part1 Listening (2)

英语流利说懂你英语Level6 Unit1 Part1Listening Harry's injury-2Now a month later Harry still can’t remember much of what happened.When he first woke up in the hospital it was several hours after the accident and he was sure where he was.The bad news was that he couldn’t move his legs.This was because his back had been broken in the accident.The doctors later told him that he might never regain the use of his legs.Some of the nerves in his spain and legs had been damaged but everything else was OK.He couldn’t move his legs because his back had been broken in the accident.Now Harry is trying to figure out what to do.If he works hard and exercises every day there is still a chance that his legs will recover on their own.There are also some new treatments that might help his nerves regenerate.Still he should be prepared for the long recovery and the possibility that he might never walk again.Without the use of his legs he wouldn’t be able to continue working in the same way.It wouldn’t be possible to travel so he would have to find another way to attendmeetings. Either that or he would have to look for another way to make a living.If he regains the use of his legs, he’ll be able to continue working in the same way.Harry has good disability insurance so money won’t be a problem for a while.But sooner or later he wants to be able to earn a living again.Of course he isn’t planning to give up on his legs.If he works hard he might still be able to regain their use and learn towalk again. Some of his nerves had been damaged but there is achance that they will heal.The new drugs being developed might make it possible for the nervesto grow back. Still he has to face the possibility that nothing will work.If he wants to regain the use of his legs he’ll have to work hard.However happens Harry is determined to think positively.Even if he can’t walk he can still attend meetings all over the world.With new technology he would be anywhere and there is much of that he could still do.Luckily he still has the use of his arms and hands and his brain is still functioning.With the right attitude he can find a way forward.There is no reason for despair or feeling sorry for oneself.That kind of thinking won’t solve anything.He just hope that his company or another company will give him the chance toprove himself. He can still be a valuable asset for them, come with me.He has a positive attitude toward life and is determined to prove himself.现在一个月后，哈利仍然记不起发生了什么。

英语二 UNIT1 课件

一、目的：1．词汇量的提高。

即数量与质量的双提高。

英语（二）15个单元共有生词915个（A课文有490个；B课文有425个），英语（一）25个单元有1428个（A课文有793个；B课文有635个），加上中学学过的1600个，共计：3943个英语单词。

这些单词，特别是常用的，不是很生僻的单词，都要求认真掌握。

不但要掌握每个单词的词义，还要掌握它的词性，因为不知道词性就无法确定它在句式中的次序，换言之，不知词性就不知道如何使用它。

这一点对于初中级学习者至关重要。

2．语法学习的进一步深入。

英语（一）用前20个单元系统地讲解了英语的基本语法知识。

英语（二）只是对几个语法难点做补充讲解，安排在1，3，5，7，9五个单元。

所以说，学好英语（一）是学习英语（二）的前提和保证。

语法的三个阶段性标志：时态的灵活及正确运用。

包括16种时态，应熟练掌握常见的12种时态的用法和构成，其中过去将来进行时，过去将来完成时，过去将来完成进行时，以及将来完成进行时很少使用，可做一般了解；――非谓语动词、从句的运用。

非谓语动词形式有：不定式，动名词，分词（现在分词和过去分词）。

从句包括：名词从句，定语从句，状语从句。

名词从句又包括：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句。

介词的运用。

介词短语的灵活、准确地运用能起到分词或从句所起的作用。

从而使表达言简意赅，富有表现力。

It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us -- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people,by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. 民生、民主、民享。

流利说_懂你英语_Level4_Unit3

Level4 Unit3 Part1 Listening - Time DistributionLook at these two pie graphs.They show how these two people spend their days, not including weekends.The one on the top shows how Emma divides up her days.She is a designer who works for a large company.As Emma's graph shows, the biggest portion of her day is spent working.She works an average of 8 hours a day, which is one third of her day.She gets an average of 6 hours of sleep, which is 25% of her day.That's less sleep than Martin gets.According to his graph, he gets an average of 7 hours of sleep, which is about 29% of his day.On the other hand, Martin, who is an engineer, works more hours than Emma does.Martin averages 9 hours a day at work, compared to Emma's 8.That's 37.5% compared to 33%.Other factors shown in the graphs include time for meals and commuting to work.Other activities include getting dressed and household chores, such as doing laundry and paying bills.As you can see, for Martin, commuting is taking a large amount of his time.If he could reduce his commute time, he would have more time for other things. And it isn't just the time.When the traffic is really heavy, his commute is stressful.It would be great if he could work from home one or two days a week.His life would be more enjoyable.And looking at Emma's graph, we see that she probably needs more sleep.Perhaps she should spend a bit less time socializing with her friends.On the other hand, socializing with her friends is something she really values.As for putting on makeup, she isn't willing to change that.For her, exercising, socializing and staying beautiful help her deal with the stress of work.In conclusion, Emma and Martin both wish that there were more hours in the day.Level4 Unit3 Part1 Listening - Job Satisfaction FactorsThis next graph shows how various factors compare in importance to 1350 job applicants.These applicants were between 20 and 25 years old.They were asked to list which factors were most important in a good job.As the graph shows, money was the most important factor for 25 percent of the applicants.However, other factors were also important.The second most important factor was the work environment.In other words, for many, money isn't everything.People want to like where they work.In fact, if we combine Work Environment and Co-workers, the total is 35%.This is well above the 25% for salary and benefits.Taken together, they are more important than salary and benefits.Career path is also important, especially for younger applicants.They want to see that their job helps build a successful career.For older workers, this may not be as important.Older workers often put a higher value on the balance between life and work. What do you think?(The best jobs satisfy several needs, not just salary and benefits.)Level4 Unit3 Part1 Vocabulary - Political TermsThe government of a country, is its control system.Governments make laws and provide services to their citizens.The land over which a government has control is its territory.A country's territory has boundaries or borders.When you leave or enter a country's territory, you usually need a passport.A country's military provides defense for its territory, and its citizens.The military includes an army, an air force, and a navy.The main purpose of a military is to defend a country from attack.A country's criminal justice system includes the police, courts, and prisons.Its purpose is to enforce the law and protect people from criminal activities.A country's social services system provides support to people in need.It provides basic health care services and helps poor people support their children.(Most of the citizens of a country live within its territory.)(The criminal justice system is responsible for enforcing the law.)(When a country wants to change its boundaries, there may be a war.)(The territory of a country is defined by its boundaries.)Level4 Unit3 Part1 Vocabulary - Types of GovernmentA state of anarchy exists when a country has no effective government.In an anarchy, there is nobody to make decisions or enforce the laws.An autocracy is the simplest form of government.In an autocracy, the government is controlled by a single individual, known asthe autocrat.Whether or not an autocracy is successful depends on the character and ability of the leader.In an oligarchy, a small group of people controls the government.Membership in this group often depends on family connections, wealth, or military power.In a republic, individuals are elected to represent the citizens.The power of the government in a republic is limited by a constitution.A constitution is a written document that makes the rules for a government to follow.This limits the power of the government.A constitution defines the relationship between the government and its citizens.(Bribery and corruption are common as a way to increase the wealth of the oligarchs.) (Without a good government,decisions that need t o be made,won’t be made.)(In a oligarchy,ordinary citizens may not be aware that they have little or no power.) (Without a government, there is nobody to make decisions or enforce the laws.)Level4 Unit3 Part1 Dialogue - Quitting a JobI hear you lost your job.Is that right?Yes, that's right.I quit.I quit because of the way my boss treats people.What happened?I wasn't feeling good one day, and he yelled at me.When I told him not to yell at me, he threatened me.Is that all?That's what bosses do.Sure, sometimes maybe.But my boss treated everyone badly, and I was tired of it.It was the last straw.The last straw?Yes, you know, it reached the point *where I couldn't take it anymore.I see.So now you don't have a job?Right, I don't have a job.But at least I don't have to deal with my boss anymore.What are you going to do now?To be honest, I'm not sure, but I'll find something.I'll get a job, even if it pays less than before.Are you sorry you quit?Yes, and no.I guess I should have found another job first, and then quit.Why didn't you?As I said, he pushed me too far.There are some things that I just won't take.What about your wife?She isn't happy that I don't have a job, but she understands.She knows I have a temper.And she knows I wasn't happy working there.Well, I guess I'm lucky.My job isn't great, but I like the people I'm working with, and I like my manager. Are you planning to stay there?I don't know.For now it's OK, but of course it all depends on how things change.Well if you hear of any job openings, let me know, OK?Sure, send me your resume, and I'll let people know you're looking.Thanks.(His boss pushed him too far one too many times, so he couldn't wait to quit.) (His boss treated him badly one too many times.)(He treated his employees badly.)(He isn't sure what he is going to do.)Level4 Unit3 Part2 Listening - Story of Lang Lang 1Lang Lang is one of the world's greatest concert pianists.His first contact with western music was when he was just two years old.He watched a cartoon in which a cat played a famous piece by Franz Liszt.From this experience, he decided he wanted to learn to play the piano.When he was three and half years old, he started piano lessons.Two years later he won first place in a piano competition.This early success gave his father high hopes that Lang Lang would become a great pianist.When Lang Lang was nine years old, his father quit his job and took him to Beijing. They left everything behind, including his mother who had to work.Lang Lang didn't want to leave her behind, but his father insisted.His father wanted him to study at the famous Central Conservatory of Music.When they moved to Beijing, they rented a flat in a poor area of the city.During this time, Lang Lang practiced for several hours a day.He started practicing at 5 o'clock, which upset his neighbors.They would often pound on his door and ask him to stop practicing.They were so angry that he often feared that they would beat him up.Level4 Unit3 Part2 Listening - Story of Lang Lang 2Lang Lang usually had piano lessons once a week to prepare for the Conservatory. Nearly 2000 students were applying for just 12 places at the Conservatory.His lessons were expensive and very difficult, especially because of his piano teacher. His music teacher didn't like Lang Lang.He called his teacher "Professor Angry" because she always gave him a hard time.One afternoon, his teacher told him he had no talent and told him to go home.Upon hearing the news, his father screamed and seemed to lose his mind.His father told him that everything was destroyed and there was no reason to live.He ordered Lang Lang to jump off the 11th-floor balcony.After this, Lang Lang almost went crazy.He didn't want to play the piano anymore.For several months he neither played the piano nor spoke to his father.Then some friends encouraged him to play a piece for them and he realized his great love of the piano.For the next 19 months he practiced hard and his father encourage him.Finally, when he was 10, he was accepted into the Conservatory with a full scholarship.In 1995, when he was 13 years old, he played music by Chopin in the Beijing Concert Hall.In that same year he won first place in an international competition for young musicians in Japan.When he was 15 he move to the United States and began studies with a famous pianist at the Curtis Institute.Since then his career has grown and he has become a major star.One American music critic called him "the biggest, most exciting keyboard talent I have encountered in many a year of attending piano recitals."In 2010, Lang Lang signed a recording contract for several million dollars.In 2011 he performed at the White House for Presidents Obama of the United States and Hu jintao of China.With all of his success and fame, Lang Lang tries to encourage others.He uses his fame to spread the popularity of classical music and encourage young musicians.And in the end, Lang Lang and his father have rebuilt their relationship.In his autobiography, Mr Lang dedicated the book to his mother and father. (When he played a piece for his friends, he realized how much he loved the piano.)Level4 Unit3 Part2 Vocabulary - Business and Economics A person's debt is how much he or she owes to others.Debt can be in the form of money, products, or services owed to someone else.If you borrow money, you are taking on new debt.An asset is something that has value, such as money, property, or even a nice personality.Assets can be used to pay off debts.Specialized knowledge or skills are also assets that can be used to get a job or earn money.Real estate is property, such as land, houses, and buildings.Buying, selling or renting property is the business of real estate.Buying and selling real estate is a popular form of investment.Inventory is a detailed list of items in one's possession.In business one's inventory is the supply of items that are ready for sale.If a store runs out of things to sell, it needs to resupply its inventory.An investment, is the purchase of an asset with the hope that its value will increase.A good investment will produce income, such as rental income.If the value of an asset falls, the investment will lose money.(When you use a credit card, you are taking on debt.)(If you buy a house and get a loan, the amount you owe on your loan is part of your debt.)(When you sell an asset at a higher price than what you paid for it, you have made a profit.)(Learning a new skill is a good investmentif it can get you a better job.)Level4 Unit3 Part2 Vocabulary - Countries and Continents China is the second-largest country in the world by land area.A major issue for China is the continuing expansion of its deserts, which have led to dust storm each spring.South Asia is referred to as the Indian subcontinent.It's called a subcontinent because it is separated from the rest of Asia by mountains and seas.It is one of the world's poorest regions with about 75% of the poor livingin rural areas.Europe is the western neighbor of Asia.It is separated from Asia by the Ural mountains which extend for 1500 miles and a north-south direction from the Arctic Ocean.The Philippines is the only country in Asia with a majority of Christians.The Philippines is an island nation with over 7000 islands.It's located in the South China sea.The country's capital city is Manila.Asia is the world's largest continent, covering about 30% of the Earth's land area.Several island nations are also a part of Asia, including Japan.The world's tallest mountains are in Asia, including Mt Everest.(The traditional boundary line between them is the Ural mountain range.)(Forty percent of the world's poor live here.)Level4 Unit3 Part2 Dialogue - Election & Voting Hey, have you decided how you're going to vote?No, I haven't.I don't like any of the candidates.So you aren't going to vote?Hemmmm, I don't know, probably not.It seems like a waste of time.Really?Why do you think it's a waste of time?Have you listened to any of their speeches?Yes, I have, and I agree that the speeches aren't very good. Exactly.I can't believe anything they say.They are just saying what they think we want to hear.Sure they wanna get elected.I admit that the system isn't perfect, but it's all we have.Whether I vote or not won't make a difference.It's all a show.Well, I think you should vote.Do a little research about the candidates.Have you?Yes, I have.I've looked into the backgrounds, and education.How can that help?For example, if they know something about science, it could help the government make better decisions about issues such as climate change.Yes, that's a good point.We need well educated people making decisions.And I look to see what kind of people are supporting them.What issues do you think are most important?I guess for me, pollution, housing and taxes are important.I want to know how the government plans to deal with these issues.Yes, I agree with you.Maybe I will vote, especially if we can get together and talk more about it.What about dinner tomorrow night?Sorry, I'm busy tomorrow night.Oh, that's too bad.Do you have any time in the next few days?I'll take you to a nice restaurant.Actually, I'm quite busy.But I may have some time Sunday afternoon.We could have lunch somewhere near the office.Sure, that works for me.I'll give you a call on Saturday, and we can decide the details, OK?OK, I'll be looking forward to seeing which candidate you support.(She's looked into their backgrounds and education.)Level4 Unit3 Part3 Listening - Honey Bee Pollination Honeybees play an interesting and important role in nature.In addition to making honey, honeybees help many plants reproduce.They do this by pollinating the plant, which means to transfer pollen.Pollination occurs when pollen is moved within a plant's flower or carried to another flower.This is how the plants reproduce.For reproduction to succeed, the pollen must be transferred from the male part of a flower to the female part.Many plants depend on pollination for reproduction.These include many fruits and vegetables.Besides honeybees, there are many other pollinators, including birds, insects and other kinds of bees.Without enough pollinators, many of our favorite fruits and vegetables would become more expensive and hard to find.These include almonds and cherries.Honeybees are important pollinators and play an important role in agriculture. Beekeepers are people who keep honeybees.In addition to collecting honey, some beekeepers provide pollination services to farmers.They do this by raising and managing colonies of bees.Farmers need the colonies to pollinate their crops.Beekeepers can provide and manage bee colonies for farmers.Level4 Unit3 Part3 Listening - Colony CollapseHoney bees are social insects that live in colonies.A bee colony consists of a queen bee, male drones and thousands of female worker bees.Each colony also contains eggs and immature bees in various stages of development.The number of bees within a colony depends on seasonal changes.A colony's population increases during the warm seasons and decreases during colder seasons.In recent years, many bee colonies have collapsed, or disappeared.A bee colony collapse occurs when a majority of the bees in a colony disappear and leave behind the queen.Some beekeepers have reported losing 30 to 90 percent of their colonies.This loss of bee colonies can cause significant problems for farmers who depend on them to pollinate their crops.In some parts of the world a shortage of bees has increased the cost of renting bees by up to 20%.There are several possible causes for bee colony collapse.One possible cause is the use of new pesticides.Other possible causes include infections from viruses, genetic factors,and malnutrition.Changing weather patterns may also play a role as summers get hotter and winters get colder.These changes in weather may weaken the bees, making it more difficult for them to fight infections.Whatever the cause of colony collapse, it's important to understand that many parts of our world are interdependent.Changes that affect one species may have serious effects on other species.A change to our environment can start a chain of events that is difficult to predict.In any complex system such as the Earth's environment, small changes canhave unforeseen consequences.The danger of unforeseen consequences is something we all need to understand better.(The Earth's environment is an extremely complex system.)(In addition to making honey, honeybees help many plants reproduce.)Level4 Unit3 Part3 Vocabulary - Business and Economics Goods and services supply what people need or want.Goods are things such as food and clothing.Services include things such as health care and police protection.A country needs natural and human resources.Natural resources include fresh water supplies, farmland and energy sources such as oil and wind.Human resources include a skilled workforce that can produce goods and services.Once we have a supply of goods or services, they need to be distributed throughout a country.Highways and railways are both ways to transport things from one part of a country to another.Electricity is distributed through a system of transmission lines.We live in an age of advertising.Advertising lets people know about goods and services.It educates people about the products being advertised.Trade allows for the exchange of goods and services between different countries. Exports are goods and services that are sold to another country.Imports are goods and services that are bought from another country.For example, many countries import oil from countries such as Saudi Arabia.(Education and training are ways to develop a skilled workforce.)(Without a system of distribution, goods and services cannot be supplied throughout a country.)Level4 Unit3 Part3 Vocabulary - Career BuildingEmployees are the people who work for a company.Some employees do basic work, such as operating a machine or driving a truck.The people who hire and direct the work of other employees are managers. Interviews are one way to find out about a person who applies for a job.In an interview, a job applicant can ask questions about a company, and the company can find out about a person's skills and experience.An entrepreneur is someone who starts a new company.Entrepreneurs often have new ideas and ways of doing things that can give their company an advantage.Salary and benefits are used to attract new employees into a company.If the salary and benefits are good enough, employees may take the job, and stay with the company.Benefits include vacation time, health insurance and bonuses for employees who do a good job.When applying for a job, it's important to have the skills and experience needed for the job.Developing and increasing skills and experience is a good way to prepare for a good job.Each job a person has is an opportunity to learn new things and develop new skills.(A raise in salary is an example of benefits.)(Advertisers try to increase the demand for a product or service.)Level4 Unit3 Part3 Dialogue - Landlord TroubleYou don't look good.Is something bothering you?Yes, it's my landlord.Oh, it there something wrong with your flat?No, there is nothing wrong with the flat.But I'm going to have to move out.Why do you have to move out?For the last two months, a friend has been staying with me.She is staying until she can find a job.That's nice of you.Yes, but I'm not supposed to have anyone staying there.Was that in the rental agreement?Yes, it was.It's okay if a friend stays for a few days, but not for more than that.So you broke the agreement, even though it was for a good reason. Anyway, one of my neighbors told the landlord about my friend.So now I'm in trouble.The landlord is angry and says she can't trust me.That's ridiculous.I told her about my friend and how I'm trying to help her, but she doesn't care.Wow, she doesn't sound very nice.That's right, she isn't nice.She is just interested in money.In fact, she is going to keep my security deposit.How can she do that?Nothing is damage, right?Right, everything in the flat is fine.She's keeping the deposit because I broke the rental agreement.What about your rent?Yes, that's another problem.I've already paid three months rent, so I hope I get it back. What can you do if she doesn't return it?I don't know.I'll talk to my agent.He's nice, and maybe he can help.Maybe I should refuse to leave the flat until I get it back.Be sure to take pictures of the flat.What for?Just to show the condition of the flat.Then she can't say your friend damage it in anyway.Good idea.She's a small-minded, evil woman.I should never have rented it from her in the first place.(One of her neighbors told the landlord about her friend.) (Her friend was going to stay until she could find a job.) (She has paid 3 months' rent in advance.)(The landlord is going to keep the security deposit.)Level4 Unit3 Part4 Listening - Dream JobsWhat kind of careers are the best, and what are the qualifications?One of the most popular careers for kids is to become an astronaut.Many kids dream of going into space when they grow up.They dream of working on a space station or exploring deep space.To become an astronaut it's important to have the right background.Many astronauts have a background in engineering, physics or medicine. sometimes they have a military background, such as flying military aircraft.As for pay, astronauts can earn a good salary, but not great.Another popular career is to become a musician or actor.Many kids dream of becoming famous singers or movie stars.However, most musicians and actors don't become famous.They are usually paid by the hour or by the performance.Only a very few earn lots of money.So the best advice is not to become a musician or actor unless that's your real passion.Becoming a professional athlete is another dream job for many.It's nice to imagine playing a favorite sport and getting paid for it.However, becoming a professional athlete takes a lot of work and practice.Great athletes practice for hours a day with teammates and coaches.They also work regularly with trainers to keep their bodies strong.The level of pay for athletes depends on the success and level of their performance. Athletes often have short careers because of the physical requirements of their sport.When they are no longer able to compete at a high level, some athletes become coaches.Firefighters and police officers are important jobs that help and protect people.These careers require applicants to complete training programs and pass written and physical tests.These jobs can be exciting and dangerous, so they require courage and sometimes sacrifice.Level4 Unit3 Part4 Listening - Jobs & WagesWhen considering salary and benefits, some of the lowest paying jobs are inthe hospitality and beauty industries.For example, food service workers and hair stylists generally have low salaries. These kinds of jobs don't require much education or training.But again, if you enjoy what you are doing, that may be good enough.For example, you may really enjoy talking with your customers.Spending your life doing something you dislike can be very unsatisfying, even if the salary is high.Some of the highest paid professions include doctors, lawyers and scientists. However, these professions require high levels of education and training.The path to becoming a doctor, for example, is a long one.Doctors require a university degree, several years in medical school and several more years of experience.Only then are they certified as a medical doctor, or MD.So it doesn't make sense to consider these professions unless you are willing to work hard for many years.And of course, you should really care about doing the work well.。

懂你英语Level-4

L4 Unit 1-1Listening 旅游Christina is on a two-weeks vacation. This is the first vacation she has had for a long time. The last vacation she took was more than 2 years ago. Now she is visiting a friend in San Francisco. Her friend and her husband are living near the center of the city. He works for a start-up company in Silicon Valley. While he is working, she works part-time at a department store.Christiana hasn’t seen her friend for a long time. The last time they saw each other was 3 years ago. At that time, they were both working at a department store. Then Christina quit her job and started her own business. She designs women’s clothing. She has 2 employees now and her company is slowly growing.Christina has come to San Francisco by herself. Her husband didn’t come because he has to work. He tried to start a company 2 years ago, but it didn’t work out. His company failed after only a few months. So now he’s working at another company and saving money. Once he saves enough money, he plans to start another company. He doesn’t want to give up.This is the second time Christina has been to San Francisco. The first time was when she was a high school student. That was more than 10 years ago. During that trip she was only in San Francisco for a few days. After that she went to Los Angles and New York. This time she and her friend plan to relax and have fun.Christina arrived two days ago, the day before yesterday. Her friend met her at the airport and drove her to her apartment. Her apartment is just north of the airport, about 20 minutes from San Francisco. It’s a small apartment, but it’s on a hill and it has a great view. Yesterday, they went downtown and rode the cable cars. Christina was surprised by how steep the hills are. Then they walked along the ocean and ate lunch at the seafood restaurant. From the restaurant, they could see the Golden Gate bridge.Tomorrow they’re planning to drive to Yosemite National Park. By car it’s about 4 hours away. Christina has never been there before, so she is excited. She has heard that the park is very beautiful. Her friend has been to Yosemite several times. She says it’s one of the most beautiful places in the world. Christina just hopes that her friend is a good driver.L4 Unit 1-1 vocabulary 伤病和地貌地形Headache can be very painful and can last for a long time. If you have headache your head hurts.A headache can be caused by an injury to the head.A sprained ankle can be so painful that you can’t walk. Someone with a sprained ankle may need to use to crutches to walk.If you have a sore throat, it may be painful to swallow. A sore throat can be caused by viruses or bacteria.A burn is an injury to the skin cause by fire or heat. If you get too close to a fire, you will be burned.An earache is a sharp, dull or burning pain in the ear. Common causes of an earache include an infection, a changing air pressure or water in the ear.Mountains are landforms higher than 2000 feet or about 600 meters above sea level. Hills are like mountain, but not as tall. Mountains are formed by the forces deep within the earth and are made of many types of rocksRivers are stream of water that usually begin at mountains and flow into the sea. Many early cities were built alongside rivers.Most of the world’s water is in the ocean, which are the large bodies of salt water. The oceans are also an important source of oxygen.The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean, covering more area than all the continents put together.Deserts are areas of land that receive little or no rainfall. The amount of rainfall in some deserts is so low that only a few plants can survive.Desert temperatures can range from cold at night to very hot during the daytime, often above 120 degrees F.A valley is low, relatively flat area between hills and mountains, often with the river running through it. Some valleys are formed by flowing river and others are formed by glaciers.L4 Unit 1-1 dialogue 谈论吃饭和预约M: Have you eaten yet.F: Not, I haven’t and I’m hungry.M: Me too. Let’s go out for dinner.F: Where toM: What about joe’s Italian.F: How many times have you eaten there.M: I eat there a lot. It’s one of my favorite places.F: I went there two weeks ago and the service was terrible.M: Really, then let’s go some places else. What do you suggest?F: How about the royal Indian. It’s not far from here.M: I’ve never heard of it. Is it good?F: Yes, I have been there several times and I’ve never been disappointed.M: Ok, let’s try it. I’ve never eaten Indian food for a long time.F: You won’t be disappointed and the prices are reasonable.M: Ah, so you mean I’m going to pay.F: Well, that would certainly be nice.M: What about reservations.F: If you get there early enough, we won’t need them.M: I hope you’re right.F: Don’t worry, if we have to wait, I‘ll pay the bill.L4 Unit 1-2 Listening 旅游2Today, Christina and her friend are enjoying themselves. This morning they got up very early and drove out of San Francisco. They crossed the Bay Bridge before the early morning commute and drove south. Because it was so early, there were almost not cars.After driving an hour and a half, they stopped to had breakfast. They ordered pancakes and coffee. They also had some fresh fruits. When they finished eating, it was 7 o’clock. Then they got back into the car and drove south. Christina wanted to listen to music, so they turned on the radio. An hour later they stopped for gas. They noticed that there was also a charging station for electric cars.It’s now 1:15 and they are in Yosemite Park. They have been there for two hours, since 11:15. They are looking at the Yosemite falls, which is the highest waterfall in the park. The water drops a total of 740 meters from the top of upper fall to the base of the lower fall.In another 15 minutes they plan to eat lunch at a magnificent old hotel in the park. It was built in 1927 and has a great view. They wanted to stay there, but they couldn’t get reservation. To get a room at that hotel you usually need to make reservations several months in advance.They plan to stay in the park until around 4 o’clock. By then they will have been in the park for nearly 5 hours. Then they’ll get back into the car and drive back to San Francisco. They plan to eat dinner somewhere along the way. If the traffic isn’t too bad, they should be back in San Francisco by 10 o’clock.Early tomorrow morning they are going to cross the Golden Gate Bridge and go north along the coast. From some places, you can look out on the ocean and see whales and other sea life. Christina has never seen a whale before, so she’s looking forward to it. And tomorrow night they have something special planned. They are going to watch a baseball game. Christina has never seen a baseball game, but she has heard that it is very popular in the US. And the San Francisco baseball team is one of the best.L4 Unit 1-2 vocabulary 力学、几何A force is a push or a pull on the object. A force changes the motion of a moving object.A force can be strong or weak and it always has a direction.The earth is a planet that goes around the sun in the circular orbit. The speed of its motion doesn’t change and the direction of its motion does. The earth has a layer of gas above its surface, which helps to support life.Atoms are the building blocks of matter. At the center of an atom is its nucleus, which has a positive electric charge. Outside the nucleus are electrons, which have a negative charge.Asteroids(小行星) and comics are object that orbits（轨道）our sun, but are smaller than planets. Asteroid that pass close to the earth are called the near-earth objects. The layer of gases, just above the earth surface, is our atmosphere. The atmosphere is made up of gases, such as oxygen and nitrogen. Without an atmosphere, there would be not life on earth.The two lines on the left intersect（横断）each other at a right angle which is 90 degrees. The 2 lines on the right are parallel, which means they never cross.The adjacent sides of rectangle are perpendicular, which means they meet at a 90-degree angle. The opposite sides of the rectangle are equal a parallel, which means they never cross. The area of a rectangle is the length times the width.A circle is the 2 dimensional（尺寸的）figures with radius（半径）and circumference which is the distance around the circle. The area of the circle is π R square, where r is the radius and Pi is the ratio of the circle’s circumference to its diameter.A sphere is a 3 dimensional figure with the a ratio and volume, which is the three-fourth πR cube（立方体）. All points on the surface of the sphere are equidistant（等距离的）from its center.A rectriangle is a 2 dimensional figure with 3 sides, 2 of which are perpendicular. To find its area, multiply the length of the 2 perpendicular（垂直的）sides, A andB and divided by 2, A equates （相等）one half A B.The electric force between the nucleus and the electrons holds the atom together.A force can increase or decrease the speed of an object, and it can change the direction of motion.L4 Unit 1-2 dialogueM：Have you finished eating yet.F：Not, I haven’t.Why are you in such a hurry.M：I’m sorry, but you are such a slow eater.F：A slow eater? Well I try to enjoy my food. You just eat and swallow. I don’t see how you can even taste it.M：Ok, I’m sorry. Do you mind if I get another glass of wine.F：No, go ahead. I don’t want you to sit there putting pressure on me. I thought we were going to have a relaxing evening.M：Yes, you are right. I’d like to relax, but I had a lot on my mind.F：What created?M：Yes. it is. I’ve been getting some strange emails from my boss. He wants me to cut down on my expenses. Maybe he wants to fire me.F：Is business bad?M：Yes, it is. But I don’t want to talk about it.F：Ok, but I’m a good listener. You can tell me if you’d like to.M：Thanks, maybe some other time. I’ll try to start thinking about it and deal with it tomorrow. F：Good idea. You need to take a break from work. Your health is important and so am I.M：Yes, you are. I don’t know what I would do without you.L4 Unit 1-3 listening 旅游3Harry is an American businessman. His job requires him to do a lot of travelling. He takes 9 or 10 trips a year. In the past six months he has made five trips. Three were to Asia and two were to Europe. The purpose of these trips is to attend meetings and make presentations.Harry loves to travel and he has traveled to many countries. Most of his trips are for one or two weeks. His first international trip was 15 years ago when he was 20 years old. He really wanted to see Asia, so he and a friend flew to Tokyo, Japan.From Tokyo, they traveled around Japan for 2 weeks. The people they met very nice, but most of them didn’t speak English. Harry tried to speak a little Japanese, but it was difficult. He didn’t do very well. When he spoke to people, most of them just looked at him. They didn’t understand what he was trying to say.From Japan they went to Korea for a week, and then they went to China. In China they visited the Great Wall in Beijing. He stayed in Beijing for a few days and then they boarded a train for shanghai. It was an overnight train with sleeping cars.During the journey, they enjoyed looking out of the window at the countryside. The view from the train was wonderful. Harry will never forget watching the sun go down in the evening. It was a beautiful sunset.The journey to shanghai took many hours, but it was an unforgettable experience. On the train, he met a Chinese Professor who spoke English. He was middle-aged man whose hair was turning grey. He told them about how things were changing in China. It was wonderful to watch him as he was speaking. His eyes were full of energy and excitement.They only stayed in shanghai for a couple of days. Then they returned to the US and went back to school. They had one more year to finish their studies.Harry’s next new trips were to different parts of the world. He went to Europe twice, each time to different countries. On one trip he travel through the UK and France. On the next trip he went Italy and Greece.After the Europe he traveled to Mexico and South America. In south America he went to Argentina and Brazil. He enjoyed watching some great soccer matches.Then he decided to go back to Asia. But this time, he went to Southeast Asia. He visited Vietnam, Thailand and Singapore. Each country had a charm of its own.After this travel, harry decided to make travel part of his career. He didn’t want to work only in the US. He didn’t want work only with Americans. He wanted to experience other countries and other cultures. His dream was to work for an international company.Five years ago his dream came true. Now he’s working for a German hi-tech company. As part of his job, he has to travel a lot. As a result, he has been to many cities and counties. And he has met many interesting people.L4 Unit 1-3 vocabulary 牙齿、人体器官cavity n.腔，洞;蛀牙，龋洞A dental cavity is a hole in the tooth. A cavity is caused by bacteria in the mouth. Brushing your teeth frequently and regularly can help prevent cavities.cracked adj.有裂缝的;声音沙哑的;精神失常的v.破裂;崩溃(crack的过去分词);发沙哑声A cracked tooth can be caused by biting down on some hard. Dentists the treat cracked tooth by covering it with a crown(牙冠).A dental X-ray is a picture of your teeth and gums. An X-ray shows what can’t be seen on the surface of teeth and gums.Braces are used by dentists to straighten teeth over a period of years. Those braces are usually for children, they can also be used for adults with crooked teeth.To extract a tooth means to remove it from the mouth. Dentists have to pull hard to extract a tooth.The heart pumps blood to all parts of bodies through a system of arteries and vein. It’s located in the chest, between the lungs and it beats about once per second.Artery n.[解剖]动脉;干线，要道toxin n.毒素;毒质The kidneys remove waste and toxins from the blood. They are been shaped organ and about 10 cm long, and 6 cm wide.The lungs exchange oxygen from the air with CO2 from the blood. They expand when inhaling air and contract when exhaling air.Inhale vt.& vi.吸气;吸入;〈非〉狼吞虎咽Exhale vt.发散出;放出，放射;使蒸发;[医]渗出vi.呼气;发散;放出The stomach is below the heart and is part of the digestive system. It uses acids to digest food before passing it to the small intestine.Small intestine n.小肠The bladder is a balloon-shaped organ that collects urine from the kidneys. In an audit, the bladder can hold about half a liter of urine.urine n.尿;小便;下泉 a liter of 公升L4 Unit 1-3 dialogue 谈论贿赂P: Good evening, sir. You were driving too fast.M: Really. Was i.P: Yes, you were going well above the speed limit.M: I’m sorry, officer.P: Ok, I need to see your driver’s license.M: Here’s my driver’s license.P: Your license is expired. Are you aware of that?M: No, sir. That’s a surprise. I didn’t know.P: It expired more than a year ago.P: Is this your car.M: No, sir, it’s a friend’s. I’m borrowing it for the night.P: Get out of the car and put your hands behind your back.M: Why officer? what have I done?P: Just do as I say.M: Ok officer, I’m cooperating. Please don’t push me.P: Get your hands behind your back.M: Ok, ok!P: I’m not asking you. I’m ordering you.M: Please officer. I haven’t done anything wrong.P: Stay still and don’t say anything. This is a stolen car, are you aware of that.M: Are you going to arrest me.P: What do you think? That’s what we do with car thieves.M: If you let me go. I will give you a couple of thousand dollars. I haven’t hurt anybody. P: So now you’re trying to bribe me. How stupid can you be.M: I just don’t want to go back to jail. Give me a break.P: Sure, you are a nice guy. I’d like to give you a break. But that’s nothing I can do. M: Please officer.P: Ok, where is the money. Let me see it and I will think about it.L4 Unit 1-4 listening 家政服务Quick service is a successful home repair company. It provides quick, reliable repair services to homes. It was established 5 years ago and has been expanding rapidly. In the last 2 years, it has opened offices in 3 new cities.Because of its rapid growth, it has to hire many new employees. In the last 6 months, it has hired 50 new employees. The total number of the employees in the company is now over 500. And the number of the customers has increased to more than 5000.The company has also improved its business model. Instead of offering only repair services, it can now help customers upgrade their appliances. Quick Service does this by one. If they choose to buy a new one, they will get a discounted price. So a customer can either repair a broken refrigerator for a small fee or buy a new one.If they buy a new one, they will get a discounted price, along with free installation. This is possible because several appliance manufactures have agreed to give QuickService big discounts. QuickService then installs the new appliance and remove the old one. Feedback from customers has been positive.A high percentage of customers have taken advantages of this new service. As a result, QuickService has developed a great reputation. Its dedication to the high quality service has proven to be successful. Its word-of-mouth approach to advertising has been cost effective. The appliance manufactures have also been happy with the results. Their growing relationship with QuickService has helped increase their sales.The world’s population is growing. There are now over 7 billion people in the world. During the 20th century, the population grew from 1.65 billion to 6 billion. It’s now going at a rate of around 1.1% per year. That means an increase is about 80 million per year. By 2024 the population is expected to be around 8 billion people.The growth rate used to be higher. In the late 1960s, the rate of growth was about 2%. Since then the growth rate has declined. It is estimated that the growth rate will be even less than 1% by 2020. By the year 2050 the growth rate should be even less.Even with a declining growth rate, the population will continue to grow. But it will grow at a slower rate. In the past 50 years, the world’s population has more than doubled. It has doubled from around 3 billion in 1960 to more than 7 billion in 2011.The rate of growth varies by country. The growth rate in India is more than twice that of china. And the growth rate in Nigeria, which is Africa, is more than twice than India’s growth rate. Russia, one the other hand, has had a negative growth rate in some years. When the country has a negative growth rate, its population is decreasing.L4 Unit 1-4 vocabulary 名人和性格Co-founder of Apple, this entrepreneur was a major figure in the computer industry. He was self-center and difficult to work for, but he led the development of many great products. He died of cancer when he was just 56 years old.Jack Ma is one of the richest and most famous men in china. He comes from a poor family and failed his college entrance exam twice. Despite of many failures, he has built one of the world’s largest internet companies.David Beckham is one of world’s richest and famous athletes. He stared playing professional football when he was just 17. Much of his successful at an athlete, is because he practice hard than many other players.As a young girl in Pakistan, Malala became famous for her writing some women education. In 2012, she was shot in the head and nearly killed. She survived the injury and became the world’s most famous teenager.Born in 1942, Stephen Hocking is one of the world’s most famous scientists. When he was 23, he was diagnosed with AIS, a rare disease of the nerves. Because of his disease, he is unable to walk and talk.Shy people are usually quiet and uncomfortable around other people. They generally dislike going to social events such as party. It’s often difficult to make friend with shy person because they won’t open up.Outgoing people are enjoying being with other people and are comfortable in social situations. They are friendly and pleasant to be with, though sometime they can be trusted.Self-centered people like to be the center of attention. They like people to look at them and pay attention to them. Self-centered people often talk too much and don’t listen enough.Selfish and greedy people don’t share things with others. They keep things for themselves and always want more.People who are responsible and trust-worthy, are important in almost any situation. They can be depended on to get things done. These people can be trusted.Some people really dislike being around self-centered people.L4 Unit 1-4 dialogue 女朋友M1：Hey, steven, you know I’m your friend, right.M2：Sure, I know that. What are you trying to say.M1：I’m sorry to say this. But I think you’re making a fool of yourselves.M2：How am i make a fool of myselfM1：You girlfriend are taking advantage of you.M2：Taking advantaging of me?M1：Yes, I think so. She just using you.M2：So, maybe she is. But I don’t mind. Even if she is using me, it’s ok. I’m using her too.M1：What do you mean. Aren’t you in love with her?M2：Yes, I’m in love with her. But that doesn’t mean that I’m not using her too.M1：I don’t understand. What do you mean.M2：Maybe I’m using her because I enjoy being in love. I can’t imagine life without her. Even if she hurts me sometimes, I love her.M1：Do you trust her.M2：Yes, I trust. She tells me what’s important to her. She’s honest with me. She is never lied to me about anything important.M1：Are you honest with her?M2：Yes, we are honest with each other, even when it hurts. And because we’re honest with each other, we trust each other.M1：Ok, so you don’t think you’re being taken advantage of.M2：No, I don’t, as long as she is honest with me. The day she isn’t honest with me, will be the end of our relationship. And when that happens, my heart will break. But until then, I’m her man.M1：Ok, I think I understand. I didn’t think you knew what was going on.M2：I’m as stupid as my look, my friend. Being in love with her, makes my life exiting.M1：Well, I hope you’re right.L4 Unit 2-1 Listening 物种、环境The earth was formed about 4.6 million years ago. The first life appeared about a billion years later. The first plants didn’t appear until around 2 billion years ago. Until around 580 million years ago, life forms were small and microscopic(微观). Since that time, live has evolved into many different types, or species. However, scientists estimate that more than 99% of them are now extinct.There have been several extinction events in the history of the Earth. In an extinction event many life forms, or species of life, die out. The causes of the mass extinction events are unsolved mysteries. These events are not predictable and can happen at any time. Scientists think that some of them were started by asteroid impacts or volcanic eruptions. Events like these can change the global conditions that life depends on.One major extinction event happened about 66 million years ago. That event may have been started by a large asteroid that hit the Earth. As a result, the dinosaurs and about half of all species on the planet died out. When the asteroid hit the earth, it started a chain of events. A chain of events is a series of events linked together, like a chain.This particular chain of events happened over a period of months and years. When the asteroid hit the earth, it caused a huge cloud of dust to enter the atmosphere. This cloud of dust blocked the sun and darkened the Earth for many months. Without enough sunlight, plants and plant-eating animals quickly died. With the deaths of so many plants and animals, the food chain collapsed. This led to the deaths of many more species.Mass extinction events have played an important part in the evolution of life. In fact, some extinction events have helped to accelerate evolution. For example, some mammals lived through the age of dinosaurs, but they couldn’t compete. When the dinosaurs were removed, the mammals were able to compete more successfully. Once they could compete, mammals evolved to a higher state. Without the extinction events, perhaps we wouldn’t be here today.Scientists estimate that there have been at least 5 mass extinctions in the last 540 million years. They also believe that we have entered a new extinction event. Species are becoming extinct at a much faster rate than before. Instead of asteroids or volcanic eruptions, the current event is the result of human activities. Human activities, for example, have led to global warming.Global warming is the result of an increase in carbon gases in our atmosphere. These gases trap heat from the sun, so the Earth is getting warmer. As a result, sea levels are rising and weather patterns are changing. In addition, we humans are destroying the habitats of many plants and animals. Cutting down forests and polluting rivers destroys the habitats of many forms of life.There is no longer any doubt that this is happening. Specials of live are disappearing atan increasing rate. Global temperatures are rising and weather patterns are changing. Scientists are warning us that fast action is necessary to save our future. If we d on’t act, we may go the way of the dinosaurs.L4 Unit 2-1 vocabulary 身体系统、产业、技术The body circulatory system includes the heart and blood vessels. The heart pumps blood to all parts of body through a network of arteries（动脉）and veins.The digestive system breaks down and absorbs food into the body. It supplies the energy that the body need s for growth and repair. After digestion, excess food is turned into waste and eliminated from the body.The nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord and nerves. This is your bodies control system. It controls your muscles and organs included your circulatory and digestive system.The nervous system regulates your heartbeat and digestion.It brings air and oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide. The lungs are where oxygen enters the bloodstream and carbon dioxide is removed.The immune system protects the body against infections and diseases. Sneezing and fever are examples of how the immune system works. If an infection invades the body and the immune system attacks it.The control use of fire allowed people to cook food and survive in the colder climates. Fire provided the light so that people could work and socialize for longer hours.With the invention of agriculture, people can grow food and settle into communities. By growing food, people could spend less time hunting and more time for other things, such as art.With the development of agriculture, people had more time for other activities.The domestication of animals allows people to raise and use animals for food and work. By raise herds of animals, such as sheep, people have regular supply of meat and clothing. The strength of animals such as horses and oxen was used for work and transportation.The development of tools and machines has resulted in a more fashion manufacturing and construction. With better tools and machines, works can be done with fewer people and much lower cost.The development of science and engineering has improved many things including communications. With understanding of electricity, telephone and radios allow people to communicate over long distances.The use of machines has reduced the number of people needed to make things.。

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