人教版英语选修七-Unit2-Robots-知识点及语法归纳
(完整版)人教版英语选修七Unit2Robots知识点及语法归纳(可编辑修改word版)
核心单词1.desire n. 渴望vt. 想要常用结构：desire sth. 渴望得到某物desire to do sth. 希望/渴望做某事desire that sb. (should) do 要求……have a desire for sth./to do sth. 渴望得到某物/希望做某事at one’s desire 照某人的希望We all desire happiness and health.我们都希望幸福健康。
Everyonehas a desire for success, but not everyone desires to get rich. 每个人都渴望成功，但并非人人都渴望金钱。
He desires you to go to see him at once. =He desires that you should go to see him at once.他要求你马上去见他。
翻译句子（原创）①他想接受大学教育。
②他们要我快点回来。
③我请他立即回信。
④她要你立即见她。
⑤她应邀演奏了一曲。
解析：①He desired a college education.②They desire me to return soon.③I desire an immediate answer of his.④She desires that you (should) see her at once.⑤She played a piece at others’desire/by desire.2.alarm n.警报vt.使……惊恐We were much alarmed by the fire in the forest. 森林失火使我们大为惊慌。
常用结构：give /raise the alarm 发警报ring the alarm 敲警钟sound the alarm 发警报; 吹警报号take (the) alarm at 对……感到吃惊; 因……而惊恐be alarmed at ... 被……吓一跳As soon as he saw the smoke, he sounded the alarm. 一看见烟雾，他就鸣响了警报。
人教选修七 Unit2 Robots词汇语言点 精选学习文档
Unit 2 Robots一．单词考点Section A Warming-up,Reading&Comprehending1.desire 的用法n&vt⑴作n时，[C,U]渴望；渴求；欲望搭配：have no desire for sth./to do sth.没有得到某物/做某事的愿望satisfy one's desire满足某人的愿望at one's desire应某人的要求a desire for sth./to do sth.渴望得到某物/做某事a desire that...(should)do sth.想要……做某事eg:He has a strong desire for knowledge/to learn.⑵作vt时，“想要；渴望，期望；希望得到”不用于进行时。
搭配：desire to do sth.渴望做某事desire sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事eg:She desires you to come at once.=She desires that you (should)come at once.2.alarm“使警觉；使惊慌；惊动”“惊慌；警报”的用法(—alarmed “担心的，害怕的”) adj. n.搭配：be alarmed at...被……吓一跳；害怕take (the)alarm at...对……感到吃惊；因……而惊恐eg:①The fire caused much alarm.②I don't want to alarm you,but there is a strange man in your garden.③She was alarmed at the prospect(情景)of traveling alone.3.satisfaction [U]满意[C]令人满意的事物；乐事n搭配：with satisfaction满意地to one's satisfaction/to the satisfaction of sb.让某人满意的是eg:To the satisfaction of the teacher,his students all passed the exam.注1：to one's great satisfaction=greatly/much to one's satisfaction=greatly/much to the satisfaction of sb.注2：satisfaction ——satisfy 满足，使满意；符合(规定、条件或标准等)——satisfied (感到)满意的，满足的(修adjnvt饰人)——satisfying 令人满意的，令人高兴的——satisfactory 令人满意的；可喜的，令人愉快的(修饰事物) adjadj4.test out 试验；考验vt短语：test on(就某事)考查(某人)；(在某人或某物身上)试验……test for sth.探测某事；检测某物eg:Scientists test out theories by experiment.5.sympathy 的用法n⑴“同情，同情心”搭配：have/feel sympathy for sb./sth.同情某人/某物express sympathy for对……表示同情show sympathy to 对……表示同情介get/win sympathy from sb.获得某人的同情页 1 第out of sympathy出于同情eg:I have no sympathy for beggars,especially young people.⑵“赞同，支持”搭配：(have)sympathy with...赞同，支持……in sympathy with sb./sth.支持某人/某物out of sympathy with sb./sth.不赞成/不支持某人/某事物eg:I have no sympathy with your silly idea.6.favor 的用法n&vt⑴作n时，[C]“帮忙”[U]“赞同，支持”搭配：do sb.a favor帮某人一个忙in favor of赞成，支持eg:Would you do me a favor?⑵做vt时，“喜爱；偏袒；有利于”eg:①Personally,I favor traveling alone by bike.②She always favors her younger son.③Warm weather favors many kinds of plants.6.or rather“更确切地说，更准确地说”eg:What I want is the truth,or rather,a series of truth.7.accompany 的用法vt⑴“陪同，陪伴，伴随”搭配：accompany sb.to somewhere陪同某人去某地accompany sb.to do sth.陪伴某人去做某事注：accompany sb.=keep pany[U]陪伴某人eg:I'd like you to accompany to the hospital.⑵“为……伴奏”搭配：accompany sb.at/on sth.用某物给某人伴奏be accompanied by sb.由某人伴奏eg:Li Yundi accompanied Wang Lihong on/at the piano.⑶“伴随……发生，与……同时发生”eg:Lightening usually accompanies thunder.8.ring up给……打电话ring sb up=ring sb.up=give sb.a ring=give sb.a (phone)call=phone sb.=call sb.搭配：ring back回电话ring off挂断电话9.turn around回转；转向；转过身有关turn的短语：turn back折回，返回turn away转过脸去；不理；撵走turn down调低；拒绝turn on打开turn over翻转turn in上交，交回页 2 第turn out结果是；生产turn up调高，调大；出现，露面turn off关掉turn to转向；翻到；求助于10.declare的用法vt⑴宣布；宣告；公布eg:When the headmaster declared the sports meeting open,all the students applauded loudly.⑵表明；宣称；断言搭配：declare for声明支持declare against声明反对declare sth./sb.to be...声称某人/某物……declare that...宣称……eg:Most people declared for peace but against war.区别：declare,announce⑴declare经常用于正式场合，指正式宣布立场或态度等，公开让人知道。
(完整word版)人教版高中英语选修七unit2Robots-词汇篇.docx
第 3 讲 Robots词汇篇知识梳理：一 . 重点1. desire n. 渴望vt. 想要[ 重点用法 ]desire sth. 渴望得到某物desire to do sth. 希望 / 渴望做某事desire that sb.(should) do 要求⋯⋯have a desire for sth./to do sth. 渴望得到某物/希望做某事at one’desire照某人的希望[ 典例 ]1)We all desire happiness and health. 我都希望幸福健康。
2)Everyone has a desire for success, but no everyone desire to get rich. 每个人都渴望成功，但并非人人都渴望金。
3)He desires you to go to see him at once. 他要求你上去他。
=he desires that you should go to see him at once.2. alarm n.警vt.使 ``` 惊恐[ 重点用法 ]give /raise the alarm 警ring the alarm 敲警sound the alarm 警 ; 吹警号take (the) alarm at...感到吃惊 ; 因 ...而惊恐be alarmed at ... 被 ...吓一跳[ 典例 ]1)We were much alarmed by the fire in the forest. 森林失火使我大惊慌。
2)As soon as he saw the smoke, he sounded the alarm. 看火灾爆，他响了警。
3. Sympathy n.同情[ 重点用法 ]feel /have sympathy for同情某人in sympathy with同情;成;和......一致out of sympathy with...不同情 ; 不成 ;......没有同感 , 和 ......不一致win sympathy of博得......的同情[ 典例 ]1)He gave the poor child some money out of sympathy. 出于同情，他了个孩子一点。
人教选修七 Unit2 Robots词汇语言点
人教选修七 Unit2 Robots词汇语言点Unit 2 Robots一．单词考点Section A Warming-up,Reading&Comprehending1.desire n&vt的用法⑴作n时，[C,U]渴望；渴求；欲望搭配：have no desire for sth./to do sth.没有得到某物/做某事的愿望satisfy one's desire满足某人的愿望at one's desire应某人的要求a desire for sth./to do sth.渴望得到某物/做某事a desire that...(should)do sth.想要……做某事eg:He has a strong desire for knowledge/to learn.⑵作vt时，“想要；渴望，期望；希望得到”不用于进行时。
搭配：desire to do sth.渴望做某事desire sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事eg:She desires you to come at once.=She desires that you (should)come at once.2.alarm“使警觉；使惊慌；惊动”n.“惊慌；警报”的用法(—alarmed adj.“担心的，害怕的”)搭配：be alarmed at...被……吓一跳；害怕test for sth.探测某事；检测某物eg:Scientists test out theories by experiment.3.sympathy n的用法⑴“同情，同情心”搭配：have/feel sympathy for sb./sth.同情某人/某物express sympathy for对……表示同情show sympathy to介对……表示同情get/win sympathy from sb.获得某人的同情out of sympathy出于同情eg:I have no sympathy for beggars,especially young people.⑵“赞同，支持”搭配：(have)sympathy with...赞同，支持……in sympathy with sb./sth.支持某人/某物out of sympathy with sb./sth.不赞成/不支持某人/某事物eg:I have no sympathy with your silly idea.4.favor n&vt的用法⑴作n时，[C]“帮忙”[U]“赞同，支持”搭配：do sb.a favor帮某人一个忙in favor of赞成，支持eg:Would you do me a favor?⑵做vt时，“喜爱；偏袒；有利于”eg:①Personally,I favor traveling alone by bike.②She always favors her younger son.③Warm weather favors many kinds of plants.6.or rather“更确切地说，更准确地说”eg:What I want is the truth,or rather,a series of truth.7.accompany vt的用法⑴“陪同，陪伴，伴随”搭配：accompany sb.to somewhere陪同某人去某地accompany sb.to do sth.陪伴某人去做某事注：accompany sb.=keep pany[U]陪伴某人eg:I'd like you to accompany to the hospital.⑵“为……伴奏”搭配：accompany sb.at/on sth.用某物给某人伴奏be accompanied by sb.由某人伴奏eg:Li Yundi accompanied Wang Lihong on/at the piano.⑶“伴随……发生，与……同时发生”eg:Lightening usually accompanies thunder.8.ring up给……打电话ring sb up=ring sb.up=give sb.a ring=give sb.a(phone)call=phone sb.=call sb.搭配：ring back回电话ring off挂断电话9.turn around回转；转向；转过身有关turn的短语：turn back折回，返回turn away转过脸去；不理；撵走turn down调低；拒绝turn on打开turn over翻转turn in上交，交回turn out结果是；生产turn up调高，调大；出现，露面turn off关掉turn to转向；翻到；求助于的用法10.declarevt⑴宣布；宣告；公布eg:When the headmaster declared the sports meeting open,all the students applauded loudly.⑵表明；宣称；断言搭配：declare for声明支持declare against声明反对declare sth./sb.to be...声称某人/某物……declare that...宣称……eg:Most people declared for peace but against war.区别：declare,announce⑴declare经常用于正式场合，指正式宣布立场或态度等，公开让人知道。
人教新课标选修七 Unit2 Robots词汇详解
第二单元1.appear (1) 意为“出现，呈现”，不及物动词，无被动态，其反义词为disappear 不及物动词，无被动态It appears to be / that/ as if… 和appear + 介词短语A rainbow appeared in the sky after the rain. We expected him to come at seven but hedidn’t appear until eight.Her new book will appear in the bookshops very soon. He said I would never appear on the air. He appeared ill.He appeared (to be) willing to go with me. He appeared to have seen the film. It appeared to me that you are right.(2) 意为“ 似乎，好像，显得” 不用于进行时。
You don’t appear to care much for music .She appears ( to be ) an honest girl. It appears as if they have lost interest in English.appear ,look, 与seem的异同：(1) appear 指根据事物的表面现象而作出的判断，暗含事实上并非如此之意。
(2) look 指凭视觉印象而作出的判断，实际上也可能如此。
He looked as if he was worryingabout something .(正)…(3) seem 是指暗含有一定根据的，往往接近事实的判断，强调内心的感受。
His health seemsto be better.它们之后都可以接名词、形容词、to be 不定式等结构，通常可以互换，但下列情况下不可互换。
人教版高中英语选修7Unit2知识点汇总
人教版高中英语选修七Unit2知识点总结Unit 2 Robots一、语言要点IV 重点词汇1. desire n.渴望vt.想要[重点用法]desire sth.渴望得到某物desire to do sth.希望/渴望做某事desire that sb.(should) do要求……have a desire for sth./to do sth.渴望得到某物/希望做某事at one’s desire照某人的希望[典例]1) We all desire happiness and health.我们都希望幸福健康。
2) Everyone has a desire for success, but no everyone desire to get rich.每个人都渴望成功，但并非人人都渴望金钱。
3) He desires you to go to see him at once.他要求你马上去见他。
=he desires that you should go to see him at once.2.satisfaction n.满意[重点用法]satisfactory n. 满意的,satisfy v. 满足, 使满意,demand satisfaction要求赔偿;feel satisfaction at ... 对感到满意find satisfaction in对...感到满意to sb.'s satisfaction (to the satisfaction of sb.)达到使某人满意的程度with satisfaction满意地[典例]1) At last, the whole class found satisfaction in their work.最终,全班都对他们的工作感到满意。
2) What he promised could not satisfy his family.他的许诺并未能使他的家人满意。
Unit2Robots知识点高中英语人教新课标选修七
核心词汇
【即学即练】 根据汉语意思，完成句子。 (1)请你帮我拿一下行李好吗？ Could you please ______________ to take the baggage? (2)就我个人来说，我赞成前面一种看法。 Personally I _________________ the former view. 答案 1.do me a favor 2.am in favor of
（2）
desire to do sth. 渴望做某事
desire sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
desire that.......(从句中谓语动词用should+动词原形， 虚拟语气形式)
核Байду номын сангаас词汇
【经典例句】
① One woman had expressed a strong desire to learn to read. ② As is known to us，everyone desires health and happiness. ③ We always desire to live in peace with our neighbors. ④ We desire that immediate help be given to the local villagers who
核心词汇
3. sympathy [ˈsɪmpəθi] n．同情，同情(心)；赞同，支持
(教材P11)Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot.
知识梳理 have/feel sympathy for sb./sth. 对某人/某物表示同情
人教版高中英语选修7 Unit 2 Robots 单元重点小结
change,就要根据语境判断其在句中作名词还是动词,以便确定采用
其复数形式changes,形容词changeable(作定语)或相应的动词时态
或语态。如I’d skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists
前的定语修饰成分many(Chinese)可知,此处需要名词复数形式
(paintings)。
重点词汇
重点句型
重点语法
功能
走近高考
拓展阅读
二、重视上下文/语境
毋庸置疑,有些填空题可从局部或其所在句子的部分成分就能确
定正确答案,如by car,at the same time。但有些题需要从上下文或
语境中获取信息,综合考虑后才能做出正确的选择。也就是有些题
there
stood Gladys Claffern.
当她转身时,她发现格拉迪斯·克拉芬就站在身旁。
2.Asimov had both an extraordinary imagination that gave him the
ability to explore future worlds and an amazing mind with
(fine) work,so that he could choose the best.
【答案】finest
【解析】考查形容词最高级。结合空前出现的“all great artists”
及空后“he could choose the best”可知,这里表示“呈现出他们最好的
作品”,故用fine的最高级finest。
(interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形
人教版高中英语选修7unit2词汇学习以与重点语法
选修 7 Unit2RobotsI. 短翻（ 20％）1 考_________________2 不论，惹，⋯一个人待着__________________3 怜悯某人 _________________4向，回 _________________5打 _______________6将⋯放在一，⋯保存 / 省 _______________7某人做某事 _________________8被用来做某事 _________________9更切实地 _________________10陪同某人去某地 _________________11法做成了某事 _________________12伸手去⋯ _________________13在⋯方面有天 _________________14曾，一度 _________________15得士学位 _________________16真待 _________________17⋯印象深刻 _______________ _18用⋯做，以⋯_____________19提升社会地位20面部表情II 学（本元要点）1.desire vt. 盼望；要求； n.欲念，盼望desire to do 盼望做某事desire sb. to do sthdesire that sb. should do/desire that sb. do要求或求某人做某事1)I am filled with ___________ to go back home.2)He ____________ us to leave soon.3)They desire that you _________ (come) at once. 复：从句中需要用“（ should+ ）原形”的有：持 insist命令command建 advise, propose,suggest 要求 require, demand, desire 督促urge2.satisfaction n. 意satisfy v.使⋯意satisfied adj. 感觉意的satisfying/satisfactory adj. 令人意的；令人足的 sb be satisfied with sth.sth satisfy sb4) Nothing____________him:he’s alwayscomplaining.5)Both he and I _______________ the result.6)That is a _______________ book. 7)_________________ our customers is veryimportant.8)To our ______, he finished the work ahead of time.3.alarm n.警示，慌张，警，警器v.使⋯ 慌张，警示alarmed adj.（作表）担忧的，惧怕的 alarming adj.令人惧怕的；吓人的；乱人心的 alarm(clock)a fire alarm 火警a false alarm 虚惊一9)I gave the __________ as soon as I saw the smoke.10)I’m rather __________ to hear that you ’replanning to leave the company.11)The pollution in Beijing is _____________.4.sympathy n. 怜悯；怜悯心sympathize vi. 怜悯，同感sympathize with sb./sth. 怜悯，同某人/某事feel great sympathy for sb某人深怜悯in sympathy(with sb/sth)某事表示支持或同12)It ’s hard to __________ with her political opinions.13)I have some ____________with that point of view.14)I’m sure she will be in _____________ withyour proposal.5.favour n.喜；恩泽；帮助 vt. 喜，偏袒；促favourable adj. 成的；赞同的；嘉的favourite n. 特受喜的人或物；adj.最喜的win sb ’s favour 得某人的好感in favour of sb/sth成某人（某事物）in sb’s favour 某人有益do sb a favour 帮助15)I hope you will do me a __________.16)Are you _________________ this plan?17)May I ask a ____________ of you?18)We _____________ John ’s plan.19)He is his uncle ’s ______________.20)My _____________ sport is running.6.accompany v. 陪同，有company n. 企业，友伴，交be accompanied with/by（常用于被）与某事物同存在或生21)I must ask you to ____________ me to the policestation.22)Strong winds ________________by heavy rainappeared at night.23)His father asked him to avoid bad _____________.24)I work in a small ____________.7.declare v. 宣告，申明，申报declaration n. 宣告，宣言Declaration of Independence 独立宣言declare War 宣战declare one’s interest 申报利益25)The customs (海关 ) asked me if I had anything______________.26)They ____________ him (to be) the winner.27)The president ___________ that the war was over.8. state n. 州，国，情况adj. 国家的，正式的v.说，述，申明，规定statement n.申明，述the United States of America(USA) 美国state secrets 国家state one’s views 说明自己的看法28)She was in a terrible __________ when we arrived.29)My old grandfather was in a poor _______ of health.30)The police asked the man to make a ___________.31)He ______________ positively ( 一定 ) that he hadnever seen the man.9. talent n. 才能，人材，天资talented adj 有才能的；有才华的；天才的talentless adj. 无才能的；无才华的；平凡的have/get a talent for sth. 在 ....有天32)Have you got a ____________for painting?33)His brother is a painter of great ____________.34)His brother is a ____________ painter.10. obey v. 遵从，遵从disobey v.不遵从；违背obey orders遵从命令obey the law恪守纪律35)Anyone will be punished if he _________ the law.36)Soliders must ________ orders.词汇、词组练习1.按所给中文意思，填进适合的单词或短语，使句子完好1） Mary was reading a piece of science __________( 小说 )and completely lost in thebook.2） What the poor girl most_________( 盼望 )was a college education.3） I feel much________( 怜悯 )forthose homeless people on the street.4） The captain knew there was an engine fault but didn ’t want to ___________( 警告 )thepassengers.5） Of course it is not true. What an ____________________( 可笑 )idea.6） After she became blind, her hunsband ____________( 陪同 )her to and from hospital.7） I have always ___________( 妒忌 )your good luck.8） The car was repaired but not to the _____________( 满意 )of the owner.9） He likes to read________________( 列传 )of great men in his spare time.10） The boss was so young that he was ____________(年轻)to some of hisemployees.2.用所给词的适合形式填空。
(完整word版)人教版英语选修七Unit2Robots知识点及语法归纳
核心单词1.desire n. 渴望 vt。
想要常用结构： desire sth。
渴望得到某物desire to do sth。
希望/渴望做某事desire that sb. (should） do 要求……have a desire for sth./to do sth。
渴望得到某物/希望做某事at one's desire 照某人的希望We all desire happiness and health。
我们都希望幸福健康。
Everyone has a desire for success, but not everyone desires to get rich.每个人都渴望成功，但并非人人都渴望金钱。
He desires you to go to see him at once. =He desires that you should go to see him at once。
他要求你马上去见他。
翻译句子（原创）①他想接受大学教育。
②他们要我快点回来.③我请他立即回信。
④她要你立即见她。
⑤她应邀演奏了一曲。
解析：①He desired a college education。
②They desire me to return soon。
③I desire an immediate answer of his。
④She desires that you (should） see her at once。
⑤She played a piece at others’desire/by desire。
2.alarm n.警报 vt.使……惊恐We were much alarmed by the fire in the forest. 森林失火使我们大为惊慌.常用结构: give /raise the alarm 发警报ring the alarm 敲警钟sound the alarm 发警报; 吹警报号take (the) alarm at 对……感到吃惊；因……而惊恐be alarmed at .。
Unit 2 robots 重点单词、短语和句型必背 2020-2021学年人教版高中英语选修七讲义
选修7 Unit 2讲义----重点单词、短语和句型必背学好英语背单词很重要，但是若只会机械地背英语单词，而不会熟练地使用单词，则想学好英语是很难的。
若想熟练地使用英语，则多背每一个单元的重点单词、短语和句型的例句，则是一个行之有效的方法。
若能坚持每天多背诵单词、短语以及句型的例句，学以致用，日积月累，则会收到事半功倍的效果。
为此，笔者特意整理了本人讲课的每个单元的重要单词、短语和句型的经典例句，希望对广大英语学习者有很大的启发与帮助。
一、重点单词1.desire vt. 希望得到；想要n. 渴望；渴求(1)She had a strong desire to become a millionaire.她有成为百万富翁的强烈愿望。
(2)I always desire to live in a peaceful country.我非常渴望生活在一个和平安宁的国家。
2.satisfaction n. 满意；满足(1)To my satisfaction, I have passed my driving license test.让我满意的是，我通过了驾照考试。
(2)My mother gave me a hug and I could see satisfaction in her eyes.我妈妈给了我一个拥抱，我从她的眼睛里可以看出很满足。
3.alarm vt. 使警觉；使惊恐；惊动n. 警报；惊恐(1)The young man is riding his motorcycle at an alarming speed.这个年轻人以一种令人惊恐的速度骑摩托车。
(2)Small earthquakes are so common here that people don’t feel very alarmed at them.小地震如此频繁，以至于人们对地震不会感到惊恐了。
4.sympathy n. 同情；赞同；支持(1)Looking at the photos, I couldn’t help feeling sympathy for the dead in the accident.看到这些照片，我对事故中死去的人们不由自主地感到同情。
人教版高中英语选修7高考Unit 2 Robots要点梳理+重点突破 新
选修7 Unit 2 Robots要点梳理高效梳理·知识备考●重点单词1．desire n．渴望；欲望；渴求 vt.希望得到；想要→desirable adj.渴望的，有欲望的2．satisfaction n．满意；满足；令人满意的事物→satisfactory adj.令人满意的→satisfy vt.使感到满意3．alarm vt.使警觉；使惊恐；惊动n.警报；惊恐→alarmed adj.担心的；害怕的4．sympathy n．同情(心)→sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的→sympathize vi.同情；怜悯；赞同5．overweight adj.超重的；体重超常的6．elegant adj.优雅的；高雅的；讲究的7．favour n．喜爱；恩惠vt.喜爱；偏袒→favourable adj.赞成的；有利的→favoured adj.满意的；优惠的→favourite n．最喜爱的 adj.最喜欢的8．absurd adj.荒谬的；可笑的9．accompany vt.陪伴；伴奏10．affair n．事务；事情；暧昧关系11．declare vt.宣布；声明；表明；宣称→declaration n．宣言；公告；布告；告示12．state vt.陈述；宣布13．grand adj.大的；豪华的；雄伟的14．staff n．全体员工；手杖→stuff n．原料、材料15．junior adj.较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的n.年少者；晚辈；等级较低者→senior n. & adj.(反义词)16．talent n．天才；特殊能力；才干→telented adj.有才气的；有才能的17．divorce n．离婚；断绝关系 vt.与……离婚；与……脱离18．obey vt. & vi.服从；顺从●重点短语1．test out试验；考验2．ring up给……打电话3．turn around转向；回转4．leave...alone不管，别惹；让……一个人待着5．take...seriously认真对待……6．set aside将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)7．in all 一共；总计8．be bound to 一定做……9．search for寻找10．or rather 更确切地说11．a surprised look 吃惊的表情●重点句型1．As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.当她转过身时，格拉迪斯·克拉芬站在那里。
人教版高中英语选修七 Unit2 Robots-语法篇(教师版)
第4讲Robots 语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.掌握各个时态的被动语态的结构与用法；2.能够熟练运用被动语态解题造句。
一. 含义与构成1. 被动语态表示句中的主语接受谓语动作，也就是说，主语是谓语动作的承受者。
谓语动词用作被动语态的句子叫做被动句。
2. 构成：be + 过去分词(be有时可用become 或get代替)，be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。
3. 被动语态的各种时态形式有：一般时态：be + 过去分词English is spoken in many countries.Romeo and Juliet was written by Shakespeare.Many believe that one day the earth will be destroyed if people do not learn to live in peace.进行时态：be + being + 过去分词His plan is being carried out successfully.The new curtains were being hung when the visitors showed up.The car will be being cleaned by my brother.完成时态：have + been + 过去分词I’ve been robbed.The outcome of the election was announced before all of the votes had been counted.Everything will have been done by the end of this month.二. 用法1. 强调动作的承受者：Frank was hit by a car.A new idea has been suggested.2. 说话者不知道动作的执行者，或者认为没有必要指出：This bridge was built in 1700.The house is being repaired.3. 说话者希望所说的内容显得更加客观，避免就一些自己不太肯定的事表态：此类通常为表示\"据说\"或\"相信\" 的词组，基本上由believe，consider，declare，expect，feel ，report，say，see，suppose，think，understand等组成，如：It is said that…据说；It is reported that… 据报道；It is believed that…大家相信；It is hoped that…大家希望；It is well known that… 众所周知It is said that Japan’s industrial progress after the war was very remarkable.1.(2019北京)——Did you enjoy the party?——Yes，we___ by our hosts.A.were treatedB.would be treatedC.treatedD.had treated答案: A解析: 试题分析：句意：——你喜欢这个聚会吗？——是的，我们的主人很好的招待了我们。
人教版高中英语选修七Unit2Robots知识点总结.doc
选修七Unit2 Robots一、重点词汇总结ltest out试验；test sthon sb/sth在某人/某物身上做试验2His name as Tony and he seemed more like a human than a machinemorethan与其说 ... 不如说....3It as disturbing and frightening that he looked so human常用句型：It be+adj + thatIt be+n+thatIt be+done+that4accompany sbto someplaceThe robots are not alloed to accompany the oners to the supermarketaccompany sbin doingWill you please accompany me in travelling to Shanghai on business?5ring sbup给某人打电话；ring off挂电话6turn around 转身补充常用短语：turn up出现，调高；turndon让某人失望，调低；turn on打开; turn off 关掉；turn over把.......... 移交给，把.... 翻过，反复思考7The clock struck eight“strike”有“罢工、袭击、划火柴”等多种意思，在此处指“敲钟"Sleave sbalone = let sbalone(let alone 更不用说)；leave...alone 别惹；让 ...... 一个人待着She shouted "Leave me alone" and ran to her bed她高声嚷着：“别管我!"，然后跑上了床。
关联短语：leave behind留下，遗留leave aside(把某事)搁置一边leave for出发前往leave out省去，遗漏，不考虑9desire n渴望，渴求；vt希望得到，想要We all desire happiness我们都希望得到幸福。
高二英语Unit 2 Robots语法新人教版选修7
高二英语Unit 2 Robots语法新人教版选修7一、不定式的时态1. He hopes to see (see) you again.2.I’m sorry to have lost (lose) your key.3. It happened to be raining (rain) when I got there.4. He appears to have been waiting (wait ) a long time.不定式有时态的变化，时态共四种，即不定式的一般式、完成式、进行式和完成进行式.不定式的一般式表示动作在谓语动词同时或之后发生不定式的完成式表示_动作在谓语动词之前发生.不定式的进行式表示谓语动词发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行不定式的完成进行式表示谓语动词发生之前,不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续.二、不定式的语态1.It is an honor for me to be asked (ask) to speak here.2.He thought it an honor to have been invited (invite) to the party.3.The books are not allowed to be taken (take) out of the room.4. The book is said to have been translated (translate) into many languages.当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的执行者时.1. We want to learn English well.2. Robert is said ____ abroad, but I didn’t know what country he studied in.(NMET99)A.to have studiedB. to studyC. madeD. to make㈡.被动式( to be done / to have been done)当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时.1. He didn’t like to be laughed at.2. He claimed ____in the supper market when he was doing shopping yesterday.A.being badly treatedB. treating badlyC. to be treated badlyD. to have been badly treated.不定式在句中用主动式还是被动式，多数情况下是容易判别的，但有时的确比较复杂，请注意以下几点：1．在there be结构中。
(完整word版)人教版高中英语选修七unit2Robots-词汇篇
第 3 讲Robots 词汇篇知识梳理：一. 重点词汇1. desire n. 渴望vt. 想要[ 重点用法]desire sth. 渴望得到某物desire to do sth. 希望/渴望做某事desire that sb.(should) do 要求 ....have a desire for sth./to do sth. 渴望得到某物/希望做某事at one ’ dessire 照某人的希望[ 典例]1) We all desire happiness and health. 我们都希望幸福健康.2) Everyone has a desire for success, but no everyone desire to get rich. 每个人都渴望成功,但并非人人都渴望金钱.3) He desires you to go to see him at once. 他要求你马上去见他.=he desires that you should go to see him at once.2. alarm n.警报vt.使、、、惊恐[ 重点用法]give /raise the alarm 发警报ring the alarm 敲警钟sound the alarm 发警报; 吹警报号take (the) alarm at 对...感到吃惊; 因...而惊恐be alarmed at ... 被...吓一跳[ 典例]1) We were much alarmed by the fire in the forest. 森林失火使我们大为惊慌.2) As soon as he saw the smoke, he sounded the alarm. 看见火灾爆发,他鸣响了警报.3. Sympathy n.同情[ 重点用法]feel /have sympathy for 同情某人in sympathy with 同情; 赞成; 和... 一致out of sympathy with 对...不同情; 不赞成; 对 ... 没有同感, 和.. 不一致win sympathy of 博得... 的同情[ 典例]1) He gave the poor child some money out of sympathy. 出于同情,他给了这个穷孩子一点钱.2) He is in sympathy with their beliefs. 他与他们的信仰一致.4. accompany vt. 陪伴[ 重点用法]accompany sb. to a place 陪伴某人去某地accompany sth. with/by sth. 与...・同时存在[ 典例]1) He accompanied his old father to the hospital to see what ' s wrongW部蜘S 老Om§ch.去医院查看胃部出了什么问题.2) Thunders accompanied by heavy rain in this season are very common. 这个季节,雷鸣常常伴有大雨.5. declare vt. 宣布[ 重点用法]declare sth. 宣布....declare sb./sth. (to be) +n./adj. 宣布.... 为....declare thatdeclare war on/upon 对••宣战declare against/for 声明反对 /赞成[ 典例]1) She declared that she didn't want to see him again. 她宣称她再也不愿见到他.2) Soon they will declare him the owner of the house. 很快他们就会宣布他为房子的主人.3) The government passed a law that declared it illegal to catch and sell this kind of animals.政府通过法律宣布捕捉贩卖这种动物是非法的.6. envy vt. 嫉妒[ 重点用法]envy sb. sth. 妒忌/羡慕某人某物become the envy of sb. 成为令人嫉妒/羡慕的事物be in envy of one ' s sUcceisA的成功out of envy 出于嫉妒/羡慕[ 典例]1) All her workmates envied her (for) her promotion. 所有的同事都羡慕她的晋升.2) His talent for music becomes the envy of the other competitors. 他在音乐方面的天分让其他人对手感到羡慕.二. 重点词组1. test out 考验；试验[ 典例]1) This model had been tested out before it was put into production. 这个型号经过试验后才进行大批量生产.2) Before the lecture, the professor is used to testing out the whole experiment. 上课前,这个教授习惯先将整个实验试验一番.test on sb./sth.在 ... (身上)做实验/试验have/take a test in 参力口.. 测试2. ring up打给.....[ 短语归纳]ring back 回ring off 挂断; 停止讲话ring a bell 唤醒经常是模糊的记忆[ 典例]1）I have to ring off now because my friend is waiting for me. 我朋友在等我,我得挂了.2）On arriving at the airport, he rang up his mother to say everything was ok. 一到达机场,他就打给他母亲报平安.3. turn around 转向[ 典例]1）He heard a voice but when he turned around, he saw nobody. 他听到声音,但转身却没发现有人.2）As he walked towards the hotel, he suddenly turned around and found an old lady following him. 当他朝旅馆走去时,忽然转身发现一个老妇人跟着他.[ 短语归纳]turn away 把〔脸〕转过去turn against 背叛,对抗turn on/off 翻开/关掉turn up 出现/调大〔音量〕turn down 拒绝,调小〔音量〕turn out 结果是;证实是4. leave …alone 打搅[ 短语归纳]leave behind 留下,遗留leave aside〔把某事〕搁置一边leave for 出发前往leave out 省去,遗漏,不考虑[ 典例]1）Leave him alone and he will produce. 别打搅他,他会写出来的.2）He was asked to leave for another city in 24 hours. 他被要求24 小时内离开到另一个城市去.3）The teacher required us to leave out some unnecessary words in our essays. 老师让我们将论文中不必4）You shouldn ' t have left Andy alone in the mountains; it was very dangeroUs不该?各Andy 留在山上, 由于那非常危险.5. set aside将 ... 放在一边；节省或保存〔时间,金钱〕[ 短语归纳]set down 写下,记下set off 开始动身(for a place)set up 创立,建立,搭起set out 出发,着手做某事( to do sth.)set about doing着手做,开始做 .....[ 典例]1) Would you please set aside some time to listen to my real idea? 你可以腾出点时间听听我的想法吗?2) The department set aside the things they were doing and concentrated on a more urgent task. 这个部门的成员放下手头的事情,全力以赴一项更紧急的任务.6. be bound to 一定做....[ 典例]1) We missed the bus. We're bound to be late. 我们错过了那趟车,我们肯定要迟到了.2) She's bound to be mayor. 她注定会成为市长.三. 重点句子1. Claire didn ’ t want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn ’ t harm her or allow her to be harmed.克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里,特别是在她丈夫离加三周的这个期间.但是,克莱尔被拉里说服了.他说,机器人不会伤害她,也不会让别人来伤害她.[ 解释] to be harmed: 动词不定式的被动语态.[ 典例]1) All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to be received in time for Christmas. 所有的这些礼物必须及时邮寄,以便在圣诞节及时收到.2) It remains to be seen whether Jim ' ll be fit enough to play in ihefMS是否适合演出仍将拭目以待.2. As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern. 当他转过身时, (她发现) Gladys 站在那儿.[ 解释] there stood Gladys Claffern 倒装句.在谓语为动词go, come, run, stand, live 等表示位置转移的动词及be 动词的句子中,为了强调句子中一些副词there, here, up, down, in, out, away 等,可将副词置于句首,假设这时主语是名词,句子用全倒装；假设是代词,那么不用倒装.[ 典例]1) There comes the teacher and her students. 老师和她的学生们来了.2) Out rushed the boys. 男孩们冲了出去.3. Asimov began having stories published in science fiction magazines in 1939. 1939 年,阿西莫夫开始在科幻杂志上发表文章.[ 解释]have sth. done 表示“请某人做某事〞,或“遭遇到某事〞( 宾语与宾补为被动关系)have sb. do让某人做....have sb./sth. doing 让... 不停地做 .....［典例］1）We had our photo taken by a passer-by.我们请了个过路人给我们照相.2）Be careful. It ' s easy to have your pocket picked in a crowd likeJthis点,在这样的人群中容易被偷.3）The coach has us doing the same thing all day. It 教练让我彳由！borin第样的事情,真乏味4）As you have never been there before, I ' ll have someone show^you卿e 前ay去过, 那我找人带你去.典型例题：1. 〔2021 湖南高考〕Childre n, when by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.A. To be accompaniedB. to accompanyC. accompanyingD. Accompanied答案：D解析：此句考查非谓语动词的用法, 由于children和accompany之间是被动关系,所以应该用过去分词.2. 〔2021 河北衡水中学高二下〕A smile of appeared on her face when she was told that her child behaved well at school.A. satisfactionB. inspirationC. regulationD. tension答案：A 解析：此题考查名词辨析,A为“满意〞,B为“灵感〞,C为“规那么〞,D为“紧张〞,根据句意,答案应为Ao 3. 〔2021 陕师大附中高二下〕---What about inviting Mary to our party?---You' d better not. She prepared to be, so far as I know.A. tested outB. rung upC. left aloneD. turned out答案：B解析：此题考查词组辨析,A为“考验出〞,B为“打〞,C为“不管〞,D为“结果是",根据句意答案应为Bo4. 〔2021 东北师大附中高二下〕To improve her spoken English, she would half an hour practising reading aloud every day.A. leave outB. take upC. set asideD. focus on答案：C解析：此题考查词组辨析,A为“泄漏〞,B为“从事〞,C为“留出〞,D为“集中精力在......〞,根据句意答案应为Co5. 〔2021 甘肃兰4W—中〕You have worked so hard ---you ' re _____ to pass the exam.A. boundB. addictedC. accustomedD. devoted答案：A解析：此题考查词组辨析,A为“一定〞,B为“沉迷〞,C为“适应于〞,D为“投身于〞,根据句意答案应为A.练习：一 .根据句子结构,用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) We had a meal together last Sunday. All the guests are very. (satisfaction)2) I was sleeping soundly in the early morning when a telephone me awake. I was even tohear the news that another bombing had hit London. (alarm)3) What the women most was that when they were talking about the new about the girl,she became so that she ran away as soon as she heard this. (embarrass)4) The newly -elected president his support for the terrorists. He must be responsible for his. (declare)5) He to his friends why he was late but none of them thought his believable. (explain)keys: 1. satisfying; satisfied 2. alarmed; alarmed; alarming 3. embarrassed; embarrassing; embarrassed 4. declared; declaration 5. explained; explanation稳固提升二 .根据课文内容完成下面语法填空,注意单词拼写和词语用法：A robot used for housework was tested 1 in a family. He looked like a tall and handsome man with smooth black hair,2 (speak) in a deep voice. Larry was going to be away from home so he hired such a robot to3 (陪伴)his wife Claire. Claire didn ' t like the idea at the beginning,4)ut stoet atlast. At the first sight of Tony, Claire felt embarrassed. 5 (渐渐地) ,Tony began to win Claire ' s trust. He helped Claire realize her dreams 6 making her home elegant, giving her a new haircut, changing the makeup she wore and giving her advice on her dresses. Therefore at the party all she guests 7 were invited were filled with admiration 8 they saw her house was completely changed. 9 the test, the company was satisfied with Tony' seport because he had successfully made a woman regain her confidence 10 fall in love with him.Key: 1. out 2. speaking 3. accompany 4. agreed 5. Gradually 6. by 7. who 8. when 9. After 10. and检测题：一 .用方框里的词填空.test out is bound to rang up set aside turn around in all leave...alone out of envy1. ________ those cakes ________ . They're for the guests.2. The Ferrari team wanted to their new car on the racetrack.3. We Henry but got no reply.4. and let me look at your back.5. We have 13 subjects to learn6. I warned them not to do it , but my objection was.7. He come for he always keeps his word.8. They only say such unkind thing about you .Key: 1. Leave; alone 2. test; out 3. rang up 4. Turn around 5. in all 6. set aside 7. is bound to8.out of envy二 .单词拼写1. She asked me to a her to the supermarket.2. She has got a well-paid job. I really e her.3. We are all in f of his view that we should communication more with our children.4. Much to our s , we will have a three -day holiday to Shanghai.5. She never expressed any s when I was injured.6. No one is permitted to leave the room until the chairman d the end of the conference.7. You are b to fail if you keep on working like this.Key: 1. accompany 2. envy 3. favor 4. satisfaction 5. sympathy 6. declare 7. bound三 .阅读理解阅读以下短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最正确选项,并在做题卡上将该项涂黑.词数:335 完成时间：7分钟难度：****A bad Working Memory 〔大月百的工作记忆〕 -the brain's temporary storage box -- may explain, new research suggests, why one child cannot read his or her history book and another gets lost in math. As many as 10 percent of school -age children may suffer from poor working memory. British researchers said in a report last week, yet the problem is rarely identified."You can think of working memory as a pure measure of your child's potential. Many psychologists consider working memory to be the new IQ 〔智商〕,because we find that working memory is one of the most important predictors 〔预示物〕of learning ability,' said Dr. Tracey Alloway of Britain 'Durham University.Many children with poor working memory are considered lazy or dull. Working memory allows people to hold in their minds and deal with a few items, such as telephone numbers, over a short period of time. Alloway compares working memory to a box. For adults, the basic box size is thought to be three to five items. It's important, therefore, to put in the right things. Irrelevant 〔不相关的〕information will clutter working memory.The question many researchers are struggling with is how to help children with this problem, which appears to be closely, related to a lack of attention."In children with learning difficulties, it becomes a huge issue, especially around middle school, when the demands on working memory really grow," said Dr. Mel Levine, co -founder of All Kinds of Minds, a nonprofit organization in NorthCarolina that studies learning difficulties.Memory training may help improve working memory. Alloway has a tool that allows teachers to assess 〔评定〕the working -memory capacity of children as young as 4; it has been used in 35 schools acrossBritain.Levine ’ s organization trains teachers through a program called Schools Attuned, which is working with several thousand schools across the United States, Canada and Europe. While he is not sure working memory can be expanded, Levine said children can be taught ways to do better in school.1. Which of the following is a characteristic of working memory?A. It has a limited capacity.B. It is usually better in children than adults.C. It improves with use.D. It can cause a lack of attention.2. According to the new research, _________ .A. the importance of working memory has been long recognizedB. working memory is becoming recognized as a factor in intelligenceC. laziness can weaken working memoryD. working memory helps people remember things forever3. What does the underlined word "clutter" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Change.B. Improve.C. Strengthen.D. Confuse.4. Which of the following may help improve a child' s working memory?A. Expanding the brain' s storage box.B. Training the memory.C. Remembering more things.D. Being reminded frequently.5. According to the passage, Dr. Mel Levine has __________ .A. invented tools to help improve a child's working memoryB. founded an organization to train teachers to help students with this problemC. identified the problem clearlyD. compared working memory to a boxKey: ABDBB。
人教版高中英语选修七 Unit2 Robots-语法篇(教师版)
人教版高中英语选修七 Unit2 Robots-语法篇（教师版）第4讲Robots 语法篇____________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________1.掌握各个时态的被动语态的结构与用法；2.能够熟练运用被动语态解题造句。
一. 含义与构成1. 被动语态表示句中的主语接受谓语动作，也就是说，主语是谓语动作的承受者。
谓语动词用作被动语态的句子叫做被动句。
2. 构成：be + 过去分词(be有时可用become 或get 代替), be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。
3. 被动语态的各种时态形式有：一般时态：be + 过去分词现在过去将来过去将来is/ am/ are done was/weredonewill/shall bedonewould/should bedoneEnglish is spoken in many countries.Romeo and Juliet was written by Shakespeare.month.二. 用法1. 强调动作的承受者：Frank was hit by a car.A new idea has been suggested.2. 说话者不知道动作的执行者，或者认为没有必要指出：This bridge was built in 1700.The house is being repaired.3. 说话者希望所说的内容显得更加客观，避免就一些自己不太肯定的事表态：此类通常为表示\"据说\"或\"相信\" 的词组，基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等组成，如：It is said that…据说；It is reported that… 据报道；It is believed that…大家相信；It is hoped that…大家希望；It is well known that… 众所周知It is said that Japan’s industrial progress after the war was very remarkable.1. (2019北京)——Did you enjoy the party?——Yes,we___ by our hosts.A.were treatedB.would be treatedC.treatedD.had treated答案: A解析: 试题分析：句意：——你喜欢这个聚会吗？——是的，我们的主人很好的招待了我们。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
ring the alarm敲警钟
sound the alarm发警报;吹警报号
take (the) alarm at对……感到吃惊;因……而惊恐
be alarmed at ...被……吓一跳
As soon as he saw the smoke, he sounded the alarm.一看见烟雾，他就鸣响了警报。
④She desires that you (should) see her at once.
⑤She played a piece at others’desire/by desire.
2.alarm n.警报vt.使……惊恐
We were much alarmed by the fire in the forest.森林失火使我们大为惊慌。
他要求你马上去见他。
翻译句子（原创）
①他想接受大学教育。
②他们要我快点回来。③我请Biblioteka 立即回信。④她要你立即见她。
⑤她应邀演奏了一曲。
解析：①He desired a college education.
②They desire me to return soon.
③I desire an immediate answer of his.
核心单词
1.desire n.渴望vt.想要
常用结构：desire sth.渴望得到某物
desire to do sth.希望/渴望做某事
desire that sb. (should) do要求……
have a desire for sth./to do sth.渴望得到某物/希望做某事
at one’s desire照某人的希望
翻译句子
1看到孩子们在返校时遭遇车祸的消息，家长们很害怕。
2看到大火，社区的居民发出警报。
答案：①The parents took (the) alarm at the news that their children caught a traffic accident when returning the school.
4.envyn.&vt.妒忌；羡慕
常用结构：envy sb. doing/for sth.忌妒或羡慕某人做某事
with envy羡慕地；忌妒地
be the envy of是令人羡慕/忌妒的事物
out of envy出于妒忌
I envy you having such a good friend!我羡慕你有这么一位好朋友！
这个季节，雷鸣常常伴有大雨。
翻译句子
1总统出现了,被六个健壮的保镖护随着。
2回到家乡，他的老同学们陪着他参观了这个城市。
答案：①The president appeared and was accompanied by six strong bodyguards.
②When returning hometown, he was shown around the city accompanied by his old classmates.
They looked at her new car with envy.他们羡慕地看着她的新车。
He was filled with envy of me at my success.他十分羡慕我的成功。
They only say such unkind things about you out of envy.他们纯粹出于忌妒才说你这些坏话。
重点短语
5. reach for伸手碰到/去拿/够到……
He reached for his gun when he heard the enemy’s sound.
当他听到敌人的声音时就伸手去拿自己的枪。
He reached into his pocket for his keys.
他把手伸到口袋里找钥匙。
He accompanied his old father to the hospital to see what’s wrong with his stomach.他陪他的老父亲去医院查看胃部出了什么问题。
Thunders accompanied by heavy rain in this season are very common.
解析：选A。考查固定搭配。out of one’s reach意为“在某人伸手够不到的距离”；符合句意“孩子够不着”。
联想拓展
reach to达到；触到
within/out of/beyond one’s reach在某人伸手可及/够不到的距离
单项填空
I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the children’s_______.（2010·01·江苏徐州检测）
A. reach B.hand C.hold D.place
联想拓展
envious adj.羡慕的；妒忌的
be envious of妒忌……；羡慕……
翻译句子①她出于忌妒说了关于你的这些话。
②汤姆妒忌他哥哥事业上的成功。
答案：①She said these words about you out of envy.
②Tom was envious of his brother’s success in business.
We all desire happiness and health.我们都希望幸福健康。
Everyone has a desire for success, but not everyone desires to get rich.
每个人都渴望成功，但并非人人都渴望金钱。
He desires you to go to see him at once. =He desires that you should go to see him at once.
②The residents in the community raised the alarm when seeing the great fire.
3.accompanyvt.陪伴
常用结构：accompany sb. to a place陪伴某人去某地
accompany sth. with/by sth.与……同时存在