限制性定语从句(知识梳理)

限制性定语从句

真题再现

1. Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon______ school education depends.

A. it

B. that

C. whose

D. which

2. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time _______ he should be able to be independent.

A. which

B. where

C. whom

D. when

3. Creating an atmosphere _______ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.

A. as

B. whose

C. in which

D. at which

4. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees enjoy their work.

A. where

B. which

C. when

D. who

5. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _____ allows them to communicate freely with each other.

A. which

B. where

C. what

D. who

6. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures，each of ______ uses it somewhat differently.

A. which

B. what

C. them

D. those

7. Children who are not active or _____ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.

A. what

B. whose

C. which

D. that

1.D。本题考查的定语从句的用法，upon which的用法，句意为：一些专家认为，阅读是一些学校教育依赖的重要的技能。

2. D。考查定语从句，先行词the time,定语从句缺少时间状语，用关系副词when。

3. C。句意：创造一种雇员感觉是其中一员的氛围是一个大的挑战。这是一个定语从句，in the atmosphere“在氛围中”是一个固定搭配，因此选用in which。此外也可以是where。

4. A。句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。句中先行词为atmosphere，抽象的地点名词，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故选A。

5. A。句意：她具有给学生营造一种允许他们自由交流的氛围的天赋。分析句子结构可知，定语从句“_____ allows them to communicate freely with each other”修饰先行词atmosphere，将先行词代入从句后为：The atmosphere allows them to communicate freely with each other，由此可知先行词在定语从句中作主语，而且指代物，所以需用关系代词which，故正确答案为A项。

6. A。句意：英语是一种被几种不同文化共有的语言，每种文化使用英语多少有些不同。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为cultures，将先行词代入定语从句后为：Each of the cultures uses it somewhat differently，由此可见先行词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，且of 被提前，故答案为A项。what不能引导定语从句，故被排除；如选C项，需在each of前加

并列连词。

7. B。句意：那些不是很活跃，或者饮食中热量太高的孩子会很快长胖。先行词为children。or连接两个并列的定语从句，第一个定语从句的关系词为who，第二个关系词为考查点，先行词children在第二个定语从句中与从句中的主语diet形成所属关系：child ren’s diet，故选择B项。

知识讲解

定义及分类

定语由一个句子来充当，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句。

The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.其中划线部分为定语从句。

定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，此外还有间隔性定语从句。

This is the school (that/which) we visited last year. （限制性定语从句）

The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect. （非限制性定语从句）

The days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.（间隔性定语从句）

定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别：（限制性）定语从句无逗号隔开、不可缺少、起修饰限制作用，而非限制性定语从句有逗号隔开、可有可无、起补充说明作用。

构成：定语从句由先行词、关系词和从句构成。先行词是定语从句所修饰限制的名词或代词。关系词是用来引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词。

The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.

此句中先行词为：narrow streets and small houses,关系词为：that，定语从句为：that are built close to each other

关系代词的选择

限制性定语从句的关系代词有that（人、物），which（物），who(m)（人），whose（人、物），as。

注：关系副词一般都可变为“介词+关系代词”结构（即：关系副词=介词+关系代词）。

This is the mountain village where (=in which) I stayed last month.

关系词的选择：在主句完整的情况下，当定语从句主语、宾语或表语成分不完整时，用关系代词引导；当定语从句主语、宾语或表语成分完整时，用关系副词引导。

This is the school that we visited.

(从句宾语缺失，visit为及物动词，需要补充宾语，选用关系代词)

This is the school where we study.

(从句部分没有宾语，但是由于study在此是不及物动词，不接宾语)

指人或物时，关系词只用that的情况。

当先行词为不定代词（all、much, little, few, some, any, none, one, something, anything,