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2009年7月英美文学选读真题以及答案

2009年7月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英美文学选读试题课程代码：00604请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上（全部题目用英文作答）PART ONE (40 POINTS)I．Multiple Choice(40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.1. The first mass movement of the English working class and the early sign of the awakening of the poor, oppressed people is_____.A. The Enclosure MovementB. The Protestant ReformationC. The Enlightenment MovementD. The Chartist Movement2. Daniel Defoe’s works are all the following EXCEPT_____.A. Moll FlandersB. A Tale of a TubC. A Journal of the Plague YearD. Colonel Jack3. “Metaphysical Poetry” refers to the works of the 17th - century writers who wroteunder the influence of _____.A. John DonneB. Alexander PopeC. Christopher MarloweD. John Milton4. The most important play among Shakespeare’s comedies is _____.A. A Midsummer Night’s DreamB. The Merchant of VeniceC. As You Like ItD. Twelfth Night5. The most perfect example of the verse drama after Greek style in English is Milton’s _____.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Areopagitica6. Which of the following descriptions of Enlightenment Movement is NOT true?A. It was a progressive intellectual movement that flourished in France.B. It was a furtherance of the Renaissance of the 15th and 16th centuries.C. The purpose was to enlighten the whole world with moderu philosophical and artisticideas.D. The Enlighteners advocate individual education.7. Neoclassicists had some fixed laws and rules for prose EXCEPT_____.A. being preciseB. being directC. being flexibleD. being satiric8. A good style of prose“proper works in proper places”was defined by_____.A. John MiltonB. Henry FieldingC. Jonathan SwiftD.T.S. Eliot9. The major theme of Jane Austen’s novels is_____.A. love and moneyB. money and social statusC. social status and marriageD. love and marriage10. Wordsworth’s_____ is perhaps the most anthologized poem in English literature.A. “To a Skylark”B. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”C. “An Evening Walk”D. “My Heart Leaps Up”11. William Blake’s work ______ marks his entry into maturity.A. Songs of ExperienceB. Marriage of Heaven and HellC. Songs of InnocenceD. The Book of Los12. Best of all the Romantic well- known lyric pieces is Shelley’s_____.A. “The Cloud”B. “To a Skylark”C. “Ode to a Nightingale”D. “Ode to the West Wind”13. In the Victorian Period _____ became the most widely read and the most vital and challenging expression of progressive thought.A. poetryB. novelC. proseD. drama14. In Charles Dickens’early novels, he attacks one or more specific social evils, _____is a good example of describing the dehumanizing workhouse system and the dark, criminal underworld life.A. David CopperfieldB. Oliver TwistC. Great ExpectationsD. Dombey and Son15. Thomas Hardy’s most cheerful and idyllic work is_____.A. The Return of the NativeB. Far from the Maddin CrowdC. Under the Greenwood TreeD. The Woodlanders16. The rise of _____ and new science greatly incited modernist writers to make new explorations on human natures and human relationships.A. the existentialistic ideaB. the irrational philosophyC. scientific socialismD. social Darwinism17. In Modern English literature, the literary interest of _____lay in the tracing of thepsychological development of his characters and in his energetic criticism of the dehu-manizing effect of the capitalist industrialization on human nature.A. George Bernard ShawB.T.S. EliotC. Oscar WildeD.D.H. Lawrence18. George Bernard Shaw’s _____ is a better play of the later period, with the author’s almost nihilistic bitterness on the subjects of the cruelty and madness of WWI and the aimlessness and disillusion of the young.A. Too True to Be GoodB. Mrs. Warren’s ProfessionC. Widowers’HousesD. Fanny’s First Play19. Renaissance first started in Italy, with the flowering of the following fields EXCEPT_____.A. architectureB. paintingC. sculptureD. literature20. English Romanticism,as a historical phase of literature,is generally said to have begun with the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge’s_____.A. Poetical SketchesB. A Defence of PoetryC. Lyrical BalladsD. The Prelude21. Charlotte Bront e ’s work _____ is famous for the depiction of the life of the middle - class working women, particularly governesses.A. Jane EyreB. Wuthering HeightsC. The ProffessorD. Shirley22. The Waste Land by T. S. Eliot is a poem concerned with the _____ breakup of a modern civilization in which human life has lost its meaning, significance and purpose.A. spiritualB. religiousC. politicalD. physical23. Perhaps Emily Dickinson’s greatest interpretation of the moment of _____ is to be found in “I heard a Fly buzz--when I died—”, a poem universally regarded as one of her masterpieces. A. fantasy B. birthC. crisisD. death24. The fiction of the American _____ period ranges from the comic fables of Washing-ton Irving to the social realism of Rebecca Harding Davis.A. RomanticB. RevolutionaryC. ColonialD. Modernistic25. The modern _____ technique was frequently and skillfully exploited by Faulkner to emphasizethe reactions and inner musings of the narrator.A. stream - of - consciousnessB. flashbackC. mosaicD. narrative and argumentative26. By means of “_____,”Whitman believed, he has turned the poem into an openfield, an area of vital possibility where the reader can allow his own imagination to play.A. balanced structureB. free verseC. fixed verseD. regular rhythm27. In 1954, _____ was awarded the Nobel Prize for “his powerful style -forming mas tery of the art”of creating modern fiction.A. Ernest HemingwayB. Sherwood AndersonC. Stephen CraneD. Henry James28. The period ranging from 1865 to 1914 has been referred to as the Age of _____ in the literary history of the United States, which is actually a movement or tendency that dominated the spirit of American literature.A. RationalismB. RomanticismC. RealismD. Modernism29. When he was eighty - seven he read his poetry at the inauguration of President John F. Kennedy in 1961. This poet was_____.A. Ezra PoundB. Robert FrostC. E. E. CummingsD. Wallace Stevens30. The renowned American critic H. L. Mencken regarded _____ as “the true father of our national literature.”A. Bret HarteB. Walt WhitmanC. Washington IrvingD. Mark Twain31. We can easily find in Theodore Dreiser’s fiction a world of jungle, where “kill or to be killed”was the law. Dreiser’s _____ found expression in almost every book he wrote.A. naturalismB. romanticismC. cubismD. classicalism32. A preoccupation with the Calvinistic view of _____ and the mystery of evil marked the works of Hawthorne, Melville and a host of lesser writers.A. love and mercyB. bitterness and hatredC. original sinD. eternal life33. “H e possessed none of the usual aids to a writer’ s career: no money, no friend in power, noformal education worthy of mention, no family tradition in letters. ”This is a description most suitable to the American writer_____.A. Henry JamesB. Theodore DreiserC. W.D. Howells D. Nathaniel Hawthorne34. People generally considered _____ to be Henry James’ masterpiece, which incar nates t he clash between the Old World and the New in the life journey of an American girl in a European cultural environment.A. The EuropeansB. Daisy MillerC. The Portrait of A LadyD. The Private Life35. The Jazz Age of the 1920s characterized by frivolity and carelessness is brought vividly to life in_______.A. The Great GatsbyB. The Sun Also RisesC. The Grapes of WrathD. Tales of the Jazz Age36. Guided by the principle of adhering to the truthful treatment of life, the American _______ introduced industrial workers and farmers, ambitious businessmen and vagrants, prostitutes and unheroic soldiers as major characters in fiction.A. romanticistsB. modernistsC. psychologistsD. realists37. The American literary spokesman of the Jazz Age is often acclaimed to be_______.A. Henry JamesB. Robert FrostC. William FaulknerD.F. Scott Fitzgerald38. By writing Moby - Dick, _______ reached the most flourishing stage of his literary creativity.A. Herman MelvilleB. Edgar Ellen PoeC. William FaulknerD. Theodore Dreiser39. Faulkner once said that _____ is a story of “lost innocence,”which proves itself to be an intensification of the theme of imprisonment in the past.A. Light in AugustB. The Sound and the Fur yC. Absalom, Absalom!D. The Hamlet40. Hawthorne was not a Puritan himself, but his view of man and human history origina ted, to a great extent, in_______.A. CalvinismB. PuritanismC. RealismD. NaturalismPART TWO (60 POINTS)Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension (16 points in all, 4 for each)Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.41. Behold her, single in the field,Yon solitary Highland lass!Reaping and singing by herself;Stop here, or gently pass!Alone she cuts and binds the grain,And sings a melancholy strain;O listen! For the Vale profoundIs overflowing with the sound.Questions:A. Identify the poet.B. What’ s the rhyme scheme for the stanza?C. What’s the theme of the poem?42. The following quotation is from Mrs. Warren’s Profession:VIVIE: [ intensely interested by this time] No; but why did you choose that business?Saving money and good management will succeed in any business.MRS. W ARREN: Yes, saving money. But where can a woman get the money to save in any other business? Could you save out of four shillings a week and keep yourself dressedas well? Not you. Of course, if you’ re a pl ain woman and cant earn anything more ;or if you have a turn for music, or the stage, or newspaper - writing ; that’s different...Questions :A. Identify the playwright of the above quotation.B. What business do you think Mrs. Warren is involved in?C. What's the theme of the play?43. My little horse must think it queerTo stop without a farmhouse nearBetween the woods and frozen lakeThe darkest evening of the year.Questions:A. Identify the poet and the title of the poem from which this stanza is taken.B. What figure of speech is used in this stanza?C. Briefly interpret the meaning of this stanza.44. “Where are we going, Dad?”Nick asked.“Over to the Indian camp. There is an Indian lady very sick. ”“Oh,”said Nick.Across the bay they found the other boat beached. Uncle George was smoking a cigar in the dark. The young Indian pulled the boat way up on the beach. Uncle George gave both the Indians cigars.Questions :A. Identify the author and the title of the work from which the passage is taken.B. What does Dad imply when he says “There is an Indian lady very sick”?C. Why is Dad going to the Indian camp?Ⅲ. Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)Give a brief answer to each of the following 9uestions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.45. What’ s the literary style of Shelley as a Romantic poet?46. What are the main features of Bernard Shaw’s plays with regard to the theme, charac-terizationand plot?47. Henry Jame s’ literary criticism is an indispensable part of his contribution to literature. What’shis outlook in literary criticiam?48. Local colorism is a unique variation of American literary realism. Who is the most famouslocal colorist? What are local colorists most concerned?IV. Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.49. Define modernism in English literature. Name two major modernistic British writers and listone major work by each.50. Briefly discuss the term “The Lost Generation”and name the leading figures of this literarymovement (Give at least three).。

2009年北京外国语大学英语专业(英美文学)真题试卷.doc

2009年北京外国语大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷(总分：36.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、匹配题(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Authors A. T. S. EliotB. William WordsworthC. Charles DickensD. Jonathan SwiftE. John MiltonF. Francis BaconG. Percy Bysshe ShelleyH. Robert FrostI. Mark TwainJ. William ShakespeareK. Emily DickinsonL. Ralph W. EmersonM. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow（分数：20.00）(1).Fourthly, the constant breeders, besides the gain of eight shillings sterling per annum by the sale of their children, will be rid of the charge of maintaining them after the first year.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (2).How soon hath Time, the subtle thief of youth, Stol"n on his wing my three and twentieth year! My hasting days fly on with full career,But my late spring no bud or blossom shew"th.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (3).It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (4).April is the cruelest month, breeding Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing Memory and desire, stirring Dull roots with spring rain.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (5).They cussed Jim considerable, though, and give him a cuff or two, side the head, once in a while, but Jim never said nothing, and he never let on to know me, and they took him to the same cabin, and put his own clothes on him, and chained him again, and not to no bed-leg, this time, but to a big staple drove into the bottom log, and chained his hands, too, and both legs, and said he wasn"t to have nothing but bread and water to eat, after this , till his owner come or he was sold at auction.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (6).Success is counted sweetest By those who ne"er succeed. To comprehend a nectar Requires sorest need.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (7).Whoso would be a man must be a nonconformist. He who would gather immortal palms must not be hindered by the name of goodness, but must explore if it be goodness. Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of our own mind. Absolve you to yourself, and you shall have the suffrage of the world.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (8).The Soul selects her own Society— Then—shuts the Door— To her divine Majority— Presents no more—（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (9)."It is a part of Miss Havisham"s plans for me, Pip," said Estella, with a sigh, as if she were tired; "I am to write to her constantly and see her regularly, and report how I go on—I and the jewels—for they are nearly all mine now."（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (10).Lives of great men all remind us We can make our lives sublime, And, departing, leave behind us Footsteps on the sands of time.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 二、分析题(总题数：2，分数：16.00)Once Upon a TimeNadine GordimerSomeone has written to ask me to contribute to an anthology of stories for children. I reply that I don"t write children"s stories; and he writes back that at a recent congress/book fair/seminar a certain novelist said every writer ought to write at least one story for children. I think of sending a postcard saying I don"t accept that I "ought" to write anything.And then last night I woke up—or rather was awakened without knowing what had roused me.A voice in the echo-chamber of the subconscious?A sound.A creaking of the kind made by the weight carried be one foot after another along a wooden floor. I listened. I felt the apertures of my ears distend with concentration. Again: the creaking. I was waiting for it; waiting to hear if it indicated that feet were moving from room to room, coming up the passage—to my door. I have no burglar bars, no gun under the pillow, but I have the same fears as people who do take these precautions, and my windowpanes are thin as rime, could shatter like a wineglass.A woman was murdered (how do they put it) in broad daylight in a house two blocks away, last year, and the fierce dogs who guarded an old widower and his collection of antique clocks were strangled before he was knifed by a casual laborer he had dismissed without pay.I was staring at the door, making it out in my mind rather than seeing it, in the dark. I lay quite still—a victim already —the arrhythmia of heart was fleeing, knocking this way and that against its body-cage. How finely tuned the senses are, just out of rest, sleep! I could never listen intently as that in the distractions of the day, I was reading every faintest sound, identifying and classifying its possible threat.But I learned that I was to be neither threatened nor spared. There was no human weight pressing on the boards, the creaking was a buckling, an epicenter of stress. I was in it. The house that surrounds me while I sleep is built on undermined ground; far beneath my bed, the floor, the house"s foundations, the stopes and passages of gold mines have hollowed the rock, and when some face trembles, detaches and falls, three thousand feet below, the whole house shifts slightly, bringing uneasy strain to the balance and counterbalance of brick, cement, wood and glass the hold it as a structure around me. The misbeats of my heart tailed off like the last muffled flourishes on one of the wooden xylophones made by the Chopi and Tsonga migrant miners who might have been down there, under me in the earth at that moment. The stope where the fall was could have been disused, dripping water from its ruptured veins; or men might now be interred there in the most profound of tombs.I couldn"t find a position in which my mind would let go of my body—release me to sleep again. So I began to tell myself a story, a bedtime story.In a house, in a suburb, in a city, there were a man and his wife who loved each other very much and were living happily ever after. They had a little boy, they loved him very much. They had a cat and a dog that the little boy loved very much. They had a car and a caravan trailer for holidays, and a swimming-pool which was fenced so that the little boy and his playmates would not fall in and drown. They had a housemaid who was absolutely trustworthy and an itinerant gardener who was highly recommended by the neighbors. For when they began to live happily ever after they were warned, by that wise old witch, the husband" s mother, not to take on anyone off the street. They were inscribed in a medical benefit society, their pet dog was licensed, they were insured against fire, flood damage and theft, and subscribed to the local Neighborhood Watch, which supplied them with a plaque for their gates lettered YOU HAVE BEEN WARNED over the silhouette of a would-be intruder. He was masked; it could not be said if he was black or white, and therefore proved the property owner was no racist.It was not possible to insure the house, the swimming pool or the car against riot damage. There were riots, but these were outside the city, where people of another color were quartered. These people were not allowed into the suburb except as reliable housemaids and gardeners, so there was nothing to fear, the husband told the wife. Yet she was afraid that some day such people might come up the street and tear off the plaque YOU HAVE BEEN WARNED and open the gates and stream in...Nonsense, my dear, said the husband, there are police and soldiersand tear-gas and guns to keep them away. But to please her—for he loved her very much and buses were being burned, cars stoned, and schoolchildren shot by the police in those quarters out of sight and hearing of the suburb—he had electronically controlled gates fitted. Anyone who pulled off the sign YOU HAVE BEEN WARNED and tried to open the gates would have to announce his intentions by pressing a button and speaking into a receiver relayed to the house. The little boy was fascinated by the device and used, it as a walkie-talkie in cops and robbers play with his small friends.The riots were suppressed, but there were many burglaries in the suburb and somebody"s trusted housemaid was tied up and shut in a cupboard by thieves while she was in charge of her employers" house. The trusted housemaid of the man and wife and little boy was so upset by this misfortune befalling a friend left, as she herself often was, with responsibility for the possessions of the man and his wife and the little boy that she implored her employers to have burglar bars attached to the doors and windows of the house, and an alarm system installed. The wife said, She is right, let us take heed of her advice. So from every window and door in the house where they were living happily ever after they now saw the trees and sky through bars, and when the little boy"s pet cat tried to climb in by the fanlight to keep him company in his little bed at night, as it customarily had done, it set off the alarm keening through the house.The alarm was often answered—it seemed—by other burglar alarms, in other houses, that had been triggered by pet cats or nibbling mice. The alarms called to one another across the gardens in shrills and bleats and wails that everyone soon became accustomed to, so that the din roused the inhabitants of the suburb no more than the croak of frogs and musical grating of cicadas" legs. Under cover of the electronic harpies" discourse intruders sawed the iron bars and broke into homes, taking away hi-fi equipment, television sets, cassette players, cameras and radios, jewelry and clothing, and sometimes were hungry enough to devour everything in the refrigerator or paused audaciously to drink the whisky in the cabinets or patio bars. Insurance companies paid no compensation for single malt, a loss made keener by the property owner"s knowledge that the thieves wouldn"t even have been able to appreciate what it was they were drinking.Then the time came when many of the people who were not trusted housemaids and gardeners hung about the suburb because they were unemployed. Some importuned for a job: weeding or painting a roof; anything, baas (boss), madam. But the man and his wife remembered the warning about taking on anyone off the street. Some drank liquor and fouled the street with discarded bottles. Some begged, waiting for the man or his wife to drive the car out of the electronically operated gates. They sat about with their feet in the gutters, under the jacaranda trees that made a green tunnel of the street—for it was a beautiful suburb, spoilt only by their presence—and sometimes they fell asleep lying right before the gates in the midday sun. The wife could never see anyone go hungry. She sent the trusted housemaid out with bread and tea but the trusted housemaid said these were loafers and tsotsis (criminals), who would come and tie her and shut her in a cupboard. The husband said, She"s right. Take heed of her advice. You only encourage them with your bread and tea. They are looking for their chance... And he brought the little boy"s tricycle from the garden into the house every night, because if the house was surely secure, once locked and with the alarm set, someone might still be able to climb over the wall or the electronically closed gates into the garden.You are right, said the wife, then the wall should be higher. And the wise old witch, the husband"s mother, paid for the extra bricks as her Christmas present to her son and his wife-the little boy got a Space Man outfit and a book of fairy tales.But every week there were more reports of intrusion: in broad daylight and the dead of night in the early hours of the morning, and even in the lovely summer twilight-a certain family was at dinner while the bedrooms were being ransacked upstairs. The man and his wife, talking of the latest armed robbery in the suburb, were distracted by the sight of the little boy"s pet effortlessly arriving over the seven-foot wall, descending first with a rapid bracing of extended forepaws down on the sheer vertical surface, and then a graceful launch, landing with swishing tail within the property. The whitewashed wall was marked with the cat"s comings andgoings and on the street side of the wall there were larger red-earth smudges that could have been made by the kind of broken running shoes, seen on the feet of unemployed loiterers, that had no innocent destination.When the man and wife and little boy took the pet dog for its walk round the neighborhood streets they no longer paused to admire this show of roses or that perfect lawn; these were hidden behind an array of different varieties of security fences, walls and devices. The man, wife, little boy and dog passed a remarkable choice: there was the low-cost option of pieces of broken glass embedded in cement along the top of walls, there were iron grilles ending in lance-points, there were attempts at reconciling the aesthetics of prison architecture with the Spanish Villa (spikes painted pink) and with the plaster Urns of neoclassical facades (twelve-inch pikes finned like zigzags of lightning and painted pure white). Some walls had a small board affixed, giving the name and telephone number of the firm responsible for the installation of the devices. While the little boy and the pet dog raced ahead, the husband and wife found themselves comparing the possible effectiveness of each style against its appearance; and after several weeks when they paused before this barricade or that without needing to speak, both came out with the conclusion that only one was worth considering. It was the ugliest but the most honest in its suggestion of the pure concentration-camp style, no frills, all evident efficacy. Placed the length of walls, it consisted of a continuous coil of stiff and shining metal serrated into jagged blades, so that there would be no way of climbing over it and no way through its tunnel without getting entangled in its fangs. There would be no way out, only a struggle getting bloodier and bloodier, a deeper and sharper hooking and tearing of flesh. The wife shuddered to look at it. You"re right, said the husband, anyone would think twice... And they took heed of the advice on a small board fixed the, wall: Consult DRAGON"S TEETH The People For Total Security.Next day a gang of workmen came and stretched the razor-bladed coils all round the walls of the house where the husband and wife and little boy and pet dog and cat were living happily ever after. The sunlight flashed and slashed, off the serrations, the cornice of razor thorns encircled the home, shining. The husband said, Never mind. It will weather. The wife said, You"re wrong. They guarantee it"s rust-proof. And she waited until the little boy had run off to play before she said, I hope the cat will take heed... The husband said, Don"t worry, my dear, cats always look before they leap. And it was true that from that day on the cat slept in the little boy"s bed and kept to the garden, never risking a try at breaching security.One evening, the mother read the little boy to sleep with a fairy story from the book the wise old witch had given him at Christmas. Next day he pretended to be the Prince who braves the terrible thicket of thorns to enter the palace and kiss the Sleeping Beauty back to life: he dragged a ladder to the wall, the shining coiled tunnel was just wide enough for his little body to creep in, and with the first fixing of its razor-teeth in his knees and hands and head he screamed and struggled deeper into its tangle. The trusted housemaid and the itinerant gardener, whose "day" it was, came running, the first to see and to scream with him, and the itinerant gardener tore this hands trying to get at the little boy. Then the man and his wife burst wildly into the garden and for some reason (the cat, probably) the alarm set up wailing against the screams while the bleeding mass of the little boy was hacked out of the security coil with saws, wire-cutters, choppers, and they carried it-the man, the wife, the hysterical trusted housemaid and the weeping gardener-into the house.（分数：6.00）(1).Summarize the plot of the following story in your own words (around 200 words). (30 points)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (2).Make a brief comment on the characterization of the man and his wife. (30 points)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (3).Define the major theme of the following short story. (40 points)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ Identify errors of logic or reasoning, if any, in the following arguments. Briefly explain the cause of error.（分数：10.00）(1).Luck is in contradiction to God"s sovereign plan, because Albert Einstein stated that, "God does not play dice."（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (2).Voucher programs will not harm schools, since no one has ever proven that vouchers have harmed schools.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (3).Mr. Wang is a great teacher because he is so wonderful at teaching.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (4).If you allow a camel to poke his nose into the tent, soon the whole camel will follow.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (5).Statistic show that Hawaiians live longer than other Americans. If you want to live longer you should move to Hawaii.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________。

2009年10月外国文学史试题及答案解析

A.拱形结构B.单线结构C.双线结构D.框形结构2009年10月高等教育自学考试外国文学史试题课程代码：00540A. 《理想国》B. 破晓歌C.夜歌A. 《罗兰之歌》 D. 《伊戈尔远征记》一、单理选择题（本大题共 26小题,每小题1分，共26 分）I.亚里士多德文艺理论的代表作是（古代文学）C.《诗学》D.《诗艺》 2.古希腊罗马神话和英雄传说的汇编《变形记》的作者是（古希腊 A.奥维德 B.维吉尔 C.贺拉斯 D.阿普列尤斯3.中世纪法国骑士抒情诗中最著名的是（中古文学）4.欧洲中世纪的后期英雄史诗中最具代表性的是中古文学5.薄伽丘的小说《十日谈》采用的结构形式是（文艺复兴全国 B.《伊安篇》 A.牧歌D.怨歌 B.《熙德之歌》C.《尼伯龙根之歌》6.对话体幻想小说《乌托邦》的作者是（文艺复兴A.托马斯•莫尔B.罗伯特•格林C.约翰•李利D.马洛7.使法国古典主义悲剧走向成熟的作家是（17世纪）A.高乃依B.拉辛C.布瓦洛D.拉封丹8.被称为“德国第一部有政治倾向性的戏剧”是（18世纪）A.《强盗》B.《阴谋与爱情》C.《华伦斯坦》D.《浮士德》9.德国浪漫主义文学在发展过程中形成了三个中心, 最早的一个是（19世纪1 )A.耶拿派B.海德堡派C.柏林派D.湖畔派10.法国浪漫主义战胜古典主义的标志性事件是（19世纪1A.《欧那尼》上演（雨果）B.《克伦威尔》上演C.《伪君子》上演D.《茶花女》上演11.著名的革命民主主义诗人裴多菲是（19世纪1A.波兰人B.罗马尼亚人C.匈牙利人D.保加利亚人A.杰克•伦敦B.马克•吐温C.赛珍珠D.索尔•贝娄A.萨克雷 C.盖斯凯尔夫人A.拉伯雷14. 美国废奴文学的代表作是（B. 《汤姆大伯的小屋》15. 法国著名的自然主义小说家和理论家是（A.龚古尔兄弟 D.莫泊桑16. “为中国题材小说作出了开拓性贡献”而获诺贝尔文学奖的美国作家是（2代表19世纪英国文学最高成就的作家是（ 19世纪2） 13.巴赫金认为创造了“复调小说”的作家是（ 19世纪2C.大仲马D.陀思妥耶夫斯基C.《汤姆•索亚历险记》D.《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》B.狄更斯D.哈代B.福楼拜A.《白鲸》B.左拉C.都德 20世纪）B.危地马拉作家D.哥伦比亚作家A.爱情主题 D.复仇主题17.高尔基早期描写流浪汉生活的代表作是（ 20世纪1 )A.《伊则吉尔老婆子》B.《少女与死神》C.《切尔卡什》D.《在底层》18.意识流小说《墙上的斑点》的作者是（A.乔伊斯B.福克纳C.沃尔夫D.普鲁斯特19. “他人就是地狱”出自于萨特的作品，该作品是（20世纪2 ) A.《禁闭》 B.《苍蝇》C.《恶心》D.《死无葬身之地》20.魔幻现实主义代表作家加西亚•马尔克斯是（ 20世纪221.《旧约》中《雅歌》主要表现的是（东方古代文学A.墨西哥作家 C.古巴作家B.和平主题C.战争主题22.印度古代文学史上最杰出的诗人和剧作家是（东方古代文学）A.首陀罗迦B.广博仙人C.迦梨陀娑D.蚁垤仙人23.波斯文学史上被称为“诗歌之父”的是（东万中古文学A.鲁达基B.菲尔多西C.哈菲兹D.萨迪24.日本近代新思潮派的代表作家是（东方近代文学A.芥川龙之介B.菊池宽C.志贺直哉D.岛崎藤村25.《先知》的作者纪伯伦是（现代文学A.埃及现代派作家B.白桦派作家C.叙美派作家D.唯美派作家26.获得诺贝尔文学奖的尼日利亚作家是（当代文学）A.桑戈尔B.戈迪默C.阿契贝D.索因卡二、多项选择题（本大题共6小题，每小题2分，共12分）五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。

2009年天津外国语学院英语专业(英美文学)真题试卷.doc

2009年天津外国语学院英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷(总分：58.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：15，分数：30.00)1.Beowulf, the oldest great long poem ever written in English, is composed in a form of______.（分数：2.00）A.epicsB.lyricsC.folk songsD.sagas2.Geoffrey Chaucer planned originally to have each of the pilgrims tell______stories on the way to Canterbury and the same number of stories on the way back in his famous The Canterbury Tales.（分数：2.00）A.1B.2C.3D.43.Christopher Marlow was born only two months before William Shakespeare. In his life time he wrote some famous tragedies such as Tamburlain, The Jew of Malta and Dr. Faustus. All these tragedies portray a hero who passionately pursues______.（分数：2.00）A.moneyB.powerC.territoryD.women4.The poetry of John Donne represents a sharp break from the poetry of his predecessors in the Eliz-abethian era. One of the outstanding features in his poetry is " conceit " which means______.（分数：2.00）A.ironyB.satireC.elaborated metaphorD.contrast5.In addition to Paradise Lost, John Milton" s another famous poem Lycidas is a______in which he uses some artificial imagery supplied by an idyllic shepherd" s existence to bewail the loss of a friend.（分数：2.00）A.pastoral elegyB.odesC.cantosD.ballads6.Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele are famous English essayists. They developed a new type of English writing, periodic essays. They often publish their writings in a journal which is called______.（分数：2.00）A.The GuardianB.The AtlanticC.New YorkerD.The Spectator7.The central character J. Alfred Prufrock in T. S. Eliot" s famous poem The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock is .______.（分数：2.00）A.an old manB.a godlike figureC.a restless young manD.a muse8.E. M. Forster is a novelist but also a novel critic. His famous book on novel criticism is entitled （分数：2.00）A.Politics and the English LanguageB.Aspects of the NovelC.The Rise of the NovelD.A Room of One"s Own9.Harold Pinter is a contemporary British dramatist. His plays are characterized by the following EXCEPT______.（分数：2.00）A.pauses and silence in dialoguesB.mysterious motivation of charactersC.spacious confinementD.happy ending10.Which of the following words does not describe the features of Irving" s writings?______（分数：2.00）A.decorumB.humorC.musicalityD.imagination11.Which of the following works by Henry James does not deal with " the international theme"?______（分数：2.00）A.Daisy MillerB.The Turn of the ScrewC.The Portrait of a LadyD.The Ambassadors12.Which of the following pairs of characters does not form a contrast of ideas between them?______（分数：2.00）A.Natty Bumpoo and Judge TempleB.Ichabod Crane and Brom BonesC.Jay Gatsby and Nick CarrawayD.Ishmael and Ahab13.Which of the following pairs concerning the writer and the main setting in his/her works is incorrect?（分数：2.00）A.Kate Chopin—LouisanaB.Willa Cather—GeorgiaC.O. Henry—New YorkD.Sherwood Anderson—Ohio14.Of the four Compson Children, ______" s life embodies all the vices of the modern world.（分数：2.00）A.QuentinB.CaddyC.JasonD.Benjy15."I am cruel only to be kind to you" The rhetorical device used in this statement is______.（分数：2.00）A.MetonymyB.MetaphorC.OxymoronD.Allusion二、填空题(总题数：10，分数：20.00)16.Each literary movement can be seen as a strong reaction to the previous aesthetic principles. Romanticism in the history of English literature can be presented as a strong reaction to 1.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________17.With the narrative technique of stream of consciousness, modern novelists aim at revealing 1of characters.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________18.W.B.Yeats can be regarded as an Irish nationalist poet. All his life is engaged in the rejuvenation of the Irish culture. He organized the Rhymers" Club and launched 1.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________19.The literary school of 1can be defined as having "such quality of texture and background that it could not have been written in any other place or by anyone else than a native. "（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________20.Standing on the bare ground, my head bathed by the blithe air and uplifted into infinite space, all mean egotism vanishes. I become a 1; I am nothing, I see all; the currents of the Universal Being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________21.In 1, a novel about American Civil War, the protagonist keeps asking himself the question. "Will I run from a battle?" and at last he does run away from the battle field.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________22.In the 1950s, there was a widespread discontentment among the postwar generation, whose voice was one of protest against all the mainstream culture that America had come to represent. This generation was known as the 1generation.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________23. 1the second book of The Old Testament, tells how Moses leads the Israelites out of Egypt to the Promised Land.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________24." Droning a drowsy syncopated tune,Rocking back and forth to a mellow croon,I heard a Negro play,"The figure of speech used in the first line of the poem is 1.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________25." Forbidden public transportation, chased by debt and filthy " talking sheets" , they followed secondary routes, scanned the horizon for signs and counted heavily on each other. " The historic event referred to in the quotation is 1.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________三、问答题(总题数：4，分数：8.00)26.Two types of novels were prominent in the late eighteen century. One is the "gothic novel" and the other is "novel of purpose". Write a passage to illustrate the major characteristics of gothic novels and take Wuthering Heights as an example to illustrate your points.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 27.George Bernard Shaw" s plays aim at social reforms. He holds that the theatre has a didactic function. Please write a passage to tell us what morals Shaw wants to teach us in his well-known play Pygmalion.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 28.In what way is Emily Grierson a monument of tradition?（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________29.Irving Howe considers The Great Gatsby as a prose version of The Wasteland. What do you think of this view?（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________。

2009年四川大学英语专业(英美文学)真题试卷

一、单项选择题1 One of V. S. Naipaul' s best-known nonfictional works is______.（A）Between Father and Son（B）Green Gables（C）Enchanted Castle（D）Railway Children2 Which of the following is NOT directly related to the Irish Dramatic Movement? （A）The Abbey Theatre（B）Lady Augusta Gregory（C）Sean O'Casey（D）Sartor Resartus3 Which of the following reflects the spirit of chivalry, i. e. , the quality and ideal of knightly conduct, in the early feudal age?（A）Morality Play（B）Romance（C）Epic（D）Gothic novel4 One of the most noticeable features of John Donne' s poetry is his use of______. （A）classical vocabulary（B）conceit（C）dramatic monologue（D）exaggeration5 "When all at once I saw a crowd,A host of golden daffodils. "In the above quotation taken from William Wordsworth' s poem " I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud" , the word "host" refers to______.（A）a large number（B）few（C）dancing group（D）quiet group6 Point out the work that was written by Henry David Thoreau. ______（A）The Fall of the House of Usher（B）The Rise of Silas Lapham（C）Walden（D）The Legend of Sleepy Hollow7 Jack London: the author of______ , is a naturalist writer.（A）The Red Badge of Courage（B）The Octopus（C）The Gilded Age（D）Martin Eden8 Which ONE of the following poems is authored by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow? （A）The Raven.（B）Wild Nights-Wild Nights!（C）The Indian Burying Ground.（D）The Slave's Dream.9 Which ONE of the following is an influential poet whose poems often express a thematic concern about the issue of death and eternity?（A）Walt Whitman（B）Ralph Waldo Emerson（C）Henry Wadsworth Longfellow（D）Emily Dickinson10 "I celebrate myself, and sing myself, /And what I assume you shall assume, /For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you. "In the above quoted verse lines taken from Walt Whitman' s poem " Song of Myself" , what does the central image "myself" refer to?（A）Merely the poet himself.（B）The common people of America.（C）Masculine sublime ego.（D）American puritans.二、名词解释11 My Last Duchess12 Martin Amis13 Vanity Fair14 American Local Colorism15 Henry James三、问答题16 Answer the following questions IN ABOUT 150 ENGLISH WORDS each:(20 points) Please briefly comment on Walter Scott' s Ivanhoe.17 Make an introductory comment on James Fenimore Cooper' s frontier saga The Leather Stocking Tales.。

《美国文学》期末考试试卷(A卷)

湖州师范学院外国语学院2008— 2009 学年第二学期《美国文学》期末考试试卷（A卷）适用班级050511-13 考试时间120 分钟学院班级学号姓名题号一二三四五六七八九十总分分数得分I. Write the names of the authors.(10%)1.Leaves of Grass ( )2.Raven ( )3.Anecdote of the Jar ( )4.The Octopus ( )5.Maggie: A Girl of the Streets ( )6. A Rose for Emily ( )7.Arrowsmith ( )8.Of Mice and Men ( )9.The Weary Blues ( )10.The Streetcar Named Desire ( )得分II. Fill in the following blanks with appropriate information.（10%）1.Emily Dickinson explores the inner life of the individual and paysattention to only one region “____________”. Her poetry characterizeswith the concise, direct and simple diction and syntax.2.Simply ______________ means the use of regional detail in a literaryor artistic work.The name is given especially to a kind of Americanliterature that in its most characteristic form made its appearance justafter the Civil War and for nearly three decades was the single mostpopular form of American literature.3.Martin Eden, one of London's most important books, is this __________account of a young sailor who struggles to improve himself and achieveseventual success as a writer, but grows disenchanted with fame andwealth. It represents both an indictment of the American dream and animportant reflection on London's own background and career.4.Modernism in literature is not easily summarized, but the key elementsare experimentation, __________, individualism and a stress on thecerebral rather than emotive aspects.5.The __________ manifesto came out in 1912 showed three poeticprinciples: direct treatment of the “thing”（no fuss, frill, or ornament）,exclusion of superfluous words（precision and economy of expression）,the rhythm of the musical phrase rather than the sequence of ametronome（free verse form and music）.6.In The Old Man and The Sea, Ernest Hemingway tells us a story of anold Cuban fisherman, __________, who is a perfectionist when it comesto fishing.7.William Faulkner wrote works of psychological drama and emotionaldepth, typically with long serpentine prose and high,meticulously-chosen diction, also using groundbreaking literary devicessuch as stream of consciousness, ______________, and time-shiftswithin narrative.8.Sinclair Lewis, the first American to win the Nobel Prize for Literaturein __________ for his vigorous and graphic art of description and hisability to create, with wit and humour, new types of characters.9.____________ was more than just a literary movement: it includedracial consciousness, "the back to Africa" movement led by MarcusGarvey, racial integration, the explosion of music particularly jazz,spirituals and blues, painting, dramatic revues, and others. It was a hugeleap for black liberation and culture.10.____________ received the Pulitzer Prize four times and received theNobel Prize for Literature in 1936 for the power, honesty and deep-feltemotions of his dramatic works, which embody an original concept oftragedy, making him the first US dramatist to do so.得分III. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the mostappropriate answer. （20%）1. Mark Twain created, in____________, a masterpiece of Americanrealism that is also one of the great books of world literature.A. Huckleberry FinnB. Tom SawyerC. The Man That Corrupted HadleyburgD. The Gilded Age2. Choose the work NOT written by Mark Twain.A. The Adventures of Tom SawyerB. Innocents AbroadC. Life on the MississippiD. The Rise of Silas Lapham3. With William Dean Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the scene, _______ became the major trend in the seventies and eighties of the nineteenth century.A. sentimentalismB. romanticismC. realismD. naturalism4. The American social upheavals and the literary concerns of the Great Depression years ended with the prosperity and turmoil brought by the _____________.A. First World WarB. Second World WarC. Civil WarD. War of Independence5. Ezra Pound' s long poem____________ contained more than one hundred poems loosely connected.A. The Waste LandB. The CantosC. Don JuanD. Queen Mab6. __________, a poetic tragedy on the betrayal of Thomas a Becket, is a drama of impressive spiritual power.A. "The Confidential Clerk"B. "The Cocktail Party"C. "The Family Reunion"D. "Murder in the Cathedral"7. The Fitzgeralds lived so extravagantly that they frequently spent more money than F. Scoot Fitzgerald earned for parties, liquor, entertaining their friends and traveling. It was this living style that nicknamed the decade of the 1920s as ______.A. The Roaring TwentiesB. The Jazz AgeC. The Dollar DecadeD. all of the above8. In Paris, Ernest Hemingway, along with _____________, accomplished arevolution in literary style and language.A. Gertrude SteinB. Ezra PoundC. Thomas Stearns EliotD. James JoyceE. all of the above9. __________ tells the Joad family's life from the time they were evictedfrom their farm in Oklahoma until their first winter in California.A. Of Mice and MenB. The Grapes of WrathC. The Great GatsbyD. For Whom the Bell Tolls10. _________ wrote about the society in the South by inventing familieswhich represented different social forces; the old decaying upper class; the rising, ambitious, unscrupulous class of the "poor Whites"; and the Negroes who labored for both of them.A. William FaulknerB. F. Scott FitzgeraldC. Ernest HemingwayD. John Steinbeck得分IV. Identify the author and the title of the work from which each ofthe following excerpts is taken. And then answer the question aftereach excerpt. (20%)Passage 1"I celebrate myself, and sing myself.And what I assume you shall assume,For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you. "The authorThe title of the workQuestion: What is the author celebrating?Passage 2CABOT:The farm needs a son.ABBIE:I need a son.CABOT:Ay-eh. Sometimes ye air the farm an’ sometimes the farm be yew.That’s why I clove t’ ye in my lonesomeness. (A pause. He poundshis knee with his fist.) Me an’ the farm has got t’ beget a son! ABBIE:Ye’d best go t’ sleep. Ye’re gittin’ thin’s all mixed.CABOT:(with an impatient gesture) No, I hain’t. My mind’s clear’s a well.Ye don’t know me, that’s it. (He stares hopelessly at the floor.) ABBIE:(indifferently) Mebbe.…………ABBIE:(at last—painfully) Ye shouldn’t, Eben—ye shouldn’t—I’d make ye happy!EBEN:(harshly) I don’t want t’ be happy—from yew!ABBIE:(helplessly) Ye do, Eben! Ye do! Why d’ye lie?EBEN:(viciously) I don’t take t’ ye, I tell ye! I hate the sight o’ ye! ABBIE:(with an uncertain troubled laugh) Waal, I kissed ye anyways—an’ye kissed back—yer lips was burnin’—ye can’t lie’bout that!(intensely) If ye don’t care, why did ye kiss me back—why was yerlips burnin’?The authorThe title of the workQuestion: The second conversation in the above excerpt takes place immediately after the first one. What do you think is Abbie’s real intention of showing affection to Eben?Passage 3“Since then-- ’tis Centuries--and yetFeels shorter than the DayI first surmised the Horses’ HeadsWere toward Eternity—”The authorThe title of the workQuestion: What is the implication of this final stanza?Passage 4They were careless people, Tom and Daisy—They smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness, or whatever it was that kept them together, and let other people clean up the mess they had made. . .The authorThe title of the workQuestion: What is the author' s attitude toward such persons as Tom andDaisy?Passage 5Lo! in you brilliant window-nicheHow statue-like I see thee stand,The agate lamp within thy hand!Ah, Psyche, from the regions whichAre Holy-Land!The authorThe title of the workQuestion: Comment on the beauty of this poem.得分V. Answer the following questions briefly.（20%）1. Mark Twain, “The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County”:（1）What realistic elements can you find in this story? (5%)（2）What role does language play in the story? (5%)2.What is the Lost Generation? (10%)得分VI. Answer ONE of the following questions.（20%）1.Analyze An American Tragedy by Theodore Dreiser.2. Analyze William Faulkner’s The Sound and the Fury.。

2009年北京航空航天大学英语专业英美文学真题试卷_真题-无答案

2009年北京航空航天大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷(总分80,考试时间90分钟)3. 名词解释1. Robinson Crusoe2. Henry Fleming3. The Bible4. Samuel Taylor Coleridge5. Death of a Salesman6. The Gothic novel7. Santiago8. Samuel Beckett9. Uncle Tom10. Ideology8. 分析题1. Why is the Knight first in the General Prologue to tell a tale inCanterbury Tales?2. Moby-Dickfeatures several seemingly insane characters. How does insanity relate to this story? How do these characters contrast with one another?3. Analyze the theme of Social Class in Dickens"Great Expectations.To be, or not to be—that is the question:Whether this nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortuneor to take arms against a sea of troublesAnd by opposing end them. To die, to sleep—No more...Questions:4. A. From which play are these lines taken from?5. B. Who is the playwright?6. C. Who is the speaker?7. D. What does this speech show?The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet, black bough. Questions:8. A. What is the title of this short poem?9. B. Who is the author?10. C. What two images are juxtaposed or placed next to each other in this poem?11. D. How do you appreciate this poem?It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighborhood , this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered as the rightful property of someone or other of their daughters. Questions:12. A. From which novel is this passage taken from?13. B. Who is the author of this novel?14. C. What is the literary style of this novel?15. D. What is this story about?Young Goodman Brown came forth at sunset into the street at Salem village; but put his head back after crossing threshold, to exchange a parting kiss with his wife. And Faith, as the wife was aptly named, thrust her own pretty head into the street, letting the wind play with the pink ribbons on her cap while she called to Goodman Brown. Questions:16. A. This passage is taken fromYoung Goodman Brown, who is the author?17. B. What is the symbolic meaning of "pink ribbons"?18. C. What is a symbol in literature?O, my love" s like a red, red rose. That" s newly sprung in June; O, my love" s like the melodie That" s sweetly played in tune. As fair art thou, my bonnie lass. So deep in love am I; And I will love thee still, my dear. Till a" the seas gone dry.…Questions:19. A. Who wrote this poem?20. B. What is the title of the poem?21. C. The odd-numbered lines are iambic tetrameters, what about the even-numbered lines?22. D. What is the rhyme scheme?23. E. What do you know about the poem?EUNICE; What"s the matter, honey? Are you lost?BLANCHE: They told me to take a street-car named Desire. And then transfer to one called Cemeteries and ride six blocks and get off at—Elysian Fields!EUNICE: That" s where you are now. Questions:24. A. From which play are the conversations taken?25. B. Who is the playwright?26. C. How to define "Desire" in the play?We are what we pretend to be, so we must be careful what we pretend to be.Mother Night, 1961 Anyone who cannot understand how useful a religion based on lies can be will not understand this book either.Cat"s Cradle, 1963 This is a novel somewhat in the telegraphic schizophrenic manner of tales of the planet Tralfa-madore, where the flying **e from.Slaughterhouse-Five, 1969 Questions:27. A. The author of these novels is Kurt V onnegut, name some other novelists who employ black humor.28. B. Define the literary term Black Humor with reference to the above quotations.Tragedy is, then, an imitation of a noble **plete action, having the proper magnitude; it employs language that has been artistically enhanced by each of the kinds of linguistic adornment, applied separately in the various parts of the play; it is presented in dramatic, not narrative form, and achieves, through the representation of pitiable and fearful incidents, the catharsis of such pitiable and fearful incidents. Questions:29. A. This definition of Tragedy is quoted fromPoetics, who is the author ofPoetics?30. B. Highlight the chief contributions ofPoeticsto the theory of tragedy.。

英美文学选读2009.04-2012.07答案

全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题答案1-5: BBABA 6-10:DACBA 11-15:BABBB16-20:BDACD 21-25:AACBA 26-30:BCAAA 31-35:ADCCB 36-40:DCCDBII．Reading Comprehension (16 points in all, 4 for each)41．A from percy shelley’s “men of England”B.metonymyC．Here “drones” refers to the parasitic class in human socity.42．A．The love song of J.Alfred Prufrock B. J.Alfred PrufrockC．Prufrock is conscious of the fact that he is like hamlet in some respect. But he is sensible enough that he cant be compared with hamlet.43．A．Walt WhitmanB. “there was a child went forth” from “ leaves of grass”C. The poem describes the growth of a child who learned about the world around him and improved himself accordingly. In the poem, Whitman’s own early experience may well be identified with the childhood of a young, growing American. 44．A．Emily DickinsonB. The god of deathC．The poem is trying to describe the moment of death.III．45．List at least two leading neoclassicists in England．What did Neoclassicists celebrate in literary creation?A. Alexander pope, John Dryden, Samuel JohndonB. they believed that the artistic ideals should be order, logic, restrained emotion and accuracy and that literature should be judged in terms of its service to humanity. They seek proportion, unity, harmony and grace in literacy expression, in an effort to delight, instruct and correct human beings. Thus a polite, elegant, witty and intellectual art developed.46．Jane Eyre is one of the most popular and important novels of the Victorian Age．Why is Jane Eyre such a successful novel?A. it is noted for its sharp criticism of the existing socity.B. it is an intense moral fable.C. the success of the novel is also due to its introduction to the English novel the first governess heroine.47．Who are the three dominant figures of the American Age of Realism and what are the differences in their understanding of the “truth”?A. William Dean Howells, Mark Twain, Henry James.B. Mark Twain and Howells seemed to have paid more attention to the “life” of the Ameicans. Howells focused his discussion on the rising middle class and the way they lived: Mark Twain preferred to have his own region and people at the forefront of his stories; Henry James had apparently laid a greater emphasis on the “ inner world” of man.48．What's Dreiser' s naturalistic belief? Please discuss the question with Carrie, a character in Sister Carrie as an example.A. Dreiser believes that while men are controlled and conditioned by heredity, instinct and chance, a few extraordinary and unsophisticated human beings refuse to accepttheir fate wordlessly and instead strive, unsuccessfully, to find meaning and purpose for their existence.B. Carrie, as one of such, senses that she is merely a cipher in an uncaring world yet seeks to grasp the mysteries of life and thereby satisfies her desires for social status and material comfort, but in spite of her success, she is lonely and dissatisfied. IV．Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.49．Briefly discuss William Shakespeare's artistic achievements in characterization, plot construction and language.A. shakespeare’s major characters are neither merely individual ones nor type ones; they represent certain types; they are individuals representing certain types. By employing a psychoanalytical approach, Shakespeare succeeds in exploring the characters’inner world. Shakespeare also portrays his characters in pairs. Contrasts are frequently used to bring vividness to his characters.B. Shakespeare seldom invents his own plot; instead, he borrows them from old plays or storybook, fron ancient Greek or Roman sources. In order to make the play more lively and compact, he would shorten the time and intensify the story. There are usually several clues running through the play, thus providing the story with the suspense and apprehension.C. Shakespeare can write skillfully in different poetic forms, such as the sonnet, the blank verse and the rhymed couplet. He has an amazing wealth of vocabulary and idiom. His coinage of new words and distortion of the meaning of the old words also creates striking effects on the readers.50．Briefly discuss Mark Twain's art of fiction in terms of the setting,the language, and the characters, etc.,based on his novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.A. Mark Twain uses the Mississippi Vally as his fictional kingdom, Writing about the landscape and people, the customs and the dialects of one particular region, and is therefore known as a local colorist.B. he creates life-like characters, especially the conventional Huckleberry Finn, who runs away from civilization and stands opposite to conventional morality.C. He uses a simple, direct vernacular language, totally different from any previous literary language. It is the kind of colloquial language belonging to the lower class, the living local American English.D. he has created a special humor to satirize social injustices and the decayed convention.全国2009年7月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题答案全国2010年4月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题答案Multiple Choice(40 points in all, 1 for each)01-05:DDADA 06-10:BBDCB 11-15:BACDA16-20:CACAD 21-25:BDADC 26-30:BCCBA 31-35:AADCA 36-40:BACCDReading Comprehension (16 points in all, 4 for each)41. A. Shelley & A Song : Men of England. B. This poem was written in 1819, the year of the *Peterloo Massacre(彼得卢屠杀). * 1819年8月16日发生在英国曼彻斯特圣彼得广场上的一场流血惨案。

2009考研英语真题英语一阅读部分

Text 1①Habits are a funny thing.②We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. ③“Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd,”William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. ④In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word“habit”carries a negative implication.①So it seems paradoxical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. ②But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.①Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits.②In fact, the more new things we try—the more we step outside our comfort zone—the more inherently creative we become, both in the workplace and in our personal lives.①But don't bother trying to kill off old habits；once those ruts of procedure are worn into the brain, they're there to stay. ②Instead, the new habits we deliberately press into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.①“The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,”says Dawna Markova, author of The Open Mind. ②“But we are taught instead to‘decide', just as our president calls himself‘the Decider.'”③She adds, however, that“to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. ④A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”①All of us work through problems in ways of which we're unaware, she says.②Researchers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively.③At the end of adolescence, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.①The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. ②“This breaks the major rule in the American belief system—that anyone can do anything,”explains M.J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book This Y ear I Will...and Ms. Markova's business partner. ③“That's a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. ④Knowing what you're good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.”⑤This is where developing new habits comes in.21.In Wordsworth's view,“habits”is characterized by being__________.[A] casual[B] familiar[C] mechanical[D] changeable22.Brain researchers have discovered that the formation of new habits can be__________.[A] predicted[B] regulated[C] traced[D] guided23.The word“ruts”(Para. 4) is closest in meaning to__________.[A] tracks[B] series[C] characteristics[D] connections24.Dawna Markova would most probably agree that__________.[A] ideas are born of a relaxing mind[B] innovativeness could be taught[C] decisiveness derives from fantastic ideas[D] curiosity activates creative minds25.Ryan's comments suggest that the practice of standardized testing__________.[A] prevents new habits form being formed[B] no longer emphasizes commonness[C] maintains the inherent American thinking mode[D] complies with the American belief systemText 2①It is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom —or at least confirm that he's the kid's dad. ②All he needs to do is shell out $30 for a paternity testing kit (PTK) at his local drugstore—and another $120 to get the results.①More than 60,000 people have purchased the PTKs since they first became available without prescriptions last year, according to Doug Fogg, chief operating officer of Identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits. ②More than two dozen companies sell DNA tests directly to the public, ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more than $2,500.①Among the most popular: paternity and kinship testing, which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and families can use to track down kids put up for adoption. ②DNA testing is also the latest rage among passionate genealogists—and supports businesses that offer to search for a family's geographic roots.①Most tests require collecting cells by swabbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing. ②All tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare DNA.①But some observers are skeptical. ②“There's a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing,”says Troy Duster, a New Y ork University sociologist. ③He notes that each individual has many ancestors—numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back. ④Y et most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the Y chromosome inherited through me n in a father's line or mitochondrial DNA, which is passed down only from mothers. ⑤This DNA can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other great-great-grandparents.①Critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collections to whicha sample is compared. ②Databases used by some companies don't rely on data collected systematically but rather lump together information from different research projects. ③This means that a DNA database may have a lot of data from some regions and not others, so a person's test results may differ depending on the company that processes the results. ④In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.26.In Paragraphs 1 and 2, the text shows PTK's___________.[A] easy availability[B] flexibility in pricing[C] successful promotion[D] popularity with households27.PTK is used to___________.[A] locate one's birth place[B] promote genetic research[C] identify parent-child kinship[D] choose children for adoption28.Skeptical observers believe that ancestry testing fails to___________.[A] trace distant ancestors[B] rebuild reliable bloodlines[C] fully use genetic information[D] achieve the claimed accuracy29.In the last paragraph, a problem commercial genetic testing faces is___________.[A] disorganized data collection[B] overlapping database building[C] excessive sample comparison[D] lack of patent evaluation30.An appropriate title for the text is most likely to be___________.[A] Fors and Againsts of DNA Testing[B] DNA Testing and Its Problems[C] DNA Testing Outside the Lab[D] Lies Behind DNA TestingText 3①The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike. ②Progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all other societies；however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. ③We are fortunate that it is, because building new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations.④The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radically higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.①Ironically, the first evidence for this idea appeared in the United States. ②Not long ago, with the country entering a recession and Japan at its pre-bubble peak, the U.S. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of the primary causes of the poor U.S. economic performance. ③Japan was, and remains, the global leader in automotive-assembly productivity.④Y et the research revealed that the U.S. factories of Honda, Nissan, and Toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their Japanese counterparts—a result of the training that U.S. workers received on the job.①More recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English-speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry's work.①What is the real relationship between education and economic development? ②We have to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments don't force it. ③After all, that's how education got started. ④When our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didn't have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food. ⑤Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things.①As education improved, humanity's productivity potential increased as well. ②When the competitive environment pushed our ancestors to achieve that potential, they could in turn afford more education. ③This increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance.④Thus poor countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education.⑤A lack of formal education, however, doesn't constrain the ability of the developing world's workforce to substantially improve productivity for the foreseeable future.⑥On the contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isn't developing more quickly there than it is.31.The author holds in Paragraph 1 that the importance of education in poor countries__________.[A] is subject to groundless doubts[B] has fallen victim of bias[C] is conventionally downgraded[D] has been overestimated32.It is stated in Paragraph 1 that the construction of a new educational system__________.[A] challenges economists and politicians[B] takes efforts of generations[C] demands priority from the government[D] requires sufficient labor force33.A major difference between the Japanese and U.S. workforces is that__________.[A] the Japanese workforce is better disciplined[B] the Japanese workforce is more productive[C] the U.S. workforce has a better education[D] the U.S. workforce is more organized34.The author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged__________.[A] when people had enough time[B] prior to better ways of finding food[C] when people no longer went hungry[D] as a result of pressure on government35.According to the last paragraph, development of education__________.[A] results directly from competitive environments[B] does not depend on economic performance[C] follows improved productivity[D] cannot afford political changesText 4①The most thoroughly studied intellectuals in the history of the New World are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England. ②According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was“so much importance attached to intellectual pursuits.”③According to many books and articles, New England's leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life.①To take this approach to the New Englanders normally means to start with the Puritans' theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church—important subjects that we may not neglect. ②But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may conside r the original Puritans as carriers of European culture, adjusting to New World circumstances.③The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity.①The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. ②Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts churches in the decade after 1629, there were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman, la wyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston.③These men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.①We should not forget, however, that most New Englanders were less well educated.②While few craftsmen or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized. ③Their thinking often had a traditional superstitious quality. ④A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs.⑤Sexual confusion, economic frustrations, and religious hope—all came together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father that the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words:“Come out from among them, touch no unclean thing, and I will be your God and you shall be my people.”⑥One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible that he heard in Puritan churches.①Meanwhile, many settlers had slighter religious commitments than Dane's, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New World for religion. ②“Our main end was to catch fish.”36.The author holds that in the seventeenth-century New England__________.[A] Puritan tradition dominated political life[B] intellectual interests were encouraged[C] politics benefited much from intellectual endeavors[D] intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment37.It is suggested in Paragraph 2 that New Englanders__________.[A] experienced a comparatively peaceful early history[B] brought with them the culture of the Old World[C] paid little attention to southern intellectual life[D] were obsessed with religious innovations38.The early ministers and political leaders in Massachusetts Bay__________.[A] were famous in the New World for their writings[B] gained increasing importance in religious affairs[C] abandoned high positions before coming to the New World[D] created a new intellectual atmosphere in New England39.The story of John Dane shows that less well-educated New Englanders were often__________.[A] influenced by superstitions[B] troubled with religious beliefs[C] puzzled by church sermons[D] frustrated with family earnings40.The text suggests that early settlers in New England__________.[A] were mostly engaged in political activities[B] were motivated by an illusory prospect[C] came from different intellectual backgrounds[D] left few formal records for later reference文- 汉语汉字编辑词条文，wen，从玄从爻。

2009年北京第二外国语学院英语专业(英美文学)真题试卷.doc

2009年北京第二外国语学院英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷(总分：40.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：15，分数：30.00)1.The history of English literature begins in the______century.（分数：2.00）A.7thB.6thC.5thD.4th2.______is often considered as the "poets" poet" because of his considerable influence on later poets.（分数：2.00）A.Edmund SpenserB.William ShakespeareC.Thomas WyattD.Ben Johnson3.The epic of Paradise Lost is based on the stories from______.（分数：2.00）A.The New TestamentB.The Old TestamentC.The Ancient Greek MythsD.The Ancient Roman Myths4.Which of the following is NOT true about Robinson Crusoe?（分数：2.00）A.It is written in the autobiographical form.B.It is a record of Defoe"s own experience.C.Robinson spends 28 years of isolated life on the island.D.It is set in the middle of the 17th century.5.From her novel we can deduce Jane Austen"s view of life is______.（分数：2.00）A.romanticB.sentimentalC.realisticD.pessimistic6.In______, common sense and moral propriety took the place of the principle of Romanticism and became the predominant preoccupation in literary works.（分数：2.00）A.RenaissanceB.the Elizabethan periodC.the gilded ageD.the Victorian period7.Sheridan is considered usually as a great______writer.（分数：2.00）edyB.tragedyC.essayD.short fiction8.The first permanent English settlement in North America was established at______.（分数：2.00）A.JamestownB.New YorkC.BostonD.Concord9.The first symbol of self-made American man is______.（分数：2.00）A.George WashingtonB.Washington IrvingC.Thomas JeffersonD.Benjamin Franklin10.American Renaissance started from______.（分数：2.00）A.PragmatismB.UtilitarianC.New England TranscendentalismD.the age of Realism11.The most influential novelist in Romantic period is______.（分数：2.00）A.Nathaniel HawthorneB.Edgar Allan PoeC.Emily DickinsonD.Fennimore Cooper12.______divides the 19th century into the age of Romanticism and Realism in American literature.（分数：2.00）A.The Spanish-American warB.The Civil WarC.WWID.WWII13.William Dean Howells explores the life of______Americans.（分数：2.00）A.lower-classB.upper-classC.working-classD.middle-class14.______addressed Ernest Hemingway and his peers as "the Lost Generation" which entitled a generation in the 1930s.（分数：2.00）A.Gertrude SteinB.William Dean HowellsC.Sherwood AndersonD.Henry James15.Catch-22 is a novel with outstanding .（分数：2.00）A.euphemismB.black humorC.allusionD.stream of consciousness二、名词解释(总题数：3，分数：6.00)16.art for art"s sake（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 17.self-reliance（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 18.the Jazz Age（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 三、分析题(总题数：1，分数：4.00)The following poem is written for the mourning of the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln.Read it and answer the questions:O Captain! My Captain!O Captain! My Captain! Our fearful trip is done; The ship has weather"d every rack, the prize we sought is won,The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring.But O heart! Heart! Heart!O the bleeding drops of red!Where on the deck my Captain lies,Fallen cold and dead.O captain! My Captain! Rise up and hear the bells;Rise up—for you theflag is flung—for you the bugle trills,For you bouquets and ribbon"d wreaths—for you the shores crowding,For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning;Here Captain! Dear father!This arm beneath your head;It is some dream that on the deckYou"ve fallen cold and dead.My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still,My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will;The ship is anchor"d safe and sound, its voyage closed and done;From fearful trip the victor ship comes in with object won;Exult, O shores! And ring, O bells!But I, with mournful tread,Walk the deck my Captain lies,Fallen cold and dead.（分数：4.00）(1).The writer of this famous poem is one of the most influential poets at the age of Romanticism. Can you give out his name and present his contribution in literature briefly? (3 points)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (2).Can you enlist at least two major figures of speech used in this poem and illustrate their functions respectively? (8 points)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________。

2009年考研英语真题(含答案解析)

2009年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I U se of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are.1the fruit-fly experiments described in Carl Zimmer's piece in the Science Times on Tuesday. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly 2 to live shorter lives. This suggests that 3bulbs burn longer, that there is an 4 in not being too terrifically bright.Intelligence, it 5 out, is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns morefuel and is slow 6 the starting line because it depends on learning —a gradual 7— instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they've apparently learned is when to8.Is there an adaptive value to9intelligence? That's the question behind this newresearch. I like it. Instead of casting a wistful glance10 at all the species we'veleft in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real11of our own intelligencemight be. This is12 the mind of every animal I've ever met.Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would13 on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, 14, is running asmall-scale study in operant conditioning. we believe that 15animals ran the labs,they would test us to 16 the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really 17 , not merely how much of it there is. 1819 question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in?20 the results are inconclusive.1. [A] Suppose [B] Consider [C] Observe [D] Imagine2. [A] tended [B] feared [C] happened [D] threatened3. [A] thinner [B] stabler [C] lighter [D] dimmer4. [A] tendency [B] advantage [C] inclination [D] priority5. [A] insists on [B] sums up [C] turns out [D] puts forward6. [A] off [B] behind [C] over [D] along7. [A] incredible [B] spontaneous [C] inevitable [D] gradual8. [A] fight [B] doubt [C] stop [D] think9. [A] invisible [B] limited [C] indefinite [D] different10. [A] upward [B] forward [C] afterward [D] backward11. [A] features [B] influences [C] results [D] costs12. [A] outside [B] on [C] by [D] across13. [A] deliver [B] carry [C] perform [D] apply14. [A] by chance [B] in contrast [C] as usual [D] for instance15. [A] if [B] unless [C] as [D] lest16. [A] moderate [B] overcome [C] determine [D] reach17. [A] at [B] for [C] after [D] with18. [A] Above all [B] After all [C] However [D] Otherwise19. [A] fundamental [B] comprehensive [C] equivalent [D] hostile20. [A] By accident [B] In time [C] So far [D] Better stillSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. "Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd," William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word "habit" carries a negative connotation.So it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.But don't bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the hippocampus, they're there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads."The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder," says Dawna Markova, author of "The Open Mind" and an executive change consultant for Professional Thinking Partners. "But we are taught instead to 'decide,' just as our president calls himself 'the Decider.' " She adds, however, that "to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one.A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities."All of us work through problems in ways of which we're unaware, she says. Researchers in the late 1960 covered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. At puberty, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. "This breaks the major rule in the American belief system — that anyone can do anything," explains M. J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book "This Year I Will..." and Ms. Markova's business partner. "That's a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. Knowing what you're good at and doing even more of it creates excellence." This is where developing new habits comes in.21. The view of Wordsworth habit is claimed by being ________.A. casualB. familiarC. mechanicalD. changeable22. The researchers have discovered that the formation of habit can be ________A. predictedB. regulatedC. tracedD. guided23. "ruts"(in line one, paragraph 3) has closest meaning to ________A. tracksB. seriesC. characteristicsD. connections24. Ms. Markova's comments suggest that the practice of standard testing ________?A, prevents new habits form being formedB, no longer emphasizes commonnessC, maintains the inherent American thinking modelD, complies with the American belief system25. Ryan most probably agree thatA. ideas are born of a relaxing mindB. innovativeness could be taughtC. decisiveness derives from fantastic ideasD. curiosity activates creative mindsText 2It is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom –or at least confirm that he's the kid's dad. All he needs to do is shell our $30 for paternity testing kit (PTK) at his local drugstore – and another $120 to get the results.More than 60,000 people have purchased the PTKs since they first become available without prescriptions last years, according to Doug Fog, chief operating officer of Identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits. More than two dozen companies sell DNA tests Directly to the public , ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more than $2500.Among the most popular : paternity and kinship testing , which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and latest rage a many passionate genealogists-and supports businesses that offer to search for a family's geographic roots .Most tests require collecting cells by webbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing. All tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare DNA.But some observers are skeptical, "There is a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing," says Trey Duster, a New York University sociologist. He notes that each individual has many ancestors-numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back. Yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a father's line or mitochondrial DNA, which a passed down only from mothers. This DNA can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other great-great-grandparents.Critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collections to which a sample is compared. Databases used by some companies don't rely on data collected systematically but rather lump together information from different research projects. This means that a DNA database may differ depending on the company that processes the results. In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.26. In paragraphs 1 and 2, the text shows PTK's ___________.[A] easy availability[B] flexibility in pricing[C] successful promotion[D] popularity with households27. PTK is used to __________.[A] locate one's birth place[B] promote genetic research[C] identify parent-child kinship[D] choose children for adoption28. Skeptical observers believe that ancestry testing fails to__________.[A] trace distant ancestors[B] rebuild reliable bloodlines[C] fully use genetic information[D] achieve the claimed accuracy29. In the last paragraph, a problem commercial genetic testing faces is __________.[A] disorganized data collection[B] overlapping database building[C] excessive sample comparison[D] lack of patent evaluation30. An appropriate title for the text is most likely to be__________.[A] Fors and Againsts of DNA testing[B] DNA testing and It's problems[C] DNA testing outside the lab[D] lies behind DNA testingText 3The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike progress in both area is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. We are fortunate that is it, because new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.Ironically, the first evidence for this idea appeared in the United States. Not long ago, with the country entering a recessing and Japan at its pre-bubble peak. The U.S. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of primary cause of the poor U.S. economic performance. Japan was, and remains, the global leader in automotive-assembly productivity. Yet the research revealed that the U.S. factories of Honda Nissan, and Toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their Japanese counterparts -- a result of the training that U.S. workers received on the job.More recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English- speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry's work.What is the real relationship between education and economic development? We have to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments don't force it. After all, that's how education got started. When our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didn't have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food. Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things.As education improved, humanity's productivity potential, they could in turn afford more education. This increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance. Thus poor countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education. A lack of formal education, however, doesn't constrain the ability of the developing world's workforce to substantially improve productivity for the forested future. On the contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isn't developing more quickly there than it is.31. The author holds in paragraph 1 that the important of education in poor countries___________.[A] is subject groundless doubts[B] has fallen victim of bias[C] is conventional downgraded[D] has been overestimated32. It is stated in paragraph 1 that construction of a new education system __________.[A] challenges economists and politicians[B] takes efforts of generations[C] demands priority from the government[D] requires sufficient labor force33. A major difference between the Japanese and U.S workforces is that __________.[A] the Japanese workforce is better disciplined[B] the Japanese workforce is more productive[C] the U.S workforce has a better education[D] the U.S workforce is more organize34. The author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged __________.[A] when people had enough time[B] prior to better ways of finding food[C] when people on longer went hung[D] as a result of pressure on government35. According to the last paragraph , development of education __________.[A] results directly from competitive environments[B] does not depend on economic performance[C] follows improved productivity[D] cannot afford political changesText 4The most thoroughly studied in the history of the new world are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was "So much important attached to intellectual pursuits " According to many books and articles, New England's leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life.To take this approach to the New Englanders normally mean to start with the Puritans' theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church-important subjects that we may not neglect. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture adjusting to New world circumstances. The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity.The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. `Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decade after 1629,There were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. There men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.We should not forget , however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. While few crafts men or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, The in thinking often had a traditional superstitions quality. A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. sexual confusion, economic frustrations , and religious hope-all name together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: "come out from among them, touch no unclean thing , and I will be your God and you shall be my people." One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible that he heard in puritan churched.Meanwhile, many settles had slighter religious commitments than Dane's, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New world for religion . "Our main end was to catch fish. "36. The author notes that in the seventeenth-century New England___________.[A] Puritan tradition dominated political life.[B] intellectual interests were encouraged.[C] Politics benefited much from intellectual endeavors.[D] intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment.37. It is suggested in paragraph 2 that New Englanders__________.[A] experienced a comparatively peaceful early history.[B] brought with them the culture of the Old World[C] paid little attention to southern intellectual life[D] were obsessed with religious innovations38. The early ministers and political leaders in Massachusetts Bay__________.[A] were famous in the New World for their writings[B] gained increasing importance in religious affairs[C] abandoned high positions before coming to the New World[D] created a new intellectual atmosphere in New England39. The story of John Dane shows that less well-educated New Englanders were often__________.[A] influenced by superstitions[B] troubled with religious beliefs[C] puzzled by church sermons[D] frustrated with family earnings40. The text suggests that early settlers in New England__________.[A] were mostly engaged in political activities[B] were motivated by an illusory prospect[C] came from different backgrounds.[D] left few formal records for later referencePart BDirections:Directions: In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions (41-45), choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Coinciding with the groundbreaking theory of biological evolution proposed by British naturalist Charles Darwin in the 1860s, British social philosopher Herbert Spencer put forward his own theory of biological and cultural evolution. Spencer argued that all worldly phenomena, including human societies, changed over time, advancing toward perfection.41.____________.American social scientist Lewis Henry Morgan introduced another theory of cultural evolution in the late 1800s. Morgan, along with Tylor, was one of the founders of modern anthropology. In his work, he attempted to show how all aspects of culture changed together in the evolution of societies.42._____________.In the early 1900s in North America, German-born American anthropologist Franz Boas developed a new theory of culture known as historical particularism. Historical particularism, which emphasized the uniqueness of all cultures, gave new direction to anthropology. 43._____________.Boas felt that the culture of any society must be understood as the result of a unique history and not as one of many cultures belonging to a broader evolutionary stage or type of culture. 44._______________.Historical particularism became a dominant approach to the study of culture in American anthropology, largely through the influence of many students of Boas. But a number of anthropologists in the early 1900s also rejected the particularist theory of culture in favor of diffusionism. Some attributed virtually every important cultural achievement to the inventions of a few, especially gifted peoples that, according to diffusionists, then spread to other cultures. 45.________________.Also in the early 1900s, French sociologist Émile Durkheim developed a theory of culture that would greatly influence anthropology. Durkheim proposed that religious beliefs functioned to reinforce social solidarity. An interest in the relationship between the function of society and culture—known as functionalism—became a major theme in European, and especially British, anthropology.[A] Other anthropologists believed that cultural innovations, such as inventions, had asingle origin and passed from society to society. This theory was known as diffusionism.[B] In order to study particular cultures as completely as possible, Boas became skilledin linguistics, the study of languages, and in physical anthropology, the study of human biology and anatomy.[C] He argued that human evolution was characterized by a struggle he called the "survivalof the fittest," in which weaker races and societies must eventually be replaced by stronger, more advanced races and societies.[D] They also focused on important rituals that appeared to preserve a people's socialstructure, such as initiation ceremonies that formally signify children's entrance into adulthood.[E] Thus, in his view, diverse aspects of culture, such as the structure of families, formsof marriage, categories of kinship, ownership of property, forms of government, technology, and systems of food production, all changed as societies evolved.[F] Supporters of the theory viewed as a collection of integrated parts that work togetherto keep a society functioning.[G] For example, British anthropologists Grafton Elliot Smith and W. J. Perry incorrectlysuggested, on the basis of inadequate information, that farming, pottery making, and metallurgy all originated in ancient Egypt and diffused throughout the world. In fact, all of these cultural developments occurred separately at different times in many parts of the world.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)There is a marked difference between the education which everyone gets from living with others, and the deliberate educating of the young. In the former case the education is incidental; it is natural and important, but it is not the express reason of the association.(46) It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effectin enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive. Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off evil influences; family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity; systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc. (47) Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution. Even today, in our industrial life, apart from certain values of industriousness and thrift, the intellectual and emotional reaction of the forms of human association under which the world's work is carried on receives little attention as compared with physical output.But in dealing with the young, the fact of association itself as an immediate human fact, gains in importance. (48) While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults. The need of training is too evident; the pressure to accomplish a change in their attitude and habits is too urgent to leave these consequences wholly out of account. (49) Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or no we are forming the powers which will secure this ability.If humanity has made some headway in realizing that the ultimate value of every institution is its distinctively human effect we may well believe that this lesson has been learned largely through dealings with the young.(50) We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education -- that of direct tuition or schooling. In undeveloped social groups, we find very little formal teaching and training. These groups mainly rely for instilling needed dispositions into the young upon the same sort of association which keeps the adults loyal to their group.Section ⅢWritingPart A51. Directions:Restrictions on the use of plastic bags have not been so successful in some regions. "White pollution "is still going on. Write a letter to the editor(s) of your local newspaper togive your opinions briefly andmake two or three suggestionsYou should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.Part B52. Directions:In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSHWER SHEET 2. (20 points)2009年考研英语真题答案Section I: Use of English (10 points)Section II: Reading Comprehension (60 points)Part A (40 points)Part B (10 points)Part C (10 points)46. 虽然我们可以说衡量任何一个社会机构价值的标准是其在丰富和完善人生方面所起的作用，但这种作用并不是我们最初的动机的组成部分。

2009年南京大学英语专业(英美文学)真题试卷.doc

2009年南京大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷(总分：38.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、填空题(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.Author 1 Title 2Ten Thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________2.Author 1 Title 2It was now midnight, and my task was drawing to a close. I had completed the eighth, the ninth and the tenth tier. I had finished a portion of the last and the eleventh; there remained but a single stone to be fitted and plastered in.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________3.Author 1 Title 2Roger edged past the Chief, only just avoiding pushing him with his shoulder. The yelling ceased, and Samneric lay looking up in quiet terror. Roger advanced upon them as one wielding a nameless authority.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________4.Author 1 Title 2I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence;Tow roads diverged in a wood, and I—I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________5.Author 1 Title 2The two waiters inside the cafe knew that the old man was a little drunk, and while he was a good client they knew that if he became too drunk he would leave without paying, so they kept watch on him.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________6.Author 1 Title 2Uncle Oscar took both Bassett and Paul into Richmond Park for an afternoon, and there they talked.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________7.Author 1 Title 2He decided to rest her in a clump of trees during the afternoon, and push onward under cover of darkness. At dusk Clare purchased food as usual, and their night march began, the boundary between Upper and Mid-Wessex being crossed about eight o" clock.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________8.Author 1 Title 2What thoughts I have of you tonight, Walt Whitman, for I walked down the sidestreets under the trees with a headache self-conscious looking at the full moon.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________9.Author 1 Title 2I would not have gone back to Joe now, I would not have gone back to Biddy now, for any consideration: simply, I suppose, because my sense of my own worthless conduct to them was greater than every consideration.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________10.Author 1 Title 2And though your graciousness might stream,And I contrive,Grandmother, stones are nothing of homeTo that spumiest dove.Against both bar and tower the black sea runs.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________二、问答题(总题数：5，分数：16.00)11.What does "Araby" mean? Discuss its significance as the tide of the story.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.What is the symbolic meaning of the tiger in William Blake" s "The Tyger" ?（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________13.Emerson states; "Let a man then know his worth, and keep things under his feet. " This indicates the author" s belief in real virtue. Please make comments on this line.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.Why did F. Scott Fitzgerald use "great" to modify the protagonist" s name Gatsby in the title of his novel The Great Gatsby?（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ Moon Landing It" s natural the Boys should whoop it up for so huge a phallic triumph, an adventure it would not have occurred to women to think worth while, made possible onlybecause we like huddling in gangs and knowing the exact time: yes, our sex may in fairness hurrah the deed, although the motives that primed it were somewhat less than menschlich.A grand gesture. But what does it period? What does it osse? We were always adroiter with objects than lives, and more facile at courage than kindness; from the moment the first flint was flaked this landing was merely a matter of time. But our selves, like Adam" s, still don" t fit us exactly, modernonly in this—Our lack of decorum.Homer" s heroes were certainly no braver than our Trio, but more fortunate: Hector was excused the insult of having his valor covered by television.Worth going to see? I can well believe it. Worth seeing? Mneh! I once rode through a desert and was not charmed: give me a watered lively garden, remote from blatherersabout the New, the von Brauns and their ilk, where on August mornings I can count the morning glories where to die has a meaning, and no engine can shift my perspective.Unsmudged, thank God, my Moon still queens the Heavensas She ebbs and fulls, a Presence to glop at,Her Old Man, made of grit not protein,still visits my Austrian severalwith His old detachment, and the old warningsstill have power to scare me: Hybris comes toan ugly finish, Irreverenceis a greater oaf than Superstition.Our apparatniks will continue makingthe usual squalid mess called History:all we can pray for is that artists,chefs and saints may still appear to blithe it.(1969)（分数：8.00）(1).What does the speaker mean in lines 1 -4? Do you agree with these sentiments?(4%)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (2).Besides being a satellite or a celestial body, what else does the moon suggest?(2%)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (3).What does the speaker think of science and technology? Does his opinion conform to or conflict with your ideas about the American space program?(4%)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (4).In the poem, the poet questions the wisdom of the 1969 moon landing. Write a short essay in which you discuss whether the United States should or should not continue space exploration.(10%)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________三、评论题(总题数：1，分数：2.00)15.Essay Question.(50 %) Bildunsroman refers to "novel of formation" or "novel of education". The subject of Bildunsroman, according to M. H. Abrams, is "the development of the protagonist" s mind and character, in the passage from childhood through varied experiences—and often through a spiritual crisis—into maturity, which usually involves recognition of one" s identity and role in the world". Choose a typical Bildunsroman you have read, and write a critical essay.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________。

《美国文学》期末考试试卷A卷答案暨评分标准

湖州师范学院 2009 — 2010 学年第一学期《美国文学》期末考试试卷A卷答案暨评分标准适用班级060511-3 考试时间120 分钟Ⅰ. Choose TEN of the following works and write the names of the authors. (1*10=10%)1.Frank Norris2.Stephen Crane3.Sinclair Lewis4.Jack London5.Washington Irving6.Willa Cather7.Robert Frost8.Benjamin Franklin9.William Faulkner10.Nathaniel Hawthorne11.Thomas Jefferson12.Washington Irving13.Ralph Waldo Emerson14.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow15.Harriet Beecher Stowe16.Mark Twin17.Theodore Dreiser18.T.S. Eliot19.Ernest Hemingway20.Eugene O’NeillⅡ. Choose FIVE of the following and fill in the blanks. (2*5=10%)1.John Smith2.Thomas Paine3.“founding fathers”4.Gothic Fiction5.Emily Dickenson6.John Smith7.Philip Freneau8.Washington Irving9.Edgar Allan Poe10.Picaresque novelⅢ. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. (2*15=30%)IV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (1*10=10%)V. Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage 11.Ezra Pound (1)2.In A Station of the Metro (1)3.Answer should comment on the parallel between the “modern” im agery(description of urban crowds and transportation, loneliness) of the firstline and the traditional “Oriental” imagery (budding flowers on a tree,wetness) of the second line. (2)4.What is the effect of the parallel between lines one and two of the poem?Describe the stylistic result of the parallel and the feelings it evokes (2)Passage 21.This part if from the short story “A Clean Well Light Room” written byErnest Hemingway. (2)2.Describe the old man’s character and relate it to the nihilist philosop hyexpressed in the story. (2)3.What does the young waiter think of the old man (and why) and howdoes he treat him? Describe the young man’s character, his lack ofunderstanding of the old man and the significance of how he treats theold man as described in the story. (3)Passage 31.Walden (1)2.Henry David Thoreau (1)3.Find the answer from the passage. (5)Passage 41.The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne.(2)2.life and liberty.(5)Passage 51.Annabel Lee.(1)2.Edgar Allan Poe. (1)3.repetition or refrains.(4)Passage 61.Upon the Burning of Our House, Anne Bradstreet.(2)2.One's real house is in heaven, built by the great architect, God. (5) VI. Choose TWO of the following and Comment on them. (20%)1. Robert Frost’s The Road Not Taken. (10%)•This poem is written in classic five-line stanzas, with the rhyme scheme a-b-a-a-b and conversational rhythm. The poem seems to be about thepoet, walking in the woods in autumn, choosing which road he shouldfollow on his walk. In reality, it concerns the important decisions whichone must make in life, when one must give up one desirable thing inorder to possess another. Then, whatever the outcome, one must acceptthe consequences of one' s choice for it is not possible to go back andhave another chance to choose differently.•In the poem, the poet hesitates for a long time, wondering which road to take, because they are both pretty. In the end, he follows the one whichseems to have fewer travelers on it. Symbolically, he chose to follow anunusual, solitary life; perhaps he was speaking of his choice to become apoet rather than some commoner profession. But he always remembersthe road which he might have taken, and which would have given him adifferent kind of life.2. Eugene O' Neill’s Long Day's Journey into Night. (10%)•Long Day's Journey into Night is somewhat autobiographical. The Tyrones of the play are in fact modeled on the Eugene O' Neill family.The four major characters include James Tyrone, the father, a famousactor, anxious to become rich at the expense of his own talent; MaryTyrone, the mother, a drug addict; Jamie Tyrone, their elder son, andEdmund Tyrone, their younger son. The Mother becomes mentally illbecause she is extremely unhappy with her married life. Young Jamieloses faith in life, while Edmund the wanderer comes back withtuberculosis. All the four suffer frustrations and wish to escape from theharsh reality, James and Jamie look for solace in their cups, while Maryand Edmund seek the protection of the fog which they hope wouldscreen them from the intrusion of the world outside. They meet in theliving room of the family' s summer home at 8:30 a. m. of a day inAugust, 1912, and torment one another and themselves until midnight.The father is angry with the mother for her drug addiction, the motherwith his sons for being good for nothing, and the sons with their parentsfor not being good parents. All are torn in a war between love and hate,and no one is sure which is the stronger emotion. Life is too painful forthem even to try and make sense of it. Edmund ' s desperate advice inface of the horrible burden of Time weighing on people ' s shoulders andcrushing them to the earth is to lose feeling in their cups and stay alwaysdrunk. Thus the long day journeys into night when the tragedy of thefamily is finally enacted. No relief is felt, no light is seen, and all ends inthe engulfing darkness.•In a figurative sense, Long Day' s Journey into Night is a metaphor for Eugene 0' Neill' s lifelong endeavor to find truth and the way toacceptance. The former he found, namely, the faithless, fragmentarynature of modern life, whereas the latter he did not; for him all passedinto night. In despair Eugene O' Neill thought of the old God of theCatholic church on which, it is ironical to not, he had turned his backlong before.3. Talk about Adgar Allan Poe's social outlook and writings （10%）●Poe admired aristocratic society，distrusted the leveling tendency ofdemocracy, and expressed contempt for uplift movements of progress（提高社会地位的进步运动）.He deplored America's increasing industrialization.In his more sardonic comments on democracy, he says that it amounts to the tyranny "of a mob." He could be associated with those literary men in the 1840's and 1850's，who became, in M elville's words , "isolates（孤僻者，与世隔绝者）, " who were (at least in theory)divorced from society. Yet Poe's criticism of contemporary America cut deeper than that of his contemporaries, causing an isolation more nearly absolute than theirs (see Hawthorne). He was more interested in redeeming and refining language.He was called the "great literary engineer."●Poe also dramatizes for us what has been called the demonic side of thenineteenth century. His tales are filled with assassination and non-escape ,with violence and death. Many of his characters are obsessed with a fear of death. Some of them strive to come back from the tomb;others are terrified of being buried alive or in fact are buried alive like Madeline in "The Fall of the House of Usher. "The two obsessions are part of a general fear of retaining consciousness in a world that is dead.●Poe was preoccupied with the disintegration of culture, with decadence. Hegives us a vision of "dehumanized man." Poe’s characters are dead to the world, machines of sensation and will. They are not willing to live in their own skins. For Poe's characters, the body is a mere machine. It refuses to be reconciled to the flesh and its mortal fate.●As a consequence , Poe's characters insist on living with an intensity andfear that has no relation to the limitations imposed by biological and physical laws. They do not seem to eat or drink ,they do not work.Occasionally they read or play on musical instruments. They are constantly musing about their lives. They speak to each other intensely and withpassion. They live only in their heads—all a matter of intellect and imagination.●Poe's typical heroines are usually afflicted with mysterious diseases. Theyvisibly waste away before their lovers’ eyes. Their lovers or husbands can see that they are perishing and the heroines themselves are thoroughly aware of it, but the process cannot be halted. But they are not willing to let go of their lovers.●His characters fear the final moment, which constantly threatens them whilethey are alive, since they have no contact with the world of nature or with religion, being just sheer intelligence which is not connected with anything providing life or spiritual fulfillment. One critic has written :"Poe is not interested in anything that is alive. Everything in Poe is dead —the houses, the rooms, the furniture." Death is a predominant theme of Poe's poetry.The setting of "The Raven," his most celebrated poem, is like that of his tales : the unhappy, unresolved lover sits in an elaborately furnished room, trying to find peace from sorrow in his books and conducting a curious dialogue with his midnight visitant ,a black, deathlike symbol—the raven.Death is also the theme of the curious poem, "Ulalume(尤拉鲁姆)" and "The City in the Sea. "Some literary critics suggest that Poe’s intention was to recognize the impulse,always kept hidden, to kill, even to do violence to one's own nature.●Yet if the world of Poe's imagination is haunted by death and if the tales inparticular seem morbid and obsessed, why did they appeal to the audience of Poe's day? And can they have anything to say to us? The answer would have to be that in spite of their fantastic character they do，at some level, reveal what was going on in the psyche of nineteenth century man.Something like a disintegration of personality was occurring in Poe's life time, and the strange horrors that Poe described produced some echoes in the thoughts of his contemporaries. His audience had a craving for the sensational and the shocking. Writers and sensitive thinkers saw man as spiritually gutted),being pushed into an insane, inhuman world created by the rapidly growing process of industrialization.●Strangely enough, however, Poe had a fascination with the power of reason,despite his emphasis on the irrational. In stories like "The Murders in the Rue Morgue" and "The Purloined Letter , " reason is applied to the solution of a baffling crime. Even a few of Poe's tales of nightmare terror come to happy endings precisely because the hero can think his way through a problem. Though the hero of "The Pit and the Pendulum" cannot, by hisunaided efforts, save himself from the death intended for him, he uses his head to keep himself alive until help from the outside comes. In fact, one kind of Poe's characters must be those who are forced to fall back on the resources of one's mind.●Just as he was fascinated with the process of reason, Poe was interested inthe deviousness(曲折) of the human soul. He placed emphasis on how the unconscious motivates human beings, not unlike the Romantics of his day, but to a greater extent. Unlike the Romantics, Poe examined irrational drives; he wanted to bring reason to bear on areas which, in his time, were regarded as lying beyond its boundaries or else were ignored altogether. In other words, Poe used his reason to discover the source of the irrational.This is especially evident in "Tell-Tale Heart."●Poe's tragic life and his concentration on death were his extreme and poeticresponse to that which was elaborated upon, in naturalistic terms, fifty years later. He was unusually sensitive to the world of his own day, affected by it intensely ，causing his isolation. Though he wanted to find his place in a traditional society, his failure to do so may well have heightened his sense of lonely individualism. It is this sense of alienation which has carried itself through the greatest of literature in America.4. C omment on Hawthorne’s style.（10%）●His style is also noteworthy for his frequent use of images. Metaphors andsimiles abound, most of them stirringly fresh and effective. He makes skillful use of colors as a means for conveying mood. Black ,red and gray predominate.●Hawthorne's sentences, like his language, show the effects of his long yearsof study and practice in writing. There are few of the awkward sentences which may be found in Cooper. The sentences may appear, to a twentieth century reader, to be too consistently long. But they were not abnormally long for their day. In the most complex sentences ,however, grammatical subordination is employed with sufficient logic and variety to make the writing smooth and clear.●Another reflection of the times in which Hawthorne wrote is seen in hispunctuation. Many of his works are over-punctuated, by modern standards;there are superfluous commas, excessive dashes, and far too many exclamation points. In most cases his words are forceful enough to achievethe emphasis he desires, and the attempt to show such emphasis by using exclamation points is not necessary. But Hawthorne cannot be condemned for following the mechanical conventions of his day.●Hawthorne depends heavily on summarized historical narrative, but linksscenes dramatically. Occasionally, he will interrupt his works to address the reader directly, with some comment on the story, some piece of background information, or a brief moral essay.● A characteristic device of Hawthorne’s，which is employed several timesin The Scarlet Letter, is the "optional reading, " Hawthorne uses concrete objects as well as characters to serve as his symbols. He concentrates on a few main symbols repeated often in the story, and uses the fluidity of character development to illustrate the ways in which symbols grow and change based upon one's perception of them.。

2009年四川大学英语专业(英美文学)真题试卷答案

一、单项选择题1 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】《父子之间》是奈保尔著名的家庭书信集，堪与《傅雷家书》媲美。

2 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 1904年建立的The Abbey Theatre可以说是爱尔兰戏剧复兴的摇篮，叶芝、格雷戈里夫人、辛格和奥凯西都是爱尔兰文艺复兴运动的中坚力量。

Sartor Resartus(《旧衣新裁》或《衣裳哲学》)是维多利亚时代著名的苏格兰评论家、讽刺作家和历史学家ThomasCarlyle(托马斯·卡莱尔)的作品，和爱尔兰戏剧复兴运动并没有直接关系。

3 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 Romance是中世纪非常流行的一种文体，描写的是骑士们的爱情和冒险故事。

4 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】作为玄学派的代表诗人，约翰·多恩以其奇妙大胆的想象和暗喻著称。

5 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】这两行诗的意思是：我突然看见一簇簇、一丛丛金黄的水仙。

“host”在诗中指的是大量、很多。

6 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】梭罗是美国先验主义作家之一，其代表作是Walden(《瓦尔登湖》)。

选项A《厄舍古屋的倒塌》是Edgar Allan Poe(爱伦·坡)的作品；选项B 《塞拉斯·拉帕姆的发迹》是William Dean Howells(豪威尔斯)的小说；选项D《睡谷传奇》的作者是Washington，Irving(华盛顿·欧文)。

7 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】《马丁·伊登》是杰克·伦敦非常著名的一部小说。

选项A《红色英勇勋章》是StephenCrane(斯蒂芬·克莱恩)的作品；选项B《章鱼》是Frank Norris(弗兰克·诺里斯)的代表作；选项C《镀金时代》是Mark Twain(马克·吐温)的第一部长篇小说。

8 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】“奴隶的梦”是朗费罗的一首名诗。

选项A“乌鸦”是爱伦·坡的名诗；选项B的作者是艾米丽·狄金森；选项C是Philip Freneau(菲利普·弗雷诺)的一首诗。

大连外国语学院英语学术型硕士研究生初试复习资料英美文学(2009)

2009年英美文学考研真题（诗歌部分）一、填空题1.Geoffrey Chaucer‟s work _______________________ gives us a picture of thecondition of English English life of his day, such as its work and play, its deeds and dreams, its fun and sympathy.Answer: The Canterbury Tales2.Byron is chiefly known for his two long poems. One is Childe Harold’sPilgrimage, the other is _____________.Answer: Don Juan3.The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock was written by________________. Answer: Thomas Stearns EliotThe Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock by T.S.EliotS'io credesse che mia risposta fosseA persona che mai tornasse al mondo,Questa fiamma staria senza piu scosse.Ma per ciò che giammai di questo fondoNon tornò vivo alcun, s'i' odo il vero,Senza tema d'infamia ti rispondo.Let us go then, you and I,When the evening is spread out against the skyLike a patient etherised upon a table;Let us go, through certain half-deserted streets,The muttering retreatsOf restless nights in one-night cheap hotelsAnd sawdust restaurants with oyster-shells:Streets that follow like a tedious argumentOf insidious intentTo lead you to an overwhelming question ...Oh, do not ask, "What is it?"Let us go and make our visit.In the room the women come and goTalking of Michelangelo.The yellow fog that rubs its back upon the windowpanes,The yellow smoke that rubs its muzzle on the windowpanesLicked its tongue into the corners of the evening,Lingered upon the pools that stand in drains,Let fall upon its back the soot that falls from chimneys, Slipped by the terrace, made a sudden leap,And seeing that it was a soft October night,Curled once about the house, and fell asleep.And indeed there will be timeFor the yellow smoke that slides along the street Rubbing its back upon the window-panes;There will be time, there will be timeTo prepare a face to meet the faces that you meet;There will be time to murder and create,And time for all the works and days of handsThat lift and drop a question on your plate;Time for you and time for me,And time yet for a hundred indecisions,And for a hundred visions and revisions,Before the taking of a toast and tea.In the room the women come and goTalking of Michelangelo.And indeed there will be timeTo wonder, "Do I dare?" and, "Do I dare?"Time to turn back and descend the stair,With a bald spot in the middle of my hair--(They will say: "How his hair is growing thin!")My morning coat, my collar mounting firmly to the chin, My necktie rich and modest, but asserted by a simple pin-- (They will say: "But how his arms and legs are thin!")Do I dareDisturb the universe?In a minute there is timeFor decisions and revisions which a minute will reverse. For I have known them all already, known them all-- Have known the evenings, mornings, afternoons,I have measured out my life with coffee spoons;I know the voices dying with a dying fallBeneath the music from a farther room.So how should I presume?And I have known the eyes already, known them all-- The eyes that fix you in a formulated phrase,And when I am formulated, sprawling on a pin,When I am pinned and wriggling on the wall,Then how should I beginTo spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways?And how should I presume?And I have known the arms already, known them all--Arms that are braceleted and white and bare(But in the lamplight, downed with light brown hair!)Is it perfume from a dressThat makes me so digress?Arms that lie along a table, or wrap about a shawl.And should I then presume?And how should I begin?. . . . .Shall I say, I have gone at dusk through narrow streetsAnd watched the smoke that rises from the pipesOf lonely men in shirt-sleeves, leaning out of windows? . . .I should have been a pair of ragged clawsScuttling across the floors of silent seas.. . . . .And the afternoon, the evening, sleeps so peacefully! Smoothed by long fingers,Asleep . . . tired . . . or it malingers,Stretched on the floor, here beside you and me.Should I, after tea and cakes and ices,Have the strength to force the moment to its crisis?But though I have wept and fasted, wept and prayed,Though I have seen my head (grown slightly bald) brought in upon a platter,I am no prophet--and here's no great matter;I have seen the moment of my greatness flicker,And I have seen the eternal Footman hold my coat, and snicker, And in short, I was afraid.And would it have been worth it, after all,After the cups, the marmalade, the tea,Among the porcelain, among some talk of you and me, Would it have been worth while,To have bitten off the matter with a smile,To have squeezed the universe into a ballTo roll it towards some overwhelming question,To say: "I am Lazarus, come from the dead,Come back to tell you all, I shall tell you all"--If one, settling a pillow by her head,Should say: "That is not what I meant at all.That is not it, at all."And would it have been worth it, after all,Would it have been worth while,After the sunsets and the dooryards and the sprinkled streets,After the novels, after the teacups, after the skirts that trail along the floor-- And this, and so much more?--It is impossible to say just what I mean!But as if a magic lantern threw the nerves in patterns on a screen:Would it have been worth whileIf one, settling a pillow or throwing off a shawl,And turning toward the window, should say:"That is not it at all,That is not what I meant, at all.". . . . .No!I am not Prince Hamlet, nor was meant to be;Am an attendant lord, one that will doTo swell a progress, start a scene or two,Advise the prince; no doubt, an easy tool,Deferential, glad to be of use,Politic, cautious, and meticulous;Full of high sentence, but a bit obtuse;At times, indeed, almost ridiculous--Almost, at times, the Fool.I grow old . . . I grow old . . .I shall wear the bottoms of my trousers rolled.Shall I part my hair behind?Do I dare to eat a peach?I shall wear white flannel trousers, and walk upon the beach.I have heard the mermaids singing, each to each.I do not think that they will sing to me.I have seen them riding seaward on the wavesCombing the white hair of the waves blown backWhen the wind blows the water white and black.We have lingered in the chambers of the seaBy sea-girls wreathed with seaweed red and brownTill human voices wake us, and we drown.二、选择题1. the following selection is taken from ______.A. Robert BurnsB. William ShakespeareC. Geoffrey ChaucerD. Robert BrowningWhen the sweet showers of April fall and shootDown through the drought of March of pierce the root,Bathing every vein in liquid powerFrom which there springs the engendering of the flower,When also Zephyrus with his sweet breathExhales an air in every groove and heathUpon the tender shoots, and the young sunHis half-course in the sign of the Ram has run,And the small fowls are making melodyThat sleep away the night with open eye(So nature picks them and their heart engages)The people long to seek the stranger strandsOf far-off saints, hallowed in sundry lands…Answer: C, 本节选自Geoffrey Chaucer的The Canterbury Tales2. The following is ____written by William Shakespeare.A. an epic poemB. a Lyrical balladC. a sonnetD. a metaphysical poemShall I compare thee to a summer‟s day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate.Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer‟s lease hath all too short a date:Sometimes too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed;And every fair from fair sometimes declines,By chance, or nature‟s changing co urse, untrimmed:But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest;Nor shall death brag thou wanderest in his shadeWhen in eternal lines to time thou growest.So long as men can breath or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.Answer: C, 选自Shakespeare的sonnet 18.4.The following excerpt is taken from a poem written by_____.A.Robert BurnsB.Bernard ShawC.Robert FrostD.Carl SandburgShould auld acquaintance be forgot,And never brought to mind?Should auld acquaintance be forgot,And auld lang syne?For auld lang syne, my dear,For auld lang syne,We‟ll tak a cup o‟kindness yet,For auld lang syne.Answer: A. 本节选自苏格兰著名诗人Robert Burns的Auld Lang Syne (《友谊地久天长》).原文如下：Auld Lang SyneChorusFor auld lang syne, my dear,For auld lang syne,We‟ll tak a cup o‟kindness yet,For auld lang syneShould auld acquaintance be forgot,And never brought to mind?Should auld acquaintance be forgot,And auld lang syne?And surely ye‟ll be your pint-stowp,And surely I‟ll be mine,We‟ll tak a cup o‟kindness yet,For auld lang syne!We twa hae run about the braes,And pou‟d the gowans fine,But we‟ve wander‟d monie a weary fit,Sin‟ auld lang syne.We twa hae paidl‟d in the burnFrae morning sun till dine,But seas betwee n us braid hae roar‟d,Sin‟ auld lang syne.And there‟s a hand, my trusty fiere,And gie‟s a hand o‟thine;And we‟ll tak a right guid-willie waught,For auld lang syne.5.The phrase “graveyard school” designates a group of 18th century British poetswho wrote long poems on death and immortality. The works of all of the following are associated with “graveyard school” EXCEPTA.James ThompsonB.Thomas GrayC.Edward Y oungD.Robert BlairAnswer: D6.The influence of the “graveyard school” was first reflected in America in which ofthe following?A.Longfellow‟s The jewish Cemetery at NewportB.Philip Freneau‟s The House of NightC.Edward Taylor‟s A fig for Thee Oh! DeathD.Phillis Wheatley‟s An Hymn to the EveningAnswer: B7.The following excerpt was selected from a poem by____.A.William ShakespeareB.Geoffrey ChaucerC.Edmund SpencerD.John DonneDeath be not proud, though some have called theeMighty and dreadful, for, thou art not soe,For, those, whom thou think‟st, thou dost overthrow,Die riot, poore death, nor yet canst thou kill mee.From rest and sleepe, which but thy pictures bee,Much pleasure, then from thee, much more must flow,And soonest our best men with thee doe goe,Rest of their bones, and souls deliverie.Answer: D.本节选自John Donne的Death Be Not Proud. 原文如下：Death Be Not ProudDeath be not proud, though some have called theeMighty and dreadfull, for, thou art not so,For, those, whom thou think'st, thou dost overthrow,Die not, poore death, nor yet canst thou kill me.From rest and sleepe, which but thy pictures bee,Much pleasure, then from thee, much more must flow,And soonest our best men with thee doe goe,Rest of their bones, and soules deliverie.Thou art slave to Fate, Chance, kings, and desperate men,And dost with poyson, warre, and sicknesse dwell,And poppie, or charmes can make us sleepe as well,And better then thy stroake; why swell'st thou then?One short sleepe past, wee wake eternally,And death shall be no more, death, thou shalt die.8.The following poem was written by _____.A.John KeatsB.William BlakeC.Emily DickinsonD.Edgar Allan PoeAnd the Raven, never flitting, still is sitting, still is sittingOn the pallid bust of Pallas just above my chamber door;And his eyes have all the seeming of a demon‟s that is dreaming.And the lamp-light o‟er him strea ming throws his shadow on the Floor;And my soul from out that shadow that lies floating on the floorShall be lifted-nevermore!Answer: D. 本节选自Edgar Allan Poe的The Raven。

(空白A卷)09级英语本科主要英语国家文学史及文学作品选读2期末考试卷VA

2011—2012学年第二学期闽江学院考试试卷考试课程：主要英语国家文学史及文学作品选读2 试卷类别：A 卷☑ B 卷□ 考试形式：闭卷☑ 开卷□ 适用专业年级：09英语，09英教班级姓名学号 I. Multiple choice. (20 %) 1. “God help them that help themselves ” is found in work. A. Paine’s B. Franklin ’s C. Freneau ’s D. Jefferson ’s 2. Which is not connected with Thomas Paine? A. Common Sense B. The American Crisis C. The Rights of Man D. The Autobiography 3. Who was c onsidered as the “Poet of American Revolution”? A. Anne Bradstreet. B. Edward Taylor. C. Michael Wigglesworth. D. Philip Freneau. 4. In Rip Van Winkle , which is written by _______, Rip falls into sleep for 20 years, during which the Revolutionary War takes place. A. Mark Twain B. Washington Irving C. William D. Howells D. Theodore Dreiser 5. The New England Transcendentalism was from the very beginning a local phenomenon restricted only to those people living in New England, who carried outthe movement as a reaction against the cold, rigid rationalism of _________ in Boston.A. ClassicismB. CalvinismC. UnitarianismD. Puritanism6. Henry David Thoreau's work, _____, has always been regarded as a masterpiece of New England Transcendentalism.A.WaldenB. The pioneersC. NatureD. Song of Myself7. “Standing on the bare ground,—my head bathed by the blithe air, and uplifted into infinite space,—all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eye-ball. I am nothing. I see all. The currents of the Universal Being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God.” The above passage is taken from ______.A. Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s CabinB. Cooper’s “Leatherstocking Tales ”C. Emerson’s “Nature ”D. Dreiser’s Sister Carrie8. The Birthmark drives home symbolically ______ point that evil is a man's birthmark, something he was born with.A. Whitman'sB. Melville'sC. Hawthorne'sD. Emerson's9. _______, Melville’s masterpiece, is regarded as the first American prose epic.A. TypeeB. OmooC. White JacketD. Moby Dick10. As a great innovator in American literature, Walt Whitman wrote his poetry in an unconventional style which is now called free verse that is ______.A. lyrical poetry with chanting refrainsB. poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme schemeC. poetry without rhymes at the end of the lines but with a fixed beatD. poetry in an irregular metric form and expressing noble feelings11. Which of the following indicates a permanent convention of American literature which is evident in both of Cooper’s Leather-stocking Tales and Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn?A. The desire for an escape from society and a return to nature.B. The desire to push forward to the west frontier.C. The self-reliance and independence of the individual.D. Both A and B.12. ______ is one of the three world-known masters of short novels, with the other two De Maupassant and Chekhov.A. Mark TwainB.O.HenryC. Jack LondonD. Henry James13. Which of the following is not written by Jack London?A. The Sea WolfB. The Call of the WildC. Adam BedeD. White Fang14. After the First World War, a group of expatriate writers in American modern literature were later called “_________” .A. The Beat GenerationB. The Lost GenerationC. The Jazz GenerationD. The Modern Generation15. To Hemingway, man’s greatest achievement is to show ______.A. bravery before dangerB. grace under pressureC. encouragement under pressureD. optimism under pressure16. As to Ezra Pound, which of the following statements is not correct?A. His artistic talents are on full display in the history of the Imagist Movement.B. For he was politically controversial and notorious for what he did in the wartime, his literary achievement and influence are somewhat reduced.C. From his analysis of the Chinese ideogram Pound learned to anchor his poetic language in concrete, perceptual reality, and to organize images into larger patterns through juxtaposition.D. His language is usually oblique yet marvelously compressed and his poetry is dense with personal, literary, and historical allusions.17. In ________, Robert Frost compares life to a journey, and he is doubtful whetherhe will regret his choice or not when he is old, because the choice has made all the difference.A. “After Apple-Picking”B. “The Road Not Taken”C. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”D. “Fire and Ice”18. The publication of The Waste Land, written by ______ helped to establish amodern tradition of literature rich with learning and allusive thought.A. T. S. EliotB. Robert FrostC. Ezra PoundD. William Faulkner19. As Fitzgerald’s writing sty le is concerned, which of the following is right ?A. His diction and metaphors are partially original and details accurate.B. The scenic method is employed, each of which consists of one or more dramaticscenes.C. His intervening passages of narration leave the tedious process of transition to theauthor’s imagination.D. The author dropped off the device of having events observed by a “centralconsciousness.”20. John Steinbeck is a novelist of the 1930s. His novel _______ is a record of the lifeof the dispossessed and the wretched farmers during The Great Depression.A. The Grapes of WrathB. The Waste LandC. The Sun Also RisesD. The Sound and the FuryII. True or false (Please mark T OR F) (10 %)( ) 21. John Cotton and Roger Williams the colonial Puritan.( ) 22. “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal...”The sentence is cited from The American Crisis.( ) 23. James Fennimore Cooper launched two kinds of immensely popular stories: the sea adventure tale and the frontier saga.( ) 24. To a Waterfowl and The Raven were written by William Cullen Bryant.( ) 25. Edgar Allan Poe is father of many things, one of which is psychoanalytic criticism, the other being the detective story.( ) 26. Walden and American Scholar are Henry David Thoreau’s masterpieces.( ) 27. The most scholarly of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow’s writings is his translation of Dante’s Divine Comedy.( ) 28. Sister Carrie, Theodore Dreiser’s first nov el, was a best-seller upon its publication.( ) 29. Puritanism and Calvinistic doctrine have great effects on Hawthorne’s writing.( ) 30. A Rose for Emily, written by Wallace Stevens, depicts a woman who refused to adapt to changes of time.III. Define the following terms. (30 %)31. Stream of consciousness32. American Naturalism33. SymbolismIV. Poem appreciation and segment(20 %)34.I heard a Fly buzz- when I died-The Stillness in the RoomWas like the Stillness in the Air-Between the Heaves of Storm-The Eyes around- had wrung them dry-And Breaths were gathering firmFor that last Onset- when the KingBe witnessed - in the Room-Questions:1). Identify the poet.2). What does “the King” refer to?3). What moment is the poem trying to describe?第3页35.Hester Prynne’s term of confinement was now at an end. Her prison—door was thrown open，and she came forth into the sunshine which，falling on all alike，seemed，to her sick and morbid heart，as if meant for no other purpose than to reveal the scarlet letter on her breast．Perhaps there was a more real torture in her first unattended footsteps from the threshold of the prison，than even in the procession and spectacle that have been described，where she was made the common infamy，at which all mankind was summoned to point its finger．Then，she was supported by an unnatural tension of the nerves，and by all the combative energy of her character，which enabled her to convert the scene into a kind of lurid triumph．Questions：1）Which novel is this selection taken from? What is the name of the novelist?2）What are the symbolic meanings of the scarlet letter on Hester’s breast?V. Comments. (20 %)36.What kind of man is Hemingway’s hero? What is special of his writing style? Analyz e “The Hemingway Code Hero” and his principle of iceberg.2011—2012学年第二学期闽江学院《主要英语国家文学史以及作品选读2》考试试卷A卷答案以及评分标准ⅠMultiple Choice. ( 20 %) 每小题1分，共20分。

2009学年春季学期A

2009学年春季学期《外国文学（二）》课程考试试卷(A 卷)注意：1、本试卷共 1页； 2、考试时间: 110 分钟 3、姓名、学号必须写在指定地方一、填空题 (每空1 分，共30 分)1.英国最早的浪漫主义作家是“湖畔派”诗人（）、（）和（），第二代浪漫主义诗人是（）、（）和（）。

2.法国浪漫主义运动领袖是（），其论著（）是法国浪漫主义宣言。

3．德国浪漫主义的两个文学团体是（）和（）。

4．司汤达的小册子（）被后世称为现实主义的宣言书。

5．英国19世纪代表性的女性小说家有（）、（）和（），其代表作分别为（）、（）和（）。

6. 托马斯·哈代的小说可以分为三类：（）、（）和（）。

7. 19世纪著名的短篇小说家有法国的（）、美国的（）和俄国的（），其代表作分别是（）、（）和（）。

8. 列宁说托尔斯泰是“（）的一面镜子”。

车尔尼雪夫斯基概括托尔斯泰的人物心理描写特点为（“ ”）。

9、艾米尔·左拉是自然主义的领袖，他的代表作（）是继巴尔扎克的《人间喜剧》之后的又一座文学丰碑。

10、王尔德的（）取材于《圣经》，其女主人公被评论家认为是一个“永恒的歇斯底里的女神”、“无边欲望的化身”。

二、名词解释：（每小题5分，共20分）1、拜伦式英雄2、世纪病3、自然派4、多余人四、简答题：（每小题12分，共24分）1、简要介绍巴尔扎克的《人间喜剧》。

2、简述托尔斯泰的创作特点。

五、论述题：（二选一， 26分）1、在19世纪西方文学中选取代表性的几位作家，分析其作品中“人道主义思想”的异同。

2、请谈谈你对高老头父性基督形象的理解。

全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题及答案

全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题I．Multiple Choice(40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement and write the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.1．In Renaissance, the European humanist thinkers and scholars made attempts to do the following EXCEPT ______.A．getting rid of those old feudalist ideasB. getting control of the parliament and governmentC．introducing new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisieD．recovering the purity of the early church, from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church2．The Petrarchan sonnet was first introduced into England by ______. A．SurreyB. WyattC．SidneyD．Shakespeare3．As the best of Shakespeare's final romances,______ is a typicalexample of his pessimistic view towards human life and society in his late years.A．The Tempest 暴风雨B. The Winter's Tale冬天的故事C．Cymbeline 辛白林D．The Rape of Lucrece 露易丝受辱记4．John Milton's greatest poetical work ______ is the only generally acknowledged epic in English literarure since Beowulf. A．AreopagiticaB. Paradise LostC．LycidasD．Samson Agonistes5．The British bourgeois or middle class believed in the following notions EXCEPT ______.A．self - esteem 自尊B. self – reliance自力更生C．self - restraint 自制D．hard work6．“Graveyard School”writers are the following sentimentalists EXCEPTA．James ThomsonB. William CollinsC．William CowperD．Thomas Jackson7．The best model of satire in the whole English literary history is Jonathan Swift's ______.A．A Modest ProposalB. A Tale of a TubC．Gulliver's TravelsD．The Battle of the Books8．As a representative of the Enlightenment,______ was one of the first to introduce rationalism to England.A．John BunyanB. Daniel DefoeC．Alexander PopeD．Jonathan Swift9．For his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel,______ has been regarded by some as “Father of the EnglishA．Daniel DefoeB. Henry FieldingC．Jonathan SwiftD．Samuel Richardson10．Which of the following descriptions of Gothic Novels is NOT correct?A．It predominated in the early eighteenth century.B. It was one phase of the Romantic movement.C．Its principal elements are violence, horror and the supernatural. D．Works like The Mysteries of Udolpho and Frankenstein are typical Gothic romance．11．“Byronic hero”is a figure of the following traits EXCEPT ______.A. being proudB. being of humble 卑微的originC. being rebelliousD．being mysterious12．Robert Browning created ______ by adopting the novelistic presentation of characters.A．the verse novelB. the blank verseC．the heroic coupletD．the dramatic poetry13．Charles Dickens' novel ______ is famous for its vivid descriptions of the workhouse and life of the underworld in the nineteenth- century London.A．The Pickwick PaperB. Oliver TwistC．David CopperfieldD．Nicholas Nickleby14．Charlotte Bronte's works are all about the struggle of an individual consciousness towards ______, about some lonely and neglected young women with a fierce longing for love, understanding and a full, happy life.A．self - relianceB. self - realizationC．self - esteemD．self - consciousness15．The symbolic meaning of “Book”in Robert Browning's long poem The Ring and the Book is ______.A．the common senseB. the hard truthC．the comprehensive knowledgeD．the dead truth16．Thomas Hardy's pessimistic view of life predominated most of his later works and earns him a reputation as a ______ writer.A．realisticB. naturalisticC．romanticD．stylistic17．After the First World War, there appeared the following literary trends of modernism EXCEPT ______.A．expressionismB. surrealismC．stream of consciousnessD．black humour18．The masterpieces of critical realism in the early 20th century are thethree trilogies of ______.A．Galsworthy's Forsyte novelsB. Hardy' s Wessex novelsC．Greene's Catholic novelsD．Woolf's stream-of-consciousness novels19．In the mid - 1950s and early 1960s, there appeared “______”who demonstrated a particular disillusion over the depressing situation in Britain and launched a bitter protest．against the outmoded social and political values in their society.A．The Beat GenerationB. The Lost GenerationC．The Angry Young MenD．Black Mountain Poets20.The following are English stream-of-consciousness novels EXCEPT ______.A. PilgrimageB. UlyssesC. Mrs.DallowayD．A Passage to Inida21．The leader of the Irish National Theater Movement in the early 20thcentury was ______.A．W.B.YeatsB. Lady GregoryC．J.M.SyngeD．John Galworthy22．T.S.Eliot's most popular verse play is ______.A．Murder in the CathedralB. The Cocktail PartyC．The Family ReunionD．The Waste Land23．The American writer ______ was awarded the Nobel Prize for the anti-racist In-truder in the Dust in 1950.A．Ernest HemingwayB. Gertrude SteinC．William Faulkner D. T.S．Eliot24．Hemingway's second big success is ______ , which wrote the epitaph to a decade and to the whole generation in the 1920s, in order to tell us a story about the tragic love affair of a wounded American soldier with a British nurse.A．For Whom the Bell TollsB. A Farewell to ArmsC．The Sun Also RisesD．The Old Man and the Sea25．With the publication of ______ , Dreiser was launching himself upon a long career that would ultimately make him one of the most significant American writers of the school later known as literary naturalism. A．Sister CarrieB. The TitanC．The GeniusD．The Stoic26．Henry James is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th -century “stream -of-consciousness”novels and the founder of ______. A．neoclassicismB. psychological心理的realismC．psychoanalytical精神分析criticismD．surrealism27．In 1849, Herman Melville published ______ ,a semi-autobiographical novel, con- cerning the sufferings of a genteel youth among brutal sailors.A．OmooB. MardiC．RedburnD．Typee28．As a sequel to The Adventures of Tom Sawyer,______ marks the climax of Mark Twain's literary activity.A．The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnB. Life on the MississippiC．The Gilded AgeD．Roughing It29．Realism was a reaction against ______ or a move away from the bias towards romance and self- creating fictions, and paved the way to Modernism.A．RomanticismB. RationalismC．Post-modernismD．Cynicism30．When World War II broke out,______ began working for the Italian government, engaged in some radio broadcasts of anti- Semitism and pro-Fascism.A．Ezra Pound B. T.S．EliotC．Henry James D．Robert Frost31．In 1915 ______ became a naturalized British citizen, largely in protest against America's failure to join England in the First World War. A．Henry James B. T.S.EliotC．W.D.Howells D．Ezra Pound32．What Whitman prefers for his new subject and new poetic feelings is “______ ,”that is, poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme. A．blank verseB. free rhythmC．balanced structureD．free verse33．The American woman poet ______ wanted to live simply as a complete independent being, and so she did, as a spinster.A．Emily ShawB. Anna DickinsonC．Emily DickinsonD．Anne Bret34．The Birthmark drives home symbolically ______ point that evil is a man's birthmark, something he was born with.A．Whitman'sB. Melville'sC．Hawthorne'sD．Emerson's35．The Financier ,The Titan and The Stoic written by ______ are called his “Trilogy of Desire”.A．Henry JamesB. Theodore DreiserC．Mark TwainD．Herman Melville36．Disregarding grammar and punctuation,______ always used “i”instead of “I”in his poems to show his protest against self-importance. A．Wallace StevensB. Ezra PoundC．Robert FrostD．E.E.Cummings37．Though Robert Frost is generally considered a regional poet whose subject matters mainly focus on the landscape and people in ______ , he wrote many poems that investigate the basic themes of man's life in his long poetic career.A．the westB. the southC．New EnglandD．Alaska38．Most critics have agreed that Fitzgerald is both an insider and an outsider of ______ with a double vision.A．the Gilded AgeB. the Rational AgeC．the Jazz AgeD．the Magic Age39．In the American Romantic writings,______ came to function almost as a dramatic character that symbolized moral law.A．fireB. waterC．treesD．wilderness40．The desire for an escape from society and a return to ______ became a permanent convention of the American literature.A．the family lifeB. natureC．the ancient timeD．fantasy of loveII．Reading Comprehension (16 points in all, 4 for each)Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English．Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.41．Wherefore feed and clothe and saveFrom the cradle to the graveThose ungrateful drones who wouldDrain your sweat- nay, drink your blood?Questions:A．Identify the poet and the title of the poem from which the stanza is taken. from percy shelley’s “men of England”B.What figure of speech is used in Line 2?metonymyC．Whom does “drones”refer to?Here “drones” refers to the parasitic class in human socity.42．The following quotation is from one of the poems by T．S．Eliot: No! I am not Prince Hamlet, nor was meant to be;Am an attendant lord, one that will doTo swell a progress, start a scene or twoAdvise the prince; no doubt, an easy tool,Deferential, glad to be of use,Politic, cautious, and meticulous,Full of high sentence, but a bit obtuse;Questions:A．Identify the title of the poem from which the quoted part is taken．The love song of J.Alfred PrufrockB.Who's the speaker of the quoted lines?J.Alfred PrufrockC．What does the first line show about the speaker?Prufrock is conscious of the fact that he is like hamlet in some respect. But he is sensible enough that he cant be compared with hamlet. 43．There was a child went forth every day,And the first object he look'd upon, that object he became,And that object became part of him for the day or a certain part of the day,Or for many years or stretching cycles of years.Questions:A．Identify the poet. Walt WhitmanB.From which poem and which collection of the poet are these lines taken?“ there was a child went forth” from “ leaves of grass”C.What does the poet describe in the poem?The poem describes the growth of a child who learned about the world around him and improved himself accordingly. In the poem, Whitman’s own early experience may well be identified with the childhood of a young, growing American.44．I heard a Fly buzz- when I died-The Stillness in the RoomWas like the Stillness in the Air-Between the Heaves of Storm-The Eyes around- had wrung them dry-And Breaths were gathering firmFor that last Onset- when the KingBe witnessed - in the Room-Questions:A．Identify the poet. Emily DickinsonB.What does “the King” refer to?The god of deathC．What moment is the poem trying to describe?The poem is trying to describe the moment of death.III．Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English．Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.45．List at least two leading neoclassicists in England．What did Neoclassicists celebrate in literary creation?A. Alexander pope, John Dryden, Samuel JohndonB. they believed that the artistic ideals should be order, logic, restrained emotion and accuracy and that literature should be judged in terms of its service to humanity. They seek proportion, unity, harmony and grace in literacy expression, in an effort to delight, instruct and correct human beings. Thus a polite, elegant, witty and intellectual art developed. 46．Jane Eyre is one of the most popular and important novels of the Victorian Age．Why is Jane Eyre such a successful novel?A. it is noted for its sharp criticism of the existing socity.B. it is an intense moral fable.C. the success of the novel is also due to its introduction to the English novel the first governess heroine.47．Who are the three dominant figures of the American Age of Realism and what are the differences in their understanding of the “truth”?A. William Dean Howells, Mark Twain, Henry James.B. Mark Twain and Howells seemed to have paid more attention to the“life”of the Ameicans. Howells focused his discussion on the rising middle class and the way they lived: Mark Twain preferred to have his own region and people at the forefront of his stories; Henry James had apparently laid a greater emphasis on the “ inner world” of man. 48．What's Dreiser' s naturalistic belief? Please discuss the question with Carrie, a character in Sister Carrie as an example.A. Dreiser believes that while men are controlled and conditioned by heredity, instinct and chance, a few extraordinary and unsophisticated human beings refuse to accept their fate wordlessly and instead strive, unsuccessfully, to find meaning and purpose for their existence.B. Carrie, as one of such, senses that she is merely a cipher in an uncaring world yet seeks to grasp the mysteries of life and thereby satisfies her desires for social status and material comfort, but in spite of her success, she is lonely and dissatisfied.IV．Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.49．Briefly discuss William Shakespeare's artistic achievements in characterization, plot construction and language.A. shakespeare’s major characters are neither merely individual ones nor type ones; they represent certain types; they are individuals representingcertain types. By employing a psychoanalytical approach, Shakespeare succeeds in exploring the characters’inner world. Shakespeare also portrays his characters in pairs. Contrasts are frequently used to bring vividness to his characters.B. Shakespeare seldom invents his own plot; instead, he borrows them from old plays or storybook, fron ancient Greek or Roman sources. In order to make the play more lively and compact, he would shorten the time and intensify the story. There are usually several clues running through the play, thus providing the story with the suspense and apprehension.C. Shakespeare can write skillfully in different poetic forms, such as the sonnet, the blank verse and the rhymed couplet. He has an amazing wealth of vocabulary and idiom. His coinage of new words and distortion of the meaning of the old words also creates striking effects on the readers.50．Briefly discuss Mark Twain's art of fiction in terms of the setting,the language, and the characters, etc.,based on his novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.A. Mark Twain uses the Mississippi V ally as his fictional kingdom, Writing about the landscape and people, the customs and the dialects of one particular region, and is therefore known as a local colorist.B. he creates life-like characters, especially the conventional HuckleberryFinn, who runs away from civilization and stands opposite to conventional morality.C. He uses a simple, direct vernacular language, totally different from any previous literary language. It is the kind of colloquial language belonging to the lower class, the living local American English.D. he has created a special humor to satirize social injustices and the decayed convention.。

美国文学史及选读试卷（A卷）包含评分标准及答案

美国⽂学史及选读试卷（A卷）包含评分标准及答案美国⽂学史及选读考试试题（卷）A卷院系：专业：考试科⽬：美国⽂学史及选读考试形式：闭卷考试时间：100 分钟姓名：学号：Directions: In this part of the test, there are 9 items and 10 blanks. Fill in the best answer on the Answer Sheet according to the knowledge you have learned.1.The first American literature was neither ____ nor really ____.2.Of the immigrants who came to America in the first threequarters of the seventeenth century, the overwhelmingmajority was _____.3.The English immigrants who settled on America’s northernseacoast were called _____, so named after those whowished to “purify” the Church of England.4.Washington Irving, the Father of American literature,developed the _____ as a genre in American literature.5.Franklin’s best writing is found in his masterpiece _____.6.The most outstanding poet in America of the 18th centurywas _____.7.In the early 19th century, “Rip Van Winkle”hadestablished _____’s reputation at home and abroad, anddesignated the beginning of American Romanticism.8._____ has sometimes been considered the father of themodern short story.9.In 1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne brought out his masterpiece_____, the story of a triangular love affair in colonialAmerica.Directions: In this part of the test, there are twenty items. Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. The Colonial Period of American literature stretched roughlyfrom the settlement of America in the early 17th centurythrough the end of ________ century.A. the 18thB. the 19thC. the 20thD. 21th2. New-England’s Plantation was published in 1630 by ________A. Francis HigginsonB. William BradfordC. John SmithD. Michael Wigglesworth3. Of all the books written by Michael Wigglesworth the beat known is ________A. The Flesh and the SpiritB. The True TravelsC. The Day of DoomD. Christopher Columbus4. Benjamin Franklin was the epitome of the ______.A. American EnlightenmentB. Sugar ActC. Chartist movementD. Romanticist5. In the first section of Autobiography the writer addressed to________A. his sonB. his friendsC. his wifeD. himself6. During 1807-1808, Washington Irving wrote for his brother’s newspapercalled ________A. New York TimesB. Washington PostC. SalmagundiD. Daily News7. History of New York was published in 1807 under the name of ________A. Washington IrvingB. Diedrich KnickerbokerC. James Fenimore CooperD. John Whittier8. Rip Van Winkle was written by ________A. James Fenimore CooperB. Benjamin FranklinC. Washington IrvingD. Walt Whitman9. The Spy was written by James Fenimore Cooper in 1821. It is a novel about ________A. American Civil WarB. American RevolutionC. American West ExpansionD. The First World War10. Natty Bumppo is the hero in Cooper’s ________A. The PrecautionB. The SpyC. The Gleanings in EuropeD. Leatherstocking Tales11. ________ was regarded as a poet of the American RevolutionA. Philip FreneauB. Walt WhitmanC. Robert FrostD. Cal Sandburg12. The Raven was written in 1844 by ________A. Philip FreneauB. Edgar Allan PoeC. Henry Wadsworth LongfellowD. Emily Dickinson13. The Minister’s Black Veil was written by ________A. Edgar Allan PoeB. Nathaniel HawthorneC. Henry David ThoreauD. Ralph Waldo Emerson14. Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan poet. Her poems made such a stir in England that she became known as the ______ who appeared in America.A. Ninth MuseB. Tenth MuseC. Best MuseD. First Muse15. The ship ______ carried about one hundred Pilgrims and took 66 days to beat its way across the Atlantic. In December of 1620, it put the Pilgrims ashore at Plymouth, Massachusetts.A. SunflowerB. ArmadaC. MayflowerD. Titanic16. A new _____ had appeared in England in the last years of the 18th century. It spread to continental Europe and then came to America early in the 19th century.A. RealismB. Critical realismC. RomanticismD. Naturalism17. Washington Irving got his idea for his most famous story, RipVan Winkle, from a ________A. Greek legendB. German legendC. French legendD. English legend18. Rip Van Winkle is found in Irving’s longer work, ________A. The Sketch BookB. History of New YorkC. Tales of a TravelerD. The Precaution19. ________ was often regarded as America’s first man of letters,devoting much of his career to literature.A. Benjamin FranklinB. Philip FreneauC. Washington IrvingD. James FenimoreCooper20. All the following novels are in Cooper’s Leatherstocking Talesexcept ________A. The PioneersB. The PrairieC. The DeerslayerD. The SpyDirections: In this part of the test, there are twenty titles. Judge the authors of these works and fill them on the Answer Sheet.1.Gleanings in Europe2.Oliver Goldsmith3.The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America4.“The Day of Doom”5. A History of New York6.The Last of the Mohicans7.The House of the Night8. A Forest Hymn9.“The Raven”10.“The Cask of Amontillado”11.Mosses from an Old Manse12.“Israfel”13.“The Flesh and the Spirit”14.Life of George Washington15.The Pathfinder16.“the Wild Honey Suckle”17.The Flood of Years18.“The Poetic Principle”19.The Blithedale Romance20.“The Indian Burying Ground”Directions: In this part of the test, there are f0ur terms. Please give the definition for these terms. Scores will be given for the related contents. Four individual contents will be enough for four points.1. Poor Richard’s Almanac2. Leatherstocking Tales3. Puritanism4. Benjamin FranklinDirections: In this part of the test, there are two excerpts. Each of the excerpts is followed by three questions. Read theexcerpts and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet.Part AFrom morning suns and evening dewsAt first thy little being came:If nothing once, you nothing lose,For when you die you are the same;The space between, is but an hour,The frail duration of a flower.1. Who is the poet of the poem and what is the title of the poem?(2 points)2. Tell the metrical structure and rhyme scheme of the poem. (1 point)3. What does the “little being”refer to? What meaning is suggested by the phrase “but an hour”? (2 points)Part BThe opinions of this junto were completely controlled by Nicholas Vedder, a patriarch of the village, and landlord of the inn, at the door of which he took his seat from morning till night, just moving sufficiently to avoid the sun and keep in the shade of a large tree; so that the neighbors could tell the hour by his movements as accurately as by a sundial. It is true he was rarely heard to speak, but smoked his pipe incessantly. His adherents, however (for every great man has his adherents), perfectly understood him, and knew how to gather his opinions. When anything that was read or related displeased him, he was observed to smoke his pipe vehemently, and to send forth short, frequent and angry puffs; but when pleased, he would inhale the smoke slowly and tranquilly, and emit it in light and placid clouds; and sometimes, taking the pipe from his mouth, and letting thefragrant vapor curl about his nose, would gravely nod his head in token of perfect approbation.From even this stronghold the unlucky Rip was at length routed by his termagant wife, who would suddenly break in upon the tranquility of the assemblage and call the members all to naught; nor was that august personage, Nicholas Vedder himself, sacred from the daring tongue of this terrible virago, who charged him outright with encouraging her husband in habits of idleness.1. Who was the writer of this story? What is the title of this story?(2 points)2. Who was Nicholas Vedder? (1 point)3. How did he express his opinions on public matters? (2 points)Directions: In this part of the test, you are given five topics. Choose TWO of them and give a comment on the Answer Sheet. Scores will be given according to the content, grammar and the completeness of the related knowledge.1.What are the features of literature in Colonial America?ment on Benjamin Franklin’s Autobiography.ment on Nathaniel Hawthorne’s writing techniques.4.What philosophical meaning is implied in Philip Freneau’s“The Wild Honey Suckle”?5.What are the artistic achievements of Edgar Allan Poe?美国⽂学史及选读考试试题（卷）评分标准及标准答案A卷院系：专业：考试科⽬：美国⽂学史及选读考试形式：闭卷考试时间：100 分钟。

英美文学09年4月北京试题

2009年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英美文学选读试卷(考试时问：4月l 2日上午8：30—11：00)本试卷分为两部分，共8页，满分l00分；考试时间l50分钟。

1．第一部分为选择题。

应考者必须在“答题卡”上的“选择题答题区”内按要求填涂，答在试卷上无效。

2．第二部分为非选择题，应考者必须在“答题卡”上的“非选择题答题区”内按照试题题号顺序直接答题，答在试卷上无效。

PART ONE ( 50 分)I. Multiple Choice (50 points in all, I for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark your choice by blackening the corresponding letter [ A ], [ B ], [ C ] or [ D ] on the ANSWER SHEET.1. Generally speaking, the Old English poetry that has survived can be divided into two groups :A. the religious group and the secular groupB. the romantic group and the political groupC. the innocent group and the experienced groupD. the Anglo-Saxon group and the Norman group2. Though essentially a medieval writer, Geoffrey Chaucer opposedA. earthly happinessB. man's intellectC. man's energyD. asceticism3. Beowulf, the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons, was set inA. EnglandB. ScandinaviaC. FranceD. Germany4. The Tempest is Shakespeare'sA. comedyB. tragedyC. tragicomedyD. farce5. In "Sonnet 18," William ShakespeareA. satirizes human vanityB. portrays man's lustC. praises the power of artistic creationD. mediates on man's mortality5. Which of the following is NOT John Melton’s three major poetical works?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Areopagitica7. "All is not lost: the unconquerable will, / And study of revenge, it mortal hate, / And courage never to submit or yield: /And what is else not to be overcome?" The above lines are from John Milton's Paradise Lost, what does "study" mean in the context?A. a branch of knowledgeB. a literary workC. a state of mental absorptionD. pursuit8. Which of the following matches is WRONG?A. Geoffrey Chaucer The Romaunt of the RoseB. Edmund Spencer "The Passionate Shepherd to His Love"C. William Shakespeare The Rape of LucreceD. John Milton Lycidas9. In field of literature, the Enlightenment Movement brought about a the old classical works. This tendency is known as neoclassicism.A. skeptical attitude towardsB. rebellion againstC. public oppression ofD. revived interest in10. Which of the following statements about Robinson Crusoe is NOT true?A. The story of Robinson Crusoe is based on the real adventure of an Alexander' Selkirk who once stayed alone on theuninhabited island Juan Fernandez for five years.B. Robinson Crusoe is a typical eighteenth-century English middle-class man.C. Robinson Crusoe is the very prototype of the empire builder, the pioneer colonist.D. It is the Puritan fortitude that saves Robinson Crusoe from despair during his stay on the island.11. Through the words of his protagonist, Daniel Defoe shows the all-powerful influence of material circumstances uponthoughts and actions of individuals. "Vice came in always at the Door of Necessity, not at the Door of Inclination. " Which protagonist of the following says the above quote?A. Captain SingletonB. Moll FlandersC. Colonel JackD. RoxanaI2. In Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels, Gulliver is shocked and disgusted to meet the hairy and wild Y ahoos live in/onA. LilliputB. BrobdingnagC. the Flying IslandD. the Houyhnhnm land13. Henry Fielding's first novel The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews was first intended as a of the dubious morality and false sentimentality of Samuel Richardson's Pamela .A. burlesqueB. defenseC. ironyD. sequel14. Of all the eighteenth-century novelists, adopts " the third-person narration," in which the author becomesthe "all-knowing God. "A. John DrydenB. Daniel DefoeC. Jonathan SwiftD. Henry Fielding15. After the Declaration of Rights of Man was released by Thomas Paine, urged the equal rights for women inA Vindication of the Rights of Woman.A. Jean-Jacques RousseauB. Edmund BurkeC. Mary WollstonecraftD. William Godwin16. Which of the following is NOT a prose writer in the Romantic Period?A. Thomas CarlyleB. William HazlittC. Charles LambD. Thomas De Quincey17. William Blake starts writing poetry at the age of twelve, and his first printed work is , which is a collection of youthful verse.A. Songs of InnocenceB. Songs of ExperienceC. Marriage of Heaven and HellD. Poetical Sketches18. "When the stars throw down their spears, ! And water'd heaven with their tears, ! Did he smile his work to see? ! Did he who made the Lamb make thee?" These lines are quoted fromA. William Blake's "The Tyger"B. William Blake's "Lamb"C. William Wordsworth's "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud"D. William Wordsworth's "The Solitary Reaper"19. In 1543, succeeded Robert Southey as Poet Laureate for his great contribution toEnglish romantic poetry.A. William WordsworthB. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeC. Percy Bysshe ShelleyD. John Keats20. Adonais is an elegy for whose early death from tuberculosis Percy By she Shelley believed had beenhastened by hostile reviews.A. Robert SoutheyB. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeC. George Gordon ByronD. John Keats21. "Y ou and the girls may go, or you may send them by themselves, which perhaps will be still better, for as you aro ashandsome as any of them, Mr. Bindley might like you the best of the party. " What figure of speech is used in the above quote from Pr/de and Prejudice ?A. paradoxB. antithesisC. alliterationD. irony22. Which of the following statements about Jane Austen is NOT true?A. She holds the ideals of the landlord class in politics, religion and moral principles.B. As a realistic writer, she considers it her duty to expose in her works the follies and illusions of mankind.C. She shows contemptuous feelings towards snobbery stupidity, worldliness and vulgarity through subtle satire and irony.D. In style, she upholds her firm belief in the predominance of passion over reason.23. 's works are characterized by his vivid depiction of those innocent, persecuted, helpless child characters.A. Charles DickensB. Thomas HardyC. George OrwellD.D.H. Lawrence32. Which of the following statements is NOT right about Walt Whitman?A. The peculiarity of the images like the body, the crowd, the sexuality is that they are unconventional in the way they breakdown the social division based on religion, class, and race.B. Rather than giving a description of those concrete things, Whitman catalogues them. These details in the catalogue arenot given as a separate event, but as one phase in the movement of feeling.C. Whitman's "free verse" has no fixed beat or sense of rhythm.D. Whitman's language has a strong tendency to use oral English.33. About "I heard a Fly buzz--when I died--," which of the following statements-is NOT right?A. It is a description of the moment of death.B. In this poem Dickinson personifies death and immortality so as to make her message strongly felt.C. It is an exploration into the nature of death and immortality.D. It suggests the denial of any supernatural power.34. Of the following writers, who is noted for historical tales?A. Washington IrvingB. James Fennimore CooperC. Edgar Allan PoeD. Philip Fermium35. Among the following works, has been considered the best embodiment of the American democratic idealsas written in the founding documents of both the Revolutionary War in the United States and the Civil War.A. Walt Whitman's leaves of GrassB. Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry FinnC. Henry David Thoreau's WaldenD. Theodore Dreiser's An American Tragedy36. Among the following characters, __ is both a character and the narrator in the story.A. Ishmael in Moby-DickB. Randolph Miller in Daisy MillerC. Jay Gatsby in The Great GatsbyD. Emily Greisens in "A Rose for Emily"37. The poem "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloomed" was written in memory of PresidentA. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Abraham LincolnD. John F. Kennedy38. "I felt good and all washed clean of sin for the first time I had ever felt so in my life, and I knower I could pray now. But Ididn't do it straight off, but laid the paper down and set there thinking -- thinking how good it was all this happened so, and how near I come to being lost and going to hell. " These words are said byA. Goodman Brown in "Y oung Goodman Brown"B. Huck Finn in Adventures of Huckleberry FinnC. Nick in "Indian Camp"D. Nick Caraway in The Great Gatsby39. In Criticism and Fiction, expresses his emphasis on the fiddlestick reflection of human reality.A. Henry JamesB. Mark TwainC. William Dean HowellsD. Hamlin Garland40. In the Age of Realism, affected both the social and the value system of the United States and since then, thecountry has transformed itself from an agrarian community into an industrialized and commercialized society.A. the Revolutionary WarB. the Civil WarC. the First World WarD. the Second World War41. Which of the following works by Theodore Dreiser is NOT included in his "Trilogy of Desire?"A. The FinancierB. The TitanC. The StoicD. An American Tragedy42. Among the following American poets, secluded himself/herself from the society except for some most intimate friends.A. Walt WhitmanB. Emily DickinsonC. Robert FrostD. Robert Lowell43. During the Modern Period, the theories of these people EXCEPT have influenced modern Americanliterature and led most writers in the period to probe into the inner world of human reality.A. William JamesB. Sigmund FreudC. Charles DarwinD. Carl Jung44. "Two roads diverged in a wood, and I --! I took the one less traveled by, ! And that has made all the difference. " These linesare taken from a poem written byA. Robert FrostB.E.E. CummingsC. Ezra PoundD. William Carlos Williams45. Which of the following statements can be said a characteristic of typical modern American writings?A. They present a clear record of sequence and coherence so that readers easily grasp how the plot develops.B. Writers in the modern period put more emphasis on the external than the internal, more on the public than the private.C. There is a shift from the chronological to the psychic.D. Heroes and heroines in these works exhibit extremes of sensitivity and excitement.46. Which of following parings-up is NOT correct?A. William Faulkner: "stream of consciousness"B. John Steinbeck: "novels of social protest"C. Robert Frost: "a momentary stay against confusion"D. J. D. Salinger: "archetypal symbol"47. In which of the following works, its author did NOT explore the complexity of human psychology?A. The Scarlet LetterB. The Portrait of A LadyC. The Adventures of Tom SawyerD. The Sound and the Fury48. is regarded as a great stylist of twentieth-century American literature. He always tried to write on the iceberg principle, and actually once he said, " The dignity of movement of an iceberg is due to only one-eighth of it being above water. "A. F. Scott FitzgeraldB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. John Steinbeck49. A group of American writers in the 1950s and 1960s rebelled against the conventional society and are known as " the BeatMovement. " The manifesto of the movement isA. J. D. Salinger's The Catcher in the RyeB. Allen Ginsberg's "Howl"C. Ezra Pound's The CantosD. Ernest Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises50. American fiction in the 1960s and 1970s is referred to as "new fiction," with Kurt V onnegut , John Berth, and Thomas Puncheon at its forefront.A. Joseph HellerB. Robert Penn WarrenC. John UpdikeD. Norman MailerPART TWO (共20分）II. Questions and Answers (30 points in all, 6 for each) Give brief answers in English to the following questions. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the ANSWER SHEET.51. For oft, when on my couch I lieIn vacant or in pensive mood,They flash upon that inward eyeWhich is the bliss of solitude;And then my heart with pleasure fills,And dances with the daffodils.Questions:A. Identify the poet and the poem.B. What does the "inward eye" mean?C. What kind of relationships between man and nature does the poet imply in the above lines?52. "I tell you I must go!" I retorted, roused to something like passion. "Do you think I can stay to become nothing to you? Doyou think I am an automaton? -- a machine without feelings? And can bear to have my morsel of bread snatched from my lips, and my drop of living water dashed from my cup? Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless? -- Y ou think wrong! -- I have as much soul as you -- and full as much heart! And if God had gifted me with some beauty, and much wealth, I should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you. I am not talking to you now through the medium of custom, conventionalities, or even of mortal flesh: -- it is my spirit that addresses your spirit; just as if both had passed through the grave, and we stood at God's feet, equal -- as we are!"Questions:A. The quotation is taken from Charlotte Bronte's Jane Eyre. What idea does the speaker express?B. Also discuss the author's general depiction of women characters.53. "Y ou know," he said to his mother, "I don't want to belong to the well-to-do middle class. I like my common people best. I belong to the common people. ""But if anyone else said so, my son, wouldn't you be in a tear. Y ou know you consider yourself equal to any gentleman ""In myself," he answered, "not in my class or my education or my manners. But in myself I am. ""V ery well, then. Then why talk about the common people?""Because -- the difference between people isn't in their class, but in themselves. Only from the middle classes one gets ideas, and from the common people -- life itself, warmth. Y ou feel their hates and loves. "Questions:A. Identify the author and the work.B. Identify the characters in the quotation.C. Who does "the common people" refer to? Why should the mother argue with the son on the class issue and urge him to bea member of the middle class?54. Had Goodman Brown fallen asleep in the forest, and only dreamed a wild dream of a witch-meeting?Be it so, if you will. But alas ! it was a dream of evil omen for young Goodman Brown. A stern, a sad, a darkly meditative, a distrustful, if not a desperate man, did he become, from the night of that fearful dream.Questions ..A. Identify the author of the quote.B. Explain how the author's employment of ambiguity serves his moral concern.55. He had never yet heard a young girl express herself in just this fashion ; never at least save in cases where to say such things was to have at the same time some rather complicated consciousness about them. --- He felt he had lived at Geneva so long as to have got morally muddied; he had lost the fight sense for the young American tone.... But this charming apparition wasn't a coquette in that sense; she was very unsophisticated; she was only a pretty American flirt. Winterbourne was almost grateful for having found the formula that applied to Miss Daisy Miller.Questions:A. The quotation is from Henry James' "Daisy Miller. " Is Daisy Miller really a flirt? Why does Winterbourne reach such a conclusion?B. How does the cultural conflict between the Old and the New world account for Winterbourne's judgment or misjudgment? What will the cultural conflict lead Daisy Miller to?III. Topic Discussion (20 points in all, 10 for each)Write no less than 150 words in English on each of the following topics in the corresponding space on the ANSWER SHEET.56. Compare the difference of romanticism and modernism in British literature on following aspects :a. Their historical backgroundb. Their revolt against the pastc. Their major themes57. Emily Dickinson often addresses the issues that concern the whole human beings, which include religion, death, immortality, love, and nature. Talk about her attitudes toward religion, death, immortality, love and nature as reflected in her poems.。

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南京信息工程大学试卷2011－2012学年第 1 学期《英美文学史》课程试卷（A）本试卷共 5 页；考试时间 120 分钟；任课教师赵亚珉；出卷时间 2011 年 12 月系专业年级班学号姓名得分(You are required to write down your answers on the Answer Sheet)Task One:M ultiple-choice questions (1 point for each, 30 points)1. Shakespeare’s four great tragedies are _________A. Anthony and Cleopatra, Coriolanus, King Lear, Timon of AthensB. Twelfth Night, Cynbeline, The Winter’s Tale, and The TempestC. Hamlet, Othello, King John, and MacbethD. Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth2. Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift consists of ______ voyages.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four3. _____ was called Father of English poetry and the English Homer for theRenaissance.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. William ShakespeareC. Francis BaconD. John Milton4. Who is the greatest of the Metaphysical school of poetry? _________.A. Ben JohnsonB. John MiltonC. John DonneD. John Bunyan5. “The Lamb” is included in William Blake’s ________.A. Poetical SketchesB. The Songs of InnocenceC. The Songs of ExperienceD. The Marriage of Heaven and Hell6. “Almost all his novels present man's struggle against an indifferent cosmic forcethat inflicts suffering upon him” best illustrates the work of ________.A. Arnold BennettB. H. G. WellsC. John GalsworthyD. Thomas Hardy7. John Keats wrote the following except ______.A. "Ode to the West Wind"B. "On the Grasshopper and Cricket "C. "Ode to a Nightingale"D. "Ode on a Grecian Urn"8. Lyrical Ballads (1798) was a collection of poems by ________.A. James Thomson and William CollinsB. Thomas Gray and Robert BurnsC. Percy Bysshe Shelley and George Gordon ByronD. William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge9. The modernist writers such as James Joyce and Virginia Woolf are mainlyconcerned with the ______.A. social activities of human beingsB. public life of an individualC. inner life of an individualD. external world10. The following are frequently referred to as the Victorian realist novelists except______.A. Charles DickensB. Charlotte BronteC. George EliotD. T. S. Eliot11. _______ was usually regarded as the first American writer.A. William BradfordB. Anne BradstreetC. Emily DickinsonD. Captain John Smith12. The common thread throughout American literature has been the emphasison the ______.A. RevolutionismB. ReasonC. IndividualismD. Rationalism13. Writers of the first postwar era self-consciously acknowledged that they were_______.A. a Lost GenerationB. a Beat GenerationC. a Jazz GenerationD. the Angry Young Men14. Henry David Thoreau’s work, ______, has always been regarded as amasterpiece of the New England Transcendental Movement.A. WaldenB. The PioneersC. NatureD. “Song of Myself”15. According to Nathaniel Hawthorne, romance should be _______.A.both imaginative and creativeB. full of adventuresC. a true record of human lifeD. a mixture of facts and fancy16. Walt Whitman was a founding figure of American poetry. His innovation firstof all lies in his use of _______, poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.A. blank verseB. heroic coupletC. free verseD. iambic pentameter17. In ______, Washington Irving agrees with the protagonist on the preferability ofthe past to the present, of a dream-like world to the real world.A. “Young Goodman Brown”B. “Rip Van Winkle”C. Daisy MillerD. The confidence-Man18. American literature produced only one female poet during the nineteenthcentury. This was _____.A. Anne BradstreetB. Jane AustenC. Emily DickinsonD. Harriet Beecher19. With William Dean Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the scene,______ became the major trend in the seventies and eighties of the nineteenth century.A. sentimentalismB. romanticismC. realismD. naturalism20. Whitman is noted for his use of _______ language, which has a lot to do withhis early career as a newspaperman.A. oralB. poeticC. formalD. archaic21. Theodore Dreiser belonged to the school of literary ________ which emphasizedheredity and environment as important deterministic forces shapi ng individualized characters who were presented in special and detailed circumstances.A. naturalismB. realismC. determinismD. humanism22. Mark Twain, one of the greatest 19th century American writers, is well knownfor his ______.A. international themeB. waste-land imageryC. local colorD. symbolism23. _______ is often acclaimed literary spokesman of the Jazz Age.A. Ernest HemingwayB. F. Scott FitzgeraldC. William FaulknerD. Ezra Pound24. “The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet, black bough.” Thisis the shortest poem written by ________.A. Thomas Sterns EliotB. Robert FrostC. Ezra PoundD.E. E. Commings25. A new ______ had appeared in England in the last years of the eighteenthcentury. It spread to continental Europe and then came to America early in the nineteenth century.A. realismB. critical realismC. romanticismD. naturalism26. Which essay is not written by Ralph Waldo Emerson?A. Of StudiesB. Self-RelianceC. The American ScholarD. Nature27. The House of Seven Gables is a famous mystery-haunted novel written by_______.A. Nathaniel HawthorneB. Henry David ThoreauC. Philip FreneauD. Herman Melville28. In his works, ________ shows his concern for the inner sufferings of humanbeings who were living at a time when the Old South was losing its economic foundation and moral strength.A. Ernest HemingwayB. F. Scott FitzgeraldC. William FaulknerD. Ezra Pound29. In the early nineteenth century American moral values were essentiallyPuritan. Nothing has left a deeper imprint on the character of the people as a whole than did ________.A. PuritanismB. RomanticismC. RationalismD. Sentimentalism30. Which is regarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”?A. The American ScholarB. English TraitsC. The Conduct of LifeD. Representative MenTask Two: T-F statements (1 point for each, 15 points)( ) 31. George Bernard Shaw was strongly against the credo of “art for art’s sake” and held that art should serve social purposes.( ) 32. The publication of Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage marked the beginning of Romantic Age.( ) 33. In the poem, “Ode to the West Wind”, the poet eulogizes the west wind asa powerful phenomenon of nature and expresses his hope of freedom andfaith in a bright future.( ) 34. Sons and Lovers was written by Charles Dickens. Paul is the hero of the novel.( ) 35. Great Expectations is a great satire upon the society and those people who dream to enter the higher society regardless of the social reality. ( ) 36. Benjamin Franklin was a prose stylist whose writing reflected the neoclassic ideals of clarity, restraint, simplicity and balance.( ) 37. Edgar Allan Poe is considered the forerunners of the literary movement of New England Transcendentalism in the 19th century.( ) 38. Cooper, one of the 19th century American writers, is generally noted for his Leather-Stocking Tales.( ) 39. The Fall of the House of Usher is one of Edgar Allan Poe’s poems. ( ) 40. Like Edgar Allen Poe, Nathaniel Hawthorne often used grotesque or fantastic events, but Nathaniel Hawthorne’s work is broader in range and has more depth of thought.( ) 41. Being short-lived, the Imagist movement had little influence on modern poetry.( ) 42. The First World War led the American intellectuals to a bitter disillusionment.( ) 43. Henry James was known as a romantic writer rather than a psychological novelist.( ) 44. “I took the one less traveled by, / And that has made all the difference.”----- The two lines are taken from Robert Frost’s poem “The Road Not Taken”.( ) 45. Melville’s Moby Dick is highly symbolic, for the white whale can be interpreted in different ways.Task Three: W ork-author pairing-up (1 point for each, 15 points)A. English literature( ) 46. Prometheus Unbound A) Thomas Hardy( ) 47. Sense and Sensibility B) D.H. Lawrence( ) 48.Bleak House C) P. B. Shelley( ) 49. The Return of the Native D) Charles Dickens( ) 50. Sons and Lovers E) J. AustenB. American literature( ) 51. The Call of the Wild( ) 52. The Scarlet Letter( ) 53. The Sound and the Fury ( ) 54 The Great Gatsby( ) 55. Leaves of Grass( ) 56. The Old Man and the Sea ( ) 57. Moby-Dick( ) 58. Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening( ) 59. The Portrait of A Lady( ) 60. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn A) William FaulknerB) Walt WhitmanC) F. Scott FitzgeraldD) Henry JamesE) Mark TwainF) Robert FrostG) Herman MelvilleH) Ernest HemingwayI) Nathaniel Hawthorne J) Jack LondonTask Four: Questions (40 points)61. What’s an epic? (10 points)62. Illustrate the features of English Romantic ism (10 points) .63. Why is Hemingway regarded as spokesman for the "Lost Generation"?(10 points)64. In combination with your own experience, interpret the t hemes of Robert Frost’s "The Road Not Taken" (10 points).。