现在完成时讲解与练习答案
人教新目标初中英语语法-现在完成时讲解以及练习题(含答案)
现在完成时1.构成现在完成时是由助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。
助动词have(has)表明事情发生于现在。
它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。
过去分词在句子中做谓语,说明句子的含义。
2.用法(1)动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间,但对现在有某种影响和结果。
常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。
如:-Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. I've just had it.你(已经)吃午饭了吗?我刚刚吃过。
(现在我不饿了)(2)表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
这个动作可能刚停止,可能仍然在进行。
常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。
如:He has taught here since 1981他自1981年就在这儿教书。
(可能还要继续教)I have't seen her for four years.我有四年没见到她了。
(3)表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作,现在成为一种经验,一般译为汉语“过”,常带有twice,ever,never,three times等时间状语。
如:I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。
3.现在完成时的时间状语(1)现在完成时属于现在时范围,故不能和过去的时间状语连用。
如:yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。
但是,在强调动作产生的后果和影响时,可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。
a. 用副词already和yet。
already一般用于肯定句中,yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。
如:We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。
b.用ever 和never。
现在完成时专项讲解与练习
一、选择题1、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?A. alreadyB. neverC. everD. still考查知识点:现在完成时态中时间副词的使用。
反意疑问句前面跟后面得一肯一否。
疑难点:时间副词所适用的情况解析:该already一般用于肯定句中,用于疑问句中表示惊讶的语气;never用于否定句中;ever用于疑问句中;still强调过去发生的事情及存在的状况目前还在延续。
在现在完成时的否定句中,still表示吃惊或不耐烦的语气。
题考查完成时态时间副词的使用和反意疑问句,句子后面是has he,说明前面表示的是否定意义。
答案:B。
2、Harry Potter is a very nice film. I ______ it twice.A. will seeB. have seenC. sawD. see考查知识点:时态的判断疑难点:现在完成时和一般过去时的区别解析:该题题意是哈利波特是一部很好的电影,我已经看过两次了。
这里说的看过两次对现在有影响,因为看过才知道这部电影好。
所以我们可以推断用现在完成时,表示动作发生在过去对现在的影响。
答案:B。
3、His father ______ the Party since 1978 .A. joinedB. has joinedC. was inD. has been in考查知识点:时态的判断,瞬间动词转换成延续性动词。
疑难点:瞬间动词不能与表示持续时间段的时间状语连用,用在现在完成时态中与时间段连用需要作相应的变形。
解析:通过since 1978这个时间状语我们可以初步判断用现在完成时,所以排除A、C, 由于join 是瞬间动词,不能与时间段连用,得作相应的变形。
意为我父亲自从1978年就入党。
表示一种状态,join 得变成been in。
所以排除B。
答案:D。
4、—Do you know him well ?— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago.A. wereB. have beenC. have becomeD. have made考查知识点:瞬间动词跟延续性动词的变形。
现在完成时精讲及练习(附答案)
现在完成时精讲和练习〔附答案〕一、现在完成时的六种常用情景:〔一〕表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,1、The car has arrived。
车子来了。
〔对现在结果的影响是:车子已在门口〕2、Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。
〔对现在结果的影响是:窗户仍破着〕3、It’s so dark。
Someone has turned off the light.这里很黑,有人刚把灯关了。
〔对现在结果的影响是:现在很黑〕4、Are you free? I have finished my homework. I am free.你有空吗?我已经做完了家庭作业。
我有空。
〔我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在影响是:很有空〕。
〔二〕表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。
一般会和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在〔包括“现在〞在内〕的一段时间的状语连用。
如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。
这时表示持续动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词。
1、My uncle has worked at this factory for five years。
我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。
2、Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002。
自从2002年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。
3、How long have you been here?你来这里多久了?4、I have learnt English for more than ten years。
我已经学了10多年的英语。
(从10年前开始,持续到现在)5、She has swum since half an hour ago。
我已经游泳了半个小时。
(半个小时前开始,到现在还在游) 〔三〕经验性用法:表示从过去开始到目前为止这段时间中反复发生的动作或屡次出现的状态。
【英语】英语现在完成时解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析
【英语】英语现在完成时解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析一、初中英语现在完成时1.—Do you miss your parents far away?—Yes, very much. They the hometown for over two years.A. leftB. have leftC. were away fromD. have been away from【答案】 D【解析】【分析】根据句意“他们已经离家两年多了”可知用现在完成时,时间状语for over two years 表示时间段,动词要具有延续性,left是 leave的过去分词,是短暂性动词,不能和时间段连用,故选D。
【点评】本题考查延续性动词和短暂性动词的转换。
2.—How do you like Beijing, Miss Read?—I've no idea. I _____ there.A. have goneB. have beenC. haven't beenD. haven't gone【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:---你觉得北京怎么样,瑞得小姐?---我不知道,我没有去过那儿。
短语:have been to去过某地(已经返回);have gone to去了某地(尚未返回),根据句意,故答案为C。
【点评】考查短语辨析,区分have been to与have gone to,理解句子,根据语境判断答案。
3.The volunteers ________ a lot of help to the old and the young since 2010.A. offeredB. have offeredC. are offeringD. will offer【答案】 B【解析】【分析】考查时态.句意"自2010以来,志愿者们向老人和青年提供了大量的帮助.".A过去时.B现在完成时态.C现在进行时态.D一般将来时态.since+点时间通常用于现在完成时态,结构是have/has+动词的过去分词,主语是volunteers复数,用助动词have.offer的过去分词是offered.答案是B.4.—The drama series The Thunder (破冰行动) hits screens these days.—Oh. What a pity! I ____________ any of them yet,A. doesn't watchB. didn't watchC. won't watchD. haven't watched【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:——连续剧《破冰行动》这些天正在霸屏。
【英语】高三英语现在完成时解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)
【英语】高三英语现在完成时解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)一、单项选择现在完成时1.―What do you think of our hometown?―Very beautiful. You know it is the first time that I _______ here.A.will be B.wasC.have been D.had been【答案】C【解析】试题分析:考查固定句型中的时态。
固定句型:it is/was 序数词time that sb…这是第几次某人做某事的时候了;如果前面是is,后面使用现在完成时;如果前面是was,后面使用过去完成时;本题前面是is,故使用现在完成时。
句意:—你认为我们国家怎么样?—发出漂亮。
你知道这是我第一次来到这里。
故C正确。
考点:考查固定句型中的时态。
点评:固定句型:it is/was 序数词time that sb…这是第几次某人做某事的时候了;如果前面是is,后面使用现在完成时;如果前面是was,后面使用过去完成时;2.It is the fourth time that Tom ______ in the maths exams.A.failed B.has failedC.had failed D.have failed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查固定句式中的时态。
固定句式:It is/was the+序数词+that 从句;句意:这是某人第几次做某事的时候了。
如果前面是is,后面使用现在完成时;如果前面是was,后面使用过去完成时。
本题前面是is,故使用现在完成时,主语是第三人称单数,故B正确。
句意:这是这个星期里他第四次打电话给你了。
【点睛】固定句式:It is/was the+序数词+that 从句;句意:这是某人第几次做某事的时候了。
如果前面是is,后面使用现在完成时;如果前面是was,后面使用过去完成时。
(1)It is the first time that I have come to the Great Wall. 这是我第一次到长城去。
现在完成时(含练习题及答案)
现在完成时定义:表示在过去的某个时间已经发生的行为或者曾经做过的事情对现在产生的影响和结果。
构成:have/has+动词的过去分词(done)常与以下时间状语连用,比如:1. already/yet- I have already read that book. 我已经读过那本书了。
- Flora hasn’t finished her homework yet. 弗洛拉还未完成作业。
2. just- I have just received a letter from my brother.我刚刚收到我兄弟的来信。
3. recently- I haven’t seen him recently. 我最近没见过他。
4. ever/never- Have you ever been to London? 你去过伦敦吗?- I have never been to London. 我从未去过伦敦。
5. so far- So far I have learnt to speak German, English and French.到目前为止,我已经学会了说德语,英语和法语。
6. for引导的短语表示延续的时间,延续性动词多用于此。
- We have studied English for six years. 我们已经学习英语六年了。
7. since引导的短语,或者从句- He has lived here since 1997. 自从1997年,他就住在这里。
- We haven’t seen each other since he moved to London.自从他搬去伦敦,我们就再也没见过。
8. have/has been to 与have/has gone to /has been in的区别- He has been to the Great Wall twice. 他去过长城两次。
(表示去了人已回来)- He has gone to Beijing. 他去了北京。
现在完成时讲解(附习题+答案)
现在完成时讲解(附习题+答案)定义:表示动作从某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,或者刚刚终止,或者可能仍然要继续下去。
1.发生于过去,和现在有关。
例如:He has lost his book.他丢了他的书。
(所以他到现在一直没书)2.开始于过去,持续到现在。
例如:He has taught in our school for 30 years.他在我们学校教书已有30年了。
(现在还在教)3.从过去到现在不断反复的动作或情况,且不断重复可能继续下去,也可能到现在结束。
例如:My father has always gone to work by bike.我父亲一向骑车上班。
(从过去到现在期间一直这样)4.同一般现在时可以表示将来一样,现在完成时也可以在时间状语从句里表示将来。
例如:I'll wait until he has written his letter.我愿等到他把信写完。
构成:主语+ have / has + done(过去分词)+ …肯定句: 主语+ have / has + 过去分词+ …She has been to Shanghai.她去过上海.I have finished doing my homework.我已经完成我的作业了.否定句: 主语+ have / has + not +过去分词+ …I haven’t seen this film.我没有看过这部电影.She hasn’t finished doing his homework.她还没有完成她的作业.一般疑问句:Have / Has + 主语+ 过去分词+ …Have you seen this film ?Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t .你看过这部电影吗?是的, 看过. / 不, 没有.Has she finished doing his homework ?Yes, she has . / No, she hasn’t.她完成她的作业了吗?是的, 完成了. / 不, 没有.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ have / has + 主语+ 过去分词+ …Who has finished doing his homework ?谁完成了作业?注意:has gone to, has been to, has been in/on 的区别(1)have/ has been to 表示:曾经去过某地(已经回来了),常用于第三人称,可与once, never, several times等连用(2)have/ has gone to 表示:去了某地(还没有回来)They have been to Shanghai twice.他们去过上海两次。
牛津译林版英语八下_Units 1-3 现在完成时语法讲解和练习
8BUnit1-3现在完成时语法(完整讲解)和练习(含答案)一、现在完成时讲解8BUnit1语法1. 构成:have / has + 动词过去分词2. 意义1)过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。
She has lived here since she was born.You have studied in this school since 2014.I have taught English for 18 years. (注意:动词必须为延续性动词)2)发生在过去,对现在有影响的动作。
I have lost my key, so I can’t get into my house.Who has cleaned the window? It’s really clean.The bus has left, you must wait for the next one.I have seen the film. I won’t see it tonigh t.3)到目前为止,事情发生的次数。
I have already read this book many times.My uncle has been to France twice.How many times have you been to Beijing?★现在完成时的不同句式:1) She has lived in Wuxi since 2002.→Has she lived in Wuxi since 2002? Yes, she has./ No, she hasn’t.→She hasn’t lived in Wuxi since 2002.→How long has she lived in Wuxi?2) They have been to Shanghai three times.→Have they been to Shanghai three times?Yes, they have./ No, they haven’t.→They haven’t been to Shanghai three times.→How many times have they been to Shanghai?3.完成时常和以下时间状语连用:1)already 已经肯定句/ 特殊疑问句yet 还,仍否定句/ 一般疑问句She has already finished her homework. 句中She has finished her homework already.句末Has she finished her homework yet? 句末She hasn’t finished her homework yet. 句末2) ever 曾经肯定句/ 一般疑问句never 从未否定句I have ever seen the film. (肯定句)Have you ever seen this film? (一般疑问句)I have never seen the film. (否定句)3) since 自从+ 过去的时间点/ 一般过去时从句for 长达+ 一段时间(表示过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态)我爸爸在这住了二十年了。
现在完成时讲解及练习题含答案
时态讲解:现在完成时(1)构成:现在完成时由助动词have +过去分词构成,助动词have有人称和数的变化。
第三人称单数用has,其余用have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上n ot、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。
以study为例,其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下:(2)用法:1)现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。
My daughter has just go ne out. 我女儿刚出去。
I ' m sure we ' ve met be我肯定我们以前见过面。
She has arrived.她到了。
2)表示持续到现在的动作或状态,往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用,女口recently, already, just, lately, for …,s^hce^:…,yetI haven ' t heard from her these days.这些日子我没有收到她的信。
We haven ' t seen you recen tly.最近我们没有见到你。
They have bee n away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。
She has bee n withus since Mon day.A 、八■,、、》;★注意:1) si nee和for的区别si nee 后接时间点,如1993, last term, yesterday, the time I got there 。
for 后接一段时间, 表示长达多久”,女口ten years, a while, two days 等。
Exercise:用since 禾口for 填空1.Jim has bee n in Irela nd ________ Mon day.three days.3.His aunt has lived in Australia __________ 15 days.bee n there _________ 7 o'clock.5. In dia has bee n an in depe ndent country ________ 1974. bee n wait ing ________ 20 minu tes. 2. Jill has bee n in Irela nd _________ 4. Mary is in her office. She has6. The bus is late. They'veThey have left only for 5 minu tes. x7.Nobody lives in those houses. They have bee n empty ___________ m any years. 8. Mikehas bee n ill ________ a long time. He has bee n in hospital ___________ O ctober.2)表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等,在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。
现在完成时讲解及练习(已用)
一.基本结构:助动词have/has+过去分词(done)二.句型:否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.三.用法(1)现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)They have come here. (含义:他们现在在这儿)(2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作或状态,常与for 和since连用①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点(译为:自从……以来)③since+时段+ago④since+从句(过去时)⑤It is+时段+since+从句(过去时)Mary has been ill for 3 days. (since 3 days ago)I have been in the university since 2002.四.has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father?He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to) :去过(已不在去过的地方)My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in:呆了多久(还在所呆的地方)My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.五.现在完成时的标志现在完成时的含义是过去已经完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义: ★以already, just和yet为标志He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。
现在完成时讲解及练习(答案)
现在完成时讲解及练习(答案)初中英语主要时态系列(六)——现在完成时讲解及练习1现在完成时的基本结构肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他否定句:主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他⼀般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+⼀般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)2现在完成时的⽤法1. 现在完成时⽤来表⽰过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。
也就是说,动作或状态发⽣在过去但它的影响现在还存在,强调的是现在。
I have already posted the photo.我已经邮寄出了照⽚。
与此种⽤法连⽤的时间状语时⼀些模糊的过去时间状语,如already(肯定句句中), yet(否定句/疑问句句尾), just, before, recently,still, lately,never 等。
2. 现在完成时也可⽤来表⽰动作或状态发⽣在过去某⼀时刻,持续到现在并且有可能会继续持续下去。
He has lived here since 1978.⾃从1978年以来,他⼀直住在这⼉。
(动作起始于1978年,⼀直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去。
)此种⽤法常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句⼦)连⽤。
谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
有些瞬间动词可变为延续动词:go out----be out finish----be over open----be open die----be dead buy---have fall ill---be ill come back----be back catch a cold----have a cold3现在完成时常见考法对于现在完成时的考查,多以单选、句型转换或词语运⽤的形式考查学⽣在具体语境中灵活运⽤时态的能⼒。
在考试中,会让⼤家判断是否该⽤现在完成时,或者是考查“瞬间动词”不能与表⽰⼀段时间的状语连⽤”这⼀知识点。
现在完成时讲解及练习(附答案)-名师精讲(新)
现在完成时先看几个例句:1. I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间。
2. He hasn’t finished his homework. 他还没完成作业。
3. Have you read this novel ? 你看过这本小说吗?Yes , I have. 是的,看过了。
No, I haven’t. 不,没看过。
4. We have studied English for two years.我们已经学了两年英语了。
5. They haven’t seen each other since 1998.自从1998年他们就没再见过面。
一、构成:肯定式:主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.疑问式:助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词?否定式: 主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词.例:I have worked here for 3 years.否定句:疑问句:回答:就划线部分提问:过去分词的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化两种:规则变化:a) 一般情况下,在动词后直接加ed, 如play---played, work---worked,water---watered, finish---finished等;b) 以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词, 把y 变成i 再加ed, carry-- -carried study---studied等;c) 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的动词要双写最后一个辅音字母,再加ed 如: stop---stopped,shop---shopped等。
不规则变化:见一般时当中的不规则动词表点击→不规则动词表写出下列动词的过去分词:put--- hear--- come---make--- hurry--- watch---swim--- be--- talk---want--- study--- stop---take--- see--- like---二、用法:1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
高中现在完成时讲解与练习4(有答案)
现在完成时讲解与练习一、现在完成时的构成1. 现在完成时结构:主语+助动词have(has) +动词过去分词否定句:have/has后加not, haven’t/hasn’t一般疑问句:前提have/has2.现在完成时的概念:1) 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
--Have you had your lunch yet?你吃过午饭了吗?--Yes, I have. I have just had it. 是的,我刚吃过。
(现在我不饿了。
)I have already posted the photos. 我已经寄过这些照片。
(这些照片已不在我这里了。
)2) 过去发生的事情,一直持续到现在(其谓语动词多是延续性动词或表示状态的词)。
I haven’t seen her these days. 近来我一直没见过他。
I’ve known Li Lei for three years. 我认识李雷已经三年了。
They have lived here since 1996. 他们自从1996年就住在这儿。
She has taught us since I came to this school. 自从我来这所学校,她就教我。
3. 现在完成时多与下列时间状语连用:1) 用于“过去发生的事,对现在造成的影响或结果”的时间状语有:already(已经→肯定句) yet(还;尚未→否/疑问句)never(从未) ever(曾经→疑问句)just(刚刚) before(以前)2) 用于“过去发生的事,一直延续到现在”的时间状语有:for + 时间段(for two years)since two years agosince + 时间点since 2008since he came here.so far(目前;迄今为止) up to now=till now=by now到现在为止;直到现在by the end of this year 到今年年末【by the end of…到…末/结束】by the end of this month到本月末during the last (past) few years 在过去的几年中in the last (past) months 在过去的几个月中all the time 总是;一直recently 最近these days 近几天3. have(has) been 和have(has) gone 区分1) have/ has gone (to) 表示某人已经去了某地,人不在这儿。
英语现在完成时精讲+精练(附答案)
英语现在完成时精讲+精练(附答案)英语中的现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响或仍在继续的动作,结构为“have/has + 过去分词”。
本篇文章将对现在完成时的用法进行详细讲解和练。
一、现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时有以下三种主要用法:1. 表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响例如:- I have lost my phone.(我手机丢了。
)- She has forgotten the meeting.(她忘了会议。
)以上两句话中,手机丢了和会议被忘了都是在过去发生的事情,但是现在失去手机和忘记会议都对现在产生影响,因此需要用现在完成时来表达。
2. 表示从过去某个时间开始一直持续到现在的动作例如:- I have worked here for two years.(我在这里工作已经两年了。
)- They have been married since 2010.(他们自 2010 年以来就结婚了。
)以上两个句子都是表示从过去某个时间开始到现在一直持续的动作,需要用现在完成时来表达。
3. 表示刚刚发生的动作例如:- I have just finished my homework.(我刚刚完成了我的作业。
)- He has just arrived.(他刚刚到了。
)以上两句话中,都是刚刚发生的动作,需要用现在完成时来表达。
二、现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构为“have/has + 过去分词”:- have + 过去分词,用于第一人称复数(we)、第二人称复数(you)和第三人称复数(they)以及第一人称单数(I)与第二人称单数(you)构成疑问句和否定句。
- has + 过去分词,用于第三人称单数(he、she、it)构成一般句。
例如:- I have visited London twice.(我去过伦敦两次。
)- Have you finished your homework?(你完成作业了吗?)- She has seen the movie before.(她之前看过这部电影。
现在完成时精讲及习题答案
现在完成时1.构成现在完成时是由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。
助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。
它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。
过去分词是主要的谓语动词说明句子意义。
肯定式:主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他。
(当主语是第三人称单数时用 has,其余人称用have。
过去分词:规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同;不规则动词需要特殊记忆。
) 否定式:主语 + haven't/hasn't + 过去分词 + 其他。
疑问式: Have /Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他?特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)简略答语:Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定)2.用法(1) 表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间,但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。
常被 just、already 、yet 等副词修饰。
如: -Have you had lunch yet? -Yes, I have. I've just had it. 你(已经)吃午饭了吗?我刚刚吃过。
(现在我不饿了)I have spent all of my money .(现在我没有钱花了 .)Jane has laid the table.( 现在桌子已经摆好了 .)(2)表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
这个动作可能刚停止,可能仍然在进行。
常带有 for 和since 等表示一段时间的状语。
①for+时段为… 时间②since+过去一个时间点(译为:自从…… 以来)③since+时段+ago④since+从句(过去时)⑤Itis+时段+since+从句(过去时)如: He has taught here since 1981 他自 1981 年就在这儿教书。
现在完成时态讲解练习及答案
现在完成时态1.含义:表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。
2.标志词:recently,lately, since短语, for+时间段, up to now, so far,in the past/last few years, ever, never, yet, already, still3.构成: (1)肯定句:主语+ have / has+动词过去分词+其它.(2)否定句:主语+ have / has+not+动词过去分词+其它.(3)一般疑问句:Have / Has+ 主语+动词过去分词+其它?(4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+动词过去分词+其它?4. 例句:He has lived in Shenzhen for4years.5. 动词过去分词的变化规则:(1)规则变化:直接+ed; 直接+d; 把y变为i+ed; 双写+ed(2)不规则变化:寻找规律,加强记忆. 如AAA; AAB ; ABA ; ABB 等cut-cut-cut; beat-beat-beaten; come-came-come; lose-lost-lost 6. have/has been to; have/has gone to; have/has been in(1)have/ has been to去过… (人已经回来了)我去过上海两次。
I have been to Shanghai twice.(2)have/ has gone to去… (人还没回来)—吉姆在哪?—他去英国了。
—Where is Jim?—He has gone to England.(3)have/ has been in在… (去了某地并一直待在那里)我在上海已经有三年了。
I have been in Shanghai for three years.*7. 延续性动词与非延续性动词(1)含义:英语动词根据动作的持续与否可分为两种,一种是延续性动词,另一种是非延续性动词。
现在完成时讲解及练习(含答案)
时态现在完成时一.基本结构:助动词have/has+过去分词(done) 。
表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,或过去发生的动作还未结束,一直持续到现在或将来,重点在于对现在的影响。
二.句型:否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定)No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(否定)三.用法1.“已完成”用法 :表示一个过去发生并结束的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
这一类情况可以细致分为下述两种情况。
1)表示开始于过去的动作刚刚结束。
常和just,now,already,yet,not…yet等不确定的时间状语连用。
Li Ming has just turned off the light. 李明刚刚把灯关上。
(说明现在灯关上了)I've finished my homework now. 现在我已经做完作业了。
(说明可以交作业或做别的了)2)表示过去动作的结果,现在仍残留着。
一般不用时间状语。
I have lost my pen. 我把笔丢了。
(说明过去某时丢的,现在我还没找到这支笔)She has become a teacher. 她已经当了老师。
(说明她现在仍是老师)2.“未完成”用法。
表示动作或状态从过去某时开始,持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示),常与for(+段时间)、since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用。
①for+时段(for a long time,for a month)②since+过去一个时间点(译为:自从……以来,如since 1991 、since yesterday)③since+时段+ago (since 2 days ago)④since+从句(过去时)●⑤It is+时段+since+从句(过去时)⑥其它常见:today,this week(month),lately,recently,these days,in the past few days,during the last two weeks,,so far,up to now,till(until)now等。
现在完成时讲解和练习(有答案)
现在完成时讲解和练习1. 现在完成时的构成: have\has+过去分词(过去分词的构成有规则变化和不规则变化)2. 现在完成时的四个基本句型肯定句He has finished the work.一般疑问句Has he finished the work? 回答Yes ,he has. No, he hasn’t.否定句He has not finished the work.特殊疑问句What has he done?3.现在完成时的用法:A.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调对现在造成的影想或结果)。
例如:The car has arrived. 车子来了。
(结果:车子已在门口)Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。
(结果:窗户仍破着)B. 表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括“现在”在内)的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。
例如:My uncle has worked at this factory for five years. 我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。
Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002. 自从2002年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。
How long have you been here? 你来这里多久了?4. 在下列情形下用现在完成时(1)九词语①already已经肯定句中或句尾e.g.: I have already found my pen.= I have found my pen already.②yet已经否定句和疑问句句尾e.g.:I have not finished the work yet.Have you bought a computer yet?③ever曾经句中e.g.:Have you ever seen pandas?④never从不句中e.g.:I have never been to Beijing. ⑤just刚刚句中e.g.:I have just done my work.⑥before以前句尾e.g.:I have never been there before.⑦so far到目前为止e.g.:So far he has learnt 200 words.⑧how long多久e.g.:How long have you lived here?⑨how many times多少次e.g.:How many times has he been to Beijing?(3)三词组1.have<has>gone to去了某地表示“已经去了某地,在去那里的途中或到达那里还没有回来”e.g.:He has gone to Beijing (去了北京)2.have<has>been to去过某地表示“曾去过某地,已经从那里回来了”e.g.:He has been to Beijing. (去过北京)3.have<has>been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”,常与表示一段时间的状语连用,如:since, for, how longe.g.: Mr. Brown has been in Beijing for three days. 布朗先生来北京已经有三天了4.如果句子里面没有时间状语,汉语意思能够加“已经”,往往用现在完成时态。
现在完成时练习题含答案及解析
现在完成时练习题含答案及解析一、单项选择现在完成时1.T h e G r e e n s_____C h i n a f o r f i v e y e a r s.A.h a s b e e n i nB.h a v e b e e n i nC.w e n t t oD.h a s g o n e t o【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。
句意:G r e e n一家人来中国已经五年了。
时间状语f o r f i v e y e a r s表明用现在完成时,T h e G r e e n s作主语时,谓语动词用复数,而且接一段时间要用h a v e b e e n i n,故B项正确。
2.A l t h o u g h s h e i s o n l y16y e a r s o l d,s h e______t o d r u g s f o rt w o y e a r s.A.a d d i c t sB.h a d b e e n a d d i c t e dC.h a s a d d i c t e dD.h a s b e e n a d d i c t e d【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时态和固定搭配。
句意:虽然她只有16岁,但她已经沉迷于毒品两年了。
结合句意可知,这里是指到现在为止已经两年了,与现在有关系,用现在完成时态;b e a d d i c t e d t o沉迷于---,故选D。
3.S h e i s a s t r o n g-w i l l e d w o m a n a n d n o t o n c e_______i n t o a n yd i f f i c u l t y i n he r l if e.A.s h e h a s g i v e nB.d i d s h e g i v eC.s h e g a v eD.h a s s h e g i v e n 【答案】D【解析】试题分析:考查动词时态和倒装句。
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6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here.7. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here ? For two weeks.8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework.9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day.10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet?11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.12. The students ____________ (read) English when the teacher came in.13. Look! The monkey __________ (climb) the tree.14. My mother __________ (come) to see me next Sunday.15. I've lost my pen. _________ you ________ (see) it anywhere?1. have, seen, saw2. Has, finished3. has, come4. has gone5. have worked, moved6. ha ve made7. ha ve , stayed8. have, finished9. goes 10. have, found 11. is 12. were reading 13. is climbing 14. is coming 15. Have, seenII. Choose the best answer.1. How long have you _______ here?A. comeB. gotC. arrivedD. been2. My grandpa died _________.A. at the age of my 2B. for 2 yearsC. when I was 2.D. my age was 6.3. Jane has _____ to BeiJing . She will come back tomorrow.A. beenB. goneC. wentD. never been4. It is ten years _____ I last saw her.A. afterB. sinceC. forD. that5.--Who will go to the station to meet Lorry?--I will. I _____ her several times.A. metB. have metC. had metD. will meet6. --What a nice dress! How long _____ you _____ it?--Just 2 weeks.A. will, buyB. did, buyC. are, havingD. have, had7.--Do you know Lydia very well?--Yes, She and I _____ friends since we were very young.A. have madeB. have becomeC. have beenD. have turned8. The Smiths _______ in China for 8 years.A. has livedB. livedC. have beenD. live9. --Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black?-- Sorry. He ______ the Bainiao Park .A. has been toB. has gone toC. went toD. will go to10. --____ you ever ____ to the US ?-- Yes, twice.A. Have, goneB. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, goingIII. Rewrite the sentences.1. I have been to Macau before. ( 改为否定句)I _ ________ _______ __ been to Macau before.2. He hasn’t come to school because he was ill . ( 就划线部分提问)___ ___ ___ ____ he come to school?3. I bough a new bike just now. ( 用just 改写)I ____ just ____ a new bike.4. We began to learn English three years ago.( 改为同义句)We ____ ____English ____three years5 . He has never surfed, ___ ____ ___ ____? (改成反意疑问句)6 . They have been here since 2000 . ( 对划线部分提问)___ ____ ___ ____have they been here?7 . The old man _________ last year. He has ___ ____ ___ ____for a year. (die) (动词填空)8 . Miss Gao left an hour ago. ( 同义句转换)Miss Gao has _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.A sk the questions1) I have been there for two days.______ ____ _________ _____ _____ you __________ __________ ?2) My father has lived here since 2000._________ _________ __________ your father _________ __________?3) He left here yesterday._________ ________ he _________ __________?4) They bought a book two hours ago.__________ ___________ they __________ a book ?Keys: 1. How long have, been there 2. How long has, lived here 3. When did, leave here 4. When did, buyUse “ never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since ” to fill in the blanks.1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.4. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.”5. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”Keys: 1. never 2. just , already 3. for 4. ever, never 5. yet , just / already现在完成时练习题及答案一、翻译下列句子:你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗?2. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。
3. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。
4. 他已经吃过午饭5. 你已经看过这部电影了吗?6. 我哥哥还没回来。
7. 这本字典我已买了三年了。
8. 他离开中国三年了。
9. 我认识他们五年了。
10. 他们已去了美国五年了。
11. 自从他搬到济宁,他就住这儿了。
12. 我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。
13. 自从1999 年以来他们就认识。
14. 我来到这个学校已 3 年多了。
二、用since 和for 填空1.______two years2.____two years ago3.___last month4.______ 19995._______yesterday6._______ 4 o’clock7 4 hours 8._____an hour ago9. ___we were children10._____ lunch time11.____ she left here12. He has lived in Nanjing ___ the year before last.13. I’ve known him ______ we were children.14. Our teacher has studied Japanese ______ three years.15. She has been away from the city ______ about ten years.16. It’s about ten years __________ she left the cit y.三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语。
①arrive at / in sp / get to / reach sp / come / go / move to sp→be in sp / at school / at home / on the farm / be here / be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He Beijing for .2) I moved t o the USA in 2008. I the USA since .3) I went home yesterday. I home for .4) They came here last week. They ___________ here since _____________.②come to / go back to / return to →be back to go out →be out1) He came out two years ago.He ______________ for ____________.2) We return to Beijing yesterday.We ___ ____________ to Beijing since __________.③become →be1) I became a teacher in 2000. I ________________ a teache r for _________________.2) The river became dirty last year. The river _______ _______ dirty for _______ ________.④close →be closed open →be open1) The shop closed two hours ago. The shop _______________ ______ for _________________.2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door ________ ________ ________ for six hours.⑤get up →be up ;die →be dead ;leave sp. →be away from sp.fall asleep / get tot sleep →be asleep ;finish / end →be over ;marry →be married ;1) I got up two hour s ago.I ________ ______ _______since _______________.2) He left Shanghai just now.He _______ _____________ ______ Shanghai for five minutes.3) My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa _______ _____ ______for _______ ________.4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting ________ ______ ______ for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago .I ________ _____ ___ since _________ _________.6) They married in 1990. They ________ _________ __________since _________.⑥start / begin to do sth. →do sth. ;begin →be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995. I ____ ____ at this school since ____.2) The film began two minutes ago. The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____.⑦borrow →keep ;lose →not have ;buy →have ;put on →wear catch / get a cold →have a cold ;get to know →know1) They borrowed it last week. They __________it since _____________.2) I bought a pen two hours ago. I ____________a pen for _____________.3) I got to know him last year. I ___________ him since ___________.4) I put on my glasses three years ago. I _________ my glasses for ______________.⑧have / has gone to →have been inHe has gone to Beijing.He _____________ Beijing for two days.⑨join the league / the Party / the army→be a league member /a Party member / a soldier→be a member of the league / the Party→be in the league / the Party / the army1) He joined the league in 2002.He _________________ a _________________ for two years.He ___________ a _______ __ the ________ for two years.He _______________________ the league for two years.2) My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother _________a ________ for ___________ ___________.My brother ___________ in ___________ for two years.四、划线提问1) I have been there for two days.__________ _________ __________ you __________ __________ ?2) My father has lived here since 2000._________ _________ __________ your father _________ __________?3) He left here yesterday._________ ________ he _________ __________?4) They bought a book two hours ago.__________ ___________ they __________ a book五、用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。