北京师范大学环境工程专业考博真题-参考书-状元经验
北京大学考博劳动卫生与环境卫生学专业介绍,考博真题,真题解析
考博详解与指导系所名称公共卫生学院招生总数21系所说明本院采取“申请-考核”制方式招收应试生。
招生专业：劳动卫生与环境卫生学(100402)本专业计划招生5人；其中02→05方向限招收推荐直博生。
研究方向指导教师考试科目备注01.职业有害因素致病机制及防治贾光02.分子环境医学郭新彪推荐直博生03.预防医学检验与健康疾病研究/生命元素组学王京宇推荐直博生04.环境流行病学潘小川推荐直博生05.大气污染与急性心血管效应研究黄薇推荐直博生从以下三个方面进行评价：1、语言准确性（语法和用词的准确性、语法结构的复杂性、词汇的丰富程度、发音的准确性）2、话语的长短和连贯性（内容的连贯性、寻找合适词语而造成的停顿频率及长短、表达思想的语言长短等）3、语言的灵活性和适合性（语言表达是否灵活、自然，话语是否得体，语言能否与语境、动能和目的相适应）评价成绩为：a优秀--能用外语就指定的话题进行口头交流，基本没有困难b良好--能用外语就指定的题材进行口头交流，虽有些困难，但不影响交流c及格--能用外语就指定的话题进行简单的口头交流d不及格--不具有口头表达能力中科院招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语口试暂行办法口试内容与结构分为两部分，有两名教师参加口试工作，一名教师主持口试，随时与考生交谈并评分；另一名教师专事评分，不参与交谈。
两名口试教师所给的分数各占口试成绩的50%。
4、面试过程中不要放屁，即使放了，不要承认，让三个老师互相猜疑去。
这是以上三条中最重要的一条，做不到这一条以上三条都白搭。
第一部分：考查学生理解并回答有关日常生活、家庭、工作、学习等问题的能力（3分钟）。
第二部分：考查学生连续表达的能力。
考生从所给你的问题中选择一个话题，就此话题表达自己的看法（3分钟）。
口试用材料（部分,仅供参考）part ainterlocutor(问话者)：------good morning.my name is……,and this is my colleague…..he is just going to listening to us.are your name is…..?------first of all,we’d like to know sth.about you,so i’m going to ask some questions about yourself.(从以下各项问题中选择几个适当的问题提问考生)------hometownwhere are you from?how long have you lived there?how do you like it?why?do you live near here?where about?what do you think are the good points about living in this city?------familycould you tell us sth.about you family?what does your family usually do for the weekend?what do you think about living together with your parents?------leisuredo you have any hobbies?how did you become interested in the hobbies?------study/workwhy do you choose to study at our institute?why do you want to go to graduate school instead of finding a job?what are your favorite subjects?what kind of job did you do?have you ever worked during the vacation?why do you want to go back to study instead of going on with your work?what qualifications are needed in order to do your job well?what did you enjoy most about your campus life?------future planswhat do you expect to achieve during your study if you are enrolled into this institute?do you think english is important for your future plans?in what aspects is it important?part binterlocutor(问话者)：------now i’d like you to talk about sth.for about3minutes.here is a list of topics(将一组话题或问题递给学生)，pls read the topics and choose one from the list you like to talk about.you’ll have5minutes to prepare for your talk.(5分钟后)could you tell me what you want to talk about?all right,you’ll have3minutes to give your talk.would you begin?(the interloculor may intervene only when necessary)topics/questions(只列举了一部分话题)------give your comment on the statement that“a part-time job is an important experience that every college student should have.”------use specific examples to set forth your views on the saying“haste makes waste”.------describe one of your own experiences to demonstrate that“nothing ever becomes real till it is experienced”------explain your understanding of the conventional belief that“age brings wisdom”------what are the current problems of college education?how to resolve them?------some people say there is no absolute truth because“truth”is defined by people and there is no objectivity whenever people are involved.does absolute truth exist or not?why?对策1.自我介绍(self-introduce)。
2014年北京师范大学环境学院考博专业介绍,考博试题,试题解析
考博详解与指导北京师范大学2015年博士生招生专业目录单位代码：10027地址：环境学院206办公室邮政编码：100875联系部门：环境学院电话：58800151联系人：苏俐雅专业代码、名称及研究方向招生导师招生人数考试科目备注022环境学院40由于招生数少于导师人数，实际录取名单由环境学院学位分会讨论后决定020106人口、资源与环境经济学01生态价值评估李巍①1101英语②2282环境学原理③3776环境经济学徐琳瑜02环境经济政策毛显强同上083001环境科学01环境评价、规划与管理程红光①1101英语②2282环境学原理③3769环境规划与管理郝芳华杨志峰曾维华02流域水环境过程郝芳华①1101英语②2282环境学原理③3016水环境学李迎霞刘海飞刘瑞民*欧阳威沈珍瑶王烜杨晓华03城市生态陈彬①1101英语②2282环境学原理模拟与管理③3769环境规划与管理毛建素苏美蓉*田光进杨志峰张力小张妍04土壤污染诊断与修复林春野①1101英语②2282环境学原理③3017土壤环境学赵烨05流域生态过程与湿地健康蔡宴朋①1101英语②2282环境学原理③3768湿地学蔡宴朋老师招生名额为2人李春晖刘强*邵冬冬舒安平孙涛杨薇杨志峰易雨君*赵彦伟06环境污染化学陈静①1101英语②2282环境学原理③3773环境化学郭学军何孟常刘新会牛军峰史江红孙可*夏星辉07生态系统恢复与规划管理董世魁①1101英语②2282环境学原理③3105恢复生态学刘世梁石建斌战金艳08湿地生态环境白军红①1101英语②2285环境生态学③3768湿地学崔保山李晓文09水生态系统管理刘静玲同上083002环境工程黄海鸥老师招生名额为2人01水质控制工程与环境生物技术John CharlesCrittenden*①1101英语②2284环境工程原理③3774环境生物技术冯成洪侯立安黄海鸥李安捷裴元生全向春王颖杨禹*郑少奎竺建荣02大气污染控制田贺忠①1101英语②2284环境工程原理③3019大气污染防治原理与技术03环境模拟与土壤污染修复陈家军①1101英语②2284环境工程原理③3017土壤环境学刘希涛04固体废物处置与资源化李艳霞同上马俊伟*1.What’s your name?2.Does your name have any special meaning?3.Where were you come from?4.What kind of landscape surrounds your hometown?5.What is the climate like in your hometown?6.What is people’s favorite food in your region?7.What do you do during the Spring Festival?8.Can you describe one of the main festivals celebrated?9.Tell me something about the customs of your hometown.10.How long have you lived in XXX?11.What place in XXX do you like best?Why?12.Which is the best place you’ve been to China?13.What is the biggest problem you will face?14.Could you tell me something about your family?、15.When will you get married?16.What social responsibilities should a post-graduate take?17.What difficulties do your parents have concerning their old age?18.Which kind of professor do you like best?19.What does friendship mean to you?What kind of people do you make friend with?20.What is your major?21.How do you like your major?22.When and where did you graduate?What qualifications have you obtained?23.What impressed you most when you were at university?24.What is the best university in your opinion?25.Could you sum up your own study habits in a few points?26.Do you think the subjects you are studying today are relevant to present-day society?Why?27.What do you do for a living?28.What are your job prospects?29.If you had the opportunity to change your subject,what would you do with it?30.What are your spare time interests?31.How do you spend your weekends?32.What is your favorite sport?What are the rules?33.What kind of films do you like best?34.What kind of music do you enjoy?35.Where have you been traveling to?Which place interested you most?36.Do you enjoy traveling?If yes.Where and why?37.What kind of differences in the system of higher education between China and other countries?38.What problem do you think you will have in XXX?39.How will you overcome the difficulties?40.Do you think you will be able to cope with English-demands of your intended study program?41.What difficulties do you think you’ll encounter in your studies?42.What do you intend to study?43.Why did you choose our university?44.Would you want to be a volunteer during Olympic Games?45.If there were an opportunity of studying abroad,what would you do?46.Should you study more theory or do more practice?Give your reasons,please.52.How serious is unemployment among young people?53.In your opinion,what are the most serious problems associated with modern life?54.What do you think have been the most important changes in your study field over the past5years?55.As there are more and more private cars,what do you think the government should do in order to encourage citizens to use public transport?56.How do you see yourself in ten years’time?57.What business do you hope to have?58.What will do if you cannot find a job after graduation?59.How do you afford your tuition?60.Does your family support your decision on studying?What help do they offer?• 1.自我介绍（self-introduce）Good morning.I am glad to be here for this interview.First let me introduce myself.My name is***，24.I come from******，the capital of*******Province.I graduated from the*******department of *****University in July，2001.In the past two years I have been prepareing for the postgraduate examination while I have been teaching*****in NO.****middle School and I was a head-teacher of a class in junior grade two.Now all my hard work has got a result since I have a chance to be interview by you.I am open-minded，quick in thought and very fond of history.In my spare time，I have broad interests like many other youngers.I like reading books，especially those about*******.Frequently I exchange with other people by making comments in the forum on line.In addition，during my college years，I was once a Net-bar technician.So，I have a comparative good command of network application.I am able to operate the computer well.I am skillful in searching for information in Internet.I am a football fan for years.Italian team is my favorite.Anyway，I feel great pity for our country‘s team.I always believe that one will easily lag behind unless he keeps on learning.Of course，if I am given a chance to study ******in this famous University，I will stare no effort to master a good command of advance******.2.考研原因（reasons for my choice）There are several reasons.I have been deeply impressed by the academic atmosphere when I came here last summer.In my opinion，as one of the most famous******in our country，it provide people with enough room to get further enrichment.This is the first reason.The second one is I am long for doing research in******throughout my life.Its a pleasure to be with my favorite******for lifetime.I suppose this is the most important factor in my decision.Thirdly，I learnt a lot from my*****job during the past two years.However，I think further study is still urgent for me to realize self-value.Life is precious.It is necessary to seize any chance for self-development，especially in this competitive modern world.In a word，I am looking forward to making a solid foundation for future profession after two years study here.3.研究生期间你的计划（plans in the postgraduate study）First，I hope I can form systematic view of*****.As for******，my express wish is to get a complete comprehension of the formation and development as well as**************.If possible，I will go on with my study for doctorate degree.In a word，I am looking forward to making a solidfoundation for future profession after two years study here.4.介绍你的家乡（about hometown）I am from，a famous city with a long history over2，200years.It is called“Rong Cheng”because there were lots of banians even900years ago.The city lies in the eastern part of the province.It is the center of politics，economy and culture.Many celebrities were born here，for instance，Yanfu，Xie Bingxin，Lin Zexu and so on..You know，there is a saying that“The greatness of a man lends a glory to a place”。
北京师范大学全球环境变化(全地院)考研 招生人数 参考书 报录比 复试分数线 考研真题 考研经验 招生简章
爱考机构考研－保研－考博高端辅导第一品牌全球变化与地球系统科学研究院全球环境变化专业招生目录单位代码：10027 地址：后主楼2207 邮政编码：100875联系部门：全球变化与地球系统科学研究院电话：58801822 联系人：杨志鹏专业代码、名称及研究方向招生人数考试科目备注027全球变化与地球系统科学研究院26接收推免生比例或人数：15人左右0705Z2全球环境变化2601地球系统模拟①101思想政治理论②201英语一③726普物综合（力热电光）④860自然地理学或969综合化学二(无机化学、分析化学、有机化学)02人类活动与全球变化相互影响机制①101思想政治理论②201英语一③302数学二④860自然地理学或861大气物理03定量遥感①101思想政治理论②201英语一③302数学二④859遥感概论04全球变化经济学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③302数学二④857经济地理学或862环境经济学05水文过程与气候变化①101思想政治理论②201英语一③302数学二④856水文学原理06气候模式的检验和诊断①101思想政治理论②201英语一③302数学二④861大气物理07气候变化机制①101思想政治理论②201英语一③302数学二④860自然地理学或861大气物理08陆气相互作用与气候变化同上09气候变化与土地利用同上10陆地生态系统碳循环①101思想政治理论②201英语一③302数学二④855植物生态学11大气物理与遥感①101思想政治理论②201英语一③302数学二④863大气科学概论12极地遥感①101思想政治理论②201英语一③302数学二④940冰川学概论13温室气体与全球变化①101思想政治理论②201英语一③302数学二④842全球生态学（气候变化与生态响应）14生态气候学与地球系统模拟①101思想政治理论②201英语一③302数学二或726普物综合（力热电光）④855植物生态学或860自然地理学或863大气科学概论15动物医学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③315化学（农）④415动物生理学与生物化学全球变化与地球系统科学研究院全球环境变化专业介绍自二十世纪八十年代开始，国际科学界先后发起并组织实施了以全球变化与地球系统为研究对象，由四大研究计划组成的全球变化研究计划，即：世界气候研究计划（WCRP，World Climate Research Programme）、国际地圈生物圈计划（IGBP，International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme）、全球环境变化人文因素计划(IHDP，International Human Dimension of Global Environmental Change Programme)、生物多样性计划（DIVERSITAS）。
北京师范大学减灾与应急管理研究院地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室考博参考书-考博分数线-专业课真题
北京师范大学减灾与应急管理研究院/地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室考博参考书-考博分数线-专业课真题一、专业的设置北京师范大学减灾与应急管理研究院/地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室每年招收博士生30人，下设自然地理学、地图学与地理信息系统、自然资源、全球环境变化、自然灾害学，共5个专业。
其中自然地理学专业下设气候变化与环境演变，导师有高尚玉、鲁瑞洁、马玉贞、伍永秋；水土保持与荒漠化防治，导师有程宏、严平、张春来、邹学勇。
本专业拟招生5名地图学与地理信息系统专业下设地表遥感与减灾信息系统，导师有曹鑫、程昌秀、崔喜红、宫阿都、蒋卫国、李京、唐宏、武建军。
本专业拟招生5名自然资源专业下设顾卫的海岸带自然资源开发与利用；何春阳、邬建国、于德永的城市生态与规划；何春阳、邬建国、于德永的景观生态与土地系统设计；张全国的微生物生态学；高琼的生态系统生态学及模型。
本专业拟招生5名全球环境变化专业下设龚道溢、杨静的全球气候变化，大气科学、物理、数学专业背景的学生优先；周涛的陆地生态系统碳循环；地球系统模拟，导师有丑洁明、董文杰、韦志刚、延晓冬、袁文平。
本专业拟招生5名自然灾害学专业下设自然灾害评价，导师有Carl Christian Jager、胡霞、胡小兵、李宁、刘吉夫、刘连友、刘燕华、史培军、王瑛、徐伟、张朝、张国明；自然灾害风险分析与模型，导师有方伟华、黄崇福、孟耀斌、汪明、杨赛霓、叶谦、叶涛、赵晗萍，培养从事灾害风险识别、风险定量化分析、风险综合评估的科研和行业专业人才。
本专业拟招生10名本院拟招收本科直博生12名左右，硕博连读生5名左右。
由于导师人数多于招生名额，招生将根据初试、复试成绩，由院招生工作委员会决定，择优录取。
二、考试的科目气候变化与环境演变的考试科目为：①1101英语②2049自然地理学③3026环境演变原理水土保持与荒漠化防治的考试科目为：①1101英语②2049自然地理学③3028地貌学或3029土壤学或3031荒漠化防治地图学与地理信息系统的考试科目为：①1101英语②2007遥感学原理③3033地理信息系统海岸带自然资源开发与利用的考试科目为：①1101英语或1103日语②2049自然地理学或2096土壤学概论③3050生态学概论或3123气象学与气候学城市生态与规划的考试科目为：①1101英语②2014概率论与数理统计③3033地理信息系统或3168景观生态学景观生态与土地系统设计的考试科目为：①1101英语②2014概率论与数理统计③3033地理信息系统或3168景观生态学微生物生态学的考试科目为：①1101英语②2023高等数学与数理统计③3065生态学生态系统生态学及模型的考试科目为：①1101英语②2023高等数学与数理统计③3065生态学全球气候变化的考试科目为：①1101英语②2011大气物理学或2049自然地理学③3046气候学概论陆地生态系统碳循环的考试科目为：①1101英语②2007遥感学原理或2049自然地理学③3046气候学概论或3050生态学概论地球系统模拟的考试科目为：①1101英语②2011大气物理学或2049自然地理学③3036高等天气学或3046气候学概论或3097大气动力学自然灾害评价①1101英语或1103日语②2049自然地理学③3051气象灾害学或3056灾害学原理或3064自然灾害风险分析自然灾害风险分析与模型的考试科目为：①1101英语②2013模糊信息优化处理或2014概率论与数理统计③3056灾害学原理或3064自然灾害风险分析三、导师介绍高尚玉：理学博士，教授，博导，北京师范大学科技处处长鲁瑞洁：副教授，硕士生导师马玉贞,北京师范大学教授,博士生导师,环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室副主任，中国孢粉学分学会理事。
北京师范大学化学学院 —考博招生介绍—考试内容—考试指南
一对一教学。
学员三、
高犇：中科院数学研究所博士
简介：育明考博 14 届优秀学员，2013 年 12 月份进入育明考博辅导课程，
所选课程为考博英语特别保录班与专业课定向保录班。经过近三个月高强度
的辅导学习，顺利考入中科院数学院就所。
学员四、
育明考博咨询电话：400-668-6978 咨询 QQ：493371626
论
学二
60 分，总分不低于 190 分。
实践组（复试一组）：重点考
察考生实践经验及实践能力、实践
070302 分析化学
①1101 英语②2008 化学一③3188 化 案例分析。考生进场后，自我陈述
学二
3 分钟左右，然后回答案例问题，
考官提问。
070303 有机化学
科研组（复试二组）：重点考
①1101 英语②2008 化学一③3188 化 察考生科研经验及科研能力、研究 学二
第6页共8页
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
中国考博辅导首选学校
张广超：中国矿业大学大学资源与安全工程学院博士
简介：育明考博 14 届优秀学员，硕士毕业于中国矿业大学资源与安全工程
学院。2013 年 12 月份进入育明考博辅导课程，所选课程为考博英语一对一。
经过三个月的冲刺学习顺利考入中国矿业大学大学资源与安全工程学院矿
方式上进行个性化的设置，推动每一位学员都能够在最短的时间内取得理论知识与应
试技巧的最大提升。近几年育明考博的辅导课程取得了卓著的成绩，每年都有近百人 进入北京各院校的重点学科，以下是关于几位优秀学员的介绍：
学员一、 张立平：北京大学藏学研究院博士（在职） 简介：育明考博优秀学员，硕士毕业于上海外国语大学。所选课程为北大
(完整)北师大考博士经验
北师大考博士经验考北师大博士需要做的事情虽然没有被录取，但还是有一些经验，传授给即将考博的同学，以免被北师大耽误.考前一定的联系导师，无论是通过电话还是email，这是非常重要的一步.联系导师主要是说明你的报考意向，招几个等问题，看导师怎么回复.有时也可以间接问是否有“排队现象”，一些老师很负责任，他会委婉地告诉你别报,否则考也是白考.但有些老师还是不说,但如果其回复感觉对你没有多大兴趣, 只是说一些冠冕堂皇的话，也最好不要报。
我今年本来准备报南师大，但那边老师建议我没报，我也就没报哪儿。
后来报了北师大,但导师没怎么说，其实他自己心里已经有人选了,结果白考了一次，害得现在很多找工作的机会也错过了。
2. 如果导师有意向要你，或者你铁了心报他,那再考前一定要见一面导师,带点家乡的特产就可以了。
以相互了解.我今年就犯了这个错误，我的师兄师姐建议我去，我都没有.因为当时实际也没报多少希望。
3。
一定要弄到近几年的真题进行研究，揣摩老师的命题方向。
而且还很可能有重复的试题。
像教育学院的考题，去年和今年有一道题,完全一样。
4. 在考之前还要看北师大各位导师近四年来发表的文章。
导师的一定要熟悉，像今年教育学原理实行的是 3+1 模式，即前三道为各方向都做的题，最后一道根据自己的方向选择做。
而最后一道往往就是导师发表过的一些文章里的内容（今年我报的方向即是） 5. 在考试之前还得看看近几年北师大学报上的相关文章、以及北师大的《教育学报》等杂志。
6。
答题时一定要条理清晰，一些表示观点的“第一、第二等”字眼要明显.答题即需要有自己的观点，但也不能太过自信，掌握好尺度。
另外思路一定要清楚，要体现出基本的研究思维.我今年的答题，自己估分不能及格，结果比预料的高出很多，有一门还是80 分以上，其中我感觉是我的答题思路赢的了高分。
7. 分数公布后，看看自己的面试分数，基本可以推测能否上.一般而言，百分制，70 分是底线分数.如果导师想要你一般都在90 分以上。
北京师范大学环境工程(环境学院)考研 招生人数 参考书 报录比 复试分数线 考研真题 考研经验 招生简章
爱考机构考研－保研－考博高端辅导第一品牌环境学院环境工程专业招生目录单位代码：10027 地址：水模拟楼206办公室邮政编码：100875 联系部门：环境学院电话：58800151 联系人：赵金博专业代码、名称及研究方向招生人数考试科目备注022环境学院58接收推免生比例或人数：30人左右020106人口、资源与环境经济学401环境经济分析①101思想政治理论②201英语一③303数学三④981环境经济学02生态价值评估同上081501水文学及水资源301水资源管理①101思想政治理论②201英语一③301数学一④982工程水文学02生态需水与水资源配置同上081502水力学及河流动力学301生态水文与水力①101思想政治理论②201英语一③301数学一④982工程水文学02环境水力学同上083001环境科学3401流域水环境过程①101思想政治理论②201英语一或203日语③302数学二④966环境科学综合(环境科学概论100分,生态学50分)02城市生态系统管理同上03环境信息系统同上04环境污染同上化学05环境评价、规划与管理同上06环境生态过程①101思想政治理论②201英语一③302数学二④966环境科学综合(环境科学概论100分,生态学50分)07湿地水文过程同上083002环境工程1401大气污染控制与环境规划①101思想政治理论②201英语一③302数学二④984环境工程984环境工程含：水污染控制100分（必选）；固体废物处理与处置、大气污染控制各50分（任选一）02废物处置与资源化技术同上03水质控制工程同上环境学院环境工程专业介绍作为我国最早从事环境学科研究生培养单位之一，北京师范大学1982年建立环境科学硕士点，1991年建立环境科学博士点，2001年建立环境工程硕士点，2002年环境科学被评为国家级重点学科，2003年环境科学与工程成为国家一级博士学位授权学科，2004年建立环境工程博士点，2008年环境工程被评为北京市重点学科。
北京师范大学人文地理学梁进社、宋金平、周尚意的城市与区域发展研究考博真题-参考书-状元经验
北京师范大学人文地理学梁进社、宋金平、周尚意的城市与区域发展研究考博真题-参考书-状元经验一、专业的设置北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院每年招收博士生26人，下设课程与教学论、自然地理学、人文地理学、地图学与地理信息系统，共3个专业。
人文地理学专业下设梁进社、宋金平、周尚意的城市与区域发展研究；张文新的城市发展与城市规划研究；吴殿廷的区域和旅游规划；葛岳静的全球化与地缘环境。
二、考试的科目人文地理学的考试科目为：①1101英语或1103日语②2264人文地理学③3744经济地理学三、导师介绍梁进社，1957年3月生，北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院教授、博士生导师。
北京大学地理学系本科和研究生毕业，分别获理学学士和硕士学位。
宋金平，男，博士，现任北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院教授，研究领域为城乡发展与区域规划，城市化与人口迁移，土地利用。
周尚意（1960-），女。
北京师范大学地理学学士，北京大学经济学硕士，北京师范大学地理学院人文地理学博士。
北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院城市与区域规划研究所所长，教授。
中国地理学会常务理事，副秘书长。
四、参考书目专业课信息应当包括一下几方面的内容：第一，关于参考书和资料的使用。
这一点考生可以咨询往届的博士学长，也可以和育明考博联系。
参考书是理论知识建立所需的载体，如何从参考书抓取核心书目，从核心书目中遴选出重点章节常考的考点，如何高效的研读参考书、建立参考书框架，如何灵活运用参考书中的知识内容来答题，是考生复习的第一阶段最需完成的任务。
另外，考博资料获取、复习经验可咨询叩叩：肆九叁叁，柒壹六，贰六，专业知识的来源也不能局限于对参考书的研读，整个的备考当中考生还需要阅读大量的paper，读哪一些、怎么去读、读完之后应该怎么做，这些也会直接影响到考生的分数。
第二，专题信息汇总整理。
每一位考生在复习专业课的最后阶段都应当进行专题总结，专题的来源一方面是度历年真题考点的针对性遴选，另一方面是导师研究课题。
北京师范大学逻辑学专业郭佳宏哲学逻辑考博真题-参考书-状元经验
北京师范大学逻辑学专业郭佳宏哲学逻辑考博真题-参考书-状元经验一、专业的设置北京师范大学哲学与社会学学院每年招收博士生22人，下设马克思主义哲学、中国哲学、外国哲学、逻辑学、伦理学、美学、宗教学、科学技术哲学、科学思想史与科学社会史以及思想政治教育共十个专业。
逻辑学专业下设郭佳宏的哲学逻辑。
二、考试的科目逻辑学的考试科目为：①1101英语或1102俄语或1103日语或1105德语②2094现代逻辑基础③3120逻辑哲学和逻辑史三、导师介绍郭佳宏：博士，北京师范大学哲学与社会学学院副教授，博士生导师。
郭佳宏，男，汉族，1976年11月生，浙江普陀人，博士，北京师范大学哲学与社会学学院副教授，博士生导师，中国逻辑学会理事，现代逻辑专业委员会副主任。
四、参考书目专业课信息应当包括一下几方面的内容：第一，关于参考书和资料的使用。
这一点考生可以咨询往届的博士学长，也可以和育明考博联系。
参考书是理论知识建立所需的载体，如何从参考书抓取核心书目，从核心书目中遴选出重点章节常考的考点，如何高效的研读参考书、建立参考书框架，如何灵活运用参考书中的知识内容来答题，是考生复习的第一阶段最需完成的任务。
另外，考博资料获取、复习经验可咨询叩叩：肆九叁叁，柒壹六，贰六，专业知识的来源也不能局限于对参考书的研读，整个的备考当中考生还需要阅读大量的paper，读哪一些、怎么去读、读完之后应该怎么做，这些也会直接影响到考生的分数。
第二，专题信息汇总整理。
每一位考生在复习专业课的最后阶段都应当进行专题总结，专题的来源一方面是度历年真题考点的针对性遴选，另一方面是导师研究课题。
最后一方面是专业前沿问题。
每一个专题都应当建立详尽的知识体系，做到专题知识点全覆盖。
第三，专业真题及解析。
专业课的试题都是论述题，答案的开放性比较强。
一般每门专业课都有有三道大题，考试时间各3小时，一般会有十几页答题纸。
考生在专业课复习中仅仅有真题是不够的，还需要配合对真题最权威最正统的解析，两相印证才能够把握导师出题的重点、范围以及更加偏重哪一类的答案。
北京师范大学教育经济与管理考博内容答案专业课复习资料真题解析-育明考博
北师大教育经济与管理专业考博考试内部复习资料--育明考博一、北京师范大学教育经济与管理专业考博考试内容分析（育明考博辅导中心）专业招生人数初试内容复试内容120403教育经济与管理3人①1101英语（100分）②2241微观与宏观经济学（100分）③3374教育经济学（100分）①专业知识和能力（含本学科专业理论知识、分析解决问题的能力、外语听说能力）②综合素质和能力育明考博辅导中心李老师解析：1、北京师范大学教育经济与管理专业考博的报录比平均在7:1左右（竞争较激烈）2、本专业有3个研究方向：公共财政与教育财政（王善迈）、教育与劳动力市场（赖德胜）、教育财政（袁连生）。
3、同等学力考生复试笔试加试科目：两门硕士阶段专业基础课、政治理论4、初试英语拉开的分差较小，两门专业课拉开的分差非常大。
要进入复试就必须在两门专业课中取得较高的分数。
专业课的复习备考中“信息”和“方向”比单纯的时间投入和努力程度更重要。
5、北师大考博初试外语中不含听力。
6、学院并不指定外语和专业课复习的参考书。
育明教育考博分校针对北京师范大学教育经济与管理专业考博开设的辅导课程有：考博英语课程班·专业课课程班·视频班·复试保过班·高端协议班。
每年专业课课程班的平均通过率都在80%以上。
根植育明学校从2006年开始积累的深厚高校资源，整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料，为每一位学员构建考博成功的基础保障。
（北师大考博资料获取、课程咨询育明教育李老师叩叩：893.241.226）。
二、北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院历年考博复试分数线（育明考博辅导中心）年份复试成绩要求2013年外语48分专业一60分专业二60分2014年外语45分专业一60分专业二60分2015年外语50分专业一60分专业二60分育明考博辅导中心李老师解析：1、经济与工商管理学院共有7个专业，各专业之间报录比差别还是比较大的，2、根据最新的信息，学院将会逐步增加硕博连读的名额，减少在职定向读博的名额。
北京师范大学环境科学专业考博真题-参考书-状元经验
北京师范大学环境科学专业考博真题-参考书-状元经验一、专业的设置北京师范大学环境学院每年招收博士生40人，下设人口、资源与环境经济学；环境科学；环境工程，共3个专业。
环境科学专业下设环境评价、规划与管理，导师有程红光、郝芳华、杨志峰、曾维华；流域水环境过程，导师有郝芳华、李迎霞、刘海飞、刘瑞民、欧阳威、沈珍瑶、王烜、杨晓华；城市生态模拟与管理，导师有陈彬、毛建素、苏美蓉、田光进、杨志峰、张力小、张妍；林春野、赵烨的土壤污染诊断与修复；流域生态过程与湿地健康，导师有蔡宴朋、李春晖、刘强、邵冬冬、舒安平、孙涛、杨薇、杨志峰、易雨君、赵彦伟；环境污染化学，导师有陈静、郭学军、何孟常、刘新会、牛军峰、史江红、孙可、夏星辉；生态系统恢复与规划管理，导师有董世魁、刘世梁、石建斌、战金艳；湿地生态环境，导师有白军红、崔保山、李晓文；刘静玲的水生态系统管理。
二、考试的科目环境评价、规划与管理的考试科目为：①1101英语②2282环境学原理③3769环境规划与管理流域水环境过程的考试科目为：①1101英语②2282环境学原理③3016水环境学城市生态模拟与管理的考试科目为：①1101英语②2282环境学原理③3769环境规划与管理土壤污染诊断与修复的考试科目为：①1101英语②2282环境学原理③3017土壤环境学流域生态过程与湿地健康的考试科目为：①1101英语②2282环境学原理③3768湿地学环境污染化学的考试科目为：①1101英语②2282环境学原理③3773环境化学生态系统恢复与规划管理的考试科目为：①1101英语②2282环境学原理③3105恢复生态学湿地生态环境的考试科目为：①1101英语②2285环境生态学③3768湿地学水生态系统管理的考试科目为：①1101英语②2285环境生态学③3768湿地学三、导师介绍程红光，北京师范大学环境学院副教授，主要从事非点源污染、流域污染控制等方面的科研和教学工作。
北大考博辅导：北京大学地理学(环境地理学)考博难度解析及经验分享
北大考博辅导：北京大学地理学（环境地理学）考博难度解析及经验分享2018-2019年考研时，地理学专业考研学校排名是广大考研学子十分关心的问题，2017年12月28日，教育部学位与研究生教育发展中心发布了最新第四轮地理学学科评估结果，是目前比较权威的排名数据。
从榜单中我们可以看出，全国共有43所开设地理学类专业的大学参与了排名，其中排名第一的是北京大学，排名第二的是北京师范大学，排名第三的是华东师范大学。
下面是启道考博整理的关于北大地理学（环境地理学）考博相关内容。
一、专业介绍资源与环境地理系环境地理学教研室是国内最早研究环境问题的单位之一，陈静生、关伯仁等老一辈教授是中国环境科学的主要开拓者，自五十年代初以来一直从事环境地理学和环境生物地球化学方面的研究。
随着技术手段和研究水平的不断提高，先后取得了大量理论科研成果，并在解决实际环境问题方面发挥了重要作用。
通过211以及985计划等的支持，本学科点在科研人才、设备、科研成果等方面在国内已经具有了一定优势，在若干领域也取得了一系列高水平研究成果。
目前，国外研究的热点是探索微量污染物在多介质环境中的归趋、如污染水平、空间分布、动态变化、来源解析、界面迁移、多介质模拟、生物吸收、生态效应和健康危害等。
本教研室目前研究重点包括两个方面。
一是重点研究持久性有机污染物的区域环境过程和对生物吸收的有效性。
二是重点研究有毒有害化学物质(包括内分泌干扰物质，持久性有机污染物质和新出现的环境污染物质), 在食物链中的传递规律与机制、生态健康危害机理和风险评价。
近5年来，本教研室承担了包括1项国家自然科学基金创新群体科研项目、2项国家自然科学基金重点项目、1项973课题、多项国际合作项目、2项国家杰出青年基金项目、1项教育部跨世纪人才基金项目、1项教育部中国高等学校优秀青年教师教学科研奖励计划资助项目、多项国家自然科学基金面上项目、多个攻关项目及其他有关项目。
在近年的研究工作中，随着实验室技术手段和研究水平的不断提高，先后取得了大量理论科研成果，并在解决实际环境问题方面发挥了重要作用，目前已经成为我国环境地学领域学术水平最高的科研基地之一，拥有一流的研究设备，形成了以中青年骨干为主的学术团队和浓厚的学术氛围，在微量有机污染物区域环境过程和生物有效性等研究领域获得了一系列有国际影响的成果，每年在国际本领域学术刊物发表论文十余篇，为国家培养了大量环境领域人才。
北京师范大学环境学院2017年博士入学考试 环境学原理真题 回忆版
北京师范大学环境学院2017年博士入学考试环境学原理真题
回忆版
一、简答（15’×4,7选4）
1、雾霾的组成、形成原因、防控措施
2、富营养化的原因、措施
3、“气十条”的目标与任务
4、简述土壤环境监测与大气环境监测的布点与采样时间的不同之处，并说明原因。
5、6、7记不清了，关于城市的，关于生态质量的等
二、论述（20’×2）
1、根据你硕士论文或者做过的项目，谈一谈相关领域的研究进展，创新点及拟解决的关键问题。
2、根据你所学专业知识，谈一谈如何提高城市生态环境质量，保障人居安全。
北京师范大学博士入学英语试题及答案详解
北京师范大学考博英语试题及答案解析第一部分：试题Part 1 Listening Comprehension (15%)Part 11 Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: Read the following passages carefully and then select the best answer from the four choices marked A,B,C, and D by marking the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1The fitness movement that began in the late 1960s and early 1970s centered around aerobic exercise (有氧操). Millions of individuals became engaged in a variety of aerobic activities, and literally thousands of health spas developed around the country to capitalize (获利) on this emerging interest in fitness, particularly aerobic dancing for females. A number of fitness spas existed prior to this aerobic fitness movement, even a national chain with spas in most major cities. However, their focus was not on aerobics, but rather on weight-training programs designed to develop muscular mass, strength, and endurance in their primarily male enthusiasts. These fitness spas did not seem to benefit financially form the aerobic fitness movement to better health, since medical opinion suggested that weight-training programs offered few, if any, health benefits. In recent years, however, weight training has again become increasingly popular for males and for females. Many current programs focus not only on developing muscular strength and endurance but on aerobic fitness as well.Historically, most physical-fitness tests have usually included measures of muscular strength and endurance, not for health-related reasons, but primarily because such fitness components have been related to performance in athletics. However, in recent years, evidence has shown that training programs designed primarily to improve muscular strength and endurance might also offer some health benefits as well. The American College of Sports Medicine now recommends that weight training be part of a total fitness program for healthy Americans. Increased participation in such training is one of the specific physical activity and fitness objectives of Healthy People 2000: National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives.16. The word “spas” (Line 3, Para. 1) most probably refers to _________.A) sports activitiesB) places for physical exerciseC) recreation centersD) athletic training programs17. Early fitness spas were intended mainly for __________.A) the promotion of aerobic exerciseB) endurance and muscular developmentC) the improvement of women’s figuresD) better performance in aerobic dancing18. What was the attitude of doctors towards weight training in health improvement?A) Positive.B) Indifferent.C) Negative.D) Cautious.19. People were given physical fitness tests in order to find out ________.A) how ell they could do in athleticsB) what their health condition was likeC) what kind of fitness center was suitable for themD) whether they were fit for aerobic exercise20. Recent studies have suggested that weight training __________.A) has become an essential part of people’s lifeB) may well affect the health of the traineesC) will attract more people in the days to comeD) contributes to health improvement as well2Fungi, of which there are over 100,000 species, including yeasts and othersingle-celled organisms as well as the common molds and mushrooms, were formerly classified as members of the plant kingdom, However, in reality they are very differentfrom paints and today they are placed in a separate group altogether, The principal reasonfor this is that none of there possesses chlorophyll, and since they cannot synthesize their own carbohydrates. They obtain their supplies either from the breakdown of dead organic matter or from other living organisms, Furthermore the walls of fungal cells are not madeof cellulose, as those of plants are, but of another complex sugar-like polymer called chitin the material from which the hard outer skeletons of shrimps, spiders, and insects are made. The difference between the chemical composition of the cell walls of fungi andthose of plants is of enormous importance because it enables the tips of the growing hyphac, the threadlike cells of the fungus, to secrete enzymes that break down the walls of plant cells without having any effect on those of the fungus itself It is thesecellulose-destroying enzymes that enable fungi to attack anything made from wood, wood pulp, cotton, flax, or other plant material.The destructive power of fungi is impressive, They are major cause of structure damage to building timbers, a cause of disease in animals and humans, and one of the greatest causes of agricultural losses. Entire crops can be wiped out by fungal attacks both before and after harvesting, Some fungi can grow at+50 oC , while others can grow at-50 oC , so even food in cold storage may not be completely safe from them, On the other hand,fung bring about the decomposition of dead organic matter, this enriching the soil and returning carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, They also enter into a number of mutually beneficial relationships with plants and other organisms In addition, lung are the sourceof marry of the most potent antibiotics used in clinical medicine, including penicillin21. What does paragraph one mainly discuss?A. differences between simple and complex fungiB. functions of chlorophyll in plantsC. functions of sugar in the walls of fungal cellsD. differences between fungi and plants22. Which of the following is mentioned as a major change in how scientists approach thestudy of fungi?A. Fungi are no longer classified as plants.B. Some single-celled organisms are no longer classified as fungiC. New methods of species identification have been introducedD. Theories about the chemical composition of fungi have been revised.23. The skeletons of shrimps, spiders and insects are mentioned in paragraph one because they______.A. can be destroyed by fungiB. have unusual chemical compositionsC. contain a material found in the walls of fungal cellsD. secrete the same enzymes as the walls of fungal cells do24. Fungi have all the following characteristics EXCEPT _______.A. They grow hyphacB. They secrete enzymesC. They synthezise celluloseD. They destroy crops25. The passage mentions “penicillin”(last line) as an example of _______.A. a medicine derived from plantsB. a beneficial use of fungiC. a product of theD. a type of fungi that grows at extreme temperatures3By far the most important United States export product in the 18 th and 19th centurieswas cotton favored by the European textile over flax or wool because it was easyto process and soft to touch. Mechanization of spinning and waving allowed significant centralization and expansion in the textile industry during this period and at the same timethe demand for cotton increased dramatically. American producers were able to meet this demand largely because of the invention of the coition gin by Eli Whitey in 1793. Cottoncould be grown throughout the South, but separating the fiber—or lint—from the seed wasa laborious process. Sea island cotton was relatively easy to process by hand, because itsfibers were long and seeds were concentrated at the base of the flower, but is demandedlong growing season, available only along the nation’s casterm seacoast .Short-staplecotton required a much shorter growing season, but the shortness of the fibers and theirmixture with seeds meant that a worker could hand-process only about one pound per day Whitney’s gin was a hand-powered machine with revolving drums and metal teeth to pull Cotton fibers away from seeds . Using the gin, a worker could produce up to SO percents ofLint a day The later development of larger gins powered by horses, water or streamMultiplied productivity furtherThe interaction of improved processing and high demand led to a rapid spread of thecultivation of cotton and to a surge in production. It became the main American export dwarfing all others. In 1802 cotton composed 14 percent of total American exports by value Cotton had a 36 percent share by 1810 and over 50 percent share in 1830. In 1860 61 percent of the value of American exports was represented by cotton.In contrast, wheat and wheat flour composed only 6 percent of the value of American exports in that year Clearly, cotton was king in the trade of the young republic. The growing market for cotton and other American agricultural products led to an unprecedented expansion of agricultural settlement, mostly in the eastern half of the United States—west of the Appalachian Mountains and east of the Mississippi River.26. The main point of the passage is that the 18th and 19th centuries were a time when _________.A. the European textile industry increased its demand for American export productsB. Cotton became the most important American export productC. Cotton became a profitable crop but was still time-consuming to processD. Mechanization for spinning and weaving dramatically changed the textile industry27. All of the following are mentioned in the passage as reasons for the increased demand for cotton EXCPPT______.A. cotton’s softnessB. cotton’s case of processingC. a shortage of flax and woolD. the growth that occurred in the textile industry28. According to the passage, one advantage of Sea island cotton was its _______.A. abundance of seedsB. adaptability to different climatesC. long growing seasonD. long fibers29. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about cotton-production in the United States after the introduction of Whitney’s cotton gin?A. More cotton come from Sea Inland cotton plants than before.B. More cotton came from short-staple cotton plants than beforeC. Most cotton produced was sold domestically.D. Most cotton produced was exported to England.30. According to the passage, the Mississippi River was ______.A. one of the boundaries of a region where new agricultural settlement took placeB. a major source of water for agricultural cropsC. the primary route by which agricultural crops were transportedD. a main source of power for most agricultural machinery4Why do some new products succeed, bringing millions of dollars to innovatingCompanies, while others fail, often with great losses? The answer is not simple, and certainly we cannot say that “good”products succeed while “bad”products fail Many products that function well and seen to meet consumer needs have fallen by the wayside Sometimes, virtually identical products exist in the market at the same time with one emerging as profitable while the other fails, MeNeal Laboratories Tylenol has become successful as an aspirin substitute, yet Bristol-Meyers entered the lest market at about the same time with Neotrent, also a substitute for aspirin, which quickly failedThe nature of the product is a factor in its success of failure, but the important point is the consumer’s perception of the products need-satisfying capability, Any new product conception should be aimed at meeting a customer need, and the introductory promotion should seek to communicate that need-satisfying quality and motivate the customer to try may be soughtHere the company walks a tightrope A new product is more likely to be successful if it represents a truly novel way of solving a customer problem but this very newness, if carried too far, may ask the customer to team new behavior patterns, The customer willmake the change if the perceived benefit is sufficient but inertia is strong and customerswill often not go to the effort that is required, During the late sixties and early seventies Bristol-Meyers met with new product failures that exemplify both of these problems, In1967 and 1968 the company entered the market with a $5 million advertising campaignfor Fact toothpaste, and an $11 million campaign to prorate Resolve, Both productsfailed quickly, not because they didn’t work or because there was no construer need but apparently because consumers just could see no reason to shift from an alreadysatisfactory product to a different one that promised no new benefit.31. The first sentence of the first paragraph is a question to which the answer is ________.A. that the good products succeed while the bad failB. that the “good”are not really good but the “bad”are actually bad.C. that new products will succeed if they function well and fail if they don’tD. not given in the paragraph32. What are Tylenol and Neotrend?A. They are names of twp drug manufacturers.B. They are probably two new brands of medicine which serve as a substitute for aspirinC. Tylenol is a drug manufacturer whereas Neotrend is a new substitute medicine for aspirin.D. They are probably the names of chemists who invented the new medicine33. The success or failure of a product seems to be determined by a number of factors, one of which the author emphasizes is the customer’s perception of the product’s ______.A. quality and priceB. usefulness and durabilityC. need-satisfying capabilityD. appearance and inner packing34. What does the author mean when be says “the company walks a tightrope’(Sentence 1, paragraph 3)?A. The company has both the chance to succeed and to fail in dealing in a new productB. The company has to study customer’s behavior before a new product is introduced.C. The company has to find a new way to solve customers problems before a new product is put on the market.D. The company has to make a great effort to overcome the customer’s inertia35. Bristol-Meyers failed in promoting Fact toothpaste and Resolve because ______.A. these products were too expensive as compared with their direct competitorsB. both products failed to meet the customers’needsC. the customers could see no sense of a radical change of their habitsD. the company forgot an English saying: “You cannot teach an old dog new tricks’5With the release of The piano a powerfully emotional story set in nineteenth-centuryNew Zealand about a woman’s sexual awakening, the New Zealand –born Jane Campionbas established herself as one of the most talented female filmmakers to come upon thescene in recent years .The film not only received praiseful reviews from critics andmoviegoers but won the Cannes Film Festival’s top prize the Palme D’Ot makingCampion the first woman over to be so honored .Campion’s success is notable alsobecause she is a relative newcomer to the film world: the forty-year-old director has madejust three features (including The Piano), a television movie, and a handful of shortsdating from her student days.Although Campion’s films appear at first glance to have little in common—her first feature, Sweetie, is a very honest (some would say cruelly unfeeling) portrait of a dysfunctional family and her second, An Angel at My Table, is a sympathetic biography ofthe New Zealand novelist Janet Frame—each reflects her feeling for strong-willed, often misunderstood women who refuse, or are unable to give themselves up to their respective societies’definitions of womanhood According to David Sterritt writing in the Christian Science Monitor, The Piano “gain much of its effectiveness from Campion’s directing style, which combines the dreamlike atmosphere of her early film Sweetie with thesensitivity to feelings that made her last movie. An Angel at My Table, so extraordinary”Also contributing to the film’s success was Campion’s ability to induce fine performances from her character, ‘She directs actors differently from anyone I’ve ever known ,”SamNeil told Paul Freeman in an interview for the Chicago Tribute “I always felt that therewas a big safety net under her and that I was permitted to take as many risks as I wantedto “Genevieve Lemon, who had played the title role in Sweetie and took the supportingrole of Nessie in The Piano, agreed Campion is already at work on her next project an adaptation of Henry Jaures’s novel The Portrait of a lady.36. The passage is primarily concerned with _______.A. presenting the interrelationships between Campion’s three moviesB. commenting on Jane Campion as a filmmaker and her recent movie, The PianoC. explaining why The Plano was a successD. criticizing Jane Campion and her three movies37. According to the passage, Campion’s three movies share which of the following characteristics?A. All of them seem to be quite commonplace at first glance.B. All of them deal with stories that took place in New Zealand.C. All of them describe a woman who is rebellious against the traditional view of femaleD. Each movie minors the time when the movie was produced.38. It can be concluded that Campion is regarded as one of the most talented filmmakers in recent years because _______.A. the movie that has brought such great honor to her is just the third feature she has producedB. she is only 40 years oldC. she is the first woman who has received such honorsD. she began her movie production from her student days39. It can be inferred from the passage that Campion’s directing style of the hird movie_________.A. is a simple combination of those in her two early moviesB. contributed greatly to the success of the movieC. is much of an imitation of previous onesD. is quite creative40. The author implies that Campion is different from other filmmakers in that_______.A. she is especially good at making the actors perform to the best of their abilityB. she is quite able to assure the actors of their successC. she tends to encourage the actors to take as many risks as possibleD. she always places a big safety net under the actors when directing the movies6Speech—the act of uttering sounds to convey meaning is a kind of human actionLike any other constantly repeated action, speaking has to be learned but once it isLearned, it becomes a generally unconscious and apparently automatic process.As far as we can determine human beings do not need to be forced to speak mostBabies born to possess a sort of instinctive drive to produce speechlike noises How tospeak and what to say are another matter altogether, These actions are learned from the particular society into which the baby is born; so that, like all conduct that is learned froma society—from the people around us—speech is a pattered activity.The meandering babble and chatter of a young child are eventually channeled by imitation into a few orderly grooves that represent the pattern accepted as meaningful bythe people around him. Similarly, a child’s indiscriminate practice of putting things intohis mouth becomes limited to putting food into his mouth in a certain way.The sounds that a child can make are more varied and numerous than the sounds thatany particular language utilizes, However, a child born into a society with a pattern oflanguage is encouraged to make a small selection of sounds and to make these few sounds over and over until it is natural for him to make these sounds and no others.41. For an adult the process of speaking usually involves________.A. conscious selection of soundsB. imitation of those around himC. a drive to make noisesD. unconscious actions42. The selection says that most babies have an instinctive drive to ______.A. express ideas in wordsB. make speechliks noisesC. convey meaningD. imitate sounds around them43. Conduct that is learned from a society may be called________.A. instinctive driveB. selectionC. automatic activityD. patterned activity44. The most important factor in a child’s learning to speak probably is _____.A. repetitionB. selectionC. instinctD. imitation45. The sounds that a child is able to make are _____.A. not as varied as those used in languageB. more varied and numerous than those in any languageC. far fewer than those needed to form a languageD. completely different from the sounds of languagePart III Translation and Writing (55%)Section A Translation (40%)Translate the following into Chinese1) He was taken to the huge medieval fortress at the harbour’s mouth, He found prison life fairly endurable His cell was darup and dark, and the food was bud and insufficient; but his sister soon obtained permission to seed him all the necessaries of life from borne He was kept in solitary confinement and failed to obtain any explanation of the cause of his arrest Nevertheless the tranquil frame of mind in which he had entered the fortress did not change Not being allowed books, he spent his time in prayer and devout meditation, and waited without impatience for the further course of events.2) Industrial engineering involves the application of engineering principles and techniques of scientific management to the maintenance of a high level of productivity at optimum cost in industrial enterprises, In the 1880s F. W. Taylor considered the father ofmodem industrial engineering pioneered in the scientific measurement of work Afternumerous work studies he presented his company with a formula for obtaining maximum production, which was later applied to many manufacturing concerns, The industrial. or science, Among his responsibilities are the selection of tools and materials for productionthat are most efficient and least costly to the company. The industrial engineer may also determine the sequence of production and the design of facilities or factories.Translate the following into English:美国人以两个特殊的日子向父母表示敬意：这便是每年五月第二个星期日的母亲节和六月第三个星期日的父亲节。
2014年北京师范大学环境学院拟录取硕士研究生名单公示
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北京师范大学西方经济学专业李锐微型金融和应用计量经济学考博真题-参考书-状元经验
北京师范大学西方经济学专业李锐微型金融和应用计量经济学考博真题-参考书-状元经验一、专业的设置北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院每年招收博士生21人，下设政治经济学、西方经济学、世界经济、金融学、劳动经济学、教育经济与管理、人力资源管理，共7个专业。
西方经济学专业下设杨晓维的宏、微观理论与中国经济问题；杨澄宇的宏观经济学；李锐的微型金融和应用计量经济学；尹恒的公共财政和产业组织。
二、考试的科目西方经济学的考试科目为：①1101英语②2241微观与宏观经济学③3013计量经济学三、导师介绍李锐：教授，博士，主要研究领域是农村金融、小微金融经济学、应用计量经济学、农业经济学和发展经济学。
四、参考书目专业课信息应当包括一下几方面的内容：第一，关于参考书和资料的使用。
这一点考生可以咨询往届的博士学长，也可以和育明考博联系。
参考书是理论知识建立所需的载体，如何从参考书抓取核心书目，从核心书目中遴选出重点章节常考的考点，如何高效的研读参考书、建立参考书框架，如何灵活运用参考书中的知识内容来答题，是考生复习的第一阶段最需完成的任务。
另外，考博资料获取、复习经验可咨询叩叩：肆九叁叁，柒壹六，贰六，专业知识的来源也不能局限于对参考书的研读，整个的备考当中考生还需要阅读大量的paper，读哪一些、怎么去读、读完之后应该怎么做，这些也会直接影响到考生的分数。
第二，专题信息汇总整理。
每一位考生在复习专业课的最后阶段都应当进行专题总结，专题的来源一方面是度历年真题考点的针对性遴选，另一方面是导师研究课题。
最后一方面是专业前沿问题。
每一个专题都应当建立详尽的知识体系，做到专题知识点全覆盖。
第三，专业真题及解析。
专业课的试题都是论述题，答案的开放性比较强。
一般每门专业课都有有三道大题，考试时间各3小时，一般会有十几页答题纸。
考生在专业课复习中仅仅有真题是不够的，还需要配合对真题最权威最正统的解析，两相印证才能够把握导师出题的重点、范围以及更加偏重哪一类的答案。
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北京师范大学环境工程专业考博真题-参考书-状元经验一、专业的设置北京师范大学环境学院每年招收博士生40人，下设人口、资源与环境经济学；环境科学；环境工程，共3个专业。
环境工程专业下设水质控制工程与环境生物技术，导师有John Charles Crittenden、冯成洪、侯立安、黄海鸥、李安捷、裴元生、全向春、王颖、杨禹、郑少奎、竺建荣；田贺忠的大气污染控制；陈家军、刘希涛的环境模拟与土壤污染修复；李艳霞、马俊伟的固体废物处置与资源化。
二、考试的科目水质控制工程与环境生物技术的考试科目为：①1101英语②2284环境工程原理③3774环境生物技术大气污染控制的考试科目为：①1101英语②2284环境工程原理③3019大气污染防治原理与技术环境模拟与土壤污染修复的考试科目为：①1101英语②2284环境工程原理③3017土壤环境学固体废物处置与资源化的考试科目为：①1101英语②2284环境工程原理③3017土壤环境学三、导师介绍侯立安，1957年8月出生，江苏丰县人，中共党员。
1976年2月入伍，中国工程院院士，文职少将，二炮工程设计院的高级工程师，就是冲在前列的人之一。
由于成绩突出，他于2005年10月29日在人民大会堂自豪地捧得由中国发明协会颁发的发明创业奖。
2009年12月当选为中国中国工程院院士。
裴元生，男，博士，教授，博士生导师，现任北京师范大学环境学院副院长、教学指导委员会副主任，水沙科学教育部重点实验室副主任，本科生实验教学中心主任。
长期从事水环境修复、河流污染控制与湖泊富营养化控制等方面的基础与应用基础研究王颖，女，北京师范大学管理学院副教授，2005年毕业于西安交通大学管理学院，管理学博士。
主讲本科生课程：战略管理、绩效管理、人力资源管理。
主讲研究生课程：社会研究方法自2003年以来，在省级以上刊物公开发表论文近10余篇，参与省级以上科研课题10多项。
冯成洪：博士，研究领域：水体常规及新兴微污染物的赋存机制及环境效应；水（给水、污水）强化处理技术。
郑少奎：博士，教授，博导，研究领域：废水生物处理新技术；城市污水资源化；河湖富营养化治理技术与理论；应用与环境微生物学。
田贺忠，男，1970年出生，河北易县人，博士。
现任北京师范大学环境学院岗位教授，水气环境模拟研究所所长。
陈家军,教授,北京师范大学环境学院固体废物处置工程研究所所长。
1978—1982就读于长春地质学院水文地质工程地质系，获工学学士学位；1982--1985就读于长春地质学院水文地质工程地质系，获工学硕士学位；1989—1992就读于中国地质大学环境科学系，获工学博士学位。
刘希涛：博士，副教授，研究领域：持久性有机污染物(POPs)的污染控制技术，土壤复合污染特征、形成机制及修复原理，新型有机污染物的来源和控制李艳霞，北京师范大学环境学院教授。
研究领域：固废资源化处理及土地利用、污染物迁移转化机理及环境风险评价、有色行业清洁生产及环保核查。
马俊伟：女，博士，副教授，研究领域：固体废物资源化技术，固体废物处理处置技术，危险废物管理与处理处置技术，环境影响评价四、参考书目专业课信息应当包括一下几方面的内容：第一，关于参考书和资料的使用。
这一点考生可以咨询往届的博士学长，也可以和育明考博联系。
参考书是理论知识建立所需的载体，如何从参考书抓取核心书目，从核心书目中遴选出重点章节常考的考点，如何高效的研读参考书、建立参考书框架，如何灵活运用参考书中的知识内容来答题，是考生复习的第一阶段最需完成的任务。
另外，考博资料获取、复习经验可咨询叩叩：肆九叁叁，柒壹六，贰六，专业知识的来源也不能局限于对参考书的研读，整个的备考当中考生还需要阅读大量的paper，读哪一些、怎么去读、读完之后应该怎么做，这些也会直接影响到考生的分数。
第二，专题信息汇总整理。
每一位考生在复习专业课的最后阶段都应当进行专题总结，专题的来源一方面是度历年真题考点的针对性遴选，另一方面是导师研究课题。
最后一方面是专业前沿问题。
每一个专题都应当建立详尽的知识体系，做到专题知识点全覆盖。
第三，专业真题及解析。
专业课的试题都是论述题，答案的开放性比较强。
一般每门专业课都有有三道大题，考试时间各3小时，一般会有十几页答题纸。
考生在专业课复习中仅仅有真题是不够的，还需要配合对真题最权威最正统的解析，两相印证才能够把握导师出题的重点、范围以及更加偏重哪一类的答案。
第四，导师的信息。
导师的著作、研究方向、研究课题、近期发表的论文及研究成果，另外就是为研究生们上课所用的课件笔记和讨论的话题。
这些都有可能成为初复试出题的考察重点。
同时这些信息也是我们选择导师的时候的参照依据，当然选择导师是一个综合性的问题，还应当考虑到导师的研究水平、课题能力、对待学生的态度和福利等等。
第五，时事热点话题分析。
博士生导师在选择博士的时候会一般都会偏重考查考生运用基础理论知识来解决现实热点问题的能力，这一点在初试和复试中都有体现。
近几年的真题中都会有联系实际的热点分析。
所以考生在复习备考时就应单多阅读一些本专业本学科的最新研究方向研究成果，权威的期刊上面“大牛们”都在关心、探讨什么话题，以及一些时事热点问题能不能运用本专业的知识来加以解释解决。
五、北师考博英语北师的考博英语满分100分，题型有阅读、翻译和写作等。
北师考博英语的整体难度介于六级和老托福之间，对词汇量有很高的要求，特别注重对形近字、意近词和固定搭配以及语法的考察。
做阅读理解一定要遵守“实事求是”的原则，翻译这一个题型很容易丢分，考博资料获取、复习经验可咨询叩叩：肆九叁叁，柒壹六，贰六，要想得高分，每一天都要遵循“八步法”练习三个句子。
作文对于考生的英语综合能力要求很高，要做到“厚重、灵动和美观”，复习资料建议使用育明教育考博分校编写的北师考博英语一本通。
每年有大批的同学英语单科受限，对于英语基础比较差的考生，建议大家早做准备。
六、北师考博专业课考博就是考专业课，专业课定生死。
对于专业课的复习，可不仅仅是看看参考书就可以的。
我们育明教育考博分校针对专业课的辅导一共有五轮，第一轮是对核心参考书的分析讲解，考博资料获取、复习经验可咨询叩叩：肆九叁叁，柒壹六，贰六，主要是理清学科的发展史，掌握每一个阶段的主要理论，代表人物，提出背景和评价，最终构建起完整的学科框架，第二轮在第一轮的基础上进行常考专题的讲解，是对一一轮和深化和凝练，第三轮是针对真题的难度深度广度灵活度和缜密度以及出题老师的特点，就出题老师的学科背景，研究重点，上课的笔记讲稿，论文，研究课题成果等进行深度讲解，第四轮是就最新的理论前沿和学科热点结合现实的热点进行拔高应用性讲解，最后一轮是模拟练习，教会考生怎么破题，怎么安排结构，怎么突出创新点等答题技巧。
相信经过这五轮的立体化无死角的复习，一定能考出理想的成绩。
大家可以参照这五轮进行复习。
北京师范大学考博特别注意事项1、关于招生类别（1）、非定向培养博士研究生：脱产学习三年，必须将人事档案转到学校，户口自愿迁到北师，毕业时根据国家就业政策“双向选择”。
育明教育考博分校解析：这类博士生占据北京师范大学所有被录取的博士研究生中的绝大多数，人事档案和户口转到北师之后，可以享受北京市集体户口的待遇，可以小汽车摇号，可以享受保险，建议大家转档转户口。
（2）、定向培养博士研究生：保证脱产学习至少一年，考生工作单位、录取学校、考生本人三方签署定向培养协议，毕业后回原单位工作。
人事档案和户口均不迁入北京师范大学。
育明教育考博分校解析：此类研究生不是大家所谓的“在职研究生”，在职研究生指的是利用周六日和寒暑假上课的研究生，现在除了极个别学校还招收极少量的在职研究生之外，绝大多数学校都已经取缔了在职研究生。
想保留原职的考生可以选择定向培养博士研究生。
定向培养研究生就医报销等费用按原工作单位的规定执行。
此外北京地区的定向培养博士生，北师是不安排住宿的。
2、关于考试科目（1）、外语：英、日、俄语任选1门或按报考导师要求；育明教育考博分校解析：北京师范大学的考博英语难度介于六级和老托福之间，对词汇量的要求非常高，每一年有相当一批考生因为英语单科不过50分而受限。
考日语和俄语要比考英语有优势，有这两门语言功底的考生，可以选择考博日语或者考博俄语。
（2）、同等学力人员(包含报考“申请-审核”院系考生）须加试两门硕士阶段专业基础课和政治理论；育明教育考博分校解析：同等学力的考生考博确实有一定的难度，但是每一年都有成功的例子。
只要肯努力、资料齐全、辅导到位、规划合理，考取北师博士也不是不可能的事情。
3、关于考试方式北师博士生选拔有四种方式：硕博连读、本科直博、统考和申请考核。
实行“申请-审核”方式的学部（院、系）有教育学部、心理学院、物理学系、天文系、生命科学学院、全球变化与地球系统科学研究院、化学学院、脑与认知科学研究院等。
育明教育考博分校解析：硕博连读必须是硕士阶段就读于北师，每年12月份选拔。
本科直博是从全国重点高校中选拔，每年10月份左右选拔。
统考和申请考核制是每年三月份进行，其中申请考核制需要大家递交很多材料，最为重要的是学术科研成果和英语成绩等级证明。
4、关于招生人数各学部（院、系）公布的招生人数中包含本科直博生及硕博连读生，不含各种专项计划。
育明教育考博分校解析：本科直博生以及硕博连读生主要集中在脑与认知科学研究院，数学科学学院，物理学系，化学学院，核科学与技术学院，生命科学学院，系统科学学院，全球变化与地球系统科学研究院，减灾与应急管理研究院/地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室等。
专项计划指的是少数民族骨干计划、对口支援西部计划等。
少数民族高层次骨干人才攻读博士学位研究生招生计划为5名，此计划招生人数在博士生招生专业目录中公布的招生人数外单列。
北师博士生招生专业目录公布的所有专业和导师均可报考。
除报名时须提供《民族骨干计划登记表》外，其他报考条件、考试内容、报名和考试程序、学费等与普通博士生完全一样。
按照教育部规定，北师必须全部招收少数民族考生，不能招收汉族考生。
北师将在全体报考该计划的考生中择优录取，主要考虑的因素包括考试成绩、来源地区、是否在职以及工作单位性质、报考专业等。
博士生完成学业后必须回到定向所在省、自治区、直辖市或单位就业，且服务年限不得少于8年。
考博常见问题一、考博需要注意的五大事项1、目标明确。
确定了考博，第一件事是先确定报考学校和导师，不要再对考博的前景三心二意。
考博虽然不意味着成功，但至少是人生的一个重要转折点，特别是对于非名校毕业的硕士来说，考个名校博士肯定是得大于失。
不要同时准备两所学校，人的精力毕竟有限。
2、复习时间六个月以上。
能拿到硕士学位再考博的，都差不到哪儿去，想要超越对手，时间是一个宝贵的因素。