ALEVEL数学术语

一般词汇

数学mathematics, maths(BrE),

math(AmE)

公理axiom

定理theorem

计算calculation

运算operation

证明prove

假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)

命题proposition

算术arithmetic

加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)

被加数augend, summand

加数addend

和sum

减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.) 被减数minuend

减数subtrahend

差remainder

乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)

被乘数multiplicand, faciend

乘数multiplicator

积product

除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)

被除数dividend

除数divisor

商quotient

等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to 大于is greater than 小于is lesser than

大于等于is equal or greater than

小于等于is equal or lesser than

运算符operator

数字digit

数number

自然数natural number

整数integer

小数decimal 小数点decimal point 分数fraction

分子numerator

分母denominator

比ratio

正positive

负negative

零null, zero, nought, nil

十进制decimal system

二进制binary system

十六进制hexadecimal system

权weight, significance

进位carry

截尾truncation

四舍五入round

下舍入round down

上舍入round up

有效数字significant digit

无效数字insignificant digit

代数algebra

公式formula, formulae(pl.)

单项式monomial

多项式polynomial, multinomial

系数coefficient

未知数unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式,方程式equation

一次方程simple equation

二次方程quadratic equation

三次方程cubic equation

四次方程quartic equation

不等式inequation

阶乘factorial

对数logarithm

指数,幂exponent

乘方power

二次方,平方square

三次方,立方cube

四次方the power of four, the fourth power

n次方the power of n, the nth power

开方evolution, extraction

二次方根,平方根square root

三次方根,立方根cube root

四次方根the root of four, the fourth root

n次方根the root of n, the nth root 集合aggregate 元素element

空集void

子集subset

交集intersection

并集union

补集complement

映射mapping

函数function

定义域domain, field of definition 值域range 常量constant

变量variable

单调性monotonicity

奇偶性parity

周期性periodicity

图象image

数列,级数series

微积分calculus

微分differential

导数derivative

极限limit

无穷大infinite(a.) infinity(n.)

无穷小infinitesimal

积分integral

定积分definite integral

不定积分indefinite integral 有理数rational number

无理数irrational number

实数real number

虚数imaginary number

复数complex number

矩阵matrix

行列式determinant

几何geometry

点point 线line

面plane

体solid

线段segment

射线radial

平行parallel