非谓语动词经典用法讲解与练习

非谓语动词经典用法讲解与练习

★命题规律

1.考查立意较低，主要考查的是非谓语的一些最基本的用法。但是，题目的设置注重了情景化和结构复杂化，加大了考生对题干句的理解难度。

2．设问的角度呈现出多样化趋势，不仅仅是非谓语间的互相干扰。

★命题趋势

不容置疑，高考将继续加强对非谓语动词的考查，试题的特征将继续呈现出“情景化”和“设问角度的多样化”的趋势，但试题的难度将会有所控制。

★解题思路

①解析句子结构，确定设空在句子中充当的功能（如状语、定语或宾补）；

②找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系（主动还是被动）；

③搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式；

④将该选项置入空中，看是否能够做到字从意顺，或是否能传达有效信息、完成交际任务。

★分词、不定式作宾补用法要点

一、分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别

1．感官动词see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, notice 等和使役动词have 后面的宾补有三种形式，

hear + 宾语+do (表主动和完成)

hear +宾语+doing (表主动或正在进行)

hear +宾语+done (表被动或完成)如

I heard Kevin an English song just now.（sing）

I heard Kevin an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.

I heard the English song many times.

注意：不及物动词的过去分词作宾补表完成和状态。如：

I looked down at my neck and found my necklace gone. (状态)

I was surprised to find my hometown changed so much. (完成)

EXERCISE:

1、I saw him ___________(change )the wheel of his car yesterday.我看见他在换汽车轮子。(意味着我看到了整个动作过程)

2、I saw him ___________(change)the wheel of his car when I arrived at his house.我看见他换汽车轮子。(可能意味着我只看到动作过程的一部分)

3、I saw the wheel of his car_________( change) by a boy just now.

4、I saw him__________ ( run) down the street. 我看见他沿着街跑。

5、I felt an ant_________ ( climb) over my leg. 我感到一只蚂蚁正在我的腿上爬。

6、Suddenly I noticed her__________( stand) outside. 突然我注意到她正站在外边。

7、When we went home, we found the door ______ (lock).

8、We can hear the windows ___________(beat) by the heavy rain drops.

9、They felt themselves _________(cheat).

10、The American Chinese is amazed to find his hometown greatly _________(change).

11、I could hear the girls _________(sing) in the classroom when I entered the classsroon. .我能听到女孩们在教室里唱歌。

12、I have never heard the song __________(sing) in my school.

13、In the dream Peter saw himself __________ by a fierce wolf, and he woke suddenly with a start. (2006上海卷)

A. chased

B. to be chased

C. be chased

D. having been chased

14 After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice him. (2007上海春)

A. calling

B. called

C. being called

D. to call

15、He was seen _________( cross) the road yesterday.(整个过程)有人看见他穿过马路。

16、He was seen__________( cross) the road (正在进行的动作)有人看见他在穿过马路。

17、The missing boys were last seen_________( play) near the river.

2．leave 后接三种形式作宾补时，其中的leave 保留了原来之义“留下”，但表达的确切之义应是“使……处于某种状态）。

leave sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事（宾语和宾补之间是主谓关系，表示动作正在进行。）

leave sth. undone 留下某事未做（宾语和宾补之间是动宾关系，表示被动和完成，一般以undone, unfinished, unsettled, untouched 为多）

leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事

leave sth. to be done 留下某事要做（不定式表示将来的动作。）

如：It’s wrong of you to leave the mach ine ______(run).

The guests left most of the dishes _____(untouch), because they didn’t taste delicious.

He left, leaving me _____(do)all the rest work.

We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to be settled.

3．have, get 后接三种形式作宾补时，其中have, get 表示“使、让、叫”之意。

①have sth. done = get sth. done “使/让某事由别人去做”（叫/让某人做某事）。如