经济学中常见术语(中英文对照)

经济学中常见术语(中英文对照)

经济术语

价格术语trade term (price term)

运费freight

单价price

码头费wharfage

总值total value

卸货费landing charges 金额amount

关税customs duty

净价net price

印花税stamp duty

含佣价price including commission

港口税portdues

回佣return commission 装运港portof shipment 折扣discount,allowance 卸货港port of discharge 批发价wholesale price 目的港portof destination

零售价retail price

进口许口证inportlicence

现货价格spot price

出口许口证exportlicence

期货价格forward price 现行价格（时价）current price

国际市场价格world (International)Marketpr ice

离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board

成本加运费价（离岸加运费价）C&F-cost and freight

public sector 公共部门,公共成分

economic channels 经济渠道

economic balance 经济平衡

economic fluctuation 经济波动

economic depression 经济衰退

economic stability 经济稳定

economic policy 经济政策

economic recovery 经济复原

understanding 约定concentration 集中holding company 控股公司trust 托拉斯

cartel 卡特尔

rate of growth 增长economic trend 经济趋势

economic situation 经济形势

infrastructure 基本建设standard of living 生活标准,生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达

underdeveloped 不发达的

developing 发展中的

initial capital 创办资本frozen capital 冻结资金frozen assets 冻结资产fixed assets 固定资产real estate 不动产,房地产

circulating capital, working capital 流动资本

available capital 可用资产

capital goods 资本货物reserve 准备金,储备金calling up of capital 催缴资本

allocation of funds 资金分配

contribution of funds 资金捐献

working capital fund 周转基金revolving fund 循环基金,周转性基金contingency fund 意外开支,准备金

reserve fund 准备金buffer fund 缓冲基金,平准基金

sinking fund 偿债基金investment 投资,资产investor 投资人

self-financing 自筹经费,经费自给

current account 经常帐户(美作:checking account)

current-account holder 支票帐户(美

作:checking-account holder)

cheque 支票(美

作:check)

bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 无记名支票,来人支票crossed cheque 划线支票

traveller's cheque 旅行支票

chequebook 支票簿,支票本(美作:checkbook) endorsement 背书transfer 转让,转帐,过户money 货币

issue 发行

ready money 现钱cash 现金

ready money business, no credit given 现金交易,概不赊欠

change 零钱banknote, note 钞票,纸币(美作:bill)

to pay (in) cash 付现金domestic currency, local currency] 本国货币convertibility 可兑换性convertible currencies 可自由兑换货币exchange rate 汇率,兑换率

foreign exchange 外汇floating exchange rate 浮动汇率

free exchange rates 自由汇兑市场

foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券hard currency 硬通货speculation 投机saving 储装,存款depreciation 减价,贬值devaluation (货币)贬值revaluation 重估价runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀