形容词比较级和高级的构成

形容词比较级和高级的构成

————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：

形容词比较级和最高级的构成

1. 规则变化

单音节词和少数多音节词：

○1一般直接加-er, est long → long er→ longe st tall → tall er→ tall est

○2以不发音的e结尾时加-r, -st late → late r→ late st large → large r→ large st

○3以辅音字母加y 结尾时把y 变成i，再加-er, -est . easy → eas ier→ eas iest happy → happ ier→ happ iest happily → happ ilier→ happ iliest

○4以重度闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-er, -est.

big → big ger→ big gest hot → hot ter → hot test

○5多音节词和部分双音节词，在原级前加more, the most.

careful → more careful → most careful beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful

2. 不规则变化

原级比较级最高级

good / well better best

bad(ly)/ ill worse worst

many/ much more most

little less least

far farther farthest

重点句型：

原级比较

1）肯定句：A….. +as +形容词原级+as +B

English is as interesting as Chinese.

This book is as thick as that one.

2）否定句：A…..+as/ so+形容词原级+ as + B

Tom is not so tall as Tim.

This village is not as big as that one.

比较级

1．表示两者进行比较时，A … + 比较级+ than + B.

Lily’s room is bigger than mine.

My classroom is smaller than hers.

2．有表示程度的副词a little , a bit , a great deal , a lot ,much, even ,still, far, rather, any 等修饰形容词时,

It’s much colder today than yesterday.

This bottle is a little bigger than that one.

为了避免重复，在从句中常用the one ,that , those 等词代替前面出现过的词，其中the one 代替可数名词单数形式，the ones 和those 代替可数名词的复数形式，that 代替不可数名词。

The weather of Tianjin is colder than that of Guangzhou in winter.

The cars made in Germany is better than those made in Japan.

3．表示两者之间进行选择，“哪一个更…..”时, 用句型“ Which / who is + 形容词比较级，A or B?”

Who is the taller, Liming or Wangtao?

Which one is the longer, the pen or the pencil?

4. 表示“越来越…… ”，用比较级的重叠结构，即“比较级+and + 比较级”，当形容词为多

音节词或部分双音节词时，用“more and more + 形容词原级”。

It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring.

It’s colder and colder in winter.

5. 表示“越….，就越….”时，用“the +比较级，the +比较级”结构

The more, the better.

The more you eat, the fatter you will be.

最高级

1. 表示三者或三者以上的人或物的比较，最高级前必须加定冠词the, 句末常跟in/of短语来表示范围。

Shanghai is the biggest city in China.

Tim is the tallest student in my classroom.

2. 表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行选择时，用“Which/Who is the +最高级，A，B or C?”

Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou?

Who is the best student, Lily, Lucy or Betty?

3. 表示最….. 的….之一时，用“one of the +形容词最高级”结构，该形容词后面的名词要用复数形式。

Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers.

Gongli is one of the most beautiful actresses in China.

4. 形容词最高级前面可以加序数词，表示第几最…..

The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.

5. 形容词最高级前可以有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，此时不能再用定冠词。

This is our best lesson today.

Friday is my busiest day in a week.

6. 形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。

Li Lei is the tallest student in his class(李雷是他班上最高的同学)

=Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class.

=Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class.

=Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class.

=No one is as tall as Li Lei in his class.

=No one is taller than Li Lei in his class.

= Li Lei is taller than any of the other students in his class.

=Li Lei is taller than the rest of students in his class.

单项选择

（）1. A pig is __ than a dog.

A. much heavy

B. more heavier C much heavier D. more heavy

（）2.－－Which is __ season in Beijing?

－－I think it’s spring.

A. good

B. well

C. best

D. the best

（）. The city is becoming ______.

A. more beautiful and more

B. more beautiful and beautiful