英语演讲 Lecture 10

helps emphasize a statement.
− Avoid vocalized pauses.
Vocal Delivery
Volume
−
Volume refers to the loudness or softness of the speaker’s voice.
− Avoid your volume is: too loud too soft unvaried too varied patterned
Methods of Delivery?
• Reading from a Manuscript
• Reciting from Memory
• Speaking Impromptu
• Speaking Extemporaneously
Methods of Delivery
Reading from a Manuscript
to remember the words.
Methods of Delivery
Speaking Impromptu
On what occasion?
− Impromptu speech is a speech delivered with little or no immediate preparation. − Great skill are required:
too high too low monotonous too varied
Vocal Delivery
Pronunciation
−
Pronunciation refers to the accepted standard of
sound and rhythm for words in a given language.
What Is Good Delivery?
– Good delivery does not call attention to itself. It conveys the speaker’s ideas clearly, interestingly, and without distracting the audience.
natural
and
spontaneous, help clarify or reinforce your ideas.
Physical Delivery
Eye Contact
− −
Avoid a bland stare, a hostile glower or a series of − Eye contact helps your audience involved into you frightened, bewildered glances. presentation. Try to establish eye contact with your whole audience.
Three Basic Methods of Delivery
Reciting from Memory
− Be sure to memorize your speech so thoroughly that you will be able to concentrate on
communicating with the audience, not on trying
to the speaker,
−
−
his material and the occasion Move to indicate progress in thought
Move to establish anticipation of thought
Physical Delivery
Gestures
anger, nervousness and surprise, or explain attributes of the speaker, the mood she or he is complex information. trying to create, the composition of the audience, − A slow rate is better for expressing sadness or and the nature of the occasion. disgust.
Keep cool Organize your thoughts Limit to a few remarks
Two Important Elements of Delivery
Physical Delivery
posture
Vocal Delivery
rate pauses volume
− Emphatic gestures and Demonstrative gestures.
− Whatever
gestures you make should not distract
your audience from your message.
− Your
gestures
should
appear
−
If you are unsure about the pronunciation of a word, make sure look it up or substitute another in its place.
Vocal Delivery
Articulation
− −
Articulation refers to the physical production of
facial expression
movement gestures
pitch
pronunciation eye contact articulation vocal variety
personal appearance
Physical Delivery
Posture
−
Stand still, feel relaxed,
comfortable and at ease to
speak.
−
−
Avoid rigidity or sloppiness.
Avoid restlessly, aimlessly
moving arms and hands.
Physical Delivery
Facial Expression
−
Adjusting your expression to the mood of the audience, the occasion,
− − −
Inflections refer to the changes in the pitch or tone of a speaker’s Pitch voice. Pitch refers to the highness or lowness of the Vocal Delivery speaker’s voice. Changes in pitch give your voice warmth and vitality, Monotone refers to a or can be used for emphasis. Avoid your pitch is: constant pitch or tone of voice.
pitch, and volume that gives the voice variety and
expressiveness (表达力).
Assignment
• Exercises on pp198-200
Be
aware of the tendency to gaze intently at one
part of the audience while ignoring the rest.
Avoid the temptation to look over the heads of your
audience or hold your notes in front of your face.
and what you are saying.
Physical Delivery
Movement
− Be aware of all potential − Move to release tension obstacle
− Movement should be appropriate − Move to emphasize a point
Physical Delivery
Personal Appearance
−
Dress appropriately to the audience you are addressing.
Vocal Delivery
Rate
− fast best rate helps create feelings of happiness, fear, −AThe rate of speech depends on the vocal
On what occasion?
− Manuscript speech is a speech that is written
out word for word and read to the audience. − Two essential factors: absolute accuracy and timing. − Great skills are required.
You cannot make a good speech without having something to say. But having something to say is not enough. You must know how to say it.
Lecture Ten
Delivering Your Speech
Vocal Delivery
A pause that occurs when a
Pauses speaker fills the silence between
−
words with such A proper pause allows the vocalizations audience to take in as your “uh”, “er”, “um” . a thought unit, or information, signals the end of
particular speech sounds.
Avoid slur words.
− Try to speak distinctly, but naturally.
Vocal Delivery
Vocal Variety
−
vocal variety reLeabharlann Baiduers to changes in a speaker’s rate,
What delivery?
is
speech
What is good delivery?
How do you usually practice your speech delivery?
What Is Speech Delivery?
– Speech delivery is a matter of non-verbal communication, based on a person’s use of voice and body, rather than on the use of words, to convey the message expressed by the words in the speech.