语法填空解题技巧-思维导图

语法填空解题技巧近年咼考考点总结：语法填空分“无提示词”和“有提示词”两种题型。

1. 无提示词题，即没有提示词的纯空格题一般是6个或7个小题，近年来，只考查了代词、冠词、关联词（连词）和介词等四类词；2. 有提示词题，即用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，一般是4个或3个小题，至今只考查了谓语动词的时态和被动语态、非谓语动词、形容词或副词的比较级、词类转化等四种情况。

解题思维导图根据设题规律，可将语法填空题的基本思路归纳成下表:1•词性转换一►形容词、副词、动词2. 名词所有格3•名词的单复数1解题技巧一下列情况很可能填不定冠词： ⑴ _______ +可数名词（单数）;⑵ _______ +形容词+可数名词（单数）。

下列情况下很可能填定冠词：（1）_____ 什定语）+名词+ of 等介词短语（表示特指）；（2）_____ 什定语）+名词+定语从句（表示特指）；（3）_____ 什定语）+名词+不定式短语或分词短语（表示特指）。

1. There once were a goat and a d on key ….So the farmer killed _______ goat and gave the don key medici ne made from its heart.2. When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was ____ shy, n ervous perfecti oni st.3. …the head of the village was tying up his h orse to my car to pull it to _________ small town some 20 kilometers away.「有提示词语法填空解题思路名词之前，尤其是泛指”一”，或特指某个人或事物；泛指用a/an,特指用the 当空格后的名词在句中不是作主语，表语或动词宾语时，选填介词; 注意 搭配 常为介词考查主要内容依据。

空格前后都是句子（一个主谓就为一个句子） ；前后都是并列单词或短语 1. 单词/短语+并列连词+单词/短语； 2. 一个句子+并列连词/从属连词+ 一个句子 3. 从属连词—+一个句子，一个句子（主句）； 人称代词、不定代词、反身代词 ----------------------- 物主代词：形容词性物主代词后必须加名词 ；名词性物主代词作主 语，宾语，本身就是名词，后不需再加名词。

'指代上文事物 形式主语 形式宾语 .强调句型无提示词It 的用法解题技巧二(1) 连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and, or, but等。

(2) 若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。

根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句(多要求考生填and, but, while, when, or等)还是某种主从复合句。

然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。

1. It was not long ________ the waitress came back and the n she bega n to wipe dow n the table and sudde nly was surprised at what she saw.2. But nothing cha nged un til midterm, _______ Mary Anne, a stude nt teacher, was appo in ted to our classroom.3. Jane paused in front of a coun ter _____ s ome attractive ties were on display.4. One day, he came up with an idea ____ h e would pluck up all of his crop a few in ches.解题技巧三在无提示词题型当中，空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词（不能作主语），it等。

在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词了。

因为句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查。

1. He asked his teacher, Sir, the water is awful. Why did you pretend to like _____ ? ”2. Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult _________ was to choose a suitable Christmas prese nt for her father.3. I wan ted to reward the old man for the trouble that I had caused _____ .解题技巧四在有提示词题型当中，词性转换解题常可利用以下语法小则作为判断依据：1. 介词、冠词、所有格后接名词；2. 形容词修饰名词；3. 副词修饰形容词、动词或整个句子。

1. “ Thifve cents, ” she said _________ （rude）.2. As far as I am concerned, my ________________ （suggest） is that we should always have a notebook and a Chin ese-E nglish with in easy reach.3. This proverb is say ing we have to let things go in their ______ （n ature） course.4. ___________ （doubt）, although there is still room for improvement to this policy, I think it is still a good one which brings more good tha n harm to the stude nts and the ngtion.解题技巧五在有提示词题型当中，通常，有表示范围的in /of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级。

1. One of the _________ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school Engl ish teacher …2. … We were both laughi ng the whole time at our complete inabi lity to communicate in words. When it was time to leave, I said thank you”n Korean, usi ng some of the few words I had learned. I felt ______________ (lonely) than I had expected that night.3. Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer. Critics call her one of the ___________ (great) writers of our ti me.解题技巧六规律性非谓语动词试题的解题步骤(有提示词)高考中大部分的非谓语动词试题都属于规律性的试题，解答这种类型的题目时，我们需按照“找逻辑主语、判断关系、判断形式”三个步骤来解题，即“第一，找非谓语动词的逻辑主语；第二，判断逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间的逻辑关系，主动？被动？还是表示目的或者将来？第三，判断非谓语动词的形式。

”注意：在语法填空中，首先要判断所给提示词在句中到底是做谓语还是非谓语。

判定用非谓语动词形式的根本依据就是“句中已有谓语”，即，句子不缺谓语的情况下，所给提示词才能考虑用其非谓语动词形式。

一、非谓语动词作状语的题型：1. _______ (see) from the top of the tow er, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.2. 11 rai ned heavilyinthe south, ________ (cause) serious fl ood ing in several provi nces.3. _______ (complete) the project i n time, the staff were working at weekends.解题思路—1. 从句中“is”可判定句中已有谓语了，表明句子不缺谓语，那也就表明所给提示词“see”在句中应该是不作谓语的动词形式，即非谓语动词形式；此时就可以利用三步骤来分析决定用哪一种非谓语形式了：第一、“see” 的逻辑主语就是句子的主语“ the south foot of the m ountain ”；第二、“ the south foot of the m ountain ” 禾口“ see” 之间是“被看的”被动关系；第三、动词的过去分词表示被动关系，因此第1题应填“seen”作方式状语。

2. 从句中“rained”可判定句子已有谓语了，说明所给提示词“cause”在句中作非谓语，“cause”的逻辑主语就是句子主语“it”，两者是主动的关系，即“大雨导致洪涝”现在分词表示主动关系，因此第2题应填“causing”，作结果状语。

3. 按照以上分析方法可判定“ complete”在句中作非谓语，“ complete”和其逻辑主语，即句子主语“ the staff ”，是主动关系，但“complete”在此处是表达目的，动词不定式表示目的或将来，因此第3题应填“to complete”。

二、非谓语动词作定语的题型：1. A great nu mber of students _______ (questi on) said they were forced to practi ce the pi a no.2. M any buildings in the city need repairing, but the one _________ (repai r) first is the library.解题思路：1. 先以“抽主干"的方式来划分句子成分，也可用此方法简化句子，以便更好地理解：“A great number of students” 的中心词为“ students”，做主语，句子谓语是“ said”，“ they were forced to practice the piano 在句中作宾语，即宾语从句；所给提示词“question”作动词使用时，意为“问(某人)问题”在句中作定语，修饰“students”，应用其非谓语形式；此时就可用三步骤来决定用哪一种非谓语动词形式了：第一、“question”的逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词“students”第二、两者之间是被动的关系，翻译为“被问的学生”；第三、动词的过去分词表示被动，由此综合可判定此处应填“questioned”。