英语考试摘要资料

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新概念英语课后摘要写作

新概念英语第三册摘要写作Lesson 1 A puma at large 逃遁的美洲狮The reports received by London Zoo that a puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London were similar in nature. A woman picking blackberries saw it first, but the puma moved from place to place,leaving a trail of dead deer and small animals. Paw prints and puma fur were found as well. ‘Cat-like noises’were heard at night and the animal was seen up a tree. Now experts were convinced that the animal really was a puma.79 wordsLesson 2 Thirteen equals one 十三等于一At one o'clock in the morning, the church clock striking the hours woke the vicar up as it struck thirteen times. The vicar went into the clock tower, taking a torch with him. He saw Bill Wilkins, the local grocer there and Bill explained he was trying to repair the clock but hadn't succeeded because at one o'clock it struck thirteen times. However, the vicar was pleased the bell was working and offered the grocer a cap of tea. 79 wordsLesson 3 An unknown goddess 无名女神Archaeologists found clay fragments in an ancient temple. These represented the fifteen statues of goddesses which hadonce been painted. The body of one statue was found among remains from the fifteenth century . while its head was found among remains from the fifth century . When the Unit 1 Lesson 3 fragments were reconstructed, they turned out to be a goddess which stood three feet high. Her hands rested on her hips and she was wearing a full-length skirt. Her identity is unknown.80 wordsLesson 4 The double life of Alfred Bloggs 阿尔弗雷德.布洛格斯的双重生活When he got married, Alfred Bloggs told his wife he worked for the Corporation. Though he dressed in a smart black suit every morning, he changed into overalls at work and spent the day working as a dustman. Then he took a shower and changed back into his suit at night. This lasted for two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret. His wife will never learn the truth because her husband will be an office worker in future. 80 wordsLesson 5 The facts 确切数字Though the journalist immediately set out to get the facts after receiving instructions from his editor, he did not send them at once. Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, so he sent three faxes, finally threatening to fire the journalist. When the last fax was unanswered, the article waspublished in its original form. The journalist sent the editor a fax a week later explaining he had been imprisoned after counting the steps and measuring the height of the wall. 80 wordsLesson 6 Smash-and grab 砸橱窗抢劫A large car entered an arcade near Piccadilly and stopped outside a jeweller's. Two thieves got out and smashed the shop window. The owner of the shop was upstairs at the time, so he threw furniture at thethieves hitting one of them with a heavy statue. The raid lasted only three minutes and the thieves drove away. Running after them, the owner threw ashtrays and vases, but the thieves got away, stealing thousands of pounds worth of diamonds.79 wordsLesson 7 Mutilated ladies 残钞鉴别组John Butlin runs a successful furniture business and after a very good day, he put his wallet containing ￡3,000 into the microwave oven for safekeeping. Then he and his fianc6e, Jane, went horse-riding, after which Jane cooked their dinner in the microwave oven only to find to their dismay that the money had been destroyed. John went to see his bank manager who sent the remains to the Mutilated Ladies department who identified the remains and returned the money. 79 wordsLesson 8 A famous monastery 着名的修道院The St. Bernard's Pass is visited by thousands of people in summer, who cross the Pass in cars. Because there are so many people about, the dogs are kept in a special enclosure. As the temperature in winter falls to -30°, there are few visitors, so the monks prefer this season. The dogs are also free to wander outside their enclosure. Parties of young skiers regularly visit the monastery in winter, during Christmas and Easter when they are warmly welcomed.80 wordsLesson 9 Flying cats 飞猫The New York Animal Medical Centre recently made a study of 132 cats. All these cats had one thing in common: they had fallen off high buildings, yet only eight had died from shock or injuries. One cat,Sabrina, had fallen 32 storeys but only suffered from a broken tooth. When falling at speeds up to 60 miles per hour, cats stretch out their legs which increases their air－resistance and reduces the shock of impact on hitting the ground. 79 wordsLesson 10 The loss of the Titanic “泰坦尼克“号的沉没The Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic when an iceberg was spotted by a lookout. After the alarm was given, the ship turned sharply and sailed alongside it. Suddenly, a faint noise was heard from below, so thecaptain went down to investigate, only to find that five of the sixteen compartments had been flooded. On hearing the order to abandon ship, people jumped overboard, but 1,500 drowned because there were not enough lifeboats. 79 words Lesson 11 Not guilty 无罪Though the writer had nothing to declare, the Customs Officer made him unlock his case. Searching the case carefully, the Officer found a small bottle, which he thought was perfume. The writer told the Customs Officer that it was hair gel, which he had made himself. As the Officer did not believe this, the writer encouraged him to try it. The unpleasant smell convinced him the writer was telling the truth, so he let him pass through Customs. 70 wordsLesson 12 Life on a desert island 荒岛生活As the two men's boat was damaged, they were taking it to Miami when on the way it began to sink. After loading a rubber dinghy with food, matches and beer, the two men rowed a few miles across the Caribbean until they arrived at a tiny coral island. There they collected rainwater in the dinghy and caught fish and lobster with a spear gun. For five days, they‘ate like kings’ until they were rescued by a passing tanker. 80 words Lesson 13 ‘It’s only me’ “是我,别害怕”Mrs. Richards had dressed up as a ghost and was just going into the dining room when there was a knock on the door. Thinking it was the baker, she hid in the storeroom under the stairs. She heard footsteps in the hall and then the man from the Electricity Board opened the storeroom door. Though she said ‘It's only me’, he got a bad fright. When she walked towards him, he fled, slamming the front door behind him. 79 words Lesson 14 A noble gangster 贵族歹徒After Sir John Hawkwood settled near Florence six hundred years ago, he hired soldiers to the princes of city-states in times of war. In times of peace he threatened to destroy a city-state unless protection money was paid. In spite of this, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero. Sir John was eighty when he died and the Florentines not only gave him a state funeral but had a picture painted of him, dedicated to his memory. 79 wordsLesson 15 Fifty pence worth of trouble 五十便士的麻烦George was going to the sweet shop when he lost fifty pence down a drain. After removing his jacket, he put his arm through the drain cover. He couldn't find his money and couldn't get his arm out. A crowd of people gathered round him and a lady rubbed his arm with soap and butter. She failed to free him, but two firemen succeeded with a special type of grease. Thesweet shop owner presented George with a large box of chocolates. 80 wordsLesson 16 Mary had a little lamb 玛丽有一头小羔羊When Dimitri came home, Mary told him that her white lamb had been stolen. On learning that his neighbour, Aleko, had acquired a lamb, Dimitri went to Aleko's house and accused him of stealing it. When Aleko showed his lamb, Dimitri saw it was black, so he apologized. After staying in Aleko's house for a while because it had begun to rain, Dimitri got a surprise outside when he found the lamb was almost white. It had been dyed black 80 wordsLesson 17 The longest suspension bridge in the world 世界上最长的吊桥The Verrazano Bridge, which joins Brooklyn to Staten Island, has a span of 4,260 feet. Its two great towers support four huge cables. The towers are built on platforms made of steel and concrete, extending over 100 feet under the sea and rising nearly 700 feet above the surface of the water. The bridge is suspended from four huge cables, each of which contains 26,108 lengths of wire. It is not only very strong, but simple and elegant as well. 80 wordsLesson 18 Electric currents in modern art 现代艺术中的电流On entering the art gallery, the writer saw a notice which forbade people to touch the exhibits because they were dangerous. The exhibition consisted of pieces of moving a wall, the writer saw long thin wires attached to metal spheres which attracted and repelled each other. In the centre of the hall were tall structures containing coloured lights which went on and off. Sparks were emitted from small black boxes and red lamps flashed on and off. 79 wordsLesson 19 A very dear cat 一只贵重的宝贝猫Mrs. Ramsay received an anonymous letter three days after her cat's writer of the letter demaded ￡1,000 for the return of the cat,and warned she would never see him again if she went to the had to put the money in a cardboard box and leave it outside her door. After drawing ￡1,000 from her band,she acted on the kidnapper's money disappeared the following morning,and Rastus returned at seven o'clock that evening. 80 wordsLesson 20 Pioneer pilots 飞行员的先驱Bleriot and Latham arrived in Calais on July 21st, 1909. Though it looked as if there would be a race on July 25th, Latham didn't take part, because he didn't get up early enough. After making a short test flight,Bleriot crossed the Channel in thirty-seven minutes. A policeman greeted him when he arrivedin got within half a mile of Dover the following week, having to land on the sea a second time because his engine failed.80 wordsLesson 21 Daniel Mendoza 丹尼尔门多萨When the two men quarrelled, they settled the argument by a fight. This took place at Stilton. It lasted an hour and Humphries won. When they met again, Mendoza lost again, but in their third match in 1790,Mendoza finally beat Humphries to become Champion of England. He founded a successful boxing Academy and earned a lot of money, but was so extravagant he was always in debt. He was finally sent to prison and died in poverty in 1836. 80 wordsLesson 22 By heart 熟记台词The aristocrat was sitting in his cell when the gaoler entered and handed him the letter----a blank sheet of paper. The aristocrat looked at it, squinted and said: ‘The l ight is dim. Read me the letter.’ He handed the letter back to the gaoler, who said: ‘The light is indeed dim. I'll get my glasses.’ He left the stage and returned with a pair of glasses and the real letter, which he read to the prisoner. 79 words Lesson 23 One man’s meat is another man’s poison 各有所爱The writer collected several dozen snails, put them in a paper bag and took them to Robert who was delighted to see him, and pleased with the snails. The writer left the bag in the hall and he and Robert went into the living room and talked for a couple of hours. He had forgotten the snails until Robert invited him to dinner, and he followed Robert into the hall to find snails everywhere. They had escaped from the bag. Lesson 24 A skeleton in the cupboard “家丑”The writer started to unpack and put his shirts and underclothes into drawers and then decided to hang a suit in the cupboard. He opened the cupboard and stood petrified: there, dangling in front of him, was a skeleton. It was swaying and ready to leap out at him. He dropped his suit and dashed downstairs to tell George. George was unsympathetic and told the writer it was Sebastian, a skeleton he had when he was a medical student. 79 wordsLesson 25 The Cutty Sark “卡蒂萨克”号帆船The Thermopylae reached Java first, but the Cutty Sark took the lead on the Indian Ocean. When the Cutty Sark was struck by a storm, her rudder was torn away. A temporary rudder was made and fitted, but the ship lost the lead. After crossing the Equator, they called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted.Even with a new rudder, the Cutty Sark arrived in England a week after the Thermopylae, which was 500 miles ahead. 80 words Lesson 26 Wanted: a large biscuit tin 征购大饼干筒A biscuit company asked its customers to bake biscuits and send them to the factory. As a prize, they offered ＄10 a pound for the biggest biscuit they received. The response was tremendous, with one biscuit weighing 500 pounds and another weighing 713 pounds. They thought that was the winner until a lorry delivered one which weighed 2,400 pounds baked by a college student. A crane lifted it from the lorry and the manufacturers paid the student ＄24,000.80 wordsLesson 27 Nothing to sell and nothing to buy 不卖也不买Unlike beggars, real tramps have nothing to sell and require nothing from others. Although they seek independence, they will not sacrifice their human dignity. They choose their own way of life and are aware of the consequences. They may not know where the next meal is coming from, but they do not have the worries that others have. They can travel easily because they have few possessions and when they sleep in the open, they are close to nature. 79 wordsLesson 28 Five pounds too dear 五镑太贵The next man who approached him was selling watches and pens, and when the writer looked at one, it looked genuine. The man said it was worth ￡50 but the writer could have it for ￡30. The writer offered him ￡5 and waited. Eventually, as the writ er was walking away, the man agreed and took ￡5. The writer was very pleased----until he was back on board. The pen was impossible to fill. It has never written a word since. 80 words Lesson 29 Funny or not 是否可笑A man broke his right leg just before Christmas and was taken to hospital. He wanted to know when he could go home. On Christmas Day he was still in hospital with his leg in plaster, but there was a good chance of leaving hospital for the New Year. In fact, he was out in time to go to a New Year's Eve party where he drank too much, slipped on a piece of ice and broke his left leg. 80 wordsLesson 30 The death of a ghost 幽灵之死Eric joined the army during the Second World War, but hated army life, so he deserted. He returned to the farm where his father hid him until the end of the war, and he remained in hiding after the war. His father told everyone that he had been killed in action. Joe and Bob kept the secret, so Eric lived as a recluse. He slept during the day and worked at night, so he became the ‘ghost of Endley’.79 wordsLesson 31 A lovable eccentric 可爱的怪人Dickie had been caught in a heavy shower when he walked into an expensive shop. He wanted a ￡300 watch for his wife, but he was so bedraggled the assistant refused to serve him. He left the shop and returned with a heavy cloth bag which he dumped on the counter. Dickie asked for the manager. When he was given the watch, he gave the assistant the bag which contained ￡300 in pennies, which the assistant had to count.80 wordsLesson 32 A lost ship 一艘沉船The chest containing the personal belongings of Alan Fielding told them a lot, and there were other items of interest. A heavy gun proved the ship was a cruiser. Another chest belonging to a ship's officer contained an unfinished letter dated March 14th, 1943, from which they learnt the ship's name. The most valuable find was the ship's log book, which told them the Karen had been sailing in convoy to Russia when she was torpedoed by an enemy submarine.80 wordsLesson 33 A day to remember 难忘的一天When the driver behind braked, his wife was thrown forward and the large cake on her lap flew through the windscreen and landed on the road. A lorry had to pull up suddenly and hundreds of empty beer bottles slid off onto the road. The traffic piledup so that it took the police an hour to get it on the move again. The lorry driver swept up the glass and two stray dogs ate the remains of the cake.80 wordsLesson 34 A happy discovery 幸运的发现While visiting an antique shop one Saturday, Frank was about to leave when he saw a large packing case. He asked the dealer to open it but the contents were disappointing until he lifted some crockery and noticed a miniature painting at the bottom. He had already decided to buy it when the dealer told him it was ￡50. Frank was excited because this was a real discovery. The painting was an unknown masterpiece worth hundreds of thousands of pounds. 80 wordsLesson 35 Justice was done 伸张正义A girl in the jewellery store heard muffled cries coming from behind a wall. When she heard the cry again, she went and told the manager who rang the fire brigade. When they arrived, the fire fighters found the right chimney by tapping the walls and listening. They chipped through a thick wall and found the man who could not move because the chimney was so narrow. They finally freed him by cutting a large hole in the wall. 79 words Lesson 36 A chance in a million 百万分之一的机遇Hans had been wounded towards the end of the war, taken to hospital and separated from his unit. When the hospital hadbeen bombed, he had returned to West Germany on foot. Meantime, his unit had been lost and all records of him destroyed. He returned to the family home to find the house bombed. Assuming all his family were dead, he settled in a village 50 miles away where he had lived until he met Franz and his wife. 80 words Lesson 37 The Westhaven Express 开往威斯特海温的快车When many local people boarded the train with the writer, he was not surprised. Nor was he surprised when the train stopped at Widley. But when it stopped at each station, he began to wonder why it was going so slowly. Finally, when the train reached Westhaven, the writer spoke to the station master who denied the existence of an express. They argued and the writer was shown this timetable footnote, which said:‘ This service has been suspended.’79 wordsLesson 38 The first calender 最早的日历Historians have long been puzzled by prehistoric markings on walls, bones and tusks. The people who made the markings were nomads during the last Ice Age. Finally historians have managed to read this difficult code and realized that they depict the passing of the days and phases of the moon. They are in fact a primitive calendar. There is a connection between the pictures of hunting scenes and the markings with them. 71 wordsLesson 39 Nothing to worry about 不必担心When the boulders disappeared, there was a wide plain covered with clumps of bushes. Ahead was a huge fissure and Bruce stopped. We examined it and found it was fifty yards long, two feet wide and four feet deep. Without thinking, Bruce raced the car along it and then we were back on the plain. The village was 15 miles away and the next obstacle was a very wide shallow pool. Bruce charged in and stopped in the middle. 79 words Lesson 40 Who’s who 真假难辨When a policeman arrived, he asked the workmen to go away. Later four more policemen arrived. The workmen still refused to stop and the police threatened to confiscate their pneumatic drill. One workman then threatened to call the police, which was silly because they were already under arrest. When another workman asked to make a telephone call, a policeman accompanied him to a phone. The workman actually rang the police and they realized they had been victims of a hoax. 80 wordsLesson 41 Illusions of pastoral peace 宁静田园生活的遐想You never have to travel miles to see friends because they live nearby. Nor do you have to worry about catching the last train home after the theatre. The latest exhibitions, films and plays are all a bus ride away. Shopping is a pleasure, too.There is so much variety that you never have to make do with second best. The city can be beautiful and peaceful, too ---- beautiful with the glow of neon advertisements, and peaceful at weekends. 79 wordsLesson 42 Modern cavemen 现代洞穴人On entering a narrow gap on the plateau, they climbed down and reached a narrow corridor. They edged their way along and came to a waterfall which dropped to an underground lake. They plunged into the lake in special rubber suits and let the current take them to the other side. On squeezing through a cleft in the rocks, they discovered an enormous cavern where they saw massive stalagmites and stalactites. All they could hear was water dripping from above. 80 wordsLesson 43 Fully insured 全保险The divers found the dish, but it was difficult to haul out of the water. The sides were so smooth it was almost impossible to attach chains to it Eventually chains were attached and they pulled the dish to the canal bank on a winch. Unfortunately it overbalanced and slid back. They then fixed clamps to both sides and fastened chains to lift it vertically. With a winch they hauled the dish above the surface and on to dry land. 80 wordsLesson 44 Speed and comfort 又快捷又舒适Nothing matches a plane for speed and comfort. An aeroplane reaches its destination rapidly. You travel in complete comfort, often watching a film or sipping champagne. You have a breathtaking view of the world and you can really appreciate the landscape. When you are above the clouds, the sight of cloud plains is extraordinary. The journey is so smooth that it is easy to read or sleep, and you always arrive fresh and uncrumpled at the end of the flight. 80 wordsLesson 45 The power of the press 新闻报道的威力Immediately the news got out, a plane arrived with reporters and photographers. The family's rise to fame was swift and soon the media had told the whole country. Newspapers and magazines offered huge sums of money for exclusive rights to the story, while gifts poured in from baby products manufacturers. 'The family's old farmhouse was replaced by a new home, while lawyers were employed as spokesmen. The parents paid the price for fame: they would never again lead normal lives. 80 words Lesson 46 Do it yourself 自己动手The author looked at his machine and reckoned that only a minor adjustment was needed. After adjusting a few things, the mower still refused to work, so he dismantled it and traced the cause of the trouble: there was a broken link in the drive chain. After buying a new chain and reassembling the mower, it stilldid not work. However, he was not really surprised because there were bits left that did not fit anywhere ---- so he gave up. 80 wordsLesson 47 Too high a price 代价太高Noise constantly invades our daily lives. According to a recent survey, the worst noise is dogs barking at night, although the noise of lawn mowers, late-night parties, noisy neighbours, vehicles, planes and helicopters and large radios all adds. While the use of mobile phones in public places, it seems, is annoying, the survey revealed that one‘old-fashioned’ source of noise is snorin g, with men the worst offenders: only a small percentage of women snore, but they suffer most.80 wordsLesson 48 The silent village 沉默的村庄The village contained one street and looked forbidding. Apart from a goat, it seemed deserted, so they sat down and had a picnic. Looking up, they suddenly found themselves surrounded by children in rags. The children were silent and motionless. As they walked down the street followed by the children, the village came alive with faces in windows and people watching them silently from doorways. The visitors were clearly unwelcome. They hurried back down to the stream and the boatman.Lesson 49 The ideal servant 理想的仆人On her return with a party of guests, Aunt Harriet asked Bessie to prepare dinner. Not only was the meal below standard, Bessie could not walk steadily, and she bumped into furniture and mumbled at the guests. When she brought in the pudding, she tripped and the pudding crashed onto the dining the guests were very amused, Aunt Harriet was horrified. She realized Bessie was drunk and dismissed her immediately. 72 words Lesson 50 New Year resolutions 新年的决心The writer exercised early in the morning for two days before anyone found out. When he sat at breakfast the second day, his condition betrayed him. His enthusiasm waned so that by January 10th, things were back to normal. However, he decided to keep his mind fresh for reading. He read on his own until one evening he went down and sat in front of the television, but he dozed off. He has now bought a book on speed reading 80 wordsLesson 51 Predicting the future 预测未来According to Bagrit, computers would be small enough to hold in the hand, and they would be able to provide information about traffic jams and suggest alternative routes. They would be used to help doctors diagnose illnesses, and in business would relieve office workers of dull, repetitive work. However,he failed to predict the use of the Internet as a vehicle of communication or a source of information. But as predicted, computers have become smaller, more powerful and cheaper. 79 wordsLesson 52 Mud is mud 实事求是The assistant promised to order the‘ Myrolite ’Harry bad already asked for, so he then said he wantedperfumed mud. This time her eyes lit up and she immediately fetched several bottles which she put onthe counter. Harry picked up the smallest bottle, and when he learned the price ￡20 , he paid and leftwith the bottle under his arm. This curious bottle, now in his study, was his first and last purchase of rarecosmetics. 77 wordsLesson 53 In the public interest 为了公众的利益On receiving a complaint from a foreigner about police ill - treatment, the Ombudsman wrote to the Chiefof Police asking for a record of the case. As there was no official record and the Chief denied theaccusation, no action was possible. But When there was another similar complaint, the Ombudsman senta lawyer to investigate. He ascertained the truth of the accusations, the policeman was severelyreprimanded and warned that if there were further complaints he would be prosecuted.80 wordsLesson 54 Instinct or cleverness 是本能还是机智The writer saw thousands of ants crawling up his peach tree. Then he noticed the leaves of the tree were withering and found there were aphids under the leaves. They were being visited by the ants. In an effort to stop them, he bound the base of the tree with sticky tape and of course they couldn't cross it. By the next morning, however, they had solved the problem: they were climbing onto the leaves from the house wall. Lesson 55 From the earth: Greetings 来自地球的问候Finding life on other planets with earth based telescopes is impossible because of the heat of our planet and the dust particles throughout the solar System. A telescope would need to be as far away as Jupiter. Even then, the problem will be how to blot out the light from a planet's sun to study it. The most likely forms of life will be plants and bacteria. Even the discovery of lowly life forms would change our view of ourselves. 80 wordsLesson 57 Back in the old country 重返故里In the place of the village there was only a lake. Had he taken the wrong turning He went back to town and retraced his route, only to finish up at the same spot. The lake was not marked. When a man on horse back appeared, the author asked the way tothe old village. The horseman told him there was no villageand pointed to the lake: it had been submerged with the whole valley under a man-made reservoir. 80 wordsLesson 58 A spot of bother 一点儿小麻烦The old lady and the potter went through the flat, careful not to touch anything. Later, a police inspector looked for fingerprints while a constable checked the front door locks. There were no fingerprints, but the inspector found a bundle of jewellery suggesting this was not the burglars' first job that day. The inspector asked the lady to check what was missing and advised her not to stay in the flat. Eventually she rang her daughter to ask for help. 80 wordsLesson 59 Collecting 收藏Collecting provides hours of relaxation for looking at your treasures is a joy. If you have a collection at home, why go out There is always something to do, from finding the right place for the latest addition to verifying facts in reference books. Collecting is educational, too, and through meeting people, increases your circle of friends. The hobby can lead to travel, national and international. You may become an authority on the subject and be asked to give talks. 80 words Lesson 60 Too early and too late 太早和太晚The girl entered the railway station twenty minutes early, but the porter said she was two hours too soon.。

公共英语三级考试资料

公共英语三级考试资料The Public English Level 3 Exam。

Introduction:The Public English Level 3 Exam is a comprehensive test that assesses the English language proficiency of individuals at an intermediate level. This exam is designed to evaluate the candidate's ability to understand and use everyday English in various contexts. In this document, we will provide an overview of the exam structure, content, and tips for preparation.Exam Structure:The Public English Level 3 Exam consists of four sections: Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking. Each section aims to evaluate different language skills of the candidates.1. Listening Section:The Listening section assesses the candidate's ability to understand spoken English in different situations. It includes multiple-choice questions, gap-filling exercises, and short-answer questions. The recordings cover a range of topics, such as conversations, interviews, and announcements.Tips for Preparation:Practice listening to English audio materials, such as podcasts, movies, and songs, to improve your listening skills.Familiarize yourself with different accents and speech patterns to be prepared for various listening tasks.Take notes while listening to help you remember key information.2. Reading Section:The Reading section evaluates the candidate's ability to comprehend written English. It includes multiple-choice questions, matching exercises, and short-answer questions. The texts cover a wide range of topics, including news articles, advertisements, and opinion pieces.Tips for Preparation:Read a variety of English texts, such as newspapers, magazines, and online articles, to improve your reading comprehension skills.Practice identifying main ideas, supporting details, and understanding the overall structure of a text.Expand your vocabulary by learning new words and their usage in context.3. Writing Section:The Writing section assesses the candidate's ability to express ideas in written English. It includes tasks such as writing an email, a formal letter, or an essay. The candidate is evaluated based on their grammar, vocabulary, organization, and coherence.Tips for Preparation:Practice writing different types of texts, such as emails, letters, and essays, to familiarize yourself with the format and requirements.Focus on improving your grammar and vocabulary to enhance the clarity and accuracy of your writing.Develop a clear structure for your written responses, including an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion.4. Speaking Section:The Speaking section evaluates the candidate's ability to communicate verbally in English. It includes tasks such as describing a picture, giving a presentation, andengaging in a conversation. The candidate is assessed based on their pronunciation, fluency, vocabulary, and grammar.Tips for Preparation:Practice speaking English regularly with native speakers or language exchange partners to improve your fluency and pronunciation.Prepare for common speaking topics, such as personal experiences, hobbies, and current events.Pay attention to your body language and intonation to convey your message effectively.Conclusion:The Public English Level 3 Exam is a comprehensive assessment of English language proficiency at an intermediate level. By understanding the exam structure and content, and following the preparation tips provided, candidates can enhance their chances of success. Remember to practice regularly, expand your vocabulary, and focus on improving all language skills to achieve a desirable result in the exam. Good luck!。

英语考试资料整理

1.李明Li Ming was a chemistry major, a charmer noted for his easygoing and humorous temperament. However, his English was so poor that he always barely got by. The teacher admonished him that his poor English would be an impediment to scholarship. What’s mor e, she showed her trump card: if Li Ming did not work hard. She would flunk him.He was also told that he should not learn English merely for the sake of his diploma, otherwise, even after graduation from university, he would still be semiliterate. Although Li Ming did not lose his composure, he was well aware that he had to settle down to work and follow through because his academic life was at stake.2.我的朋友Linda, my good friend, has received good education and is both beautiful and elegant. She was not proposed to even when she was well over thirty.The reason is that she, as a career –oriented woman, is devoted to her work. Navigating between home and the company, she had hardly any time to socialize with people of the opposite sex. Her parents were gripped by anxiety at the thought of their daughter still remaining single at such an age. They did not know what to do and even consulted with some sociologists.But the situation began to change last month, when the headquarters of the company transferred Linda to the training department. On the new post , Linda met a man who tugged on her heartstrings for the first time. Ever since then, they dated virtually on a daily basis, and Linda realized that she would love the man beyond all reason. When she decided to take the matrimonial plunge, she informed me.Though Linda’s love is reminiscent of the romance that we see only in movies and I don’t know what the future will hold for h er, I give her my heart-felt wishes and agree readily to be a member of the entourage of bridesmaids and groomsmen.3.食品供应商The disingenuousness of food suppliers has become a serious issue in today’s society . Some of them defraud the public by dis information and extolling food additives as a great achievement in food industry. They also claim that additives at a moderate level do no harm to health.Some righteous scientists have made in-depth pathological investigations into the content and toxicity of food additives.Their findings, which suggest that some common food additives may lead to health risks if used for a long time, are regarded as a landmark event in the research of food security.Although a gaggle of skeptics hired by food manufacturers question whether such researches are scientifically based and even deride people as timid, many consumers are beginning to pay attention to food additives and turning to natural and fresh food. Some experts promise to give testimony if any consumer charges food suppliers with racketeering.4.电子邮件The effect that e-mail has on our professional and personal life is mind-boggling. People thousands of miles away from each other can send and receive detailed documents within mere seconds. This allows us to take on a multitude of projects , to pool our collective efforts in a way that wouldn’t have been possible before. It has become routine for us to correspond and exchange files with people overseas. The only obstacle is the difference in time zones.But on the other hand, e-mail can eat up a substantial portion of our workday. Sometimes, most of the time and effort involved is going through unsolicited message and deleting junk. However, many of the unwanted messages I receive are actually worth reading, so it would be reckless to wipe them all out without further investigation. After all, many of the messages I receive come from coworkers and superiors. In my opinion, e-mail may help flatten hierarchies in an office setting. It is far easier to make suggestions to our bosses via e-mail than it is to do so in a face-to-face talk. But the downside of it is that e-mail , if misinterpreted, may result in some hurt feelings, and offenses.E-mail can be a blessing or a curse. Used properly, e-mail can offer great advantages. Used poorly, it can cause enormous trouble.5.在现代社会In modern societies, despite the social progress and prosperity. People always feel that there is something not quite right. However , it is hard for them to put a finger on it. A feeling of emptiness and not belonging, a lack of defined solid relationship seem to be the sources of unhappiness. People all agree on the great conundrum of personal happiness: when asked how they are, they will answer in terms of their family life and work life rather than just what they are paid. For them, the quality of life means more than the quantity of salary.However, politicians find it hard to grasp the subject, and are flummoxed by immeasurable concepts such as the family value. As a matter of fact, the government can take a provocative role to respond to the yearning for happiness. Ultimatel y society’s happiness requires us all to play our part, and indeed, playing our part is part of being happy.6.本文体现This essay embodies the author’s positive attitude toward globalization,but it also conveys his worries about the challenges brought about by globalization.Globalization enhanced economic growth at an international level,sustaining the expansion in rich countries and reducing poverty in the rest of the world.Since national economies have become increasingly interdependent,cooperation becomes crucial in the pursuit of progress and security.Nevertheless,the problem is that the value of international cooperation seems to have been forgotten lately.History teaches us that bypassing international laws,agreements and institution means incurring the reversal of globalization.7.名家总是树敌The celebrity professors have many natural enemies. No week goes by without some academic celebrity or other biting the dust，his reputation in tatters. Ambrose is an America’s favorite historian. It now turns out that five of his books contain extensive ―borrowings‖ from others’ works. Goodwin, a fixture on American television, quietly mollified one of her chief victims by paying her some money. Other charges are also being hurled at celebrity profess ors’ say，take compulsive lying, hypocrisy and general flatulence. Is it a case of a few bad apples or the whole barrel? Yet there are two big arguments in favor of what they do. First, they help to circulate ideas, by giving a chance to educated laypeople to get information and universities a chance to pay back some of their debt to the societies. Secondly, they help to keep talented people in academia. Fundamentally, the besetting sin of American academia lies in hyper-specialization. And the market does work. Those dishonest will pay for their sins.8.用道格拉斯According to General Douglas, “Duty”，―Honor‖, “Country”——those three hallowed words reverently dictate what soldiers ought to bet can be and will be. They are one of the world’s noblest figures who need no eulogy from anyon e, for they have written their own history. They do not have noble origin, but have glorious death. They suffer from the bitterness of long separation from those they loved and cherished as well as the horror of stricken areas of war. With their indomitable will, they reverently follow the password of ―Duty‖, ―Honor‖, ―Country‖.A根据著名心理学家马斯洛的描述，劳动是通过满足一系列轻重缓急的需求体系而发挥功能的。

英语复习摘要

英语复习摘要一．填空1. The of the dinner party was disappointed at the small number guests who attented.2. Shouts of protest from the angry crowed.3. Many people have the bad habit of spending money on .4. At the first light of dawn the warships the open sea.5. The student rise in oil prices led to an economics in that country.6. The people of Africa have successfully fought against rule.7. A man of humble , Lincoln eventually became President of the United States through his own efforts8. The flood are most of the villages in the area.9. Many species of animals which once lived on the earth are no longer .10. Mrs.Brown ,who recently general manager of our company, is one of the most capable women I have ever worked ever worked with.11. I don’t really want to make any on the decisions they made.12. I don’t want to you. You must act on your own judgment.13. The typist had to retype the letter three times.14. How one presents himself at an will often decide whether or not he will be given a job.15. is a frequent cause of divorce .16. The boy’s teachers looked upon his working worsening performance with .17. A company may its products by means of newspaper.18. This job requires a university degree at least five years’ experience of teaching.19. The doctors decides to Tom’s stomach to remove the tumor.20. The restless young patient after being told there really was nothing serious wrong with him.21. It is advisable to place important telephone numbers next to the phone in case of an .22. From what I’d heard I Miss Noble must be very popular with her pupils.23. I don’t enjoy hot weather in summer , but we have toIt, don’t we?24. I had seen a great deal of the famous surgeon in my life.25. It is reported that 12 persons were killed and 20 injured when a bombin a supermarkets.26. The police their efforts to try to recover the stolen items.27. I can’t seem to you that I have and I’m not going to leave you!28. Aunt Mary was never one to about unimportant things.29. If you are looking for somewhere to rent ,I think there i a apartment in my building.30. There has been a steady of phone calls from worried customs about the safety of the product.31. The little girl watched the balloons they up into the sky.32. Finding a cure for this disease is one of the greatest facing scientists.33. The club doesn’t accept responsibility for loss of damage to club members personal .34. I have come to understand that all rights carry with them responsibilities.35. The fear was ,and soon everybody was trying to escape .36. Mr.Watt’s worst mistake his believe that he would never make a mistake.37. Why don’t get rid of these books since we don’t use them .38. The new buildings here are all with steel ,for the sake of safety in the case of an earthquake.39. Social sciences such as psychology and sociology are concerned with the study of human .40. We must not be about our achievements; there still a lot of to be done.41. This article ,though very useful and informative ,is much too for the average reader.42. Amy to tell her family the good news about her being admitted to X.43. I can’t believe a man of your would do a thing like that.44. A group of researchers have a discovered a new medical herb, which they haveA large number of patients and found to have great healing power.45. I have been working for months to a way of solving this problem, but as yet I have not been successful.二．翻译1. 会上有人建议任命一个11人委员会来制定新的章程。

英语二级考试复习资料全文剖析

可编辑修改精选全文完整版英语二级考试复习资料英语二级考试复习资料英语是一种西日耳曼语支，最早被中世纪的英国使用，并因其广阔的殖民地而成为世界使用面积最广的语言。

下面是店铺为大家整理的英语二级考试复习资料，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。

英语二级考试复习资料1学习用品 (school things)pen钢笔 pencil铅笔 pencil-case铅笔盒 ruler尺子bag包 eraser橡皮 comic book漫画书 schoolbag书包book书 crayon蜡笔 Chinese book语文书 notebook笔记本dictionary词典 magazine杂志 story-book故事书 newspaper 报纸sharpener卷笔post card明信片English book英语书math book数学书人体 (body)foot 脚 head 头 face 脸 hair 头发 nose 鼻子mouth 嘴 eye 眼睛 ear 耳朵 arm 手臂 hand 手finger手指 leg腿 tail尾巴颜色 (colours)red红 blue蓝 yellow黄 green绿 white白pink表示粉红 purple紫 orange橙 brown棕 black黑动物 (animals)cat猫 dog狗 pig猪 duck鸭 rabbit兔 horse马 elephant大象fish鱼 bird鸟 eagle鹰 snake蛇 mouse老鼠 ant蚂蚁 beaver 海狸bear熊donkey驴goose鹅deer鹿monkey猴goat山羊squirrel松鼠panda熊猫lion狮子tiger老虎fox狐狸zebra斑马hen母鸡giraffe长颈鹿 turkey火鸡lamb小羊 sheep绵羊 cow奶牛 squid鱿鱼 lobster龙虾 shark鲨鱼 seal海豹 sperm whale抹香鲸 killer whale 虎鲸 kangaroo袋鼠人物 (people)friend朋友 boy男孩 girl女孩 mother母亲 father父亲sister姐妹 brother兄弟 uncle叔叔;舅舅 man男人 woman女人Mr.先生 Miss小姐 lady女士;小姐 mom妈妈 dad爸爸parents父母 son儿子 daughter女儿 kid小孩 baby婴儿grandparents祖父母 grandma/grandmother(外)祖母 robot机器人grandpa/grandfather(外)祖父aunt姑姑cousin堂(表)兄弟;堂(表)姐妹 classmate同学 queen女王 visitor参观者 neighbour邻居tourist旅行者principal校长 university student大学生 pen pal笔友 people 人物职业 (jobs)teacher教师 student学生 doctor医生 nurse护士 driver司机farmer农民 singer歌唱家 writer作家 actor男演员 actress女演员artist画家engineer工程师accountant会计cleaner清洁工salesperson销售员baseball player棒球运动员assistant售货员police警察 policeman(男)警察TV reporter电视台记者食品、饮料 (food & drink)rice米饭 bread面包 beef牛肉 milk牛奶 water水egg蛋 fish鱼 tofu豆腐 cake蛋糕 cookie曲奇biscuit饼干 jam果酱 noodles面条 tea茶 meat肉chicken鸡肉 pork猪肉 salad沙拉 soup汤 Coke可乐mutton羊肉 ice冰 ice-cream冰淇淋 juice果汁 coffee咖啡breakfast早餐lunch午餐dinner/supper晚餐meal一餐hotdog热狗hamburger汉堡包 French fries炸薯条 vegetable蔬菜水果、蔬菜 (fruit & vegetables)apple苹果 banana香蕉 pear梨 watermelon西瓜grape葡萄 eggplant茄子 green beans青豆 tomato西红柿potato土豆 peach桃 strawberry草莓 cucumber黄瓜onion洋葱 carrot胡萝卜 cabbage卷心菜 orange橙子衣服 (clothes)jacket夹克衫 shirt衬衫 T-shirt丅恤衫 skirt短裙子 dress连衣裙jeans牛仔裤 pants长裤 socks袜子 shoes鞋子 sweater毛衣coat上衣 raincoat雨衣 shorts短裤 sneakers网球鞋 slippers拖鞋sandals凉鞋boots靴子 hat(有沿的)帽子 cap便帽sunglasses 太阳镜tie领带 scarf围巾 gloves手套 trousers裤子 cloth布交通工具 (vehicles)bike自行车 bus公共汽车 train火车 boat小船 ship轮船 yacht 快艇car小汽车taxi出租车jeep吉普车van小货车;面包车plane/airplane飞机subway/underground地铁motor cycle摩托车杂物 (other things)window窗户door门desk课桌chair椅子computer计算机board写字板 fan风扇 light灯teacher’s desk讲台 picture图画;照片 wall墙壁 floor地板 curtain窗帘 trash bin垃圾箱 closet壁橱mirror镜子end table床头柜present礼物walkman随身听lamp台灯sofa沙发 football/soccer足球 phone电话 shelf书架 fridge冰箱bed床 table桌子 TV电视 air-conditioner空调 key钥匙lock锁 photo照片 chart图表 plate盘子 knife刀 fork叉 spoon 勺子chopsticks筷子pot锅gift礼物toy玩具doll洋娃娃ball球balloon气球 kite风筝 jigsaw puzzle拼图游戏 box盒子 umbrella伞zipper拉链 violin小提琴 yo-yo溜溜球 nest鸟窝 hole洞 tube管子toothbrush牙刷 menu菜单 e-card电子卡片 e-mail电子邮件 traffic light交通灯 money钱 medicine药地点 (locations)home家room房间bedroom卧室bathroom卫生间living room起居室kitchen厨房classroom教室school学校park公园library图书馆post office邮局 police office警察局hospital医院 cinema电影院 bookstore书店farm农场 zoo动物园 garden花园 study书房 playground操场canteen食堂teacher’s office教师办公室 library图书馆 gym 体育馆washroom卫生间 art room绘画教室 computer room计算机教室music room音乐教室 TV room电视机房 flat公寓 company公司factory工厂 fruit stand水果摊 pet shop宠物商店 nature park 自然公园theme park主题公园science museum科学博物馆t he Great Wall长城supermarket超市bank银行country国家village乡村city城市hometown家乡 bus stop公交车站课程 (classes)sports体育运动science科学Moral Education 思想品德课Social Studies社会课 Chinese语文 math数学 PE体育课 English英语课国家、城市 (countries & cities)China/PRC中国 America/USA美国 UK联合王国 England英国Canada/CAN加拿大 Australia澳大利亚 New York纽约 London伦敦 Sydney悉尼 Moscow莫斯科 Cairo开罗气象 (weather)cold寒冷的 warm温暖的 cool凉爽的 snowy下雪的 sunny晴朗的hot炎热的rainy下雨的windy有风的cloudy多云的weather report天气预报景物 (nature)river河流 lake湖泊 stream河;溪 forest森林 path小道 road公路house房子bridge桥 building建筑物 rain雨 cloud云 sun太阳mountain山 sky天空 rainbow彩虹 wind风 air空气 moon月亮植物 (plants)flower花 grass草 tree树 seed种子 sprout苗 plant植物 rose 玫瑰 leaf叶子星期 (week)Monday星期一 Tuesday星期二 Wednesday星期三Thursday 星期四Friday星期五 Saturday星期六 Sunday星期天 weekend周末月份 (months)Jan. (January)一月Feb.(February)二月Mar.(March)三月April 四月May五月June六月July七月Aug.(August)八月Sept.(September)九月Oct.(October)十月Nov.(November)十一月Dec.(December)十二月季节 (seasons)spring春 summer夏 fall/autumn秋 winter冬方位 (directions)south南 north北 east东 west西 left 左边 right右边患病 (illness)have a fever发烧 hurt疼痛 have a cold感冒 have a toothache 牙疼have a headache头疼 have a sore throat喉咙疼数词 (numbers)one一 two二 three三 four四 five五 six六 seven七eight八 nine九 ten十 eleven十一 twelve十二 thirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen十五sixteen十六seventeen十七eighteen十八nineteen十九 twenty二十 thirty三十 forty四十 fifty五十 sixty 六十seventy七十 eighty八十 ninety九十 forty-two四十二 hundred 百one/a hundred and thirty-six一百三十六 first第一 second第二third第三 fourth第四 fifth第五 eighth第八 ninth第九twelfth第十二twentieth第二十thirtieth第三十fortieth第四十fiftieth第五十 sixtieth第六十 seventieth第七十 eightieth第八十ninetieth第九十 fifty-sixth第五十六形容词 (adj.)big大的 small小的 long长的 tall高的 short短的;矮的young年轻的 old旧的;老的 strong健壮的 thin瘦的 active积极活跃的quiet安静的 nice好看的 kind和蔼亲切的 strict严格的 smart聪明的funny滑稽可笑的 tasty好吃的 sweet甜的 salty咸的 sour酸的fresh新鲜的favourite最喜爱的clean干净的tired疲劳的excited兴奋的angry生气的happy高兴的bored无聊的sad忧愁的taller更高的shorter更矮的 stronger更强壮的 older年龄更大的 younger更年轻的 bigger更大的heavier更重的longer更长的thinner更瘦的smaller更小的good好的fine好的 great很好的 heavy 重的 new新的 fat胖的'happy快乐的right对的hungry饥饿的cute逗人喜爱的little 小的lovely可爱的 beautiful漂亮的 colourful色彩鲜艳的 pretty漂亮的 cheap便宜的 expensive昂贵的 juicy多汁的 tender嫩的 healthy 健康的 ill有病的helpful有帮助的 high高的 easy简单的 proud骄傲的 sick有病的 better更好的 higher更高的介词 (prep.)in在……里 on在……上;在……时候 under在……下面near在……的旁边 behind在……后边 next to与……相邻over在……上面 I n front of在……前面代词 (pron.)I我 we我们 you你;你们 he他 she她 it它 they他(她，它)们my我的 our 我们的 your你的;你们的 his他的 her她的动词 (v.)play(.ed)玩;踢 swim(swam)游泳 skate滑冰 fly(flew)飞 jump跳walk走 run(ran)跑 climb爬 fight(fought)打架 swing(swung)荡eat(ate)吃sleep(slept)睡觉like像，喜欢have(had)有;吃turn 转弯buy(bought)买take(took)买;带live居住teach(taught)教go(went)去study(studied)学习 learn学习(learned) sing(sang)唱歌 dance跳舞 row划 do(did)做 do homework做作业 do housework做家务watch TV看电视read(read) books读书 cook the meals做饭 water the flowers 浇花sweep(swept) the floor扫地clean the bedroom打扫卧室make(made) the bed铺床set(set) the table摆饭桌wash the clothes洗衣服 do the dishes洗碗碟use a computer使用计算机 do morning exercises晨练;做广播操 eat breakfast吃早饭 eat dinner吃晚饭 go to school上学 have English class上英语课play sports进行体育运动get(got)up起床climb mountains爬山 go shopping买东西play the piano弹钢琴visit grandparents看望(外)祖父母go hiking去远足fly kites放风筝make a snowman堆雪人plant trees种树draw(drew) pictures画画 cook dinner做饭 read a book看书answer the phone接电话listen to music听音乐clean the room打扫房间 write(wrote) a letter写信 write an e-mail写电子邮件 drink(drank) water喝水 take pictures照相 watch insects观察昆虫 pick up leaves采摘树叶do an experiment做实验catch butterflies捉蝴蝶count insects数昆虫collect insects收集昆虫 collect leaves收集树叶 write a report 写报告play chess下棋 have a picnic举行野餐 get to到达ride(rode) a bike骑自行车 play the violin拉小提琴 make kites 制作风筝collect stamps集邮 meet(met)见面 welcome欢迎 thank谢谢love爱work工作 drink(drank)喝 taste尝 smell闻 feed(fed)喂养shear剪 milk挤奶 look看 guess猜 help帮助 pass传递 how展示use使用clean打扫open打开close关上put放paint绘画tell(told)告诉kick踢bounce反弹ride(rode)骑stop(stopped)停wait等 find(found)寻找到 drive(drove)驾驶fold折 send(sent)寄 wash洗 shine照耀 become变成feel(felt)感觉到think(thought)思考meet(met)遇见fall(fell)落下leave(left)离开wake(woke) up醒来put on穿上take off脱掉hang up挂起 wear(wore)穿 go home回家 go to bed上床睡觉play computer games玩电脑游戏 play chess下棋 empty the trash倒垃圾put away the clothes收拾衣服 get off下车 take a trip去旅行read a magazine阅读杂志go to the cinema去看电影go straight向前直走文英语二级考试复习资料21、必须掌握的词汇：1）场所、地点词汇：Unit1，P1—P2，Part12）病症：Unit3，P15，Part23）五官：Unit4，P34，Part84）动词短语：Unit5，P28，Part55）量词+名词（如：acupoftea）：Unit6，P31，Part16）First~tenth：Unit8，P45，Part37）动物词汇：Unit12，P67—P68，Part18）食物词汇：Unit13，P73—P74，Part12、必须掌握的句型：1）I painted the picture with a big brush.Unit4，P21，Part3 2）Would you like…？Yes，I would。

2018届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--摘要写作(Summary Writing)-学生版(已校对)

IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Wilderness TherapyWhen most people hear the term “psychotherapy”, they picture traditional talk therapy –someone sitting on a couch or chair talking about their troubling thoughts and feelings with a psychologist or other mental health professional. However, talk therapy isn’t the only type of psychotherapy used to help individuals struggling with depression, anxiety, and a whole host of other challenging disorders, emotional struggles, and other types of problems. In reality, therapy takes place in all kinds of settings. One of them is wilderness therapy.When the campsite is set up and the fire is lit, the doctor is in. Wilderness therapy is a successful, and sometimes controversial (有争议的) way to help troubled youth by teaching life and social skills on the hiking trail. Intensive group therapy and one-on-one sessions are coupled with outdoor activities like mountain climbing and fly-fishing to teach self-reliance and responsibility. Programs promise to reform even the most wayward (任性的) of offenders, including teens with depression, anger management issues, or eating disorders.While wilderness therapy can be effective, certain methods have come under fire for using unethical, and sometimes abusive (施虐的) techniques to help struggling youth. Wilderness programs are loosely regulated, so not all programs are staffed by qualified professionals. Upon closer examination, some “therapy” groups seemed to be just military-style boot camps with little mental health benefit.Even legal wilderness therapy groups have been criticized for partnering with teen escort (陪同) companies to forcibly remove unwilling participants from their homes to attend the program. While controversy and risk exist, wilderness therapy might be a creative way to teach life skills when other methods have failed.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of thepassage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Are Open Offices Good for Us?Four years ago, Chris Nagele did what many other technology executives have done before –moved his team into an open concept office. His staff had been entirely working from home, but he wanted everyone to be together, to connect and cooperate more easily. It quickly became clear, though, that Nagele had made a huge mistake. Everyone was distracted and productivity suffered and nine employees were unhappy, not to mention Nagele himself. About three years after moving into the open office, Nagele moved the company into a 10,000-square foot office where everyone now has their own space — complete with closing doors.Numerous companies have held the open office — about 70% of US offices are open concept — and very few have moved back into traditional spaces with offices and doors. But research that we’re 15% less productive, we have huge trouble concentrating in open working spaces, has contributed to a growing criticism against open offices.Beside the cheaper cost, one main argument for the open workspace is that it increases teamwork. However, it’s well documented that we rarely brainstorm brilliant ideas when we’re just shooting the breeze in a crowd. Instead, as many of us know, we’re more likely to hear about the Ch ristmas gift a colleague is buying for a family member, or problems with your deskmate’s spouse.For jobs that require focus, like writing, advertising, financial planning and computer programming, some companies that aren’t ready to abandon open plans are experimenting with quiet and closed spaces. The trouble with that, is some of us don’t feel comfortable leaving the team to go off on our own—it can feel as if we’re not pulling our weight if we’re not present. That’s particularly true in high-pressure environments. Some of us even feel that escaping to a quiet room is a sign of weakness.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.According to an official report on youth violence.“In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terriblereality of vi olence.”Given that this is the case, why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. It is reported that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult. For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence.If the conflict occurs, students can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer. Once the student feels calmer. He or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire while soft words can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After that, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side: and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterwards, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker’s position. Then the two people should change roles.Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. An argument doesn’t mean trying to figure out the fault of the other person but means understanding what the real issue is. As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller.（280 words）IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.To airline and airport operators, fog is an enemy. When the white, misty blanket hides runways, airplanes cannot take off or land. Changes in flight schedules cost the airlines several million dollars each year.Fog is an concentration of tiny water droplets suspended in the air. It most often occurs when warm, most air is suddenly cooled. To clear the air of fog, it is necessary to evaporate the droplets or cause them to join together and fall as rain or snow.In 1968, a new fog-sweeping machine was tested for dissipating(驱散）the most common king of fog, which occurs at temperature above freezing. The machine consists of 100-foot-long plastic tube mounted on a mobile blower. As the machine moved across the airport, chemicalswere blown through the tube and up into the fog. One of the chemicals reduces the surface tension on the water droplets so that they would join together more easily. Another chemical gave an electronic charge to the droplets, so that they attracted each other and fell as rain.Cold fog, which occurs at temperatures below freezing, causes only a small percentage of airport shutdowns. Cold fog is fairly easy to eliminate. For quite a few years, airports have used cloud-seeding methods to dissipate cold fog. An airplane drops crystals of dry ice into the fog. Soon, snow falls and the air clears.In the 1900s, another kind of weapon against fog was developed. Pilots who are flying through fog fire a pulse of laser light toward the runway. The light that would normally be reflected by the fog is screened out by a sensor. When the laser pulse returns, the sensor opens briefly to admit only the light reflected from the runway, thus enabling the laser to “see” the runway through the fog.These new “whether weapons” are helping to win the war against fog.IV．Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.We see it everywhere. A tired parent, at the end of a stressful day, loses it — and a child suffers. We’d like to help if we could, but we hesitate. Is it our business to intervene(干涉)? And if we do, will we embarrass and offend the parent, making him or her even more angry with the child? Isn’t it wiser to walk past without comment? A fter all, none of us is a perfect parent.There seems to be a common assumption in our society that intervening on behalf of a child in a public place is necessarily hurtful and critical. It needs to be neither. There is a world of difference between hurt ful criticism (“How dare you treat your child like that?”) and helpful intervention done in a caring way (“It can be really hard to meet their needs when you’re so busy. Is there anything I can do to help?”) There is nothing essential in intervention that requires one to be offensive.My friends and I have witnessed some really harmful acts: hitting, severe verbal abuse, hurtful comparisons to brothers and sisters, and so on. These children accept this treatment because they are too helpless and inexperienced to stand up for themselves. That emotionalabuse(虐待) leaves no outward scars should not excuse us from helping these children. Those of us who can recognize damaging treatment have an obligation to step in.There is one more reason for intervening that is nearly always overlooked in these discussions, but which I consider to be the most significant: the lifelong effect it can have on the child. Many adults in counseling sessions still recall with gratitude the one time that a stranger stepped in on their behalf, and how much it meant: that someone cared, and that the child’s feelings of anger and frustration were recognized and accepted. These adults have stated to me that this one intervention changed their lives and gave them hope. Are we to bypass the opportunity to make such a big difference in the life of a child?Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.California condors are North American’s largest birds, will wing-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead poisoning nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild, and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico. Electrical lines have been killing them off. “As they go in to rest for the night, they just don’t see the power lines,” says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(电死) if they touch two lines at once. So scientists have come up with a shocking idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced, 66% of set-freed condors died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%.Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney failures and death. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. This work is starting to pay off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.Rideout’s team thinks that the California condors’ average survival tim e in the wild is now just under eight years. “Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them.”Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.A Father’s Influence Makes for Better GradesAdolescents from low-income families in particular are more likely than their middle-class peers to underachieve and to drop out of school. Studies have shown that a positive attitude towards school work and the support and encouragement from their parents can help at-risk youngsters to overcome the economic barriers and lack of resources they face. Most of the evidence about the effects of parental involvement comes from research on mothers. Little is known, however, about how adolescents experience their fathers’ warmth and the beliefs and behaviors that are most affected by it.This new study is part of a larger one focusing on low-income families conducted in four middle schools in the southwestern United States. Data were analyzed from questionnaires completed by 183 sixth-graders about how optimistic and motivated they were about their schoolwork, and how they experienced their fathers. The questionnaires were completed primarily by respondents of Mexican American, African American and European American descent. Their maths and language arts grades were also obtained.Their findings show how fathers can support their teenagers in ways that result in greater optimism, self-efficacy, and, ultimately, higher achievement at school.These positive effects extend to both sons and daughters, while in different ways. Experiencing their father’s warmth first influences daughters’ sense of optimism, and then spills over into their feeling more determined and certain about their academic abilities. This in turn leads to better math grades. There is a more direct link between their fathers’ involvement and teenage boys’ belief in their ability to succeed on the academic front. This heightened self-confidence increased their success in English language arts classes.Suizzo suggests that counselors and educators should encourage fathers to communicate warmth and acceptance to their children, because of the positive influence these emotions have on their well-being.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.For many well-educated travelers, buying a copy of Lonely Planet is the first task before taking a vacation abroad. Founded in 1973, Lonely Planet is the biggest guidebook series in many countries. It’s published in 11 languages including Chinese.But when the BBC confirmed on March 19 that it had sold the entire Lonely Planet series to a US billionaire at a significant deficit(赤字), many commented that the deal sang the swan song for the printed guidebook.The rise of the Internet and the prevalence of smartphones have become a burden on the print media. Why would travelers bring a heavy guidebook when they can download the apps to their smartphone in an instant? Furthermore, alternative and free travel content is readily available on the Internet, from Wikivoyage to TripAdvisor which provide excellent guidance on your trips.But the Internet is not the only reason that guidebooks are in decline. It is also widely accepted that the physical guidebook has such complete content that can kill any sense of personal exploration. With the guide books, all those backpacker feet ended up following routine trade routes, and in those routes was little room for initiative.It’s also pointed out that the guidebook is not exactly good for tourism. Often the shops and restaurants that thrived on a recommendation in the guidebook relaxed and discovered that it didn’t matter: the legions of eager trav elers keep on coming anyway. They gradually become uncompetitive.And yet, despite the rise of new media, it’s believed there is still a place for printed guidebooks, at least for the time being as books still offer readers the kind of feeling that virtual tools can’t provide, more of a compelling, touchable interaction.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.From Burn Survivor to Global InspirationLast October, the Kona Ironman World Championship witnessed an unbelievable finish. Turia Pitt, an Australian woman who suffered severe burns when caught in a bush fire during a marathon six years ago, successfully challenged herself.Pitt spent 864 days in a hospital and went through more than 200 operations. Doctors said she would never run again, but she proved them wrong.Crossing the line in the Hawaiian darkness, Pitt showed incredible emotion as the race commentator (现场解说员) announced: “Turia Pitt, you are an ironman!” On social media, people around the world applauded her determination.Apart from continuing to be a star athlete, Pitt is also a motivational speaker now. She is sharing her journey of recovery with others to help raise awareness about the importance of organ donation, which she believes saved her life.Pitt was 24 years old when she and five others encountered the fire. Doctors had to remove the burnt skin and replace it with donated skin that could fight infection. None could be found in Australia and doctors were forced to search abroad. They finally found skin that could be used in the United States.“I’m not being dramatic, but it was the skin that saved my life,” said Pitt. “I decided to live my life to the best of my abilities because I never wanted those donors, wherever they are, to think I was ungrateful for their gift.”So Pitt set herself a big goal: the Kona Ironman World Championship. In order to compete, she had to first learn how to stand, walk and even talk all over again. And because of her burns, she also has trouble sweating and regulating her body temperature.Despite these disadvantages, Pitt completed the race in just 14 hours. She said this achievement would not be possible without the donated skin, highlighting the importance of organ donation.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.“Where You Go” Doesn’t Matter So MuchDuring the fall months at high school guidance counseling programs, juniors run to the stage to participate in an exercise to try and help them understand that it is not “where you go” that matters. They hold posters featuring the names and faces of famous people while their peers and parents shout out with confidence the names of elite colleges (名校) they assume the celebrities attended.The “oohs” and “aahs” follow as the audience learn that Steven Spielberg, Steve Jobs and Bill Gates dropped out of college and that Ken Burns graduated from Hampshire College. If even a few stressed students and their anxious parents benefit from this information, it is a worthwhile exercise. Even better is giving the students an assignment to identify the happy, successful people in their own circle of family, friends, co-workers and neighbors and challenging them to go and ask “if or where they went to college?” as a means of broadening the conversation in their search for a life after high school.The key to success in college and beyond has more to do with what students do with their time during college than what college they choose to attend. A long-term study of 6,335 college graduates published by the National Bureau of Economic Research found that graduating from a college where entering students have higher SAT scores—one marker of elite colleges—didn’t pay off in higher post-graduation income. Researchers found that students who applied to several elite schools but didn’t attend them—either because of rejection or by their own choice—are more likely to earn high incomes later than students who actually attended elite schools.In a summary of the findings, the bureau sa ys that “evidently, students’ motivation, ambition and desire to learn have a much stronger effect on their later success than average academic ability of their classmates.”IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Sales strategiesHow can a company improve its sales? One of the keys to more effective selling is for a company to first decide on its “sales strategy”. In other words, what is the role of the salesperson? Is the salesperson’s job narrative, suggestive, or consultative?The “narrative” sales strategy depends on the salesperson moving quickly into a standard sales presentation. His or her pitch highlights the benefit for the customer of a particular product or service. This approach is most effective for customers whose buying motives are basically the same.The “suggestive” approach is tailored more for the individual c ustomer. The salesperson must be in a position to offer alternative recommendations that meet a particular customer’s needs. One key aspect of the suggestive approach is the need for the salesperson to engage the buyer in some sort of discussion. The salesperson can then use the information from the customer to suggest an appropriate product or service.The final strategy demands that a company’s sales staff act as “consultants” for the buyer. In this role, the salesperson must acquire a great deal of information about the customer. They do this through market research, surveys, and face-to-face discussions. Using this information, the salesperson makes a detailed presentation tailored to a consumer’s needs. More and more sales teams are switching from a narrative or a suggestive approach to a more consultative strategy. As a result, corporations value creativity and analytical skills.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.When a rather dirty, poorly dressed person kneels at your feet and puts out his hands to beg for a few coins, do you hurry on, not knowing what to do, or do you feel sad and hurriedly hand over some money? What should our attitude to beggars be? There can be no question that the world is full of terribly sad stories. It must be terrible to have no idea where our next meal is going to come from. It seems cruel not to give some money to beg gars.Certainly, most of the world’s great religions order us to be open hearted and share what we have with those less fortunate than ourselves. But has the world changed? Maybe what wasmorally right in the old days, when one knew exactly who in the village had suffered misfortune and needed help, is no longer the best idea. Quite a few people will not give to beggars. Let us look at their arguments.First, some believe that many city beggars dress up on purpose to look pitiable and actually make a good living from begging. Giving to beggars only encourages this sort of evil. Secondly, there is the worry that the money you give will be spent on beer, wine or drugs. Thirdly, there is the opinion that there is no real excuse for begging. One might be poor, but that is no reason for losing one’s sense of pride and self-dependence.Related to this is the opinion that the problem should be dealt with by the government rather than ordinary people. Some people think beggars should go to the local government department and receive help.It is hard to come to any final conclusion; there are various cases and we must deal with them differently. A few coins can save a life in some situations, and even if the money is wasted, that does not take away the moral goodness of the giver.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possibleIt’s a common sight to see food delivery workers riding electric bikes through big cities in China. Most of them seem to be in a hurry, as they run red lights to deliver their meals in time. However, such reckless（鲁莽的）behavior often causes serious problems.In the first half of this year, food delivery drivers had 76 traffic accidents in Shanghai alone, according to the Shanghai Public Security Bureau. This means that on average, there is a food delivery worker that gets hurt or even dies on the road in Shanghai every 2.5 days.Other cities also share similar problems. In Nanjing, three people died and 2,473 were injured in road accidents related to food delivery workers in the same period, according to the Ministry of Public Security.The rise of reckless behavior among food delivery workers is closely related to the growing demand for their service, reported People’s Daily. About 150 million people in China use food delivery services, according to China Radio International (CRI). Such a big market has led to alarge demand for food delivery workers, with some companies offering high salaries to attract new workers.However, food delivery workers are often under high pressure from their employers. They face company fines of 20 yuan for delivering food late and upwards of 200 yuan for receiving complaints, reported CRI. Moreover, the more orders they take, the more commission（佣金）they can earn, leading to some workers checking their mobile phones for new orders while they're riding their bikes.While most companies have measures requiring delivery workers to follow traffic rules, “there remains a problem of whether these requirements and rules for delivery workers are truly entering their ears, brains and hearts,” Wang Liang, deputy head of the Traffic Police Security Bureau, told news website The Paper.To solve the problem, some cities have taken action. Shanghai has asked companies to train their workers on traffic rules and safety. Now in Shenzhen, if a delivery worker gets caught breaking traffic rules more than twice, he or she will be banned from driving food delivery vehicles for a whole year.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possibleReading the world in 195 boobsIn 2012, I set myself the challenge of trying to read a book from every country of all 195 UN- recognized states in a year. With no idea how to find publications, I decided to ask the planet’s readers for help. I created a blog called A Year of Reading the World and put out an appeal for suggestions of titles that I could read in English.The response was amazing. Before I knew it, people all over the planet were getting in touch with ideas and offers of help. Some posted me books. Others did hours of research on my behalf. In addition, several writers, like Turkmenistan’s Ak Welsapar and Panama’s Juan David Morgan, sent me unpublished translations of their novels. Even with such an extraordinary team behind me, however, sourcing books was no easy task.But the effort was worth it. As I made my way through the planet’s literary landscapes,extraordinary things started to happen. Far from simply armchair travelling, I found I was inhabiting the mental space of the storytellers. I discovered, book packing offered something that a physical traveller could hope to experience only rarely: it took me inside the thoughts of individuals living far away and showed me the world through their eyes. More powerful than a thousand news reports, these stories not only opened my mind to basic information of life in other places, but opened my heart to the way people there might feel. And that in turn changed my thinking. Through reading the stories shared with me by bookish strangers around the globe, I realized I was not an isolated person, but part of a network that stretched all over the planet.One by one, the country names on the list that had begun as an intellectual exercise transformed into places filled with laughter, love, anger, hope and fear. Lands that had once seemed foreign and remote became close and familiar to me — places I could identify with. At its best, I learned, fiction makes the world real.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possibleSecure payment without leaving a traceComputer scientist Andy Rupp, member of the “Signaling Code and Security” working group, is always surprised about lacking problem awareness: only few users are aware of the fact that by using payment systems they disclose in detail how and what they consume or which routes they have taken. To prevent control of the accounts by dishonest users, customer data and account balances of payment are usually carried out with the help of a central database. In every payment deal, the customer is identified and the details of her/his deal are transmitted to the central database. This repeated identification process produces a data trace that might be misused by the provider or third parties.The expert has now presented the basics of an “electronic purse” that works by unknown names, but prevents misuse at the same time. The “black-box addition plus” (BBA+) code system developed by them transfers all necessary account data to the card used or the smartphone and guarantees their secrets with the help of signaling code methods. At the same time, BBA+ offers security guarantees for the operator of the payment system: The code system guarantees a correct。

5.英文摘要的写法

Example 3 范例3 -指示性摘要
一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时及其被动语态
This section highlights early electronics milestones that have made significant contributions to aerospace and defense. Today everyone thinks digital, whereas more than 50% of electronic advances since technology founding 50 years ago were in the analog or continuous domain. It is too easy to forget that before the 1970s and 1980s analog systems had been the norm.
thesis, review, conference proceeding or any in-depth
analysis of a particular subject or discipline, and is often
used to help the reader quickly ascertain the paper‘s
purpose.
abstract 摘要 discipline 学科 ascertain 确定，弄清
article 期刊论文 thesis （学位）论文 review 评论
conference proceeding
会议论文集
摘要是对研究性论文、学位论文、学术评论、会议论文或任何特定领域和学科分析研究的一种简略的概述，并经常被用来使读者能够快速了解文章的意图。

(完整版)英语专升本考试重点复习内部资料(专升本英语语法,词汇,阅读理解、翻译)

语法七大语法考试重点一独立主格（一）：独立主格结构的构成：名词( 代词)+现在分词、过去分词；名词( 代词)+形容词；名词( 代词)+副词；名词( 代词)+不定式；名词( 代词) + 介词短语构成。

（二）独立主格结构的特点：1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。

2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系。

3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。

举例：The test finished, we began our holiday.= When the test was finished, we began our holiday.The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.= After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.This done, we went home.The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.He came into the room, his ears red with cold.He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.二过去完成时1）概念：表示过去的过去其构成是had + 过去分词构成。

2）用法a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought 等动词后的宾语从句。

She said (that) she had never been to Paris.b. 状语从句在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。

大学英语三级资料

"College English Learning Manual" (《大学英语学习手册》): This manual provides a comprehensive overview of College English learning, including an introduction to the curriculum, tips for effective learning, and exercises to help students practice their English skills.
"College English Learning Companion" (《大学英语学伴》): This tutorial book offers a companion guide for students learning College English, covering a range of topics such as vocabulary building, grammar review, and exam preparation.
02
Organize your thoughts
Jot down key points or an outline before answering.
Answering Skills
Positive self-talk
Replace negative thoughts with positive self-talk to stay motivated and confident.
翻译技巧
掌握基本的翻译技巧，如直译、意译等，能够准确传达原文意思，提高语言转换能力。
写作技巧
02

2023年公共英语三级下半年考试资料

公共英语三级（PETS 3）是英语水平的一种重要认证，旨在测试考生在一般职业和学术场景下的英语应用能力。

在准备2023年下半年公共英语三级考试时，考生需要掌握以下资料：一、词汇和语法PETS 3的词汇要求较高，考生需要掌握约2,500到3,500个单词和相关的常用词汇和词组。

考生需要熟悉这些词汇的用法，能够灵活运用在各种语境中。

同时，还需要掌握一定的语法知识，能够正确使用各种时态和语态，以及正确理解并使用复杂句型。

二、阅读理解阅读理解是PETS 3考试中的重要部分，要求考生能够理解不同类型文本的主旨和大意，包括议论文、说明文、叙述文和新闻报道等。

考生需要具备一定的阅读速度和理解能力，能够快速浏览文章，抓住关键信息，并进行分析和推理。

在备考过程中，考生可以通过阅读不同类型的文章来提高自己的阅读能力和速度。

三、听力理解听力理解是PETS 3考试中的另一重要部分，要求考生能够理解各种场合中的对话和陈述，并能够进行分析和推理。

考生需要多听英语材料，包括英语广播、电视节目和有声读物等，以提高自己的听力水平和语感。

同时，还需要注意听力材料中的语言特点和发音特点，以及一些常见的口语表达方式。

四、写作写作是PETS 3考试中的另一重要部分，要求考生能够用英语写出一篇符合要求的作文。

考生需要熟悉各种写作技巧和格式，能够根据题目要求组织语言，表达自己的观点和想法。

在备考过程中，考生可以通过练习写作来提高自己的写作水平和表达能力。

五、口语表达口语表达是PETS 3考试中的最后一部分，要求考生能够用英语进行口头表达，包括回答问题、描述事物、发表观点等。

考生需要多进行口语练习，多与他人交流，以提高自己的口语表达能力和流利程度。

同时，考生还需要注意自己的语音语调、语言表达方式和语法错误等，以保持表达的准确性和流畅性。

综上所述，准备2023年下半年公共英语三级考试需要掌握一定的词汇量、语法知识、阅读理解能力、听力理解能力、写作能力和口语表达能力。

2019年英文摘要的论文范文

英文摘要的论文范文有了英文摘要便方便了国际间的交流，取长补短，共同进步。

下面准备了几篇英文摘要的论文范文，欢迎欣赏!英文摘要的论文范文一Fortheviolationoflegitimaterightsandinterestsofconsumersava rietyofoffenses,howtoprovideforthecorrespondinglegalrespons ibilitiesandhowthelegalliabilitysystemreflectedthespecialpr otectionofconsumersshouldbe"ConsumerProtectionLaw"keysolved alegalissue.Tosolvethislegalproblem,itisnecessarytofurtherestablishareg ulatedmarketoperatingordertoprotectlegitimateinterestsofcon sumersandimprovingthelegalliabilitysystem.Ontheonehandistoestablishalegalsystemtheconceptofprotection ofconsumers;theotherhand,istoimproveconsumerprotectionlegalliabilitysys tem.对于侵犯消费者合法权益的各种违法行为，如何规定相应的法律责任以及在法律责任制度中如何体现对消费者的特别保护，应是《消费者权益保护法》重点解决好的一个法律问题。

要解决好这一法律性问题，就必须进一步建立起规范的市场经营秩序和完善保护消费者合法权益的法律责任制度。

一方面是建立消费者的法律体系保护观念;另一方面是完善消费者权益保护的法律责任制度。

英文摘要的论文范文二Titaniumore,electedfrommagiteorTitanmagite,iswidelyusedasth erawmaterialintheproductionoftitaniumdioxide.Titaniumqualit yanditsyieldconstraintsisoftenthebottleneckinthetitaniumind ustry.Thus,wecannotblindlyconsumealargeamountofcapitaltomaintaino rimproveitsqualityandyield.Thispapermakesanattempttoexplore sandoptimizethedevelopmentofthetitaniumindustry,throughinsi deandoutsideobservationandassociation.Inthispaper,flotation testsareconductedtoparetheoriginalpulptitaniumorewithPolyac rylamideandthatwithoutontheconcentrategradeyieldoftitaniumc oncentrates.Inthisprocess,theconsumptionofdrugs,therecoveryrateof,equip mentutilization,theamountandcostofpolyacrylamide(PAM)areall consideredtodeterminewhetheritisaptimizationprogramtoaddPol yacrylamidetotheoriginalflotationpulpoftitaniumore.Finally,wereachaconclusionthroughrelevantdata.Intheexperime ntalprocess,inprinciple,wedonotchangetheoriginalflotationprocessandtherelevantparam eters.Keywords:Titaniumore;Flotation;Polyacrylamide;quality;yield 英文摘要的论文范文三【ABSTRACT】Withthedeepeningoftheglobalization,newshasbeeanimportantpar tofinformationmunicationbetweendifferentcountries.WhetherEnglishnewstranslationisaccurateornotmaydirectlyaffe ctthequalityofourmunicationwithothercountries.InEnglishnews reportdiscourse,theuseofmetaphorexpressionsbeemoreandmore.DuetoEnglishnewsandotherstylisticdifferences,aswellastheEng lishandChineselanguages,ethnicdifferencesinideologyinthepro cessofcross-culturalmunication,makethetranslationofEnglishn ews,especiallyEnglishnewstranslationofmetaphorputforwardgreatch allengetotranslators.SohowtotranslatethemetaphorintheEnglis hnewsisthemutualconcernproblemfortranslationtheoristsandpra ctitionerstodiscuss,therefore,thispaperattemptstofromtheperspectiveofNida'sfunctionalequi valencetheorytodiscussthetranslationofmetaphorinEnglishnews .TheapplicationofmetaphorinEnglishnewsmakeseventsmoredistinc tandvivid,andalsomakeiteasierforEnglishreaderstoprehendandu nderstandthenewscontents.However,duetothedifferencesinEnglishandChineselanguages,the useofmetaphorsinEnglishnewsincreasesthedifficultyoftranslat ion.ThisarticleattemptsfromtheperspectiveofNida'sfunctionalequivalencetheorytodiscussthetranslationofmetaphorinEnglish news,inordertomakeChinesereadersbetterunderstandthesameresponsea ndsenseofbeautyandmeaningofmetaphorsinEnglishnewsastheorigi nalreaders.metaphorRhetoricisnotsimpleoftranslationintoChineseinEnglis hnewsfromtheliteraltransformation,althoughsomerhetoricorare totallythesameinformandcontent,whilethisisjustafew.ThereareculturaldifferencesinEnglishandChineselanguages,inf luencedbydifferentcultures.People'swayofthinkingandexpressi onhavedifferencesinevitably.Whenthetranslatorshouldfirstlyc onsciouslypondertheintentionoftheauthor,digthedeepmeaninghiddenbehindthemetaphorrhetoricofbackgroun d.Underthefunctionalequivalencetheoryregardthetranslatorast heguidance,conformtothelanguagehabitsofthetargetlanguagerea ders,makeChinesereaderscanbetterunderstandthetranslationofm etaphorinEnglishnews.KEYWORD：Englishnews;metaphor;functionalequivalencetheory;translation【中文摘要】随着全球化的深入，新闻成为不同国家之间交流的重要部分。

英孚英语口语资料(一)

英孚英语口语资料（一）一、执行摘要Executive summary是商业提案起头的有效方法。

下面是一种简单的构思方法。

1.首先，提案的目的。

The purpose of this proposal is to find a new location for our company offices.该提案的目的旨在为公司寻找新的办公地点。

2.其次，总结您的提案计划解决的问题。

Because of falling market share, we have to find a way to generate more sales.由于市场份额下滑，我们不得不寻找促进销售额的办法。

3.然后，说明已采取的措施。

We have reviewed a list of options to find the best solution.我们审查了许多选择，以求找到最佳的解决方案。

4.最后，概述您的解决方案，解释您反对其他可能解决方案的原因。

We are proposing a hiring freeze as the best way to cut expenses.我们提议最好的办法是暂停招聘，以削减开支。

We are rejecting layoffs as a solution, due to the negative effects it would have on staff.我们拒绝裁员，因为它会给员工带来负面影响。

二、谈论将来1.I want to be a teacher.我想做一名教师。

2.I would like to get a better job.我想找一份更好的工作。

3.My dream is to start my own company.我的梦想是成立自己的公司。

4.I hope to have a good job.我希望找一份好工作。

5.In five years, I’d like to be a CEO.五年后，我想成为一名首席执行官。

英语口语考试材料

英语口语考试材料As we all know, English oral exams are an important part of English learning and assessment. Whether it is for school exams, job interviews, or daily communication, having good English speaking skills is essential. Therefore, it is crucial to prepare well for English oral exams. In this document, we will provide you with some useful materials and tips for preparing for English oral exams.First and foremost, it is important to practice speaking English as much as possible. This can be done through daily conversations with friends, watching English movies or TV shows, or participating in English speaking clubs. The more you practice speaking, the more confident and fluent you will become.In addition to practicing speaking, it is also important to expand your vocabulary and improve your pronunciation. Reading English books, newspapers, and magazines can help you learn new words and phrases. Listening to English audio materials and imitating native speakers can also help improve your pronunciation and intonation.When preparing for an English oral exam, it is essential to familiarize yourself with common topics and questions that may be asked. This can include introducing yourself, talking about your hobbies and interests, describing a memorable experience, discussing current events, and giving your opinion on various topics. By preparing and practicing responses to these common topics and questions, you will be better equipped to handle the actual exam.Furthermore, it is important to pay attention to your body language and non-verbal communication during the exam. Maintaining eye contact, using appropriate gestures, and speaking clearly and confidently can all contribute to a positive impression on the examiner.Finally, it is important to stay calm and composed during the exam. Nervousness and anxiety can negatively impact your performance, so it is important to stay relaxed andfocused. Taking deep breaths, practicing mindfulness, and visualizing a successful exam experience can all help reduce anxiety and boost your confidence.In conclusion, preparing for an English oral exam requires practice, preparation, and confidence. By incorporating the materials and tips provided in this document into your study routine, you can improve your English speaking skills and perform well in your oral exams. Good luck!。

英语摘要的写法

英语摘要的写法英文题名1、题名的结构英文题名以短语为主要形式，尤以名词短语(noun phrase)最常见，即题名基本上由1个或几个名词加上其前置和(或)后置定语构成。

短语型题名要确定好中心词，再进行前后修饰。

各个词的顺序很重要，词序不当，会导致表达不准。

题名一般不应是陈述句，因为题名主要起标示作用，而陈述句容易使题名具有判断式的语义；且陈述句不够精练和醒目，重点也不易突出。

少数情况(评述性、综述性和驳斥性)下可以用疑问句做题名，疑问句可有探讨性语气，易引起读者兴趣。

2、题名的字数题名不应过长。

国外科技期刊一般对题名字数有所限制。

例如，美国医学会规定题名不超过2行，每行不超过42个印刷符号和空格；英国数学会要求题名不超过12个词。

总的原则是，题名应确切、简练、醒目，在能准确反映论文特定内容的前提下，题名词数越少越好。

3、中英文题名的一致性同一篇论文，其英文题名与中文题名内容上应一致，但不等于说词语要一一对应。

在许多情况下，个别非实质性的词可以省略或变动。

4、题名中的冠词科技论文题名中的冠词有简化的趋势，凡可用可不用的冠词均可不用。

5、题名中的大小写题名字母的大小写有以下3种格式：全部字母大写；每个词的首字母大写，但3个或4个字母以下的冠词、连词、介词全部小写；题名第1个词的首字母大写，其余字母均小写。

6、题名中的缩略词语已得到整个科技界或本行业科技人员公认的缩略词语，才可用于题名中，否则不要轻易使用。

引言摘要的定义为：“以提供文献内容梗概为目的, 不加评论和补充解释, 简明、确切地记叙文献重要内容的短文”。

由于大多数检索系统只收录论文的摘要部分，或其数据库中只有摘要部分免费提供, 并且有些读者只阅读摘要而不读全文或常根据摘要来判断是否需要阅读全文, 因此摘要的清楚表达十分重要。

好的英文摘要对于增加论文的被检索和引用机会、吸引读者、扩大影响起着不可忽视的作用。

1 摘要的类型与基本内容1.1 摘要的类型根据内容的不同, 摘要可分为以下三大类：报道性摘要、指示性摘要和报道-指示性摘要。

英文摘要万能模板

英文摘要万能模板篇一：英语摘要十大万能模板由于英语摘要是新题型，相对来讲比较难，但是大家摸清基本的套路和方法，就不会无从下笔了，下面的十个模板是从《MBA联考英语写作分册》摘录的，模板很简单，大家把模板背熟，到考试是直接套用就行了，不过最好先找几篇文章练练笔，熟悉一下流程。

英文摘要的基本方法就是：首先，写出中文摘要；其次，把它用简单的英文翻译过来并加以修改。

英文摘要的写作注意事项：1、英文摘要结构严谨，表达简明，语义确切。

尽量使用短句，慎用长句。

2、应采用第三人称表达方式，谓语动词用一般现在时、现在完成时或一般过去时。

进行时态和其他复合时态基本不用。

3、英文摘要的语态既可采用主动，也可采用被动。

英语摘要十大万能模板框架一In the first paragraph of the dissertation, the author highlights that due attention has to be paid to__. Several fundamental factors have contributed to such a tendency. First and foremost, among the most convincing causes identified by people, one should be stressed, that is __. In addition, as far as the author is concerned, __ is of utmost significance to our society. The last but not the least, as isillustrated in the last paragraph of the essay, the writer also takes __into consideration. Given all the above argument, we can draw the conclusion that __ is indeed crucial.在本段的第一段，强调我们必须充分重视＿（中心词）。

英语摘要写作文怎么写

英语摘要写作文怎么写英文摘要的内容要求与中文摘要一样，包括目的、方法、结果和结论四部分。

但是，英文有其自身特点，最主要的是中译英时往往造成所占篇幅较长，同样内容的一段文字，若用英文来描述，其占用的版面可能比中文多一倍。

因此，撰写英文摘要更应注意简洁明了，力争用最短的篇幅提供最主要的信息。

第一，对所掌握的资料进行精心筛选，不属于上述"四部分"的内容不必写入摘要。

第二，对属于"四部分"的内容，也应适当取舍，做到简明扼要，不能包罗万象。

比如"目的"，在多数标题中就已初步阐明，若无更深一层的目的，摘要完全不必重复叙述；再如"方法"，有些在国外可能早已成为常规的方法，在撰写英文摘要时就可仅写出方法名称，而不必一一描述其操作步骤。

中英文摘要的一致性主要是指内容方面的一致性，目前对这个问题的认识存在两个误区，一是认为两个摘要的内容"差不多就行"，因此在英文摘要中随意删去中文摘要的重点内容，或随意增补中文摘要所未提及的内容，这样很容易造成文摘重心转移，甚至偏离主题；二是认为英文摘要是中文摘要的硬性对译，对中文摘要中的每一个字都不敢遗漏，这往往使英文摘要用词累赘、重复，显得拖沓、冗长。

英文摘要应严格、全面的表达中文摘要的内容，不能随意增删，但这并不意味着一个字也不能改动，具体撰写方式应遵循英文语法修辞规则，符合英文专业术语规范，并照顾到英文的表达习惯。

选择适当的时态和语态，是使摘要符合英文语法修辞规则的前提。

通常情况下，摘要中谓语动词的时态和语态都不是通篇一律的，而应根据具体内容而有所变化，否则容易造成理解上的混乱。

但这种变化又并非无章可循，其中存在着如下一些规律： 1、时态：大体可概括为以下几点。

1）叙述研究过程，多采用一般过去时。

2）在采用一般过去时叙述研究过程当中提及在此过程之前发生的事，宜采用过去完成时。

英语考试的资料

Do Examinations Do More Harm Than Good?TextOn Eggs and ExamsI've been acting like an egg striking a rock. What is this egg? It's the campaign against the old-fashioned way of teaching Intensive Reading . And what' s the rock?. It' s the old-fashioned way of setting exams. So long as the old type of I.R. examination remains in force, the campaign against the old method of teaching I.R. can't win. It's like an egg striking a rock.Many people agree: Yes, this old-fashioned I.R. (OFIR) is certainly intensive; it calls for most intensive work by the students. But it doesn't teach them how to read. The more intensively the students study, the fewer books they read.And OFIR doesn't teach them language well either. Learning a language means learning to use it. OFIR doesn't do that. It teaches mainly about the language.Well, if so many teachers and students agree that OFIR doesn't teach people how to read, why aren't they willing to give it up? Because of that rock - the rock of the old examination system. If that rock is not smashed, the egg is smashed. The campaign against OFIR can't be won.Many I. R. exams, until now, have actually includec reading material studied during the term. Does that examim how well the students have learnt to read? No. It examine how well they have learnt by heart the reading texts and the explanations the teacher has given them. A student might ge high marks on such .a test without having learnt to read much better than before she took the course. A true test would consistof unseen passages. That would show how well a studew could read and how much she had learnt.Is that so important? Yes. A college student should know how to read and should learn to read much and fast. She should, on graduation, have read hundreds and hundreds of pages, dozens and dozens of books. .How else can our students inherit the knowledge that mankind has gained through the ages? For that is what China must do in order to modernize.Of course, reading in itself is not enough. We must think - think about what we read and analyze its content, idea: and ap.proach. "Cultivate the habit of analysis." That is the aim of education. But we must have something solid to analyze. We must have some knowledge of the world, of nature, of society, past and present, Chinese and foreign. So we must read much. Therefore we must learn to read fast.Naturally, we do need to know something about the language. We do need to know some grammar. But grammar is only a means to an end, not an end in itself. For grammar, after all, is theory. And "what is theory for and where does it come from ? It comes from practice and serves practice." The same applies to grammar. So we need to do some intensive reading for the sake of extensive reading, for the sake of reading whole articles, whole books. A little theory goes a long way. The final test is practice.True, reading is far from the only source of knowledge. Reading without observing life and taking part in life, without experimenting, will produce bookworms, not modernizers.This does not show that all kinds of I. R. are absolutely useless andshould be scrappeds. Some I . R . should be kept but it should be kept within limit. It should not be "the super-power course", riding roughshod over the language curriculumand taking over most of the timetable. And what I . R . we keep and teach should not be so long and so hard that the teacher is forced to use the duck-stuffing, lecturing method. And it should not just focus on "words, words, words ". It should focus on meaning, on ideas, on understanding, on communication - on forests as well as ontrees.But as long as students are forced to get good marks in order to get good jobs; and as long as teachers want their students to get good marks so that they themselves can gain fame as good teachers, then everything depends on examinations. It depends on what sort of exams w e teachers set and the educationalauthorities demand. Until we reform our exams we can hardly reform our teaching methods.So let's launch a new campaign, to discuss and reform the exam system; and at the same time continue the campaign against OFIR, the super-power. We need to fight on two fronts at once. Otherwise we'll be eggs striking rocks.II. ReadRead the following passages. Underline the important viewpoints while reading.l. Different Views about ExaminationsJohn:Examinations do more harm than good!Michae:I agree. We spend so much time revising for examinations that we haven't enough time for new work!Joan:I don't agree. Without exams, no one would do any revision. We would soon forget everything.Linda:That's right. The only time I do any work is when there's going to be an exam! That's true of everyone, isn't it?John:No, I don't think so. Many people work steadily all the time, and they remember what they learn. That's better than doing no work for weeksand then working all night before the examination. If there wereno exams, more people would work like that, don't you agree?Joan:No, I don't think so. I think many people wouldn't do any work at all.I know I wouldn't.Linda:Of course not. Besides, without exams, how could an employerdecide whether to give us jobs?John:The teachers could write reports about us. Examinations can beunreliable, don't you think so? Our teachers know as well, don't they? Linda:Yes, they do. That's why I would rather have an examination!2. The General Certificate of Education at O LevelWhen people discuss education they insist that preparation for examiriationsis not the main purpose. They are right in theory, but in practice, we allrealize how importarit examinations are. What do you know about theexaminations taken at English secondary schools? Here are a few factsabout some of them. .Pupils who remain at school until they are sixteen normally take what is called the Geneial Certificate of Education at Ordinary level. Theexamination is a subject examination. This means you can take a numberof subjects. Some pupils take as many as ten. The more subjects the betterchance a pupil has of getting a job on leaving school.3. Homework Row Led to the Death of a GirlA nine-year old girl was beaten to death by her mother for failing tofinish the day's homework in time.Liu Lin- was a third-year pupil in a primary school in a Tibetan autonomousprefecture in Northwest Qinghai Province: She was one of the best students in her school, according to yesterday's Workers' Daily.But on July 10, she did not do her arithmetic homework when Sun Fengxia, her mother, got home from work at 16:00 p.m.Sun severely beat her daughter with a rolling pin, the newspaper said.By 19:30 p.m. that evening, she found that her daughter had done only part of the homework, and she became even more angry.Sun slapped her daughter in the face and kicked her, according to the paper.Lin became unconscious and later died despite efforts of doctors to save her.Such cases are not rare in China.In December last year in the province, Wu Yuxia beat her nine-year old son Xia Fei to death . She later committed suicide in a prison.In Dalian of Northeast Liaoning Province, Li Liansheng beat his 14- year old son Li Guobin to death in March last year because the boy was playing truant.In Nanjing, capital of coastal Jiangsu Province, 19-year old Wang Lin killed his parents at home because they forced him to try to get good marks in examinations.4. Examinations Are Primitive Methodsof Testing Knowledge and AbilityWe might marvel at the progress made in every field of study, but the methods of testing a Person's knowledge and ability remain as primitive as they ever were. It really is extraordinary that after all these years, educationists have still failed to devise anything more efficient and reliable than examinations. For all the pious claim that examinations test what you know, it is cotnmon knowledge that they more often do the exact opposite. They may be a good means of testing memory, or the knack of working rapidly under extreme pressure, but they can tell you nothing about a person's true ability and aptitude.5. Examinations Are Anxiety-makersAs anxiety-makers, examinations are second to none. That is becauseso much depends on them. They are the mark of success or failure in our society. Your whole future may be decided in one fateful day. It doesn't matter that you weren't feeling very well, or that your mother died. Little things like that don't count: the exam goes on. No one can give of his best when he is in mortal terror,or after a sleepless night, yet this is precisely what the examination system expects him to do. The moment a child begins school, he enters a world of vicious competition where success and failure are clearly defined and measured. Can we wonder at the increasing number of "drop-outs": young people who are written off as utter failures before they have even embarked on a career? Can we be surprised at the suicide rate among students?6. The Examination System Never TrainsYou to Think for YourselfA good education should, among other things, train you to think for yourself. The examination system does anything but that. What has to be learnt is rigidly laid down by a syllabus, so the student is encouraged to memorise. Examinations do not motivate a student to read widely, but to restrict his reading; they do not enable him to seek more and more knowledge, but induce cramming. They lower the standards of teaching,for they deprive the teacher of all freedom. Teachers themselves are often judged by examination results and instead of teaching their subjects, they are reduced to training their students in exam technipues which they despise. The most successful, candidates are not always the best educated; they are the best trained in the technique of working under duress.7. Exam Is a Subjective Assessment by SomeAnonymous ExaminerThe results on which so much depends are often nothing more than a subjective assessment by some anonymous examiner. Examiners are only human. They get tired and hungry: they make mistakes. Yet they have to mark stacks of hastily scrawled scripts in a limited amount of time. They work under the same sort of pressure as the candidates. And their word carries weight.After a judge,s decision you have the right of appeal, but not after an examiner's. There must surely be many simpler and more effective ways of assessing a person's true abilities. Is it cynical to suggest that examinations are merely a profitable business for the institutions that run them? This is what it boils down to in the last analysis. The best commenton the system is this illiterate message recently scrawled on a wall: "I were a teenage drop-out and now I are a teenage millionaire. "11。