6月大学英语六级听力原文
6月大学英语六级听力原文(文字版)
xx年6月大学英语六级听力原文（文字版）1W: Can you e to the concert with me this weekend? Or do you have to prepare for exams?M: I still have a lot to do, but maybe a break would do me good.Q: What will the man probably do?2W: What does the paper say about the horrible incident that happened this morning on flight 870 to Hongkong?M: It ended with the arrest of the 3 hijackers. They have forced the plane to fly to Japan, but all the passengers and crew members landed safely.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?3M: Hello, this is the most fascinating article I've ever e across. I think you should spare some time to read it.W: Oh, really? I thought that anything about the election will be tedious.Q: What are the speakers talking about?4W: I'm not going to trust the restaurant credit from that magazine again. The food here doesn't taste anything like what we had in Chinatown.M: It definitely wasn't worth the wait.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?5W: Do you know what's wrong with Mark? He's been acting very strange lately.M: Come on. With his mother hospitalized right afterhe's taken on a new job. He's just gone a lot on his mind.Q: What do we learn from the conversation about Mark?6W: There were only 20 students at last night's meeting, so nothing could be loaded on.M: That's too bad. They'll have to turn up in great numbers if they want a voice on campus issues.Q: What does the man mean?7M: I try to watch TV as little as possible, but it's so hard.W: I didn't watch TV at all before I retired, but now I can hardly tear myself away from it.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?8W: I'm having a problem registering for the classes I want.M: That's too bad, but I'm pretty sure you'll be able to work everything out before this semester starts.Q: What does the man mean?W: Jack, sit down and listen. This is important. we’ll have to tackle the problems of the exporting step by step. And the first move is to get an up-to-date picture of where we stand now.M: Why don’t we just concentrate on expending here at home?W: Of course, we should hold on to our position here. But you must admit the market here is limited.M: Yes, but it’s safe. The government keeps out foreigners with import controls. So I must admit I feel sure we could hold our own against foreign bikes.W: I agree. That’s why I am suggesting exporting. Because I feel we can pete with the best of them.M: What you are rea lly saying is that we’d make more profit by selling bikes abroad, where we have a cost advantage and can charge high prices.W: Exactly.M: But, wait a minute. Packaging, shipping, financing, etc. will push up our cost and we could no better off, maybe worse off.W: OK. Now there are extra cost involved. But if we do it right, they can be built into the price of the bike and we can still be petitive.M: How sure are you about our chances of suess in the foreign market?W: Well, that’s the sticky one. It’s going to need a lot of research. I’m hoping to get your help. Well, e on, Jack. Is it worth it, or not?M: There will be a lot of problems.W: Nothing we can’t handle.M: Um… I’m not that hopeful. But, yes, I think we should go ahead with the feasibility study.W: Marvelous, Jack. I was hoping you be on my side.9. What does the woman intend to do?10. Why does the man think it’s safe to focus on the home market?11. What is the man’s concern about selling bikes abroad?12. What do the speakers agree to do?W: What does the term “alternative energy source” mean?M: When we think of energy or fuel for our homes and cars, we think of petroleum, a fossil fuel processed from oil removed from the ground, of which there was a limited supply. But alternative fuels can be many things. Wind, sun and water can all be used to create fuel.W: Is it a threat of running out of petroleum real?M: It has taken thousands of years to create thenatural stores of petroleum we have now. we are using whatis available at a much faster rate that it is being produced over time. The real controversy surrounding the mass petroleum we have is how much we need to keep in reserve for future use. Most experts agree that by around 2025, the petroleum we use will reach a peak. Then production and availability will begin to seriously decline. This is not to say there will be no petroleum at this point. But it’ll bee very difficult and therefore expensive to extract.。
2021年6月英语六级听力完整原文(附)
2021年6月英语六级听力完整原文(附)Part III Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.W: Did you hear that Anna needs to stay in bed for 4 weeks?M: Yeah. She injured her spine in a fall and a doctor told her to lie flat on her back for a month so it can mend.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?12.M: A famous Russian ballet is coming to town next weekend. But I can't find a ticket anywhere.W: Don't be upset. My sister just happened to have one and she can't go since she has got some sort of conflict in her schedule.Q: What does the woman mean?13.W: Hello, my bathroom drain is blocked and I'm giving a party tonight. Do you think you could come and fix it for me?M: Sorry, ma'am. I'm pretty busy right now. But I can put you on my list.Q: What does the man mean?14.W: We're taking up a collection to buy a gift for Jemma. She'll have been with the company 25 years next week.M: Well, count me in. But I'm a bit short on cash now. When do you need it?Q: What is the man going to do?15.W: Tony's mother has invited me to dinner. Do you think I should tell her in advance that I'm a vegetarian?M: Of course. I think she'd appreciate it. Imaging how you both feel if she fixed the turkey dinner or something.Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?16.M: Just look at this newspaper, nothing but robbery, suicide and murder. Do you still believe people are basically good?W: Of course. But many papers lack interest in reporting something positive like peace, love and generosity.Q: What are the speakers talking about?17.M: I can't believe so many people want to sign up for the Korea Development Conference.We will have to limit the registration.W: Yeah, otherwise we won't have room for the more.Q: What are the speakers going to do?18.W: Hi, I'm calling about the ad for the one bedroom apartment.M: Perfect timing! The person who was supposed to rent it just backed town to take a room on campus.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?Part III Listening ComprehensionConversation 1W: One of the most interesting experiments with dolphinsmust be one done by Doctor Jarvis Bastian. What he tried to do was to teach a male dolphin called Bass and a female called Doris to communicate with each other across a solid barrier.M: So how did he do it exactly?W: Well, first of all, he kept the two dolphins together in the same tank and taught them to press levers whenever they saw a light. The levers were fitted to the side of the tank next to each other. If the light flashed on and off several times, the dolphins were supposed to press the left—hand lever followed by the right—hand one. If the light was kept steady, the dolphins were supposed to press the levers in reverse order. Whenever they responded correctly, they were rewarded with fish.M: Sounds terribly complicated.W: Well, that was the first stage. In the second stage, Doctor Bastian separated the dolphins into two tanks. They could still hear one another, but they couldn't actually see each other. The levers and light were set up in exactly the same way except that this time it was only Doris who could see the light indicating which lever to press first. But in order to get their fish, both dolphins had to press the levers in the correct order. This meant of course that Doris had to tell Bass whether it was a flashing light or whether it was a steady light.M: So did it work?W: Well, amazingly enough, the dolphins achieved a 100 % success rate.Questions 19—21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q19. What is the purpose of Doctor Jarvis Bastian's experiment?Q20. What were the dolphins supposed to do when they saw a steady light?Q21. How did the second stage of the experiment differ from the first stage?Conversation 2W: This week's program Up Your Street takes you to Harrogate, a small town in Yorkshire. Harrogate became a fashionable resort during Victorian times, when people came to take a bath in the mineral waters. Today, few people come to visit the town for its mineral waters. Instead, Harrogate has become a popular town for people to retire to. Its clean air, attractive parks, and the absence of any industry, make this an ideal spot for people looking for a quiet life. Now, to tell us more about Harrogate, I have with me Tom Percival, President of the Chamber of Commerce. Tom, one of the things visitor notices aboutHarrogate is the large area of open park land right down into the middle of the town. Can you tell us more about it?M: Yes, certainly. The area is called the Stray.W: Why the Stray?M: It's called that because in the old days, people let their cattles stray on the area, which was common land.W: Oh, I see.M: Then, we've changes in farming and in land ownership. The Stray became part of the land owned by Harrogate.W: And is it protected?M: Oh, yes, indeed. As a special law, no one can build anything on the stray. It's protected forever.W: So it will always be park land?M: That's right. As you can see, some of the Stray is used for sports fields.W: I believe it looks lovely in the spring.M: Yes, it does. There're spring flowers on the old trees, and people visit the town just to see the flowers.Question 22—25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q22. Where does this conversation most probably take place?Q23. What do we learn about modern Harrogate?Q24. What does the man say about the area called the Stray?Q25. What attracts people most in the Stray during the spring time?About 700,000 children in Mexico dropped out of school last year as recession-stricken families pushed kids to work, and a weak economic recovery will allow only slight improvement in the drop-out rate in 2021, a top education official said.Mexico's economy suffered more than any other in Latin America last year, shrinking an estimated 7 percent due to a plunge in U.S. demand for Mexican exports such as cars.The decline led to a 4 percent increase in the number of kids who left primary or middle school in 2021, said Juan de Dios Castro, who heads the nation's adult education program and keeps a close watch on drop—out rates."Poverty rose and that is a factor that makes our job more difficult," Castro told Reuters in an interview earlier this month.Hindered by higher taxes and weak demand for its exports, Mexico's economy is seen only partially recovering this year. As a result, drop—out rates will not improve much, Castro said."There will be some improvement, but not significant," Castro said.Mexicohas historically had high drop—out rates as poor families pull kids out of school to help put food on the table, and children often sell candy and crafts in the streets or work in restaurants.The nation's drop—out problem is just the latest bad news for the long—term competitiveness of the Mexican economy. Mexico's politicians have resisted mending the country's tax, energy and labor laws for decades, leaving its economy behind countries such as Brazil and Chile.Passage OneRussell Fazio, an Ohio State psychology professor who has studied interracial roommates there and at Indiana University, discovered an intriguing academic effect. In a study analyzing data on thousands of Ohio State freshmen who lived in dorms, he found that black freshmen who came to college with high standardized test scores earned better grades if they had a white roommate — even if the roommate's test scores were low. The roommate's race had no effect on the grades of white students or low—scoring black students. Perhaps, the study speculated, having a white roommate helps academically prepared black students adjust to a predominantly white university.That same study found that randomly assigned interracial roommates at Ohio State broke up before the end of the quarter about twice as often as same—race roommates.Because interracial roommate relationships are often problematic, Dr. Fazio said, many students would like to move out, but university housing policies may make it hard to leave."At Indiana University, where housing was not so tight, more interracial roommates split up," he said. "Here at Ohio State, where housing was tight, they were told to work it out. The most interesting thing we found was that if the relationship managed to continue for just 10 weeks, we could see an improvement in racial attitudes."Dr. Fazio's Indiana study found that three times as many randomly assigned interracial roommates were no longer living together at the end of the semester, compared with white roommates. The interracial roommates spent less time together, and had fewer joint activities than the white pairs.Question 26—2926. What do we know about Russell Fazio ?27. Who benefited from living with a white roommate according to Fazio's study?28. What did the study find about randomly assignedinterracial roommates at Ohio State University?29. What did Dr. Fazio find interesting about interracial roommates who had lived together for 10 weeks?Passage TwoIn a small liboratory at the Medical University of South Carolina, Dr. Vladimir Mironov has been working for a decade to grow meat. A developmental biologist and tissue engineer, Dr. Mironov, is one of only a few scientists worldwide involved in bioengineering 'cultured' meat.It's a product he believes could help solve future global food crises resulting from shrinking amounts of land available for growing meat the old—fashioned way."Growth of cultured meat is also under way in the Netherlands", Mironov told Reuters in an interview, "but in the United States, it is science in search of funding and demand."The new National Institute of Food and Agriculture won't fund it, the National Institutes of Health won't fund it, and the NASA funded it only briefly, Mironov said."It's classic disruptive technology," Mironov said. "Bringing any new technology on the market, on average, costs $1 billion. We don't even have $1 million."Director of the Advanced Tissue Biofabrication Center inthe Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology at the medical university, Mironov now primarily conducts research on tissue engineering, or growing, of human organs."There's an unpleasant factor when people find out meat is grown in a lab. They don't like to associate technology with food," said Nicholas Genovese, a visiting scholar in cancer cell biology."But there are a lot of products that we eat today that are considered natural that are produced in a similar manner," Genovese said.30. What does Dr. Mironov think of bioengineering cultured meat?31. What does Dr. Mironov say about the funding for their research?32. What does Nicholas Genovese say about a lot of products we eat today?Passage ThreeBernard Jackson is a free man today, but he has many bitter memories. Jackson spent five years in prison after a jury wrongly convicted him of raping two women. At Jackson's trial, although two witnesses testified that Jackson was with them in another location at the times of the crimes, he was convictedanyway. Why? The jury believed the testimony of the two victims, who positively identified Jackson as the man who has attacked them. The court eventually freed Jackson after the police found the man who had really committed the crimes. Jackson was similar in appearance to the guilty man. The two women has made a mistake in identity. As a result, Jackson has lost five years of his life.The two women in this case were eyewitnesses. They clearly saw the man who attacked them, yet they mistakenly identified an innocent person. Similar incidents have occurred before. Eyewitnesses to other crimes have identified the wrong person in a police lineup or in photographs.Many factors influence the accuracy of eyewitness testimony. For instance, witnesses sometimes see photographs of several suspects before they try to identify the person they saw in a lineup of people. They can become confused by seeing many photographs or similar faces. The number of people in the lineup, and whether it is a live lineup or a photograph, may also affect a witness's decision. People sometimes have difficulty identifying people of other races. The questions the police ask witnesses also have an effect on them.Question 33: What do we learn about Bernard Jackson?Question 34: What led directly to Jackson's sentence? Question 35: What lesson do we learn from Jackson's case?。
2023年6月第一套英语六级考试听力原文
20236月第一套真题听力Section AConversation OneM: So how long have you been a Market Research Consultant?W: Well, I started straight after finishing university.M: Did you study market research?W: Yeah, and it really helped me to get into the industry, but I have to say that it’s more important to get experience in different types of market research to find out exactly what you’re interested in.M: So what are you interested in?W: Well, at the moment, I specialize in quantitative advertising research, which means that I do two types of projects.Trackers, which are ongoing projects that look at trends or customer satisfaction over a long period of time.The only problem with trackers is that it takes up a lot of your time.But you do build up a good relationship with the client.I also do a couple of ad-hoc jobs which are much shorter projects.M: What exactly do you mean by ad-hoc jobs?W: It’s basically when companies need quick answers to their questions about their consumers’ habits.They just ask for one questionnaire to be sent out for example, so the time you spend on an ad-hoc project tends to be fairly short.M: Which do you prefer, trackers or ad-hoc?W: I like doing both and in fact I need to do both at the same time to keep me from going crazy.I need the variety.M: Can you just explain what process you go through with a new client?W: Well, together we decide on the methodology and the objectives of the research.I then design a questionnaire.Once the interviewers have been briefed, I send the client a schedule and then they get back to me with deadlines.Once the final charts and tables are ready, I have to check them and organize a presentation.M: Hmm, one last question, what do you like and dislike about your job?W: As I said, variety is importa nt and as for what I don’t like, it has to be the checking of charts and tables.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Question 1: What position does the woman hold in the company?Question 2: What does the woman specialize in at the moment?Question 3: What does the woman say about trackers?Question 4: What does the woman dislike about her job?Conversation TwoW: Hello, I’m here with Frederick.Now Fred, you went to university in Canada?M: Yeah, that’s right.W: OK, and you have very strong views about universities in Canada.Could you please explain?M: Well, we don’t have private universities in Canada.They’re all public.All the universities are owned by the government, so there is the Ministry of Education in charge of creating the curriculum for the universities and so there is not much room for flexibility.Since it’s a government operated institution, things don’t move very fast.If you want something to be done, then their staff do not have so much incentive to help you because he’s a worker for the government.So, I don’t think it’s very efficient.However, there are certain advantages of public universities, such as the fees being free.You don’t have to pay for your education.But the system isn’t efficient, and it does not work that well.W: Yeah, I can see your point, but in the United States we have many private universities, and I think they are large bureaucracies also.Maybe people don’t act that much differently, because it’s the same thing working for a private university.They get paid for their job.I don’t know if they’re that much more motivated to help people.Also, we have a problem in the United States that usually only wealthy kids go to the best schools and it’s kind of a problem actually.M: I agree with you.I think it’s a problem because you’re not giving equal access to education to everybody.It’s not easy, but having only public universities also might not be the best solution.Perhaps we can learn from Japan where they have a system of private and public universities.Now, in Japan, public universities are considered to be the best.W: Right.It’s the exact opposite in the United States.M: So, as you see, it’s very hard to say which one is better.W: Right, a good point.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Question 5: What does the woman want Frederick to talk about?Question 6: What does the man say about the curriculum in Canadian universities? Question 7: On what point do the speakers agree?Question 8: What point does the man make at the end of the conversation?Section BPassage OneA recent International Labor Organization report says the deterioration of real wages around the world calls into question the true extent of an economic recovery, especially if government rescue packages are phased out too early.The report warns the picture on wages is likely to get worse this year despite indications of an economic rebound.Patrick Belser, an international labor organization specialist, says declining wage rates are linked to the levels of unemployment.The quite dramatic unemployment figures, which we now see in some of the countries, strongly suggest that there will be a great pressure on wages in the future as more people will be unemployed, more people will be looking for jobs and the pressure on employers to raise wages to attract workers will decline.So, we expect that the second part of the year would not be very good in terms of wage growth.The report finds more than a quarter of the countries experienced flat or falling monthly wages in real terms.They include the United States, Austria, Costa Rica, South Africa and Germany.International Labor Organization economists say some nations have come up with policies to lessen the impact of lower wages during the economic crisis.An example of these is work sharing with government subsidies. Under this scheme, the number of individual working hours is reduced in an effort to avoid layoffs.For this scheme to work, the government must provide wage subsidies to compensate for lost pay due to the shorter hours.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 9: What is the International Labor Organization’s report mainly about? Question 10: According to an International Labor Organization’s specialist, how will employers feel if there are more people looking for jobs?Question 11: What does the speaker mean by the work sharing scheme?Passage TwoIs there really a magic memory pill or a herbal recall remedy? I have been frequently asked if these memory supplements work.You know, one of the first things I like to tell people when they ask me about the supplements, is that a lot of them are promoted as a cure for your memory.But your memory doesn’t need a cure.What yourmemory needs is a good workout.So really those supplements aren’t going to give you that perfect memory in the way that they promise.The other thing is that a lot of these supplements aren’t necessarily what they claim to be, and you really have to be wary when you take any of them.The science isn’t there behind most of them.They’re notreally well-regulated unless they adhere to some industry standard.You don’t really know that what they say is in there, isn’t there.What you must understand is that those supplements, especially in some eastern cultures, are part of a medical practice tradition.People don’t just go in a local grocery store and buy these supplements.In fact, they are prescribed and they’re given at a certain level, a dosage that is understood by a practitioner who’s been trained.And that’s not really the way they’re used in this country.The other thing people do forget is that these are medicines, so they do have an impact.A lot of times people are not really aware of the impact they have, or the fact that taking them in combination with other medications might put you at increased risk for something that you wouldn’t otherwise being countering or be at risk for.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question12.What question is frequently put to the speaker?Question13.What does the speaker say about most memory supplements?Question14.What do we learn about memory supplements in eastern cultures? Question15.What does the speaker say about memory supplements at the end?Section CRecording 1The negative impacts of natural disasters can be seen everywhere.In just the past few weeks, the world has witnessed the destructive powers of earthquakes in Indonesia, typhoons in the Philippines, and the destructive sea waves that struck Samoa and neighboring islands.A study by the Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters finds that, between 1980 and 2023, nearly 8,400 natural disasters killed more than two million people.These catastrophic events caused more than $1.5 trillion in economic losses.U.N.weather expert Geoffrey Love says that is the bad news.“Overthe last 50 years, economic losses have increased by a factor of 50.That sounds pretty terrible, but the loss of life has decreased by a factor of 10 simply because we are getting better at warning people.We are making a difference.Extreme events, however, will continue to occur.But, the message is that they need not be disasters.” Love, whois director of Weather and Disaster Risk Reduction at the World MeteorologicalOrganization, says most of the deaths and economic losses were caused by weather, climate, or water-related extremes.These include droughts, floods, windstorms, strong tropical winds and wildfires.He says extreme events will continue.But, he says extreme events become disasters only when people fail to prepare for them.“Many ofthe remedies are well-known.From a planning perspective, it is pretty simple.Build better buildings.Don’t build where the hazards will destroy them.From an early-warning perspective, make sure the warnings go right down to the community level.Build community action plans.“The World Meteorological Organization points to Cuba and Bangladesh as examples of countries that have successfully reduced the loss of life caused by natural disasters by taking preventive action.It says tropical storms formerly claimed dozens, if not hundreds of lives, each year, in Cuba.But, the development of an early-warning system has reversed that trend.In 2023, Cuba was hit by five successive hurricanes, but only seven people were killed.Bangladesh also has achieved substantial results.Major storm surges in 1970 and 1991 caused the deaths of about 440,000 people.Through careful preparation, the death toll from a super tropical storm in November 2023 was less than 3,500.Question 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.Question 16.What is the talk mainly about?Question 17.How can we stop extreme events from turning into disasters?Question 18.What does the example of Cuba serve to show?Recording 2As U.S.banks recovered with the help of American government and the American taxpayers, President Obama held meetings with top bank executives, telling them it’s time to return the favor.“The way I see it are banks now having a greater obligation to the goal of a wider recovery,” he said.But the president may be giving the financial sector too much credit.“It was in a free fall, and it was a very scary period.”Economist Martin Neil Baily said.After the failure of Lehman Brothers, many of the world’s largest banks feared the worst as the collapse of the housing bubble exposed in investments in risky loans.Although he says the worst is just over, Bailey says the banking crisis is not.More than 130 US banks failed in 2023.He predicts high failure rates for smaller, regional banks in 2023 as commercial real estate loans come due.“So,there may actually be a worsening of credit availability to small and medium sized businesses in the next year or so.”Analysts say the biggest problem is high unemployment, which weakens demand and makes banks reluctant to lend.But US Bankcorp chief Richard Davis sees the situation differently.“We’re probably more optimistic than the experts might be.With that in mind, we’re putting in everything we can, lending is the coal to our engine, so we want to make more loans.We have to find a way to qualify more people and not put ourselves at risk.” While some economists predict continued recovery in the future, Baily says the only certainty is that banks are unlikely to make the same mistakes — twice.“You know, forecasting’s become a very hazardous business so I don’t want to commit myself too much.I don’t think we know exactly what’s going to happen but it’s certainly possible that we could get very slow growth over the next year or two.” If the economy starts to shrink again, Baily says it would make a strong case for a second stimulus —something the Obama administration hopes will not be necessary.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.Question19.What does President Obama hope the banks will do?Question20.What is Martin Neil Baily’s prediction about the financial situation in the future?Question21.What does U.S.Bankcorp chief Richard Davis say about its future operation?Question22.What does Martin Neil Baily think of a second stimulus to the economy?Recording 3A new study has failed to find any conclusive evidence that lifestyle changes can prevent cognitive decline in older adults.Still there are good reasons to make positive changes in how we live and what we eat as we age.Cognitive decline is the loss of ability to learn new skills, or recall words, names, and faces that is most common as we age.To reduce or avoid it, researchers have examined the effect of smoking, diet, brain-challenging games, exercise and other strategies.Researchers at Duke Universityscrutinized more than 160 published studies and found an absence of strong evidence that any of these approaches can make a big difference.Co-author James Burke helped design the study.“In the observational studies we found that some of the B vitaminswere beneficial.”“Exercise, diet, cognitive stimulation showed some positive effects, although the evidence was not so strong that we could actually consider these firmly established.” Some previous studies have suggested that challenging your brain with mentally stimulating activities might help.And Burke said that actually does seem to help, based on randomized studies —the researcher’s gold standard.“Cognitive stimulation is one of the areas where we did find some benefit.The exact type of stimulation that an individual uses is not as important as being intellectually engaged.”The expert review also found insufficient evidence to recommend any drugs or dietary supplements that could prevent or slow cognitive decline.However, given that there is at least some evidence for positive effects from some of these lifestyle changes, plus other benefits apparently unrelated to cognitive decline, Burke was willing to offer some recommendations.“I think that by having people adopt a healthy lifestyle, both from a medical standpoint as well as nutritional and cognitive stimulation standpoint, we can reduce the incidence of cognitive decline, which will be proof that these factors are, in fact, important.” James Burke of Duke University is one of the authors of a study reviewing previous research on cognitive decline.The paper is published online by the Annals of Internal Medicine.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.Question 23.According to the speaker, what might be a symptom of cognitive decline in older adults?Question 24.According to James Burke, what does seem to help reduce cognitive decline?Question 25.What did James Burke recommend to reduce the incidence of cognitive decline?。
英语六级听力原文
英语六级听力原文英语六级听力原文听力原文Florence Hayes is a journalist for the Green Ville Journal, the daily newspaper in town. Specifically she covers crime in the Green Ville area. This responsibility takes her to many different places every week——the police station, the court and the hospital. Most of the crimes that she writes about fall into two groups: violent crimes and crimes against property. There isn’t much violent crime in a small town like Green Ville, or at least not as much as in the large urban areas. But assaults often occur on Friday and Saturday nights, near the bars downtown. There’re also one or two rapes on campus every semester. Florence is very interested in this type of crime and tries to write a long article about each one. She expects that this will make women more careful when they walk around Green Ville alone at night Fortunately, there were usually no murders in Green Ville. Crimes against property make up most of Miss Heyes’ reporting. They range from minor cases of deliberate damaging of things to much more serious offenses, such as car accidents involving drunk drivers or bank robberies but Florence has to report all of these violations from the thief who took typewriters from every unlock room in the dormitory to the thief who stole one million dollars worth of art work from the university museum. Miss Hayes enjoys working for a newspaper but she sometimes gets unhappy about all the crime she has to report. She would prefer to start writing about something more interesting and less unpleasant such as local news or politics, maybe next year Florence HayesGreen Ville篇章类型及提要：听力点睛：本文主要从Florence Hayes，一位来自Green Ville Journal的记者的`工作揭示Green Ville的治安状况。
23年6月六级第一套听力原文
23年6月六级第一套听力原文2023年6月六级第一套听力原文Section AConversation 1Woman: Hey, did you hear about the new education reform?Man: Yes, I did. It sounds like they’re really shaking things up this time.Woman: Well, I think it’s a great idea. We need to update our education system to prepare students for the modern world.Man: Absolutely. Too many students are being taught outdated methods that don’t focus on critical thinking or problem-solving. We need to give them more real-world experiences.Woman: And not just in the classroom, but also outside. We should encourage more hands-on projects and community service.Man: Agreed. Schools should also provide more opportunities for students to collaborate and work together. This is essential for their future success in the workplace.(Questions 1-3)1. What are the speakers mainly discussing?The speakers are mainly discussing the need for education reform to prepare students for the modern world. They believe that the current education system is outdated and needs to be updated to focus on critical thinking, problem-solving, real-world experiences, and collaboration.2. What does the man think is a great idea?The man thinks that the idea of updating the education system to prepare students for the modern world is a great idea. He believes that students are being taught outdated methods that don’t focus on critical thinking or problem-solving, and that they need more real-world experiences and opportunities to collaborate.3. Why do the speakers believe that providing more community service is important?The speakers believe that providing more community service is important because it allows students to gain real-world experiences and develop important skills such as teamwork, leadership, and social responsibility. These skills are essential for their future success in the workplace and in life.。
2022年6月六级听力原文
六级听力原文Part II Listening ComprehensionSection AQuestions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.W: (1) Mr. David Jackson, a staff writer at the New Yorker, is known for his non-fiction books of adventure. Today, we go on a different kind of adventure: Jackson’s life of parenting his offspring. David, as a parent of an 11- and a 14-year-old, what is the most interesting issue you are dealing with right now?M: It’s easy to focus on the challenges, but so far, I find these ages to be kind of wonderful. (2) They are independent, and they have their own curiosities and obsessions. You can talk to them about fairly sophisticated subject matter such as politics.W: Yes, that does sound refreshing compared with talking to younger children. Do they ask you to proofread their essays?M: Certainly, with writing they do. (3) I really just try to be encouraging. I think at this age, editorial guidance is less important than encouragement.W: Are there books that you think are important that your children read, and that all children read?M: My general thought is to read widely and to incorporate a love for reading. Learning to love to read, I think, is the optimal thing, because it gives you a skill you can take anywhere.W: So you’re not too concerned like some parents with the content they’re reading? I know I have some worries about that.M: Yeah, read what you like. If a child loves graphic novels or comic books, whatever it is, that is turning them on to read and turning on their imagination.W: (4) I feel that children’s tastes in books change as they reach adolescence. I know that mine certainly did when I was a teenager. What do you think?M: I think it’s especially important as they get older to read subject matter that’ll open their eyes to the world and people. So I think both fiction and non-fiction are really important because they give you the power to begin to perceive the world through the lives of others.1. What do we learn about David Jackson from the conversation?2. What does the man think of young teenagers?3. How does the man help his kids with their essays?4. What does the woman say about herself when sheQuestions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.M: (5) In this episode of Money Talks, our guest is Molly Sanders, a university student and a successful young entrepreneur. Molly, tell us about your business.W: Well, I sell specialty clothes through a website, mainly for women who havetrouble finding suitable clothes in main street shops because of their height or weight. But I do some men’s clothes too.M: How did you get started in this business at such a young age? Are you studying fashion design?W: Actually, I’m majoring in finance, but I’ve always loved clothes. And I started making my own at 14.M: Did you have any sort of training in design or sewing? Or was it a natural ability? W: I’d have to say no to both. (6) No one ta ught me to make clothes and most of the things I made at first were disasters.M: Why did you persevere? I think most people would give up if they kept failing, especially at that age.W: I kept on out of necessity. (7) As you can see, I’m very tall and I couldn’t find clothes that tit me in ordinary shops. So I kept trying and developed my skills over time.M: Well, my notes say you earned $50,000 in profits last year, an extraordinary amount for a 20-year-old student. How did that happen? Did you see a gap in the market and decide to fill it?W. No. When I started university, some classmates complimented my clothes. And when I said I made them myself, other tall women started asking if I would make theirs. And I did. And before I knew it, I was an entrepreneur.M: So what are your plans for the future? Do you intend to open a physical store? W: No. I’ll keep things online to keep costs down. (8)But I will add more clothes for children, both girls and boys, and possibly even for infants. And I hope to add to my range of designs for men.5. What do we learn about the woman?6. What does the woman say about the clothes she made at first?7. Why did the woman persevere in making clothes for herself?8. What does the woman plan to do in the future?Section BQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.Researchers have identified a potent new antibiotic compound using artificial intelligence. The antibiotic can kill very dangerous bacteria. According to a study published in the journal Cell, the compound successfully removed deadly strains of bacteria in mice which are resistant to all known antibiotics.(9) The researchers say this is the first time that artificial intelligence has been used to find a powerful new antibiotic molecule. Why does this matter? The answer is antibiotic resistance. This happens when bacteria develop the ability to survive the medications designed to kill them.(10) Antibiotic resistance is a serious threat to health and the problem is growing. This makes finding new antibiotics very important. However, in recent decades, very few have been developed, and those that have tend to be very similar to drugs alreadyavailable. The searches also tend to only focus on a narrow spectrum of chemical compounds, but this is where artificial intelligence comes in. Why? To find new drugs, scientists screen molecules to predict how effective they might be. Typically, such screening is done by humans in the lab, which is both costly and slow. Artificial intelligence is different. It’s fast, and it can process a high volume. It can screen hundreds of millions of compounds to identify a few interesting candidates that require experimental testing.(11) Artificial intelligence is also able to predict if compounds are likely to be toxic. Some experts assert that this work signifies a paradigm shift in antibiotic discovery. It could change drug discovery more generally.9. What have researchers done for the first time in history?10. What makes it important to find new antibiotic11. What does the passage say artificial intelligence is able to do in antibiotic research?Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.A recent study overturned what we think we know about lying. (12-1) Most of us have a theory about how to tell if someone is telling a lie. We may develop that theory from observations of those people we know well and see regularly, but we tend to generalize what we gather from that unscientific daily research and make it a universal theory.So we might imagine that liars have evasive eyes, or the opposite—they simply stare at you. Or perhaps it is more generally nervous behavior we associate with lies. (12-2) Whatever the particular theory, it’s usually based on close observation of people we know. And we get lots of practice. (13) On average, we’re lied to some 200 times per day. These are mostly harmless lies, but lies nonetheless.But there’s a problem with our theories, even though they’re based on all these observations. (14) The average person—you and me—tested rigorously on how well we detect lies fails to do better than chance. That’s well established over many studies and lots of attempts by researcher s to work out reliable ways to detect lies. It’s even relatively easy to fool lie detectors, the gold standard of lie detection, by training yourself in breathing techniques and symptom suppression.Is there any way to get better at detecting lies? The new research offers some surprising advice. (15) Stop looking and listen instead. It turns out that if we’re unable to see the face, but rather focus on the voice of the person in question, our accuracy rate improves considerably.12. According to the passage, how do most people detect lying?13. What does the passage say about most lies?14. What have many studies uncovered about the average person’s lie detection?15. What advice does the new research offer regarding lie detection?Section CQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.Appear to be submissive, humble, grateful and undemanding; show great pleasure when a doctor comes into your room, even if the visit is brief and useless. Don’t challenge anyone with authority u nless you are famous or very rich.Those are a few strategies for dealing with today’s American medical establishment. (16) What patients want is to be treated with respect and consideration. But in my experience, too few hospitals and doctors are ready to do that. In his book, A Whole New Life, novelist Reynolds Price recalls that his doctors chose a crowded hallway as the place to tell him he might have a tumor on his spinal cord. It did not occur to the two physicians that a hallway was not the most appropriate place for that particular piece of news.My surgeon, who is in his mid-thirties, looks tired. He has been overwhelmed with patients who have fallen on the winter ice. He is a witty man, but sometimes his wit is unwelcome."The health insurance company Blue Cross wants me to put you out in the snow tomorrow afternoon," he tells me after I have been in the hospital for more than a week. I’m terrified because I have no idea where to 80. I cannot walk or even lift my leg a few inches. The hospital social worker strikes me as an idiot. But my complaints about her only annoy my surgeon. "I have to work with these people," he tells my friend, Dr. Karen Brudney, when she mercifully intervenes on my behalf and arranges for me to be transferred to another hospital."If you say one negative thing, they get defensive," she tells me later. "They have this kind of institutional loyalty. (17) Always bring an advocate, that is, any other person with you to the hospital, and write down every single question and the answer, the name of every doctor and nurse. When people know you have their names, they behave better. And," Brudney adds, "if you, as a patient, suggest that you might like to control even part of the situation or be consulted or informed, then you are considered difficult. (18) They want you to be totally passive. The entire health care system, particularly hospitals and nursing homes, exists for reasons that have nothing to do with taking care of patients. Patients are incidental. ”16. What does the speaker say about most American hospitals?17. What does Karen Brudney suggest patients do?18. What do American doctors expect their patients to be, according to Karen Brudney?Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.There are probably teams you’ve worked with but you never want to work with again. But there must have also been other teams that you would prize reuniting with professionally. In other words, your team had vitality. (19) Vitality comes about when the ties people form with their fellow team members are such that they stay connected even after the team breaks up.What characteristics of a team make its members more likely to stay in contact despite no longer working together? This question has been answered recently in a study published in a business journal.One of the two key factors the research team discovered is sameness. Specifically, sharing the same gender or ethnic origin. (20) The more members of a team share similar demographics, the more inclined they will be to remain associates long after the team has served its purpose. After ties are established, similarity strengthens them. As a result, they regard these individuals with greater trust and mutual understanding, which motivates them to seek further opportunities for collaboration. In effect, people tend to create stronger and longer-lasting connections with similar others. Someone who looks and sounds different from us may have the resources we need to be more successful. Yet, we find them to be significantly less credible simply because they are different. If you are a fierce advocate of workplace diversity, you’ll no doubt be horrified by such a revelation.The second factor identified by the researchers is the quality of the relationships among the team members. The more they trust one another, share the same goals and depend on each other for the achievement of those goals, the stronger their chances of maintaining their connections, despite no longer working as one team. Teams with quality relationships have a shared belief that it’s safe to take risks with each other, and their members are obliged to share the workload and help out.From personal experience, I can see both the truth and the inconsistency of such studies. The truth is some of my closest friendships were formed as a result of having worked together on teams, and I actively seek opportunities to work with them again.(21) The inconsistency, though, is that I’ve never worked for a team more successful and cohesive than the one of which I am a member right now. And yet, the four of us have very little in common and are completely different demographically. So I am unlikely to question the value of a diverse workforce.19. What does the speaker say about a team with vitality?20. What do the researchers find out about members of a team?21. What do we learn about the team the speaker is currently working in? Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.An American researcher who studied 600 millionaires found how rich you can get comes down to six wealth factors. She found that six behaviors are related to net worth potential, regardless of age or income. These were thriftiness, confidence, responsibility, planning, focus and social indifference.Being thrifty comes as no great surprise. Spending above your means, spending instead of saving for retirement, spending in anticipation of becoming wealthy, makes you a slave to the paycheck. (22) "Even with an astronomical level of income," she wrote, "to properly build wealth, experts recommend saving 20% of your income and living off the remaining 80%.”Having confidence is another key characteristic, as it helps people to be thrifty.(23) It takes confidence to live within your means. It also takes confidence to invest properly. Instead of making investing decisions with your emotions, financial planners advise that you should leave your investments alone and focus on a long-term in vestment plan. But people can’t invest or manage their own money without accepting responsibility for the outcomes. Many millionaires take on personal responsibility, and most also happen to be self-made, meaning they didn’t acquire their wealth through luck.(24) Millionaires don’t count on anyone else to make them rich, and they don’t blame anyone else if they fall short. They focus on things they can control and align their daily habits to the goals they have set for themselves. They tend to be goal-oriented and hard workers, which enables them to plan financially and focus on seeing those plans through. 92% of the millionaires surveyed developed a long- term plan for their money and 97% almost always achieved the goals they set for themselves.And it is these behaviors that make it easy for them to be socially indifferent. They resist lifestyle creep, the tendency to spend more whenever one earns more. (25) Essentially, they don’t yield to pressure to buy the latest thing or to keep up with others or what they have acquired. Instead of being focused on what might make them happy today, they’re focused on their long-term wealth-building plan.22. What do experts recommend concerning being thrifty?23. How does confidence help people to be thrifty?24. How do millionaires react when they fail in their investment?25. Why does the speaker say millionaires are socially indifferent?。
2019年6月英语六级第二套听力原文翻译
2019年6月听力第2套Conversation 1W: Hi, my name’s Cathy, nice to meet you.女：嗨，我叫凯西，很开心认识你。
M: nice to meet you too, Cathy. My name’s John. I’m a university friend of the bride. What about you? Who do you know at this party?男：你好，凯西。
我叫约翰。
我是新娘的大学同学，你是？W: I am a colleague of Brenda. I was a little surprised to be invited, to be honest. we’ve only been working together the last six months, but we quickly became good friends. (1) we just wrapped up a project with a difficult client last week. I bet Brenda is glad it’s done with, and she can focus on wedding preparations.女：我是新娘布兰达的同时。
说实话，被邀请参加婚礼我挺意外的。
我们一块儿共事只有半年，但是我们很快成为好朋友啦。
我们上周才结束了一个客户很难缠的项目。
我觉得布兰达一定很开心项目结束了，所以她可以好好地操办婚礼了。
M: oh, yes. so you are the Cathy from the office. Actually, I’ve heard a lot about you in that project, the client sounded like a real nightmare.男：哦是吗，所以你是布兰达公司的凯西。
2021年6月英语六级听力原文(第一套)
2021年6月大学英语六级听力原文（第一套）Conversation 1Man: It's my last day at work tomorrow.I'll start my new job in 2 weeks. My human resources manager wants to conduct an interview with me before I leave[Ql]. Woman: Ah, an exit interview. Are you looking forward to it?Man: I'm not sure how I feel about it. I resigned because I've been unhappy at that company for a long time, but I'm not sure if I should tell them how I really feel. Woman: To my way of thinking, there are two main potential benefits that come from unleashing and agitated stream of truth during an exit interview. The first is release. Unburdening yourself of frustration, and perhaps even anger to someone who isn't a friend or close colleague can be wonderfully free.Man: Let me guess. The second Is thBt the criticism will, theoretically, help the organization I'm leaving to improve, making sure employees of the future are less likely to encounter what I did?Woman: That's right. But the problem with the company improvement part is that very often it doesn't happen. An exit interview is supposed to be private, but often isn't. In mv company, the information Rained from these interviews is often not confidential. The information is used as dirt against another manager, or can be traded amonR senior managers[Q2].Man: Now you've got me rethinking what I'll disclose in the interview. There is always a chance that it could affect my reputation and my ability t。
大学英语六级听力练习原文
大学英语六级听力练习原文大学英语六级听力练习原文In winter in Britain, many children and adults enjoy going to the theatre to watch a pantomime. Pantomimes are a very old form of entertainment, but the modern version is as popular as ever. Pantomimes today originate from a type of light, popular, comedy play from 16th Century Italy. Some aspects of modern pantomime date from this time, for example having stock characters who appear in different stories. Pantomimes started to be performed in England in the 17th Century, and it was here that the comedy developed into slapstick - a clownish, physical comedy characterised by people falling over or fighting in a silly way. In the 19th Century, Grimaldi, a famous clown, introduced the tradition of audience participation, a very important aspect of modern pantomime. He established catch phrases, which the audience would respond to by shouting a known response. There are two very well-known catch phrases in modern British pantomime. The first is that a character will pretend not to see his enemy and ask the audience where he is. The audience shout out Look behind you! The second is where a character pretends to have an argument with the audience using phrases like Oh yes I did and Oh no you didnt! Pantomimes are based on folk stories or fairy tales like Cinderella, Jack and the Beanstalk or Snow White and the Seven Dwarves. The performances often include songs or music. There are two stock characters who feature in almost every pantomime. The first is thepantomime dame, an older woman such as an aunt, usually played by a man. She usually has an outrageous costume and a bawdy sense of humour. In addition, there is often a male character played by a youngwoman, called the principal boy. This is usually the hero of the story. The fact that actors are playing roles of the wrong gender is part of the joke. Often, celebrities from the world of TV or pop music take leading roles in pantomimes, or pantos. You will find a pantomime in almost every theatre in Britain in wintertimeOh yes you will! GLOSSARY词汇表 :pantomime 话剧 originate from 起源于 date from 起始于 stock character 固定角色 slapstick 闹剧, 滑稽戏 clownish 滑稽的 physical comedy 喜剧 clown 小丑 audience participation 观众的参与 catch phrases 口头禅, 套话 character 角色 based on 以为基础, 基于 folk stories 民间故事 fairy tales 神话故事 pantomime dame 话剧的女主角之一, 通常是指年岁较大的.那位played by 由来演bawdy 淫猥的, 下流的principal boy 话剧的男主角actors 演员celebrities 社会名流【大学英语六级听力练习原文】。
2024年6月大学英语六级听力原文(第1套)
2024年6月大学英语六级听力原文(第1套)Conversation OneThank you for meeting with me, Stephen, at such a short notice.Not a problem, Margaret.Now please give me some good news. Have you agreed to my last proposal?I have indeed and I wish to sign the agreement, pending one small change to be made a contract.Margaret, we've been through this for almost a year now, back and forth making alterations.Are you sure you want to make a sponsorship deal for your clients or not?I ask this because frankly, some people at my end are running out of patience.I understand your concerns, but as I'm sure you understand, we hold our clients' best interests to be of the utmost concern.We therefore comb through the fine details of all contracts.Rest assured we all appreciate your firm's patience.Okay, fine. So what changes do you wish to make?Essentially, we would like the new deal to exclude the Middle East. That's all.The Middle East? Why?My client has a couple of other prospective marketing deals from companies in the Middle East.Those offers, should they materialize, would exclusively employ my client's image in the Middle East only.Therefore, in order to avoid any conflict, we would need to ensure that both marketing campaigns do not overlap geographically.What business sector in the Middle East are we talking about here?Real estate. Well, that should be okay then.So long as the product is very different from our food and beverage market, there should be no conflict of interest.Nevertheless, I will have to run this through my people.I don't foresee any problem, though.The Middle East is a negligible market for us.But I still need to check this with a couple of departments.Question 1. What does the woman say she will do?Question 2. What does the man say about some people he represents?Question 3.What reason does the woman give for the new deal to exclude the Middle East?Question 4. What does the man say about the Middle East?Conversation TwoNext, we have a special science-related new story. Paula Hancock isat the Denver Observatory.Paula, what is the big story over there?Hi, John. Yes, all the astronomers on site here are very excited.In fact, space enthusiasts all across North America and the rest of the Northern Hemisphere will be congregating on mountain tops tonight to watch the night's sky.Why? What's the big event? Is there an eclipse happening soon?Tonight, the Earth will come into close proximity with the Oppenheimer comet.It is the closest our planet has been to such a phenomenon in over 100 years.For this reason, it is expected that thousands of people will gaze up at the sky tonight in order to see this formidable object.How far away is this comet? Will people be able to see it with the naked eye?The Oppenheimer comet will still be millions of miles away on the edge of our galaxy.But nevertheless, this is a relatively close distance, close enough for people to observe in good detail through a telescope.People will only see a blur without one.However, that does not mean one needs professional equipment.Even the most ordinary of telescopes should be conducive for people to observe and wonder at this flying object.Many of our viewers will be wondering how they too can take part in this once-in-a-lifetime event.Where will this comet be in the sky? How can people find it?The comet will be almost exactly due north, at 60 degrees above the equator.However, finding the comet is indeed very tricky.And scientists here have told me there are plenty of phone apps that will facilitate this.How fantastic! Thank you, Paula, for the information.Question 5.What does the woman say about all the astronomers at the Denver Observatory?Question 6.What do we learn from the conversation about the Oppenheimer comet?Question 7. What does the woman say people will only see in the sky without a telescope?Question 8.What do scientists at the Denver Observatory advise amateurs do to facilitate their observation?Passage OneDietary guidelines form the basis for nutrition advice and regulations around the world.While there is strong scientific consensus around most existing guidelines, one question has recently stirred debate: should consumers be warned to avoid ultra-processed foods?Two papers published today in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition outline the case for and against using the concept of "ultra-processed foods" to help inform dietary guidelines, beyond conventional food classification systems.The authors, Carlos Monteiro of the University of Sao Paulo and Arna Ostrup of Novo Nordisk Foundation, will discuss the issue in a live virtual debate, August 14th, during NUTRITION 2024 Live Online.The debate centers around a system developed by Monteiro and colleagues that classifies foods by their degree of industrial processing, ranging from unprocessed to ultra-processed.The system defines ultra-processed foods as those made using sequences of processes that extract substances from foods and alter them with chemicals in order to formulate the final product.Ultra-processed foods are characteristically designed to be cheap, tasty, and convenient.Examples include soft drinks and candy, packaged snacks and pastries, ready to heat products, and reconstituted meat products.Studies have linked consumption of ultra-processed foods, which are often high in salt, sugar, and fat, with weight gain and an increased risk of chronic diseases, even after adjusting for the amount of salt, sugar, and fat in the diet.While the mechanisms behind these associations are not fully understood, Monteiro argues that the existing evidence is sufficient to justify discouraging consumption of ultra-processed foods in dietary recommendations and government policies.Question 9. What question is said to have recently stirred debate?Question 10.How does the system developed by Monteiro and colleagues classify foods?Question 11.What is consumption of ultra-processed foods linked with, according to studies?Passage TwoBelieve it or not, human creativity benefits from constraints.According to psychologists, when you have less to work with, you actually begin to see the world differently.With constraints, you dedicate your mental energy to acting more resourcefully.When challenged, you figure out new ways to be better.The most successful creative people know that constraints give their minds the impetus to leap higher.People who invent new products are not limited by what they don't haveor can't do.They leverage their limitations to push themselves even further.Many products and services are created because the founders saw a limitation in what they use.They created innovation based on what was not working for them at the moment.Innovation is a creative person's response to limitation.In a 2015 study which examined how thinking about scarcity or abundance influences how creatively people use their resources, Ravi Mehta at the University of Illinois and Meng Zhu at Johns Hopkins University found that people simply have no incentive to use what's available to them in novel ways.When people face scarcity, they give themselves the freedom to use resources in less conventional ways because they have to.Obstacles can broaden your perception and open up your thinking processes.Consistent constraints help you improve the connecting unrelated ideas and concepts.Marissa Meyer, former vice president for search products and user experience at Google, once wrote in a publication on Bloomberg, "Constraints shape and focus problems and provide clear challenges to overcome; creativity thrives best when constrained."Question 12.What do psychologists say people do when they are short of resources?Question 13. What does the passage say about innovation?Question 14. What did a 2015 study by Ravi Mehta and Meng Zhu find?Question 15.What did Marissa Meyer once write concerning creativity?Recording OneDifferent people use different strategies for managing conflicts.These strategies are learned in childhood.Usually, we are not aware of how we act in conflict situations.We just do whatever seems to come naturally.But we do have a personal strategy, and because it is learned, we can always change it by learning new and more effective ways of managing conflicts.When you get involved in a conflict, there are two major concerns you have to take into account: achieving your personal goals and keeping a good relationship with the other person.How important your personal goals are and how important the relationship is to you affect how you act in a conflict.Given these two concerns, five styles of managing conflicts can be identified.1. The turtle.Turtles withdraw into their shells to avoid conflicts.They give up their personal goals and relationships.They believe it is easier to withdraw from a conflict than to face it.2. The shark.Sharks try to overpower opponents by forcing them to accept their solution to the conflict.They seek to achieve their goals at all costs.Sharks assume that conflicts are settled by one person winning and one person losing.Winning gives sharks a sense of pride and achievement.Losing gives them a sense of weakness, inadequacy, and failure.3. The teddy bear.Teddy bears want to be accepted and liked by other people.They think that conflict should be avoided in favor of harmony, and believe that conflicts cannot be discussed without damaging relationships.They give up their goals to preserve the relationship.4. The fox.Foxes are moderately concerned with their own goals and about their relationships with other people.They give up part of their goals and persuade the other person in a conflict to give up part of his goals.They seek a solution to conflicts where both sides gain something.5. The owl.Owls view conflicts as problems to be solved.They see conflicts as improving relationships by reducing tension between two people.They try to begin a discussion that identifies the conflict as a problem.By seeking solutions that satisfy both themselves and the other person, owls maintain the relationship.Owls are not satisfied until a solution is found that achieves their own goals and the other person's goals, and they are not satisfied until the tensions and negative feelings have been fully resolved.Question 16.Why does the speaker say strategies for managing conflicts can always be changed?Question 17.What is said to affect the way one acts in a conflict?Question 18. Of the five styles the speaker discusses, which views conflicts as problems to be solved?Recording TwoThe genetic code of all 1.5 million known species of animals and plants living on Earth will be mapped to help save species from extinction andboost human health.Scientists hope that cracking the genetic code of plants and animals could help uncover new treatments for infectious diseases, slow aging, improve crops and agriculture, and create new bio-materials.In Britain, organisations including the Natural History Museum, the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew and the Wellcome Sanger Institute have joined forces to sequence Britain's 66,000 species of animals and plants.Dubbed the Darwin Tree of Life Project, it is expected to take 10 years and cost 100 million pounds.Once completed, all the information will be publicly available to researchers.Many scientists believe that Earth has now entered the sixth mass extinction, with humans creating a toxic mix of habitation loss, pollution and climate change, which has already led to the loss of at least 77 species of mammals and 140 types of birds since 1500.It is the biggest loss of species since the dinosaurs were wiped out 66 million years ago.Scientists say that sequencing every species will revolutionize the understanding of biology and evolution, bolster efforts to conserve as well as protect and restore biodiversity.Dr. Tim Littlewood, head of Life Sciences Department at the Natural History Museum said, "Whether you are interested in food or disease, the history of how every organism on the planet has adapted to its environment is recorded in its genetic makeup.How you then harness that is dependent on your ability to understand it.We will be using modern methods to get a really good window on the present and the past.And of course, a window on the past gives you a prospective model on the future."Sir Jim Smith, Director of Science at Wellcome said, "Try as I might, I can't think of a more exciting, more relevant, more timely, or more internationally inspirational project.Since 1970, humanity has wiped out 60 percent of animal populations.About 23,000 of 80,000 species surveyed are approaching extinction.We are in the midst of the sixth great extinction event of life on our planet, which not only threatens wildlife species, but also imperils the global food supply.As scientists, we all realize we desperately need to catalogue life on our fragile planet now.I think we're making history."Question 19.What do scientists hope to do by cracking the genetic code of plants and animals?Question 20. What do many scientists believe with regard to Earth?Question 21.How does Sir Jim Smith, Director of Science at Wellcome, describe the Darwin Tree of Life Project?Recording ThreeJohn Donne, the English poet, wrote in the 17th century, "No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main."Now, a British academic has claimed that human individuality is indeed just an illusion, because societies are far more interconnected at a mental, physical, and cultural level than people realize.In his new book, The Self Delusion, Professor Tom Oliver, a researcher in the Ecology and Evolution group at the University of Reading, argues there is no such thing as "self", and not even our bodies are truly "us".Just as Copernicus realized the Earth is not the center of the universe, Professor Oliver said society urgently needs a Copernican-like revolution to understand people are not detached beings but rather part of one connected identity."A significant milestone in the cultural evolution of human minds was the acceptance that the Earth is not the center of the universe, the so-called Copernican Revolution," he writes.However, we have one more big myth to dispose of: that we exist as independent selves at the center of a subjective universe.You may feel as if you are an independent individual acting autonomously in the world; that you have unchanging inner self that persists throughout your lifetime, acting as a central anchor-point with the world changing around you.This is the illusion I seek to tackle. We are intimately connected to the world around us."Professor Oliver argues there are around 37 trillion cells in the body but most have a lifespan of just a few days or weeks, so the material "us" is constantly changing.In fact, there is no part of your body that has existed for more than ten years.Since our bodies are essentially made anew every few weeks, the material in them alone is clearly insufficient to explain the persistent thread of an identity.Professor Oliver claims that individualism is actually bad for society, and only by realizing we are part of a bigger entity can we solve pressing environmental and societal problems.Through selfish over-consumption we are destroying the natural world and using non-renewable resources at an accelerating rate."We are at a critical crossroads as a species where we must rapidly reform our mindsets and behavior to act in less selfish ways," he said."So let's open our eyes to the hidden connections all around us."Question 22. What is indeed just an illusion according to Professor Tom Oliver?Question 23. What does Professor Tom Oliver think of the idea that we exist as independent selves at the center of a subjective universe?Question 24. Why does Professor Tom Oliver claim that the material "us"is constantly changing?Question 25. How can we solve pressing environmental and societal problems according to Professor Tom Oliver?。
2023年六月六级 听力原文
2023年六月六级听力原文第一部分：对话理解1. A: Good afternoon, sir. How may I help you today?B: Good afternoon. I'm looking for a book on Chinese history. Do you have any rmendations?2. A: Hey, did you hear about Sarah's promotion?B: No, I didn't. What happened?A: She got promoted to head of the department. It's well-deserved.3. A: The weather forecast s本人d it's going to r本人n this weekend.B: Oh, no. I was planning on going hiking. What a disappointment.4. A: Excuse me, can you tell me where the nearest subway station is?B: Sure, it's just two blocks down the street, on your left.5. A: I'm thinking of buying a new car, but I can't decide between a sedan and a SUV.B: Well, it depends on what you need it for. If you have a big family, maybe go for the SUV.6. Everyone has their own definition of success. For some, it's about achieving financial stability. For others, it's about making a positive impact on the world. However, success is ultimately a personal journey and can mean different things to different people. What do you think success means to you?7. In today's fast-paced society, stress has be amon issue for many people. From work pressure to family responsibilities, it's easy to feel overwhelmed. However, there are various ways to manage stress, such as regular exercise, meditation, and seeking support from friends and family. It's important to find healthy coping mechanisms to m本人nt本人n mental well-being.8. The education system plays a crucial role in shaping the future of our society. It not only imparts knowledge but also instills important values and skills in students. However, the current education system also faces challenges such as budget cuts, outdated curriculum, and lack of resources. It's essential for educators, policymakers, and themunity to work together to address these issues and ensure a quality education for all.9. A: Good morning, everyone. Today, we have a special guest with us, Dr. Smith, who will be talking to us about climate change and its impact on the environment.B: Thank you for having me. Climate change is a pressing issue that requires immediate attention from individuals, governments, and organizations.A: Dr. Smith, what are some practical steps that individuals can take to reduce their carbon footprint and contribute to environmental conservation?B: One simple step is to reduce energy consumption at home by using energy-efficient appliances and practicing sust本人nable habits, such as recycling and reducing water usage.A: That's great advice. Thank you, Dr. Smith, for sharing your insights with us.10. A: Hi, Mark. I heard you're planning a trip to Europe this summer. Where are you planning to visit?B: Yes, I'm really excited about it. I'll be visiting Italy, France, and Sp本人n. I've always wanted to explore the rich history and culture of these countries.A: That sounds amazing. Have you planned out your itineraryand amodations?B: Not yet, I'm still researching andparing options. I want to make sure I have a well-rounded experience and stay within my budget.第四部分：短文理解11. The impact of social media on society cannot be overlooked. It has transformed the way peoplemunicate, share information, and connect with others. However, it also r本人ses concerns about privacy, cyberbullying, and misinformation. As users, it's important to use social media responsibly and critically evaluate the content we consume and share.12. In today's globalized world, diversity and inclusion are important values that organizations should embrace. By fostering a diverse and inclusive work environment,panies can benefit from a wide range of perspectives and talents, which ultimately leads to innovation and success. It's essential for businesses to prioritize diversity and inclusion in their policies and practices.13. The rapid advancement of technology has led to significantchanges in the job market. Automation, artificial intelligence, and digitalization have reshaped industries and created new opportunities and challenges for workers. It's crucial for individuals to adapt and acquire new skills to rem本人npetitive in the evolving job market.以上是2023年六月六级听力原文。
2024年6月大学英语六级听力原文(第2套)
2024年6月大学英语六级听力原文(第2套)Conversation OneI've just bought a new blender.What's that?A blender, you know, a machine that blends food.Uh, yes, of course, the electric kitchen appliance.Exactly, this one is state-of-the-art. I've been meaning to buy one for a while, and I did thorough research on which specific model to get.I read through maybe hundreds of online user reviews. Anyway, it's amazing.Really? What could be so special about it? I mean it's just a blender.Well, basically, it's just a very good one. It feels heavy and sturdy and well made. It also has lots of power and can easily cut and crush practically anything. This way, the soups and juices I make come out really fine and smooth, with no lumpy bits.Um, I see. I have never thought of getting one myself. It sounds like the kind of thing that, for me personally, I would rarely use.I've never had one before, and now that I do. I use it all the time.I make a fresh fruit juice in the morning, maybe not every morning, but3 or4 times a week, and it feels fantastic. It's a really healthy habit.I can imagine that must feel quite satisfying. I can picture you getting all creative in the kitchen and trying out a multitude of different ingredients, and it's obviously going to be healthier than buying packaged juice from a supermarket.It's so much healthier. It's not even close. Did you know that store-bought juice is like 10% sugar?Right, so then you bought it for the health benefits?Mostly yes. Basically, it allows me to have a more varied diet with a far wider assortment of nutrients, because it's not only fruit in my morning juices you see. I can also throw in vegetables, nuts, yogurts, cereals, anything that tickled my fancy.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Question 1. What does the man say he did before buying the blender?Question 2. What does the woman say she has never thought of doing?Question 3. What does the man say is a really healthy habit?Question 4.What do we learn about store-bought juice from the conversation?Conversation TwoToday we have a very interesting guest.Mr. Thomas Benjamin Grimm, the mayor of Berkton, is here to talk about his job and responsibilities overseeing this charming village.Mr. Grimm, thank you for being here.Thank you for having me.I'd like to start by stating the obvious.Berkton has become one of the most popular tourist destinations in the country, and this has happened under your watch.Just how did you achieve this?The achievement belongs to all the residents of Berkton.It was a shared effort where everybody pitched in for the communal good.But how did this change happen?In about 10 years, Berkton has gone from a relatively unheard of sleepy village to a must-see destination.Yes, the change has truly been remarkable.Berkton was always fortunate to be endowed with such a beautiful natural allure.The Ambury Hills above the village remain untouched by human development, and the Sonora valley just below it is equally stunning.The transformation commenced in a town hall meeting in spring 2008 over 10 years ago now, when an overwhelming majority of neighbors voted in favor of "Motion 836".This legislative proposal essentially set out to harmonize the aesthetic appearance of all the houses in Berkton.The idea was that if all the properties looked a certain way with shared design features, then a village as a whole would look more beautiful.And it worked.It certainly did.I'm looking now at a before-and-after photo, and the change is truly remarkable.It's hard to believe it's the same place.And how do the neighbors feel now?Great pride I would say.But what about the multitudes of visitors now crowding the streets?Is everyone happy about that?The tourists we receive are a blessing, as they have completely revitalized our local economy.Every visitor is warmly welcome.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Question 5.What is the question the woman asked Mr. Grimm after the introduction?Question 6. What do we learn about Berkton of 10 years ago?Question 7.What resulted from the passing of the legislative proposal"Motion 836"?“836号动议”立法提案通过的结果是什么?Question 8. Why does the man say the tourists are a blessing toBerkton?Passage OneResearchers in the US have created a remote-controlled robot that is so small it can walk on the top of a US penny.In research published in the journal Science Robotics, a team at Northwestern University said the crab-like robot is 0.5mm wide.Researchers described it as the smallest ever remote-controlled walking robot.The tiny robot can bend, twist, crawl, walk, turn, and even jump without the use of complex hardware or special power.The engineers said this is because the robot is powered by the elastic property of its body.To construct the robot, the researchers used a shape memory alloy material that transforms to its "remembered" shape when heated.Using a laser, the team is able to heat the robot at specific parts of its body, causing it to change shape.As the robot deforms and goes back to its original shape, it creates movement from one place to another."Because these structures are so tiny, the rate of cooling is very fast,"project lead Professor John A. Rogers said.In fact, reducing the sizes of these robots allows them to run faster.While the research is still in the exploratory phase, the team believes that technology could lead to micro-sized robots that can perform practical tasks in tightly confined spaces."You might imagine micro robots as agents to repair or assemble small structures or machines in industry, or as surgical assistants to clear clogged arteries, to stop internal bleeding, or to eliminate cancerous tumors, all in minimally invasive procedures,"Rogers said.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 9.What does the passage say about a team of researchers at Northwestern University?Question 10.What did the researchers say about the robot they created?Question 11.What do the researchers expect their robots to do in the future?Passage TwoI don't want to boast anything, but I have always considered myself something of an elite sleeper.Given the opportunity, I will sleep for marathon stretches, and can doze through the most extreme situations.On one very rough ferry crossing, on the route to the Isles of Scilly, for example, my traveling companion spent the entire 3-hour- ride throwingup in the bathroom, while I dozed happily on a plastic chair.Unfortunately, it has come to my attention that I am not an elite sleeper after all.It seems I am just lazy, because elite sleepers are defined as the approximately 3 percent of the population who are biologically programmed to need less sleep than the rest of us.According to a study that came out in March, elite sleepers have rare genetic changes, which means they can sleep fewer hours than mere mortals, without any risk of cognitive decline.It may not be possible to change your own genes, but can you train yourself to need less sleep?Is there a non-biological way to reach elite sleeper status?I have spent the past year trying to answer that question.Not for fun, I should add, but because having a baby has severely disrupted my sleep, for which I still have a great passion.For a while, I assumed I'd be forced to become one of those people who jump out of bed at the crack of dawn.After a year of tough scientific study, however, I have discovered being forced to get up early in the morning is very different from being an early bird.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 12.What does the speaker say she did on her ride to the Isles of Scilly?Question 13.What do we learn from the passage about elite sleepers?Question 14.What has the speaker been trying to find out over the past year?Question 15.What has the speaker discovered after a year of tough scientific study?Recording OneIf you read an article about a controversial issue, do you think you'd realize if it had changed your beliefs?No one knows your own mind like you do.It seems obvious that you would know if your beliefs had shifted.And yet, a new paper in the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology suggests that we actually have very poor awareness of our own belief change, meaning that we will tend to underestimate how much we've been swayed by a convincing article.The researchers recruited over 200 undergraduates across two studies and focused on their beliefs about whether physical punishment of kids is an effective form of discipline.The students reported their initial beliefs about whether physical punishment is an effective way to discipline a child on the scale from"1. Completely disbelieve" to"9. Completely believe".Several weeks later, they were given one of two research-based texts to read.Each was several pages long and either presented the arguments and data in favour of physical punishment or against it.After this, the students answered some questions to test their comprehension and memory of the text.Then, the students again scored their belief in whether physical punishment is effective or not.Finally, the researchers asked them to recall what their belief had been at the start of the study.The students' belief about physical punishment changed when they read a text that argued against their own initial position.Crucially, the memory of their initial belief was shifted in the direction of their new belief.In fact, their memory was closer to their current belief than their original belief.The more their belief had changed, the larger this memory bias tended to be, suggesting the students were relying on their current belief to deduce their initial belief.The memory bias was unrelated to the measures of how well they'd understood or recalled the text, suggesting these factors didn't play a role in memory of initial belief or awareness of belief change.The researchers concede that this research was about changes to mostly moderate beliefs.It's likely the findings would be different in the context of changes to extreme or deeply held beliefs.However, our beliefs on most topics are in the moderate range, and as we go about our daily lives reading informative material, these intriguing findings suggest we are mostly ignorant of how what we just read has updated and altered our own position.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.Question 16.What does a new paper in the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology suggest?Question 17.What happened when the students read a text that argued against their own initial position?Question 18.What did the researchers concede concerning their findings?Recording TwoAs the American population grows, so does the number of American moms.But more than a century after Mother's Day became an official holiday, even as that number increases, the share of the American population who are mothers is at the lowest point in a quarter century.It's frequently noted that fertility rates are falling sharply inricher countries.But the less observed consequence of this trend is that a decline in births can also mean a decline in motherhood in general.According to my analysis of data from the Census Bureau, the decline of American motherhood is real, occurring very quickly, and may continue for some time yet.Not only are moms making up less of the population, but their characteristics are changing too and in a way that might be linked to their proportional decline.Moms today tend to be older than in the past.Just looking at recent years, the change in age-specific birth rates has been drastic.In just the past few years, the peak childbearing age range for American women has advanced from that of 25~29 to that of 30~34.Meanwhile, childbearing among women under 20 has fallen by half or more, while childbearing among women 35 and older is rising.One positive consequence of this age shift is that a larger proportion of new mothers are economically prepared to raise children.Less positively, however, many women find that, as they age, they can't have as many kids as they would like.Plus, having children later in life can increase the risk of health complications.These finer points aside, one major consequence of the older mom's trend is that fewer years of a woman's life are spent as a mother.This means that, at any given time, a larger share of women and thus of the whole population, will report not having children in government surveys.In other words, later motherhood means less motherhood.Even as motherhood rates decline, Mother's Day, of course, will endure.In fact, despite the demographic shift, retail spending on the holiday appears to be rising.It is hard to say if Mother's Day spending is rising more than one would expect, given that the American population keeps growing.But one factor might be that the proportion of women who are the mothers of adult children is rising and those adult children may spend more generously when it comes to celebrating the moms they no longer live with.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.Question 19.What does the speaker conclude from her analysis of the Census Bureau's data?Question 20.What does the speaker say is a positive consequence of the age shift in childbearing?Question 21.What might be one explanation for the rise in retailspending on Mother's Day?Recording ThreeSince NASA published a paper in 1989 claiming that house plants can soak up pollution and toxic chemicals, businesses and homeowners have increasingly invested in greenery to help clean their air.But a new analysis suggests it could actually take more than 1,000 plants per square meter to gain a benefit any greater than simply opening a couple of windows.The problem lies in the fact that NASA conducted their tests in sealed containers that do not simulate the conditions in most people's homes or offices.The space agency was primarily concerned about keeping the air fresh for astronauts cut off in biospheres or space stations, and helping to combat "sick building syndrome" which had become a problem due to the super-insulated and energy-efficient offices of the late 1970s.By the early 1980s, workers regularly complained of skin rashes, sleepiness, headaches, and allergies as they breathed in toxic chemicals from paints and plastics.NASA found that certain plants could remove chemicals from the air, and even today garden centers recommend the plants for air cleaning properties.However, a new evaluation of dozens of studies spanning 30 years found that house plants in a normal environment have little impact.In fact, natural ventilation is far better at cleaning the air.The researchers also calculated the clean air delivery rate for plants in the studies they analyzed and found that the rate at which plants disperse the compounds was well below the usual rate of air exchange in a normal building, caused by the movement of people coming and going, opening doors and windows.Many of the studies did show a reduction in the concentration of volatile organic compounds over time, which is likely why people have seized on them to praise the air purifying virtues of plants.But the researchers' calculations showed it would take 10 to 1,000 plants per square meter of floor space to compete with the air cleaning capacity of a building's air handling system or even just a couple of open windows in a house.In contrast, NASA's sealed experiment recommended one pot plant per 100 square feet.This is certainly an example of how scientific findings can be misleading or misinterpreted over time.But it's also a great example of how scientific research should continually re-examine and question findings to get closer to the ground truth of understanding what's actually happening.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.Question 22.What does NASA's 1989 paper claim house plants can do?Question 23.What is said to be the problem with NASA's study reported in its 1989 paper?Question 24.What is the finding of a new evaluation of dozens of studies spanning 30 years?Question 25.What does NASA's sealed experiment recommendation exemplify in scientists'pursuit of truth?。
2021年6月大学英语六级听力原文(第二套)
2021年6月大学英语六级听力原文(第二套)Part II Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked 4), B), C and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Conversation OneM: How are you en joying your new job?W: So far, so good. I dont miss having managers to deliver blunt, harsh feedback in the name of efficiency.M: From the way you describe your last company, no wonder they had a proble with high staff turnoverW: Yeah, I couldnt wait to get out of there once my contract expired. The problem with the company culture that prizes directness above all else is that it creates a toxic culture of brilliant jerk that drives people out and erodes itself from within M: My company's managers tend to be accommodating and kind overlooking mistakes or issues so not to hurt feelings. Issues often get ignored there until they build up and reach a crisis point.W: That's not surprising. My new company seems to employ a feedback policy thatcombines compassion and directness. Employees have the power to speak up. Give feedback, disagree and discuss problems in real time. It seems to help us to course correct, improve and meet challenges while also building teams that collaborate and care for one another.M: But that would be based on an atmosphere of mutual trust, wouldn t it? Otherwise people might interpret feedback as some kind of personal attack.W: True, without an atmosphere of trust, feedback can create stress and self-doubt. But I think when we get feedback from someone we trust, we understand that the feedback isnt some kind of personal attack. It's actually a kind of support, because it's offered in the spirit of helping us improve. I think sometimes people need to shift their mindset around how they receive feedback.M: Yeah, constructive feedback, after all, is how we learn and grow. It's basis for healthy parenting, lasting friendships, career development, and so much more. If we shelter our children, friends and colleagues from information that might enrich and enhance their lives. We re not being caring. We re actually doing harm to them. W: That's exactly right.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.Bao qian mei zhao dao /dogConversation TwoW: How was your holiday? Not too many other tours surround, were there?M: No. Very few relatively. But I found myself moving from one accommodation to another trying to find the perfect place. It made me realize that indecision is a bigproblem for me. Instead of relaxing, I was looking for the best spot.W: It seems you suffer from fear of better options and write about it. It just describes this loop of indecision of part of our programme. Essentially, we have this tendency to keep sketching out the decision making process. Because of human being, we are hard wired to optimise. We have always looked to get the best things we can as a sort of survival of the fittest Optimizing isnt the problem, but rather the process that we go through.M: Well, that makes me feel better, but I think thanks to technology, we can make in comparison more easily and have more access to choice of custom isolation. But now see what we could have, how we might get it and what others have that we might want. We keep looking over and return to the same optlons agaln and agaln. W: Yes. Fear of better options are first little bit of benefit It's an element of abandon. You must have choices to have that fear of missing out on better optionsM: Yes. I need to vote when Im worry about inconsequential things I guess. If I am spending too much time watching over what to have a lunch, I robbing myself of the energy to focus on the things that matter.W: Exactly, but, for more important matters, I think gut instinct might be over rated. When you have 30 odd options, trusting in your gut is not practical. What you need to do is research have a process in that time exploring your options and a limit as many things as you can. The most of toxic part of decision making is going over the same opt ions time and time agaln.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q5: What is the man say about his holiday?Q6: What does the woman say people tend to do when making decision?Q7: What is made decision making increasingly difficult?Q8: According to the woman, what should people do when making important decisions?Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centrePassage OnThe role of homework in classrooms is not a new debate. Many parents and teachers are ardent supporters of homework. But do all students benefit from homework? The 2006 research paper suggested some correlation between the amount of homework done by a student and future academic achievement for middle and high school students-but not so much for younger kids.In Stanford study in 2014 suggested the same was true for students in california s affluent communities. The findings challenge the idea that homework was inherently good". Research concluded that there was an upper limit to correlation between homework and achievement, suggesting that high school students shouldnt be doing more than two hours of homework a night, and the mostvaluable kind of homework for elementary-level children was simply assigned free reading. The topic gets more complicated when we talk about the divide between rural and urban communities. Studies found in remote areas the poor quality or lack of Internet access can put students at a disadvantage because 70 of teachers in these areas assign homework that requires Internet access but one in three households doesn t have Internet. Experts assert homework requiring the internet isn t fair.While the debate continues about the effects of homework on academic achievements, there are studies focusing on other benefits of homework.The study in Germany found that homework could have an effect on students personalities, suggesting that doing homework might help kids to become more conscientious and independent learners.Questions 9 and 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q9: When did the 2006 research find about homework?Q10: What do experts think of homework requiring Internet accessQ11: What conclusion could be drawn from the study in Germany?Passage TwoRobert Goddard, an American born in 1882. He is widely regarded as the world first rocket scientist. At age 27, Goddard published his first book in which he hypothesized that rocket launched from earth could reach the moon Like many visionaries, the young scientist encountered numerous. In January 1920, the New York Times ridiculed Goddard s theory that rocket could be utilized for spaceexploitat ion. 49 years later, Apollo ll reached the moon. And the famed Newspaper published an apology to Goddard. Goddard launched his first rocket from an earth s farm in his native Massachusetts in March, 1926. He has made his rocket voyage lasted a mere three seconds. It scaled an attitude of only 12 metres. Nevertheless, it was a milestone in rocket science. Goddard later consulted with the weather expert and determined that the climate of new Mexico was ideal for year-round rocket launches. In 1930, Goddard and his family relocated there, to a remote valley in the southwest of the country. There he has established a laboratory and tested range. However, the ambitious scientist received support from the government. For four years, wealthy businessman Daniel provided Goddard with an annual 2500 dol lars grand to pursue his dreams.Other rocket enthusiasts also raised funds for him. Over time. Goddard s rocket grew most sophisticated and include the installation of instruments. In spite of these many successes Goddard was never able to interest the US military in rocket propelled weapons. He was granted over 200 pounds and continued to pioneer rocket technology until his death in1945.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q12. What do we learn about Goddards idea of using rocket for space exploitation? Q13. What does the passage say about Goddard s first rocket voyage?Q14. Why did Goddard move to new Mexico?Q15. What does the passage say about Goddard s achievements?Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks fol lowed by three or, four questions, the recordings will be played only once. After you hear a quest ion, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Recording OneWorking for a new venture comes with a lot of risks. Thats instability, unclear responsibilities, and the need to be a master of all trades. But the primary benefit is usually the passion and excitement associated with playing a role in a promising new company. The person to thank for that passion and excitement is almost al ways the entrepreneur.There s something about the founder s energy and enthusiasm that infects the rest of the team. The willingness to take risks may inspire others to be more courageous. The optimism and positivity may motivate people to focus less on trivial and unimportant matters. The celebration of mi lestones may prompt staff to be more grateful about their own accomplishments and privileges. What becomes set in the firms culture is the contagious collection of affirmative and positive emotions, which are usual ly shared among the team.Science has already done a good job of proving the result that follow. These include better processes, great team cohesion, reduce conflict and sharp alertness. But what is yet to be demonstrated is whether the founder of passion leads to increase team performance. This was recently tested in a research which anal yzedthe teams of73 new companies across a range of industries, such as IT, medicine and energy.The CEOS were consulted once again years after the initial analysis, and most share the firm s performance reports so that their success could be more-ob jectively measured. Entrepreneurial teams generally progress through three phases. The first is inventing a product or service. The second is funding the venture to sell the product or service, and the third is developing the firm so it continues to grow. The research has discovered that when the team is passionate about the third phase, developing the firmThere is a clear link to performance. But the first phase, a passion for invention, is not a reliable indicator that the firm was still be open for business a few years later. Likewise, the second, the passion for finding the venture doesn t necessarily translate into greater success.The solution to great team performance dance from a willingness to recruit others who could direct the passion toward the third phase of entrepreneurialism--developing the business. Employing more staff can it itself be a risk for an entrepreneur, as is paying them big dollars to track them. On many occasions, entrepreneurs reported not paying them a wage at all initially in order to cut the salaries and expenses.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.Q16. What does the speaker say about working fora new venture?Q17. What has science demonstrated regarding the positive culture of a newventure?Q18. What does the speaker say about entrepreneurs at the initial stage of a new venture?Recording TwoAgeing is a curious thing and people s desire to beat it-and death- has become a industry with hundreds of billions of dollars. Despite the huge investment into research, ageing remains somewhat obscure, although there are certain things researchers do understand. They know that women tend to have longer life-spans, living on average six years longer than men. No one knows really the certain reason for this, although the speculation centres around the idea that women are more capable of surviving or handling disease than men. For virtually every disease the effects are greater on men than they are on women. Some suggest that women s immune systems benefit from their tendency to prioritise and nurture social connect ions but for me this explanation is hardly convincing. Researchers also know, to an extent, what causes ageing. For 60 years, it was believed that cells would continue to divide forever.It was only uncovered in relatively recent times that older people' s cells divided a smaller number of times than younger people' s. Only cancer cells in fact are capable of dividing forever. Human cells have a limited reproductive ability To an extent, we can postpone the eventual stop of cells dividing through nutrition, exercise, good sleep and even relaxation techniques. But, we cannot stop the ageing process. And researchers are yet to answer the ultimate question of ageing--whydoes the body ul timately fall to pieces? In the opinion of some of the world best scientific minds on the sub ject, part of the reason we dont yet have an answer is because many researchers are looking in the wrong direction.Many public heal th policymakers believe that the resolution of age-associated disease will ell us something fundamental about the ageing process, but, say some top scientists, thats completely erroneous. They pointed when the diseases of childhood are eliminated, but this do not provide any insight into chi ldhood development. In the same way, the idea that the resolution of age-associated disease like heart disease and stroke will inform us about ageing is not based on sound science or logic. At best, if the ma jor causes of death in developed countries were eliminated, this would only at a decade to our life expectation. But while there is many of available to extent on it, the search to understand the secret of aging will e ongoing.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.Q19. What do we learn about the possible reason why women tend to live longer? Q20. What is the recent discovery about human cells?Q21. What do many public health policymakers believe?Recording ThreeGood afternoon. In today s talk, we'ii discuss how managers can get their staff to do what they asked. Much to their frustration, managers often struggle to get their staff to comply with even simple instructions. Often they blame their employees: "They dont read emails, they dont listen, they don't care"-that kind ofthing. But according to recent research conducted in Australia, it looks like it's not the employees fault, but the managers. It s easy to understand why people sometimes disobey procedures intentional ly. Occasionalls because they re pressured to finish in a short time. At other times, they may disagree with the spirit of the procedure-the effort demanded, the time consumed, the lack of potential effectiveness. And every now and again, they just don t want to maybe deliberately or out of stubbornness. So apart from that, what else gets in the way of procedural compliance?The research scholars surveyed 152 blue-collar workers from two separate sites in the mining industry. They asked the workers a range of procedure-related questions, such as whether they found the procedures useful, how confident they felt in their job, how comfortable they were to speak up in the workplace, and how closely they fol lowed any new procedures set by their managers.They were also asked to rate the extent to which they perceive their supervisors to be helpful. That last statement was the most instructive because as the researchers found, there was a remarkably strong correlation between how helpful supervisors were perceived to be and how likely their employees were to fol low their directors: " supervisor-helping behaviour is found to be mot ivat ional in nature. It increases employees perception of the l ikelihood of success in the attainment of job goals, and therefore fosters a willingness to dedicate their effort and ability to their work.In short, managers should be ongoing role models for the change, as the sayinggoes: Do as I do, not just as I say". To affect behavioral change, what s most required is interaction and involvement-the human touch-and, naturally, processes that add value. Although procedures are designed to guide and support employees'work, employees, it seems, can t always be expected to comply with procedures that are not seen as useful And of course, managers shouldn t keep refunding emails. They are an effective tool for the sharing of data and reports, but they re are a hopeless tool if what a manager is desiring is a change in behaviour.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.Q22. Why are managers often frustrated with their employees?Q23. Why do employees sometimes disobey procedures intentionally?Q24. When are employees more likely to follow instructions according to the researchers?Q25. What does the speaker say about emails?。
2021年6月六级听力原文
Section 111. M：Good news，I'm not going to have surgery after all. The doctor says I can start working out again soon and maybe play football like before in a few weeks.W：That's terrific. It would be great if you could get back in shape in time for the world cup.Q：What do we learn from the conversation?12. M：I really need to make some extra money. You know I've practically spent my entire budget for this semester.W：Why not check out the new cafeteria at Market Street?I think there are still a few openingssuitable for seniors like you.Q：What does the woman suggest the man do?13. M：I hear John left his cat in your care while he's on vacation abroad. How were you getting along with it?W：Well，it never comes when I call it. It spills its food and sheds all over the place. I can't wait till John gets back.Q：How does the woman find the cat?14. W：Hello，Professor White，I got my grade in the mail this morning，but I think there might be a mistake in my mark.M：Yeah，I've got several calls just like yours. There must be a problem with the computing system. It should be straightened out in a couple of hours.Q：What does the man mean?15. M：Professor Johnson，last night when I was putting the finishing touches on my paper，a computer failure completely wiped out my files，do you think I can have another day to retype it?W：I'm sorry，Rod. I'm leaving for a conference tomorrow and I'll be away two weeks. I suppose you can send me an E-copy.Q：Why does the man say he can't submit his assignment on time?16. W：I just called the travel agency，it's all set. On 1st June，we are heading for the mountains and will be camping there for a whole week.M：Have you checked the academic calendar？My classes aren't over until the 8th.Q：What does the man imply?17. W：I thought there was still time for me to apply for a student loan，but someone just told me that the closing date was last Tuesday.M：Are you sure?I thought we still had another month. Wait，I've got a brochure right here. Last Tuesday was the opening date.Q：What does the man imply?18. W：Look at the all the pollutants going into the air from those factories. Do you think they'll ever get that under control?M：Now with the new laws in effect and social awareness increasing，we are sure to turn things around.Q：What does the man mean?Conversation OneW：Tell me，Peter，what makes Harrods so famous?M：Well，it's the biggest department store in the UK. And its food hall and Egyptian hall are very famous. People come to Harrods just to see them.W：What is special about the Food Hall?M：It sells many different kinds of food. For example，it has 250 kinds of cheese from all over the world and more than 180 kinds of bread. Customers also love all the different kinds of chocolate. They buy 100 tons every year.W：That's amazing！And why is the Egyptian Hall so famous?M：Well，when people see it，they feel they are in another world. It looks like Egyptian building from 4，000 years ago and it sells beautiful objects. They are not 4,000 years old，of course.W：Is it true that Harrods produces its own electricity?M：Yes，it does. 70%. Enough for a small town. To light the outside of the building，we use 11,500 light bulbs.W：Really?Tell me，how many customers do you have on an average day?And how much do they spend?M：About 30,000 people come on an average day，but during the sales the number increases to 300,000 customers a day. How much do they spend?Well，on average，customers spend about 1.5 million pounds a day. The record for one day is 9 million pounds.W：9 million pounds in one day?M：Yes！On the first day of the January sales.W：Harrods says it sells everything to everybody everywhere. Is that really true?M：Oh yes，of course！Absolutely everything.Q19. What is the Food Hall of Harrods noted for?Q20. What does the Egyptian hall seem like to the customers?Q21. What make customers find surprising about Harrods?Q22. About how many customers come to Harrods on an average day?Conversation TwoW：Hi Kevin!M：Hi Laura，long time no see！What have you been up to lately?W：Not much，I can assure you，and you?M：Much the same except I do have some big news.W：Come on this suspense is killing me.M：No，really，what have you been doing these past few weeks?The last time I saw you，you were looking for a new job.W：Well，that's not exactly true. I was thinking about changing jobs. Luckily，they offered me a new position in the accounting department.M：A step up in the big business world.W：???exaggerate，but I am pleased. I had been hoping to get a promotion for a while. So when it finally came through，I was relieved. Actually，that's why I was looking for a new job. I just didn't want to work there anymore if they weren't going to recognize my efforts.M：Right，sometimes you can do your best and it seems like the others don't know you exist. I hope the money's better.W：I got an reasonable raise，now enough about me，I'm dying to hear your news.M：I getting married.W：No，you said you'd never get married.M：That was then and this is now. You've got to meet Andrea ，she's great!W：This is all news to me. I didn't even know you were dating.M：We weren't，we've just been dating for two weeks now.W：And you getting married?M：I know，I can't help it. I just know she's the one.W：Well，congratulations！That's fantastic!M：Thanks，I'm glad to hear you feel that way.Q23. What was the woman doing when the man last saw her?Q24 Why does the woman say she was relived?Q25 Why is the woman surprised at the man's news?Passage 1Water scooters are water vehicles that look very much like motorcycles. Nowadays，speedy，colorful water scooters are gaining in popularity. They can travel anywhere a small boat can and particularly popular with young people. The rising popularity of the craft has raised the question of water scooter regulation. In this case，the argument for strict regulation is compelling. Water scooters are a particularly deadly form of water recreation. For example，two women were vacationing in Longboat Key while they were floating on the rubber boat along the shore，a water scooter crashed into them and kill them. Also water scooter operators have been killed or seriously injured in collisions with other water craft. Others have been stranded at the sea when their scooters either failed or sank far from shore. Many water scooter operators are inexperienced and ignorant of navigational rules，which increases the potential for accidents. The increasing popularity of the scooter has aggravated the problem，providing more water vehicles to compete for the same space. Crowded water waves are simply an open invitation to disaster.In addition to the inherent operational hazards of water scooters，they are proving to be an environmental nuisance. Beach residents complain of the noise of the scooters. The Pacific Whale Foundation on the west coast expressed concern that the scooters are frightening away an endangered species of whale that migrates to Hawaii for breeding. Regulations such as minimum operating age，restricted operating areas and compulsory classes in water safety are essential. Without such regulations，tragedies involving water scooters are sure to multiply，which makes many beaches unsafe for recreation.26. What does the speaker say about water scooters?27. What was mentioned as one of the causes of water accident?28. In what way are water scooters said to be an environmental nuisance?29. What does the speaker propose to ensure the safety of beaches for recreation?Passage 2It seems to me that neighbors are going out of style in America. The friend next door from whom you borrowed for eggs or a ladder has moved and people in there now are strangers. Some of the traditional stories of neighborliness are impractical or silly and maybe just as well that our relations with our neighbors are changing. The saying in the Bible "Love thy neighbor" was probably a poor translation，of what must have originally been，"respect thy neighbor". Love can be called up on order. Fewer than half of the people in U.S. live in the same house they lived in five years ago. So there is no reason to love the people who live next door to you，just because they happen to wander into a real estate office that listed the place next door to yours. The only thing neighbors have in common，to begin with，is proximity and unless something more develops that isn't reason enough to be best friends. It sometimes happens naturally，but the chances are very small that your neighbors will be your choice friends or that you will be theirs either. The best relationship with neighbors is one of friendly distance. You say "hello"，use small talk if you see them in the yard，you discuss problems as they arise and you help each other in an emergency. The drive way or the fence between you is not really a cold shoulder but a clear boundary. We all like clearly-defined boundaries for ourselves.30. What does the speak say about the relations among neighbors nowadays?31. Why does the speak say it may be difficult for people to love their neighbors?32. What should neighbors do in the speaker's opinion?Passage 3Articles in magazines and newspapers and special reports on radio and television reflect the concern of many Americans about the increasing drop-out rate in our junior and senior high schools. Coupled with this fact is the warning that soon we will no longer have a work force to fill the many jobs that require properly educated personnel. The high student drop-out rate is not a recent development. Ten years ago，many urban schools were reporting drop-out rates between 35 and 50 percent. Some administrators maintain that drop-outs remain the single greatest problem in their schools. Consequently，much effort has been spent on identifying students with problems in order to give them more attention before they become failures. Since the drop-out problem doesn't start in senior high school，special programs in junior high school focus on students who show promise but have a record of truancy，that is staying away from school without permission. Under the guidance of counselors，these students are placed in classes with teachers who have had success in working with similar young people. Strategies to motivate students in a high school include rewarding academic excellence by designating scholars of the month，or by issuing articles of clothing，such as school letter jackets formerly given only to athletes. No one working with these students claims to know how to keep all students in schools. Counselors，teachers and administrators are in the frontlines of what seems at times to be a losing battle. Actually，this problem should be everyone’s concern since uneducated，unemployed citizens affect us all.33. Why are many Americans concerned with the increasing drop-out rate in school?34. What do we learn about the student drop-out problem in America?35. What is mentioned as one of the strategies used to motivate students?Compound DictationI'm interested in the criminal justice system of our country. It seems to me that something has to be done if we are to survive as a country. I certainly don't know what the answers to our problems are. Things certainly get complicated in a hurry when you get into them. But I wonder if something couldn't be done to deal with some of these problems.One thing I'm concerned about is our practice of putting offenders in jail who haven't harmed anyone. Why not work out some system whereby they can pay back the debts they owe society instead of incurring another debt by going to prison，and of course，coming under the influence of hardened criminals?I'm also concerned about the short prison sentences people are serving for serious crimes. Of course，one alternative to this is to restore capital punishment，but I'm not sure I would be for that. I'm not sure it's right to take an eye for eye.The alternative to capital punishment is longer sentences，but they would certainly costthe tax payers much money.I also think we must do something about the insanity plea. In my opinion，any one who takes another person's life intentionally is insane. However，that does not mean that the person isn't guilty of the crime，or that he shouldn't pay society the debt he owes.It's sad，of course，that a person may have to spend the rest of his life，or a large part of it，in prison for acts that he committed while not in full control of his mind. 听力A卷参照答案北京导航、北京领航李勇全庄延君提供11. A) The man mightbe able to play in the World Cup.12. D) Solve his problem by doing a part-time job.13. C) A real nuisance.14. A) The errors will be corrected soon.15. B) He has to type his paper once more.16. A) They might have to change their plan.17. D) They are not late for a loan application.18. C) The quality of air will surely change for the better.Conversation19. B) Numerous varieties of food.20. A) An ancient building.21. D) It generates 70% of the electricity it uses.22. B) 30,00023. C) Thinking about doing a different job.24. A) She has finally got a promotion and a pay raise.25. B) He changed his mind about marriage unexpectedly. Passage One北京导航、北京领航李勇全庄延君提供26.D) They are getting more popular as a means or water recreation.27.A) Waterscooter operators’ lack of experience.28. B)They produce too much noise.29. D) Enforce necessary regulations.Passage Two北京导航、北京领航提供30.D) They are changing.31.B) Not many of them stay in the same place for long.32. C) Keep a friendly distance.Passage Three33. D) It may lead to a lack of properly educated workers.34. B)It affects both junior and senior high schools.35. C)Rewarding excellent academic performance.Section C37. complicated38. offenders39. whereby40. incurring41. influence42. serving43. restore44. The alternative to capital punishment is longer sentences. But they would certainly cost the tax payers much money.45. that does not mean that person isn't guilty of the crime，or that he shouldn't pay society the debt he owes.46. a large part of it in prison for acts that he committed while not in full control of his mind.。
2023年大学英语六级真题卷听力原文答案详解
2023年6月大学英语六级真题Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Certificate Craze.You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1. 目前许多人热衷于各类证书考试2. 其目旳各不相似3. 在我看来……The Certificate Craze注意: 此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).For questions 8-10, complete the sen tences with the information given in the passage.Minority ReportAmerican universities are accepting more minorities than ever.Graduating them is another matter.Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College, was justifiably proud of Bowdoin's efforts torecruit minority students.Since 2023 the small, elite liberal arts school in Brunswick, Maine, has boosted the proportion of so-called under-represented minority students in entering freshman classes from 8% to 13%."It is our responsibility to reach out and attract students to come to our kinds of places," he told a NEWSWEEK reporter.But Bowdoin has not done quite as well when it comes to actually graduating minorities.While 9 out of 10 white students routinely get their diplomas within six years, only 7 out of 10 black students made it to graduation day in several recent classes."If you look at who enters college, it now looks like America," says Hilary Pennington, director of postsecondary programs for the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which has closely studied enrollment patterns in higher education."But if you look at who walks across the stage for a diploma, it's still largely the white, upper-income population."The United States once had the highest graduation rate of any nation.Now it stands 10th.For the first time in American history, there is the risk that the rising generation will be less well educated than the previous one.The graduation rate among 25- to 34-year-olds is no better than the rate for the 55- to 64-year-olds who were going to college more than 30 years ago.Studies show that more and more poor and non-white students want to graduate from college –but their graduation rates fall far short of their dreams.The graduation rates for blacks, Latinos, and Native Americans lag far behind the graduation rates for whites and Asians.As the minority population grows in the United States, low college graduation rates become a threat to national prosperity.The problem is pronounced at public universities.In 2023 the University of Wisconsin-Madison –one of the top five or so prestigious public universities –graduated 81% of its white students within six years, but only 56% of its blacks.At less-selective state schools, the numbers get worse.During the same time frame, the University of Northern Iowa graduated 67% of its white students, but only 39% of its munity colleges have low graduation rates generally –but rock-bottom rates for minorities.A recent review of California community colleges found that while a third of the Asian students picked up their degrees, only 15% of African-Americans did so as well.Private colleges and universities generally do better, partly because they offer smaller classes and more personal attention.But when it comes to a significant graduation gap, Bowdoin has company.Nearby Colby College logged an 18-point difference between white and black graduates in 2023 and 25 points in 2023.Middlebury College in Vermont, another top school, had a 19-point gap in 2023 and a 22-point gap in 2023.The most selective private schools –Harvard, Yale, and Princeton –show almost no gap between black and white graduation rates.But that may have more to do with their ability to select the best students.According to data gathered by Harvard Law School professor Lani Guinier, the most selective schools are more likely to choose blacks who have at least one immigrant parent from Africa or the Caribbean than black students who are descendants of American slaves."Higher education has been able to duck this issue for years, particularly the more selective schools, by saying the responsibility is on the individual student," says Pennington of the GatesFoundation."If they fail, it's their fault." Some critics blame affirmative action –students admitted with lower test scores and grades from shaky high schools often struggle at elite schools.But a bigger problem may be that poor high schools often send their students to colleges for which they are "undermatched": they could get into more elite, richer schools, but instead go to community colleges and low-rated state schools that lack the resources to help them.Some schools out for profit cynically increase tuitions and count on student loans and federal aid to foot the bill –knowing full well that the students won't make it."The school keeps the money, but the kid leaves with loads of debt and no degree and no ability to get a better job.Colleges are not holding up their end," says Amy Wilkins of the Education Trust.A college education is getting ever more expensive.Since 1982 tuitions have been rising at roughly twice the rate of inflation.In 2023 the net cost of attending a four-year public university –after financial aid –equaled 28% of median (中间旳)family income, while a four-year private university cost 76% of median family income.More and more scholarships are based on merit, not need.Poorer students are not always the best-informed consumers.Often they wind up deeply in debt or simply unable to pay after a year or two and must drop out.There once was a time when universities took pride in their dropout rates.Professors would begin the year by saying, "Look to the right and look to the left.One of you is not going to be here by the end of the year." But such a Darwinian spirit is beginning to give way as at least a few colleges face up to the graduation gap.At the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the gap has been roughly halved over the last three years.The university has poured resources into peercounseling to help students from inner-city schools adjust to the rigor (严格规定)and faster pace of a university classroom –and also to help minority students overcome the stereotype that they are less qualified.Wisconsin has a "laserlike focus" on building up student skills in the first three months, according to vice provost (教务长)Damon Williams.State and federal governments could sharpen that focus everywhere by broadly publishing minority graduation rates.For years private colleges such as Princeton and MIT have had success bringing minorities onto campus in the summer before freshman year to give them some prepara tory courses.The newer trend is to start recruiting poor and non-white students as early as the seventh grade, using innovative tools to identify kids with sophisticated verbal skills.Such pro grams can be expensive, of course, but cheap compared with the millions already invested in scholarships and grants for kids who have little chance to graduate without special support.With effort and money, the graduation gap can be closed.Washington and Lee is a small, selective school in Lexington, Va.Its student body is less than 5% black and less than 2% Latino.While the school usually graduated about 90% of its whites, the graduation rate of its blacks and Latinos had dipped to 63% by 2023."We went through a dramatic shift," says Dawn Watkins, the vice president for student affairs.The school aggressively pushed mentoring (辅导) of minorities by other students and "partnering" with parents at a special pre-enrollment session.The school had its first-ever black st spring the school graduated the same proportion of minorities as it did whites.If the United States wants to keep up in the globaleconomic race, it will have to pay systematic attention to graduating minorities, not just enrolling them.注意: 此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2021年6月六级听力第一套原文
2021年6月六级听力第一套原文Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This conversation most probably takes place at the office. Therefore, A) "At the office" is the best answer. You should mark A) on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A) He's not interested in clubbing.B) He'll go to the club to dance.C) He's too busy to go to the club.D) He'll meet his friends in the club.2. A) Packing boxes.B) Moving furniture.C) Painting rooms.D) Laying carpet.3. A) The man didn't promise to help the woman.B) The man has already helped the woman.C) The woman doesn't need any help.D) The woman will try to find someone else to help her.4. A) He's interested in trying something new.B) He can't cook.C) He's anxious to have a nice meal with her.D) He can't afford to eat in a restaurant.5. A) He's going shopping with his roommate.B) He's going to have lunch soon.C) He's busy preparing for a test.D) He's going to a movie tonight.6. A) His illness is due to the bad weather.B) The speaker may catch his cold.C) He needs some medicine.D) He hopes he'll be able to recover soon.7. A) He was fired from his job.B) His wife is unhappy.C) He's concerned about his friend's well-being.D) He's really sorry for what happened.8. A) He's fond of penguins.B) He found the penguins uninteresting.C) He didn't visit the zoo.D) He knew a lot about the penguins.9. A) Extending the deadline.B) Reducing the amount of work.C) Revising the requirements.D) Providing more guidance.10. A) They get together several times a week.B) They enjoy playing tennis together.C) They meet in the tennis club.D) They often play tennis outdoors.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) To reduce their travel expenses.B) To help protect the environment.C) To meet new people.D) To learn new skills.12. A) They try to avoid taking airplane trips.B) They enjoy the scenery during their trips.C) They often fall asleep on the train.D) They bring their own meals on the train.13. A) They offer cheaper tickets.B) They operate clean and comfortable trains.C) They give passengers free food and drinks.D) They help passengers kill time during the journey.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) Track and field events.B) Swimming and diving.C) Gymnastics and skating.D) Ball games.15. A) Some of the judges came from large nations.B) The judges were all impartial and fair.C) The scores of the athletes were announced immediately.D) Some gymnasts performed better than expected.16. A) It was held in Montreal, Canada.B) It was boycotted by the Soviet Union.C) It was won by the American team.D) It witnessed new world records being set.17. A) It was the only time he participated in the Olympics.B) It was the last competition he won before he retired.C) It was the most significant event in his sports career.D) It was the game in which he was seriously injured.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) They enjoy shopping.B) They want to save money.C) They think it's exciting.D) They want to keep up with the latest trends.19. A) They were browsing for clothes.B) They were trying to find their bills.C) They were looking up their cell phone numbers.D) They were searching for some missing items.20. A) The prevalence of technology.B) The popularity of online shopping.C) The availability of cheap and fashionable goods.D) The convenience of virtual communication.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.How to Manage StressStress is a common problem in modern life. It can have a variety of causes, including work-related pressures, family and relationship problems, illnesses, and financial difficulties. If left unchecked, it can lead to physical and emotional damage. So what should we do to manage stress?First of all, it's important to talk about your feelings to someone you trust. Bottling up emotions is never healthy and can lead to further anxiety. If speaking to a friend or relative isn't an option, seek professional help. There are many qualified therapists, psychologists and counselors who specialize in stress management and related issues. Secondly, it helps to adopt healthy lifestyle choices, such as eating a balanced diet, taking regular exercise, and getting enough sleep.Thirdly, you need to learn how to relax. There are many techniques that can help you achieve this, including deep breathing exercises, meditation, Yoga, and Tai Chi. Evensimply taking some time out to do something you enjoy can bea great help in reducing stress. Other stress-beatingstrategies include time-management skills, prioritizing tasks and setting realistic goals, all of which can combat feelings of being overwhelmed and anxious.Finally, it's worth remembering that eradicating stress completely isn't a realistic goal: it's a natural response to life's challenges. But by taking steps to manage it effectively, we can minimize the impact of stress on ourlives and maintain a sense of well-being.21. What can cause stress according to the passage?A) One's living environment.B) Working under pressure.C) Traffic jams on the roads.D) All the above.22. What is the first step in managing stress according to the passage?A) To seek professional help.B) To talk over your emotions with someone.C) To take regular exercise.D) To have a good sleep.23. What is not recommended in eliminating stress?A) Adopting healthy lifestyle choices.B) Learning relaxation techniques.C) Seeking emotional support.D) Setting unrealistic goals.24. What's the message conveyed in the passage about dealing with stress?A) It's better to tolerate stress.B) It's essential to eradicate stress completely.C) It's important to manage stress effectively.D) It's impossible to live stress-free.25. Which of the following would be the best title forthe passage?A) Why Do People Experience Stress?B) The Causes of Stress and Its ManagementC) What Are the Symptoms of Stress?D) How to Reduce Stress in Daily LifePassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.How to Read More EffectivelyReading is one of the most important skills a student can master. It's not only a source of knowledge but also a vital tool for academic and professional success. However, many students find reading difficult and time-consuming, particularly when dealing with lengthy or complex texts. Here are some tips to help you read more efficiently and effectively.Firstly, get organized. Before you start to read a text, take a few minutes to create a reading plan. Identify the main topics or themes of the text, and read the summary or introduction to get an overview of what it's about. This will help you focus your reading and enable you to read more selectively.Secondly, don't read every word. This may seem counter-intuitive, but most texts are full of information that isn't essential. Skimming, scanning and reading selectively are all good ways to get the information you need without having to read every word.Thirdly, make connections. When reading a text, try to connect the ideas to what you already know. This can help you understand the text better and remember the information more effectively. You can do this by making mental notes, highlighting key points, or making a mind map.Fourthly, take breaks. Reading for extended periods of time can lead to fatigue and frustration. It's important to take regular breaks to give your brain a rest and re-focus your attention. A short walk, a cup of tea, or a chat with a friend can help you clear your mind and return to your reading with renewed concentration.Finally, practice! The more you read, the more you'll improve your reading skills. So make an effort to read every day, even if it's only for a few minutes at a time. Try to read a variety of texts, both fiction and non-fiction, to broaden your reading skills and expand your knowledge.26. Why do many students have difficulty reading?A) They are not interested in reading.B) They are too busy with other things.C) They find reading too time-consuming.D) They don't know how to read effectively.27. What is the first step to take in effective reading according to the passage?A) To identify the main topics or themes of the text.B) To read the summary or introduction of the text.C) To plan the amount of time you need to spend on reading.D) To select the texts that interest you.28. What advice does the author give for dealing with lengthy texts?A) Read every word.B) Read selectively.C) Skip the difficult parts.D) Read the conclusion only.29. What is the advantage of making connections when reading?A) It helps to summarize the texts.B) It strengthens the comprehension of the texts.C) It helps to memorize the texts word for word.D) It highlights the important parts of the texts.30. Why is it important to take breaks when reading?A) To measure how much you have understood.B) To have time for some physical exercise.C) To let your brain relax and refocus.D) To find somebody to chat with.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Social Media in the WorkplaceWith the explosion of social media over the last few years, many employers have struggled to manage its use in the workplace. While social media sites like Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn can offer a number of benefits, including increased exposure and enhanced communication, they can also be a source of distraction, potential privacy breaches and even harassment.One of the biggest issues is that many employees are using social media during work hours. A recent study by Statista revealed that around 60% of workers use social media while at work, with half of them spending at least 30 minutes a day on social media sites. Such usage can be a major drain on work productivity and can cause resentment among colleagues.Another concern is privacy. Many employees use social media to express their views on a variety of topics,including work-related issues. However, careless comments can have serious consequences, such as legal action and damage to reputation. Employers need to make sure that employees are aware of the risks and are properly trained in using socialmedia safely and responsibly.Finally, social media can be a source of harassment. Employers have a legal obligation to provide a safe working environment, free from harassment and bullying. However, social media can be used for cyberbullying and harassmentthat goes beyond traditional workplace boundaries. Employers need to be alert to any incidents of cyberbullying and take appropriate action to address them.31. What makes it difficult for employers to manage social media use in the workplace?A) The increasing number of social media sites.B) The popularity of social media among employees.C) The complicated procedures for managing social media.D) The high costs associated with social media use.32. What is the main problem caused by employees' social media use during work hours?A) It can cause a lack of concentration.B) It affects the image of the company.C) It results in a heavy workload.D) It leads to resentment among colleagues.33. Why is privacy a concern when it comes to social media use in the workplace?A) Some careless comments can damage reputation.B) The employee's freedom of expression is denied.C) The employee's private life is invaded.D) The employer's confidential information is exposed.34. What is the legal obligation of employers regarding social media use in the workplace?A) To limit the time spent on social media sites.B) To offer training on managing employees' social media use.C) To provide a safe working environment.D) To prohibit employees from expressing their views onsocial media.35. What do employers need to be alert to in connection with social media?A) Incidents of cyberbullying and harassment.B) Damaging comments from former employees.C) Employees' exposure of confidential information.D) Their own employees' views on work-related issues.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.E-Waste: A Growing ProblemElectronic waste, or e-waste, is a growing problem in the world today. With the rapid growth of technology, new and improved products are constantly being developed, leading to the disposal of older, outdated or broken devices. According to the United Nations, the world produced 53.6 million metric tons of e-waste in 2019, equivalent to the weight of 350 cruise ships.The negative environmental impacts of e-waste are significant. Many electronic products contain hazardous substances such as lead, mercury and cadmium, which can pollute the soil and damage our health. In addition, improper disposal through landfills or incineration can release toxic gases into the atmosphere, damaging the ozone layer and contributing to climate change.There are several ways to tackle this problem. One approach is to encourage the recycling of e-waste, which not only reduces environmental pollution, but can also create economic opportunities. In countries like China and India, there is a thriving industry in the recycling of e-waste, and this has helped create jobs and reduce poverty in some areas.Another approach is to encourage manufacturers to produce sustainable products that are not only durable and long-lasting, but also easy to repair, upgrade, and recycle. This can be done by setting standards for product design and labeling that indicate what materials are used, where they come from, and how they can be recycled.Finally, consumers can play a role in reducing e-waste by practicing responsible consumption. This involves buying only what they need and avoiding excessive use of electronic devices. Consumers can also extend the life of their electronic devices through regular maintenance, purchasing devices that can be easily upgraded, and donating or selling used electronics.36. What is e-waste?A) Electronic devices that are outdated or broken.B) A newly developed technology product.C) A source of income in underdeveloped countries.D) A problem in some advanced countries only.37. What causes e-waste?A) The rapid growth of technology.B) The lack of demand for electronic devices.C) The difficulty in repairing electronic devices.D) The scarcity of raw materials for electronic devices.38. What harm can be caused by improper disposal of e-waste?A) Health problems related to hazardous substances.B) Economic losses from incineration of e-waste.C) The scarcity of soil resources in some countries.D) The violation of the international law on environmental protection.39. What can be done to reduce e-waste?A) To promote sustainable development in the world.B) To limit the number of electronic devices produced.C) To encourage the recycling of e-waste.D) To prohibit the export of e-waste.40. What can consumers do to help reduce e-waste?A) To donate their electronic devices to charity.B) To repair their electronic devices frequently.C) To sell their electronic devices to underdeveloped countries.D) To practice responsible consumption of electronic devices.。
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最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/ielts/xd.html（报名网址）Part ⅠListening ComprehensionSection A1 W:Good moring,I’m here to see Mr.Addison.M: Mr.Addison went to Washington last Monday for a conference, and will be back on Thursday night.If you like ,you may come again on Friday moring.Q:When will Mr.Addison return?2 M:I wonder wether it would be possible to change this double room to two single rooms.W:Sorry,Sir.All the single rooms are occupied.But if you like , I can check with Imperial Hotel to see if they have any.Q:What’s the women going to do for the man?3 M:Bill was a great guy.He was drowned while rescuing a child from the icy water of the river yesterday.W:Well,as far as I know, that was not the first dangerous situation he was in.Q:Which of the following best describles Bill.4W:It’s good to see you again.What are you doing these days? You’re still working at the sameplace,aren’t you?M:Yes,I am .And I’m counting the days until retirement.Q:What can we learn about the man?5 M:Susan,have you read the notice on bulletin board?I’ve won the scholarship for the next semester.W:I knew you would. You certainly deserve it.Q:What does the women mean?6 M:What kind of father am I?My only son almost died,and I didn’t even know he was ill.W:Don’t blame youself.You were too busy to pay attention to him.If his mother was still alive,things would have been much better.Q:Why dose the man blame himself?7M:I’ve just got back from the holiday you arranged for me.But I must tell you the hotel was really awful.It was miles from the sea.The food was awful,too.The bedroom was dirty.W:Sorry about that.it’s not really our fault.The contract does say that the hotel accommodation is not our responsibility.Q:Where is the conversation probably taking place?8 W:Suppose the company offered you a pay raise, a 50%,would you like be sodetermined to leave and look for a job else where?M:Yes,I’ve set my mind on it.I’d like to find a job with full scope to show my ability.Q:Why has the man decided to leave to company?9 W:How are their talks going on?Have they reached any agreement?M:They only seemed to have agreed to set another date for further talks.Q:What can we infer from the conversation?10 M:Excuse me, madam.Could I leave this here for a few hours,please?W:Well, it’s a bit……er……unusual ,isn’t?Why not go to the left-luggage office over there?Q:What dose the man ask the women to do?Passage OneToday ,air travel is far safer than driving a car on a busy motor way.But there is a danger that grows every years.From the moment an airplane takes off to the moment it lands,every movement is watched on radar screens.Air-traffic controllers tell the pilot exacly when to turn,when to climb and when to come down.The air-traffic controllers around a busy airport may handle 1000 planes a day.Any place that flies near the airport comes under the orders of the controllers there.Even a small mistakes on their part could cause disaster.Recently,such a disaster almost happened.Two large jets were flying towards the airport.One was carrying 69 passengers and had come from Toronto.The other was carrying 176 passengers from Chicago.An air-traffic controller noticed on his radar screen that the two planes were too close to each other.He ordered one to the right and to climb.But he made a mistake.He ordered the wrong plane to do this.So,instead of turing away from the second plane.they avioded each other by the smallest part of the danger the grows every year.11．Which factor can most seriously endanger airplanes according to this passage? 12．What happen to the two large jets?13．Why were the two large jets specially mentioned?Passage TwoI’ll still be working.but things will different.With any luck, I’ll be earning more money.The most important thing will be the job itself,and hoe interesting it is,I mean.I hope I’ll be able to choose the kind of job I do and who I work for.Of course,I like to have more money and more authority than I have now. But I don’t think that’s the only thing in life. What I really want is to be more independent than I am now.To have more control over my own life.Perhaps open a small resaurant ,or write a book or something like that.I’m not really sure if I’ll ever havechildren,or even if I want to be married.It all depends.Of couse,if Imeet the right person,anything could happen.But I won’t feel that my life is empty and meaningless if I’m still living alone ten years or even twenty years from now.Not at all.My mother is always saying thereis nothing like a good relationship.But I am not so sure.There is nothing worse than a really bad one,either.14．What is the speaker talking about?15．What does the speaker want most?16．What will the speaker most probably do in the future?17．What is the speaker’mother always suggesting to him?Passage ThreeJane Adams came from a well-to-do and cultured family.She was so distressed about the misery of poor people that she left her fine home to spend her life in the slums of Chicago.In 1889,she established a settlement house where she intiated many projects such as hot-lunch service for factory workers,day-care centes for little children,free classes for young people and adults gymnasium and an art gallery.Immigrants and other poor people came to her settlement house for advice and help as well as for fun. Jane Adams was also active in fighting against the use of child labour and against war.She worked for women' right to vote and for improving the situation of the blacks.She initiated country vacation programmes for poor city children. Jane Adams had great influence on the development of social work in the United States and in other parts of the world .She promoted the idea of responsibility for the welfare of the poor.Settlement houses of a similar kind were founded in many poor neighbourhoods to make the lives of the poor more meaningful.In 1931, Jane Adams was awarded the Nobel Prize for what she ahd done for society.18．Where did Jane Adams spend her life after she left her home?19．For whom did Jane Adams start the country vacation programmes? 20．What’s the passage mainly about?“成千上万人疯狂下载。