高考英语阅读理解及任务型阅读课堂练习六.附详解

2010年高考英语阅读理解和任务型阅读课堂综合练习六一阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

ATechnology is the application(应用) of knowledge to production. Thanks to modern technology, we have been able to increase greatly the efficiency of our work force. New machines and new methods have helped cut down time and expense while increasing overall output. This has meant more production and a higher standard of living. For most of us in America, modern technology is thought of as the reason why we can have cars and television sets. However, technology has also increased the amount of food available to us, by means of modern farming machinery and animal breeding techniques, and has extended our life span via(通过) medical technology.Will mankind continue to live longer and have a higher quality of life? In large measure the answer depends on technology and our ability to use it widely. If we keep making progress as we have over the past fifty years, the answer is definitely yes. The advancement of technology depends upon research and development, and the latest statistics(统计) show that the United States is continuing to pump billions of dollars annually(每年) into such efforts. So while we are running out of some scarce resources(少的资源) we may well find technological substitutes(代用品)for many of them through our research programs.Therefore, in the final analysis the three major factors of production(land, labor and capital) are all influenced by technology. When we need new skills, on techniques in medicine, people will start developing new technology to meet those needs. As equipment proves to be slow or inefficient, new machines will be invented. Technology responds to our needs in helping us maintain our standard of living.1. What is the best title for the passage?A. The definition of technologyB. Modern technologyC. The application of technologyD. The development of technology2. Which is the main idea of the passage?A. Modern technology is the key to the improvement of standard of living.B. The three major factors of production (land, labor and capital) are allinfluenced by technology.C. Technology is the response to our needs.D. The United States is making great efforts to advance its technology.3. According to the passage, people can live a long life with the help of _______.A. higher quality of lifeB. medical technologyC. modern farming machineryD. technological substituteBSpace travel is definitely bad for astronauts’ bones, reducing their bone density(密度) after only a month of weightlessness, according to French research published on Friday.Laurence Vico and his fellow workers at St Etienne University called for more research into the effects of microgravity, after their study of 15 astronauts fromthe Russian MIR station showed bone loss continued throughout space flights.“Bone loss was especially striking in four astronauts, ” the scientists reported in the Lancet Medical Journal.They measured the bone mineral density (BMD) of bones in the forearm(前臂) and lower leg of the astronauts who had spent one to six months in space.The BMD loss was significant in the tibia(胫骨) of the lower leg, a weight-bearing bone, but barely changed in the radius(桡骨) of the forearm. “Our results indicate the need to investigate not only different bones, but also different areas of the same bone since not all sites of the skeleton (骨架) are similarly affected by space conditions, ” they added.Without gravity the body isn’t bearing any weight so there is no need for calcium (钙) which makes bones strong, and it becomes empty into the bloodstream.The research team suggested in future scientists should try to determine if the loss of bone density was only on weight-bearing bones on longer flights, also the possible recovery after returning to Earth.4. French scientists did their research on Russian astronauts, because _______.A. they only cared for the Russian astronautsB. they were not interested in their own astronautsC. the Russian government invited them to do their researchD. the Russian astronauts worked in space for a long time5. Scientists have found that _______.A. the BMD loss may cause serious illness to astronautsB. the BMD loss may cause some change in astronauts’ bodiesC. astronauts shouldn’t care about the BMD lossD. astronauts should take some calcium before space travel6. What cause the BMD loss to astronauts, according to this passage?A. The food they eat in space.B. The drinks they take in space.C. The temperature in space.D. The gravity in space.7. In the t hird paragraph, the word “striking” means ______.A. unusualB. simpleC. weakD. slowCSome spiders hunt on the ground, others build webs to trap their food, but the grass water spider catches its prey by running along the surface of the water.This special water spider lives on the grassy banks of streams where mosquitoes, damsel flies and other insects come to feed and breed.Although it is one of the largest spiders in New Zealand, it has an unusual ability. It doesn’t disturb the water as it waits for its meal, and there is barely a ripple(波纹) when it skims(掠过) across the surface at lightning speed to catch its prey.Grass water spiders deal swiftly with larger insects like damsel flies by pulling their heads under the water and holding them there until they drown.After a meal, the grass water spider spends up to half an hour grooming(修饰) itself. It wipes its eight eyes, brushes its antennae(触角), and takes special care to clean the hairs on its body.It is the hairs that trap tiny bubbles(泡沫) of air so that the spider can run downa blade(叶片) of grass and stay underwater for up to an hour when it is frightened. The hairs also keep the spider dry, even underwater.It is only when the female spider is caring for the young that she does not hunt on the water. After mating, she produces a large egg sac(囊), which she carries around for five weeks. Once the eggs start to hatch, she attaches the sac to some blades of grass or a thistle. She then tears the sac open and releases the tiny spiders into the nursery web.8. How does the grass water spider kill its prey?A. in a webB. by drowningC. by poisoningD. with its antennae9. the writer describes the special spider as “special” because _______.A. it walks on waterB. it has eight eyesC. of its hairy appearanceD. of the way it produces its young10. The passage tells us that the spider ______.A. feeds grass and thistles to its young.B. lives on blades of grass under the waterC. lives in the grass on the banks of streamsD. eats a meal once every five weeks11. The purpose of the passage is to _______.A. convince readers that spiders are dangerousB. indicate that the grass water spider is endangeredC. list all of the spiders that can be found in New ZealandD. describe the characteristics of the grass water spiderDThe most frightening words in the English language are, “Our computer is down.” You hear it more and more when you are on business. The other day I was at the ai rport waiting for a ticket to Washington and the girl in the ticket office said, “I’m sorry, I can’t sell you a ticket. Our computer is down.”“If your computer is down, just write me out a ticket.”“I can’t write you out a ticket. The computer is the only one allowed to do so.”I looked down on the computer and every passenger was just standing there drinking coffee and staring at the black screen. Then I asked her, “What do all you people do?”“We give the computer the information about your trip, and then it tells us whether you can fly with us or not.”“So when it goes down, you go down with it.”“That’s good, sir.”“How long will the computer be down?” I wanted to know.“I have no idea. Sometimes it’s down for 10 minutes, sometimes for two hours. There’s no way we can find out without asking the computer, and since it’s down it won’t answer us.”After the girl told me they had no backup(备用) computer, I said. “Let’s forget the computer. What about your planes? They’re still flying, aren’t they?”“I couldn’t tell without asking the computer.”“Maybe I could just go to the gate and ask the pilot if he’s flying to Washington, ”I suggested.“I wouldn’t know what gate to send you to. Even if the pilot was going to Washington, he couldn’t take you if you didn’t have a ticket.”“Is there any other airline flying to Washington within the next few hours?”“I wouldn’t know, ” she said, pointing at the dark screen. “Only ‘IT’ knows. ‘It’ can’t tell me.”By this time there were quite a few people standing in lines. The word soon spread to other travelers that the computer was down. Some people went white, some people started to cry and still others kicked their luggage.12. The best title for the article is _______.A. When the Computer Is DownB. The Most Frightening WordsC. The Computer of the AirportD. Asking the Computer13. What could the girl in the ticket office do for the passengers without asking thecomputer?A. She could sell a ticket.B. She could write out a ticket.C. She cou ld answer the passengers’ questions.D. She could do nothing.14. Why do you think they had not a backup computer?A. Because it was easy downB. Because it was very expensive.C. Because it was not advanced enough.D. Because it was not as big as the main computer.15. The last paragraph suggests that _______.A. a modern computer won’t be down.B. computers can take the place of humansC. sometimes a computer may bring suffering to peopleD. there will be great changes in computers二. 任务型阅读Although many Chinese students say that their knowledge of English grammar is good, most would admit that their spoken English is poor. Whenever I speak to some Chinese students, they always say, “My spoken English is poor.” However, their spoken English does not have to remain “poor.” I would like to suggest that there may be some reasons for their problems with spoken English.First, they fail to find suitable words to express themselves due to a limited vocabulary. Obviously the better answer is to expand their vocabulary. However, you can speak with a limited vocabulary, if your attitude is positive. Others will follow you as long as you use the words that you know.Second, they are afraid of making mistakes. Sometimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and nervous. Yet students should remember that their goal should be FLUENCY NOT ACCURACY. Your aim in writing is to be accurate following the rules for grammar and using them to get your message across. But to talk to someone in English, as quickly and well as you can, even though sometimes you may use a wrong word or tense, but it doesn’t matter because theperson you are speaking to will understand and forgive you for any mistakes he hears.The third reason is that not enough attention is paid to listening. You have one mouth but two ears! All that hearing is necessary for you to start speaking.Fourth, most Chinese students are reactive rather than proactive(预先主动的) language learners. Instead of actively seeking out opportunities to improve their spoken English they passively wait for speaking opportunities to come to them and wonder why their English always remains poor. If you have this proactive outlook, then, you will see English opportunities wherever you go.If you do not use your English beyond the classroom you will forget the English you know. Remember : USE IT OR LOSE IT! You can learn how to speak English better by speaking English more.A【答案与解析】“科学技术是生产力”是这篇文章的主题。