中国传统文化概论答案第一章

Unit 1 Traits of Chinese CultureWarm-up Activity1.Appreciate the movie clips of different peoples’ talking about Chinese culture.1) Speakers in the movie may be from the following places: Scotland, China, England, Europe, Russia based on their English speaking dialects and their facial features and even their hair etc. 2) Cultural traditions, the artistic aspects, so lantern making, kite making, Zodiac, New Year celebrations, the wishing tree, a dramatic experience, a musical experience, a historical experience, some aspects of modern studies, some aspects of business education, The Chinese lanterns, chopsticks, Tai Chi, the calligraphy, the art, the Beijing opera masks.2. Discuss the question after reading the following story.Reference for the discussed questions:A Chinese would politely tell the waiter that it was immoral to put a fly in the coffee-cup and that it was against the doctrines of Confucius. Such are the expressions of the cultural characters of different nations.Section A. Cultural Treasures:Task1. Answer the following questions.a. The rat, the ox, the tiger, the rabbit, the dragon, the snake, the horse, the goat, the monkey, the rooster, the dog, the pig.b. Because the cat got up so early that morning and he became sleepy on their way of swimming across the river by riding on top of the ox’s back. He was pushed into the water when crossing the river. Then the cat arrived dripping wet in 13th.c. The month, rather than the year, of one's birth (referred to the following reading)plete the following tasks after eading the passage brackets.1）：十天干：甲jia乙yi丙bing丁ding戊wu乙ji庚geng, 辛xin壬ren癸kui 十二地支：子zi丑chou寅yin卯mao辰chen巳si午wu未wei申shen酉you 戌xu亥hai2）：丙戌，丁亥，汉族，彝族，黎族，傣族，维吾尔，吉尔吉斯，图腾3）：Rat: 23:00 ~ 1:00 named Zishi, when rats are most active in seeking food.Ox: 01:00 ~ 03:00 named Choushi, when oxen begin to crush the food, regurgitating to the mouth slowly and comfortably.Tiger: 03:00 ~ 05:00 named Yinshi, when tigers hurt their prey more and show their ferocity.Rabbit: 05:00 ~ 07:00 named Maoshi, when the jade rabbit is busy pounding herbal medicine on the Moon according to the tale.Dragon: 07:00 ~ 09:00 named Chenshi, when dragons are hovering in the sky to give rain.Snake: 09:00 ~ 11:00 named Sishi, when snakes are leaving their caves.Horse: 11:00 ~ 13:00 named Wushi, when the sun is high above and other animals are lying down for a rest, while the horses are still standing.Goat: 13:00 ~ 15:00 named Weishi, when goats urinate frequently.Monkey: 15:00 ~ 17:00 named Shenshi, when the monkeys are lively.Rooster: 17:00 ~ 19:00 named Youshi, when roosters begin to go back to their coops.Dog: 19:00 ~ 21:00 named Xushi, when dogs begin to carry out their duty of guarding the houses.Pig: 21:00 ~ 23:00 named Haishi, when pigs are sleeping sweetlye. The task of filing the appropriate terms in the blank can be of great help to thisquestion.4）Section B. Cultural Knowledge CardingTask 1. Try to guess the Chinese equivalents for the following words or terms underlined in the passage below.a. plateau, plain and basin 高原丘陵和盆地b. Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 青藏高原c. the Roof of the World 世界屋脊d. highlands 高地e. Sino-Nepalese border 中国-尼泊尔边境f. the Kunlun and Qilian Ranges 昆仑山和祁连山脉g. Hengduan Mountains 横断山脉h. Yuannan-Guizhou, Loess and Inner Mongolian Plateaus云贵高原，黄土高原和内蒙古高原i. Tarim, Junggar and Sichuan Basins 塔里木盆地，准格尔盆地和四川盆地j. the Continental Shelf 大陆架k. unfathomable seas 深不可测的大海l.impassable valleys and jungle 难以翻越的大山深谷和难以穿越的丛林m. continental culture 大陆文化o. subcultures and unintelligent dialects 子文化和难以理解的方言p. an uneventful life of the simple rhythmical pulse of nature一种无戏剧性大事的、平和的、自然纯朴的生活，一种顺应大自然节律的生活q. this self-contained and self-sufficient farming culture 这种自给自足的农耕文化r. China’s arable land 中国的可耕地s. god-forsaken 被上帝遗弃的或老天没有惠顾的Task 2. Questions for thought and discussion based on the passage above.1）2）3)Reference:Physical environment helps shape culture. Man environment and culture interact in a triangle. Man is conscious, dynamic and intelligent. He is raised above the environment, “dominating the non-human world”. He works on the environment to create culture, but he is never completely free from it. On the contrary, he is just a miserable part of the biosphere, bound up to a certain extent. He has to follow nature and work within its possible limits. The culture he created likewise has to be conditioned by the physical world.c. Answers can be referred to the supplementary readingsd. openTask 3. What are the Chinese versions for the following sentences? Do you know theorigination of these sayings? What may be implied in each of them? Are they still practical in today’s life?1)Rise with the sun to work, retire with the sun to rest. Farm the land for food, sink a well for water. What has heaven got for me?Chinese version: “日出而作，日落(入)而息。