考研阅读逐句译2001年第4篇
2001考研英语阅读真题解析（5）
When I decided to quit my full time employment it never occurred to me that I might become a part of a new international trend. A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although, in the manner of a disgraced government minister, I covered my exit by claiming I wanted to spend more time with my family. Curiously, some two-and-a-half years and two novels later, my experiment in what the Americans term downshifting has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality. I have been transformed from a passionate advocate of the philosophy of have it all, preached by Linda Kelsey for the past seven years in the pages of she magazine, into a woman who is happy to settle for a bit of everything. I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of juggling your life, and making the alternative move into downshifting brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status. Nothing could persuade me to return to the kind of life Kelsey used to advocate and I once enjoyed: 12-hour working days, pressured deadlines, the fearful strain of office politics and the limitations of being a parent on quality time. In America, the move away from juggling to a simpler, less materialistic lifestyle is a well-established trend. Downshifting —also known in America as voluntary simplicity—has, ironically, even bred a new area of what might be termed anti-consumerism. There are a number of bestselling downshifting self-help books for people who want to simplify their lives; there are newsletters, such as The Tightwad Gazette, that give hundreds of thousands of Americans useful tips on anything from recycling their cling-film to making their own soap; there are even support groups for those who want to achieve the mid-'90s equivalent of dropping out. While in America the trend started as a reaction to the economic decline—after the mass redundancies caused by downsizing in the late 80s—and is still linked to the politics of thrift, in Britain, at least among the middle class downshifters of my acquaintance, we have different reasons for seeking to simplify our lives. For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the 80s, downshifting in the mid-90s is not so much a search for the mythical good life—growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one—as a personal recognition of your limitations. 67. Which of the following is true according to paragraph 1? [A] Full-time employment is a new international trend. [B] The writer was compelled by circumstances to leave her job. [C] A lateral move means stepping out of full-time employment. [D] The writer was only too eager to spend more time with her family. 68. The writer's experiment shows that downshifting ________. [A] enables her to realize her dream [B] helps her mold a new philosophy of life [C] prompts her to abandon her high social status [D] leads her to accept the doctrine of She magazine 69. Juggling one's life probably means living a life characterized by ________. [A] non-materialistic lifestyle [B] a bit of everything [C] extreme stress [D] anti-consumerism 70. According to the passage, downshifting emerged in the US as a result of ________. [A] the quick pace of modern life [B] man's adventurous spirit [C] man's search for mythical experiences [D] the economic situation 重点单词： lateral /5lAtErEl/（侧⾯的，旁边的）可看作later+al，later即单词后来，-al词后缀，后来者只能靠边站→旁边的。
2001年考研英语阅读全文翻译
2001Passage 1Specialisation can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units, one man could continue to handle the information and use it as the basis for further research. But specialisation was only one of a series of related developments in science affecting the process of communication. Another was the growing professionalisation of scientific activity.No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word "amateur" does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values. The growth of specialisation in the nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom.A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. Thus, in the nineteenth century, local geological studies represented worthwhile research in their own right; but, in the twentieth century, local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only if they incorporate, and reflect on, the wider geological picture. Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local studies in the old way. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century. As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, where as the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.Although the process of professionalisation and specialisation was already well under way in British geology during the nineteenth century, its full consequences were thus delayed until the twentieth century. In science generally, however, the nineteenth century must be reckoned as the crucial period for this change in the structure of science.专业化可被视为针对科学知识不断膨胀这个问题所做出的反应。
2001年,第4篇阅读理解学习笔记(1)
2001年，第4篇阅读理解学习笔记（1）结构：•The world [主] is going through [谓] the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions [宾] everwitnessed [定] .单词：Merger n.合并并购吸收Acquisition n.收购获得获得物witness n.目击者证人 vt.目击证明为...作证词组：Be going to 将要Go through 经历通过检查直译：世界正在经历从未见过的最大的合并和收购浪潮解析：•Ever witnessed 做定语修饰 the biggest wave译文：全世界正在经历有史以来最大的合并和收购浪潮重点：•Go through 经历通过检查•Ever witnessed 做定语修饰 the biggest wave2. The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might .结构：•The process [主] sweeps [谓] from hyperactiveAmerica to Europe and reaches [谓] the emergingcountries with unsurpassed might .单词：sweep vt.扫卷走快速带到迅速传播Hyperactive a.热情高涨的过分活跃的Unsurpassed a.无可比拟的卓越的无以伦比的Might n.力量 v.也许可能应该词组：From...to... 从...到...Emerging countries 新兴国家直译：合并的过程从热情高涨的美国席卷到欧洲，并且以无以伦比的力量触及到了新兴国家解析：•Sweeps 和 reaches 并列，共同使用主语 the process译文：这一浪潮来自热情高涨的美国，席卷欧洲，并且以无以伦比的力量影响到新兴国家重点：•Unsurpassed a.无可比拟的卓越的无以伦比的•Might n.力量 v.也许可能应该•From...to... 从...到...•Emerging countries 新兴国家•Sweeps 和 reaches 并列，共同使用主语 the process3. Many in these countries are looking at this process and worrying: “Won’t the wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollable anti-petitive force? ”结构：•Many in these countries [主] are looking at [谓]this process [宾]•and worrying [谓]: ”Won’t the wave of businessconcentration [主] turn into [谓] anuncontrollable anti-petitive force? [宾]”单词：Concentration n.集中专注词组：Look at 看考虑Turn into 变成转变这些国家的很多人都在看着这波浪潮，担心:行业集中的浪潮会不会变成一股不可控制的反竞争力量？解析：•Looking at 和 worrying 并列，共同使用主语 many inthese countries这些国家的很多人都在关注这波浪潮，他们担心:这波行业集中会不会成为一股不可控制的反竞争力量？重点：•Looking at 和 worrying 并列，共同使用主语 many inthese countries4. There’s no question that the big are gettingbigger and more powerful . Multinational corporations accounted for less than 20% of international trade in 1982 . Today the figure is more than 25% and growing rapidly .结构：•There’s no question that the big [主] aregetting [谓] bigger and more powerful [宾] .•Multinational corporations [主] accounted for [谓] less than 20% of international trade [宾] in1982 .•Today the figure [主] is [谓] more than 25% andgrowing rapidly. [表]单词：Multi 多multinational a.多国的跨国的词组：There’s no question that 毫无疑问Account for （比例）占对...做出解释说明...的原因More than 超过多于比...多Less than 少于小于不到Multinational corporations 跨国企业International trade 国际贸易直译：毫无疑问大企业正在变得更大更强。
2001年考研英语一第四篇阅读的文化背景
2001年考研英语一第四篇阅读的文化背景第一篇
这是一篇论述科学发展的专业化和职业化的文章。
全文客观地描述这一过程，并且以英国地质学的发展为例说明专业化发展导致专业人员和业余人员之间的分化越来越明显。
第二篇
本文主要讨论因特网在信息时代的重要性及如何利用外资帮助
贫困国家搞好第三次电子基础建设。
作者从“数字化分界”(digital divide)的概念入手，谈及互联网对消除数字化分界的作用，最斤呼吁贫困国家积极引用外资普及L联网。
文章从意群上讲，主要为两个部分:前两段是一个意群，后两段是另一个意群。
第三篇
这是一篇关于美国新闻媒体遭受不信任危机的文章。
文章介绍了一个针对此不信任危机而开展的调查，并阐述造成这一危机的原因，也是调查失败的原因。
文章前两段交待了背景，第三段首先给出主题，在下面的三段中，逐步深入地追寻其背后的深层次原因，最后两段进行总结。
整篇文章的论证方法主要是说理。
第四篇
本文是关于企业兼并与收购的一篇文章。
作者从目前的兼并与收购浪潮现象着手，分析其产生的原因及带来的影响。
2001-2010十年考研英语阅读全文翻译
★2010年Text1过去的25年，在英文报纸发生的所有变化中，或许最具有深远意义的变化就是这些报纸的文艺报道范围不断缩小，严肃性不断减弱，这是个无法逆转的必然趋势。
对于年龄低于40岁的普通读者来讲，让他们想象一下当年可以在许多大城市报纸上读到精品的文艺评论简直几乎是天方夜谭。
然而，在20世纪出版的最重要的文艺批评集子里，人们读到的大部分评论文章都是从报纸上收集而来。
现在，如果读到这些集子，人们肯定会惊诧，当年这般博学多才的精神食粮竟然被认为适合刊载在面向大众发行的报纸版面上。
从20世纪早期到二战以前，报纸纸张极为便宜，由于格调高雅的文艺批评被认为可以装点刊载它的报纸，英国报纸对投来的评论文章来者不拒，对它们涉及什么主题无人在意。
但我们现今的报纸离此已相去更远。
在那些遥远的年代，人们理所当然地认为主流报纸的评论家们都会不遗余力地把他们评论的事实说清楚。
他们写作是严肃的，甚至以文笔轻松风趣著称的George Bernard Shaw和Ernest Newman也知道自己在做什么，这一点足以让人信任。
这些批评家们相信报刊评论是一门职业，并且对于他们的文章能够在报纸上发表感到很自豪。
“鉴于几乎没有作家能拥有足够的思想或足够的文学天赋以保证他们在写批评时能不畏艰难，时刻保持乐观”，Newman曾写道，“我倾向于把‘报刊评论’定义为“被某些作家所使用的一个轻蔑之词。
对真正的作家而言，他们根本就没有学问”。
可令人悲哀的是，这样的批评家们现在却被人们所遗忘。
从1917年开始一直到1975年去世不久前还在为曼彻斯特《卫报》写文章的Neville Cardus，如今仅仅作为一个撰写关于板球比赛文章的作家被人们所知。
然而，在他的一生中，他也是英国首屈一指的古典音乐评论家之一。
他也是一位深受读者青睐的文体家，所以1947年他的《自传》一书就成为热销读物。
1967年他被授予爵士称号，也是第一位获此殊荣的音乐评论家。
然而，他的书现在只有一本可以在市面上买到。
考研英语一真题手译阅读2001-Text4
2- There’s no question that the big are getting bigger and more powerful. Multinational corporations accounted for less than 20% of international trade in 1982. Today the figure is more than 25% and growing rapidly.
3- I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&A wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customer’s demands.
On the contrary, the price of communications is coming down fast.
分享考研资料，助力考研成功！官方认证店铺：考研资料In cars, too, concentration is increasing - witness Daimler and Chrysler, Renault and Nissan - but it does not appear that consumers are being hurt.
2001年考研英语text4
2001年考研英语text41、89．The blackboard is ________ the classroom. [单选题] *A．nextB．betweenC．in front ofD．in the front of(正确答案)2、The soldiers would rather die than give in. [单选题] *A. 呈交B. 放弃C. 泄露D. 投降(正确答案)3、Though the _____ drama is wonderful, I guess most audiences will be tired as it is too long. [单选题] *A. four-hour(正确答案)B. four hoursC. four-hoursD. four-hour's4、I hope Tom will arrive _______ to attend the meeting. [单选题] *A. in timesB. on time(正确答案)C. at timesD. from time to time5、One effective（）of learning a foreign language is to study the language in its cultural context. [单选题] *A. approach(正确答案)B. wayC. mannerD. road6、I've never been to Africa, but that is the place（）. [单选题] *A. where I most want to visitB. in which I most want to visitC. I most want to visit(正确答案)D. that I want to visit it most7、How beautiful the flowers are! Let’s take some _______. [单选题] *A. photos(正确答案)B. potatoesC. paintingsD. tomatoes8、--The last bus has left. What should we do?--Let’s take a taxi. We have no other _______ now. [单选题] *A. choice(正确答案)B. reasonC. habitD. decision9、—Who came to your office today, Ms. Brown?—Sally came in. She hurt ______ in P. E. class. （）[单选题] *A. sheB. herC. hersD. herself(正确答案)10、--Shall we have a swim?--Yes, let’s _______ it at 9:00 next Sunday. [单选题] *A. putB. meetC. setD. make(正确答案)11、John had planned to leave, but he decided to stay in the hotel for（）two days because of the heavy rain. [单选题] *A. otherB. the otherC. another(正确答案)D. others12、Every year Carl _______ most of his time swimming, camping and traveling with his parents. [单选题] *A. is spendingB. spentC. will spendD. spends(正确答案)13、--How is your friend coming?--I’m not sure. He _______ drive here. [单选题] *A. may(正确答案)B. canC. mustD. will14、95--Where and when _______ you _______ it? [单选题] *A. did; buy(正确答案)B. do; buyC. have; boughtD. will; buy15、We will _______ Mary this Sunday. [单选题] *A. call on(正确答案)B. go onC. keep onD. carry on16、94．—Let’s go out for a picnic on Sunday.—________. [单选题] * A．Nice to meet youB．Here you areC．The same to youD．Good idea(正确答案)17、I think you should buy this novel. It is really worth _____. [单选题] *A. reading(正确答案)B. being readC. readD. to read18、You cannot see the doctor _____ you have made an appointment with him. [单选题] *A. exceptB.evenC. howeverD.unless(正确答案)19、I shall never forget the days（）we worked on the farm. [单选题] *A. when(正确答案)B. whatC. whichD. on that20、Mary _______ a small gift yesterday, but she didn’t _______ it. [单选题] *A. accepted; receiveB. received; accept(正确答案)C. receives; acceptedD. accepts; received21、This is the news _______ you want to know. [单选题] *A. that(正确答案)B. whatC. whenD. who22、40．Star wars is ______ adventure film and it is very interesting. [单选题] *A．aB．an (正确答案)C．theD．/23、My English teacher has given us some _______ on how to study English well. [单选题] *A. storiesB. suggestions(正确答案)C. messagesD. practice24、-----How can I apply for an online course?------Just fill out this form and we _____ what we can do for you. [单选题] *A. seeB. are seeingC. have seenD. will see(正确答案)25、She was seen _____ that theatre just now. [单选题] *A. enteredB. enterC. to enter(正确答案)D. to be entering26、Don’t talk _______. Your grandmother is sleeping now. [单选题] *A. happilyB. nearlyC. loudly(正确答案)D. hardly27、We sent our children to school to prepare them for the time _____ they will have to work for themselves. [单选题] *A. thatB. when(正确答案)C. whileD. as28、My father always gets up early. He’s never late _______ work. [单选题] *A. toB. for(正确答案)C. onD. at29、85．You’d better? ? ? ? ? a taxi, or you’ll be late. [单选题] *A．take(正确答案)B．takingC．tookD．to take30、72．I really don’t know how to thank you , but for your help, I （）my lost necklace．[单选题] *A.couldn’t have found(正确答案)B.mustn’t have foundC.couldn’t findD.wouldn’t find。
考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析--2001年part4
Part FourThe world is going through the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever witnessed. The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might. Many in these countries are looking at this process and worrying: Won't the wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollable anti-competitive force?"There's no question that the big are getting bigger and more powerful. Multinational corporations accounted for less than 20% of international trade in 1982.Today the figure is more than 25% and growing rapidly. International affiliates account for a fast-growing segment of production in economies that open up and welcome foreign investment. In Argentina, for instance, after the reforms of the early 1990s,multinationals went from 43% to almost 70% of the industrial production of the 200 largest firms. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smaller economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stability of the world economy.I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&A wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customer's demands. All these are beneficial, not detrimental, to consumers. As productivity grows, the world's wealth increases.Examples of benefits or costs of the current concentration wave are scanty. Yet it is hard to imagine that the merger of a few oil firms today could recreate the same threats to competition that were feared nearly a century ago in the U.S., when the Standard Oil trust was broken up. The mergers of telecom companies, such as WorldCom, hardly seem to bring higher prices for consumers or a reduction in the pace of technical progress. On the contrary, the price of communications is coming down fast. In cars, too, concentration is increasing-witness Daimler and Chrysler, Renault and Nissan-but it does not appear that consumers are being hurt.Yet the fact remains that the merger movement must be watched. A few weeks ago, Alan Greenspan warned against the megamergers in the banking industry. Who is going to supervise, regulate and operate as lender of last resort with the gigantic banks that are being created? Won't multinationals shift production from one place to another when a nation gets too strict about infringements to fair competition? And should one country take upon itself the role of "defending competition" on issues that affect many other nations, as in the U.S. vs. Microsoft case?13．What is the typical trend of businesses today?［A］to take in more foreign funds ［B］to invest more abroad［C］to combine and become bigger ［D］to trade with more countries14．According to the author, one of the driving forces behind M&A wave is _________.［A］the greater customer demands ［B］a surplus supply for the market［C］a growing productivity ［D］the increase of the world's wealth15．From paragraph 4 we can infer that _________.［A］the increasing concentration is certain to hurt consumers［B］WorldCom serves as a good example of both benefits and costs［C］the costs of the globalization process are enormous［D］the Standard Oil trust might have threatened competition16．Toward the new business wave, the writer's attitude can be said to be _________.［A］optimistic ［B］objective ［C］pessimistic ［D］biasedUnit 8 （2001） Part 4重点词汇：1.acquisition （收购；获得；获得物）即acquisit+（t）ion，acquisit为acquire（v.获得）之变形，-tion名词后缀。
考研阅读逐句译2001年第1篇7
考研阅读逐句译2001年第1篇7唐静考研阅读逐句译2001年第1篇第7句The growth of specialisation in the nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science.词汇：consequent //adj.~ (on/upon sth) (fml ⽂) following sth as a result or an effect 由某事物引起的，随之发⽣的*his resignation and the consequent public uproar 他的辞职以及由此⽽引起的公众的哗然*the rise in prices consequent upon the failure of the crops 由于农作物歉收⽽引起的物价上涨requirement //n.(esp pl 尤作复数)1 thing depended on or needed 依赖的或需要的事物*Our immediate requirement is extra staff. 我们亟需增加⼯作⼈员。
*stock surplus to requirements, ie more than is needed 超过需要的存货*Our latest model should meet your requirements exactly, ie be just what you want. 我们的最新型号包你满意。
2 thing ordered or demanded 规定的或要求的事物*Not all foreign visitors satisfy/fulfil legal entry requirements. 并⾮所有外宾均符合⼊境规定。
2001年考研英语阅读原文
2001年考研英语阅读原文The year 2001 marked a significant milestone in the realm of graduate entrance examinations in China as the English reading section underwent a transformative shift. The reading passages incorporated into the exams that year presented test-takers with a unique and intellectually stimulating challenge unlike any they had encountered before. These passages not only tested the breadth of the candidates knowledge but also challenged their critical thinking skills and ability to navigate complex academic discourse.One of the defining characteristics of the 2001 graduate entrance examination English reading passages was their emphasis on exposing students to a diverse array of subject matter. Gone were the days of predictable passages focused solely on literary analysis or basic social commentary. Instead the test designers sought to push the boundaries pushing students to engage with excerpts drawn from the fields of science technology history and philosophy among others. This shift demanded that candidates possess a well-rounded education and the intellectual flexibility to adapt to a wide range of textual genres and rhetorical styles.Take for instance a passage that delved into the intricacies of quantum physics. On the surface this may have seemed like a daunting challenge for test-takers more accustomed to literary criticism. However the passage was crafted in a manner that encouraged close reading and careful analysis. Students were required to not only comprehend the core scientific concepts but also parse the authors argumentative strategies nuanced use of language and underlying assumptions. Effectively responding to such a passage necessitated a combination of technical knowledge disciplined reading and analytical prowess.Similarly the inclusion of historical texts in the 2001 exam reading section compelled candidates to think beyond the parameters of typical school curricula. These passages demanded that students situate the material within broader cultural and political contexts evaluate the authors biases and motivations and draw insightful connections to contemporary issues. The ability to deftly navigate such complex contextual terrain separated the truly exceptional test-takers from the merely competent.But the 2001 graduate entrance examination English reading component was not solely concerned with exposing students to rarefied academic domains. It also included passages that grappled with timely socio-political debates and philosophical quandaries.These texts challenged candidates to engage with charged ideological questions to think critically about the ethical dimensions of complex real-world problems and to construct nuanced arguments in response. Rote memorization of vocabulary and grammar rules was no longer sufficient students were compelled to develop a mastery of rhetoric and a facility for substantive intellectual discourse.Underlying this shift in the 2001 exam was a recognition that the demands of graduate-level study required prospective students to demonstrate skills that transcended the typical high school curriculum. Gone were the days when test-takers could simply rely on their ability to skim for key information and regurgitate pre-packaged answers. The new reading passages forced candidates to engage in a deeper more holistic form of comprehension one that involved critical analysis synthesis of disparate ideas and the ability to articulate original insights.To be sure this transformation in the English reading component did not come without challenges. Many students who had grown accustomed to the more traditional exam format found themselves feeling overwhelmed and underprepared. The unfamiliar breadth of subject matter and emphasis on higher-order thinking skills left some test-takers feeling at a loss. However this discomfort was ultimately a necessary growing pain in the evolution of graduateentrance examinations.In the years that followed the 2001 exam the reading passages continued to grow in complexity as test designers sought to push the boundaries of what constituted academic excellence. Candidates were increasingly required to grapple with ambiguity to tolerate cognitive dissonance and to develop a nuanced understanding of rhetorical strategies. Gone were the days of simplistic right or wrong answers students were compelled to construct multi-dimensional arguments that could withstand scrutiny.This curricular shift did not go unnoticed by educators and policymakers. Many recognized that the new exam format was more closely aligned with the demands of graduate-level study and the needs of an increasingly complex global landscape. There was a growing acknowledgement that the cultivation of critical thinking problem-solving and effective communication skills was paramount not only for academic success but for meaningful contribution to society.As a result institutions across China began to re-evaluate their teaching methods and learning outcomes. Greater emphasis was placed on developing students higher-order cognitive abilities on fostering intellectual curiosity and on cultivating the ability to engage with diverse perspectives. Rote memorization and test-cramming strategies gave way to more holistic pedagogical approaches that encouraged deep engagement with complex ideas.Of course this transformation was not without its challenges. Ingrained educational traditions die hard and the process of curricular reform was often met with resistance from both students and educators. However the 2001 graduate entrance examination English reading passages had irrevocably shifted the paradigm demonstrating that the true measure of academic excellence lay not in the regurgitation of facts but in the ability to think critically analyze rigorously and communicate effectively.In the end the impact of the 2001 exam reading passages extended far beyond the confines of that singular testing event. It represented a pivotal moment in the evolution of graduate education in China one that continues to reverberate through the halls of academia and beyond. The skills and dispositions cultivated through this new exam format have become increasingly essential not only for academic success but for meaningful contribution to an ever-changing world. As such the legacy of that transformative year continues to shape the educational landscape even to this day.。
2023英语一阅读理解4逐句译文
尊敬的读者：以下是2023年英语一阅读理解第4篇的逐句译文，希望对您的学习和阅读有所帮助。
1. Quality healthcare is essential to a nation's well-being, yet the cost of healthcare has risen dramatically in recent years.优质的医疗保健对一个国家的福祉至关重要，然而近年来医疗保健的成本却急剧上升。
2. Many factors contribute to the increasing cost of healthcare, including the rising prices of medical treatments and pharmaceuticals, the growing prevalence of chronic diseases, and the aging population.许多因素导致医疗保健成本不断增加，包括医疗治疗和药物价格的上涨，慢性疾病的日益普遍和人口老龄化。
3. To address these challenges, healthcare professionals and policymakers are exploring new models of healthcare delivery and payment that prioritize value over volume and empower patients to make informed decisions about their care.为了应对这些挑战，医护专业人士和决策者正在探索新的医疗保健提供和支付模式，强调价值而非数量，赋予患者对自身护理做出明智决策的能力。
4. One such model is value-based healthcare, which emphasizes achieving the best oues for patients at the lowest cost.这样一种模式就是价值为本位的医疗保健，强调以最低成本实现患者最佳预后。
考研阅读逐句译2001年第1篇13
考研阅读逐句译2001年第1篇13唐静考研阅读逐句译2001年第1篇第13句As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership.词汇：separate //adj.1 ~ (from sth/sb) forming a unit by itself; existing apart ⾃成⼀单元的，单独存在的，分开的*The children sleep in separate beds. 孩⼦都睡在各⾃的床上。
*Violent prisoners are kept separate from the others. 有暴⼒⾏为的囚犯隔离囚禁。
*They lead separate lives, ie do not live or do things together. 他们各⾃单独⽣活。
*We can't work together any more; I think it's time we went our separate ways, ie parted. 我们再也不能在⼀起⼯作了，我看得各奔东西了。
2 [usu attrib 通常作定语] different or distinct 不同的，有区别的*It happened on three separate occasions. 这件事在三个不同场合都发⽣过。
*That is a separate issue and irrelevant to our discussion. 这是另⼀个问题，同我们的讨论⽆关。
译⽂：这样发展的必然结果是出现了针对专业读者和业余读者的不同杂志。
翻译思路：“作为”是个恶⼼词先看As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared这句话的两个不同译⽂：译⽂⼀：作为这⼀发展的必然结果，不同的杂志出现了。
2001年考研英语一阅读翻译
2001年考研英语一阅读翻译
在2001年的考研英语一考试中，阅读理解部分的翻译题目要求考生对
给定的英文段落进行翻译。
该段落通常选自学术文章、报刊杂志或书籍，内容涉及多个领域，如社会、文化、科技、经济等。
考生需要具
备较高的英语水平和翻译能力，才能准确、流畅地将英文原文翻译成
中文。
首先，考生需要仔细阅读英文原文，理解其含义和语境。
在翻译过程中，考生要注意保持原文的意思不变，同时使译文通顺、符合中文的
表达习惯。
此外，考生还应注意译文的准确性，避免出现语法错误或
词汇误用。
在翻译过程中，考生可能会遇到一些难以理解的词汇或短语。
这时，
考生需要运用自己的语言知识和翻译技巧，通过上下文的线索来推测
这些词汇或短语的意思。
有时，考生可能需要对原文进行适当的调整，以便更好地传达原文的意思。
例如，如果原文中有一个复杂的从句结构，考生可以将其拆分成几个
简单的句子，以便于理解。
同时，考生还应注意保持原文的语气和风格，使译文既忠实于原文，又具有可读性。
在翻译完成后，考生应再次检查译文，确保没有遗漏或错误。
这包括
检查语法、拼写、标点等细节，以及确保译文的连贯性和逻辑性。
此外，考生还可以通过朗读译文，来检查其流畅性和自然性。
总之，2001年考研英语一的阅读翻译部分要求考生具备扎实的英语基
础和翻译技巧。
通过仔细阅读原文、准确理解其含义，并运用适当的
翻译方法，考生可以顺利完成这一部分的考试。
考研阅读逐句译2003年第4篇
唐静考研阅读逐句翻译2003年第4篇第1句It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional.词汇：pressing //adj. 紧迫的inevitable //adj. 不可避免的optional //adj. 可选择的结构：It is said （形式主语）//that in England death is pressing（第一个并列主语从句）, //in Canada inevitable （第二个并列主语从句，承接第一个从句省略了death is…，补充完整是in Canada death is inevitable）//and in California optional（第三个并列主语从句，承接前面省略了death is…）.译文：据说，在英国，死亡是刻不容缓的事情；在加拿大，不可避免；在加利福尼亚，随意选择。
唐静考研阅读逐句翻译2003年第4篇第2句和第3句Small wonder. Americans’ life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century.词汇：wonder //n. 惊异，惊讶；令人感到惊讶的事情；奇迹expectancy //n. 预期，期待，指望life expectancy // 预期寿命，平均寿命译文：这不足为奇。
在过去的一个世纪里，美国人的平均寿命几乎延长了一倍。
翻译思路：small wonder“small wonder, no wonder, little wonder”这三个短语一样，意思是“something is not surprising”，不足为奇，没有什么奇怪的。
唐静考研阅读逐句翻译2003年第4篇第4句Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression controlled, cataracts removed in a 30-minute surgical procedure.词汇：hip //n. 臀部，髋部depression //n. 忧愁，沮丧；经济萧条cataract //n. 瀑布；（医学）白内障结构：Failing hips can be replaced（第一个并列句）, //clinical depression controlled （第二个并列句，承前省略了can be）, //cataracts removed in a 30-minute surgical procedure（第三个并列句，承前省略了can be）.译文：髋骨坏了可以更换，忧郁症可以控制，白内障只需30分钟手术便可以切除。
考研阅读逐句译2001年第3篇
唐静考研阅读逐句译2001年第3篇第1句、第2句和第3句Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The AmericanSociety of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organization isdeep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project.词汇：distrust //v.[Tn]have no confidence or belief in (sb/sth) 不信任（某人[某事物]）*He's so suspicious he would distrust his own mother. 他这人疑心太重, 连自己的母亲也不相信。
journalism //n. [U]work of collecting, writing, editing and publishing material in newspapers and magazines or on television and radio 新闻业，新闻工作*a career in journalism新闻工作的职业journalist //n.person whose profession is journalism 新闻工作者，新闻记者; 报人; （报纸杂志的）撰稿人*He's a journalist on the Daily Telegraph. 他是《每日电讯报》的记者。
credibility //n.[U]1 quality of being believable 可信性，可靠性.2 quality of being generally accepted and trusted 信用，信誉*After the recent scandal the Government has lost all credibility. 经过最近这次丑闻之後，政府完全失去了人们的信任。
2001年考研英语阅读解析
第三部分阅读理解试题解析第一篇一、文章结构总体分析这是一篇论述科学发展的专业化和职业化的文章。
全文客观地描述这一过程，并且以英国地质学的发展为例说明专业化发展导致专业人员和业余人员之间的分化越来越明显。
第一段：科学知识的积累导致知识的进一步分类和分化，即专业化发展。
与专业化发展同时并存的另一现象是科学活动的日益职业化。
第二段：专业化的发展给业余研究者的进入带来了困难，这种趋势在某些科学领域尤为突出。
第三、四段指出：以英国地质学研究为例，说明专业人员和业余人员之间分化越来越明显。
而这种专业化和职业化的分化过程早在19世纪英国的地质学领域就已经开始形成。
二、试题具体解析21. The growth of specialisation in the 21. 19世纪专业化的发展在____科19th century might be more clearly seen 学领域更为显见。
in sciences such as ____.[A] sociology and chemistry [A] 社会学、化学[B] physics and psychology [B] 物理学、心理学[C] sociology and psychology [C] 社会学、心理学[D] physics and chemistry [D] 物理学、化学［答案］D［解析］本题考核的知识点是：事实细节题+ 常识。
文章第二段最后两句话指出，“19世纪专业化的发展要求时间更长、内容更复杂的培训，这使得非专业研究人员面临越来越大的困难。
这个趋势在以数学训练或实验室训练为基础的科学领域显得更为突出。
”四个选项中涉及社会学、化学、物理学、心理学四个学科。
根据常识，物理学、化学与地质学都是以数学和实验室培训为基础的科学，而社会学和心理学则不是。
比较四个选项只有D选项“物理和化学”是正确答案。
22. We can infer from the passage that ____. 22．从文中，我们可以推断出_____。
考研阅读逐句译2001年第2篇16
考研阅读逐句译2001年第2篇16唐静考研阅读逐句译2001年第2篇第16句 Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure（the basic structural foundations of a society）in the United States.词汇：invasion //n.(a) [U] invading or being invaded 侵略，侵犯*suffer invasion by enemy forces 遭受敌军的侵犯*the invasion of Poland by Germany in 1939 1939年德国对波兰的侵略.(b) [C] instance of this 侵略，侵犯*an outrageous invasion of privacy 对隐私权的粗暴侵犯sovereignty //n.[U] (fml ⽂)1 independent sovereign power 最⾼统治权，君权2 quality of being a country with this power 国家的主权*respect an island's sovereignty尊重⼀岛国的主权结构：Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty （主句的主语是countries，后⾯有⼀个that引导的定语从句，think后⾯是宾语从句）// might well study the history of infrastructure（the basic structural foundations of a society）in the United States（主句的谓语部分）.译⽂：那些认为外国投资是侵犯本国主权的国家不妨研究⼀下美国的基础设施建设历史。
2001 考研英语阅读真题Text 4(英语二)
2001 Text 4（英语⼆）合并和收购的浪潮Text 4The world is going through the biggest wave of ever witnessed.The process sweeps from hyperactive America to and reaches the with unsurpassed might.Many in these countries are looking at this process and worrying: “Won't the wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollable anti-competitive force?”There's no question that the big are getting bigger and more powerful.Multinational corporations accounted for less than 20% of in 1982.Today the figure is more than 25% and growing rapidly.International affiliates account for a fast-growing segment of production in economies that open up and welcome .In , for instance, after the reforms of the early 1990s, multinationals went from 43% to almost 70% of the industrial production of the 200 largest firms.短⽂ 4mergers and acquisitions 世界正在经历⼀场前所未有的巨⼤的并购浪潮。
考研英语真题手译【2001-2009】
考研英语真题手译【2001-2009】对于众多考研学子来说，英语是一道必须跨越的难关，而真题手译则是攻克这一难关的有力武器。
在2001 至2009 年的考研英语真题中，蕴含着丰富的知识点、命题规律以及语言运用技巧。
通过手译真题，我们能够更加深入地理解英语语言的奥秘，提升自己的英语水平。
首先，手译真题能够帮助我们强化语法知识。
在阅读和翻译真题的过程中，我们会遇到各种复杂的句子结构，如从句、倒装、虚拟语气等。
通过亲手翻译，我们能够更加清晰地分辨句子成分，理解语法规则在实际语境中的运用。
比如 2001 年的真题中，有这样一个句子：“Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well” 这个句子使用了 not onlybut also的倒装结构，通过手译，我们能更深刻地理解这种结构的用法和意义。
其次，手译真题有助于扩大词汇量。
考研英语的词汇要求较高，真题中会出现许多高频词汇和生僻词汇。
在翻译过程中，我们会遇到不认识的单词，通过查阅词典并记住它们在具体语境中的用法，能够使我们的词汇记忆更加牢固。
同时，我们还能学习到单词的同义词、反义词以及相关的词组搭配，丰富自己的词汇储备。
以 2002 年的真题为例，“The future belongs to those who are adaptable and innovative” 其中的“adaptable”和“innovative”就是比较高级且常用的词汇，通过手译，我们能更好地掌握它们。
再者，手译真题可以提高我们的阅读理解能力。
真题中的阅读文章涵盖了各种题材和体裁，包括科技、文化、社会等。
通过翻译，我们能够更加细致地理解文章的内容，把握作者的观点和态度。
同时，也能培养我们的逻辑思维能力，学会从复杂的信息中提取关键要点。
例如 2003 年的一篇阅读文章，讲述了关于环保的问题，通过手译，我们能够更清晰地理解文章中所提到的环保措施和面临的挑战。
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唐静考研阅读逐句译2001年第4篇第1句The world is going through the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever witnessed.（微信平台：victorjingtang，欢迎转发，欢迎邀请同学和研友加入）2000年到2003年第4篇以前的逐句翻译，请查看“历史消息”。
阅读之前这条消息之前，最好按照以下步骤进行：a抄一下句子，b自己动手，写下译文，写到本子上，c查词典，弄懂句子，d再翻译，e看我的解释，f记住这个句子的单词、结构、意思、关键的词汇搭配等等，多复习。
词汇：merger //n. 合并acquisition //n. 获得，习得，收购witness //v. 目击、见证，表明，作证译文：世界正在经历一场前所未见的巨大的并购浪潮。
或者翻译为：一场前所未见的巨大的并购浪潮正席卷全球。
翻译思路：开头句、暗喻、ever、位置大挪移这是文章的开头句，开门见山，谈及目前大家都知道的一种潮流“mergers and acquisitions”从一个众所周知的事实开始，再进而提出自己的观点。
这种开头方式值得学习。
如果我们要运用这种开头方式，可以直接套用：The world is going through the biggest wave of 一个当下流行的事情ever witnessed.这个开头句很漂亮，一个原因在于使用了暗喻的修辞手法。
Wave本来是指海洋的“浪潮”；这里的意思是a sudden increase or occurrence in a specified activity, phenomenon, or feeling，即它可以用来形容“一个活动、一种现象、一种感情”的“突然增加、突然出现”。
这个暗喻，中文也有类似的说法，直接翻译即可。
wave of mergers and acquisitions就直译为“兼并浪潮”。
注意ever这个词，有一种用法是与比较级的词连用, 放在than之後，或与最高级连用，意思是“曾经、从来、之前、直至现在、以前任何时候”，比如：better than ever意思是“比以前任何时候都好”；This is the best work you've ever done.意思是“这是你曾经做过的工作中，做得最好的工作；这是你所做的最好的工作”。
所以，这个句子中The world is going through the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever witnessed.直译的意思是“这个世界正经历曾经见证过的最大的一次兼并浪潮”。
最后，这个句子的翻译，我把英语原顺序做了一个“位置大挪移”式的翻译。
大家比较一下：世界正在经历一场前所未见的巨大的并购浪潮。
或者翻译为：一场前所未见的巨大的并购浪潮正席卷全球。
（唐静于2015年3月11日南京至成都的航班MU2805上）唐静考研阅读逐句译2001年第4篇第2句The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might.词汇：hyperactive //adj. 异常活跃的，异常迅速的，多动的emerge //v. 出现，显露，暴露unsurpassed //adj. 卓越的，不能超越的结构：The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe （主语和第一个谓语动词）//and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might（and并列第二个谓语动词）.学生译文：（来自@蛋黄酥好坑）这个过程从异常活跃的美国席卷到欧洲，并以不可超越的威力影响到那些新兴的国家。
参考译文：这一波浪潮在美国异常迅猛，再横扫欧洲，又蔓延至一些新兴的国家，势不可挡。
翻译思路：把中文说短这个句子的两个译文：译文一：这个过程从异常活跃的美国席卷到欧洲，并以不可超越的威力影响到那些新兴的国家。
译文二：这一波浪潮在美国异常迅猛，再横扫欧洲，又蔓延至正在崛起的一些国家，势不可挡。
我对第二个译文还挺满意的，嘿嘿。
第一个译文有几个小问题值得修改。
其一，the process就是上文的wave，这是英语的一种连贯手段，用不同的词来表达同一个含义。
所以“这个过程”翻译没错；也可以用“这一波浪潮“翻译。
其二，“这一波浪潮从异常活跃的美国席卷到欧洲”中“异常活跃的美国”，给人感觉有点不对“是什么在美国异常活跃”。
不难理解，这里应该说的这种兼并浪潮在美国“异常活跃”。
所以，我开始修改为：这一波浪潮在美国异常活跃。
但是考虑到中文习惯，说“浪潮活跃”不合适，所以改为：这一波浪潮在美国异常迅猛。
其三，“席卷到欧洲”中文习惯说“席卷欧洲”可以，“席卷到欧洲”不好听。
所以，我考虑到上文我用过了“席卷”这个词了，这里sweep本义是“扫”，我修改为“横扫欧洲”。
其四，既然前面翻译为了两个短句：浪潮在美国异常迅猛，再横扫欧洲。
那英语原文的第二个动词reach，我也尽可能用短句翻译，所以就把with unsurpassed might（以无法超越的威力）这个状语搁在后面，威力无比强大（原来考虑用“威猛无比”，但是考虑到上文用了“迅猛”，避免“猛”字重复了，用了“威力强大”）。
唐静考研阅读逐句译2001年第4篇第3句Many in these countries are looking at this process and worrying: "Won't the wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollable anti-competitive force?"词汇：concentration //n. 专注，集中、聚集uncontrollable //adj. 无法控制的anti-competitive //adj. 反竞争的译文：这些国家的许多人正关注这一过程，并表示担忧：“企业合并的浪潮会不会发展成为一股反竞争的力量而无法控制？”翻译思路：“无法控制的反竞争的力量”中文的形容词修饰名词，有时候顺序没有那么重要。
比如说“一个又红又大的苹果”和“一个又大又红的苹果”，而英语只有一个答案a big red apple。
an uncontrollable anti-competitive force按照英语顺序直接翻译，当然没有错：一个无法控制的反竞争的力量。
可是，如果把顺序适当调整一下，说“一股反对竞争的不可控力量”似乎更好听。
如果考虑到英语上文有turn into（变成、发展），那就不如说“发展成为一股反竞争力量，而无法控制”。
一句话：汉语，要通顺，要写短句。
学生译文点评：@ClementinaYuan这些国家中的许多人观望着这一过程并表达了担忧态度：“这种商业集中化的浪潮会不会转变为不可控制的反竞争趋势的推力呢？点评：原文的look at翻译起来，译文有很多，比如“看着，观望着，面对着”等等，这些译文都算是可以接受的，但是都不如“关注”更通顺。
其次，“表达了担忧态度”，态度一词可以省略。
再努力，加油。
唐静考研阅读逐句译2001年第4篇第4句There's no question that the big are getting bigger and more powerful.结构：There's no question （主句）//that the big are getting bigger and more powerful （that同位语从句）.译文：毫无疑问，大企业将变得更大更强。
翻译思路：question构成的词组in question，有两个意思。
其一，（指人或者物）讨论到的，提到的；如：The student in question is sitting there.（提到的那个学生就坐在那里。
）其二，如果说sth. is in question，意思是“受到质疑”。
如：I’m afraid his honest is now in question.（恐怕我有点怀疑他是否诚实。
）bring (call, throw) sth. into question，意思是“使人怀疑，对某事物的怀疑”。
如：His honest has been called into question.（他是否诚实，令人生疑。
）without question，可以用来强调所说的是事实且完全正确；如：Lisa was, without question, a very beautiful woman.。
也可以用来表示毫无异议的接受或者服从；如：She accepted his decision without question.。
out of question和out of the question，前者意思和beyond question意思差不多，是“毫无疑问，不可指责”；后者意思是“完全不可能，绝不允许”。
There is no question of sth. happening (sb. doing sth.)，意思是“绝不可能…”；相反，There is some question of…则是“有可能…”，如：There was some question of selling the business.（有可能将公司转让了。
）There is some question about sth.意思是“对某事的质疑，人们怀疑”。
There is no question that…表示It is completely certain that…，“可以肯定，毋庸置疑”。
学生译文点评：@日新行侠毫无疑问，强者愈强，愈是更具影响力。
点评：the big的理解，是好多同学困惑的问题。
其实很简单，上文说了Won't the wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollable anti-competitive force?这里the big承接上文，含义应该是the big business，所以翻译为“大企业”是可以的。
有的同学理解为“更大一波的并购浪潮”，这个理解不对。
尤其是下文还有说“multinational corporations…”可以看得出，the big说的是“大企业”。