高考英语名词知识点专项训练及解析答案(6)
高考英语名词知识点专项训练及解析答案(6)
一、选择题
1．Jane is nice but she has a ______ to talk too much.
A．trend B．tendency C．tension D．threat
2．The self-driving smart bus is already operating in 10 cities across China, with the
latest_______ in Shanghai in August.
A．exploration B．exclusion C．expansion D．explosion
3．—I couldn’t tell Jack from his twin brother.
—Me too, and there is no obvious________between them.
A．contribution B．distinction C．promotion D．expression
4．The ________ went extremely well, with almost all of the audience requesting further information about our 5G products.
A．conservation B．imagination C．presentation D．qualification
5．I practiced a lot in the training center so that I could pass the driving test at my first
__________.
A．attempt B．experiment
C．flight D．glance
6．The two neighbouring countries reached a（an） ______ on their boundary problem eventually.
A．Accumulation.B．compensation C．accommodation D．ambition
7．The painful experience left her emotionally drained, but she is not the sort of ________woman to be defeated by a of fate.
A．damage B．collapse C．twist D．share
8．Finding the ________ to this problem is no easy task .
A．relaxation B．imagination C．invention D．solution
9．Our natural ________ are limited. This means that they will not________forever. A．energies; occur B．materials ; erupt
C．resources ; last D．sources; bury
10．Despite numerous failures, they continued to carry out the____________.
A．method B．experiment.C．warning D．effect
11．Due to the ________ of this medical technology, some diseases can be treated at the early stage.
A．appreciation B．application
C．appointment D．approach
12．Lao Gan Ma is the best chilli sauce in China. The company built up its________by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price.
A．reputation B．campaign C．appetite D．occupation 13．Since he did not prepare for the whole story before class, he just read the of the plot instead. A．headline B．expression C．outline D．title
14．In the process of getting rid of racial________,the USA is left far behind. A．discrimination B．compromise C．substitute D．disadvantage
15．Modem TVs use many of the ________ first discovered by Farnsworth, who contributed a lot to the development of TV
A．platforms B．principles C．sources D．symptoms 16．Letting virtual assistants, such as Amazon's Alexa, take care of your home is a(n) _________ for disaster to some, because AI-infused systems may demonstrate unpredictable behaviors that can be disruptive, confusing, offensive, and even dangerous.
A．topic B．shortcut C．cure D．recipe
17．With the _______ of the mid-term examinations, the majority of the students are becoming more and more nervous.
A．approach B．access C．attachment D．appearance 18．Olympic athletes bring joy to people across the world with their____________ to push the boundaries of human achievement.
A．intelligence B．influences C．impression D．attempts
19．The explorer got a disease in blood for ________of fresh vegetables and fruit.
A．sake B．lack
C．ignorance D．knock
20．The good news that he got a_________to Senior Editor brought great happiness to his family. A．prospect B．promotion C．priority D．privilege 21．—Could you tell me the____ of making such tasty cakes?
— Well, I just follow the directons in the cookbook.
A．feature B．plan C．cost D．trick
22．It is a great____________ for our country to hold the 2022 Winter Olympic.
A．signal B．function C．honor D．agreement 23．The expert says the farm helps reduce Beijing’s __________ on dirty energy that creates the capital’s heavy smog.
A．convenience B．confidence C．reliance D．importance 24．Luna is a girl of great ______ for she takes a great interest in whatever she sees. A．curiosity B．belief C．concern D．strength 25．China is a racially mixed country, in which various ethnic(民族) groups bring their own unique flavors to each corner of the country, which adds ________ people's table.
A．to great variety of B．great variety to
C．to a great variety of D．the great variety to
【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除
一、选择题
1．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：简人很好，但她话太多。A. trend趋势，走向；trend towards/in sth. 动态；B. tendency趋势，癖好；tendency (for sb./sth.) to do sth.倾向；偏好；C. tension 紧张，张力；D. threat 威胁。根据题干中搭配的介词是to, tendency to do sth. 表示“简喜欢说太多的话”。故选B。
2．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自动驾驶智能巴士已经在中国10个城市投入运营，最新的一次扩展是今年8月在上海。A. exploration探索，勘探；B. exclusion排外；C. expansion扩大，扩展；D. explosion爆炸。根据句意及选项，此处是说自动驾驶智能巴士最新一次投入使用是在上海。故选C。
3．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：—我分不清杰克和他的孪生兄弟。—我也是，他们之间没有明显的区别。A. contribution贡献；B. distinction区别；C. promotion提升；D. expression表达。根据句意可知，孪生兄弟长相相似，区别并不明显，distinction意为“区别”，与题意相符，故选B。
4．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这场发布展示会进展非常顺利，几乎所有到场的听众都向我们的5G产品咨询更多的信息。A. conservation保护；B. imagination想象力；C. presentation
展示；D. qualification资格。结合句意可知，此处用“展示”符合语境，故选C项。
5．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我在培训中心进行了大量练习，以便我能在驾照考试中一次通过。
A. attempt尝试；
B. experiment实验；
C. flight飞行；
D. glance瞥见。at the / one’s first
attempt表示“第一次尝试”，为固定搭配。由“I practiced a lot in the training center”以及so that可推断，进行大量练习，目的是为了一次尝试通过驾照考试。故选A。
6．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个邻国最终在边界问题上达成了和解。A. Accumulation.积累；B. compensation补偿；C. accommodation调节，和解；D. ambition野心。根据句意可知，此处是指达成和解。故选C。
7．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：痛苦的经历使她的感情枯竭，但她不是那种被命运打败的扭曲的女人。A. damage破坏；B. collapse崩溃；C. twist转动，扭曲；D. share分享。结合句意表示“扭曲”，故选C。
8．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：找到这个问题的解决办法不是一件容易的事。A. relaxation放松；B. imagination想象力；C. invention发明；D. solution解决方法。根据后文to this problem可知是找到问题的“解决方法”。故选D。
9．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词和动词辨析。句意：我们的自然资源是有限的，这意味着它们不能永远持续。A. energies; 精力；occur 发生；B. materials ; 材料；erupt 爆发；C. resources ; 资源；last 持续； D. sources;资源； bury埋葬。有限的是自然资源，有限当然不能持续使用。故选C。10．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管失败了很多次，他们仍然继续进行实验。A. method方法；
B. experiment实验；
C. warning警告；
D. effect效果。根据Despite numerous failures, they continued to carry out可知，此处用“实验”符合句意，故选B项。
11．B
解析：B
【解析】
试题分析：appreciation感谢，欣赏，application应用，申请，appointment约会，approach 方法，接近。句意：由于这种医疗技术的应用，一些疾病可以在早期得到治疗。
考点：名词
12．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：老干妈是中国最好的辣椒酱。该公司通过不断以较低的价格提供高质量的产品而建立了自己的声誉。A. reputation名誉；B. campaign运动；C. appetite胃口；D. occupation职业，占有。由“by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price”可知，reputation“名誉”符合句意。故选A。
13．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词。句意：由于上课前他没有准备整个故事，他只看了故事梗概。A. headline大标题；B. expression表达，表情；C. outline大纲，概要；D. title标题。这里指“故事梗概”。故选C。
14．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在摆脱种族歧视的过程中，美国被远远抛在后面。A. discrimination歧视；B. compromise妥协；C. substitute代替；D. disadvantage缺点。根据空前的“racial”可知，此处指种族“歧视”，故选A项。
15．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现代电视使用了最初由Farnsworth发现的许多原理，他对电视的发展做出了很大贡献。A. platforms平台；B. principles原则；C. sources来源；D. symptoms症状。根据句意可知，现代电视利用了由Farnsworth发现的原理，故选B。16．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：让虚拟助手(比如亚马逊的Alexa)照顾你的家，对某些人来说无异于一场灾难，因为人工智能系统可能会表现出不可预测的行为，这些行为可能具有破坏性、混乱性、攻击性，甚至是危险的。A. topic话题；B.shortcut捷径；C. cure治愈；D. recipe配方。分析句子可知，显然让虚拟助手掌握实权带来的是不好的结果，也就是导致了灾难的发生，a recipe for disaster“后患无穷”。故选D项。
17．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着期中考试的临近，大多数学生变得越来越紧张。A. approach接近；B. access通道；C. attachment连接物，附属；D. appearance外貌，外观。根据“the majority of the students are becoming more and more nervous”可知，此处是指随着期中考试的“临近”，故选A项。
【点睛】
名词词义辨析题注重考查考生结合语境准确选用词语的能力。由于英语词汇丰富，且用法多变，考生掌握起来有较大难度，因此在平时应注意词汇的积累，理解词语的含义及其常见的习惯搭配，再联系句子所表述的意义和语境，选出正确的答案。如本题中由语境“the majority of the students are becoming more and more nervous”可以推出，空处应选“接近，临近”的意思。
18．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词。句意：奥运健儿们努力突破人类成就的极限，为全世界人民带来了欢乐。A. intelligence智力，理解力；B. influences影响；C. impression印象，效果；D. attempts企图，试图。结合句意可知D项符合语境。
19．B
解析：B
【解析】
考查名词。for the sake of为了……的缘故；for lack of由于缺少；ignorance无知；knock敲打，敲击。句意：探险家因为缺少新鲜的蔬菜和水果，得了一种血液病。根据句意应选
B。
20．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他晋升为高级编辑的好消息给他的家人带来了极大的快乐。A. prospect前途；B. promotion升职，晋升；C. priority优先权；D. privilege特权。结合后文to Senior Editor brought great happiness to his family.可知此处指晋升（promotion）为高级编辑的好消息给他的家人带来了极大的快乐。get a promotion“得到晋升”。故选B。
21．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。——你能告诉我做这么好吃的蛋糕的窍门吗?——好吧，我只是按照食谱上的指示做。A. feature特征；B. plan计划；C. cost花费；D. trick诀窍。这里指“做这么好吃蛋糕的诀窍”。所以选D。
【点睛】
本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。由后文的回答可以推断本题答案，“我只是按照食谱上说明书（做蛋糕）”，那么前面问的肯定是“你做蛋糕有啥技巧呀？”再根据初步判断去看选项，B、C可以排除，A和D可能拿捏不准，尤其是D,考生可能会想到play tricks认为是“把戏”的意思，就错选成A了。但是A仅仅有“特征”之意，D在此由“把戏”被转化为“技巧”，类似于tips，考生一定要注重转化意，这也是近年高考的趋势。
22．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于我们国家来说，举办2022年冬奥会是一个巨大的荣誉。A. signal信号；B. function功能；C. honor荣誉，荣耀；D. agreement协议，同意。有机会举
办冬奥会对于所有国家来说都是一个荣耀。故选C项。
23．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：专家说，这个农场有助于减少北京对污染能源的依赖，而污染
能源造成了首都的严重雾霾. A. convenience 方便；B. confidence 自信；C. reliance 依靠，依赖；D. importance 重要性。分析句子，reliance on 译为“对……的依赖，信赖”，是固定短语。此处表示北京对污染能源的依赖。C项符合句意。故选C项。
24．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Luna是一个充满好奇心的女孩，因为她无论看见什么东西，都有极大的兴趣。A. curiosity好奇心；B. belief信念；C. concern关心，忧虑；D. strength力气。根据“she takes a great interest in whatever she sees(因为她无论看见什么东西，都有极大的兴趣)”可推知，Luna是一个充满好奇心的女孩。故选A项。
25．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词和固定短语。句意：中国是一个多种族的国家，在中国，各民族团体将他们独有的味道带到国家的各个角落，增添了人们餐桌的多样性。分析句子可知，各族人民不同的口味增加了人们餐桌的多样性，A、B选项中的add...... to意为“把......加到......”,great variety没有特指，所以不加the。故选B项。
高考英语名词知识点综合练习(1)
高考英语名词知识点综合练习(1) 一、选择题 1．The system has been meant to give students quick and easy ________ to the digital resources of the library. A．access B．passage C．way D．approach 2．Lao Gan Ma is the best chilli sauce in China. The company built up its________by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price. A．reputation B．campaign C．appetite D．occupation 3．I suggest you apply for membership. Members can get a 15% ____________. A．discount B．dictation C．favor 4．Anyone who is in ________ of weapons without permission is considered law-breaking. A．command B．control C．charge D．possession 5．Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any ________. A．excuse B．sense C．use D．value 6．A huge was lifted from my shoulders when I told my parents about my problems. A．burden B．risk C．hole D．disaster 7．Timoteo has an unusual job — he is a human traffic _________. A．sign B．signal C．mark D．symbol 8．—In spring, hens start laying eggs again, bringing a welcome source of protein. —It is ____ that lots of cultures celebrate spring by honoring the egg! A．no doubt B．no surprise C．no way D．no need 9．The ________ went extremely well, with almost all of the audience requesting further information about our 5G products. A．conservation B．imagination C．presentation D．qualification 10．If violence is not kept in check by bringing the guilty to ____, matters will go beyond what the public can tolerate. A．equality B．justice C．regulation D．liberation 11．The two neighbouring countries reached a（an） ______ on their boundary problem eventually. A．Accumulation.B．compensation C．accommodation D．ambition 12．As we all know, there is a close ______ between diet and health. A．connection B．evidence C．power D．belief 13．To those of you who received honors, awards, and ____, I say, well done. And to the average students, I say, you, too, can be President of the United States. A．distinctions B．contributions C．solutions D．attractions 14．People’s____of life has greatly improved since the reform and opening-up policy(政策)was carried out in China. A．quantity B．quality C．activity D．reality 15．During the early ____________of planetary evolution, they served to sweep the solar system. A．stages B．journeys C．species D．demands
高考英语专题一名词
考点一名词 名 词 一、可数名词单数变复数的规则 1.规则变化 规则例词 一般情况下,在词尾直接加-s book—books cap—caps tree—trees 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es glass—glasses box—boxes watch—watches brush—brushes
2.不规则变化
注意:1.fish的“数” ?
2.penny的复数形式 ? 2 pennies ? 2 pence 3.hair的“数” ? ?
4.people指“人”时是person的一种复数形式,指“民族”时其复数形 式为peoples。 one person一个人two people两个人 a people一个民族two peoples两个民族 二、名词所有格 1. 加-'s词尾的规则 2.用法 （1）用于表来人或其他有生命的名词。表示所有关系类别用途、目的或起源。Is this Mr. Black's ofie? 这是布莱克先生的办公室吗? I took over my father's company last year.我是去年接管我父亲的公司的。children's bookstore儿童书店 (2)用于表示时间距离、价格等的名词。 Have you read today's newspaper?你读今天的报纸了吗? We're going to have a six weeks' summer vacation.我们将有一-个为期六个星期的暑假。
It's only half an hour's drive from here to the nearesthospital. 从这里到最近的医院开车仅有半小时的路程。 I bought 100 dollars' worth of books.我买了100美元的书。 (3)表示国家、城市、天体等的名词常用- 's结构。 China's industry 中国的工业 the ciy' enironment这座城市的环境the earth's suface地球的表面 (4)用以构成不同的节日。 April Fo's Day愚人节Children'sDay儿童节 Mothe's Day母亲节Teaches Day教师节 (5)用来表示店铺、医院、学校、住宅及公共建筑时，名词所有格后常常不出现它所修饰的名词。 at the barber's (shop)在理发店at Dick's (home)在迪克家 at the Whites' ( home )在怀特家里at the doctor's ( ffice)在医院at the tailor's ( shop)在裁缝店 (6)-'s用于学位中。 a Bachelor's degree学土学位 a master's degree硕士学位 a doctor's degree博士学位 (7)有时为了避免重复，可以单独使用-'s所有格，在句中相当于名词My views are quite different from my father's.我的观点与我父亲的非常不同。 My camera is the same as Ron's.我的照相机和罗恩的一样。 (8)由and连接的两个或多个名词，表示共同拥有时，只将最后一个名词变为所有格形式;如果是各自所有，则每个名词都要变成所有格 Jonh and Mary’s school Jonh’s and Mary’s schools (9)不定代词后加else,在else后加“-'s” somebody else's possessions 3.of所有格
高考语法专项练习：名词和名词短语
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