最新hypertension高血压全英语版-
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【高血压精品英文课件】高血压 Hypertension_
Pathophysiology
Hypertensive Emergency
Failure of normal autoregulatory function Leads to a sharp increase in systemic
vascular resistance Endovascular injury with arteriole necrosis Ischemia, platelet deposition and release of
Epidemiology
Hypertensive Emergency
Estimates are that about 1% of those with hypertension will present with hypertensive emergency each year
That is >500,000 Americans per year Correct and quick diagnosis and
Risk Factors
If >50, systolic BP > 140 is a more concerning risk factor for cardiovascular disease than diastolic BP.
The risk of cardiovascular disease doubles for every increase in BP of 20/10 over 115/75.
140-159/90-99
Stage II HTN
>160/>100
(Severe HTN
>180/>110)
Severe HTN is not a JNC VII defined entityDefinitions
高血压(英文版) ppt课件
Hypertension
Introduction
Hypertension is a major public health problem throughout the world because of its high prevalence and its association with increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
<90
130140-159 140-149
Epidemiology
Prevalence rate （ 患 病 率 ） China: In 1959, In 1979, 5.11% 7.73% of hypertension in
In 1991,
11.88%
The prevalence of high BP increases with age. Hypertension is more common in men than in women up to age 50, after that age, hypertension is more common in women. Hypertension is more common in northern China than in southern China.
For instance:
21/3 1st visit: 146/98mmHg, 150/98mmHg 23/3 2nd visit: 128/84, 126/80
27/3 3rd visit: 130/80, 130/82
Notes(continue)
4. Optimal BP with respect to cardiovascular risk is less than 120/80 mmHg. However, unusually low readings should be evaluated for clinical significance. For example, 70/50 mmHg is less than 120/80 mmHg, but it is not optimal.
Introduction
Hypertension is a major public health problem throughout the world because of its high prevalence and its association with increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
<90
130140-159 140-149
Epidemiology
Prevalence rate （ 患 病 率 ） China: In 1959, In 1979, 5.11% 7.73% of hypertension in
In 1991,
11.88%
The prevalence of high BP increases with age. Hypertension is more common in men than in women up to age 50, after that age, hypertension is more common in women. Hypertension is more common in northern China than in southern China.
For instance:
21/3 1st visit: 146/98mmHg, 150/98mmHg 23/3 2nd visit: 128/84, 126/80
27/3 3rd visit: 130/80, 130/82
Notes(continue)
4. Optimal BP with respect to cardiovascular risk is less than 120/80 mmHg. However, unusually low readings should be evaluated for clinical significance. For example, 70/50 mmHg is less than 120/80 mmHg, but it is not optimal.
英文疾病介绍——Hypertension(高血压病)PPT课件
Who is at risk?
➢Your chances of having high blood pressure are higher if you:
• Are overweight • Eat foods high in salt • Do not get regular exercise • Smoke • Drink alcohol heavily • Under Stress,anger,frightened or
Diagnosis
systolic blood
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Classification Of Hypertension
➢Hypertension
Essential Secondary Hypertension Hypertensio ①pr原im发ar性y o高r e血s压sennt继ial发性高血 hype（rte高n血sio压n:病h）igh blood压 pressu➢9rPer0im–war9yito5hr %Esnseontiaol bHyvpei5orte–un1ssio0n % underlying(潜在的,根本的) meBdeicnailgcnause. Malignant ②HSyepceorntednasriyoHn ypHeyrpteenrtseionnsi:on
【高血压精品英文课件】Hypertension_
【高血压精品英文课件】Hypertension
The left ventricle is markedly thickened in this patient with severe hypertension that was untreated for many years. The myocardial fibers have undergone hypertrophy.
Kieran McGlade Nov 2001
Tailored Approach
• Assessment of overall cardiovascular risk • Recognition of co-morbidities • Lipid profile • Renal function • Existing contra- indications
• In diabetes – Diastolic< or = 80mmhg 51 % lower risk compared to 90 mmHg
Kieran McGlade Nov 2001
Global heart threat from diabetes:
A global explosion in the number of cases of diabetes is threatening to reverse the reduction in deaths from heart disease in many western countries, including the United Kingdom. To coincide with World Diabetes Day on 14 November, Diabetes UK is calling for action to be taken to reduce the 20,000 deaths per year from coronary heart disease (CHD) among people with diabetes in the UK.
The left ventricle is markedly thickened in this patient with severe hypertension that was untreated for many years. The myocardial fibers have undergone hypertrophy.
Kieran McGlade Nov 2001
Tailored Approach
• Assessment of overall cardiovascular risk • Recognition of co-morbidities • Lipid profile • Renal function • Existing contra- indications
• In diabetes – Diastolic< or = 80mmhg 51 % lower risk compared to 90 mmHg
Kieran McGlade Nov 2001
Global heart threat from diabetes:
A global explosion in the number of cases of diabetes is threatening to reverse the reduction in deaths from heart disease in many western countries, including the United Kingdom. To coincide with World Diabetes Day on 14 November, Diabetes UK is calling for action to be taken to reduce the 20,000 deaths per year from coronary heart disease (CHD) among people with diabetes in the UK.
高血压英文PPT精品课件HYPERTENSIONANDVASCULAR
Moderation of alcohol consumption
Hale Waihona Puke Limit consumption to no more than 2 drinks (1 oz or 30 mL ethanol; eg, 24 2–4 mm Hg oz beer, 10 oz wine, or 3 oz 80-proof whiskey) per day in most men and to no more than 1 drink per day in women and lighter-weight persons.
(elevated serum creatinine,
▪(2) Renovascular disease
abnormal urinalysis),
(abdominal bruits)
▪(3) APKD-autosomal dominant
polycystic kidney disease (abdominal or flank masses)
Prehypertension:
recheck in 1 year
2. Stage 1 hypertension: SBP 140–159 or DBP 90–99
Stage 1 hypertension:
confirm within 2 months
2 separate office visits)
▪(5) Primary hyperaldosteronism
(hypokalemia)
7
JNC VII 2003 recommendations
Normal: recheck in 2 years (see Comments)
高血压(英文版) ppt课件
Etiology and pathogenesis of EH
No
cause can be established Possible mechanisms Genetic tendency
Spontaneous hypertension rat EH tends to cluster in families
Classification of Blood Pressure Levels (mmHg)
Category Systolic Diastolic Hypotension??? <60 Optimal <120 <80 Normal <130 <85 High-normal 139 85-89 Grade 1 hypertension(mild) 90-99 Subgroup: borderline 90-94
Optional investigations
Plasma renin( 肾 素 ) activity & aldosterone (醛固酮), urinary VMA（香草杏仁酸），to identify secondary hypertension Echocardiography, to detect ventricular hypertrophy Vascular ultrasonography should be performed if arterial disease is suspected. Renal ultrasonography should be performed if renal disease is suspected.
perhaps by catecholamines儿茶酚胺
医学英语_高血压
生活方式的改变来降低血压
－ － － reduce sodium intake ：<6g 减少钠的摄入:< 6克 reduce fat intake:less than 30% of total 减少脂肪摄入:总额的不到30% eat more greens and dairy productsl 多吃绿ercise for high blood pressure is focused on reducing peripheral ascular resistance, use low to medium intensity aerobic training .
Signs and Symptoms of Hypertension
High blood pressure(HBP) itself usually has no signs or sympto ms. Rarely, headaches may occur.
血压(HBP)本身通常没有迹象或症状,很少有头痛等发生。
Some people only learn that they have HBP after the damage has caused problems, such as coronary hear disease, stroke, or kidney failure.
有些人只知道他们有家庭血压后造成损害的问题,如冠状动脉疾病,中风或听到 肾衰竭
High salt diet
Drink
Pathogenesis of Hypertension
Social psychological
People whose spirit long-term 人的精神长期紧张,交 nervous ,sympathetic nerve will 感神经会兴奋,心肌收 be excited,myocardial contraction 缩力增强,外周阻力增 force enhancement, peripheral 加,血压明显上升,如 resistance increased,blood 此反复多次高血压会 pressure increased obviously, 导致高血压。 relapse for many times so raised blood pressure will cause hypertension.
hypertension高血压全英语版-共40页
Classification Of Hypertension
ØPrimary or Essential Hypertension 原发性高血压 high blood pressure with no obvious underlying（潜
在的，根本的） medical cause.
90-95% ØSecondary Hypertension 继发性高血压
Cause and Pathogenesis
Cause and Pathogenesis
Cause and Pathogenesis
---Inherited genetic factors
➢ About half of patients have family history of hypertension, they were born to have higher risk to suffer hypertension.
Signs And Symptoms
✓ Most of the time, there are no symptoms.
✓ About one out of every 100 (1%) people with hypertension is diagnosed with severe high blood pressure (accelerated or malignant hypertension) at their first visit to the doctor.
Diagnosis of Hypertension
systolic blood pressure≤120 diastolic blood pressure ≤ 80
Both of them
英文疾病的介绍——Hypertension(高血压病)
➢ Anyone can have high blood pressure. Some people are more likely to have high blood pressure including:
• African Americans(more sensitive to salt) • People over age 55 • People with a family history of high blood pressure
but below 140/90
It is called
Pre-hypertension 高血压前期
Danger systolic blood pressure≥140 Zone diastolic blood pressure ≥90
Lead to
Hypertension
Either of them
② Secondary Hypertension: High blood pressure that is caused by another medical condition(医疗条件) or medication(药物).
➢Primary or Essential Hypertension
Benign Hypertension
sad in a long time
Hypertension Symptoms
High blood pressure is sometimes called a silent killer(无症状杀 伤者) because it may have no outward symptoms for years (可能没 有外在症状长达数年).
Diagnosis
• African Americans(more sensitive to salt) • People over age 55 • People with a family history of high blood pressure
but below 140/90
It is called
Pre-hypertension 高血压前期
Danger systolic blood pressure≥140 Zone diastolic blood pressure ≥90
Lead to
Hypertension
Either of them
② Secondary Hypertension: High blood pressure that is caused by another medical condition(医疗条件) or medication(药物).
➢Primary or Essential Hypertension
Benign Hypertension
sad in a long time
Hypertension Symptoms
High blood pressure is sometimes called a silent killer(无症状杀 伤者) because it may have no outward symptoms for years (可能没 有外在症状长达数年).
Diagnosis
英文疾病介绍——Hypertension(高血压病)ppt课件
Hypertension
英文疾病介绍——Hypertension(高血压病)
What Is Hypertension?
➢Hypertension (HTN) is a chronic medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is elevated(提高的).
In fact, one in five people with the condition don‘t know they have it. Internally([ɪnˈtɜ:nəlɪ],在体内地), it can quietly damage the heart, lungs, blood ve英ss文e疾l病s,介b绍r—a—inH,ypaerntednsiokni(d高n血e压y病s) if left untreated. It’s a major risk factor for strokes(中风/脑卒中) and heart attacks(心脏病).
Who is at risk?
➢ Anyone can have high blood pressure. Some people are more likeressure including:
• African Americans(more sensitive to salt) • People over age 55 • People with a family history of high blood pressure
Malignant Hypertension
(Chronic Hypertension)
(Accelerated Hypertension)
英文疾病介绍——Hypertension(高血压病)
What Is Hypertension?
➢Hypertension (HTN) is a chronic medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is elevated(提高的).
In fact, one in five people with the condition don‘t know they have it. Internally([ɪnˈtɜ:nəlɪ],在体内地), it can quietly damage the heart, lungs, blood ve英ss文e疾l病s,介b绍r—a—inH,ypaerntednsiokni(d高n血e压y病s) if left untreated. It’s a major risk factor for strokes(中风/脑卒中) and heart attacks(心脏病).
Who is at risk?
➢ Anyone can have high blood pressure. Some people are more likeressure including:
• African Americans(more sensitive to salt) • People over age 55 • People with a family history of high blood pressure
Malignant Hypertension
(Chronic Hypertension)
(Accelerated Hypertension)
【高血压英文PPT精品课件】Hypertension (HT) -High Blood Pressure (HBP)
• Symptoms:
Always asymptomatic Symptoms often attributed to hypertension:
headache, tinnitus, dizziness, fainting
slide 10
Clinical Features
• Complications of Hypertension Heart: LVH, CHD,HF Brain: TIA, Stroke Renal: Microalbuminuria, renal dysfunction Ratinopathy
3. Renal Sodium Handling 4. Vascular Remodelling 5. Endothelial Cell Dysfunction 6. Insulin Resistance
slide 4
The pathological changes of small artery
• Ambulatory monitoring can provide:
– readings throughout day during usual activities – readings during sleep to assess nocturnal changes – measures of SBP and DBP load – Exclude white coat or office hypertension
KW II: More marked narrowing and irregularity with arteriovenous nicking (crossing defects)
KW III: Flame-shaped hemorrhages and exudates in addition to above arteriolar changes
Always asymptomatic Symptoms often attributed to hypertension:
headache, tinnitus, dizziness, fainting
slide 10
Clinical Features
• Complications of Hypertension Heart: LVH, CHD,HF Brain: TIA, Stroke Renal: Microalbuminuria, renal dysfunction Ratinopathy
3. Renal Sodium Handling 4. Vascular Remodelling 5. Endothelial Cell Dysfunction 6. Insulin Resistance
slide 4
The pathological changes of small artery
• Ambulatory monitoring can provide:
– readings throughout day during usual activities – readings during sleep to assess nocturnal changes – measures of SBP and DBP load – Exclude white coat or office hypertension
KW II: More marked narrowing and irregularity with arteriovenous nicking (crossing defects)
KW III: Flame-shaped hemorrhages and exudates in addition to above arteriolar changes
高血压(中英文双语)
Artery
blocking lesion
aortic dissection
Clinical Manifestation
Most common complications are from brain， 4-6 times of AMI 。
Include: TIA， brain thrombosis，brain infarction（包括腔隙
Risk factor of cardiovascular disease
• male > 55, female> 65 • smoking • Total cholesterol> 5.72mmol/L (250mg/dl) • diabetes • Early cardiovascular family history（early onset of CV
>= 180
单纯收缩期高血压
>=140
亚组：临界收缩期高血压 140-149
注：当收缩压与舒张压属不同级别时，应该取较高的级别分类。
舒张压 (mmHg) < 80 < 85 90 - 99 90 - 95 100-109 >= 110
< 90 < 90
Clinical Evaluation of hypertension
disease male<55；female <65)
并存的临床情况
脑血管疾病
• 缺血性卒中 • 脑出血 • 短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)
心脏疾病
• 心肌梗死 • 心绞痛 • 冠状动脉血运重建 (PTCA,PCI,CABG) • 充血性心力衰竭 •左心室肥厚（心电图／超声心 动图及X线）
抗高血压药_英文版
The postsynapti
c membrane
receptor
Vascular smooth muscle
clonidine mecamylamine
-methyldopa
Reserpine
Eplerenone
guanethidine
hydralazine propranolol sodium nitroprusside 1 prazosin nifedipine 1 labetalol minoxidil
Antihypertensive drugs
Reasonable application of antihypertensive drugs
Control of blood pressure
Delay the formation and developmen t of atherosclero sis
of left heart failure aLeabharlann d mortality is left
Hydrochlorothiazide
Divided into primary hypertension （90%~95%） And secondary hypertension
complications
Heart failure Coronary heart disease (CHD) Cerebrovascular accident Renal failure
- Nerve - fluid system on blood pressure regulation 。
1.Nervous regulation: the sympathetic nervous system
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4
Treatment
5
Medical Qigong
6
Precaution
Signs And Symptoms
✓Potential ✓Unnoticed ✓The Silent killer
Signs And Symptoms
✓Headache ✓Dizziness ✓Shortness of breath ✓Blurred vision ✓Ear noise or buzzing ✓nosebleed ✓Fatigue ✓Nausea ✓Irregular heartbeat
160-179
180
Diastolic Blood Pressure <80 80-89 90-99
100-109
110
Classification Of Hypertension
➢Primary or Essential Hypertension 原发性高血压 high blood pressure with no obvious underlying（潜
Complications
---Heart failure
The heart will get larger or weaker, which may lead to heart failure.
Complications
---Aneurysms
Complications
---Kidney failure
High blood pressure that is caused by another
medical condition(医疗条件) or medication(药物).
5-10%
Contents
1
Signs And Symptoms
2
Complications
3
Causes And Pathogenesis
高血压
Stage of Hypertension
Category
Normal Pre-hypertension Hypertension – Stage 1 Hypertension – Stage 2 Hypertension – Stage 3
Systolic Blood Pressure < 120 120-139 140-159
Blood vessels in the kidney will narrow. This may cause kidney failure
Complications
---Blindness
Blood vessels in the eyes will burst or bleed. This will lead to vision or blindness
Classification Of Hypertension
➢Primary or Essential Hypertension 原发性高血压 high blood pressure with no obvious underlying（潜
在的，根本的） medical cause.
90-95% ➢Secondary Hypertension 继发性高血压
Cause and Pathogenesis
Cause and Pathogenesis
Cause and Pathogenesis
---Inherited genetic factors
➢ About half of patients have family history of hypertension, they were born to have higher risk to suffer hypertension.
Cause and Pathogenesis
---Dietary factors
Cause and Pathogenesis
---Sodium intake
excessive sodium intake
Sodium and water retention
Extracellular fluid increase Cardiac output increase
sign
but below 140/90
It is called
Pre-hypertension 高血压前期
Danger systolic blood pressure≥140
Lead to
Hypertension
Zone diastolic blood pressure ≥90 Either of them
在的，根本的） medical cause.
90-95% Benign Hypertension (Chronic Hypertension)
良性/缓进性高血压
Malignant Hypertension (Accelerated Hypertension)
恶性/急进性高血压
➢Secondary Hypertension 继发性高血压
hypertension高血压全英语版 -
Diagnosis of Hypertension
systolic blood pressure≤120 diastolic blood pressure ≤ 80
Both of them
Normal blood pressure 正常血压范围
A warning If your BP are 120/80 or higher
Signs And Symptoms
✓ Most of the time, there are no symptoms.
✓ About one out of every 100 (1%) people with hypertension is diagnosed with severe high blood pressure (accelerated or malignant hypertension) at their first visit to the doctor.
hypertension
Cause and Pathogenesis
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
---Obesity
obesity
Blood lipids increase
Narrow diameter of blood vessel