高中英语选修八单元五知识讲与练
高中英语人教版选修八U5单词讲解
Unit 5△identify vt. 确认；识别；鉴别alternative n. 可能的选择adj. 供选择的；其他的have the alternative of doing sth. 有做某事的选择an alternative to... ……的替代品△archaeology n. 考古学(<美>archeology)△archaeological adj. 考古学的；与考古学有关的(<美>archeological)△archaeologist n. 考古学家(<美>archeologist) starvation n. 挨饿；饿死starve v.饿死tentative adj. 试探性的；不确定的accuracy n. 精确；准确accurate adj. 精确的；准确的△excavate vt. 挖掘；发掘△excavation n. 挖掘；发掘interrupt vt. & vi. 打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止interrupt sb./sth. (with sth.) (因某事)打断某人/某事interruption n. 打扰；插嘴；打岔；阻断物acute adj. 有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的assume vt. 假定；设想(1)assume sb./sth. to_be 假定/假设某人/某事为……It is assumed that... ……被认为……(2)assumption n. 假定；假设make an assumption 认为；假定(3)assuming/supposing (that)．.. 假设/假定……regardless adv. 不管；不顾in spite of＝despite 不顾；虽然；尽管……regard v.将…认为;看待n.关心;致意，问候best regards to sb. 向某人表达祝愿as regards＝regarding＝in/with regard to 关于；至于regard...as... 把……看作……mat n. 席子；垫子quilt n. 被子；棉被beast n. 野兽at most 至多；最多at least 至少centimetre n. 厘米(<美>centimeter) sharpen vi. & vt. （使）锋利；尖锐；清晰sharpener n. 磨具；削具cut up 切碎cut down 减少；砍倒cut off 切断（气、电、水等）；隔断cut in 插嘴；打断别人cut across 走近路；取捷径cut out 剪下；割掉△scrape vt. 擦净；削平；磨光△scraper n. 刮刀；刮削器ample adj. 足够的；充足的；富裕的messy adj. 凌乱的；脏的mess n.脏乱；杂乱；不整洁in a mess 杂乱；一团糟primitive adj. 原始的；远古的；简陋的△bead n. 小珠子；滴botany n. 植物学botanical adj. 植物学的；与植物学有关的analysis n. 分析复数形式analysesanalyze v.分析seashell n. 海贝壳ripen vt. & vi. 使……成熟；成熟category n. 种类；类别；范畴significance n. 意义；意思；重要性；重要意义(1)be of (great/no/little) significance to... 对……(很/不/不太重要) attach (great) significance to 认为……重要(2)significant adj. 重要的；明显的be of significance＝be significant 重要；有意义常见“be＋of＋抽象名词”的短语：①be of significance＝be significant②be of importance＝be important③be of value＝be valuable④be of help＝be helpful⑤be of use＝be usefulsomehow adv. 以……方式；不知怎么地systematic adj. 有系统的；有计划的；有条理的spit vt. (spat, spit; spat, spit) 吐出（唾液、食物等）vi.吐痰delete vt. 删；删除album n. 相册；集邮册；唱片scratch n. （刮、抓、划的）痕迹；搔；挠vt. 搔；抓；擦伤；刮坏academy n. 学院；学会；学术团体；院校receptionist n. 接待员；招待员onion n. 洋葱kindergarten n. 幼儿园skateboard n. 滑板fed up with 受够了；饱受；厌烦yogurt n. 酸乳酷；酸奶radioactive adj. 放射性的；有辐射能的radioactivity n. 放射性division n. 分割；划分；分配；分界线BC 公元前melon n. （各种）瓜wrinkle n. 皱纹pulse vi. 强烈而有规律地跳动；搏动n.脉搏；节拍△vein n. 血管；静脉applaud vi. & vt. 鼓掌欢迎；赞赏applause n.鼓掌；喝彩look ahead 向前看；为将来打算howl vt. & vi. 嗥叫；叫喊；吼叫accelerate vi. & vt. 加速；促进acceleration n.加速spear n. 矛；枪arrest vt. 逮捕；吸引n.逮捕；拘留dizzy adj. 晕眩的；昏乱的；使人发晕或困惑的△eyebrow n. 眉毛△cheekbone n. 颧骨△arrowhead n. 箭头△axe n. 斧；斧子hammer n. 铁锤；锤子gay adj. 快乐的；欢快的gaily adv. 快乐地；轻松地skilful adj. 有技巧的；熟练的(<.美>skillful)date back 追溯到……date back to＝date from 追溯到；始于(无进行时态，无被动语态) up to date 时髦的out of date 过时的punctuation n. 标点符号△worship vt. & vi. 崇拜；敬奉n.崇拜；敬神△craftsmanship n. 技艺；手艺；精工细作。
人教版新课标选修8第5单元精讲讲义(附答案)
人教版新课标选修8各单元精讲讲义选修8第5单元Ⅰ. 要点导读1. I’m sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here? (P38)interrupt vt.“打断……讲话”eg: Don’t interrupt the speaker now; he will answer questions later.“暂停；中断”eg: Traffic was interrupted by a dense fog.Trade between the two countries was interrupted by the war.vi.“打断别人的讲话；打岔”eg: Go on, I don’t want to interrupt.2. So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold. (P38)assume vt.“假定；设想”eg: I assumed he wouldn’t want to talk with me after our quarrel.We can all leave together assuming (that) the others aren’t late.“承担；呈现；假装”eg: I made a mistake and I will assume responsibility for it.He contented himself by assuming an air of superiority.assume 与suppose辨析：二者都有“假定；猜想”的意思，但又有区别如下：assume表示在没有证据或证实的情况下认为或接受某事。
eg: We must assume him to be innocent until he is proved guilty.suppose表示根据一定现象做出的推断。
人教版高中英语选修八+Unit5+Meeting+your+ancestors知识点讲解课件
2. 表示从过去某时开始，一直延续到说话时刻，可 能刚刚结束的动作。例如： She has been sweeping the street all day. She is too tired. 她一整天都在扫大街。她太累了。 We have been waiting for you for two hours. We don't want to wait any longer. 我们已经等你两个小时了。不想再等了。
3. interrupt
vt.
1) 打断，中断，阻碍 e.g. 战争打断了两国间的贸易。 ①The war ~ed the trade between the 2 countries. ②Sorry to interrupt you, but I have something to say. 打断某人的话 ~ sb. /sth. with sth. (2) interrupt sb. 打扰某人
9. Somehow 以…方式；不知怎么地；莫名其妙地
Somehow he was afraid of her.
anyhow 无论如何，不管怎样
It may snow, but anyhow I will go to town.
10. arrest:
逮捕，吸引
The criminal was arrested yesterday.
7 sharpen vt. 使锋利,尖锐;使强烈
The knife needs sharpening. The tone of his letters has sharpened recently. sharp adj.锋利的,尖锐的; 急转的,陡峭; 突然的,急剧 a sharp turn 急转弯 a sharp increase 急剧增加
2020年高考英语一轮复习：选修八 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors
2020年高考英语一轮复习：选修八Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors[单词回顾·会拓展]Ⅰ.核心词汇(能写会用)1.somehow相关单词一览①somehow ad v.以……方式；不知怎么地；不知为什么②anyhow ad v.无论如何③anyway ad v.无论如何；不管怎样④somewhat ad v.有点儿；有几分；颇为2．分词用作介词或连词小结①assuming 假设；假定②considering 鉴于；考虑到③including 包含；包括④supposing 假设；假如⑤provided/providing 假设；如果⑥concerning 关于⑦given 鉴于；考虑到3．后缀en构成的动词集锦①sharp→sharpen 磨快；使敏捷1．tentative adj .试探性的；不确定的 2．ample adj .足够的；充足的；富裕的 3．primitive adj .原始的；远古的；简陋的 4．category n ．种类；类别；范畴 5．receptionistn ．接待员；招待员 6．yogurt n ．酸乳酪；酸奶 7．wrinkle n ．皱纹8．pulse v i .强烈而有规律地跳动；搏动 n ．脉搏；节拍 9．howl v t .& v i .嗥叫；叫喊；吼叫 n ．长嚎；嗥叫 语境串联Mr.Brown ，an acute politician ，gave a significant speech that a lot of poor people have no alternative but to starve to death and regardless of others ，rich people should help improve their messy living conditions.He was interrupted by the audience applauding from time to time.Assuming that if all of us do such things in a systematic way ，we 'll accelerate the development of society.[短语再现·能应用]college student！”However，looking ahead，he has no alternative but to prepare for the coming College Entrance Examinations.Fed up with doing lots of exercises every day regardless of a lot of difficulties，he knows he has to accelerate his walk to revision.His parents both applaud him and are proud of him.[句型重温·巧仿写]教材情景导入01语法填空A group of students from England has come to theZhoukoudian caves for a visit.An archaeologist 1.is showing(show) them round.The archaeologists 2.have been excavating(excavate) here for many years.After finding human and animal bones 3.in those caves higher up the hill as well as tools and other objects assume discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves 5.where they constructed fires.Some evidence suggests 6.that our ancestors did wear clothes 7.made (make) from animal skins.The archaeologist also shows the students a primitive necklace 8.preserved (preserve) quite well.Indeed analysis has been 9.specially(special) showing us fields around here used to be part of a large shallow假定/假设某人/某事为……assume that... 假定/假设……It is assumed that... ……被认为(2)assumption n. 假定；假设make an assumption 认为；假定on the assumption that 假定(3)assuming (that)．.. 假设/假定……①Don't assume it is OK to be rude if the person you're in touch with won't recognize you. 不要主观地认为如果你正在接触的人认不出来你，你就可以粗鲁。
备战高考教材解码--人教选修八UNIT 5核心考点专讲专练(含答案)
人教选修八UNIT 5核心考点专讲专练【考点剖析】alternative n.(either of two or more possibilities)可供选择的事物;(两者或以上)可能的选择adj.供选择的; 二选一的(1)have no alternative but to do sth=have no choice but to do sth=do nothing but do…只能做某事;除……之外别无选择(2)alternative energy 替代能源;新能源alternative method 替代的方法(3)alternatively adv.可供选择地arrest v.& n.(seize in the name of the law and usually put in prison or catch one's attention)逮捕,拘留;吸引(注意)(1)arrest sb for 因……而逮捕某人get arrested 遭逮捕arrest one's attention 引起注意(2)under arrest 被捕make an arrest 进行拘捕assume vt.(to take sth for granted; accept sth without proof)假设;设想(1)assume sb/sth to be 假定/假设某人/某事为It is assumed that… 认为……(2)assumption n.假定;假设make an assumption=assume 认为;假定on the assumption that 假定(3)assuming that… 假设/假定……[温馨提示]assuming that是一种悬垂分词,表示“如果,假定”,引导条件状语从句。
类似用法的词还有:supposing(=supposed),providing(=provided),given,considering等。
人教版高中英语【选修八】[知识点整理及重点题型梳理] Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors语言点
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人教版高中英语选修八知识点梳理重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors语言点学习目标重点词汇alternative, tentative, interrupt, acute, assume,ample, primitive, analysis, sharpen, somehow, applaud, accelerate, arrest重点短语regardless of, at most, cut up,be/ get fed up with, look ahead, date back to重点句型情态动词+ have doneif only知识讲解重点词汇alternative【原句回放】Can you think of the alternatives we would use today? 你们能想得出来今天我们用什么来替代这些东西吗？【点拨】alternative n. 替换物常用搭配：have no alternative but to do sth. 除......外别无选择；只有，只好There are some alternatives to our plan.有几种方案可以代替我们的计划。
He had no alternative but to go there alone.他别无选择，只好一个人去那儿。
【拓展】alternative adj. 随便一个的；二者择一的，供替代的The way was blocked, so we went by an alternative road.这条路被挡住了，因此我们走了另一条路。
tentative【原句回放】Make a tentative guess about what Peking Man may have done and used thousands of years ago. 试着猜猜几千年前“北京人”可能做的事情和使用的东西。
人教版高中英语选修八unit5-词汇讲解
date back to英［deɪt］美［deɪt]追溯到……常见用法：1．动词+～advance the date提前日期bear the date注明日期break the date不遵守约定bring forward the date提前日期2．形容词+～closing date截止日期early date早期fixed date固定的日期future date将来的日期介词+～from that date从那时起on a certain date在某一日期out of date过时的to date到目前为止例句：All the objects are from the same excavation site in Sanxingdui and can be dated back to between 3，000 and 5，000 years ago. 所有的物品都来自于三星堆的一个挖掘点，时间可以追溯到3000到5000年前.date back to＝date from因追溯是从现在算起指向过去，所以这个短语常用一般现在时。
This custom dates back to the 16th century.这风俗起源于16世纪.This is an old building dating back to/dating from the 16th century.这是一栋追溯至16世纪的古老建筑物。
练习：1。
英译汉My interest in stamp collecting dates back to/from my schooldays。
2.Every day a number of tourists take pictures in front of the tower,which ________ as early as 800 years ago。
A．dates back to B．is dated backC．dates back from D．was dated from答案：1。
【高中英语教材知识梳理】选修八 Unit 5
Unit 5Meeting your ancestorsⅠ.单词语境记忆1．the alternative of riding or walking在骑车和步行中选择一种2．his acute analysis of the situation 他对形势敏锐的分析3．in the botanical garden 在植物园里4．five categories of books 五种类别的图书5．arrest my attention 吸引了我的眼球6．check his pulse检查他的脉搏7．feel dizzy and short of breath 感动头晕气短8．the safety of radioactive material 放射性物质的安全9．a project of great significance十分重要的项目10．ample rainfall in that area 那个地区的丰沛降水Ⅱ.词性转换与派生记忆1．scratch n．(刮、抓、划的)痕迹；搔；挠→v t.搔；抓；擦伤；刮坏2．pulse n．脉搏；节拍→v i.强烈而有规律地跳动；搏动3．worship n．崇拜；敬神→v t.& v i.崇拜；敬奉4．identify v t.确认；识别；鉴别→identification n．辨认；鉴定→identity n．身份；一致；同一性5．starvation n．挨饿；饿死→starve v．(使)挨饿；饿死6．accuracy n．精确；准确→accurate adj.准确的；精确的→accurately ad v.准确地；精确地7．interrupt v t.& v i.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止→interruption n．打断；打岔；中止8．assume v t.假定；设想→assuming conj.假设→assumption n．设想；假定；担任9．sharpen v．(使)锋利；尖锐；清晰；削尖→sharp adj.锋利的→sharpener n．磨具；削具；铅笔刀10．messy adj.凌乱的；脏的→mess n．凌乱；脏11．ripen v．使……成熟；成熟→ripe adj.成熟的12．systematic adj.有系统的；有计划的；有条理的→system n．系统；制度13．academy n．学院；学会；学术团体；院校→academic adj.学术的；理论的14．receptionist n．接待员；招待员→receive v．接收→reception n．接待；接收15．division n．划分；分割；分配；分界线→divide v．分开；分割；划分16．applaud v i.& v t.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏→applause n．鼓掌17．accelerate v．加速；促进→acceleration n．加速度18．skilful adj.有技巧的；熟练的→skilled adj.熟练的；有技能的→skill n．技能；技巧Ⅲ.单词趣味串记1．His acute observation made his research work accurate.他的敏锐的洞察力使他的研究工作十分准确。
【高二同步教程】高中英语选修8 Unit5语法：现在完成进行时讲解及练习
高中英语选修8 Unit 5语法教学案Section_ⅢGrammar—_现在完成进行时语法图解【探究发现】①Well, we've been finding the bones of tigers and bears in the caves, and we think these were their most dangerous enemies.②It has been raining since last week.③He has been writing a novel, which will be finished next month.④He has written a novel, which is being prepared to come out now.⑤I have been visiting my hometown recently, and it impresses me differently each time.⑥I have visited my hometown recently, whose changes have left a deep impression on me.⑦Recently she has always been helping me.⑧Recently she has helped me a lot.【我的发现】(1) 由句①②③看出现在完成进行时的构成形式为：have/has＋been＋doing。
(2) 比较句③④，现在完成进行时强调动作未完成；而现在完成时强调动作已经结束。
(3) 比较句⑤⑥，现在完成进行时强调动作的重复，现在完成时可以表示一次性动作。
(4) 比较句⑦⑧，现在完成进行时表示一种感情色彩；现在完成时则陈述一种事实。
一、现在完成进行时1．基本含义：表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的动作；表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的动作；表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内，重复发生的动作，通常表示一种感情色彩(关切、惊异、愤怒、赞许等)。
高考一轮复习英语讲义：选修八 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors 含答案
Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors一、刷黑板——词汇全听写(先过识记默写关)Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．excavate v t.挖掘；发掘2．mat n. 席子；垫子3．quilt n. 被子；棉被4．beast n. 野兽5．onion n. 洋葱6．skateboard n. 滑板7．yogurt n. 酸乳酪；酸奶[第二屏听写]8．melon n．(各种)瓜9．wrinkle n. 皱纹10．spear n. 矛；枪11．eyebrow n. 眉毛12．arrowhead n. 箭头13．hammer n. 铁锤；锤子14．craftsmanship n. 技艺；手艺；精工细作15．punctuation n. 标点符号Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第三屏听写]1．identify v t.确认；识别；鉴别2．alternative n. 可能的选择adj.供选择的；其他的3．archaeology n. 考古学(〈美〉archeology) 4．archaeological adj.考古学的；与考古学有关的(〈美〉archeological) 5．archaeologist n. 考古学家(〈美〉archeologist)[第四屏听写]6．starvation n．挨饿；饿死7．tentative adj.试探性的；不确定的8．accuracy n. 精确；准确9．interrupt v t.&v i.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止10．acute adj.有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的11．assume v t.假定；设想12．regardless ad v. 不管；不顾[第五屏听写]13．centimetre n．厘米(〈美〉centimeter)14．sharpen v i.&v t.(使)锋利；尖锐；清晰15．sharpener n. 磨具；削具16．kindergarten n. 幼儿园17．ample adj.足够的；充足的；富裕的18．messy adj.凌乱的；脏的19．primitive adj.原始的；远古的；简陋的20．seashell n. 海贝壳[第六屏听写]21．category n．种类；类别；范畴22．botany n. 植物学23．botanical adj.植物学的；与植物学有关的24．analysis n．(pl.analyses) 分析25．ripen v t.&v i.使……成熟；成熟[第七屏听写]26．significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义27．somehow ad v. 以……方式；不知怎么地28．systematic adj.有系统的；有计划的；有条理的29．spit v t.吐出(唾液、食物等)v i.吐痰30．delete v t.删；删除31．album n. 相册；集邮册；唱片[第八屏听写]32．scratch n(刮、抓、划的)痕迹；搔；挠v t.搔；抓；擦伤；刮坏33．academy_ n. 学院；学会；学术团体；院校34．receptionist_ n. 接待员；招待员35．radioactive adj.放射性的；有辐射能的36．radioactivity n. 放射性37．division n. 分割；划分；分配；分界线[第九屏听写]38．pulse v i.强烈而有规律地跳动；搏动n. 脉搏；节拍39．applaud v i.&v t.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏40．howl v t.&v i.嗥叫；叫喊；吼叫n. 长嚎；嗥叫41．accelerate v i.&v t.加速；促进[第十屏听写]42．arrest v t.逮捕；吸引n. 逮捕；拘留43．dizzy adj.头晕目眩的；眩晕的；使人发晕或困惑的44．worship v t.&v i.崇拜；敬奉n. 崇拜；敬神45．skilful adj.有技巧的；熟练的(〈美〉skillful)[第十一屏听写]46．regardless_of_不管；不顾47．at_most 至多；最多48．cut_up 切碎49．fed_up_with 受够了；饱受；厌烦50．look_ahead 向前看；为将来打算51．date_back_(to_...) 追溯到；始于二、刷清单——热身自盘点(再过基本应用关)(一)核心单词(二)常用短语一、过重点单词——纵引横联超人一点1．alternative adj.供选择的；其他的n．可能的选择；选择对象[教材原句]Can you think of the alternatives we would use today?你能想到我们今天使用的替代品吗？[多角练透]单句语法填空①The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to communicating (communicate) with others.②In order to succeed, we have no alternative but to_face (face) failure bravely and learn from it.补全句子③You have_the_alternative_of_speaking_or keeping quiet.你要么发言，要么保持沉默。
人教新课标高二英语选修八 Unit 5 基础知识及默写 含答案
人教新课标高二英语选修八Unit 5 基础知识及默写基础知识归纳基础知识默写基本单词1. ____________ n. 可能的选择adj. 供选择的; 其他的2. ____________ n. 挨饿; 饿死3. ____________ adj. 有观察力的; 敏锐的; 严重的; 深刻的4. ____________ vt. 假定; 设想5. ____________ adv. 不管; 不顾6. ____________ adj. 足够的; 充足的; 富裕的7. ____________ adj. 凌乱的; 脏的8. ____________ n.植物学9. ____________ vt. 删; 删除10. ___________ n. 痕迹; 搔; 挠vt. 抓; 擦伤; 刮坏11. ___________ n. 幼儿园12. ___________ vt. 逮捕; 吸引n. 逮捕; 拘留13. primitive adj. __________________14. analysis n. __________________15. significance n. __________________16. academy n. __________________17. yogurt n. __________________18. wrinkle n. __________________19. applaud vi. __________________20. accelerate vi. vt.__________________派生单词21. accuracy n. 精确; 准确___________ adj. 精确的; 准确的___________ adv. 精确地; 准确地___________ n. 错误22. skill n. 技巧; 熟练___________ adj. 有技巧的; 熟练的___________ adv. 巧妙地, 技术好的___________ adj. 有能力的, 熟练的23. interrupt v.打断……(讲话); 打岔; 暂时中止或中断_____________ n.中止, 中断; 阻拦物, 障碍物_____________ n. 打断者, 阻碍者_____________ [搭配]不中断地24. sharp adj. 锋利的; 尖锐的; 急剧的_____________ adv. 锐利地; 急剧地_____________ n. 锐利_____________ v. 削尖; (使) 尖锐_____________ n. 削具; 磨具短语1. 不顾; 不管________________2. 遭受; 患……病________________3. 把……和……对比________________4. 带某人到处参观________________5. 对……感兴趣________________6. 御寒; 挡住寒气________________7. 最多; 至多________________8. 切碎_________________9. 向前看; 为将来打算________________10. 追溯到_________________11. 在乎; 担心_________________12. look very much like _________________13. used to do _________________14. gather for reunions _________________15. lie in wait (for sb.) _________________16. become dizzy with hunger ______________17. scoop up __________________18. pull out __________________19. with relief __________________20. now and then __________________21. one’s spirits rise __________________句型1. if only… 要是……就好了/但愿……e.g. If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!2. only to do/be (结果)却……e.g. Abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister,Luna.参考答案：基础知识默写基本单词1. alternative2. starvation3. acute4. assume5. regardless6. ample7. messy8. botany9. delete 10. scratch11. kindergarten 12. arrest 13. 原始的; 远古的; 简陋的14. 分析15. 意义; 意思; 重要性16. 学院; 学会; 学术团体17. 酸奶; 酸乳酪18. 皱纹19. 鼓掌欢迎; 赞赏20. 加速; 促进派生单词21. accurate; accurately; inaccuracy 22. skillful; skillfully; skilled23. interruption; interrupter; without interruption24. sharply; sharpness; sharpen; sharpener短语1. regardless of2. suffer from3. compare...with...4. show sb. round5. be interested in6. keep out the cold7. at most8. cut up9. look ahead 10. date back 11. care about12. 看起来很像13. 过去常做14. 团聚15. 隐蔽静候以出人不意16. 饿得头昏眼花17. 搂起来18. 拖出来19. 宽慰地20. 不时地21. 某人的情绪高涨起来。
人教高中英语选修八学案讲义：Unit5 Meeting your ancestors-语法篇(学生)
第10讲Meeting your ancestors 语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.掌握现在完成进行时的用法；2.能够区分现在完成时与现在完成进行时。
现在完成进行时（1）结构由“have/has been+动词的现在分词”构成，表示从过去某时开始，一直持续到现在的动作，可能刚刚停止，也可能还在继续进行。
例如：We have been looking for you for an hour.我们找了你一个小时。
（动作刚停止）She has been teaching English since she graduated.她毕业后一直在教英语。
(动作还在继续进行)We have been going over maths these days.我们这些天一直在复习数学。
（动作还在继续进行）（2）有时现在完成进行时不是指某动作一直在不停的进行，而是表示一直到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作，常常带有感情色彩。
例如：She has been saying that 20 times. 这话她已经说了20遍了。
He has been calling on her several times this week. 他这个星期几次来看他。
We have been having a lot of rain recently. 最近雨水很多。
（3）有时现在完成进行时表示刚才或近来发生的动作，也可表示知道说话时为止的一段时间内发生的动作，这一动做到说话时已经结束，而且一般不再继续下去；这种用法主要表示某一动作所产生的结果或对现在的影响。
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高中英语选修八单元五知识讲与练-----中英互译1.______________ n.饿死；挨饿2.______________ v.妨碍；打断3.______________ adj.dirty or untidy4.______________vt.删除5.______________ n.幼儿园6._____________ n. 野兽7._____________ n.厘米8._____________ n.植物学9._____________ v.抓；擦伤；刮坏10.____________ vt.& n.逮捕11.acute adj. ___________12.sharpen vt. ______________13.primitive adj. ____________14.analysis n. ______________15.significance n. ______________16.academy n. ________________17.yoghourt n. ___________18.wrinkle n.& vt. ________________19.applaud v. __________20.accelerate v. _________________重点单词1.accuracy n.精确；准确_____________ adj. 精确的；准确的_____________ adv. 精确地；准确地_____________ n.错误⑴Sometimes a person suffering a loss gives incomplete，or even ___________ (accurate) information.⑵Keep an English-English dictionary handy，and when you can’t interpret a word _______ accuracy，you may refer to it any time.⑶___________ is the first thing. To get an __________number，we must measure______________. (accurate)2.interrupt v. 打断(讲话)；打岔；暂时中止或中断_____________ n.中止,中断;阻拦物,障碍物________________n.打断者，阻碍者______________________[搭配]不中断地⑴The bell indicating the end of the period rang，____________ (interrupt) our heated discussion.⑵Chinese civilization is the only one without ____________ (interrupt) in the world.3.sharp adj. 锋利的；尖锐的；急剧的_____________ adv.锐利地；急剧地_____________ n.锐利_____________ v.削尖；尖锐_____________ n.削刀；磨具⑴You must be very careful with this_____knife.⑵A workman must _________ his tools if he is to do his work well.⑶Who else has a pencil_______________ ?4.skill n. 技巧；熟练_____________ adj.灵巧的，制用精巧的_____________ adv.巧妙地，技术好的_____________ adj.有能力的，熟练的After giving a ⑴______ performance，Bill，a ⑵_____ worker，told the new workers that⑶______ came with experience.5assume vt.假定；设想assume that... 设想……，假定……assume sb./sth.to be ... 假定…… 是……运用：根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
⑴我想你总是在同一时间起床。
_____________ you always get up at the same time.⑵假定这是真的，我们现在该怎麽办？___________________ ，what should we do now?6. arrest vt.逮捕；吸引;n. 逮捕；拘留put/place sb.under arrest 逮捕某人(be)under arrest 被捕的，在押的u运用：翻译下列句子。
⑴他们没有理由逮捕他。
They had no grounds__________________.⑵杀人犯被监控起来了。
The murderer was____________________.⑶罪犯已被捕。
The criminal is_______________________ .nder house arrest 在软禁中词组互译1.不顾；不管__________________2.遭受；患……病；受……苦__________________3.把……和……对比__________________4.带某人到处参观__________________5.对……感兴趣__________________6. 御寒;挡住寒气_________________7. 最多；至多_________________8. 切碎_________________9. 追溯到_________________10. 在乎；担心_________________11.look very much like_______________ed to do _______________13.gather for reunions_______________14.lie in wait(for sb.) _______________15.become dizzy with hunger _______________16.scoop up _____________17.pull out _____________18.with relief _____________19.now and then _____________20.one’s spirits rise ___________重要词组1. at most 至多；最多反义：at least至少运用：根据汉语意思完成句子。
⑴你最多出多少钱？How much will you pay_______________ ?⑵这辆汽车最多能容纳四十名乘员。
This car can hold___________________ .2. cut up 切碎，使伤心cut down砍倒，削减，删节运用：根据汉语意思完成句子。
⑴她失败后感到非常痛心。
She was badly __________ when she failed.⑵她把胡萝卜切碎放入锅中。
She ____________________ and put them in the pot.⑶他们砍倒了那棵树。
They______________________________ .⑷我们必须要削减开支，因为收入减少了。
We have to ________________，since our income decreases.3. look ahead 向前看；为将来打算运用：根据汉语意思完成句子。
⑴向前望去，你就可以看到一座宝塔。
Just __________ and you’ll see a pagoda.⑵要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了。
If only she_________________ and planned better!4. date back to=date from(+ 时间点)追溯到，从……就有date back(+ 时间段)追溯到运用：翻译下列句子。
⑴这座城市的历史可追溯到18世纪40年代，英国人到来的时候。
The history of the city ________________________________________ when the British arrived.⑵这座城市的历史可追溯到400年前，英国人到来的时候。
The history of the city_______________when the British arrived.5. (be)fed up with(=be bored with)对……厌倦；受够了运用：用适当的词填空或完成句子。
⑴We all became fed up ______ his long speech.⑵人们对整天抱怨的人会感到厌烦。
People _______________ anyone who complains all the time.重要句型1.原句：If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!(P43)她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了。
句型：If only...要是……就好了！说明：该句型谓语动词用虚拟语气，表示与过去、现在和将来事实相反的愿望。
仿写：根据汉语意思，完成句子。
⑴要是明天我们能休息一天该多好哇！____________________________________!⑵要是他现在在这里该多好呀！_______________________________!⑶要是他没有坐那趟车就好了！2.原句: Abruptly she sat down，only to be scooped up by her laughing，shouting sister，Luna.(P43)突然间她坐了下去，但又被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来。
句型：only to do/be(结果)却……说明：句中不定式短语用作结果状语，表示意料之外或不符合说话人期望的结果。
这种结构也常常在不定式前加上only来强调惊讶与失望。
仿写：用以上句型将下列句子译成英文。
⑴他匆忙赶到火车站时，火车却走了。
He hurried to the station，______________________________________________.⑵李夫人赶紧跑回家结果发现她家的厨房着火了。