c_实现excel数据高效导入到sql数据库

c#实现excel数据高效导入到sql数据库本文来自: IT知道网() 详细出处参考：/html/net/c/20081210/3092.html本文实现在c#中可高效的将excel数据导入到sqlserver数据库中,很多人通过循环来拼接sql，这样做不但容易出错而且效率低下，最好的办法是使用bcp，也就是System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy 类来实现。

不但速度快，而且代码简单，下面测试代码导入一个6万多条数据的sheet，包括读取（全部读取比较慢）在我的开发环境中只需要10秒左右，而真正的导入过程只需要4.5秒。

using System;using System.Data;using System.Windows.Forms;using System.Data.OleDb;namespace WindowsApplication2{public partial class Form1 : Form{public Form1(){InitializeComponent();}private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){//测试，将excel中的sheet1导入到sqlserver中string connString = "server=localhost;uid=sa;pwd=sqlgis;database=master";System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog fd = new OpenFileDialog();if (fd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK){TransferData(fd.FileName, "sheet1", connString);}}public void TransferData(string excelFile, string sheetName, string connectionString){DataSet ds = new DataSet();try{//获取全部数据string strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Ace.12.0.OLEDB.12.0;" + "Data Source=" + excelFile + ";" + "Extended Properties=Excel 12.0;";OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strConn);conn.Open();string strExcel = "";OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = null;strExcel = string.Format("select * from [{0}$]", sheetName);myCommand = new OleDbDataAdapter(strExcel, strConn);myCommand.Fill(ds, sheetName);//如果目标表不存在则创建string strSql = string.Format("if object_id('{0}') is null createtable {0}(", sheetName);foreach (System.Data.DataColumn c in ds.Tables[0].Columns){strSql += string.Format("[{0}] varchar(255),", c.ColumnName);}strSql = strSql.Trim(',') + ")";using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection sqlconn = newSystem.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection(connectionString)){sqlconn.Open();System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand command =sqlconn.CreateCommand();mandText = strSql;command.ExecuteNonQuery();sqlconn.Close();}//用bcp导入数据using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy bcp = newSystem.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy(connectionString)){bcp.SqlRowsCopied += newSystem.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEventHandler(bcp_SqlRowsCopied);bcp.BatchSize = 100;//每次传输的行数bcp.NotifyAfter = 100;//进度提示的行数bcp.DestinationTableName = sheetName;//目标表bcp.WriteToServer(ds.Tables[0]);}}catch (Exception ex){System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);}}//进度显示void bcp_SqlRowsCopied(object sender, ystem.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEventArgs e){this.Text = e.RowsCopied.ToString();this.Update();}}}using System;using System.Data;using System.Windows.Forms;using System.Data.OleDb;namespace WindowsApplication2{public partial class Form1 : Form{public Form1(){InitializeComponent();}private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){//测试，将excel中的sheet1导入到sqlserver中string connString = "server=localhost;uid=sa;pwd=sqlgis;database=master";System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog fd = new OpenFileDialog();if (fd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK){TransferData(fd.FileName, "sheet1", connString);}}public void TransferData(string excelFile, string sheetName, string connectionString){DataSet ds = new DataSet();try{//获取全部数据string strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + excelFile + ";" + "Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strConn);conn.Open();string strExcel = "";OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = null;strExcel = string.Format("select * from [{0}$]", sheetName);myCommand = new OleDbDataAdapter(strExcel, strConn);myCommand.Fill(ds, sheetName);//如果目标表不存在则创建string strSql = string.Format("if object_id('{0}') is null create table {0}(", sheetName);foreach (System.Data.DataColumn c in ds.Tables[0].Columns){strSql += string.Format("[{0}] varchar(255),", c.ColumnName);}strSql = strSql.Trim(',') + ")";using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection sqlconn = newSystem.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection(connectionString)){sqlconn.Open();System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand command =sqlconn.CreateCommand();mandText = strSql;command.ExecuteNonQuery();sqlconn.Close();}//用bcp导入数据using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy bcp = newSystem.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy(connectionString)){bcp.SqlRowsCopied += newSystem.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEventHandler(bcp_SqlRowsCopied);bcp.BatchSize = 100;//每次传输的行数bcp.NotifyAfter = 100;//进度提示的行数bcp.DestinationTableName = sheetName;//目标表bcp.WriteToServer(ds.Tables[0]);}}catch (Exception ex){System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);}}//进度显示void bcp_SqlRowsCopied(object sender,System.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEventArgs e){this.Text = e.RowsCopied.ToString();this.Update();}}} 上面的TransferData基本可以直接使用，如果要考虑周全的话，可以用oledb来获取excel 的表结构，并且加入ColumnMappings来设置对照字段，这样效果就完全可以做到和sqlserver 的dts相同的效果了。