轮机英语
【英语角】轮机英语词汇
【英语角】轮机英语词汇rotational speed：转速capacity: 功率steam turbine: 蒸汽轮机gas turbine: 燃气轮机speed reduction ratio: 减速比displacement: 排量flexible coupling: 柔性联轴节maintenance interval：检修周期gasoline engine：汽油机draft：吃水线torsional vibration damper: 减振器torque：扭矩prime mover：原动机be aligned with: 与…对中alignment：对中thermal efficiency：热效率loop scavenge：回流扫气cross scavenge：横流扫气uniflow scavenge：直流扫气supercharge：增压tappet clearance：挺杆间隙spark plug：火花塞indicator diagram：示功图indicator cards：示功图mechanical efficiency：机械效率compressed air: 压缩空气coolant：冷却剂occur：发生spray of fuel: 雾状燃油，油雾timing: 定时foul: 使…脏污fouling：污垢，脏污stuffing box：填料函，填料箱atmospheric pressure：大气压camshaft：凸轮轴cam：凸轮internal combustion engine：内燃机MIP（mean indicated pressure）：平均指示压力combustion chamber：燃烧室compression ratio：压缩比cylinder bore: 缸径overlap：重叠cross-head pin：十字头销bearing shell：轴瓦drill：钻孔，钻井，演习angle：角度expose：暴露，打开cycle：工作循环uncover：打开descending piston：下行的活塞value：值，数值decrease：降低，下降increase：上升，增加governor：调速器governor weight：调速器的飞重fuel injection：燃油喷射，喷油reliability：可靠性stroke coefficient：冲程系数give off：释放，放出naturally aspirated：自然吸气的，自然换气的admit：准许进入intake valve：进气阀linear motion：直线运动rotary motion：回转运动atomization：雾化cylinder firing pressure：气缸的爆炸压力be subjected to: 受到，遭受，承受ignition lag：滞燃期ignition delay period：滞燃期degree：程度，学位back pressure：背压thermal energy：热能mechanical energy: 机械能clockwise：顺时针地turbocharger：涡轮增压器brake horsepower：制动马力friction：摩擦single acting：单作用式的blow down：排气mixing：混合的mixture: 混合物advantage：优势，优点disadvantage：劣势，缺点compare：对比rocker arm：摇臂foundation：基础support：支撑，支持maintenance access：维修通道doors：道门in-line engine：直列式柴油机Vee engine：V型柴油机connecting rod large end bearing：连杆大端轴承connecting rod small end bearing：连杆小端轴承cast iron：铸铁cast steel：铸钢scavenging air box：扫气箱inertia：惯性thermal expansion：热膨胀aluminum：铝，铝的bronze：铜的mount：安装bolt：螺栓，用螺栓固定cross girder：横梁longitudinal girder：纵梁heat energy：热能float：漂浮，浮动piston skirt：活塞裙gudgeon pin：活塞销spur gear：正齿轮camshaft gear train：凸轮轴齿轮系starting air valve：空气启动阀side-chock bolt：侧楔形螺栓end-chock bolt：端楔形螺栓distance piece：调隙片compression plate：压缩片compression ratio：压缩比bearing housing：轴承座bearing cap：轴承盖bearing bush:轴瓦trunk piston：筒状活塞axial：轴向的stud：双头螺栓nut: 螺母enclose：密闭，密封guide：引导，导板tie rod=tie bolt=through bolt：贯穿螺栓entablature：机架column：机架cylinder block：气缸体external：外部的，外面的internal：内部的，里面的running-in period：磨合期load：负载，负荷，装载bearing wear：轴承磨损replace：替换，代替replacement：替换，代替clearance：间隙gap：间距tolerance：公差carrier ring：承磨环machine：机器，机械，加工machinery：机械（总称）machined：加工的，车削的ridge：凸台，凸肩groove：凹槽invariably：总是，一直forge：锻造forged：锻造的worn out：磨损的shim：垫片crank web：曲柄臂crank throw: 曲柄臂，曲拐crankpin：曲柄销crankcase：曲柄箱spring：弹簧，春天heat-resistant steel：耐热钢wearing resistance：抗磨，耐磨journal 轴颈sealing ring：密封环scraper ring：刮油环fuel valve：油头lubricator:注油器chromium-plated：镀铬的cylinder wall：汽缸壁lift out：吊出（活塞）piston ring belt: 活塞环区域cooling jacket：冷却水套balance：使…平衡shim：垫片thick：厚的thin：薄的thickness：厚度deformation：变形double bottom：双层底location：位置，定位locate：位于length: 长度width:宽度height：高度circular space：环形空间assemble：组装disassemble：拆卸assembly：组件fore and aft：前后semi-built：半组合式的transmit：传递，传送bending stress：弯曲应力torsion stress：扭曲应力shear stress：剪切应力turning gear：盘车机fitted bolt：拂配螺栓white metal：白合金horizontally：水平地be fitted with：装有，带有be provided with：装有，带有be equipped with装有，带有circumference [s?'k?mf?r?ns]: 圆周，周长nip：过盈压隙crush：过盈joint face：连接面，结合面diameter：直径oil distributor ring：布油环scraper ring：刮油环oil control ring：刮油环protective layer：保护层lining：衬有，内衬copper-lead alloy：铜铅合金aluminum-tin alloy：铝锡合金thin-walled：薄壁的flame hardened：淬火处理的shipchandler：船舶供应商bore：孔，镗孔thermal stress：热应力compressive stress：压应力forced lubrication system：强制润滑系统output：功率，输出cooling chamber：冷却腔crosshead shoes：十字头滑块slipper：滑块guide shoes：滑块dowel pin：定位销machine-turned：车削的projection：凸台vertical flange：垂直法兰coil spring：圈簧surface：表面slopping surface：倾斜表面sliding bearing：滑动轴承sludge：油渣main propulsion diesel engine：主推进柴油机tension：张力under tension：承受张力heater：加热器electric heater：电加热器timing gear：定时齿轮chain drives：链条驱动机构coincide with：重叠，一致center of gravity：重心statically balanced：静平衡wrist pin：活塞销heat conductivity：导热性oil film：油膜excess：过多的excessive：过多的，过大的rigid：结实的，坚实的transverse girder：横梁jack bolt：撑杆螺栓tap-bolt：锥头螺栓solid forged：整体锻造的solid bearing：整体式轴承polish：抛光telescopic pipe：伸缩管sag：下垂sagging：下沉量component：部件corrosion resistant：耐腐蚀的flame screen：防火网罩watertight compartment：水密舱taper：锥形的，逐渐减小的insert：插入：插件stationary part：固定部件statically balanced：静平衡dynamically balanced：动平衡turbulence：涡流flywheel：飞轮kinetic energy：动能fluctuation：波动valve stem：阀杆valve head：阀头valve cage：阀壳heat dissipation：散热water seal：水封wet liner：湿式缸套dry liner：干式缸套test cock：示功考克gasket：垫片knurling：滚花sodium：钠cold clearance：冷态间隙thrust：推力side thrust：侧推力manifold：总管bundle：管束overload：过载plasma coated：等离子涂层的oil sump：油底壳treat：处理，对待treatment：处理advanced firing：早燃retarded firing：后燃，发火滞后air venting arrangement：放气装置prime：灌注，注油priming：灌注priming pump：引液泵fuel supply passage：供油管路viscosity regulator：粘度调节器lifting check：起阀压力试验fuel main：总管plunger：柱塞spindle：针阀available：可用的，可得到的manoeuvring condition：机动操纵状态specification：规格grade:规格specific gravity：比重specify：规定service tank：日用柜day tank：日用柜port：港口，开口pressurize：加压injector nozzle：喷油嘴clog：堵塞particle：颗粒，颗粒状index：刻度，指数reading：读数rack：齿条rack and pinion arrangement：齿条/齿轮装置transfer pump：驳运泵bunker tank：燃油舱banker list：加油单have much to do with：与…..有很大的关系have nothing to do with：与…..没有关系quality：质量quantity：数量earlier ignition：发火提早stick open：保持开启状态oil sump：油底壳settling tank：沉淀柜droplet：水珠，油滴strainer：粗滤器fine filter：细滤器at interval：定期地prevent from doing sth.:防止做某事set：设定setting：设定量，设定值preset：预先设定buffer tank：缓冲柜balance tank：平衡柜（集油柜）service tank：日用柜cleared of：排除，清除barrel：套筒sleeve：套筒pipe：管子duct：管道，导管hose：软管flash point：闪点overflow：溢出（满了溢出）spill：溢油full ahead：全速前进fuel consumption：燃油消耗save：挽救，救生，节省economical speed：经济转速purify：分离，清洁purifier：分水机clarifier：分杂机foreign matter：杂质follower：滚轮calorific value：发热值pour point：倾点diameter：直径original：原来的，开始的vibration：振动penetration of fuel：燃油穿透penetration：穿透力distribution of fuel：燃油分布minimize：使….最小化maximize：使…..最大化shut down：关闭，切断cut off：终止，关闭check valve：止回阀jerk pump：喷射泵meter：计量，测量，米proper metering：精确计量parameter：参数size：尺寸carbon accumulation：结炭flow rate：流速break up：分裂，破裂，分手manufacture：制造商precaution：预防措施contamination：污染，脏污cetane rating：十六烷值cetane number：十六烷值secure the fuel supply：切断燃油供应take place：发生，开始commence：发生，开始slope：斜面spill port：回流孔，溢流孔build up：建立，积聚helix：螺旋槽MCR：最大持续功率base circle：基圆sulfur：硫water vapor：水蒸汽acid：酸，酸的malfunction：故障ash：灰duplex pressure gage：双联压力表thermostatic：恒温的needle valve：针阀differential needle valve：差压式针阀constant volume：定容constant pressure：定压unit injector：单体式喷油器misfiring：不发火vanadium：钒sodium：钠indicate：显示，表示contribute to：有利于，导致block：堵塞compressibility:压缩性remove：清除，去除sounding tube：深管sounding rod：量油杆oil impingement：注油cavitation （erosion）:气穴，汽蚀booster pump：增压泵 salt water：海水raw water：海水air cooler：空冷器make up：补充，补给distilled water：蒸馏水in contact with：与….接触facilitate：有利于，促进prior to：在….之前acid solution strength：酸性强度lime：石灰，氧化钙get rid of：去除，排除，摆脱release：释放mechanical property：机械性能expansion tank：膨胀水箱head tank：高置（膨胀）水箱coolant：冷却剂inoperative：不运转的，不运行的frost：结霜individual：单独的，独立的deposit：沉积物，沉淀物scale：水垢rust：生锈，铁锈dividing wall：分隔板overheat：过热explosion：爆炸chemical addition：投药，添加化学品additive：添加剂steam coil：蒸汽盘管anti-corrosion oil：防锈油inorganic inhibitor：无机缓蚀剂corrosion inhibitor：抗腐蚀剂regulate：调节modulate：调节head：压头volume：体积，容积closed cooling system：闭式冷却系统a portion of：一部分heat exchanger：换热器slightly：轻微的，轻度的nozzle holder：喷嘴座crack：裂纹suspect：怀疑baffle plate：挡板sacrificial zinc：保护性锌块soluble oil：可溶性油thermometer：温度计obstruct：堵塞，阻塞impeller：叶轮fin：翅片alarm：报警，警报器activate：激发，动作housing：壳体concentric：同心的bi-directional operation：双向运行compensating tank：补偿水箱（膨胀水箱）salinity：盐分，盐度alternative：选择，替代deaerating tank：除气柜three-way valve：三通阀flush：吹洗，冲洗oil barge：油驳interlocking device：连锁装置reversing：换向pilot air：控制空气，先导空气air distributor：空气分配器fusible plug：易熔塞guard against：防止air reservoir=air bottle=air receiver：空气瓶pneumatic control system：气动控制系统pneumatic tool：气动工具drain cock：放残考克blade：叶片turbine：透平remote valve：遥控阀air startlever：空气启动手柄instrument：仪表humidity：水分starting air distributor：启动空气分配器sufficient：充足的，足够的consecutive start：连续启动knocking sound：敲缸condensate：凝水condensation：冷凝run roughly：运转不平稳delay：推迟，延迟clearance volume：余隙容积two stage compressor：两级空气压缩机intercooler：中间冷却器，中冷器aftercooler：后冷器airborne：空气中携带的valve plate:阀片valve strip：阀片valve face：阀面valve seat：阀座volumetric efficiency：容积效率LP cylinder：低压缸HP cylinder：高压缸trip：跳闸overload relay：过载继电器dew point：露点splash lubrication：飞溅润滑water hammer：水击air delivery line：排出管路non-return valve：止回阀，单向阀carbonization：碳化throttling：节流solenoid：电磁的idle speed：怠速storage tank：储存柜neutralize：中和neutralization number：中和值alkalinity：碱detergency：清洁剂fundamental：基本的guard against：防止stern-tube bearing：尾轴承lignum vitae：铁梨木emulsion oil：乳化油，乳化防锈油sodium nitrite：硝酸钠additive：添加剂approved：认可的galvanize：镀锌investigation：调查gas seal 气封pot-shaped piston：筒状活塞analyze：分析total loss system：全消耗系统recirculation system：循环系统renew：更新，换新renewal：更新，换新static head：静压头in duplicate：一式两份，一式两台carry away：带走magnetic filter：磁性滤器blow out：吹洗in that：在于，因为former：前者latter：后者forced lubrication system：强制润滑系统employ：采用，使用，利用，雇佣hydrostatic lubrication：液体静力润滑impurity：杂质to a great extent：在很大程度上deterioration：恶化heat transfer：传热wear detritus：磨屑trouble-free life：无故障寿命dilute：冲淡，稀释，降低mist detector：油雾检测器monitor：检测，监控duplex filter：双联式滤器audible/visual alarm：声光报警shaker：振荡scuffing：划伤remain：保持remaining：剩余的retain：保留clogged：堵塞的hard varnish：硬的清漆pitting：点蚀oxidize：氧化carbon deposit：积碳detergent oil：净化油orifice：油孔diffuser：扩压器constant-pressure：定压增压pulse pressure：脉冲增压angle：角度，成….角度smoky exhaust：排气冒黑烟opposite：相反的，相对的supercharging：增压make use of：利用blower：鼓风机turboblower：涡轮增压器adjacent：相邻的in comparison to：与…相比compared to：与…相比fabricated：锻造的swirl：旋转rated speed：额定速度rated load：额定负载oxygen：氧气oxidize：使…氧化average：平均的velocity：速度directly proportional to：成正比characteristic：特点in conjunction with：和….一起performance：性能utilize：利用，使用furnish：提供muffle：消音，降低gas exchange：换气lose power：损失功率loss of pressure：失压take out=disengage:脱开put in=engage：合上FWE=finished with engine：完车give a trial：试车ahead and astern: 正倒车packing box：填料箱overhaul：大修stall：停止，停车enlarge：扩大，变大abnormal：不正常on no account：绝不，不可以seizure：卡住，咬缸gradually：逐渐地，逐步地remedy：补救，补修metalock：金属扣合法warm up:加温，暖机unless：除非surge：喘振spark：火星paint：油漆blistering：起泡peeling：剥落withdraw：取出routine 日常的，周期性的whilst=while：当…时候eliminate：消除，清除ambient temperature：环境温度regarding：关于with regard to：关于，对于….来说ventilation：通风vacuum：真空risk：风险，危险hazard：危险head wind：顶风heavy sea：风浪大combustion knock：燃烧过程粗暴wheelhouse：驾驶台contaminant：杂质，污染物cease：停止defect：损坏，缺陷sensor：传感器dead slow ahead：微速前进distribution：分配，布置，配电idle：闲置的guarantee：保证，确保pressure-volume diagram：压容图jerk pump：脉动泵，急拉式泵by-product：副产品erosion：剥蚀spark arrestor：火花消除器navigation：航行score：划痕scratch：刮痕abrasive particle：磨蚀颗粒pyrometer：高温计（测量排烟温度）manometer：压力计pressure gauge：压力表dial indicator：千分表，量缸表micrometer：千分表feeler：塞尺straight edge：直尺bridge gauge：桥规（轴颈下沉量，较小的主轴承磨损）blow-by：漏气break-in period：磨合期hone：搪磨detuner：减震器verify：检查，证实underway：航行时at partial load：部分负载localized：局部的local：当地的，机旁的file：锉blank off：堵死rotor：转子metal scraper：金属刮刀wrench：扳手moisture：水分muffler=silencer：消音器switch on：接通absolute pressure：绝对压力（=表压力+大气压力）air blast pump：抽气泵quay：码头direction handle：换向手柄coke deposit：积碳asphalt：沥青boss：桨毂hub：桨毂，轮毂variable pitch propeller：调距桨controllable pitch propeller：调距桨constant pitch propeller：定距桨fixed pitch propeller：定距桨tail shaft：尾轴intermediate shaft、；中间轴mass：重量in turn：依次，循序thrust block：推力块thrust pad：推力块reversing gear：换向装置axial movement：轴向运动solid propeller：整体式螺旋桨stem：船尾astern：船尾bow：艏，船头apparent slip：滑失比helix：螺旋线helicoidal：螺旋面，螺旋状的uniform pitch：定螺距non-uniform pitch：不定螺距pitch ratio：螺距比rubber：橡胶sterntube bearing：尾轴管轴承common rail system：共轨燃油系统VIT= variable injection timing: 可喷油定时森海海事服务。
轮机英语课文
Lesson 1HOW DOES A MARINE DIESEL ENGINE WORK?The diesel engine is a type of internal combustion engine which ignites the fuel by injecting it into hot, high pressure air in a combustion chamber. The marine diesel engine is a type of diesel engine used on ships. The principle of its operation is as follows:A charge of fresh air is drawn or pumped into the engine cylinder and then compressed by the moving piston to very high pressure.When the air is compressed, its temperature rises so that it ignites the fine spray of fuel injected into the cylinder. The burning of the fuel adds more heat to the air charge, causing it to expand and force the engine piston to do work on the crankshaft which in turn drives the ship's propeller.The operation between two injections is called a cycle, which consists of a fixed sequence of events. This cycle may be achieved either in four strokes or two. In a four-stroke diesel engine, the cycle requires four separate strokes of the piston, i.e. suction, compression, expansion and exhaust. If we combine the suction and exhaust operations with the compression and expansion strokes, the four-stroke engine will be turned into a two-stroke one, as is shown in Figures l (a)-(d).The two-stroke cycle begins with the piston coming up from the bottom of its stroke, i.e. bottom dead centre (BDT), with the air inlet ports or scavenge ports in the sides of the cylinder being opened (Fig. 1 (a)). The exhaust ports are uncovered also. Pressurised fresh air charges into the cylinder, blowing out any residual exhaust gases from the last stroke through the exhaust ports.As the piston moves about one fifth of the way up, it closes the inlet ports and the exhaust ports. The air is then compressed as the piston moves up (Fig. 1 (b)).When the piston reaches the top of its stroke, i.e. the top dead center (TDC), both the pressure and the temperature of the air rise to very high values. The fuel injector injects a fine spray of fuel oil into the hot air and combustion takes place, producing much higher pressure in the gases.The piston is forced downward as the high pressure gases expand (Fig. 1 (c)) until it uncovers the exhaust ports. The burnt gases begin to exhaust (Fig. 1(d)) and the piston continues down until it opens the inlet ports. Then another cycle begins.In the two-stroke engine, each revolution of the crankshaft makes one power or working stroke, while in the four-stroke engine, it takes two revolutions to make one power stroke. That is why a two stroke cycle engine will theoretically develop twice the power of a four stroke engine of the same size. Inefficient scavenging and other losses, however, reduce the power advantage to about 1.8.Each type of engine has its application on board ship. The low speed (i.e. 90 to 120 r/min) main propulsion diesel operates on the two-stroke cycle. At this low speed the engine requires no reduction gearbox between it and propeller. The four-stroke engine (usually rotating at medium speed, between 250 to 750 r/min) is used for alternators and sometimes for main propulsion with a gearbox to provide a propeller speed of between 90 to 120 r/min.READING MATERIALWORKING CYCLESA diesel engine may be designed to work on the two-stroke or on the four-stroke cycle. Both of them are explained below.The Four-Stroke CycleFigure 2 shows diagrammatically the sequence of events throughout the typical four-stroke cycle of two revolutions. It is usual to draw such diagrams starting at TDC (firing) but the explanation will start at TDC (scavenge). Top dead centre is some times referred to as inner dead centre (IDC).Proceeding clockwise round the diagram, both inlet (or suction) and exhaust valves are initially open. (All modern four-stroke engines have poppet valves.) If the engine is naturally aspirated, or is a small high-speed type with a centrifugal turbocharger, the period of valve overlap, i.e. when both valves are open, will be short, and the exhaust valve will close some 10o after top dead centre (ATDC).Propulsion engines and the vast majority of auxiliary generator engines running at speeds below 1,000 r/min will almost certainly be turbocharged and will be designed to allow a generous throughflow of scavenge air at this point in order to control the turbine blade temperature. In this case the exhaust valve will remain open until exhaust valve closure (EVC) at 50-60o ATDC. As the piston descends to outer or bottom dead centre (BDC) on the suction stroke, it will inhale a fresh charge of air. To maximise this, balancing the reduced opening as the valve seats against the slight ram or inertia effect of the incoming charge, the inlet (suction) valve will normally held open until about 25-35o ABTC (145-155o BTDG). This event is called inlet valve closure (IVC). The charge is then compressed by the rising piston until it has attained a temperature of some 550o C. At about 10-20o BTDC (firing), depending on the type and speed of the engine, the injector admits finely atomised fuel which ignites within 2-7o (depending on the type again) and the fuel burns over a period of 30-50o, while the piston begins to descend on the expansion stroke, the piston movement usually helping to induce air movement to assist combustion.At about 120-150o ATDC the exhaust valve opens (EVO), the timing being chosen to promote a very rapid blow-down of the cylinder gases to exhaust. This is done: (a) to preserve as much energy as is practicable to drive the turbocharger, and (b) to reduce the cylinder pressure to a minimum by BDC to reduce pumping work on the 'exhaust' stroke. The rising piston expels the remaining exhaust gas and at about 70-80o BTDC the inlet valve opens (IVO) so that the inertia of the outflowing gas, plus the positive pressure difference, which usually exists across the cylinder by now, produces a through flow of air to the exhaust to ’scavenge’ the cylinder.If the engine is naturally aspirated the IVO is about 10o BTIDC. The cycle now repeats.The Two-Stroke CycleFigure 3 shows the sequence of events in a typical two-stroke cycle, which, as the name implies, is accomplished in one complete revolution of the crank. Two-stroke engines invariably have ports to admit air when uncovered by the descending piston. The exhaust may be via ports adjacent to the air ports and controlled by the same piston (loop scavenge) or via poppet exhaust valves at the other end of the cylinder (uniflow scavenge).Starting at TDC combustion is already under the way and the exhaust opens (EO) at 110-120o ATDC to promote a rapid blow-down before the inlet opens (IO) about 20-30o later (130-150o ATDC). In this way the inertia of the exhaust gases-- moving at about the speed of sound-- iscontrived to encourage the incoming air to flow quickly through the cylinder with a minimum of mixing, because any unexpelled exhaust gas detracts from the weight air entrained for the next stroke.The exhaust should close before the inlet on the compression stroke to maximise the charge, but the geometry of the engine may prevent this if the two events are piston controlled. It can be done in an engine with exhaust valves.At all events the inlet ports will be closed as many degrees ABDC as opened before it (i.e. again 130-150o BTDC) and the exhaust in the same region.Injection commences at about 10-20o BTDC depending on speed and combustion lasts 30-50o, as with the four-stroke.。
轮机英语单词
轮机英语单词单词词性解释marine a.海运的，船用的diesel n.柴油，柴油机internal a.内部的combustion n.燃烧ignite v.点燃inject v.喷射chamber n.腔，室principle n.原理，原则operation n.工作，操作，运转，进程charge v.n.装，充；充填物fresh a.新鲜的，淡（水）的draw v.抽吸cylinder n.气缸compress v.压缩piston n.活塞fine a.细小的，好的spray v.n.喷雾；（水，油）雾burn v.燃烧rotate v.旋转，回转medium a.n.中间的；介质alternator n.交流发电机in turn 依次，轮流变成turn into 变成event n.事件，过程stroke n.冲程，行程separate (from )v.分离，分开exhaust v.n.排出，耗尽，排气，废弃combine (with )v.结合，联合inlet n.进入，入口scavenge v.n.扫除；吹出blow v.吹，鼓风residual a.剩余的，残留的value n.价值，数值injector n.喷射器，喷油器continue v.继续（进行）revolution n.转theoretically ad.理论上地inefficient a.效率低的，无效的advantage n.优势，优点，长处application n.应用propulsion n.推进（装置）cause v.n.引起；原因force v.迫使crankshaft n.曲轴propeller n.螺旋桨，推进器cycle n.循环consist (of) v.由···组成fix v.固定sequence n.顺序，系列bottom dead center (BDC)下止点top dead center (TDC)上止点on board ship 在船上r/min转/分reduction gear box 减速齿轮箱explain v.解说，说明typical a.典型的proceed v.进行clockwise ad.顺时针方向poppet n.提升natural ad.自然地aspirate v.吸入，吸出centripetal a.向心的turbocharger n.涡轮增压器overlap n.v.重叠，交搭propulsion n.推进vast a.大量的，巨大的majority n.多数，大多数auxiliary a.辅助的generator n.发电机turbocharge v.涡轮增压generous a.丰富的，充分的throughflow n.进流量，贯穿气流closure n.关闭descend v.下降，下行inhale v.吸入maximise v.把···增加到最大量slight ram v.进气阀座blow-down 排出，下降attain v.达到，到达injector n.喷油器atomised a.雾化的induce v.引起，招致timing n.定时promote v.促进，加速，引起preserve v.保留expel v.排出，驱逐remain v.剩下，残存plus prep.加上positive a.正的imply v.暗示accomplish v.完成crank n.曲柄via ad.经由，通过adjacent a.邻近的sound n.声音contrive v.设计，设法encourage v.促使mixing n.混合unexpected a.为排出的detract v.降低，损伤entrain v.吸入prevent v.阻碍，防止retard v.推迟，延迟balance v.平衡，抵消inertia n.惯性loop scavenge 回流扫气uniflow scavenge直流扫气construction n.结构bedplate n.机座frame n.机架weld n.焊接bolt n.v.螺栓；用螺栓固定seating n.座，底座liner n.（气缸）衬套extend v.延长，伸长slot n.v.槽，缝，开槽opening n,开口height n.高度secure v.固定transverse a.横向的chock n.侧块，楔形块longitudinal a.纵向的rest v.放置，坐落bearing n.轴承cross a.v.十字的，较差的；交叉，横过stud n.双头螺栓cap n.盖，帽thrust n.推，推理block n.快，体locate v.位于，查出，查找，至于某位integra a.整体的flat a.平的surface n.表面mount v.安装section n.段，表面camshaft n.凸轮轴enclose v.包围，封闭casing n.箱，外壳jacket n.夹层，水套vertical a.垂直的flange n.法兰，翻边foremost a.最前的expose v.暴露，露出edge n.边缘drill v.钻孔rotary a.旋转的guide n.v.导板，导向器；导向，引导insert v.插入groove n.槽，沟turn v.车削，转动conical a.锥形的screw n.v.螺钉；用螺钉固定，拧入indicator n.示功器cock n.旋塞double a.双层的cast iron 铸铁chain transmission 链条传动（机构）chromium n.镀铬machine-turned 车削的，车制的approx ad.大约heat-resistant 耐热的single a.单一的reversible a.可倒转的，可换向的individual a.个别的，各个的girder n.梁，框架semi-built a.半总成式的fabricate v.制造，构造，构成entablature n.支柱，构架rigid a.牢固的，刚性的resist v.承受，阻挡bending n.弯曲keep n.上轴瓦，压盖jackbolt n.（液压）撑杆螺栓withstand v.承受crankweb n.曲柄臂piece n.（一）片（张，块）contain v.包含，包括constant a.恒定的loop n.环，环路employ v.采用，雇用electrically ad.电动地automatically ad.自动地auxiliary a.辅助的blower n.鼓风机manoeuvre n.v.机动（操作）articulate v.连接液压的hydraulic a.调速器governor n.增压increase v.特点，性能feature n.循环circulate v.容器，集装箱substantial a.坚固的surmount v.安在···屋顶rigid a.刚硬的，刚性的pocket n.窝，腔cage n.阀腔stiff a.硬的intensively ad.强烈地nimonic n.a.镍铬钛合金/尼孟合金（的）alloy n.合金spindle n.心轴，细长杆（轴）actuator n.驱动器，执行器crown n.冠，活塞头shaker n.振荡器，摇杆jet n.射流，喷嘴propel v.推进，驱使swing v.摇摆slim a.细薄的servomotor n.伺服器，伺服马达distributor n.分配器symmetrically ad.对称地supplement v.补充recess n.凹槽，凹缝，凹入出dowel n.销钉pin n.销子caulk v.敛（铆）缝，嵌塞topmost ad.最上部narrow a.狭窄的diagonal a.对角的，斜的overlap v.n.重叠，搭接joint n.v.接合，接头distributor n.分配器slightly ad.轻微地round a.v.圆的；使成圆形film n.（油）膜period n.期间opposite prep.在···对面，与···相对diameter n.直径annular a.环形的ensure v.保证，担保assembly n.组件，组装component n.部件journal n.轴颈shoe v.滑靴，滑块horizontally ad.水平地adequate a.足够的，充分的admit v.允许进入，导入duct n.管道scraper n.刮子，刮油器shim n.垫片，调整片thickness n.厚度adjustment n.调整，调节clearance n.间隙appropriate a.适当的channel n.通道crankpin n.曲柄销forge v.锻造shrink v.红套displace v.错位，变位carrier ring 承磨环built-in 内装的，机内的，固定的tap-bolt 锥体螺栓white metal 白合金telescopic pipe 伸缩管，拉管fitted bolt 拂配螺栓series n.系列consist of 组成transverse a.横向的attachment n.连接，固定integrally ad.整体地casing n.箱，壳体incorporate v.结合，包括deformation n.变形transmit v.传递guide way n.导板seal n.v.铅封；密封individual a.单体的casting n.铸件thermal a.热（力）的stress n.应力stud n.双头螺栓constrain v.约束，抑制hydraulically ad.液压的preload v.预（力）载collar n.环，凸缘train n.轮系bronze n.青铜harden v.淬火，硬化hydrostatic a.流体静力的oscillating a.震动，震荡，摆动diffuser n.扩压器facilitate v.有利于M.E.P平均有效压力pulse n.脉冲slight a.轻微的cast n.铸件diaphram n.膜片，隔板forge v.锻造chrome n.铬molybdenum n.钼inconel n.铬镍铁合金attach v.附着isostatic a.均衡的austenitic a.奥氏体的helix n.螺旋，螺旋物barrel n.桶astern ad.在船尾torsional a.扭转的inertia n.惯性，惯量variation n.变化，改变radiate v.辐射，放射viscous a.粘性的，粘滞的accessible a.易接近的，可到达的kit n.成套工具，工具箱survive v.存在，生存strength n.强度specific a.明确的，详细而精确的reject to 丢弃，排向···atmosphere n.大气entrian v.以气泡状态存在volume n.量minimise v.将···减到最少cavitation n.气穴，汽蚀proportion n.比例，部分hopper n.带支架的观察（镜，表）tundish n.漏斗visual a.看的，视觉的trumpet n.喇叭nozzle n.管口，喷嘴corrosion n.腐蚀，锈overboard ad.向舷外merely ad.仅仅，只不过contact with 与···接触conveniently ad.方便地distil(l)v.蒸馏mineral a.矿物的inexpensive a.便宜的，低廉的coolant n.冷却剂viscosity n.粘度deposit n.v.沉淀，淤积obstruct v.阻塞，阻碍contaminate v.污染，弄脏replenish v.补充，再装满inoperative a.不工作的scale n.水垢dilute a.稀释的，淡的solution n.溶液emission n.散发物immerse v.使浸入occasionally ad.偶尔，不经常bucket n.桶compartment n.舱室ventilate v.通风lime n.石灰simplify v.简化renewal n.换新oxidation n.氧化complexity n.复杂化neutralise v.中和soda n.碳酸（氢）纳，苏打evaporate v.蒸发，汽化acidic a.酸性的inorganic a.无机（物）的inhibitor n.防锈剂，缓蚀剂emulsion n.乳化液impair v.削弱，减少，障碍sodium n.钠layer n.层nitrite n.亚硝酸盐approved a.已证明（有效）的galvanise v.镀锌solder v.低温焊，堆焊chromate n.铬酸盐deprive v.丧失encounter v.遭遇，遇到dismantle v.拆卸benificial a.有力的，有益的hydrochloric acid 盐酸manifold n.总管e.p. agents 抗浮化剂V.I. improver 粘度指数改进剂maintenance n.维护，保养select n.选择among prep.在···之中affect v.影响viscosity n.粘度cetane n.十六烷calorific a.热（量)的，发热的sulphur n.酸residue n.残渣，残留物formation n.形成product n.产品，产物flash v.n.闪光；闪亮gravity n.重力content n.内容，含量impurity n.杂质depend v.取决于，依靠residual a.残余的available a.可利用的，可获得的embody v.包括（含）有，使具体化entirely ad.完全地，完整地bunker n.燃料舱distribute v.分配various a.各式各样的，多种多样的lag v.包绕外层防护套bunk v.油舱duplex a.双联的，双倍的strainer a.粗滤器storage n.储存remainder n.剩余，余额sediment n.沉淀物buffer n.缓冲器，贮存装置spill v.溢流regulator n.调节器climatic a.气候的，天气的permit v.允许meter v.计量mechanism n.机械机构plunger n.柱塞barrel n.桶，套筒sufficiently ad.充分地，足够地atomize v.将···喷成雾状complexity n.复杂，复杂性deposit n.沉积物specification n.规格，说明vanadium n.钒sodium n.钠asphaltene n.沥青（烯），沥青质precipitate v.使沉淀，沉淀物aluminum n.铝abrasive a.有磨蚀的particle n.颗粒silicon n.硅oxide n.氧化物nozzle n.喷嘴catalytic a.催化的clover n.三叶草，苜蓿dual a.双重的purpose n.目的，意图caralyst n.催化剂efficiency n.效率polymerization n.聚合作用dispersant n.分散剂acid n.酸uptake n.烟道inhibit v.约束，抑制alternative a.两者选一的tarry a.n.焦油的，煤焦质carbonaceous a.碳的，碳质的，含碳的sinter v.n.使烧结，烧结物potential a.n.潜在的，潜能trioxide n.三氧化物dose n.v.剂量，按计量分tester n.检测器designate v.指派clog v.堵塞cresol n.甲酚sandpaper n.砂纸coarse a.粗糙的stain v.n.玷污，污点flaw n.v.裂纹，破裂lap v.重叠围住，包围viscosity n.粘度composition n.组成storage n.存储insoluble n.不溶解的impurity a.杂质asphalt n.沥青miscible a.易混合的filtration n.过滤purifier n.分水机clarifier n.分杂机conical a.圆锥形的periphery n.外围，周边perforate v.穿（钻，冲）孔cylindrical a.圆柱形的bowl n.分离筒ancillary a.辅助的centrifuge n.离心分离机accumulation n.积聚consume v.消耗agitation n.搅动circumstance n.环境，详情involve v.包括，卷入solid n.a.固体；硬的centrifuge n.分油机（分水机）purifier n.净油机（分杂机）clarifier n.消除，去除，拆除removal n.机壳，框架framwork n.分界面interface n.遭遇，遭受subject v.对齐，对中成直线align v.阻水环damring n.重力环gravity n.通流量throughput n.图标，诺莫图aid n.援助，助手tentative n.试验性的，暂定的appear v.呈现，出现emulsification n.乳化（作用) ejection n.喷射，喷出periodical a.定期的flush v.冲洗strip v.剥下，拆下，拆卸hood n.罩，盖，帽clamp v.夹钳，夹紧corrugation n.成皱，起皱idle a.空闲的，闲置的clutch n.离合器conduit n.管道process n.过程removal n.排除blow v.鼓风supercharge v.增压atmosphere a.大气的pressurize v.增压，加压electrically ad.电动地blower n.鼓风机，增压器density n.密度turbine n.涡轮机compressor n.压缩机essential a.基本的，重要的adequate a.适当的，充分的arrangement n.布置，安排escape v.逃逸，溢出differential a.差别的，不同的swirl v.使……漩涡运动adjacent a.邻近的，接近的equip v.装备mount v.安装，安放foul v.弄脏obstruction n.阻塞，阻碍telltale n.a.监视装置，起监视作用的trunk a.箱子，(扫气)箱maximum a.最大量，最大（多）的unburned a.未燃烧的fault n.错误，故障slack a.松弛的uneven a.不均匀的faulty a.错误的flame n.火焰flammable a.可燃的surge n.v.喘振spark n.火花blister v.起泡seizure n.抓住，咬缸extinguish v.熄灭，扑灭investigate v.调查，检查。
轮机英语单词
1.Lesson12.internal combustion engine 内燃机3.marine diesel engine 船用柴油机4.naturally aspirated 自然吸气5.two - stroke cycle 二冲程循环6.auxiliary generator engine 辅助发电柴油机7.centrifugal turbocharger 离心式涡轮增压器8.exhaust valve 排气阀9.top dead centre 上止点10.bottom dead centre 下止点11.loop scavenge 回流扫气12.uniflow scavenge 直流扫气13.the period of valve overlap 气阀重叠期14.fuel injector 喷油器bustion chamber 燃烧室16.power stroke 做功冲程Lesson21.side - chock bolt 侧楔螺栓2.end - chock bolt 端楔螺栓3.cross girder 横梁4.main bearing 主轴承5.thrust block 推力轴承6.scavenging air box 扫气箱7.chain transmission 链传动8.cylinder block 气缸体9.tie rod 贯穿螺栓10.scavenging air port 扫气口11.cylinder cover 气缸盖12.cylinder liner 气缸套13.indicator cock 示功考克14.dowel pin 定位销15.piston skirt 活塞裙16.piston crown 活塞头17.running - in period 磨合期18.thermal stress 热应力19.crosshead shoe 十字头滑块20.tap- bolt 锥形螺栓21.stuffing box 填料函22.connecting rod 连杆23.force - feed lubrication system 强力润滑系统24.bearing clearance 轴承间隙25.crank journal 曲柄轴颈Lesson31.cetane number 十六烷值2.calorific value 热值3.carbon residue 残炭4.specific gravity 比重5.sulphur content 硫分6.ash content 灰分7.ignition delay 滞燃期8.catalytic fine 催化粉末9.settling tank 沉淀柜1/ 910.service tank 日用柜11.booster pump 增压泵12.viscosity regulator 粘度调节器13.quick closing valve 速闭阀14.needle valve 针阀15.flyweight type governor 飞重式调速器Lesson41.trouble free life 无故障使用寿命2.lubricating oil film 润滑油膜3.carbonaceous deposit 积碳4.wear detritus 磨屑5.ring land 活塞环岸6.ring groove 环槽7.friction loss 摩擦损失8.detergency property 去垢能力9.feed ratel 供油率10.sulphuric acid 硫酸11.drain tank 循环油柜12.level gauge 液位表13.gudgeon pin 活塞销14.crosshead bearing 十字头轴承15.gas seal 气封Lesson51.heat engine 热机2.cylinder jacket 气缸水套3.pressure relief valve 溢流阀4.fresh water cooler 淡水冷却器5.distilled water 蒸馏水6.corrosion inhibitor 缓蚀剂7.chemical additive 化学添加剂8.galvanized piping 镀锌管9.expansion tank 膨胀水箱10.air lock 气塞11.auxiliary engine 副机12.central cooling system 中央冷却系统13.fresh water generator 造水机14.three - way valve 三通阀15.blind －flange 盲板Lesson 6pressed air 压缩空气2.air reservoir 空气瓶3.non - return valve 止回阀或单向阀4.cylinder air start valve 气缸启动阀5.pilot air 控制空气6.pilot air control valve 起动控制阀7.air distributor 空气分配器8.air start lever 起动手柄9.turning gear 盘车机10.air start manifold 起动空气总管11.air compressor 空压机12.flame trap 阻焰器13.relief valve 安全阀2/ 914.bursting caps or discs 防爆帽或防爆盘15.fusible plug 易熔塞Lesson71.reversing gearbox 换向齿轮箱2.controllable - pitch propeller 调距桨3.instruction book 说明书4.indicator cock 示功考克5.auxiliary scavenge blower 辅助鼓风机6.direction handle 换向手柄7.telegraph reply lever 车钟应答手柄8.manoeuvring handle 操纵手柄9.regular maintenance work 定期维修工作10.instruction manual 安装手册11.indicator card 示功图12.fuel valve 燃油阀13.carbon deposit 积炭14.connecting rod top and bottom ends 连杆大小端15.lubricating oil sump 滑油机箱Lesson81.motor vessel 内燃机船2.SCR ( Selective Catalytic NO Reduction system) 选择性催化还原系统3.VIT 可调喷油定时4.add - on device 附加设备5.fuel injection timing 喷油定时6.fuel injection rate 喷油率7.cylinder lube oil feed 气缸滑油供油率8.Alpha Lubricator 阿尔法气缸注油器9.mechanical lubricator 机械注油器10.times between overhauls 大修间隔时间11.diagnostic system 诊断系统12.fuel injection pump 喷油泵13.exhaust valve actuator 排气阀操作机构14.starting air distributor 起动空气分配器15.local control stand 机旁控制台16.Hydraulic Power Supply ( HPS ) 液压动力源17.Hydraulic Cylinder Units ( HCU ) 液压控制单元18.Engine Control System ( ECS) 发动机控制系统19.crankshaft position sensing system 曲轴位置传感系统20.Local Operating Panel ( LOP ) 机旁控制面板21.self cleaning filter 自清滤器22.axial piston pump 轴向柱塞泵23.engine driven pump 机带泵24.hydraulic pump 液压泵25.second - order moment compensator 二阶力矩补偿器26.integrated control system 综合控制系统27.double - walled piping 双壁管28.ELFI 比例电子喷射控制阀29.ELV A 电子排气阀操作器30.pressure accumulator 蓄压器Lesson91.auxiliary machinery 辅助机械3/ 92.fire - tube boiler 火管锅炉3.donkey boiler 辅锅炉4.water-tube boiler 水管锅炉5.steam drum 汽包6.generating tube 蒸发管7.heat transfer surface 传热面8.down comer 下降管9.water drum 水筒10.superheated steam 过热蒸汽11.exhaust gas boiler 废气锅炉12.boiler mounting 锅炉附件13.main stop valve 主停汽阀14.feed check valve 给水止回阀15.water level indicator 水位计16.blow - down valve 下排污阀17.scum valve 浮渣阀18.salinometer valve 盐度计阀19.chemical dosing valve 投药阀20.smoke indicator 烟气指示器21.primary swirler 主配风器22.air register 调风门23.wire bristle brush 钢丝刷24.waste heat recovery plant 废热回收装置25.water carry - over 蒸汽携水26.forced draught air pressure 强力风压27.soot blower 吹灰器28.air / fuel ratio 风油比29.high salinity alarm 高盐度报警30.condensate system 凝水系统Lesson101.displacement pump 容积式泵2.centrifugal pump 离心泵3.reciprocating pump 往复泵4.rotary pump 回转泵5.gear pump 齿轮泵6.volute pump 蜗壳式泵7.diffuser pump 导轮式泵8.mixed - flow pump 混流泵9.axial pump 轴流泵10.regenerative pump 旋涡泵11.relief valve 安全阀12.suction lift 吸高13.centrifugal force 离心力14.bearing bush 轴瓦15.sealing arrangement 密封装置16.packed gland 填料压盖17.mechanical seal 机械密封18.priming unit 引水装置19.wear ring 承磨环20.atmospheric pressure 大气压力21.suction valve 吸入阀22.discharge valve 排出阀4/ 923.self - priming 自吸24.saturation temperature 饱和温度25.vapor bubble 气泡26.Available Net Positive Suction Head 有效汽蚀余量27.wear and tear 磨损28.volumetric efficiency 容积效率29.shaft seal 轴封30.the eye of the impeller 叶轮中心Lesson111.marine refrigeration 船舶制冷2.air conditioning 空调3.vapour compression cycle 蒸汽压缩循环4.expansion valve 膨胀阀5.evaporator coil 蒸发盘管tent heat 潜热7.throttling effect 节流作用8.cooling medium 冷却介质9.secondary refrigerant 载冷剂10.critical temperature 临界温度11.carbon dioxide 二氧化碳12.sub - cooling 过冷13.calcium chloride brine 氯化钙盐水14.charging valve 充剂阀15.CFC 不含氢的氯氟烃16.HCFC 含氢的氯氟烃17.purge valve 驱气阀18.liquid line sight glass 液管视液镜19.leak detector lamp 检漏灯20.high pressure cut - out 高压控制器21.low pressure cut - out 低压控制器22.oil failure cut - out 油压差控制器23.liquid - hammering 液击24.oil - hammering 油击25.under - charge 冲击不足Lesson121.dry bulb temperature 干球温度2.wet bulb temperature 湿球温度3.relative humidity 相对湿度4.dew point 露点5.air conditioning system 空调系统6.refrigeration plant 制冷装置7.single - duct system 单风管系统8.twin - duct system 双风管系统9.“ single - duct with reheat ” system 单风管再热系统10.natural ventilation 自然通风11.mechanical ventilation 机械通风12.intermediate weather condition 中间气候条件13.by trial and error 用试凑法14.insulation vapour seal 隔热气封15.plastic film 塑料膜Lesson131.oily water separator 油水分离器5/ 92.Crude Oil Washing 原油洗舱3.bunker tank 燃料舱4.load on top 置于上部法5.slop tank 污油柜6.Segregated Ballast Tank ( SBT ) 隔离压载舱7.Clean Ballast Tank ( CBT ) 清洁压载舱8.coarse separating compartment 粗分离室9.International Oil Pollution Prevention ( IOPP ) certificates 国际防油污染证书10.oil - free water 无油的水11.oil collection spacel 集油室12.catch plate 捕集板13.steam or electric heating coils 蒸汽或电加热盘管14.de - oiling 去油15.surface tension 表面张力Lesson141.territorial waters 领海2.sewage treatment plant 生活污水处理装置3.extended aeration process 充分曝气过程4.inert sludge 惰性淤泥5.Bio - chemical Oxygen Demand ( BOD ) 生化需氧量6.aerobic bacteria 好氧菌7.anaerobic bacteria 厌氧菌8.suspended solids 悬浮固体9.coliform count 大肠杆菌数10.hydrogen sulphide 硫化氢11.sullage tank 污水柜12.chemical dosage rate 加药率13.watertight compartment 水密舱14.aeration compartment 曝气室15.activated sludge 活性污泥Lesson151.centrifugal separation 离心分离2.batch operation 间歇运行3.cylindrical interface 圆柱形分界面4.dam ring or gravity disc 比重环5.bowl periphery 分离筒边缘6.centrifugal force 离心力7.back pressure 背压8.ejection process 排渣过程9.flushing water 冲洗水10.operating water 工作水11.heavy fuel oil 重油12.water transducer 水分传感器13.special tool 专用工具14.catalytic fine 催化粉末15.left - hand thread 左旋螺纹Lesson161.air compressor 空压机2.spring - loaded 弹簧加载3.non - return delivery valve 排出止回阀4.first - stage cooler 第一级冷却器6/ 95.centrifugal compressor 离心式压缩机6.axial compressor 轴向压缩机7.unloaded running 卸载运行8.automatic drain 自动放残9.buffer plate 缓冲片10.valve plate 阀片11.spring plate 弹簧片12.split pin 开口销13.castle nut 开槽螺母14.nut washer 螺母垫圈15.lift washer 升程垫圈16.damper plate 阻尼片17.valve seat 阀座18.foreign matter 杂质19.shaft seal 轴封20.stationary part 静止部件Lesson171.fresh water generator 造水机2.distillation process 蒸馏过程3.shell - and - tube type 壳管式4.plate type 板式5.vacuum distillation 真空蒸馏6.periodically unmanned engine room 定期无人机舱7.heating medium 加热介质8.titanium plate heat exchanger 钛板热交换器9.two - stage brine / air ejector 两级排盐/真空泵10.ejector pump 喷射器供水泵（海水泵）11.built - in fresh water pump 内置凝水泵12.feed water anti - scale chemical dosing unit 给水防结垢药剂添加装置13.evaporating temperature 蒸发温度14.solenoid valve 电磁阀15.dump valve 泄放阀Lesson181.hydraulic system 液压系统2.hydraulic motor 液压马达3.marine engineering 轮机工程4.linear motion 直线运动5.hydraulic energy 液压能6.swashplate type 倾斜盘7.prime mover 原动机8.kidney - shaped 腰形的9.variable capacity 变量10.fixed capacity 定量11.eccentric cam 偏心凸轮12.speed reduction gearbox 减速齿轮箱13.pressure control valve 压力控制阀14.reducing valve 减压阀15.pilot valve 导阀16.flow control valve 流量控制阀17.bleed - off flow control 溢流流量控制阀18.series flow control 串联流量控制阀19.sequence valve 顺序阀7/ 920.sliding spool type 滑阀型Lesson191.deck machinery 甲板机械2.hatch cover 舱口盖3.mooring equipment 绞缆设备4.winch barrel 绞缆卷筒5.warp end 卷缆端6.spur gear transmission 直齿轮传动7.split windlass 分离式锚机8.cable lifter 锚链轮9.cable locker 锚链舱10.anchor capstan 锚绞盘11.cargo winch 起货机12.hoisting motor 起升马达13.luffing motor 变幅马达14.slewing motor 回转马达15.mooring winch 绞缆机Lesson201.steering gear 舵机2.rudder stock 舵杆3.rudder angle 舵角4.steering wheel 舵轮5.rotary vane type 转叶式6.variable delivery pump 变量泵7.control spindle 控制杆8. a floating lever feedback mechanism 浮动杆反馈机构9.audible and visual alarm 声、光报警10.rudder angle indicator 舵角指示器Lesson211.magnetic field 磁场2.carbon brush 碳刷3.field coil 励磁线圈4.power factor 功率因数5.alternating current generator 交流发电机6.automatic voltage regulator 自动电压调节器7.squirrel cage motor 鼠笼式电机8. D . C . exciter 直流励磁机9.shaft - driven alternator 轴带发电机10.emergency generator 应急发电机Lesson221.parallel operation 并车操作2.reverse power protection 逆功率保护3.reverse current protection 逆电流保护4.in phase 同相5.anticlockwise rotation 逆时针转动6.incoming generator 待并机7.bus frequency 汇流排频率8.synchronizing lamp 同步指示灯9.space heater 空间加热器10.АСВ( Air Circuit Breaker ) 空气断路器Lesson231.electrical energy 电能8/ 92.main switchboard 主配电板3.section board 区域配电板4.distribution board 分配电板5.deadfront type 前段不带电式6.“ draw out ” circuit breaker “抽出式”断路器7.tripping device 脱扣装置8.frequency meter 频率表9.voltage transformer 变压器10.curent transformer 电流变送器11.bus bar 汇流排12.“ plug in ” contact 插入式触头13.mechanical interlock 机械联锁14.no - volt coil 失压线圈15.isolating switch 隔离开关Lesson241.Classification Society 船级社2.drip - proof 防滴的3.watertight enclosure 水密机壳4.lead - acid battery 铅酸蓄电池5.alkaline battery 碱性蓄电池6.induction motor 感应式电机7.synchronous motor 同步电机8.induced e . m . f . 感应电动势9.direct on - line starting 直接起动10.star delta starter 星形三角形起动器11.auto transformer 自耦变压器12.stator resistance 定子电阻13.single phasing protection device 缺相保护装置14.overload protection device 过载保护设备15.undervoltage protective device 欠压保护装置16.“ no volts ” protective device 失压保护装置17.insulation resistance 绝缘电阻18.electric shock 电击19.artificial respiration 人工呼吸20.non - conducting material 非导电材料9/ 9。
轮机英语1800字
轮机英语1800字IntroductionMarine engineering or ship engineering is an essential part of the shipping industry. It includes the design, construction, installation, operation, and maintenance of the machinery and systems that propel and support ships. Marine engineers, also known as ship engineers, are trained professionals responsible for designing, building, and maintaining the ship's machinery and systems.The study of marine engineering and the operation of the ship engine room, involves a high degree of technical knowledge and skills. To successfully navigate this field, it is essential to have a solid understanding of the technical terms used in the field of marine engineering.The following article aims to provide an overview of some of the essential technical terms used in the field of marine engineering.1. Ship's MachineryThe ship's machinery consists of the main engine, auxiliary engines, and various systems that support the operation of the vessel. The main engine is the primary power source, while auxiliary engines are used for support activities such as generating electricity, pumping water, and operating hydraulic systems. The machinery also includes the boiler, which supplies steam for propulsion and power generation.2. Propulsion MachineryPropulsion machinery refers to the systems that generate and transmit power to drive the ship through the water. The propulsion system can be either mechanical or electrical. The mechanical propulsion system typically comprises of the main engine, reduction gear, and propeller.The electrical propulsion system, on the other hand, uses electric motors to drive the propeller. These motors are powered by the ship's generators, which convert the mechanical energy from the main engine into electrical energy.3. Engine RoomThe engine room is the space on the ship where the main and auxiliary engines, as well as other machinery, are located. This space is typically located below the main deck and is insulated to prevent heat transfer and minimize noise.To ensure the proper functioning of the machinery, the engine room is equipped with various systems that control the engine and maintain the optimal operating conditions. These systems include the lubrication system, cooling system, fuel system, and ventilation system.4. Lubrication SystemThe lubrication system is responsible for the smooth operation of the engine's moving parts. It supplies oil to the engine's bearings, cylinders, and other critical components to reduce friction and prevent wear and tear. Thesystem operates at high pressures and temperatures, making it essential to maintain the optimal oil level and pressure.5. Cooling SystemThe cooling system is responsible for maintaining the optimal operating temperature of the engine. It regulates the temperature by circulating water or coolant around the engine and radiating heat away from the system. The cooling system typically comprises the sea-water cooling system and freshwater cooling system.6. Fuel SystemThe fuel system supplies fuel to the engine and auxiliary engines. It includes the fuel storage tanks, fuel filters, fuel pumps, and fuel injection system. The system must be designed to prevent the ingress of water into the fuel, which can cause engine failure.7. Ventilation SystemThe ventilation system is responsible for circulating fresh air to all areas of the engine room. It ensures that the crew working in the engine room is not exposed to any hazardous gases or fumes that can cause respiratory problems.8. BoilerThe boiler is responsible for producing steam that drives the ship's turbine and generators. It works by heating water to a high temperature and pressure, converting it into steam. The steam is used to move the ship or generate electrical power.ConclusionMarine engineering and the operation of the ship engine room are complex and technical fields that require in-depth knowledge and expertise. Understanding the technical terms used in this field is essential to carry out the various tasks and responsibilities efficiently.The above list of technical terms provides an introductory overview of some of the essential concepts of marine engineering. A thorough understanding of each of these terms and their implications is essential to achieve success in this field.。
轮机英语教学课件(16) Marine Boilers
Main stem stop valve: usually fitted in the main steam supply line and is usually of the non-return type.
在许多船上通过废热回收装置由蒸汽涡轮发动机发 电和向加热设备供应饱和蒸汽均有应用。
该句为主系表结构，is之前皆为主语。
Review Questions
1.What are the two types of marine boilers and what are the differences between them?
Main Contents of the Text
Types of boiler Firetube boilers and watertube boilers Boiler mountings Safety valves Main steam stop valve Water level gauge Waste heat recovery system
2. What is bent tube design? 3.What is donkey boiler and its
function? 4.What is waste-heat boiler？
Scum valve: a shallow dish positioned at the normal water level is connected to the scum valve. This enables the blowing down or removal of scum and impurities from the water surface.
轮机英语 Marine Engineering English
轮机英语- 轮机工程原理（英文版）Principles of Marine Engineering2010. 10ContentsContents (2)1 Main propulsion plant (篇标题) (3)1.1 Ships and machinery (章标题) (3)1.2 Diesel engine (9)1.3 Shaft and propellers (46)2 Marine auxiliary machinery (55)2.1 boilers (55)2.2 Pumps (55)2.3 Refrigeration, air conditioning and ventilation (55)2.4 Pollution prevention devices (55)2.5 Centrifugal separator and fresh water generator (55)2.6 Deck machinery (55)3 Electrical equipment and automatic control (56)3.1 Alternating current generators (56)3.2 Main switchboard and distribution system (56)3.3 Marine electrical equipment (56)3.4 Marine automatic control (56)4 Watch keeping and equipment operation (57)4.1 operation procedures (57)4.2 Safety operation (57)4.3 Stores and spare parts (57)4.4 Shipp repair and docking (57)4.5 Pollution prevention operation and Port State Control (57)5 International conventions and regulations (58)5.1 STCW (58)5.2 MAPROL (58)5.3 SOLAS (58)5.4 ISM (58)5.5 ISPS (58)6 Marine business writing (59)6.1 Engine log book (59)6.2 Repair list (59)6.3 Store order and spare parts requisition form (59)6.4 Accident report (59)6.5 Engineer’s reports, letters, faxes and emails (59)Index ............................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。
轮机英语新教材电子版Lesson18airconditioningsystem
轮机英语新教材电⼦版Lesson18airconditioningsystem Lesson18 air conditioning systemShips travel the world and are therefore subject to various climatic conditons .the crew of the ship must be provided with reasonable conditions in wihich to work regardless of the weather.Temperture alone is not sufficent measure of condition acceptable to the human body. Relative humidity iin conjunction with temperature more truly determines the environment for human comfort .Relative humidity ,expressed as a percentage, is the ratio of the water vapour pressure in the air tested, to the saturated vapour pressure of air at the same temperature. The fact that less water can be absorbed as air is cooled and more can be absored when it is heated is the major consideration in air conditioning system design. Other factors are the nearness of heat sources, exposure to sunlight, sources of cold and the insulation provided around the space(Fig.18-1).An air conditioning system aims to provide a comfortable working environment regardless of outside conditions. Satisfactory air treatment must involve a relatively "closed" system where the air is circulated and returned. However, some air is "consume" by humans and some machinery so there is a requirement for renewal. Public rooms and accommodation will operate with a reduced percentage of air renewal since the conditionig cost of 100% renewal would be considerable.Air conditioning systems fall into two main classes: individual unit system, in which each room contains its own small refrigeration plant and fan and air cooler; and central systems, where larger refrigeration machinery unit are installed and their out put distributed about the ship by a variety of means.Self-contained units are noisier than central systems, require more maintenance and have been found to have a relatively short life (about 7 years).The single duct system only allows for adjustment of temperature in each room by the occupant manually controlling the air volume admitted. It is thus less flexible than any of the other systems, which allow individual temperature control, at least of sections of the ship if not individual rooms.With ducted systems, the modern tendency is to use "high velocity" in the air ducts with fans generating up to 2550 mbar(250 mm H2O) pressure compared to "low velocity" systems with fans generating up to 520 mbar(50mm H2O). This tendency helps installation as the size of ducts is reduced and prefabricated standard ducts can be used, but it incurs the heavier running costs of more powerful fans. Air terminals lined with sound insulation material are necessary to reduce the noise passing into the room with high velocity systems.In a typical marine pattern self-contained unit, air circulation is usually effected by means of a centrifugal fan, for quiet running, and a direct expansion cooler served by a hermetic compressor. Water cooled condensers are used. As these contain small water passages, choking develops rapidly with direct sea water circulation and a better method is to circulate with fresh water, itself cooled in a sea water/fresh water heat exchanger.Control is on/off by a thermostat sensing the temperature of air returning to the unit.The cooling coil of the central unit may be of the direct expansion, brine or chilled water cooled type.When cooling is by direct expansion, a separate steam heater coil is fitted in the unit for winter heating.With brine or water coolers, a central heater is used so that the same coil serves for summer or winter. Thermostatic control is provided sensing air delivery temperature itself, the temperature of the room, or the return air temperture.All types of thermostats are found in air conditioning systems, direct acting, pneumatic and electrical. In themselves, they are all satisfactory instruments, but the results they achieve are dependent on the correct sitting of their sensing elements. Even the site for a direct acting thermostst to control one single berth cabin must be chosen with care-if it is masked behind curtains, or too far away from the air inlet control will be too sluggish.The correct location for a thermostat to control a block of cabins is more difficult to find . One can pick on a "typical" cabin , but if the occupation opens his porthole he can upset the whole block. Another possibilility is to site the thermostat in the alleyway of the block of cabin . This position may be affected more by an open door or draguht in the alleyway tthan by the temperature of the cabins . Yet another possiblility is to site the thermostat in the recirculation grill is to close to an outside door , this position too can be affected by outside air temperature when the door is open ,rather than by cabin temperature. General operation of the air conditoning installationThe first enssential in operating the air cooling appliances through out the ship is to hhave all thermostats correctly set and correctly functioning . In extreme weather conditions , either hot or coold , control of the plant usually present few diffculties . The capacity of many installations is such that under tropical conditions nearly all control valves move to the full open position. Although automated control has been lost ,internal conditions are by and large acceptable.Control diffculties arise in intermediate weather conditions when there is a call for only a small amout of cooling. The worst case is when part of the ship,say inboard cabins against the engine room , require cooling and other parts ,say exposed upper cabins , require warming .For this intermediate condition,thermostats must be correctly set by trial and error. It is found that a uniform setting of say 21°C throughout the ship is not satisfactory ,but slight variations of a few degrees up or down are needed to suit particular regions of the ship. Unfortunately, these variations in thermostat setting are not always the same for the cooling and heating condition and frequent resetting may be needed for a ship repeatedly passing from cold to warm weather.The control problem is eased if the chilled brine (or water) of systems using chilled liquid circulation is held at about 13°C in the intermediate weather conditions and lowered progressively to about 5°C as tropical weather conditions are approached. When air cooling is in use it is good practice to keep all portholes, windows and doors shut. On passengerships, some public announcement requesting that this be done is worthwhile.A wise precaution for an engineer to take is to go through accommodation and public rooms periodically recording wet and dry bulb temperature. Keeping a log of these reading then serves to identify any malfunctioning of the installation as soon as it arises.The quantity of cooled air delivered by an air conditioning unit should bablance the sum of the quantity of the air recirculated to the quantity mechanically exhausted. The correct bablance between supply and exhaust fans should be checked periodically. Even with filters fitted ducts can become partially blocked can fan performance can fall off to upset the bablance.On older ships, temperature maintenance can be made easier by increasing the ratio of recirculated to fresh air. Most air conditioning units have dampers for adjusting this ratio and the effect of these can be extended after they have reached, full travel by partially blocking fresh air inlets. Care must be taken not to reduce the fresh air so that stuffiness or smells arise.Cleaning or renewal of filters is necessary at baout 3-monthly intervals, the time varying according to location on the ship. Disposable filters can be vacuum-cleaned so that in fact two or three "lives" are obtained before they need to be thrown away.In addition to normal mechanical attention, such as lubrication of bearings, and adjustment of fan belts and cleaning of motors, careful greasing of linkages of automatic controls is necessary.Cooled air ducts should be examined to see that the insulation vapour seal remains in good order. If a plastic film: vapour seal becomes damsged, condensation forms within the film. As well as making the insulation wet and ineffective, the condensation may become serious enough to cause drips and damp parches on ceilings.VentilationVentilation is the provision of a supply of fresh untreated air through a space. Natural ventilation occurs when changes in temperature or air density cause circulation in the space. Mechanical or forced ventilation uses fans for a positive movement of large quantities of air (Fig. 18-2).Natural ventilation is used for some small workshops and stores but is impractical for working areas where machinery is present or a number of people are employed.Forced ventilation may be used in cargo spaces where the movement of air removes moisture or avoids condensation, removes odors or gases,etc.The machinery space presents another area which requires ventilation. As a result of itslarge size and the fact that large volumes of air are consumed a treatment plant would be extremely costly to run. Ventilation is therefore provided the sufficient quantities for machinery air consumption and also to effect cooling. Several axial flow fans provide air through ducting to the various working platforms. The hot air rises in the centre and leaves through louvers or openings, usually in the funnel. The machinery control room, as a separate space, may well be arranged for air conditioning with an individual unit which draws air through trucking from the outside and exhausts back to the atmosphere.Notes1. Air conditioning systems fall into two main classes: individual unit system, in which each room contains its own small refrigeration plant and fan and air cooler; and central systems, where larger refrigeration machinery unit are installed and their out put distributed about the ship by a variety of means.空调系统分为两⼤类，独⽴空调系统和中央空调系统。
《轮机英语听力与会话(轮机长)》课程标准
《轮机英语听力与会话（轮机长）》课程标准【课程名称】轮机英语听力与会话【英文名称】Marine Engineering English Listening and Speaking【课程类型】必修课、职业能力素质课【适用专业】轮机工程技术【总学时】70 学时（理论学时：66 机动学时：4）【前导课程】《大学英语阅读》、《大学英语听力》、《大学英语口语》1．课程性质轮机英语听力与会话是轮机工程技术专业学生的重要专业课之一。
学生在经过基础英语阶段的学习以后，通过本课程的学习，能够听懂并理解轮机工程专业所涉及的英文内容，掌握中心大意，理解其中重要关键信息；并且能够进行有效的面对面的口语沟通和交流。
发音基本准确，语言基本流畅，表意基本完整。
使学生达到教学计划中本课程所涉及的知识、能力与素质要求，基本掌握能够履行船舶轮机长职责足够的专业英语知识，满足《1978年海员培训，发证和值班标准国际公约》和95年修正案（简称STCW78/95公约）要求。
2．设计思路1）以职业能力培养为导向，开展练中学、练中教，教、学、练结合，理论讲授与语言应用练习交替互动的教学模式。
2）以课程目标和船舶轮机长岗位的真实工作任务作为选择课程内容的标准。
3）以高职学生的认知规律和职业技能培养目标作为课程内容模块化的依据来序化教学内容。
4）优化教学设计，充分利用教学资源，提高学生专业英语适岗适任能力，培养学生职业英语综合素质。
3．课程目标3.1 知识目标通过学习，使学生了解和掌握以下内容的专业英语：I。
公共用语1）日常用语2）日常对外业务用语3）船东面试时用语II。
机舱日常业务1）主机系统①轮机设备部件名称②主机燃油系统操作与管理③主机冷却水系统操作与管理④主机润滑油系统操作与管理⑤主机起动空气系统操作与管理⑥主机运行工况监测⑦主机换气、增压系统操作与管理⑧主机故障排除⑨主机维护保养⑩主机智能设备操作2）辅助设备①锅炉的操作与管理①发电柴油机的操作与管理①空调和制冷系统的操作与管理①空压机的操作与管理①造水机的操作与管理①分油机的操作与管理①油水分离器的操作与管理①焚烧炉的操作与管理①生活污水处理装置的操作与管理①舵机的操作与管理①压载水系统操作与管理①舱底水系统操作与管理①甲板机械的维护与管理①电气设备的操作与管理①电气设备的安全注意事项①消防水系统的操作与管理①生活日用水系统的操作与管理III。
新版轮机英语unit30 marine electric equipment
The wattmeter（瓦特表） measures the power being used in the circuit, which, because of the power factor aspect of alternating current load will be less than the product of the volts and amps.
Each generator must be provided with certain protective devices to ensure against reverse currents（逆电流）, low voltage or an over curbe ammeters(电流表） and voltmeters（电压表） in circuits to enable paralleling to take place.
Consider the situation where one generator is supplying the bus-bar system and a second generator is to be paralleled with it.
The second machine is run up to speed and its field current（励磁电流） adjusted until the two machines are at the same voltage.
Most of the instruments will use transformers（变压器） to reduce the actual values taken to the instrument.
This also enables switching（转换）, for instance, between phases or an incoming machine and bus-bars, so that one instrument can display, one of a number of values.
《轮机英语》课程标准
《轮机英语》课程标准一、课程信息考试考查□是是二、课程性质与作用《轮机英语》是轮机工程技术专业的一门重要的专业技术课程，旨在为学生掌握必需的专业语言技能、适应日后工作奠定坚实的理论和实践基础。
通过本课程的学习，使学生初步具备五个方面的能力：船舶主推进装置专业语言技能、船舶辅机专业语言技能；船舶电气及自动化专业语言技能；船舶管理及国际公约语言技能。
结合课程教学，培养学生的语言能力以及学习新技术的能力。
本课程在培养高素质技能型轮机工程技术人才方面起着综合提高的作用，对学生的职业能力培养和职业素养的养成起着支撑或促进作用。
本门课程作为船舶轮机员（三管轮）的适任考证课程，其前导课程是《船舶柴油机》、《船舶辅机》、《船舶电气及自动化》、《船舶管理》等专业课程。
表2 课程功能定位分析通过本课程的学习，能使学生进一步增强民族复兴责任感和自豪感，增强爱国、爱党的意识；树立社会主义核心价值观；弘扬精益求精的工匠精神，增强对国家海洋强国战略的使命感；为我国的航运强国以及一带一路的战略实施尽到自己的职责。
并养成较强的集体意识和团队合作精神，能够进行有效的人际沟通和交流，具有较强的专业创新能力和素养，为日后适任工作岗位、进一步学习和研究打下良好的基础。
四、课程目标本课程通过大量远洋、海运公司的第一线专业调研和专家、学者和教师组成的专家队伍论证，形成从专业定位、课程内容组织、教学活动设计到课程体系构建链条。
即：贯彻以职业生涯发展为目标——明确专业定位，以职业能力为依据——组织课程内容，以船舶机舱设备自动控制的真实场景为载体——设计教学活动，以职业技能鉴定为参照——强化技能训练，以工作任务为线索——构建基于工作过程的课程体系。
本课程的任务是在公共英语和轮机基础英语教学的基础上，巩固、扩大学生的英语基础，培养学生阅读和翻译简明轮机英语出版物和有关技术资料的能力和书写与本专业有关的简短文书的能力，使学生能以英语为工具，进行业务交流，在理论上达到STCW公约中规定的管理级船员应具备的英语水平，在实践技能上达到操作级船员应具备的英语水平。
新版轮机英语unit13marineboilersandtheirconstruction课课件
The hot gases make a single pass through the horizontal tube bank（集 合） before passing away to exhaust.
The name “tank boiler”（柜型锅炉） is sometimes used for fire tube boilers because of their large water capacity.
The terms（术语） "smoke tube" and "donkey boiler" are also in used.
There are two distinct（截然不同的） types of marine boilers in use on board ship ,the fire-tube boiler in which the hot gases from the furnaces pass through the tubes while the water is on the outside,
The use of small bore tubes fitted with retarders（阻流板） ensures better
heat transfer and cleaner tubes as a result of the turbulent（紊流的） gas
flow.
Spanner boilers（多回程式锅炉)
The spanner vertical fire tube boiler uses a patented（专利） design of tube known as “swirlyflo‘.（回旋流动）
船舶、轮机英语词汇大全
船舶英语目录一.职位及工种(Titles and type of work) (1)二、柴油机类(Words about diesel engine) (3)三、船舶机械类(Words about marine machinery) ·· 11四、阀门(Words about valve) (14)五、泵类(Words about pump) (16)六、甲板机械类（Deck machinery） (18)七、工具类(Word about tools) (20)八、常用物料(Material in common use) 26九、常用紧固件(Part of fixation in common use) (28)十、常用油类(Oil in common use) (28)十一、常用量词(Quantifier in common use) (29)十二、国家名称(Name of country) 。
30十三、常用缩语(abbreviation in common use) (31)十四、船用动态常用单词(marine tends word) 32 十五、船舶机电设备操作词汇(manipulate of marine equipment) ·33十六、故障常用单词(words about malfunction) (35)十七、保养检修常用词汇(Words about maintain and examination) 38 十八、常用数字(Numeral in common use) 40十九、时间、季节与方向(Time、Season and Direction) (42)二十常用词组（Phrases in common use）·45二十一、常用动词和例句(Verb in common use and example) (48)二十二、问候和常用表达语(Greeting and common expression) (67)二十三、主机提交过程用语(Delivery expressions for main engine) 68 二十四、空压机和空气系统用语(Air compressor and Air system) (75)二十五、锅炉提交用语(Delivery expressions for boiler) (77)二十六、锚绞车提交过程用语(Delivery expressions for anchor windlass) 79二十七、舵机提交过程用语(Steering gear delivering) (87)二十八、付机提交过程用语（Delivery expression for A/E） (91)二十九、救生艇提交过程用语(Delivery expressions for lifeboat) ··92 三十、其他提交项目(Delivery expressions for other items) (95)三十一、甲板机械系泊试验(Mooring test for deck machinery) (96)三十二、机舱设备系泊试验(Mooring test for the equipment in E/R) (98)三十三、谈论故障常用语（Expressions for trouble） (100)三十四、谈论检修常用语(Expressions for overhaul) (101)三十五、谈论试验和检验(Talking about test & check) (103)三十六、谈论技术要求(Talking about technology required) (105)一．职位及工种(Titles and type of work) 1．船长 Captain2．大副 Chief officer3．二副 Second officer4．三副 Third officer5．四副 Fourth officer6．水手长 Boatswain7．水手 Sailor & Seaman8．木匠 Carpenter9．轮机长 Chief engineer 10．大管轮 Second engineer11．二管轮 Third engineer12．三管轮 Fourth engineer13．机匠长 Chief motorman15．机匠 Fitter16．加油工 Oil man17．大电 Chief electrician18．电工 Electrician19．车间主任 Workshop director20．工长 Section chief21．班长 Fore man22．钳工 Fitter23．主管工程师 Engineer in charge24．机务&船东 Superintendent &Super &Owner25．助理工程师 Assistant engineer26．验船师（机）Register27．验船师（船）Surveyor28．油漆工 Painter29．焊工 Welder30．大橱 Chief cook31．物料员 Store keeper32．加油工 Oiler33．机工 Mechanic34．甲板员 Deck man35．电线工 Wireman36．外包工 Laborer37．铸工 Molder38．管子工 Pipe fitter39．起重工 Crane operator二、柴油机类(Words about diesel engine)1．主机 Main engine2．二冲程柴油机 Two-stroke diesel engine3．四冲程柴油机 Fore-stroke diesel engine4．高速柴油机 High speed diesel engine5．中速柴油机 Middle speed diesel engine6．低速柴油机 Low speed diesel engine7．气缸盖(缸头) Cylinder head8．安全阀 Safety valve9．释放阀 Relief valve10．示功阀 Indicator valve11．示功考克 Indicator cock12．空气起动阀 Air starting valve13．起动空气分配器 Air starting distributor14．油头(燃油喷射器) Fuel injector15．排气阀 Exhaust valve16．气缸套 Cylinder liner17．冷却水套 Cooling water jacket18．气缸注油器 Cylinder lubricator19．活塞 Piston20．活塞头 Piston crown21．活塞裙 Piston skirt22．活塞销 Piston gudgeon pin24．活塞杆 Piston rod25．活塞环 Piston ring26．活塞环槽 Piston ring groove27．压缩环 (气环) Compression ring28．刮油环 (油环) Oil scraper ring29．减磨令 Wear ring (copper ring)30．伸缩管(水拉管) Telescopic pipe31．活塞冷却空间 Piston cooling space32．填料箱(函) Stuffing box33．填料箱密封环Sealing ring for Stuffing box34．填料箱压缩环 Pressure ring for Stuffingbox35．填料箱刮油环Scraper ring for Stuffing box36．扫气箱 Scavenging receiver37．扫气口 Scavenging port38．排气口 Exhaust port39．十字头 Cross head40．十字头销 Crosshead pin41．十字头轴承 Crosshead bearing42．十字头滑块 Crosshead slipper43．滑块 Guide shoe44．十字头导板45．连杆46．连杆大端轴承47．连杆小端轴承 Small end bearing48．曲柄轴承 Crank bearing49．曲柄销 Crank pin50．曲轴 Crank shaft51．曲轴颈 Crank journal52．曲柄臂 Crank web53．拐档差 Crank deflection54．主轴承 Main bearing55．主轴颈 Main journal56．轴承瓦 Bearing bush57．上轴瓦 Upper bearing bush58．上轴瓦 Upper half59．下轴瓦 Lower bearing bush60．下轴瓦 Lower half61．推力轴承 Thrust bearing62．推力块 Thrust pad63．推力盘 Thrust disc64．推力轴 Thrust shaft65．底座 Bed plate66．机架 Frame67．曲柄箱 Crank case68．曲柄箱导门 Crank case door69．曲柄箱防爆门 Explosion-proof Crank case.70．定时齿轮 Timing gear71．飞轮 Flying wheel72．凸轮 Cam73．凸轮轴 Cam shaft74．喷油凸轮 Fuel injection cam75．链条 Chain76．链条轮 Chain wheel77．链条箱 Chain box78．推杆 Push rod79．摇臂 Rocker arm80．排气阀 Exhaust valve81．吸气阀 Suction valve82．排气总管 Exhaust manifold83．进气总管 Air inlet manifold84．高压燃油管 High pressure fuel pipe85．活塞冷却水管 Piston cooling water pipe86．法兰 Flange87．贯穿螺栓 Tie bolt (tie rod)89．滑油泵 Lubricating oil pump90．燃油泵 Fuel oil pump91．滑油泵齿轮 Gear for lubricating oil pump92．燃油泵齿轮 Gear for fuel oil pump93．叶轮 Impeller94．柱塞 Plunger95．导杆 Guide rod96．导套 Sleeve97．滚动轴承 Ball bearing98．滑动轴承 Sliding bearing99．推力滚动轴承Thrust ball bearing100．推力面 Thrust surface (thrust side)101．盘车机 Turning gear102．增压器 Turbocharger103．涡轮机(透平) Turbine104．涡轮 Turbine wheel105．涡轮叶片 Turbine blade106．喷嘴 Nozzle107．废气叶轮 Exhaust impeller108．废气叶轮片 Exhaust blade109．废气端 Exhaust side110．透平端 Turbine side111．转子轴 Rotor shaft112．油泵 L.O.pump113．换向装置 Reversing device114．换向伺服期 Reversing servomotor115．压气机(鼓风机) Blower116．膨胀接 Expansion joint117．调速器 governor118．飞重 Flying weight119．补偿阀 Compensate valve120．针阀 Needle valve121．开口销 Cotter pin122．轴封 Shaft seal123．机械密封 Machinery seal124．配电盘 Switchboard 125．应急配电盘 Emergency switchboard 126．应急发电机 Emergency generator 127．滤器 Filter 128．细滤器 Filter 129．粗滤器 Strainer 130．滑油滤器 L.O. filter 131．燃油滤器 F.O. filter 132．空气消音器 Air intake silencer 132．空气滤器 Air intake filter 133．空气瓶 Air bottle (receiver) 134．分油机 Separator 135．油水分离器 Water-oil separator 136．净油机 Purifier 137．燃油净化器 F.O. purifier 138．二氧化碳 CO2 139．二氧化碳瓶 CO2 bottle 140．正时齿轮 Timing gear 141．导向棒装置 Guide bar 142．注油器驱动 Lubricator driver 143．链条张紧装置 Chain tightener 144．凸轮轴传动轮 Chain wheel on cam shaft 145．中间链链传动轮Intermediate chain wheel 146．注油器驱动装置Lubricator drive 147．链条张紧装置 Chain tightener 148．滚筒导座 Roller guide housing 149．应急操纵台 Emergency console 150．力矩平衡器 Moment compensator 151．主启动阀 Main starting valve 152．启动空气分配器Starting air distributor 153．喷油器 Fuel valve 154．扫气系统 Scavenge air system 155．安全帽 Safety cap 156．机座 Bed plate 157．轴向振动减振器 Axial vibration damper 158．贯穿螺栓 Arrangement of stay bolt 159．示功器驱动装置 Indicator driver 160．端罩 End shields 161．气缸架 Cylinder frame 162．气阀传动装置 Valve operating device 163．摇臂润滑油泵 Rocker arm lubricating oil pump 164．摇臂润滑油柜 Rocker arm lubricating tank 165．摇臂润滑滤器Rocker arm lubricating filter 三、船舶机械类(Words about marine machinery) 1．船用锅炉 Marine boiler 2．废气锅炉 Exhaust boiler 3．辅锅炉 Donkey boiler 4．组合式锅炉 Combined boiler 5．火管 Fire tube 6．给水管 Feed pipe 7．炉膛 Furnace 8．炉墙 Furnace wall 9．火侧 Fire side 10．水侧 Water side 11．燃烧器 Oil burner 12．安全阀 Safety valve 13．上排污 Upper drain 14．下排污 Lower drain 15．锅炉皮阀 Mounting valve 16．水位计 Water level gauge 17．压力表 Pressure gauge 18．主汽门 Main steam valve 19．玻璃管 Glass tube 20．空调装置 Air-conditioning plant 21．制冷装置 Refrigerating plant 22．冰机 Fridge. Machine 23．空气压缩机 Air compressor 24．造水机 Fresh water generator 25．板式冷却器 Plate type cooler 26．机舱天车 Engine room crane 27．天车导轨 Crane rail 28．电磁阀 Solenoid valve 29．舵机 Steering gear 30．舵承 Rudder bearing carrier 31．液压缸 Hydraulic cylinder 32．废气涡轮增压器Exhaust gas turbocharger 33．弹簧阀 Spring loaded valve 34．冷凝器 Condenser 35．分油器 Oil separator 36．轴带发电机 Shaft generator 37．焚烧炉 Oil burner 38．分油机 Separator 39．分离筒 Separator bowl 40．配水盘装置 Paring disc device 41．转数计 Revolution counter 42．控制阀 Control valve 43．辅机 Auxiliary machinery 44．制冷装置 Refrigerating plant 45．海水淡化装置Sea water desalting plant 46．热交换器 Heat exchanger 47．船用气瓶 Marine air bottle 48．冷风机 Cooler unit 49．防水风门 Fire damper 50．气密挡板 Gas tight damper 51．排气风机 Exhaust fan 52．舱室通风机 Cabin fan 53．机舱通风机 Engine room fan 54．应急鼓风机 Emergency blower 四、阀门(Words about valve) 1．吸气阀 Suction valve 2．排气阀 Exhaust valve 3．控制阀 Control valve 4．导 阀 Pilot valve 5．单向阀 Non-return valve 6．口琴阀 Flap valve 7．调节阀 Regulating valve 8．液压阀 Hydraulic valve 9．膨胀阀 Expansion valve 10．给水阀 Feed valve 11．排水阀 Discharge valve 12．截止阀 Stop valve 13．吹泄阀 Blow-off valve 14．空气阀 Air valve 15．泄放阀 Drain valve 16．止回阀 Check valve 17．海底阀 Sea valve 18．回流阀 Retune valve 19．节流阀 Throttle valve 20．进气阀 Inlet valve 21．出气阀 Outlet valve 22．热力阀 Thermal valve 23．中央阀 Center valve 24．单向阀 One way valve 25．二通阀 Two way valve 26．三通阀 Triple valve 27．旁通阀 By-pass valve 28．换向阀 Change-over valve 29．减压阀 Pressure-reducing valve 30．溢流阀 Overflow valve 31．自闭阀 Self-locking valve 32．针阀 Needle valve 33．平衡阀 Balance valve 34．循环阀 Circulation valve 35．主 阀 Main valve 36．滑 阀 Slide valve 37．蝶 阀 Butter-fly valve 38．截止阀 Shut-off valve 39．闸板阀 Gate valve 40．通海阀 Sea suction valve 41．吹除阀 Sea chest cleaning valve 42．防浪阀 Storm valve 43．舱壁阀 Bulkhead valve 44．快关阀 Emergency shut off valve 45．呼吸阀 Breather valve 五、泵类(Words about pump) 1．电动泵 Motor-driven pump 2．柱塞泵 Plunger pump 3．叶片泵 Vane pump 4．回转泵 Rotary pump 5．齿轮泵 Gear pump 6．往复泵 Reciprocating pump 7．离心泵 Centrifugal pump 1．电动泵 Motor-driven pump 2．柱塞泵 Plunger pump 3．叶片泵 Vane pump 4．回转泵 Rotary pump 5．齿轮泵 Gear pump 6．往复泵 Reciprocating pump 7．离心泵 Centrifugal pump 8．真空泵 Vacuum pump 9．螺杆泵 Screw pump 10．喷射泵 Ejector pump 11．冷却泵 Cooling pump 12．淡水泵 Fresh water pump 13．海水泵 Sea water pump 14．给水泵 Feed water pump 15．循环泵 Circulating pump 16．锅炉给水泵 Boiler feed pump 17．卫生水泵 Sanitary pump 18．压载泵 Ballast pump 19．舱底泵 Bilge pump 20．污水泵 Sewage pump 21．燃油泵 Fuel pump 22．高压油泵 High pressure pump 23．底压油泵 Low pressure pump 24．驳运泵 Transfer pump 25．增压泵 Booster pump 26．消防泵 Fire pump 27．通用泵 G.S. pump 28．旋涡泵 Regenerative 29．蜗壳泵 Volute pump 30．导叶泵 Diffuser pump 31．单联泵 Simplex pump 32．双联泵 Duplex pump 33．多联泵 Multiplex pump 34．活塞泵 Piston pump 35．减摇泵 Anti-roll pump 36．总用泵 General service pump 37．应急消防泵Emergency fire pump 38．扫舱泵 Stripping pump 39．货油泵 Cargo oil pump 40．滑油泵 Lubricating oil pump 六、甲板机械类（Deck machinery ） 1．锚机 Windlass 2．锚机轴 Windlass shaft 3．刹车带 Brake lining 4．离合器 Clutch 5．锚链轮 Anchor Chain wheel 6．轴承瓦 Bearing bush 7．轴承盖 Bearing cover 8．绞揽机 Capstan 9．系揽绞车 Mooring winch 10．卷缆车 Reel 11．钢丝绳 Wire rope 12．卡环 Shackle 13．缆绳 Mooring rope 14．滑轮 Block 15．刹车装置 Brake device 16．制链器 Anchor chain stopper 17．舱盖滚轮 Hatch cover wheel 18．舱盖铰链 Hatch cover hinge 19．液压油缸 Hydraulic jack 20．起货机 Cargo winch 21．可令吊 Crane 22．生活吊 Accommodation crane 23．吊杆 Derrick boom 24．桅杆 Mast 25．救生艇 Lifeboat 26．艇架 Davit 27．艇机 Lifeboat capstan 28．救生筏 Life raft 29．救生衣 Life jacket七、工具类(Word about tools)1．车床 Lathe2．刨床 Planing machine3．钻床 Drill machine4．砂轮机 Grinding machine5．磨床 Grinder6．铣床 Milling machine7．镗床 Boring machine8．手锤Engineer’s hammer9．冲击板手 Impact wrench10．板手 Spanner11．活络板手 Screw spanner12．梅花板手 Ring spanner13．呆扳手 Open spanner15．套筒板手 Socket spanner16．管子钳 Pipe spanner17．螺丝刀 Screw driver18．钢丝钳 Wire pliers19．尖嘴钳 Long nose pliers20．钢锯 Hack saw21．剪刀 Scissors22．手电筒 Torch23．扁铲(凿子) Chisel24．锉刀 File25．丝攻 Thread tap26．板牙 Thread die27．绞刀 Reamer28．刮刀 Scraper29．油石 Oil stone30．拔子(拉马) Puller31．沙布 Emery cloth32．破布 Rag33．卷尺 Measuring tape34．空心冲 Hole punch35．样冲 Joint punch36．油壶 Oil gun37．牛油枪 Grease gun38．手电钻 Handle drill39．钻头 Drill40．液压千斤 Hydraulic jack.41．塞尺 Feeler gauge42．游标卡尺 Vernier caliper43．外卡尺 Outside calipers44．内卡尺 Inside calipers45．螺纹量规 Screw gauge46．桥规 Bridge gauge47．电焊机 Electrode welding machine 48．气焊机 Gas welding machine49．电焊钳 Electric welding pliers 50．气割枪 Cutting touch51．电焊条 Electric soldering iron 52．电工刀 Electrician knife53．电笔 Test pen54．剥线钳 Wire stripping pliers 55．圆规 Compass56．量表 Gauge57．拐档表 Crank deflection gauge 58．深度规 Depth gauge59．千分表 Micrometer gauge60．台虎钳 Table vice61．柴油 Diesel oil62．滑油 Lubricating oil63．液压油 Hydraulic oil64．重油 Heavy oil65．燃油 Fuel oil66．黄油 Grease67．螺栓 Bolt68．螺帽 Nut69．垫片 Washer70．研磨沙 Grinding sand71．研磨膏 Grinding paste72．石棉板 Asbestos plate73．青壳纸 Fish paper74．盘根 Packing75．细钢丝 Thin steel wire76．密封圈 Rubber seal ring 77．塑料管 Plastic pipe78．胶皮管 Rubber hose79．电灯泡 Electric bulb80．工作灯 Working lamp81．插头 Electric plug82．插座 Electric socket.93．喷砂机 Sand blaster outfit94．空气马达 Air motor95．油柜清洁器 Tank cleaning machine96．高压冲水机High pressure hose forhydraulic97．真空泵 Vacuum pump98．套筒扳手组 Socket wrench set99．深头套筒 Deep socket wrench100．套筒扳手 Box wrench101．单开口扳手 Single open end wrench102．双开口扳手 Double open end wrench103．转矩扳手 Torque wrench104．电动机扳手 Motor wrench105．侧剪钳 Slide cutting plier106．活节钳 Combination plier107．可调快速扳手Speed wrench108．螺丝起子 Screwdriver109．偏向螺丝起子Offset screw110．六角螺帽起子组Hexagon nut drivers set111．手摇钻 Straight hand drill112．手工锯 Hacksaw frame113．锯片 Hacksaw blade114．砂纸 Silicon paper115．手拉葫芦 Chain block116．高压管 High pressure hose117．液压千金顶 Hydraulic jack118．锤子 Hammer119．平錾 Cold chisel120．活动扳手 Adjustable wrench121．螺丝刀 Screwdriver122．侧剪铗 Side cutting hipper123．螺栓剪 Cable cutter124．敲击管钳 Rap wrench125．砂轮 Grinding wheel126．老虎钳 Utility vise127．直梯 Straight ladder128．踏梯 Step ladder129．平台推车 Platform trunk130．搬平车 Gas cylinder carrier131．给油机 Grease lubricator132．强力油泵 Heavy duty pump oiler133．油壶 Oil jag134．麻花钻 Twist drill135．绞刀 Pin reamer136．旋转中心钻Rolling center137．外径测微计Outside micrometer withcounter138．六折式尺 Six-folding rule139．弹性带尺 Convex rule140．不锈钢直尺 Stainless steel straightrule141．平面规 Surface gauge142．平行直角定规Precision flat try square143．温度计 Thermometer八、常用物料(Material in common use)1．阀研磨剂 valve grinding compound2．电焊条 steel electrode3．气焊条 Steel welding wire4．细钢丝绳 Seizing wire5．刚焊条 Steel welding rod6．紫铜管 Copper tube7．乙炔气瓶 Acetylene cylinder8．木屑 Saw dust9．水泥 Cement10．石灰 Lime11．帆布手套 Canvas glove12．垫片 Gasket.13．氧气瓶 Oxygen cylinder14．抹布 Rag15．垫隙片 Shim16．电线 Wire17．电缆 Electric cylinder18．电池 Rag19．灯泡 Bulb20．胶布 Insulating tape21．插头 Plug22．插座 Socket23．保险丝 Fuse24．不锈钢 Stainless steel25．铸铁 Cast iron26．黄铜 Brass27．青铜 Bronze28．铝合金 Aluminium alloy29．橡胶 Rubber30．石棉 Asbestus31．低碳钢 Soft steel32．高碳钢 High-carbon steel33．合金钢 Alloy steel34．木材 Wood35．塑料 Plastic36．球墨铸铁 Nodular iron九、常用紧固件(Part of fixation in common use)1．螺栓 Bolt2．螺丝 Screw3．螺母 Nut4．方头螺栓 Sq head bolt5．埋头螺栓 Counter sunk head screw6．套筒螺栓 Socket head bolt7．定位螺栓 Set screw8．十字接头 Cross9．锥形销 Taper pin10．锁紧螺母 Lock nut11．六角头螺栓 Hex head bolt十、常用油类(Oil in common use)1．汽油 Gas oil2．煤油 Kerosene3．润滑油 Lubricating oil4．汽缸油 Cylinder oil5．压缩机油 Compressor oil6．齿轮油 Gear oil7．机油 Motor oil8．凡士林 Vaseline9．燃油 Fuel oil10．油脂 Grease11．柴油 Diesel oil十一、常用量词(Quantifier in common use)1．件，只，个 Piece2．条，张，片 Sheet3．双 Pair4．套，组，副 Set.5．盒 Box6．箱 Case7．瓶 Bottle8．米 Meter9．厘米 Centimeter10．毫米 Millimeter11．公斤 Kilogram12．克 Gram13．公升 Liter14．平方 Square15．袋 Bag16．码 Yard17．吨 Ton18．磅 Pound19．加仑 Gallon20．立方 Cubic十二、国家名称(Name of country)1．中国 China2．美国 American3．日本 Japan4．英国 Britain5．法国 France6．德国 German7．韩国 South Korea8．希腊 Greece9．泰国 Thailand10．印度 India11．挪威 Norway12．俄罗斯 Russia13．新加坡 Singapore14．澳大利亚 Australia15．伊朗 Iran16．丹麦 Denmark17．加拿大 Canada18．丹麦 Denmark19．芬兰 Finland20．巴基斯坦 Pakistan21．意大利 Italy十三、常用缩语(abbreviation in common use) 1．主机 M/E2．付机 A/E3．阀 V/V4．泵 P/P5．备车 St/by6．完车 F.W.E.7．前进三 FAHD8．微速后退 D.S.Ast9．前进二 H.Ahd10．高压 H.P.11．低压 L.P.12．重油/柴油 H.O./D.O.13．前后 F/A14．左舷 P: port15．无人机舱 UMS16．自动 Auto17．气缸 Cyl18．燃油柜 19．滑油柜 20．沉淀柜 .21．排出 Disc22．吸入 Suct23．柴油柜 十四、船用动态常用单词(marine tends word) 1．停靠 Alongside2．接近 Approach3．停泊 Berth4．浮筒 Buoy5．码头 Pier6．港口 Port7．移泊 Shift8．航次 Voyage9．试验 Try10．值班 Watch11．航行 Sail十五、船舶机电设备操作词汇(manipulate of marine equipment) 1．调整 Adjust2．压载 Ballast3．转换 Change over4．清洁 Clean5．联接 Connect6．排放压载 Deballast7．放残水 Drain8．卸载 Off9．油漆 Paint10．接通 Put on11．吹灰 Soot blown12．开始 Start13．顶端 Top14．洗 Wash15．吹 Blow16．检查 Check17．铲 Chip18．断开 Cut out19．排放 Discharge20．除垢 Descale21．检验 Examine 22．受载 On(load)23．用泵排出 Pump out24．调整 Set25．停止 Stop26．调驳 Transfer27．加满 Top up十六、故障常用单词 (words about malfunction)1．失常的 Abnormal2．烧坏 Burn3．堵塞 Clog4．裂缝 Crack5．变形 Deform6．毁坏 Destroy7．磨损 Wear8．出故障 In trouble9．敲击 Knock10．松开 Loose11．不对中 Misalign12．不足的 Insufficient13．失灵 Out of order14．过载 Overload15．过度磨损 Over-worn16．尺寸过大 Oversized17．尺寸过小 Under-sized18．振动 Vibrate19．不平的 Uneven20．不准确 Inaccurate21．全船断电 Black out22．出故障 Fail23．关掉 Shut off24．弯曲 Bend25．停车 Break drown26．腐蚀 Corrode27．腐蚀的 Corrosive28．损坏 Damage29．有毛病的 Faulty30．有缺陷的 Defective31．破裂 Fracture32．卡住 Jam33．漏泄 Leak34．漏泄的 Leaky35．融化 Melt36．噪声 Noise37．过热 Overheat38．咬住 Seize39．紧的 Tight40．松的 Loosen41．发现 Find42．停止 Stop43．脏的 Dirty44．油污的 greasy45．失效的 ineffective46．椭圆形的 oval47．点不着火 misfire48．接错 misjoin49．放错 misplace50．老化 perish51．麻点 pit52．凸起 ridge53．划伤 score54．拉痕 scuff十七、保养检修常用词汇(Words about maintain and examination)1．卡死 Blind2．用卡钳量 Caliper3．关闭 Close4．解体 Disassemble5．安装 Fix6．组装 Box up7．检验 Check8．拆卸 Dismantle9．装配 Fit10．紧固 Fasten11．测量 Gauge12．安装 Install13．测量 Measure14．打开 Open15．上油漆 Paint16．换新 Renew17．上紧 Tighten18．洗 Wash19．涂油脂 Grease20．松开 Loosen21．加油 Oil22．检修 Overhaul23．重新组装 Reassemble24．测取读数 Take reading25．拧开螺栓 Unbolt26．抽出 Withdraw十八、常用数字(Numeral in common use)一 One二 Two三 Three四 Four五 Five六 Six七 Seven八 Eight九 Nine十 Ten十一 Eleven十二 Twelve十三 Thirteen十四 Fourteen十五 Fifteen十六 Sixteen十七 Seventeen十八 Eighteen十九 Nineteen二十 Twenty三十 Thirty四十 Forty五十 Fifty六十 Sixty七十 Seventy八十 Eighty九十 Ninety百 Hundred千 Thousand万 Ten thousand百万 Million第一 First第二 Second第三 Third第四 Fourth第五 Fifth第六 Sixth第七 Seventh第八 Eighth第九 Ninth第十 Tenth第十一 Eleventh第十二 Twelfth第二十 Twentieth十九、时间、季节与方向(Time、Season and Direction)1．星期一 Monday2．星期二 Tuesday3．星期三 Wednesday4．星期四 Thursday5．星期五 Friday6．星期六 Saturday7．星期日 Sunday8．春季 Spring9．夏季 Summer10．秋季 Autumn11．冬季 Winter12．一月 January 13．二月 February 14．三月 March 15．四月 April 16．五月 May 17．六月 June 18．七月 July 19．八月 August 20．九月 September 21．十月 October 22．十一月 November 23．十二月 December 24．小时 Hour 25．分钟 Minute 26．秒 Second 27．月 Month 28．天 Day 29．夜 Night 30．周 Week 31．早晨、上午 Morning 32．下午 Afternoon 33．傍晚 Evening 34．正午 Noon 35．今天 Today 36．昨天 Yesterday 37．明天 Tomorrow 38．前天 The day before yesterday 39．后天 The day after tomorrow 40．本周 This week 41．上周 Last week 42．下周 Next week 43．九月十日 Sep.10th44．去年 Last year 45．明年 Next year 46．上周二 Last Tuesday 47．下周一 Next Monday 48．东 East 49．西 West 50．南 South 51．北 North 52．西北 Northwest 53．东北 Northeast 54．东南 Southeast 55．西南 Southwest 56．世纪 Century 二十、常用词组（Phrases in common use ） 1234．发现不正常 found out of order 5．发现不合标准 found not up to standard 6．发现不准确 found inaccurate 7．发现失去作用 found out of function 8．发现轧住 found seized 9．发现过热 found overheated 10．发现过度磨损 found excessive wear 11．发现过度磨掉 found worn out 12．发现有一点倾斜 found a little bit inclined 13．发现不正常 found abnormal 14． 发现因过热而损坏found destroyed by overheating 15．发现龟裂 found chapped 16．发现塌陷 found collapsed 17．发现运转失灵 found out of operation 18．发现呈椭圆形 found oval 19．发现拉痕 found scored 20．发现拉毛 found scuffed 21．发现变形 found deformed 22．发现松动 found loose 23．发现油污 found greasy 24．发现肮脏 found dirty 25．发现咬住 found stuck 26．发现挤压 found squeezed 27．发现弯曲 found bent 28．发现故障 found faulty 29．发现损坏 found damaged 30．发现破碎成片 found broken to pieces 31．发现部分剥离 found partly detached 32．发现部分堵塞 found partly choked 33．发现剧烈震动 found violent vibration 34．发现烧坏 found burnt 35．发现断裂 found fractured 36．发现接地 found earthed 37．发现敲缸 found knocking 38．发现溶化 found melted away 39．发现泄漏 found leaking (found leaky) 40．发现冻结 found stuck fast by icing 41．发现锈蚀 found rusty 42．发现失效 found ineffective 43．发现故障 found out of order 44．发现结霜 found frosted 45．发现丢失 found lost 46．发现出故障 found in trouble 47．发现失灵 found out of order 48．发现失灵 found out of action 49．发现不一致 found out of operation 50．发现错位 found out of place 二十一、常用动词和例句 (Verb in common use and example) 1．借 borrow 我要向你借这份图纸 I want to borrow the drawing from you. 我可以向你借这个手锤吗? May I borrow the hammer from you? 2．裂 break 阀杆断裂了 The valve spindle is broken. 滚动轴承断裂成碎片了 The ball bearing are broken to pieces. 3．加强 build up 叶轮应该堆焊 The impeller should be built up by welding. 4． 烧 burn 电动机烧了 The motor is burnt. 5． 进行 carry out 应进行负载试验 The load test should be carried out. 6．吹blow 管子必须用压缩空气吹清 The pipe should be blown with compressed air. 7．铸 cast 按原样铸造一个Cast one piece as per sample. 8．引起 cause 损坏是有剧烈振动引起的The damage was caused by violent vibration. 9．倒角 chamfer 油槽须倒角 Oil groove is to be chamfered. 法兰切削后须倒角The flange should be chamfered after being machined. 10．换掉 change 把它们换掉,否则我拒绝验收 Have them changed, otherwise I refuse to accept them. 11．龟裂 chap 轴瓦上的白合金龟裂了The white metal on the bearing bush is chapped. 12．核查 check 用桥规核查主轴承 Check the main bearing with bridge gauge. 修理前后要核查拐档Check the crankshaft deflection before and after repair. 13．清洁 clean 装前须清洁 Clean it before fit back. 14．阻塞 clog 燃油滤器阻塞了 The fuel filter is clogged. 15．涂漆 coat 用红丹涂管子 Coat the pipe with red lead. 泵壳里涂防护漆The pump casing is to be coated with anti-fouling. 16．完成 complete finish 你什么时候能完成修理工作? When can you complete (finish) the repair job? 17．连接 connect 把电动机和淡水泵连接起来 Connect the motor with the fresh water pump 18．腐蚀 corrode 泵壳和叶轮均有腐蚀The pump casing and impeller are corroded. 19．盖 cover 请把所有卸下的部件盖起来 Please cover all the removed parts. 20．裂 二号缸头裂开穿透至冷却水空间 No.2 cylinder head is cracked. 21．吊 crane 把液压马达吊上岸去修理 Crane the hydraulic motor ashore for repair. 22．割 cut 把底座割掉 Cut off the bedplate. 23．损坏 damage 滚动轴承严重损坏 The ball bearings are seriously damaged. 24．脱落 detach 白合金部分脱落了 The white metal is partly detached. 25．查看 detect 查看氟里昂系统有无泄漏 Detect the Freon system for leakage.26．解体 disassemble 解体,清洁并检查高压油泵Disassemble, clean and check the H.P. fuel pump. 27．脱开 disconnect 把起动空气管脱开 Disconnect the starting air pipe. 将发电机与原动机脱开。
最全轮机英语专业词汇
最全轮机英语专业词汇专业词汇Special Terms第一部分柴油机Diesel Engine二冲程船用柴油机two stroke marine diesel engine四冲程船用柴油机four stroke marine diesel engine高（中，低）速柴油机high(medium,lower)speed engine 气缸cylinder气缸盖cylinder cover(cylinder head)苏尔寿发动机Sulzer engineB&W型发动机Burmeister and Wain engine 哥塔维根型发动机Gotaverken engine曼恩型发动机M.A.N.engineV型发动机V-type engine直流扫气式发动机uniflow scavenging type engine回流扫气式发动机loop flow scavenging type engine 横流扫气式发动机crow-flow scavenging type engine 十字头式发动机crosshead engine筒形活塞式发动机trunk-ppiston engine涡轮增压式发动机turbocharge engine固定部件fixed parts耐磨部件wear parts运动部件moving parts互换部件interchangeable parts气缸套cylinder liner示功阀indicator cock(indicator valve)安全阀safety valve气缸启动阀cylinder air starting valve缸套顶圈head ring for cylinder liner排气阀exhaust valve进气阀air inlet valve(suction valve)气阀传动机构valve driving mechanism顶杆tapper rod推杆push rod摇臂rocker rod (rocking lever)活塞pistion十字头式活塞crosshead type pistion筒形活塞trunk pistion活塞头pistion crown(head)活塞裙pistion skirt活塞体pistion body活塞销pistion pin(gudgeon pin)活塞环pistion ring气环（压缩环）compression ring刮油环oil scraper ring(oil ring,scraper ring)布油环oil distributing ring耐磨环wear ring活塞环槽pistion ring groove活塞冷却水管pistion cooling pipe往复管reciprocating pipe伸缩管telescope pipe铰链管articulated pipe活塞杆pistion rod活塞杆凸缘pistion rod flange活塞杆填料函stuffing box for pistion rod活塞杆填料箱gland box for pistion rod.packing gland for pistion rod填料函壳体stuffing box casing填料函张力弹簧tension spring for stuffing box填料函密封环sealing ring for stuffing box填料函刮油环scraper ring for stuffing box填料函压环pressure ring for stuffing box填料函压盖stuffing box gland十字头cross head十字头销cross head pin十字头销轴承cross head bearing(cross head pin bearing)十字头滑块cross head shoe(guide shoe)十字头导板cross head guide(guide rail,guide way,guide plate)连杆connecting rod连杆小端轴承connecting rod small end bearing连杆大端轴承connecting rod large end bearing;connecting rod bottom end bearing曲柄销轴承crankpin bearing曲轴crank shaft曲轴臂crank arm曲轴销crank pin曲轴箱crankcase曲轴箱道门crankcase door(crankcase manhole)曲轴箱防爆门crankcase explosion door主轴承main bearing (bed plate bearing)倒挂式主轴承main bearing of under slung type轴承轴瓦上半块bearing bush-upper half轴承衬下半块bearing shell-lower half主轴承撑杆螺栓main bearing stay bolt主轴颈crank shaft journal(main journal)机座bed plate底座横隔板bed plate transverse member机架frame(column,entablature)底角螺栓holding down bolt (anchor bolt)贯穿螺栓through bolt (tie rod,tie bolt)贯穿螺栓护盖protecting covering for tie rod贯穿螺栓导套guide bush for tie rod推力轴thrust shaft推力轴承thrust bearing推力块thrust pad盘车机turning gear废气涡轮增压器exhaust gas turbocharge (turbo-blower)增压系统super charging system机械增压mechanical supercharging单（复）式增压系统single(complex)type super charging system 二级增压two-stage supercharging定压增压系统constant pressure charging system脉冲增压系统impulse pressure charging system变压增压variable pressure charging system串联增压super charging in series syatem并联增压super charging in parallel system直流扫气unislow scavenging回流扫气loop scavenging横流扫气cross scavenging气口扫气port scavenging气口-气阀扫气port-valve scavenging扫气口scavenging port排气口exhaust port排气总管exhaust manifold排气管exhaust pipe上止点top dead center(TDC)下止点bottom dead center(BDC)燃烧室combustion chamber吸气行程inlet(suction) atroke压缩行程compression stroke做功行程power (working) stroke排气行程exhaust stroke定时图timing diagram指示功indicated power轴功shaft power示功图indicator power控制系统control system启动控制装置control devic for starting起动装置starting devic主起动阀main starting valve空气压缩机air compressor空气瓶air bottle(air container,air cylinder,air reservoir)起动手柄starting lever(starting handle)起动空气控制阀starting air control valve起动空气导阀starting air pilot valve起动阀starting valve分级活塞stepped pistion起动阀连锁装置starting valve blocking device起动凸轮starting cam起动空气管starting air pipe单凸轮换向装置single cam reversing device双凸轮换向装置double cam reversing device正车凸轮ahead cam正车油缸ahead oil cylinder (ahead oil bottle)自动停车装置automatic cut-out device空气分配器凸轮air distributor cam转向指示器running direction indicator换向杆reversing lever换向控制杆reversing control lever排气凸轮exhaust cam喷油凸轮fuel cam主起动阀手轮hand wheel for starting valve飞轮flywheel;turning wheel调速器goernor调速装置control device for running the engine极限调速装置maximum-speed governor gear定速调速装置constant-speed governor gear全制式调速装置variable-speed governor gear机械调速器mechanical governor液压调速器hydraulic governor车钟telegraph凸轮传动机构camshaft transmission gear链条传动chain transmission(chain drive)齿轮传动gear tansmission链轮sprocket (sprocket wheel)惰轮idle wheel备车stand by engine完车finish engine停车stop engine微速前进（后退）dead slow ahead (astern)前进（后退）一slow ahead (astern)前进（后退）二half ahead (astern)前进（后退）三full ahead (astern)紧急前进（后退）三emergency full ahead(astern)起动start倒车reverse空气分配器air distributor气缸注油器cylinder lubricator第2 部分制冷和空调制冷refrigeration空调air conditioning通风ventilation盐水制冷brine refrigeration热电制冷thermoelectric refrigeration 蒸汽压缩循环vapour-compression cyle制冷剂refrigerant直接制冷剂primary refrigerant间接制冷剂secondary refrigerant氟利昂freon氟化氢fluorinated hydrocarbon临界温度critical temperature压缩机compressor蒸发器evaporator感温包sensing bulb膨胀阀expansion valve电磁阀solenoid valve干燥器drier/dryer冷凝器condenser储液器liquid receiver油分离器oil seperator中间冷却器inter cooler内部均压装置internal equalizer风冷冷凝器air-cooled condenser双阀座截止阀double seat stop valve手动能量控制阀hand capacity control valve水量调节阀water regulating valve气动薄膜碟阀pneumatic film flap valve出液阀delivery valve出液管outlet pipe外平衡管outer balance pipe半封闭式压缩机semi-enclosed compressor节流阀throttle valve加湿器humidifier回油装置oil-return device回气管return pipe自动水量调节阀automatic water regulating valve自动液压能量控制装置automatic hydraulic capacity control device 压力控制器pressure control压差控制器differential pressure control吸入截止阀suction stop valve吸入滤网suction stainer充液阀charging valve冷凝器进入阀condenser inlet valve冷凝器出液阀condenser outlet valve冷却盘管cooling coil冷库insulted hold空气加热器air heater空气滤清器air cleaner油位检查镜inspection glass for oil level油预热器oil preheater卸载油缸unloading cylinder波纹管bellows制冷剂瓶refrigerant bottle热力膨胀阀thermostatic expansion valve毛细管capillary tube膜片diaphragm阀孔隙orifice恒温器thermostant诱导器inducer背压调节阀back-pressure valve浮动式自动回油阀floating type automatic oil return valve热交换器heat exchanger高压继电器high voltage relay温度调节器humidistat能量调节阀capacity regulator通风机ventilator舱室温度控制器cabin type temperature control排气融霜管discharge defrost pipe液位控制器liquid level control液体分离器liquid separator捡漏灯halide lamp船用臭氧发生器marine ozonizer温包式温度控制器phial type temperature controller湿度控制器humidity controller蒸发盘管evaporator coil tube散热器radiator空气调节器air conditioner二次空气系统secandary air conditioning system中央空调系统central air conditioning system高速诱导式空调系统high speed induction air conditioning system 半导体空调器semi-conductor air conditioner热泵式空调器heat-pump air conditioner窗式空调器window-type air conditioner毛发式气动湿度控制器pneumatic hair humidity controller风管air pipe出风栅outlet grid再加热盘管reheating coil空气干燥室air drying chamber顶式布风器top ventilator进风栅inlet grid挡水曲板curve flap翅片管tuberculat pipe散热盘管radiator coil tube挡板baffle翅状散热片fin波形散热片gill单风管系统single duct system双风管系统twin duct system分区加热器zone heater终端加热器terminal-heater压力通风plenum第3部分燃，滑油系统及油参数Fuel System ,Lubricating System &Oil Properties燃油系统fuel oil system双层底油舱double bottom fuel tank粗滤器strainer细滤器filter双联细滤器dual oil filter(duplex oil filter)燃油驳运泵fuel transfer pump沉淀柜settling tank分油机oil separator滑油柜/日用油柜lubricating oil tank\daily service tank加热器heater增压泵booster pump三通阀three way valve集油井oil head tank (oil header,oil collector buffer tank ,balance tank)高压油泵（燃油喷射泵)fuel injection pump油孔式喷油泵（柱塞式油泵，plunger type fuel injection pump布式油泵）(Bosch fuel injection pump)回油孔fuel return hole进油孔fuel inlet hole柱塞（芯子）plunger柱塞套筒（柱塞导管）plunger guide bush(plunger barrel,plunger load)调节齿杆（调节齿条）control rack(toothed control rod)调节齿圈（调节齿套）control sleeve(control pinion)排油阀fuel delivery valve回油阀式高压油泵spill valve type fuel injection pump进油阀suction valve (spill valve,blowthrough valve)油量调节机构fuel relgulation linkage油泵行程调节杆regulating lever for pump stoke油压调节阀fuel pressure regulating valve保压阀pressure retaining valve高压油管high pressure fuel pipe喷油器fuel injector,fuel valve,fuel injection valve喷油器壳体fuel injector holder(fuel injector housing)喷油嘴injectin nozzle(nozzle)针阀needle valve针阀顶杆spindle溢流管overflow pipe蒸汽加热器steam heater蒸汽加热管steam heating pipe蒸汽加热盘管steam heating coil润滑系统lubricating system干油底壳式润滑dry oil sump type lubrication湿油底壳式润滑wet oil sump type lubrication飞溅润滑splash lubrication中压（低压）润滑系统medium pressure lubrication system(low pressure lubrication system)气缸润滑cylinder lubrication轴承润滑bearing lubrication气缸注油器oil squirt(cylinder lubricator)吸油管suction duct(suction line)储油箱oil storage tank调节控制杆control lever for adjusting oil油孔oil orifice(oil hole)油道oil way(oil channel)油底壳oil sump(sump tank,crank bilge)污油柜oil sludge tank滑油循环柜circulating lube oil tank滑油粗滤器lube oil strainer滑油泵lube oil pump滑油冷却器lube oil cooler比重（相对密度）specific gravity (relative density)黏度viscosity发火质量ignition quality十六烷值cetane number柴油指数diesel index闪点（开口/闭口）flash point (open /closed)倾点pour point浊点cloud point凝点freezing point残碳值carbon residue灰份ash content水分water content硫分sulphur content热值calorific value机械杂质mechanical impurities油品等级grade of oil馏程distilling rang矾含量vanadium content铝含量alumminium content船用轻柴油marine gas oil (MGO)船用燃料油marine fuel oil(MFO)船用柴油marine diesel oil (MDO)中间燃料油internal fuel oil添加剂additive总酸值total acid number(TAN)强酸值strong acid number (SAN)总碱值total base number (TBN)沉淀物含量sediment抗氧化安定性oxidation resistance抗腐蚀性corrosion极压添加剂extreme pressure additive黏度指数viscosity index第4部分泵及其系统Pump &Pumping System船用泵marine pump立式泵vertical pump卧式泵horizontal pump单缸泵single cylinder pump双缸泵duplex pump单（双）作用泵single(double)-acting pump单级泵single-stage pump双级泵double-stage pump定量泵constant-delivery pump变量泵constant displacement pump(constant delivey pump)自吸式泵self-priming pump非自吸式泵none-self priming pump容积式泵displacement pump轴流泵axial-flow pump离心泵centrifugal pump往复泵reciprocating pump活塞泵pistion pump柱塞泵plunger pump径向柱塞泵radial plunger pump轴向柱塞泵axial plunger pump回转泵rotary pump叶片泵vane pump单（双）作用叶片泵single(double)-acting pump齿轮泵gear pump水环泵water ring pump内（外）齿轮泵inside(outside)gearing pump螺杆泵screw pum液压泵hydraulic pump径流泵radial-flow pump旋涡泵volute pump喷射泵ejector pump蒸汽直接作用泵direct-acting steam driven pump主机驱动泵min-engine-driven pump冷却水（油）泵cooling water(oil)pump给水泵feed pump备用给水泵donkey feed water pump卫生水泵sanitary pump出灰泵ash-ejecting pump压载水泵ballast pump污水泵sewage pump凝水泵condensate pump引水泵priming pump(primer pump)盐水泵brine pump淡水泵fresh water pump消防泵fire pump舱底水泵bilge pump循环泵circulating pump真空泵vacuum pump驳运泵transfer pump排污泵slusge pump变量泵variable output pump洗仓泵tank cleaning pump增压泵booster pump泵壳pump housing泵体pump body泵缸pump cylinder泵缸套pump line填料箱stuffing box吸入阀suction valve净正吸入压头net positive suction head (NPSH)系统水头损失system head loss泵浦特性曲线pump characteristic curve排出discharge (delivery)流道liquid path叶轮impeller (vane wheel)扩压管diffuser蜗壳volute管路pipe line旋塞（考克）cock止回阀non-return valve碟形阀butterfly valve闸板阀gate valve转阀rotary(rotating) valve滑阀slide (sliding)valve球形阀globe valve安全阀relief valve速闭阀quick closing valve (strip valve)集中引水系统central priming system (CPS)第5部分船用锅炉Mair Boiler火（水）管锅炉fire (water) tube boiler立（卧）式锅炉vertical (horizonatal)boiler直（横，弯，盘，指）管锅炉straight(cross,bent,coil,thimble)-tube boiler 废气锅炉exhaust boiler管式锅炉tubular boiler筒形锅炉cylindr boiler (shell type boiler)鼓筒形锅炉drum boiler燃油辅助锅炉oil-burning auxiliary boiler立式横烟管锅炉vertical fire tube boiler卧式三回程火管锅炉horizontal triple-pass fire tube boiler盘管式强制循环废气锅炉coil-tube forced-circulation exhaust boiler人孔门manhole door水包water drum水管联箱water header水冷壁water-cooled wall (water screen, water wall)上升管riser tube下降管down comer后水冷壁rear water wall tube侧水冷壁side water wall tube沸腾联箱steaming header沸水管boiling-water tube炉膛furnace (fire box)炉胆furnace flue炉排fire bar(fire grate)炉门fire door炉衣boiler clothing (boiler lagging)炉墙furnace wall耐火砖衬层fire-brick lining挡烟墙baffle wall给水阀feed water valve给水截止阀feed water stop valve给水止回阀feed water check valve汽鼓（汽锅筒）steam drum汽水分离器steam purifier (steam separator)内给水管intrnal feed pipe给水离子交换器feed water ion exchanger省煤器（经济器）economizer上部联管upper header下部联管lower header前部联管front header后部联管rear header进口分配联管inlet distributing header出口分配联管outlet distributing header水位表water level gauge玻璃水位表glass water level gauge低位水位表bottom water level gauge远距离水位显示计remote water level indicator水位计分支阀（通汽考克，通水考壳）water level root valve(steam cock,water cock)光滑管plain tube带肋片的蛇形管coil tube with ribs水位调节器water level regulator低水位保险装置low-water level cut-off device危险水位报警器low-water level alarm热水井hot well热水循环泵hot water regulating pump水处理water treatment上排污阀surface blow-down valve底部排污阀bottom blow down valve上（下）部吹除阀surface(bottom) blow-off valve浮渣盘scum dish烟管smoke tube烟箱smoke chamber(smoke box)烟道smoke flue烟囱chimney(funnel)烟喉furnace uptake牵条stay牵条管stay tube支承管support tube波形管sinuflo tube麻花管swirlyflo tube吹灰器soot blower单层盘管single-layer tube燃烧器oil burner燃油预热器oil preheater雾化器burner atomize (sprayer)雾化片sprayer plate喷油嘴burner tip (nozzle)喷油嘴管架nozzle support喷油嘴体nozzle holder喷孔nozzle hole(nozzle orifice)旋涡室swirl chamber点火器igniter点火喷油嘴ignition nozzle点火变压器ignition transformer预燃室precombustion chamber调风器air register调风门air damper风门throttle (air intake flap)风门伺服器servomotor for throttle regulation 风口draught door风箱burner wind box风机blower手调风门hand regulating throttle空气调温器air attemperator空气扩散盘air diffuse disk导流器air director空气调节器air regulator (air register)强制通风机force draught fan火焰检测器flame detector火口fire hole(combustion head)比例操作器proportional ratio apparatus压力比例操作器pressure ratio regulator停汽阀steam stop valve集汽管steam receive蒸汽分配器steam distributor阻汽器steam trap过热器super-heater减热器desuper heater旋风汽水分离器cyclone steam separator除氧器deaerator第6部分液压甲板机械Hydraulic Deck Machinery液压泵hydraulic pump径向柱塞泵radial plunger pump中央阀center valve配油轴oil distribution shaft配油盘oil distribution disc配油套oil distribution sleeve配油口oil distribution port配油壳oil distribution casing配油阀oil distribution valve浮动环floating ring压力管pressure pipe伺服活塞srevo-pistion差动活塞differential pistion倾斜盘swash plate液压放大器hydraulic amplifier液压马达hydraulic motor高速小扭矩油马达high speed low torque oil motor齿轮式（叶片式，轴向柱塞式）油马达gear-type (vane-type,axial-plunger-type)oil motor低速大扭矩油马达low speed high torque oil motor柱塞式油马达plunger-type oil motor径向柱塞式油马达radial-plunger-type oil motor单作用径向柱塞式油马达single-acting radial-plunger-type oil motor轴向双斜盘式油马达axial-double-tilting frame type oil motor液压油缸hydraulic oil cylinder单作用柱塞油缸single-acting plunger oil cylinder摆动油缸oscillating oil cylinder差动油缸differential oil cylinder转叶式油缸rotary-vane-type oil cylinder定叶fixed vane转叶rotary vane密封条sealing strip定子stator转子totor压力控制阀pressure control valve顺序阀sequence valve直控～direct-control valve单向～one-way valve(check valve)卸载～off-load valve遥控～telecontrolled valve液控～hydraulically controlled valve减压阀pressure-reducing valve定压～constant pressure valve定差～constant difference valve定比～constant ratio valve溢流阀overflow valve先导式～pilot valve直动式～direct-acting valve差动式～differential valve流量控制阀flow control valve节流阀throttle valve调速阀speed-regulating valve方向控制阀direction control valve直通式～straight one-way valve直角式～angle one way valve手动截止阀hand stop valve (hand cut-off valve)双路油压自锁阀double-circuit oil pressure self-closing valve换向阀change-over valve (change valve)电磁～electro-magnetic valve电液～electro-hydraulic valve转阀（滑阀）ritary valve (side valve)三位四通阀three-position four-way valve主阀main valve辅阀auxiliary valve先导阀pilot valve阻尼孔damper hole节流缝隙throttle slot舵机steering gear定量泵开式系统open oil system of the constant delivery pump变量泵闭式系统closed oil system of the variable delivery pump撞杆式舵机ram type steering gear转叶式舵机rotary vane type steering gear工况选择阀operating mode selector valve手动旁通阀hand by-pass valve反馈杆feed back rod自锁阀self-locking valve防浪阀storm valve舵rudder舵柱rudder post舵柄rudder tiller舵托（承）rudder carrier舵叶rudder blade舵杆rudder stock撞杆ram操纵系统control system机械杠杆反馈式追随机构follow-up system of the mechanical lever feedback type 应急手动操纵装置emergency hand control device浮动杆floating lever副杠杆auxiliary lever遥控操舵装置telemotor steering gear起货装置cargo handing gear起货绞车cargo winch回转起货机crane吊扬索（千斤索）topping lift吊货杆boom(derrick boom)吊臂jib(crane jib)吊臂止动器jib stopper机械制动器machanicalbrake防索松保护器slack wire protection变幅绞车luffing winch货物定位装置cargo psotler差动型限位开关differential limit switich旋转绞车slewing winch带式刹车band brake旋转底盘slewing rim起锚机windlass止链器cable stopper锚anchor锚链anchor chain(anchor cable,chain cable)锚链轮chain lifter(cable lifter,cable holder)锚链舱chain locker链轮止动器chain lifter brake离合器clutch绞盘capstan绞盘卷筒capstan barrel带缆卷筒warping drum锚链卷筒chain drum绞车卷筒winch barrel(winch drum ,winding barrel)第7部分油水处理设备，轴系及推进器，造水机Oil Treatment,Oily Water Separator,Shafting &Propeller,Fresh Water Generator分油机oil separator离心分油机oil centrifuge分杂机clarifier分水机purifie造水机fresh water generator真空沸腾式造水机vacuum boiling type fresh-water genetator 真空闪发式造水机vacuum flash type fresh-water generator 工作水operating water冲洗水flushing water配水盘paring disc活动底盘sliding bowl bottom滑动圈operating slide污渣出口sludge outlet分离筒separator bowl分离筒本体bowl body分离筒盖bowl hood分离筒转轴bowl spindle分离盘bowl discs机盖frame cap阻水环damp ring比重环gravity disc油水分离器oily water separator舱底水bilge锥形盘conical plates粗粒化coalesce放油阀oil drain valve检验旋塞check cock自动空气释放阀automatic air rlease valve除油阀oil rcovery valve (recovered oil valve)液位探测电极liquid level electronic probe除渣阀scum valve自动出油阀automatic oil outlet valve储油柜oil storage tank控制板control panel轴系shafting螺旋桨propeller传动轴transmission shaft中间轴intermeditate shaft (tunnel shaft)推力轴thrust shaft单环推力轴single collar thrust shaft艉轴tail shaft (tube shaft)可调螺距螺旋桨adjustable pitch propeller (variable pitch propeller,controllable pitch propeller)定距桨constant pitch propeller固定桨叶螺旋桨fixed-blade propeller艏部螺旋桨bow propeller横向推理器transverse propeller左（右）螺旋桨left(right)handed propeller推力轴承thrust block推力块thrust pad推力环thrust collar刮油器scraper挡油圈oil deflector油位显示器oil level indicator单环推力轴承（密歇尔推力轴承）Michell thrust bearing(single collar(thrust)bearing)支撑轴承（中间轴轴承)tunnel bearing(intermediate shaft bearing)艉轴管轴承sterntube bearing (stern bearing)铁梨木轴承lignumvitae bearing水润滑轴承water-lubricated bearing白合金轴承white metal bearing桨叶propeller blade空泡cavitation螺旋桨空泡propeller-cavitation压力面空泡pressure-face cavitation(face cavitation)吸力面空泡suction-face cavitation导边空泡leading edge cavitation蒸发器evaporator加热器heater冷凝器condenser挡水器demiser抽气喷射器air ejector凝水泵distillate pump盐水泵brine pump闪发室flash chamber盐度计salinity indicator第8部分交流发电机及配电板Alternating Current Generator& Switchboard交流发电机altemator直流发电机dynamo发电机generator电磁式发电机electro-magnetic generator励磁场线圈magnetic field coil自励self-excited串励serise-wound并励shunt-wound复励compound-wound定子stator转子rotor电刷electric brush灭弧罩arc shield原动机prime motor配电箱distribution board主配电板main switch board区域配电板section board汇流排bus bar配电板load-dispatching board(switch board)频率fequency相位phase同相in phase同步指示器synchroscope自动电压调节器automatic voltage regulator (AVR)自动分载装置automatic load-sharing device自动调频调载器automatic frequency and load regulator 发电机屏genertor pnel试验板test board供电网supply network岸电接线箱shore connection box脱扣装置trip device保护装置protection device欠压装置under-voltage protection失压装置no-voltage protection过载保护over-load protection过流保护over-current protection逆功率保护reverse power protection缺相保护open-phase protection短路电流保护short circuit current protection操纵平台control platform开关switch过载开关overload switch双刀开关double pole switch限位开关limit switch断路器breaker断流器cut-out自动断路器automatic circuit breaker过载断路器over load circuit breaker空气断路器air circuit breaker整流器rectifier变压器transformer耦合变压器couple transformer放大器amplifier换向器commutator起动器stater继电器relay电抗器reactor电阻器resisor电容器condenser (capacitor)接触器contactor接线盒connection box并车操作parallel operation电流表ammeter电压表voltmeter功率表wattmeter频率表frequency meter并车开关paralleling switch电动机motor三相电动机three-phase motor同步感应电动机synchronous induction motor异步电动机asynchronous motor鼠笼式电动机squirrel cage motor第9部分法规及消防设备Watchkeeping,International Convention &Fire FightingSTCW 公约《1978年海员international convention on standards of training,培训，发证和值班标准certification and watchkeeping for seafarers 1978国际公约》值班watchkeeping值班人员watchkeeper (watchkeeping personnel)航行值班underway watch接班人员relief定员rating任职资格qualification值班要求watch requirements对职责的适应fitness for duty职责范围areas of responsibility日常调节routine adjustment逃生路线escape routes驾驶台命令bridge order轮机日志engine room log book无人机舱un-attended machinery space (UMS)(unmanned machinery space)国际公约international convention国际海事组织international maritime organization (IMO)海事委员会maritime commission()MARPOL公约《1973年防止international convention for the prevention of pollution 船舶污染国际公约》（1978年修正）from ships 1973 (as modified by the protocol of 1978 relating therto)SOLAS公约《国际海上人命安全公约》international convention for the safety of life at sea油类记录簿oil record book国际防止污染证书(IOPP)international oil pollution prevention certificate原油洗舱(COW) crude oil washing system惰性气体系统(IGS) inert gas system专用压载舱(SBT) segregated ballast tanks清洁压载舱(CBT) clean ballast tanks排油监控系统oil discharge monitoring and control system焚烧炉incinerator散装有害液体货物记录簿cargo record book for ships carrying noxious liquid substances in bulk国际散装有害液体运输防污证书international pollution prevention certificate for the carriage of noxious liquid substances in bulk客船安全证书passenger ship safety certificate货船无线电安全证书cargo ship safety radio certificate货船结构安全证书cargo ship safety construction certificate货船设备安全证书cargo ship safety equipment certificate中国船级社china classification society(CCS)中华人民共和国船舶检验局the register of shipping of the people's republic of china (ZC)定期检验periodical survey更新检验renewal survey年检annual survey中间检验intermediate survey火警探测器fire detector感烟探测器smoke detector火焰探测器flame detector感温探测器heat detector烟管警报系统smoke pipe fire alarm system蜂鸣器buzzer警铃alarm bell警报器howler灭火剂extinguishant灭火设备fire fighting equipment固定灭火设备fixed fire fighting equipment便携式灭火器portable extinguisher碳酸钠与酸混和灭火器soda-acid extinguisher泡沫式灭火器foam extinguisher化学泡沫式灭火器chemical foam extinguisher机械泡沫式灭火器mechanical foam extinguisher二氧化碳灭火器carbon-dioxide extinguisher干粉灭火器dry powder extinguisher插销plunger钢瓶steel container喷嘴nozzle把手handle排出管discharge hose触发开关trigger control喇叭状喷管horn固定灭火装置fixed fire fighting installation救火泵fire pump应急救火泵emergency fire pump增压泵booster pump消防栓hydrant皮龙管hosepipe(hose)快速扣合接头snap-in connector喷头sprinkler head (sprayer)泡沫发生器foam generator惰性气体发生器insert gas generator消防部署fire fighting strategy消防演习fire fighting drills呼吸面具breathing apparatus卤化烃系统halon system卤化烃1301 halon 1301(BTM)卤化烃1211 halon 1211(BCF)第10 部分维修常用词汇Useful Expressions in Repair ListA. 故障Troubles发现已无法修复found beyond repir发现尺寸过大found over-sized发现反应缓慢found slow function发现不正常found out of order发现不合标准found not up to standard发现不准确found inaccurate发现失效found ineffective发现失去作用found out of function发现咬住found seized发现冻结found stuck fast by icing发现过热found over heated发现过度磨损found excessive wear(found worn out;found worn away)发现有一点倾斜found a little bit inclined发现因过热而毁坏found destroyed by over heating发现龟裂found chapped发现塌陷found collapaed发现运转失灵found out of operation发现呈椭圆形found oval发现拉痕found scored发现拉毛面积found scuffed about XX in area发现变形found deformed发现变形超过xx mm found deformed over a length of XX MM发现松动found loose发现油污found greasy发现赃污found dirty发现挤铅found squeezed发现弯曲found bent发现故障found faulty发现结霜found frosted发现损坏found damaged发现破裂成片found broken into pieces发现部分剥离found partly detached发现部分阻塞found partly blocked发现剧烈震动found violent vibration发现效率不高found low efficiency发现挠曲found twisted发现烧坏found burnt发现堵塞found choked发现断裂found fractured发现接地found earthed发现敲缸found knocking发现漏泄found leaking(leaky)发现熔化found melted away发现缩减约10mm found reduced about 10 mm发现在气缸内卡住found jammed up in the cylinder在某部位发现裂纹found cracked in way of如必要if necessary如发现必要if found chapped如发现有毛病any defectives if found一般要求General Requirements一式两份交轮机长to be handed over to C/Ein duplicate(two copies)一式三份交轮机长to be handed over to C/Ein triplicate(three copies)一式四份交轮机长to be handed over to C/E in quadruplicate送交轮机长to be sent to C/E(to be delivered to C/E;TO be submitted to C/E)厂供to be supplied by yard以备检验to be prepared for survey用波浪键修补to be remedied by means of metallock用船上备件替换to be replaced with ship's spare用千斤顶提起to be jacked up出具证书certificates to be issued出具检验报告survey report to be issued充to be charged充以二氧化碳气体to be filled with co2 gas运至to be transported to取消to be cancelled供应to be provided供验船师检验to be presented for surveyor's inspection所有钢瓶测试all bottles to be calibrated所有钢瓶称重all bottles to be weighted制造并供应to be made and supplied按现有的制作并安装to be fabricated and installed according to the existing one除霜to be defrosted砌to be paved重充氟里昂12 to be refilled with freon 12重充水银ti be recharged with marcury送至to be removed to(to be sent to;to be transferred to )送车间修理to be sent to work shop for repaira退回船上作备用to be returned to ship as spare绘制图纸交船srawing to be made and sumitted to ship按要求修理to be repaired as required按302项处理treated as item 302换新to be renewed消除eliminated修理时用盲板封口blinded during repair移至to beshifted to船供to be supplied by ship提供作备件用to be supplied as spare船舶所有人供应to be supplied by owner焊补to be patched up by welding提供to be furnished割掉to be cut off照样新作newly made as per sample增加to be addedC拆卸Dismantling从环槽中取出to be taken out from ring grooves打开检查to be opened up for inspection用干冰拧松to be shrunken with dry ice(to be softened with dry ice)。
Lesson 30 Watch keeping(值班) 轮机英语课件
＊ Where situations occur in the
machine space( 机 舱 ) which may affect the speed, maneuverability(机 动 性 能 ) , power supply or other
essentials for the safe operation of the ship, the bridge should be informed as soon as possible.
take.
However, where immediate action is necessary to ensure safety of the ship, its machinery and crew, it must be taken by the engineer in charge.
At the completion of the watch each member should hand over(交
＊ The various temperature and pressure values for the cooling water and lubricating oil should be at, or near to, the manufacturer’s designed values for the particular
*Of particular importance will be
the log of running hours since this
will be the basis for overhauling(大 修，维修)the machinery.
* Other auxiliary machinery and
新版轮机英语unit27 marine generator
So far（至今）, alternator construction has considered the armature(电枢) rotating and the field coils stationary,
the same electricity generating effect is produced if the reverse occurs, that is, the field coils rotate and the armature is stationary.
The power factor is a measure （衡量） of the phase difference （相位差） between voltage and current and is expressed as the cosine(余弦) of the phase angle.
With a purely resistance load(电 阻性负载) the voltage and current are in phase(同相位), giving a power factor of one.
This is in fact the arrangement adopted for large, heavy duty alternators.
The field current supply in older machines comes from a low voltage direct current generator or exciter(励磁机) on the same shaft as the alternator.
Current collected in this way will be alternating（交变的）, that is, changing in direction and rising and falling in value.
轮机英语unit25Anchorwindlassa
02
Structural composition and working principle of anchor machine
Introduction to Main Cs a large wheel used to store and release anchor chains. The size of the anchor chain wheel is designed according to the length and diameter of the anchor chain.
Brake
It is used to control the rotation of the wildcat, so as to control the lifting or lowering speed of the anchor.
Wildcat
It is a device that connects the anchor chain wheel with the power system, which can rotate the anchor chain wheel to lift or lower the anchor.
Maintenance precautions
Maintenance precautions
Regularly check the tightness of each connecting bolt to prevent loosening or falling off during use.
Regularly clean and lubricate each component to ensure its normal operation and extend its service life.
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Reliability is prime important characteristic for a marine power plantprinciple可靠性是船舶动力装置的首要特征Propulsion of the vast majority of contemporary merchant ship （especially container ships and VLCCs ）utilizes diesel engine as prime mover当代大都数商船(特别是集装箱船和大型油船)都采用柴油机作为船舶的推进装置The medium speed 4-stroke trunk piston engine can be found on most medium to large merchant vessels even if the main engine is either a steam turbine or a 2-stroke crosshead engineMedium speed engines have a higher power to weight ratio than the slow speed two strokes ,but due to the higher speeds tend to have reduced maintenance intervalsThe bedplate is secured by means of side-chock bolts and end-chock boltsA main b earing consists of two shells which are secured by manes of studs and bearingAccording to the principle of four-stroke diesel engine, what is the number of its efficient work stroke per revolution? 1/2For an ordinary four-stroke engine the inlet valves open before STDCShims of different thicknesses are inserted between the shells to enable adjustment of therod is fitted between the crosshead and the crankshaft. It transmits the firing force ,and together with the crankshaft converts the up and down motion to a rotary.The four-stroke engine is used for alternator and sometimes for main propulsion with a gearbox to propeller speed of between 90 to 120 rev/min.The sealing function of the piston ring is brought about by the gas pressure above and behind the piston ring, which forces it downwards against the bottom of the ring groove, and outwards against the cylinder wall.The viscosity regulator controls the fuel oil temperature in order to provide oil at the correct viscosity for combustion.Because the timing of injection is crucial, cams mounted on the camshaft, which is driven by the crankshaft are used to operate the fuel pumps, one of which is provided for each cylinder.In diesel engine, the time taken to heat the fuel particles, turn them into vapor, and bring about combustion is called ignition delay.The burning of fuel oil in a diesel engine having a high sodium content , will causeThe ignition quality of diesel fuel is indicated by its cetane number.to achieve the viscosity of 10~15 cSt,boiling and may occur. To avoid this, a pressurized system is used in most occasions.to its fundamental job of reducing frictionIn motor-ships, the lubricating oil, after passing through main and motion bearings and oil cooled pistons, etc, is either retained in the bedplate.Shaker, circulation, and spray are the three general methods used in piston cooling.The lower the oxygen content in the exhaust gas, the better the combustion is.A built-up exhaust valve is one in which the stem and heads are made of differentmaterial.An electrically driven automatically operating auxiliary blower is provided for slow speedthe scavenge trunk is adjacent to the crankcase with risk of hot spot developing, it sometimes becomes necessary to stop the engine.Scavenging in a turbocharged, four-stroke/cycle diesel engine is accomplished during thealarm or a flame trap which will melt is used to guard against the explosion of compressor air pipelines.A device which functions to bring a diesel engine to a full stop to protect it from damage is known as a/an over-speed tripThe purposes of the compensating adjustment used in a diesel engine hydraulic governor is to prevent governor huntingThe reversing cams of some of four-stroke/cycle diesel engines are brought into position by sliding the camshaft along its axisWhich of the listed governor characters will greatly affect the load sharing relationship between paralleled diesel generators speed dropA properly honed diesel engine cylinder liner will shorten the ring break-in periodA pyrometer is an instrument used measure the temperature of the diesel engine exhaustAfter staring a diesel engine ,which of the operating conditions should be checked first?disadvantage of a two-stroke/cycle diesel engine is higher working temperatures of the piston and cylinderIf indicator diagrams are taken at regular intervals ,any unequal distribution of load will be easily found outA clearly visible benefit of RT-flex system is smokeless operation at all ship speeds. This is achieved by the superior combustion performanceA some and high-speed diesel engines require deduction gear units to provide a useful propeller speed . in most reduction gear, the bull gear is connection to the propeller shaftWhen transmitted by a reduction gear , a diesel speed is reduced and the torque available for work is increasedOil pressure in the lubrication is higher than the static water head to ensure that seawater cannot enter the stern tube in the event of seal failureIn a fire-tube boiler the hot gases form the furnace pass through the tubes while the water is on the outsideA firebox explosion in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler may be the result ofchloride content.Improper maintenance of the fuel oil burners in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler, could result in increased fuel consumption .Ignition failure in an automatically controlled auxiliary boiler could be caused bycarbon deposits on the flame scannerThe donkey boiler may be given a bottom blow when fires are secured.The main stem stop valve enables water to be blown down or emptied from the boiler. It may be used when partially or completely emptying the boiler.Through a positive displacement pump, the liquid is transferred from the suction to the discharge by the mechanical variation of the volume of a chambers.The gear and screw pumps are classified as positive displacement pumps.Gear pumps are of positive displacement type pumps because they discharge a near constant amount of liquid regardless of pressure.A positive displacement pump is that where the volume of the pump chamber is alternately increased to draw the liquid in and then decreased to force the liquid outWhich of the following pumps is used where a relatively high pressure and small capacity are required? Reciprocating pumpAs for a hydraulic vane pump, which of the following is in contact with the vanes during working? The rotorIf you were operating a centrifugal water service pump with worn wearing rings, thepump components converts the liquid kinetic energy of velocity to the potential energy pressure? VoluteThe discharge head of a centrifugal pump will vary directly with the square of the impeller diameterThe usual symptoms of cavitation in a centrifugal pump is noise and vibration.If a centrifugal bilge pump were continually operated with the discharge valve closed the pump would eventually overhea tWhat is the purpose of a relief valve? To return liquid to suction side if discharge valve is closed.Some pumps use packing as sealing gland. The gland should be slack enough toThe heat used to change a liquid to a vapor is called latent heat of vaporization.the following conditions? Superheated vapor.One function of the thermal expansion valve is to regulate the amount ofcausesub-cooling liquid refrigerant prior to its entering the expansion valve is to increase the refrigerating effect by decreasing the amount of flashWhen the heat load begins to increase , the needle valve of an expansion valveand through the evaporator where it absorbs heat from the space being cooled and becomes a gas or vaporIn a compression refrigeration plant , the hot ,high pressure refrigerant gas is cooledby the sea water and becomes liquid in the condenserThe effective temperature of air is dependent upon Both 1and 2. 1 .relativeshould Both 1 and 2 . 1 reduce the cooling coil temperature ;2 increase the re-heater temperatureMost air conditioning units have dampers for adjusting the ratio of recirculated fresh air ,Care must be taken not to reduce the fresh air so that stuffiness or smells ariseIf air at 95℃dry bulb temperature and 50℃elative humidity is conditioned to 75℃dry bulb temperature and 50℃relative humidity ,it is an example of cooling and dehumidifyingThe amount of moisture in a given sample of air , when compared whit amount of moisture the air could hold if totally saturated at the existing temperature of the sample ,is called relative humidityThe single duct system only allows for adjustment of temperature in each room by the occupant manually controlling the air volume admitted .Sludge may form in the lubricating oil crankcase of a reciprocating air conditioning compressor as a result of contamination by dust , sale or moistureIt is the bacteria that reduce the BOD by converting the organic content of the sewage to a chemically ad organically inert sludgeEngine which are to be run in parallel have governors specially adapted for the same ％obtain basic load sharingis known as a/an extreme pressure additive。