《英语专业考研基础英语高分突破》

介词短语搭配必备ahead of 比……提前，比……早at loggerheads with 与……意见不合，与……吵架，争论at odds with 与……争执，意见不一致apart from 除…外；除…外还as for 至于，关于as to 至于，关于aside from 除……之外at the behest of 在……命令下at the expense of 由……付费；以……为代价at the hands of 由某人或通过某人的机构完成at the mercy of 受……支配at the risk of 冒……之危险at the root of ……的核心；……的实质at the top of 在最高地位，在首位at variance with 和……不符but for 若不是，倘没有by dint of 借助，用by force of 由于，通过，以……手段by means of 借助于by reason of 由于by virtue of 由于，因为by way of 通过……的方法due to 由于，因为except for 除……以外，要不是由于far from 远离for fear of 由于害怕；以免for lack of 因缺乏for the benefit of 为了……的利益；为了让某人明白for the purpose of 为了……for the sake of 由于，为了；为了……的利益for want of 因缺乏in aid of 用以援助……in accordance with 与……一致；按照in back of 在……后面in case of 以防，万一in comparison with 与……比较in compliance with 顺从in conformity with 和……相适应in consequence of 由于in contact with 与……联系in exchange for 交换，以此易彼in favour of 为……而征战，参加支持……的活动in league with 和……联合着in lieu of 代，代替in light of 按照，根据in line with 符合in place of 代替in quest of 为了探索……，为了寻求……in reference to 关于in regard to 关于in relation to 关于，涉及，与……相比in return for 作为...的报答in safe hands with 安然无恙in search of 寻找in spite of 尽管in step with 与……保持一致in touch with 同...有联系in terms of 依照in the absence of 缺乏，不存在in the course of 在……期间in the event of 万一，如果……in (the) face of 面对……in the interest of 为了……的利益in the name of 以……的名义，凭in the process of 在...的过程中in view of 考虑到，由于next to 贴近；次于notwithstanding 虽然, 尽管on account of 为了……的缘故on behalf of 代表……；为了……的利益on pain of 违者以...论处on the eve of 在……的前夜on the grounds of 根据, 以...为理由on the part of 就某人而言；某人有责任的on the score of 因为，为了……理由on the strength of 居于，根据，凭借on top of 熟练掌握，在……之上regardless of 不管；不顾under the aegis of 在……的庇护下under the auspices of 由……赞助或主办，在……保护下with a view to 着眼于, 以...为目的, 考虑到with effect from 自……起开始实施with respect to 关于，至于with the exception of 除……以外填空练习(1) The government decision to raise taxes was at odds ______ their policies on inflation.（与……争执，意见不一致）(2) A claim might be made by dissentient member States that the actions of the organization were not in compliance ______ its treaty.（顺从）(3) Prominent individuals were often prominent ______virtue of the groups of which they were leaders.（由于，因为）(4) In the philosophical tradition there have been two tendencies with respect ______ epistemological concerns and concerns about the social order.（关于，至于）(5) Foreign powers had long penetrated the area in quest ______ wealth or influence, or to counter the lusts of their adversaries.（为了探索……，为了寻求……）(6) Central coordination would keep the location of industry in step ______ development.（与……保持一致）(7) In both, the main class order can be criticized on the grounds ______ the separation of Sciences from their respective Technologies.（根据, 以...为理由）(8) A research project has been set up under the auspices ______ the University of Michigan. (9) It is well within reason to expect help in this regard in exchange ______ further financial assistance.（交换，以此易彼）(10) The appeal of the petitioner in this case must be dismissed for want ______ jurisdiction.（因缺乏……）（节选自环球时代学校吴中东教授等编著的《英语专业考研基础英语高分突破》）答案：(1) with (2) with (3) of (4) to (5) of (6) with (7) of (8) of (9) for (10) of1、填空a) Pilots must abstain ______ alcohol for 24 hours before flying（避免）.b) Achieving a standstill is vital for Heron if it is to make headway ______ rescheduling its debt（在……取得进展）. c) Similarly we can only draw inferences ______ the nature of learning from observing these changes（根据……推论）.d) All of us complimented Joe ______ his cooking（夸奖某人）. e) He knew he was bound to pull any girl he set his heart ______ - he always had（下决心做）.f) These developments are instrumental ______ the increased regulation and stability of affective thought（有助于……）. g) You'll stand a better chance ______ getting a job with a degree（有...的希望）. h) The new program is designed to tempt young people ______ studying engineering（引诱某人做……）. i) I took the liberty ______ telling my office I could be reached here（冒昧，擅自）. j) The rich man who deludes himself ______ behaving like a mendicant may conserve his fortune although he will not be very happy（欺骗某人……）. 2、选择(1) You need to train the dog to desist from ________ excessively. A. bark B. barking C. barked D. barks (2) Mattie grunted abstractedly, totally engrossed in ________ the various plastic containers and bowls in the refrigerator. A. peering at B. peers at C. peer at D. peered at (3) They remember you at your most awkward and unformed and they delight in ________ you of it. A. remind B. reminded C. reminds D. reminding (4) I was reckoning on ________ at least 60% of the votes. A. get B. got C. gotten D. getting(5) Attempts to coerce people into retiring must be resisted; rights to retraining must also be secured. A. retiring B. retire C. retired D. retires (6) In the late 1980s, the United States ________ a major undertaking: the human genome project.A. gambled onB. embarked onC. took the liberty ofD. counted on (7) Simon did well after that but ________ simple good luck to anyone who questioned his apparent good fortune. A. had a dread of B. fell short ofC. had enough ofD. made a pretence of (8) Less developed countries fear that both those initiatives would ________ trading opportunities. A. make a habit of B. make a legend of C. deprive them ofD. suspect them of (9) ________ dreaming dreams, because one day they may have to come true. A. There’s no merit in B. There's no harm inC. There's no sense inD. There's no shortage of (10)Don't let yourself be ________ into buying things you don't want. A. persuaded B. shamed C. forced D. terrified （节选自环球时代学校吴中东教授等编著的《英语专业考研基础英语高分突破》）答案 1 (1) from (2) in (3) from (4) on (5) on (6) in (7) of (8) into (9) of (10) into 2 (1) B(2) A(3) D(4) D(5) A(6) B(7) D(8) C(9) B(10) A 吴中东：考研-基础英语词汇考点精炼（四）北京环球时代学校 外来语词专项Exercise: Choose the most appropriate choice for each italicized word in the following sentences. 1. Bidding them adieu we departed.[A] goodbye [B] curse [C] blessing [D] disguise 2. The government appointed an ad hoc committee to deal with the emergency. [A] on purpose [B] unintentionally [C] for a particular purpose only [D] randomly 3. Late again, Richard? What’s your alibi this time?[A] explanation [B] excuse [C] complaint [D] indignation 4. Sarah used to work as an ambassdor’s attaché.[A] member of a staff with a particular responsibility [B] leader of a special committee [C] secret agent working for a special agency [D] guardian of morals5. Your statement “They have been walking all day long and they must be hungry” may be a priori one because they may well not feel hungry in the least. [A] reasonable [B] false [C] presupposed [D] irrational6. It’s a pity that his ten-year-old child is still unable to speak. He may be suffering from aphasia. [A]grievance [B] loss of speech [C] loss of hearing [D] failure to communicate7. At the end of the prayer the choir sang the amens beautifully. [A]may it be so [B]whatever it may come [C] believe it or not [D] rain or shine8. The returning alumni visited Beijing University from which they graduated 30 years ago. [A] male former graduates [B] female former graduates [C]former actors [D] former actresses9. I will never forget my Alma Mater where I spent four golden years of my college life. [A] hometown [B] college [C] church [D] motherland 10. Could you check the almanac on the wall to confirm what date today is? [A] calendar [B] newspaper [C] periodical [D] clock 11. They got the information from the affiche on the wall. [A] poster [B] bulletin [C] gallows [D] platform 12. Before the court opens a witness usually swears an affidavit.[A]promise [B] written statement [C] will [D] compromise 13. The speaker made it a point to keep his speech ad rem. [A] to the point [B] far from the point [C] beside the point [D]incorrectly 14. I had forgotten to bring my notes and had to speak ad lib. [A] with preparation [B] with ease [C]without preparation [D] willingly 15. It is a secret kept only a deux the two girls. [A] between [B] among [C] during [D] conerning16. I am starved to death. Could you tell me where the buffet is located on the train?[A]food counter [B] shop [C] market [D] bank 17. Take no notice of his threats----they are sheer bravado. [A] timidity [B] false boldness [C] courage [D] capability 18. The Renaissance first started in Italy and then spread to other parts of Europe. [A] rebirth [B] death [C] literary [D] agrarian 19. The bourgeoise is the mainstream of Uropean countries. [A] upper class [B] lower class [C] middle class[D]poverty-stricken people 20. Our address is 121 Granger Boulevard. [A] district [B] main street [C] downtown [D] sidewalk （节选自环球时代学校吴中东教授等编著的《英语专业考研基础英语高分突破》）Answer: 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. A 11. B 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. A 16. A 17. A 18. A 19. C 20. B 吴中东：考研-基础英语词汇考点精炼（三）北京环球时代学校 易混词辨析 1 释义连线-1 stationary -2 stationery -3 personnel -4 personal -5 evoke -6 invoke -7 former -8 formal -9 literary -10 literal2 填空(1) There is no question that Clinton was the leader of the Great Group that _______（实现，达成）his victory. (2) Doctors are required to keep patients' records completely _______（机密的）. (3) He thought praying and other religious acts were ______（无用的）and hypocritical in the absence of active service to the needy. (4)The individual suspends his critical judgement and involvement in external reality to becoming passively absorbed in an _______(想象中的;假想的)world. (5) The most _______(有特色的)feature of the building is its enormous dome-shaped roof. (6) They _______（称赞）each other for their ability to collaborate effectively as a team. (7) In the end it was Pete who thought of a really _______(有独创性的)solution to the problem. (8) Of the phrases "go crazy" and "go nuts," the ______（后面的）term is used less frequently.(9) My secretary is very _______（言行谨慎的）. She never tells anyone unconcerned anything about the company's business. (10) Robins criticized the investigation during an _______（热情洋溢的）speech outside police headquarters.3 根据中文释义连线并将英文词组填写在横线上-1confident -2 confidential -3 desperate -4 discreet -5 discrete -1 exceeding -2 excessive -3 exceptional -4 distinct -5 distinctive -1 fatal -2 fateful -3 former -4 indignant -5 formal -1 imaginative -2 imaginary -3 imaginable -4 ingenious -5 ingenuous -1 uninterested-2 disinterested -3 personnel -4 personal -5 righteous -1 invaluable -2 worthless -3 intense -4 intensive -5 l atter （节选自环球时代学校吴中东教授等编著的《英语专业考研基础英语高分突破》）答案1-1 h -2 c -3 i -4 d -5 j-6 f -7 e -8 b -9 g -10 a 2(1) effected (2) confidential (3) worthless(4) imaginary (5) distinctive (6) complimented (7) ingenious (8) latter(9) discreet (10) impassioned 3-1 d -2 c -3 b -4 e -5 a英研基础英语-词汇考点精炼（2）作者：wangxl 英语专业考研来源：本站原创点击数：650 更新时间：2008-6-17 吴中东：考研-基础英语词汇考点精炼（二）北京环球时代学校 1 汉英连线并将英文词组填写在横线上upset -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 save -1 -2-3 -4 -5 locate -1-2 -3 -4 -5abandon -1 -2 -3 -4 -5bore -1 -2 -3 -4 -52 根据中文释义连线并将英文词组填写在横线上-1 strong -2 kitchen -3 apprehensive -4 impassioned -5 comprehensive-1 comprehensive-2 credentials -3 mannered -4 recent -5 studied-1 steep-2 substantial -3 exhaust -4 meticulous -5 abnormal-1 urgent-2 objective -3novel -4 casualty -5 confirmed-1 leper-2 negative -3 military -4game -5 native1 英汉连线-1 摘要-2 使增值-3 支持-4具有-5 损害-6 新闻报道-7 包括-8 逃跑-9 含蓄的-10 批准-1 包括-2 施恩于-3 平淡无奇的-4 几乎-5 彻底的-6 忍受-7 有效的-8 尾波-9 保证-10 理由充分的2 释义连线-1 avenue-2 exploit -3 observe -4 original -5 practically -6 sound -7 spoil -8 warrant -9 valid -10 delegate-1 abstract -2 discharge -3 appreciate -4 arrest-5 variety -6 wage -7 sanction -8 rival -9 replace-10 discipline 3 填空(1) The company offers _____(合理的) financial advice to individuals and businesses (2) The college's facilities ______(与……媲美) those of Harvard and Yale. (3) At that time, all newsreaders spoke______(各种) English spoken in southern England, known as Received Pronunciation. (4) Any sympathy for their cause evaporated __________(在……之后) last week’s attacks (5) Louis XIII _______(继承) to the throne when he was only nine years old. (6) This course _______（包括）several different aspects of psychology. (7) Faced with the problems of ________(向……作斗争) war against the Union, they had the additional task of controlling a large black population. (8) No Labour rethink that ignores this will _______（有机会）a chance of success in the future. (9) Congress ________（拨款）$5 million for International Woman's Year. (10) Sefton council will consider whether to ________（批准，同意）the operation（运作）. （节选自环球时代学校吴中东教授等编著的《英语专业考研基础英语高分突破》）答案 1 -1e -2 b -3 i -4 a -5 d -6f -7 h -8 c -9 j -10 g2 -1 j -2 b -3 i -4 d -5 a-6 h -7 f -8 g -9 c -10 e3 (1) sound (2) rival (3) a variety of (4) in the wake of (5) succeeded(6) embraces (7) waging (8) stand(9) appropriated (10) sanction 考研-基础英语词汇考点精炼（三）易混词辨析1 释义连线(1) stationary (a) basic or original meaning (2) stationery (b) made or done officially or publicly (3) personnel (c) materials that you use for writing (4) personal (d) relating to the private areas of your life (5) evoke (e) happening or existing before, but not now (6) invoke (f) to usea law, principle, or theory to support your views (7) former (g) relating to literature(8) formal (h) standing still instead of moving (9) literary (i) staff (10) literal (j) to produce a strong feeling or memory in someone 2 填空(1) There is no question that Clinton was the leader of the Great Group that _______（实现，达成）his victory.(2) Doctors are required to keep patients' records completely _______（机密的）.(3) He thought praying and other religious acts were ______（无用的）and hypocritical in the absence of active service to the needy.(4)The individual suspends his critical judgement and involvement in external reality to becoming passively absorbed in an _______(想象中的;假想的)world.(5) The most _______(有特色的)feature of the building is its enormous dome-shaped roof.(6) They _______（称赞）each other for their ability to collaborate effectively as a team.(7) In the end it was Pete who thought of a really _______(有独创性的)solution to the problem.(8) Of the phrases "go crazy" and "go nuts," the ______（后面的）term is used less frequently.(9) My secretary is very _______（言行谨慎的）. She never tells anyone unconcerned anything about the company's business.(10) Robins criticized the investigation during an _______（热情洋溢的）speech outside police headquarters. 3 根据中文释义连线并将英文词组填写在横线上(1) confident (a) space (离散空间)________ (2) confidential (b) criminal (铤而走险的罪犯)________ (3) desperate (c) clerk (机要秘书)________ (4) discreet (d) bearing (自信的举止)________ (5) discrete (e) inquiries (小心的询问)________ (1) exceeding (a) appearance (与众不同的外貌)_______ (2) excessive (b) beauty (美丽无比)________ (3) exceptional (c) drinking (酗酒)________ (4) distinct (d) statement (确切的声明)________ (5) distinctive (e) promotion (破格提升)________ (1) fatal (a) receipt (正式收据)________ (2) fateful (b) ambassador (前任外交大使)________ (3) former (c) passengers (愤怒的乘客们)________ (4) indignant (d) wound (致命伤, 不治之症)________ (5) formal (e) battle (决定性的战斗)________ (1) imaginative (a) poet (富于想象的诗人)________ (2) imaginary (b) smile (坦率的微笑)________ (3) imaginable (c) solution (想得出的解决办法)________ (4) ingenious (d) device (精巧的装置)________ (5) ingenuous (e) character (虚构的人物)________ (1) uninterested (a) indignation (正义的愤慨)________ (2) disinterested (b) parties (没有兴趣的聚会)________ (3) personnel (c) manner (漠视的态度)________ (4) personal (d) agency (职业介绍所)________ (5) righteous (e) abuse (人身攻击)________ (1) invaluable (a) treasure(无价之宝)________care (悉心护理)________concentration(紧张的投入)________end(结束部分; 死亡)________goods(便宜货)________ (2) worthless (b) (3) intense (c) (4) intensive (d) (5) latter (e)答案1 (1) h (2) c (3) i (4) d (5) j (6) f (7) e (8) b (9) g (10) a 2(1) effected (2) confidential(3) worthless(4) imaginary(5) distinctive(6) complimented(7) ingenious(8) latter(9) discreet(10) impassioned 3 (1) d (1) b (1) d (1) a (1) b (1) a (2) c (2) c (2) e (2) e (2) c (2)e (3) b (3) e (3) b (3) c (3) d (3) c (4) e (4) d (4) c (4) d (4) e (4) b (5) a(5) a (5) a (5) b (5) a (5) d 1 汉英连线并将英文词组填写在横线上upset (1) the conference (a) 使我心烦意乱---------------________ (2) a will (b) 使遗嘱无效________ (3) the boat (c) 把船吹翻________ (4) a barrel of milk (d) 搅乱了会议_______ (5) me(e) 弄翻一桶牛奶________ save (1) one's eyesight (a) 保护视力________(2) for a vacation (b) 节约用油________ (3) your breath (c) 不必白费劲________ (4) oil (d) 为假期攒钱________ (5) complaint (e) 除了抱怨________ locate (1) the source of leakage (a) 把代理处设于罗切斯特_______ (2) an agent in Rochester (b) 在地图上确定阿尔伯尼的位置________ (3) a town on a map (c) 找到泄漏的来源________ (4) the ATM (d) 在地面上指出一镇的位置________(5) Albany on the map (e) 找到自动取款机________ abandon (1) a friend in trouble(a) 放弃自己的想法________ (2) the ship (b) 离弃家园________ (3) one's home (c) 抛弃处于危难中的朋友_______ (4) one's idea (d) 放弃搜寻走失的远足者_______ (5) the search for the missing hiker (e) 弃船________ bore (1) through solid rock (a) 以巨大的勇气忍受着伤口的剧烈疼痛________ (2) the sharp pain in the wound with great courage (b) 在深海中破浪前进________ (3) us (c) 钻透十米厚的坚固岩石_______ (4) through solid rock ten meters deep (d) 令我们感到厌烦________ (5) through heavy seas (e) 钻穿坚硬的岩石________ 2 根据中文释义连线并将英文词组填写在横线上(1) strong (a) mind(敏捷的头脑)________plea(强烈要求)________constitution(体格好)________knowledge(渊博的知识)________appliance(厨房用具)_________ (2) kitchen (b) (3) apprehensive (c) (4) impassioned (d) (5) comprehensive (e) (1) comprehensive (a) faculty(理解力)________speech(矫揉造作的讲话)______decision(经精心考虑而作出的决定)________committee(资格审查委员会)______setback(最近的挫折)________ (2) credentials (b) (3) mannered (c) (4) recent (d) (5) studied (e) (1) steep (a) valve(排气阀)________argument(重要的论证)________fault(异常断层)________observance(小心翼翼的遵守)____undertaking(雄心勃勃的事业)____ (2) substantial (b) (3) exhaust (c) (4) meticulous (d) (5) abnormal (e) (1) urgent (a) case(宾格)________approach(新颖的方法)________insurance(灾害保险)________motion(紧急动议)________bachelor(坚定的单身汉)______ (2) objective (b) (3) novel (c) (4) casualty (d) (5) confirmed (e) (1) leper (a) review(阅兵式)________produce(土特产品)________preserve(野生动物保护区)____outlook(消极的人生观)______colony(麻风病人隔离区)____ (2) negative (b) (3) military (c) (4) game (d) (5) native (e) （节选自环球时代学校吴中东教授等编著的《英语专业考研基础英语高分突破》）答案： 1 (1) d (1) a (1) c (1) c (1) e (2) b (2) d (2) a (2) e (2) a (3) c (3) c (3) d (3) b (3) d (4) e (4) b (4) e (4) a (4) c (5) a (5) e (5) b (5) d (5) b 2 (1) c (1) a (1) e (1) d (1) e (2) e (2) d (2) b (2) a (2) d (3) a (3) b (3) a (3) b (3) a (4) b (4) e (4) d (4) c (4) c (5) d (5) c (5) c (5) e (5) b（节选）词汇的广度例1：The arms race became a way to measure who was winning .And since the central battlefield was quiet, both sides helped allies in their local struggles-in other words, proxy(代理人) wars. （外交学院基础英语真题）例2：It is a distressing fact that any system of censorship is bound, upon occasion, to treat unjust a particular work of art—to find pornography where there is only gentle eroticism(色情) to find obscenity where none really exists, or to find both where the work’s existence ought to be tolerate because it serves a larger moral purpose. That is the price one has to be prepared to pay for censorship ---even liberal censorship. (北京外国语大学基础英语2005年阅读Passage One) 例3：Depressed by the appalling grotesqueries(怪诞) of the election season –the smears, leaks, lies and alibis(托辞)—and crushed by my beloved Cardinals’obliteration(抹去) at the hands of the unstoppable Red Sox, I search for a bit of encouragement, an infinitesimal(极小，无穷小) spark to raise my sagging(低垂) spirits. （上海交通大学英语水平考试2005）例4: The bombardments of World War II were followed by the depredations(蹂躏) of profiteers and politicians–for–rent who reduced the city to a demoralized shadow of itself, surviving on government handouts. （上海外国语大学基础英语2005）例5：The Vygostsky model reintroduces all the people who also inhabit the child’s world -–parents, care-givers, relatives, siblings (同胞兄弟姐妹) and all those other children at play or school. （清华大学基础英语2005）词汇的深度一、熟词生义辨析熟词生义也叫作一词多义，词汇的第三、四个意思往往在学习时被忽略，然而它们却是词的深度的一个最典型的表现之一。