苔丝的人物形象分析论文
《德伯维尔家的苔丝》苔丝的人物性格分析英语毕业论文
《德伯维尔家的苔丝》苔丝的人物性格分析英语毕业论文Character Analysis of Tess in "Tess of the d'Urbervilles" - English Graduation ThesisIntroduction:Written by Thomas Hardy in 1891, "Tess of the d'Urbervilles" unfolds the tragic life of Tess, a beautiful and innocent girl who faces destitution, hardship, and betrayal. This thesis aimsto analyze the character of Tess, focusing on her personality traits, development, and conflicts, highlighting her strength, vulnerability, and the impact of society on her life.1. Pure and Innocent:Tess is introduced as a pure and innocent girl from a humble background. Her beauty captivates others, symbolizing her purity. Her innocence is evident in her encounter with Alec, which leads to her downfall. She is unaware of his intentions and struggles with the consequences of this encounter throughout the novel. Tess's pure and innocent nature is her defining quality, which sets her apart from the corrupt and shallow society she lives in.2. Strong and Resilient:Despite the challenges she faces, Tess demonstrates great strength and resilience. She takes responsibility for herfamily's welfare after her father's death, showing herdetermination to provide for them. Tess's strength is also seen in her decision to leave Alec and search for a new life. She endures physical and emotional hardships, yet she never loses her will to survive. Her resilience allows her to carry on, even in the face of despair.3. Vulnerability and Victimhood:4. Internal Conflict:Throughout the novel, Tess experiences profound internal conflicts. Her conflict with herself is particularly evident in her relationships with Angel and Alec. She feels torn between her desire for love and her fear of losing her innocence. Tess's internal conflict intensifies as she grapples with guilt and societal condemnation. She questions her worthiness and struggles with her perceived status as a fallen woman. This internal battle adds depth to her character and highlights the moral dilemmas she faces.5. Influence of Society:Conclusion:。
《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝的人物形象分析
文化与艺术240作者简介：林会霞（1998— ），女，汉族，河南驻马店人。
主要研究方向：国外文学。
《德伯家的苔丝》是英国著名作家哈代的一部长篇小说，是哈代“性格与环境小说”中最典型的一部。
女主人公苔丝出生在一个贫穷的农民家庭，为了生计，父母让她去一个富老太太家攀亲戚，结果被富家少爷亚力克夺取了女儿身。
苔丝忍受着世人的冷嘲热讽把孩子生了下来，孩子不幸夭折。
后来，苔丝和自己心爱的安吉尔结婚，在新婚之夜，她把所有的不幸都告诉了安吉尔，但却没能得到原谅，安吉尔离开了她，去了巴西。
之后，苔丝为了养活家人，被迫屈从于亚力克。
几年后，安吉尔悔恨自己的无情，回来想和苔丝重修于好。
苔丝认为她一切的不幸都是亚力克造成的，便愤怒地将其杀死，最后苔丝被捕并被处以绞刑。
一、苔丝人物形象分析（一）苔丝具有高度的家庭责任感和自我牺牲精神苔丝出身贫穷，父亲是个慵懒愚钝的小贩，母亲曾是个挤奶工，家里还有好几个兄弟姐妹。
作为家里最大的孩子，苔丝每天都得努力工作帮助解决一大家子的生计问题。
赖以生存的老马不幸死去时，苔丝没有哭，而是想着怎样把家人从泥潭中拯救出来。
父亲去世，苔丝一家子被赶出村子，无依无靠，又没有栖身之所。
为了母亲和兄弟姐妹，具有高度家庭责任感和自我牺牲精神的苔丝心里纵然一千个、一万个不愿意，还是被迫沦为亚力克的情妇。
为了家人的生存，不幸被人奸污；为了家庭的希望，承载着世人的冷眼；为了家庭的命运，牺牲了自己的一切。
（二）苔丝是个坚强勇敢的姑娘苔丝生下孩子后，牧师拒绝为私生子洗礼，苔丝就自己亲手给孩子洗礼。
尽管周围的人都鄙视她、对她冷眼相待，她还是带着孩子去干活，勇敢地面对所谓的“道德”的压力。
苔丝也从不为博得同情而在外人面前哭泣。
孩子不幸夭折后，苔丝亲手埋葬了自己的骨肉，又迅速从丧子的痛苦中恢复过来，继续努力干活养活家人。
安吉尔因为无法接受苔丝的过去而离开后，苔丝生活十分艰辛，但即便如此，她也不肯向丈夫的父母求助。
当安吉尔从巴西回来，抱着忏悔的心情，祈求苔丝的原谅，想要和她重新在一起的时候，苔丝勇敢地杀死了可恶的富家少爷亚力克，因为苔丝认为都是因为亚力克，她才一次又一次地无法和心爱的安吉尔在一起。
德伯家的苔丝的人物性格分析_英语论文
---------------------------------------------------------------范文最新推荐------------------------------------------------------ 德伯家的苔丝的人物性格分析_英语论文摘要《德伯家的苔丝》实质上讲述了一个天真淳朴的乡村女孩，由于家庭贫穷和社会谴责，而最终一步步走向死亡的悲剧故事。
在大多数人眼里，苔丝是一个坏女人，然而，在哈代看来，她是一个纯洁的女人，她是大自然的女儿。
虽然她生活在那个时代，思想上有保守性和软弱性，但她敢于反对邪恶的势力和虚伪的教会，敢于坚持真理，坚持要寻求自己的幸福。
小说结尾苔丝杀了亚力克而被送上绞刑架，这使她的反抗精神达到了顶峰。
通过对文本的细读和对苔丝多重性格的详细分析,文章揭示出苔丝悲剧命运的社会根源。
12609关键词：纯洁；软弱；反抗；勇敢Abstract1 / 10Tess of the D’Urbervilles actually tells a tragic story that a naïve and simple country girl, due to the poverty of her family and social condemnation, finally comes to death. In most people’s eyes, she is a bad woman, however, in Hardy’s opinion, she is a pure woman and she is the daughter of the nature. Although she lived in a period which made her conservative and weak in thought, she dares to fight against the evil forces and hypocritical churches; she dares to stick to the truth and insist on seeking her own happiness. At the end of the novel, Tess killed Alec and was sent to the gallows, which makes her rebellious spirit reach its peak. In this paper, by means of intensive reading and through the analysis of the multiple personalities of the protagonist Tess, the social roots of her tragic fate is, at last, revealed.Key words: pure; weak; rebel; braveAnalysis of the Character of Tess of the D’UrbervillesContents---------------------------------------------------------------范文最新推荐------------------------------------------------------ 摘要iAbstractiiⅠ. Introduction1Ⅱ. The Daughter of Nature12.1 Pure Character of Tess22.2 Kind-hearted Country Girl4Ⅱ. The Daughter of Nature3 / 102.1 Pure Character of TessTess was one of the last descendants of once prominent and wealthy aristocratic family of the D’Urbervilles. At the late 19th century, the bourgeoisie got comprehensive rule in Britain, so those past wealthy aristocratic family declined. When the D’Urbervilles families passed on to her father’s generation, only to end up as a rural peddler’s identity, and the only way to show that they were contacted with their forefathers were an ancient spoon and an ancient seal engraved with flowers.By that time her family was a poor tradesman family and was completely relied on their own labor, and their illustrious ancestors imposed no effect on the formation of their industrious and hard-working character. One day, it was by mere chance that Tess’s father knew about his family spectrum system from a clergyman. Having lived more than one half of his whole life, Tess’s father picked up a lot of vanity and worldliness, so he was extremely complacent about his noble origin. Tess’s---------------------------------------------------------------范文最新推荐------------------------------------------------------mother, who was a hard-working and mediocre middle-aged woman, was also very proud of her husband’s noble origin. However, Tess was still keeping the virtue of ordinary working people though she was living in such a vulgar atmosphere in the family. She disgusted the vulgarity of her parents and contempted the noble origin of her family, and she always considered herself as the daughter of a farmer who made a living through hard-working. She said she was originally brought up by her parents who also gave her beauty, and herself was just a milkmaid. In between the lines, the novel shows Tess’s love and pride of her identity as a farmer. Tess insisted that Duberfield was the surname of her family, and was never willing to change their surname into D’Urbervilles. When later she was in love with Angel, she never boasted of her noble ancestors to Angel. When they was about to get married, Angel proposed that Tess change her surname as D’Urbervilles, because in this way his mother would also show respect to her daughter-in-law. However, Tess firmly disagreed with his proposition and argued “I like the other way rather5 / 10best.” (274; ch.30) which formed stark contrast with Alec, a secular squire bourgeois, who picked up D’Urbervilles from museum as his surname just because he thought his own surname was too vulgar. From the comparison, the purity and innocence of Tess can be easily manifested.Sympathetic with his heroine, Hardy pointed out the social absurdity in judging Tess’s morality by a mere biological fact. He defined the convention by offering a new perspective through which he vindicated Tess and declared her to be pure. Tess’s dissipation and eventual death at the end of the story were not punishment for her sin, but the result of social law doing violence against natural law. Her own fate found an apt parallel in Hardy’s description of field animals chased by the mechanical reaper.2.2 Kind-hearted Country Girl---------------------------------------------------------------范文最新推荐------------------------------------------------------Tess’s good quality is embodied in her deep love for life, her courage in confronting all kinds of difficulties, and also her spirit of hard-working and self-sacrifice. Tess lived in Victoria times, however, under the cover of prosperity, rural economy almost got bankrupt under the deep influence of the liberal capitalism. There were nine people in her family, but they all lived on a horse by that some small business was done. Tess was the eldest child in the family, and shouldered the heavy responsibility of the family when she was only about 17 years old without any complaints. Therefore, poverty was the impetus of her tragedy, and finally led to her damage. (He 155)In order to help her family go through hard times, she followed her mother’s advice and went to the Mrs D’Urbervilles who must be one of their relatives to claim kin. However, from that time on, Tess’s tragedy began. There she was seduced by Alec, who coveted beauty and was shameless. Instead of living with him, Tess left him and endured much discrimination and sarcasm alone from other people and the society. And7 / 10when Angel abandoned her and went away, Tess suffered all kinds of discrimination by herself again. Tess concealed the great pain she suffered and unstintingly left living expenses to her family as subsidy, but she herself had to go through the vicissitudes of life, wandering everywhere, in order to find a job to make a living.After she had been seduced by Alec, Tess was condemned and despised by people around her, and she also thought it was her sin to lose chastity though, in fact, it was not her fault.Tess utilized a heap of moral standards to scare herself. “She might have seen that what had bowed her head so profoundly—the thought of the world’s concern at her situation—was founded on an illusion.”(131; ch.14) In order to avoid public voices, she did not dare to go out until when it was dark, and then she would go to a wood to appreciate the transient freedom of spirit. However, even when she placed herself---------------------------------------------------------------范文最新推荐------------------------------------------------------in nature, she would always regard herself as the embodiment of sin, who violated the territory of innocence. This concept of Tess inevitably led her to a situation of self- torture and self-condemnedness. Therefore, she never forgot her past and could not take off the cross she had borne on her spirit.When later Angel proposed to her, she refused him although she also loved him very much because of a sense of inferiority and guilty that deeply rooted in her mind. She told herself she could not accept Angel’s love, for she had lost her chastity and she was unworthy of Angel’s affection.After the repeated proposal of Angel, finally, Tess’s sensibility overcame her sense and agreed to marry to Angel. When she stayed with Angel, she felt both sweet and pain. Several times, she wanted to tell the truth to Angel, but it was just an unutterable thing. On the night before they got married, Tess wrote him a letter, in which Tess told the truth about her painful past. And she shoved9 / 10the letter under the door; unfortunately, Angel did not notice the letter. When Tess saw the letter was still lying under the door, she was afraid and thought it was her fate.At their wedding night, out of her pure love for Angel, Tess told the truth. However, her husband could not accept it and left her quickly without hesitation. Although Angel abandoned her, Tess even did not blame him, instead, she thought it deserved her right and accepted the result without complaint, though she suffered great pain and sorrow from her husband’s leaving.Thus it can be seen that the traditional concepts imposed great influence and oppression on Tess, and it also reflected the limitation of her and of the time. However, this limitation could not restrain her characters of resistance from developing. 德伯家的苔丝的人物性格分析(5):。
《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝的形象分析
摘要：哈代，英国批判现实主义文学的杰出代表，对19世纪后期英国文学的发展产生了重要的推动作用，其创作穿梭在现代与传统之间。
《德伯家的苔丝》作为哈代的代表作，女主人公的形象也深刻反映了哈代的女性观：哈代肯定女性拥有追求爱情的权利，肯定女性内心对社会的反抗，然而，他的女性观仍然具有矛盾性的特征，并没有摆脱男权文化的束缚。
本文在对小说进行分析的基础上，探讨了苔丝的形象。
关键词：哈代；《德伯家的苔丝》；形象一．哈代和《德伯家的苔丝》作为英国维多利亚时期优秀的小说家之一，哈代（1840-1928）在小说创作方面具有高超的创作艺术，在小说创作领域取得了重要成果，被后人称为“小说界的莎士比亚”，由此可见，其在小说创作领域的地位是非常高的。
哈代非常擅长刻画女性形象，他对女性形象的刻画对后世小说创作影响深远。
《德伯家的苔丝》是哈代的优秀作品之一，它已经成为读者喜爱的经典作品。
小说的女主人公苔丝，美丽单纯，对家庭有责任心，对爱情具有牺牲精神，她是英国当时社会具有传统美德女人的代表。
然而，她也是可怜的，她在婚前遭人诱奸而失去了宝贵的贞操，在遭遇了一系列不幸的事情之后，她走向了毁灭。
在哈代的笔下，苔丝是单纯的，美丽的，善良的，自立自强，并且敢于向社会抗争的女性。
我们可以认为苔丝是传统道德下社会的牺牲品，她是一个本性善良纯洁却被社会无情摧残的传统美丽女性。
《德伯家的苔丝》这部作品刻画的苔丝给读者以深刻的印象，并且引人深思。
二．苔丝的形象在哈代眼中，苔丝是纯洁的，是英国社会传统妇女的典型代表。
苔丝对爱情忠贞，对家庭负责，为了爱情义无反顾，但是最终沦为男权社会的牺牲品，不公平的社会观念导致苔丝这样一个美丽纯洁的女子，不能真正掌握自己的命运，最终走向了灭亡，沦为不公社会的牺牲品。
（一）纯洁善良，对家庭具有责任感的苔丝苔丝出生在一个贫穷的农民家庭，母亲虚荣且庸俗，父亲懒惰且无能，她的家庭是落魄的。
然而，这样的家庭还必须要养育五六个孩子，生活的贫苦是可想而知。
苔丝的人物性格分析[权威资料]
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苔丝的人物性格分析[权威资料] 苔丝的人物性格分析【摘要】英国著名作家哈代笔下的苔丝是一个美丽善良、质朴纯洁、敢于和封建落后思想斗争的农村妇女。
但是由于苔丝出生的时代背景，以及她在性格上的软弱和思想上的妥协致使其超出了自己能够承受的能力范围，最终沦为了一个封建道德的一个牺牲品。
本文将以苔丝的性格特点入手来分析造成其悲剧命运的根源。
【关键字】苔丝;性格分析引言:《德伯家的苔丝》是英国作家哈代的一部具有强烈现实讽刺意味的作品，同时它也是英国十九世纪后期批判现实主义的代表作。
威伯评价它是“英国文学中最伟大的作品之一”。
小说讲述了一位纯洁、善良、坚强并具有反抗精神的农村少女苔丝短暂而悲惨的一生。
鲁迅曾经说过:“悲剧是展示人们对有价值事物的破坏。
”【1】在小说中，苔丝敢于反抗当时社会的不公，却不能彻底摆脱传统道德对自身的羁绊，她的不幸遭遇主要是由女主人公的性格和心理矛盾造成的。
本文将重点从苔丝的性格入手来分析造成悲剧的根源。
一.小说梗概《德伯家的苔丝》塑造了一个善良、坚强的传统女性形象―苔丝，讲述了这样一个农家女子所经历过的悲惨遭遇:她热爱生活，向往忠贞的爱情，勇敢地面对窘境;她靠自己的努力去生活。
她却在一生中遭遇了接连的打击。
去特兰陵一个有钱的德伯维尔老太太那里去认亲，不料，被德伯维尔老太太的儿子亚力克奸污了有了身孕。
为此，苔丝受到了村民的嘲讽，不久刚出生的孩子也意外夭折。
濒临绝望的苔丝来到了一家奶牛场工作，并邂逅了在这里工作的克莱尔。
她们迅速陷入了爱河。
在结婚的那天晚上，苔丝讲述了自己的往事，但是丈夫克莱尔却并不理解苔丝的苦衷，丢下了苔丝远走高飞。
后来她的父亲逝世，一家人无依无靠，这时亚历克趁虚而入来纠缠不休，苔丝不得已委身于他。
克莱尔突然归来使苔丝受刺激最造成了她杀死亚历克的结局。
她的一生虽然短暂，但是种种悲惨遭遇却令人唏嘘不已。
“没有一个人不在读了《德伯家的苔丝》之后而不流下同情的眼泪，也没有人读了它以后而不具有宽大的胸怀和慈悲的精神”。
苔丝形象的分析与悲剧命运的解读
苔丝形象的分析与悲剧命运的解读苔丝（Tess）是英国作家托马斯·哈代的长篇小说《苔丝·达布维尔的命运》中的女主角，她的形象是该小说中的核心。
苔丝的命运揭示了一种无法逃避的悲剧，她的经历和性格展示了社会与命运的残酷真相。
通过对苔丝形象的深入分析，我们可以更好地理解和解读她的悲剧命运。
首先，苔丝是一个美丽而智慧的少女。
她从小生活在一个贫穷的农村家庭中，却有着非凡的美貌和聪明才智。
她的美貌与灵性使她成为时代的象征，吸引了许多男人的注意。
然而，正是这种美丽和智慧最终导致了苔丝的悲剧命运。
她的容貌成为了她的负累，社会对于外貌的偏见和对女性的歧视阻碍了她的发展和幸福。
其次，苔丝的个性特点也为她带来了悲剧。
她是一个善良纯洁，忠诚坚强的女性。
她对待感情真挚而执着，对待自己奋发向上，但却经常受到他人的伤害和背叛。
她的善良和纯洁让她成为了社会道德和观念的牺牲品，她所面对的是一个以男性为中心、价值观触碰的社会。
苔丝的悲剧命运还与她的家庭背景和社会环境有关。
她出生在一个卑贱的家庭，贫穷和社会地位使她缺乏基本的社会保障和资源。
她在成长过程中遭遇了许多困难和不公正待遇，这进一步削弱了她的信心和勇气。
最重要的是，苔丝的命运受到了性别歧视和社会规范的限制。
在当时的社会，女性的地位被严重压抑，他们缺乏独立和自由的权利。
这使得苔丝在情感和家庭选择上受到了强烈的束缚和控制。
她的痛苦和命运最终来自于对传统观念的局限，以及对女性价值的不公正评判。
通过对苔丝形象的深入分析，我们可以看到她的命运是社会的产物，她的遭遇是时代背景和社会制度的必然结果。
哈代通过苔丝的故事向读者展示了社会不公和性别歧视的严重性，揭示了个体与社会力量的悲剧冲突。
正是这种冲突和压迫最终导致了苔丝的悲剧命运。
通过这个悲剧命运的解读，我们可以更好地理解和思考自身所处的社会环境和命运。
苔丝的故事是一个警钟，提醒着我们对于社会不公和个体权利的关注。
我们应该努力争取平等和自由，不被社会压迫和规范束缚。
试论《德伯家的苔丝》中主要人物
试论《德伯家的苔丝》中主要人物《德伯家的苔丝》是英国著名作家托马斯·哈代的一部代表作。
在这部小说中，主要人物苔丝和亚雷克·德伯的形象深入人心，他们的性格、行为和命运构成了这部小说的核心。
苔丝是这部小说的女主角，她是一个美丽、单纯、善良的农村女孩。
她具有一种自然的美丽和青春的活力，这使得她在男性主导的社会中受到了不公平的待遇。
苔丝的美丽和纯洁成为了她的负担，因为她常常成为男性的目标，包括她的贵族亲戚亚雷克·德伯。
亚雷克·德伯是一个富有的贵族，他是一个放荡不羁、不受道德约束的人。
他对苔丝的美貌垂涎三尺，并不顾一切地要得到她。
他无视苔丝的意愿和感受，利用她的单纯和善良占有她，使她遭受了种种不幸。
然而，亚雷克·德伯也付出了一定的代价，他的行为给他带来了内疚和痛苦，他最终也无法得到苔丝的心。
除了这两个主要人物，小说中还有许多其他重要的人物。
例如苔丝的父母亲，他们虽然爱苔丝，但因为自己的利益和欲望，对女儿的遭遇无动于衷。
另外还有苔丝的丈夫安玑，他虽然爱苔丝，但因为自己的虚荣心和狭隘思想，无法理解苔丝的痛苦和无助。
这些人物的行为和命运都与苔丝和亚雷克·德伯密切相关。
他们的故事构成了一个复杂的社会背景，反映了当时英国社会的道德沦丧和人性扭曲。
通过这些人物，哈代深刻地揭示了当时社会的黑暗面，并提出了对道德、人性和女性地位的深刻思考。
《德伯家的苔丝》中的主要人物苔丝和亚雷克·德伯是两个鲜明、复杂的形象。
他们的故事揭示了当时英国社会的黑暗面，并对道德、人性和女性地位提出了深刻的思考。
这部小说不仅是一部文学巨著，也是一部反映社会现实的重要作品。
《德伯家的苔丝》是英国著名作家哈代的一部长篇小说，也是“威塞克斯系列”中的一部。
这部作品不仅描绘了当时英国社会的伪善和道德的扭曲，也展示了苔丝这位悲剧主人公的命运。
阿历克和苔丝，一个作为悲剧的始作俑者，一个作为悲剧的主角，在小说中共同构建了这部充满悲剧色彩的作品。
《德伯家的苔丝》人物形象新论,英美文学论文_634
《德伯家的苔丝》人物形象新论,英美文学论文《德伯家的苔丝》人物形象新论内容提要:苔丝标志着新的农业工人新形象的诞生。
尽管思想上具有软弱性,但在灾难面前表现出来的刚毅和自我牺牲的献身精神,使她成为一个富有悲剧力量的人物。
安玑•克莱是资产阶级虚伪道德的形象,在哲学意义上是一个理想主义者。
他思想上具有矛盾性,那脱离客观现实的理想主义的爱情,是现实同理想发生矛盾的结果。
亚雷•德伯是依靠商业致富的资产者和暴发户形象,他是同安玑•克莱这个“精神的人”相对照的“肉欲的人”,他对苔丝的玩弄,展示了资产阶级宗教的伪善。
安玑崇拜,倾慕和追求她,在精神上摧残她,亚雷•德伯用卑鄙可耻的手段把她占为己有。
在他们身上,展现了人性的多重性,他们从精神和肉体上绞杀了苔丝。
苔丝视安玑为天神,视亚雷为恶魔,但她始终无法挣脱资本主义文明社会的天罗地网。
如果说亚雷残暴地毁灭了苔丝的清白之身,那么安玑则是无情地伤害了苔丝的纯真之心。
亚雷和安玑从两端拉起资本主义社会的网,捕杀了苔丝,他们是扼杀苔丝的双刃剑。
关键词:《德伯家的苔丝》人物形象Title: A New Interp retation of the Characters in Tess of the D’U rbervillesAbstract: With many distinctive features, the characters in the novel Tess of the D ’U rbervilles are very imp ressive. Tess, the heroine, is a symbolic image of a comp letely new agriculturalworker. She is the embodiment of beauty and love, daughter of the nature, with both the traditional and modern characteristics in her. She is noble2minded, but is considered a woman offending public decency. Although sometimesweak and feeble in her personality when confronted with the calamities, she disp lays both fortitude, with a steadfast sp irit of the self2sacrifice. All these make her a moving and tragic figure. That isn’t only the personal resistance, but also the demonstration of her demanding for the human rights of all the working class and the exposure of the evils of the whole society. Angel is a rep resentative of a cap italist hypocriticalmorality and an idealist in the sense of philosophy. The contradiction of the ideology and the lofty ideal of love divorced from reality are the contradictory results of the ideal and the reality. His philandering with Tess reveals the hypocrisy of the religion. Adored and wooed byAngel, Tess is destroyed sp iritually.Tess has been forcibly occup ied byAlec, who was a figure of an up start, bymeans of the business, in the early cap italist period.Contrasted with Angel, the idealist, Alec was the devil of the carnal desire. All the characters show the varieties of humanity nature and it is the two male characterswho had actually strangled Tess. Although being looked upon by Tess either as god or devil,they make Tess unable to escape from the drag net of the cap italism. IfAlec could be said to have ruthlessly occup ied the purity of her body, we may also say that itwasAngelwho hasmercilessly damaged the innocence of her mind. In a word, Angel and Alec has cap tured, killed and destroyed Tess spiritually and bodily.Key words: Tess of the DU rbervilles characters imagesAuthor: Yao Zhenp ing is associate p rofessor at the Basic CoursesDepartment of the PLA Academy of Communications(Wuhan 430010, China),engagedinEnglishteaching.Email:****************一苔丝是一个遭受旧道德迫害的现代女性。
《德伯维尔家的苔丝》苔丝的人物性格分析 英语毕业论文
《德伯维尔家的苔丝》苔丝的人物性格分析摘要：托马斯·哈代、最有影响力的英语作家,建立了19及20世纪的文学形式。
他的代表作品,《德伯维尔家的苔丝》揭示了小说“性格与环境的精神”。
《德伯维尔家的苔丝》使哈代的文学创作取得了辉煌的成就。
哈代认为苔丝拥有女性的主要性格--纯洁,这使得他遇到激烈和严厉的批评,他们中的大多数人可以接受哈代的观点。
哈代的杰作《德伯维尔家的苔丝》描写了一个有痛苦经历的乡村女孩。
她用自己的双手去劳动,使人们感到她的真心。
她是一个“纯洁的女人”。
最后她以悲剧结束，人们讨论她的悲剧原因。
然而,她有一个强大的精神的战斗,反对社会、伪善的宗教。
她所做的一切就是放弃旧道德的社会,追求幸福的婚姻。
同时苔丝是一个纯洁的女人她对她的家庭和她的爱负责。
她已在世人面前表现她所受到的侮辱,这预示着一种抗强大的女人的形象。
AbstractThomas Hardy, one of the most influential English writers, helped forge a link between the 19th and 20th century literary tradition .Tess of the D’Urbervilles, one of his representative works, best reveals the “Novels of Character and Environment” spirit. Tess is the crowning achievement of Hardy’s literary creation.Hardy considers the main female character of Tess as “A pure woman”, which made him encounter fierce and harsh criticism, for most of them could accept Hardy’s view . Hardy’s masterpiece Tess of the D’Urbervilles describes the miserable experience of a rural girl. But too unfortunate to overthrow this girl who calls Tess, she relies on her own hands to work, moving people with her own sincerity. She is “a pure woman”. Finally she winds up with the tragedy, which is why people often discuss her as the source of the tragedy. However, she has a powerful spirit of fighting, fighting against the society, the hypocritical religion. All she did was to abandon the old ethical society and to pursuit a happy marriage. Meanwhile Tess is a pure woman and she is responsible for her family and her love. She has shown in front of common people her own practical action that she is insulted, which indicates a resisting powerful woman's images.Key words: revolt, compromise, a pure woman ,responsibilityA personality analysis of TessIntroductionThomas Hardy (1840-1928) was a Britain’s critical realism novelist and poet at the end of the 19th century. Hardy’s creation period includes carrying out the transition to the stage of imperialism from non- monopoly capitalism. His novel is filled with his background in homeland, including the near prefecture district. He has observed the agricultural crisis to fill in miserable consequence that the special prefecture causes in one, describe this regional peasant’s disaster received. Tess of the D’Urberville, is the first famous work of Britain outstanding realistic writer. Because Hardy had once had experience of living in the Ministry of Agriculture, he was extremely familiar with peasants’life, personality, custom, language, etc. Works of Hardy reflect capitalist factor invading Britain social economy, politics, morals, and enormous custom changes of under countryside, showed the miserable destiny of the rural working people of specific historical period. The theme of Hardy’s novel is to show the antinomy between people and society, personality and environment, especially through the description of issues such as love and marriage, displaying the individual confliction when people fight against social outmoded practice, religion law, morals custom. In his works, especially woman images in the works of him have deeply shown this characteristic. Tess of the D’Urbervilles, is the essential reflection of Hardy’s style and the society he wanted to show.Chapter One The Personality of Tess ----the Spirit ofRevolt1.1 Tess’s Fight to the Moribund Society1.1.1 The Moribund SocietyAs industrial movement swept England in the 19th century, People pour into countryside in crowds, as wild animal pray on like the animal occupying that land liberated. In a short period of time, Britain rural resident many times since the period of Louis 14, and the number of people is also running up. When the number of them has exceeded the urbanite, they have exercised an influence on urbanite again. So, the difference between the city and village becomes smaller and smaller, the urbanite’s thought and lively style make the village getting vigorous. 1Been classified as eliminating the differentials between town and country of the socialist goal by us all the time, it was that falling has been realized like this unexpectedly here. Especially, Woman has to oppress seriously from moribund society, it cause to grow spirit of revolt.1.1.2 Resistance of the Moribund SocietyBecause of the social reason, many people have to revolt. Tess is the one of these people. Tess hates the moribund society and Alec. When seeing Tess, he set the trap that has destroyed the young girl’s chaste and the happiness in all her life. Alec not only has essence and characteristic of the landlord class but also reflect the essential characteristic of the capitalist class. He thinks he has money and high social status, and Tess will like him. But he is wrong, Tess disdain to Alec, she is surrender to Alec, she isn’t marry to Alec as her mother ask for her, she says：“Perhaps any woman will, but I exception.” This prove that Tess resist with moribund social evil force. She wouldn’t wait impatiently to save herself from society fully, she would rather rely on her own efforts to be impractical on evil forceunder the foot. Beg that gives alms. When Alec requires Tess stay at his side, Tess responds him firmly. “Never, never! I made up my mind as soon as I saw--what I ought to have seen sooner, and I won’t come.” These also show Tess’s spirit of revolt to the moribund society. Until the fact that Angel come back, Tess break out finally, “And my sin will kill him and not kill me! ... O, you have torn my life all to pieces ... made me be what I prayed you in pity not to make me be again! ... My own true husband will never, never--O God--I can’t bear this! -- I cannot!”2 She has lifted the knife, killed Alec, as the severe reaction unjust to this society. Even if she has accepted the judgment of the death, she is quiet leaving finally, because she got the fairness of her heart at last, got the balance. There is only one effective method to reach the moribund resistance---kill Alce.1.2Resistance of the Traditional Moral Concept1.2.1The Traditional Moral ConceptTess lived in a small village where people’s concepts are traditional. They could not accept someone to violate the concept. If someone violate, they will disdain her. Angel, husband of Tess, is one of the representatives of traditional moral concepts, being even the main rea son that causes Tess’s tragedy. In his eyes, Tess is “what a fresh and pure daughter of nature that dairymaid is!” holy and pure, but Tess is to her honest experience abused on the past at the newly married night, because of his traditional moral concept, he has not forgiven Tess, as Tess did forgive his dissolute behavior. This shows a deep-rooted traditional chastity idea is still in his mind. Angle could not forgive Tess because there are some traditional concepts in his mind, but Tess forgives him. These prove Tess’s spirit for the traditional concepts.1.2.2Resistance of the Traditional Moral ConceptTess dare saying her own past bold, she believes whether a woman is pure or not, is not to look chastity, the more important thing is the soul and quality, Tess has not been defeated after suffering misfortune. Not crushed by the traditional morals ethics idea, she still has deep love for working, relying on herself to live. Clare forgives Tess when return after going out, which prove traditional failure of moral concept after all and make the final victory in resistance of Tess. In addition, after Tess has illegitimate children, she has not abandoned him, but bring him up until he died. Tess does not give consideration to the view of the people around, using her own practical action to show common people the purity of a woman losing virginity, which is resistance of her traditional moral concept to the old society too --W hether can’t evaluate the woman’s purity or not with the woman’s chastity. It is obvious, Tess with her industrious and simple and sincere and strong traditional moral concept of resistance, and has won the victory.1.3Resistance of the Hypocritical Religion1.3.1The Hypocritical ReligionBritain followed Christianity in the 19th century, the religion was a spiritual tool that was used for liberating the people on the surface. When people see through its hypocritical side, they will resist it. Tess is also the one who object to it when looks through it. Alec turns respectable for a time with the help of old pastor, and after he meets Tess, evil thought regenerated. Tess sees through the soul of the pastor, pointing out precisely: “Don’t go on with it!” she cried passionately, as she turned away from him to a stile by the wayside, on which she bent herself. “I can’t believe in such sudden things! I feel indignant with you for talking to me like this, when you know--when you know what harm you’ve done me! You, and those like you, take your fill of pleasure on earth by making the life of such as me bitterand black with sorrow, and then it is a fine thing, when you have had enough of that, to think of securing your pleasure in heaven by becoming converted! Out upon such--I don’t believe in you--I hate it!” It is obvious that Tess discontented with the hypocritical religion, and Alec utilizes the coat of the religion, making the obscene behavior, scorned by Tess, the severe reaction of Tess: “But I have not defended the weak woman of ability, Alec! I am still grasping the honor of a good person in the hand! --Think carefully --You do not feel ashamed! “This is Tess that reprimand to Alec frivolous act, pointing out Alec’s mask of “good person”. Not merely, she has also beaten back the harassing and wrecking of Alec. In addition, after illegitimate child of Tess fall ill, Tess forewarns the finishing of this light life, she ignores the restraint of the religious doctrine of the religion, and has done baptism for this child. But now that her moral sorrows were passing away, a fresh one arose on the natural side of her: she knew nothing about social law.3When she reached home she learned that the baby had been suddenly ill since the afternoon. Such collapse had been probable, so tender and puny was its frame, but the event came as a shock nevertheless. But no one to help her, they disdain her, so Tess think the religion is hypocritical.1.3.2 Resistance of the Hypocritical ReligionThe calmness, which had possessed Tess since the christening, remained with her in the infant’s loss. In the daylight, indeed, she felt her terrors about his soul to have been somewhat exaggerated, whether well founded or not she had no uneasiness now, reasoning that if Providence would not ratify such an act of approximation she, for one, did not value the kind of heaven lost by the irregularity--either for herself or for her child. She returns reasoning and says: “If God is unwilling to sanction this kind of close method on the whole of hers, that piece lost paradise have value can speak either because this kind does not conform to normal baptism then.” Therefore Tess believes if religion is true, equal, then have the so-called paradise, if the religion is unfair to people, is hypocritical, this is whatshe’s judgment of the religion false, at the same time it is the resistance of the hypocritical religion too, she believes real religion is true, real religion should adhere rigidly to the form, norm, otherwise would rather not believe. The above behaviors and speech have proved Tess to the hypocritical resistance of one side of religion effectively. She despises to the representative of religion hypocritical, and it shows her spirit of revolt extremely especially to hypocritical religion.1.4Resistance to the Unfortunate Marriage1.4.1The Unfortunate MarriageUnder parents’advice, under the pressure of the family life, Tess has entered into d’Urbervilles home, the haggling business, which had mainly depended on the horse, became disorganized forthwith. Durbeyfield was what was locally called a slack-twisted fellow, he had good strength to work at times, but the times could not be relied on to coincide with the hours of requirement. And having been unaccustomed to the regular toil of the day laborer, he was not particularly persistent when they did so coincide. Tess, meanwhile, as the one who had dragged her parents into this quagmire, was silently wondering what she could do to help them out of it, and then her mother broached her scheme go. And it is unfortunate to suffer, but she didn’t want marry Alec, which would save her misfortune by obtaining the marriage. She still wants to pursue the real happiness and marriage. So, she met Clare, fall in love with him, and combine with him. In order to live in a happy life with Angel, she tried every means to forget her sad past and treat him sincerely. After Angel knows she was raped by Alec, their relationship is torn apart, and Angel Clare leaves for Brazil, then Tess has finally been forced to marry Alec. She never feels happy in the marriage with Alec. That is the unfortunate marriage she has. She wouldrather bear the shame sign of “woman losing virginity,”stands enormous social pressure and terrible discrimination, than to violate her own true feelings and spoil her own true love.1.4.2Resistance Tess to the Unfortunate MarriageTess of the D’Urbervilles, has a subtitle, “a pure woman”. This proves Tess’s unfortunate fight of marriage. She thinks the losing of the virgin’s chastity does not mean losing the purity of the love. So she again and again asks Angel: “I thought, Angel, that you loved me--me, my very self! If it is I you do love, O how can it be that you look and speak so? It frightens me! Having begun to love you, I love you forever--in all changes, in all disgraces, because you are yourself. I ask no more. Then how can you, O my own husband, stop loving me?” She does not think that love must be equivalent to chastity, but believes that real love should be the idea of abandoning common customs, natural, simple and honest. Though she fails to get understanding from Clare at the beginning when she was ready for the happy marriage that she dreams of, she never give up, still veining for a gleam of hope for the happy marriage. However, finally she could not get rid of the evil force. Before she gets pardon from Angel, she falls into inferior trap of Alec. She killed Alec. Obtain unprecedented ease and freedom. Tess has a happiest time while catching. She leaves happily finally. She has been lived again on younger sister, who get real purity marriage without prejudice and common customs.Chapter Two Tess’s Natural Instincts —Compromise, a New Woman and a Pure Woman2.1 Tess’s Compromise to AlecAfter Tess’s horse died, her life is change. In order to support her family, she has to live with Alec. When Tess comes across with Alec near four years later in the village of Ever Head, though Alec D’Urbervilles seems first to have undergone a remarkable transformation from a rake into a pious and religious man, he discards this posture so effortlessly and quickly that it seems to have been a superfluous charade. Alec can escape legal sanctions, unaffected. He represents a larger moral principle rather than a real individual man. Like Satan, Alec symbolizes the base forces of life that drive a person away from moral perfection and greatness. Tess continues to suffer as a social outcast because of a disgrace that is much more Alec’s fault than hers, yet the hypocritical Alec has the luxury to repent and even win acceptance as a preacher. Tess’s plight as a woman thus appears incredibly unjust, stressing “The Woman Pays”. So, Tess is observant and distrusting of Alec, and she views his conversion as a plot to win her back. She has learnt her lesson about risking herself and her happiness for the sake of money. She is much stronger woman now and is more knowledgeable about conniving men, especially Alec. This strength deters Alec and makes him feel weaker and more vulnerable because his plot is not working.Her second compromise to Alec is when she lives with Alec again, while enduring the abandoned life, as Tess struggles with Alec’s temptation, her need for Angel, becomes more and more desperate. If Angel were to return to her and do his duty as her husband, her problems would greatly diminish. She writes to Angel and pleads that he not judges her onher irretrievable past. Tess’s situation thus makes her very vulnerable to Alec’s persuasions. She is obviously heartbroken and needs to be loved more than ever. She is also distraught by her family’s ever-worsening financial situation. Alec’s reasoning seems more valid to Tess than it has in the past. In a way, Tess and Alec are similar in that they have both fallen and ask for forgiveness for their indiscretions. After a long wait for Angel’s reply, but nothing, Tess begins to realize that Alec may be her only hope. She gives up all hopes and becomes Alec’s mistress for the sake of her family. Tess’s love is not given the spirit of transcendence and physical beauty, but with the loss of self-emaciated blind and miserable, unrealistic to imagine that there is no hope with the chessboard, and all are attributable to the self-destiny of the fate and helplessness. Her life is not worthwhile to an attachment that her man and this is a profound tragedy. When she feels the opinions of all the sacrifices so insignificant, as all acts of levity, finally decides to angrily rebel. Of course, Tess once expressed her plainness angrily by the last letter to Angel under a completely disappointed condition. ”O why have you treated me so monstrously, Angel! I do not deserve it. I have thought it all over carefully, and I can never, never forgive you! You know that I did not intend to wrong you-why you so wronged me? You are cruel, cruel indeed! I will try to forget you. It is all injustice I have received at your hands.”Even when Angel comes back with love and loyalty to ask for her forgiveness, she says to him: “Too late, too late!”“Don’t come close to me, Angel!” All of these are still not Tess’s real intentions from her posterior acts. When she stays with Angel while escaping to be arrested, she says: “I want you to go on loving me. I’m afraid you might reject me one day for what I’ve done. Then I would rather be dead I must have been mad to kill him! But I don’t want to be alive when you reject me for it”. 4 Because she is disappointed with Angle, so she compromise to Alec.2.2 A New WomanTess is a new woman because she leaves her husband and lives with Alec. When she first meets Clare again, she does not dare to leave Alec, her current love, because she has committed adultery before marriage .When Clare turns back to Tess and finds her, he still notices the pure outlook of Tess.” Her great natural beauty was, if not heightened, rendered more obvious by her attire.” Her beauty cannot be covered, but she does not think she could live with Angle, she lives with Alec and becomes Mrs. D’Urbervilles at the moment. “She had not come forward, remaining still in the opening of the doorway.” She rather not goes near Angle. She reminds Angle “too late”. However, “her voice sounding hard through the room, her eyes shine unnaturally.”This shows that she still has good feeling with Clare .Gradually, she shouted, “I hate him now, because he told me a lie-that you would not come again; and you have come!” She is disappointed because she thinks that Clare would not look for her. She hates Alec because she loves Clare. Although she again asks Clare to go away, her loves makes Clare strong. She is fighting for her own way. She breaks through the convention because she is not submissive or docile. She is fortitudinous self-dependent. Tess is seduced by Alec, she is pregnant and has a son who dies in infant. Refused by a priest, Tess baptizes her son with the help of her sisters and brothers, and buries him herself. Without hesitation, Tess goes to a farm as a dairymaid. There she meets and marries to Angel. But Angel abandons her relentlessly after he knew her past. When she is conscious that Angel will never forgive her, she returns home. In order to hide this truth, she bravely leaves home again for work. These show her courage for live. She do not complain but want a new life. There is a setting in the novel about Tess finds several wounded birds. “Poor darlings-to suppose myself the most miserable being on earth in the sight of such misery as yours!”5 She exclaimed. And not a twinge of bodily pain about me! I be not mangled, and I be not bleeding, and I have two hands to feed and clothe me…The another setting is the description about Flintcomb-Ash “The stubborn soil around her showed plainly enough thatthe kind of labor in demand here was of the roughest kind, but it was time to rest from searching, and she resolved to stay,”These two settings reveal Tess’s fortitude and self-dependence.Tess is full of rebel spirit. It mostly is displayed in the relation between Tess and Alec. At the blush Tess dislikes Alec. No regard of his blandishments, she leaves him angrily after she is seduced by him. Later, when they meet again, Tess finds Alec suddenly changes his identity to be a priest. Tess feels it’s a great irony to religion. So she uncovers his filthy inbeing with the acid-tongued words. “Have you saved yourself? Charity begins at home, they say.”“…You, and those like you, take your fill of pleasure on earth by making the life of such as me bitter and black with sorrow, and then it is a fine thing, when you have had enough of that, to think of securing your pleasure in heaven by becoming converted! Out upon such-I don’t believe in you-I hate it!” In order to stop Alec’s pestering again, Tess hits him by her glove. At last, she wakes up to that she has been ruined completely by Alec, she takes up a knife and kill Alec in desperation. She is not submissive to man. She shouts to Alec when Clare has gone. “You had used your cruel persuasion upon me…I have lost him now-again because of you! You have torn my life all in pieces…made me is what I prayed you in pity not to make me be again! My own true husband will never-O God-I can’t bear this! I cannot!” Her shouting greatly indicates her character of a new woman. She dares to express her anger in front of her husband because she wants to fight for her true love. She does not want to be suppressed in such a patriarchal society. She is a representative of a new woman.2.3 A Pure WomanTess was born in a family of a poor rural tradesman, this is the reason why she is pure. T here were many children in her family. Her father drank a lot and didn’t work hard and her mother herself liked a child and never thought about the future. In order to earn some money, Tess and her little brother Abby had to set off with the beehives on the early morning. But unfortunately, the poor “Prince”, an old horse, the only possessive of her family died on the way. Who could support the family without “Prince”? Life became rather difficult for the Durbeyfields. Tess was so kind that she wondered how she could help her parents all day. But what she could do only was to look after the children and do some housework. Her mother sent her to claim kin with a distant relative of noble D’Urbervilles family in the hope of changing the poor and miserable condition of the family. Here she did not expect to have the life of the upper–class, she only wanted to work hard to support her family. Because of her pure she does not Alec is a bad man, so she was seduced under the circumstance of her innocence when they were lost in the forest. Tess lost her girlish purity. But we could not accept that it was Tess’s fault. As the people of her village said, “It was to be”. From then on, Tess’s life was to be completely different.For the sake of her family, she spared no effort to devote herself. After being deserted by Angel, her family was in trouble. Her father died of illness. Her mother was ill seriously. Her brother and sister were unable to go to school. The whole family begged along the street. In this case, Tess had to live together with Alec to improve her family’s living condition. It seemed that she was not a pure woman. But in that society and that time, women’s status was very low. They had no better way to earn a lot of money to support their family. So Tess had no choice but sacrifice herself in order to make the life of family improve. Tess is a selfless women, she still kept a noble spirit. In this sense, I think Tess was a pure woman.Chapter Three A personality of Tess ----Responsibilityand Honest3.1 Tess is Responsible for Her FamilyTess is able to bear great burdens placed upon her at a young age. She is between the ages of 16 and 23 when we read her tale. This ability to undergo so much at such a young age builds her character so that we see her as a powerful force in the novel. She accepts blame for Prince’s death; the death of her infant son, Sorrow; the loss of Angel and the destruction of her marriage; as well as her killing Alec with her own hands and leaving home three times in her life to “test the waters of the world” outside her village. Tess is a fresh country girl who is full of the sense of responsibility for her family because of father’s laziness and mother’s simple mindedness. The horse’s death let her think she is responsible for this accident and she must earn money to support her poor family. This guilt leads her to visit the D’Urbervilles and puts her into an uncertain and potentially dangerous situation. The death of her father adds her family’s eviction because her reputation makes it incumbent on her to act for her young brother and sisters. With no option, she bears sadness to live with Alec again. If not for Tess, the family may be very badly off indeed, but Tess’s self-sacrifice gains nothing except a series of blame.Tess came back home again after Angel’s leaving. She sent all her money to her poor family. Then she had to bear a heavy family’s burden again. In order to get enough food to keep herself and her family alive, she left Marlette again looking for work. She found irregular diary work for the spring and summer. It was so hard a job that once she was near to faint. And after the death of her father, her family had to leave their cottage. However,they had nowhere to live. Tess could not endure the burden of the life any more. In order to support the life of her family, she had no choice but to live with Alec again as his mistress.“Tess’s acute sense of responsibility, which may lead to the assumption of tasks to be done or to the sense of guilt for things done or left undone, is a strongly unifying element.”6 She first felt “self-reproach” for staying so long at the dance, and “remorse” for her mother’s labor in getting her frock ready. When her father was drunk, she took the wagon on an all-night trip toward the market. She fell asleep, and the horse was killed. Because she felt responsible, she undertook another venture that she disliked---visiting the D’urbervilles in the hope of improving the family fortunes. She always had a feeling of responsibility for her family’s difficulties. That was why she endured so many pains.She might had a comfortable life with the money Angel left for her, she might had a normal and happy life as other maidens if she refused to visit the D’urbervilles, but the character of endurance and responsibility made her did everything for her poor family.3.2 Tess is Honest to Her LoveTess’s true and pure love to Clare drives her to break the convention. She says, “I never loved him at all, Angel, as love you…Angel will you forgive my sin against you, now I have killed him?” Her ending of her relationship by means by murdering is unconventional. She can do anything even murders others just for her true love. She says, “O yes! I could walk forever and ever with your arm round me.” Although she is in a tough situation, her love for Clare is concrete and this drives her mad. She says again, “I feel strong enough to walk any distance.” Her love forces her to break-through. Her character of a new woman is clearly shown. Tess undergoes her self-discovery journey to look for her own happiness. Tess is free from the marriage convention after her killing Alec. She does not feel sad。
苔丝形象的分析与悲剧命运的解读
苔丝形象的分析与悲剧命运的解读苔丝·杜布莱维尔，是托马斯·哈代创作的小说《苔丝·杜布莱维尔》中的主人公，她的形象和命运引发了广泛的讨论和解读。
本文将对苔丝的形象进行分析，并对她的悲剧命运进行解读。
首先，苔丝的形象可以被概括为既脆弱又坚韧的女性。
她出生在贫穷的家庭中，从小生活在农村。
她渴望改变自己的命运，努力上进，成为一个独立自主的女性。
她聪明、勤奋，深受雇主弗罗伊上校的喜爱。
然而，她遭遇了一系列的不幸。
从她婚姻的失败，到她的孩子的死亡，再到她爱慕的弗罗伊上校的背叛和死亡。
这一切的悲剧命运使苔丝变得更加坚强，但最终她无法摆脱命运的束缚，最终导致了她的自杀。
苔丝的形象也体现了时代的社会问题和对女性的压迫。
她生活在十九世纪末的英国社会，女性的社会地位相对较低，他们注定要被男性统治和控制。
尽管苔丝努力追求自己的梦想并追求爱情，但她最终被命运和社会的压迫击垮。
她的命运被周围的社会环境所限制，她的努力和坚持无法改变现实。
她的悲剧命运展现了当时女性所面临的社会问题，引发了对性别角色和平等的深思。
苔丝的形象也体现了作者对人性和命运的思考。
她是一个拥有光明和美好的内心的女性，但她的命运却充满了黑暗和痛苦。
她的个人选择和她所处的环境存在着不可调和的冲突，这使她无法摆脱命运的安排。
苔丝是对人类命运的思考，她的悲剧命运让读者反思人生的意义和命运的力量。
最后，苔丝的命运也批判了社会的道德观念和伦理价值。
她所遭遇的悲剧并非都是由她个人的错误、弱点或行为所引起的。
她的命运是一个个别人性的集合，是伦理体系的罪恶。
托马斯·哈代通过苔丝的命运暗示了社会伦理体系存在的问题，批判了社会对个人自由和幸福的压迫。
总之，苔丝·杜布莱维尔的形象和命运在《苔丝·杜布莱维尔》中扮演着重要的角色。
她的形象既体现了女性的脆弱又表现出坚韧，她的命运引发了对社会问题和个人命运的思考。
通过苔丝，读者可以看到对社会、人性和伦理观念的批判，并追问人生的意义和命运的力量。
苔丝形象的分析与悲剧命运的解读
苔丝形象的分析与悲剧命运的解读苔丝形象的分析与悲剧命运的解读约瑟夫•康拉德的小说《黑暗之心》中，苔丝·米勒幕后的形象扮演着至关重要的角色。
她是一位情感丰富、聪明才智的女性，但却面临着不幸的命运。
通过对苔丝形象的分析，我们可以深入探讨她的悲剧命运，并思考人性与社会环境对人的影响。
首先，苔丝的形象呈现出一种矛盾而复杂的内心世界。
她出生于贫穷的家庭，具有聪慧和敏感的天赋。
她对知识的渴望和追求使她在封闭的社会环境中成长，并且不断挑战既定的权威。
然而，她的进步与自由思想激起了社会的反对和压抑。
苔丝的自由意识被视为异端，并遭受到严厉的批判和惩罚。
她的命运与她的自由意志发生了冲突，这使她陷入痛苦和困惑之中。
苔丝的悲剧命运不仅是由于内在矛盾，也受到了社会环境的严酷限制。
在小说中，康拉德通过精心描绘当时的社会背景，展现了社会道德与个体意愿之间的冲突。
苔丝生活在一个男权至上、传统保守的社会中，在这个社会中，女性的地位受到极大的限制和剥夺。
她的理想和渴望要靠个人奋斗，这无疑是巨大的挑战。
社会对苔丝的种种压迫使她的梦想变得不可能实现，尽管她有着坚定的意志和努力，但最终她的命运被摧毁了。
苔丝的悲剧命运也与她对爱情的追求和无法实现的婚姻有关。
她爱上了德里克·罗彻斯特，一个属于上层社会的男人。
尽管他们的感情是真实的，但却受到了那个时代的种种禁锢和阻碍。
苔丝面临着家庭、财富和地位的巨大压力，这使她最终选择了放弃自己的爱情。
她的命运受到了社会等级和家庭利益的束缚，无法逃脱悲剧的结局。
苔丝的悲剧命运引发了对人性和社会环境的思考。
她的形象向我们揭示了一个普遍而深刻的主题：个体意愿与社会规则之间的冲突。
她渴望自由与进步，但社会的束缚和限制使她无法实现这些追求。
苔丝的悲剧命运向我们展示了人性的脆弱和社会环境对人的深远影响。
她的故事呼唤着对社会正义与个人权利之间的平衡的思考，同时也让我们反思当代社会中是否存在类似的问题和现象。
浅析《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝的人物形象
浅析《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝的人物形象一个纯洁朴实的女人(一)传统美德从小说的副标题就可以看出苔丝是一个纯洁的女人。
一个纯洁的女人并不是所谓的完美无瑕的女人。
首先在古老美丽朴实的村庄里苔丝是一个普通并拥有传统美德的农村女孩。
苔丝是一个吸引众人眼球的充满活力的年轻漂亮女孩。
见过她的人无一不发出本能的称赞。
在加入行走的队伍中，她是个纯洁美丽的姑娘而且她也是唯一一个在一片白色队伍里能以这种引人注目的装饰自夸的。
苔丝的妈妈说苔丝的皮肤就如同公爵夫人的一样。
亚雷也叫她美人并难以自拔地靠近她。
安玑也曾自言自语道“多么纯洁的自然之女啊！”科瑞克说苔丝是他至今所见过的牛奶场里最美丽的牛奶工。
苔丝似乎从来不炫耀她与生俱来的美丽但却由于从她妈妈那继承来的特性遭受了很多苦难。
苔丝是个简单的女孩，她没有父母的那种虚荣心，她所渴望的是一种平静的生活，和其它的乡村女孩一样她也曾有时在心中坚守着一个纯洁神圣的天堂。
“每个人都有自己的小太阳让心灵温暖，苍穹的梦想，某些喜爱，某些爱好，或者起码的一些遥远而清晰的期盼。
”在小说的开头，苔丝被告之和尊贵的德伯家族是亲戚，在她的父母为此而自豪之时，她却坚持自己是农民的女儿并表现出对贵族血统的轻蔑。
安玑认为苔丝是上帝创造的梦想中的女孩并称她为阿泰米斯，戴特明和其它一些富有想象力的名字。
但苔丝只让他简单地称呼自己苔丝而已。
名字只是名字不能代表什么，这在莎士比亚的《罗密欧和朱丽叶》中也可以看到。
(二)无私奉献苔丝是自然之女，也是自然的化身。
她与自然的统一让她对土地和动物的爱与众不同。
苔丝一直认为她是一个通过自己双手劳动的普通农村女孩。
曾经因为太年轻而无力承受家庭的重担。
当被迫到德伯家去认亲时，她只单纯地认为是去那工作而已。
去牛奶场工作不久，她就说“我现在将要用手挤奶了。
苔丝的勤劳和灵巧的技能使她在牛奶场工作得心应手并成为一位令人满意的挤奶女工。
她与自然的强烈统一使得天气的变化也能反映她的情绪。
对《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝女性形象的分析
对《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝女性形象的分析王迎托马斯·哈代是19世纪末20世纪初英国著名的批判现实主义作家，《德伯家的苔丝》是哈代最具有代表性的作品。
《德伯家的苔丝》这部作品描述了一位纯洁勇敢、漂亮独立、勤劳甜美的少女悲惨的一生。
由于家境贫寒，为了生存，对社会凶险毫无认知的苔丝离家谋生，不幸的是苔丝却被亚雷·德伯奸污，并生下了私生子。
本该享受生命中美好年华的苔丝却时时刻刻遭受着周围人的唾弃与歧视，孩子的不幸早逝更对她的精神造成了严重的创伤。
苔丝在牧场做工的时候偶遇了克莱尔，当天真的苔丝将自己的过去向克莱尔坦诚相告后，却被无情地抛弃。
最终在物质和精神上受尽双重折磨的苔丝，将毁了她一生的亚雷悲愤地杀死后，坦然走向绞刑架，结束了自己悲惨的一生。
一、苔丝光辉的女性形象在哈代之前的许多作家,如狄更斯、理查逊等人对女性人物的描绘和刻画通常是按照世俗道德标准和传统价值取向进行的。
但是,哈代在其文学作品中,创造了一批与传统的女性形象截然不同的新女性形象。
哈代笔下的新女性形象没有落入传统的俗套中,作者以一种突破以往的模式对作品中的女性进行刻画与描写。
在书中她们往往以一种个性鲜明、具有现代思想的女性形象出现，《德伯家的苔丝》里刻画了一位对自己的人生有着自己独立的思想见解的出身于农村的善良美丽的姑娘——苔丝,其对社会的种种现象也有深入的思考。
在这部文学作品中，女主角苔丝是美和爱的象征，是被理想化了的女性形象，她具有善良、美丽、纯洁、质朴等很多优秀的品质。
她心灵纯洁，面对亚雷的威逼利诱，苔丝并没有委曲求全。
而面对自己心爱的人，苔丝为了保持自己心灵的纯洁，在经历了一番痛苦的内心挣扎之后，苔丝向心爱的人坦白了自己的过去，虽然她明白一旦坦白了自己的过去将很可能断送自己后半生的幸福。
她不利用婚姻来满足自己的虚荣心，却用自尊来追求着平等和爱情的自由。
她为了使家庭摆脱窘迫的困境，因此去亚雷家做工，但是当她发觉自己被亚雷欺骗后便毅然决然地选择了离开。
浅析《奥赛罗》中的苔丝狄蒙娜人物形象
学术研讨Academic research■ 马小娇浅析《奥赛罗》中的苔丝狄蒙娜人物形象摘要：《奥赛罗》是莎士比亚的四大悲剧之一，它不仅是爱情的悲剧，也是女性命运的悲剧。
本篇论文分析了《奥赛罗》中的苔丝狄蒙娜人物形象，即苔丝狄蒙娜背弃了亲情，选择了爱情，通过苔丝狄蒙娜的经历及悲惨的结局，看出那个时代女性命运的悲剧及生活在男权社会下的悲剧，同时，也表现出作者对人文主义的呼唤。
关键词：女性形象；悲剧；男权英国的文艺复兴运动是在资本主义生产关系萌芽、资产阶级开始反封建斗争的条件下形成的。
在文艺复兴时期，诗歌、小说、戏剧都达到繁荣。
威廉・莎士比亚正是生活在英国思想大变革时期，即文艺复兴和宗教改革时期，他的思想深深受到时代的影响，创作了许多经典的作品，这些作品广泛、深刻地反映了当时英国社会的种种矛盾和斗争，具有强烈的时代特征，达到欧洲人文主义文学的高峰。
莎士比亚是伟大的诗人和剧作家，也是欧洲文艺复兴时期最杰出的代表。
从1590年到1612年，莎士比亚经历了23年的创作生涯，他一共创作了37本剧本，两部长篇叙事诗，一部包括15首诗的“十四行诗”诗集。
因为他深受时代的影响，作为一个接受新思想的人文主义者，他提倡个性解放等人文主义思想，他主张的人文主义思想也都反映在其作品中。
与他同时代的本・琼森，称他为“时代的灵魂”，马克思和恩格斯对莎士比亚的评价很高，他们把莎士比亚看成人类艺术发展史上不可超越的高峰之一。
《奥赛罗》是莎士比亚的四大悲剧之一，是莎士比亚大约于1604年所写的。
《奥赛罗》是一部富于时代气息的爱情悲剧，悲剧主人公奥赛罗作为一个军人和主帅，他英勇豪迈，以国家利益为重，出生入死，战功显赫；他为人光明磊落，慷慨大度，在婚姻上，他敢于冲破封建等级制度和不顾种族歧视，勇敢地和自己相爱的人苔丝狄蒙娜在一起。
但是，他却未能识破阴险狡诈的伊阿古的嘴脸，轻信了他的谗言，以致扼死了无辜的苔丝狄蒙娜。
造成这一悲剧的罪魁祸首是伊阿古，伊阿古也残忍地将自己的妻子杀死，酿成这出悲剧。
浅析小说《德伯家的苔丝》中“苔丝”的人物形象
浅析小说《德伯家的苔丝》中“苔丝”的人物形象作者：罗静怡来源：《青年文学家》2017年第30期摘要：托马斯·哈代的“性格与环境”小说《德伯家的苔丝》中，不论是从命运、性格还是从社会环境出发，苔丝都无疑是悲剧的典型。
作品中，哈代对女主人公的人物形象做了深刻的描写，将她的悲惨与矛盾表现得淋漓尽致。
她的出身就注定了她的悲惨命运，任由她怎么反抗都将无济于事。
本文将从人物的性格、身份地位以及价值观来分析苔丝的人物形象。
此外，哈代对苔丝冠以“纯洁的女人”的美誉也仅仅是维多利亚时代男性权利的附庸。
关键词：创作背景；人物性格；身份地位；价值观作者简介：罗静怡（1995-），女，重庆师范大学涉外商贸学院汉语言文学（师范）专业。
[中图分类号]：I106 [文献标识码]：A[文章编号]：1002-2139（2017）-30-0-02英国工业革命后，资本主义大规模的经营方式逐步浸入农村，大机器的广泛应用使个体小生产者逐步走向破产，雇农遭到了残酷的剥削和压迫，他们干着繁重的劳动，过着非人的生活，但为了谋生他们只能妥协。
苔丝和她的伙伴们正是当时英国成千上万个个体小生产者走向贫穷、破产的真实写照。
正是这些残酷的压迫、社会的不公和对生活的绝望，使苔丝成为了罪犯，最终悲剧收尾。
作者对这不幸的女孩表示了深深的同情。
而作者的同情正是来自于作者生活的环境。
哈代的家乡在英国南部多塞特郡，他的大部分时间都是在家乡度过的，《德伯家的苔丝》就是在多赛特郡创作出来的。
这里的地理环境、人文环境，都对其创作产生了潜移默化的影响。
由于对农村生活，风俗习惯和生产斗争等了解，经过对世事变化的洞察，哈代捕捉到了毁灭农民的罪恶，却没有捕捉到社会的方向，仅仅局限在眼前的悲观情绪之中，苔丝的悲剧也就孕育而生。
主人公苔丝本来是一个普通的农家少女，心性善良，她向往人生的真善美，却常常受到假恶丑的攻击。
她悲剧的开始就是受到了父母的教唆，去了亚雷德伯家，因年幼无知被亚雷德伯奸污并怀孕。
苔丝的人物形象分析
苔丝悲剧形象分析出身的悲剧在小说的一开始，作者借崇干牧师之口说出女主人公苔丝系英国中古时期赫赫有名的武士世家德伯氏的嫡系后裔。
但是她的家族，早在故事展开的六七十年以前就家破人亡了。
而且正像作家在书中所发的感慨那样“诺曼的血统，没有维多利亚王朝的财富作辅助，又算得了什么！”⑴显贵的出身并没有给苔丝带来任何好处，她的悲剧却由此开始了。
苔丝的父亲是一个贫苦的乡下小贩，生性懒惰、一味酗酒且愚昧无知，苔丝的母亲过去是一个挤奶女工，她邋遢迷信、头脑简单。
图慕虚荣的他们都是听凭时代风雨恣意摧残的小人物、可怜虫。
正是这样一对糟糕的父母成为苔丝悲剧的始作俑者。
为了显摆自己所谓的“贵族”身份，为了满足卑微的虚荣心，苔丝的父母妄想通过“认亲”、“联姻”的方式来提升自己的地位。
尽管苔丝厌恶父母的虚伪，鄙视高贵的出身，坚持认为自己是农家的女而，是靠自己的劳动而生活的，但是她是家中的老大，父母的无能使沉重的家庭负担过早的落在她的身上。
她深情的爱恋着她的弟妹们，不忍心看他们受苦。
当家中的那匹赖以生存的老马不幸死去时，苔丝遵从母命极不情愿的去投奔有钱的冒牌本家。
结果横遭蹂躏。
成了兽欲的牺牲品和礼教的罪人。
后来，她又为了家庭背井离乡，到处瓢泊，历尽沧桑，在山穷水尽之时。
还是为了家庭，重回到亚雷身边。
以自己的肉体换取家人的温饱。
上帝赐给苔丝一个贵妇人的灵魂，让她纤尘不染，超凡脱俗，而现实却给了她一个落魄的出身。
让她无力摆脱尘世间的种种纷扰。
这种灵与肉的极度不和谐。
导致了苔丝的悲剧的命运。
性格的悲剧每个悲剧的主人公都会有自然性格和社会性格。
那么什么是自然性格和社会性格呢？自然性格是指人类作为自然的一种内在品质、人性品质的集合：社会性格则是指人的内在品性在繁复的社会关系中的延伸、发展、变化，甚至于扭曲的综合体。
苔丝的自然性格集中反映了人性的勤劳和勇敢。
她从一个一无所知的乡村姑娘到最后一个敢于践踏人间正义的“杀人犯”，无不折射着人性勇敢向善的品质。
苔丝的人物形象分析（2）
苔丝的人物形象分析（2）苔丝的人物形象分析先知的智慧而他爱她，在她看来，则是一种怜悯，因此她就倾心相委，披肝沥胆。
”（276页）这是多么浓烈、炽热却又卑躬屈膝的爱！在爱情面前，苔丝失去了自我，失去了尊严。
正是这种盲目的、不平等的爱，使苔丝放弃了一个妻子应有的争取的权利，深化了苔丝的悲剧。
在结婚之前，苔丝先给克莱写了一封忏悔信，然后又亲口道述她的“罪”。
而克莱依旧是传统道德的卫道者。
他的“新思想”理所当然的要求苔丝对他过去的放荡行为给予谅解和宽容。
苔丝也的确那样做了。
但她悲惨的过去，却得不到克莱回报式的宽容。
面对克莱无情的抛弃，苔丝没有做丝毫反抗。
相反的，她却说：“我一定像你一个卑微可怜的奴隶一样，绝对的服从你，就是你叫我倒地不起，舍身送命，我也绝不违背你。
”（352页）克莱狠心离去了，苔丝对他的爱却从未削减。
一封封热情洋溢的信，却唤不回克莱冰冷的心。
灾难重重，使她不得不在社会角色和本性中做出选择。
她开始了对克莱的反抗：“唉！安玑呀，你待我怎么这么狠心呢！我不应该受到这样的待遇。
我已经把这件事前前后后仔细琢磨了一番，我永远--永远也不能饶恕你！你分明知道我无心害你，但是你为什么老是这样害我呢？你太狠心了，真太狠心了！我只有慢慢把你忘了好啦。
我在你手里，一丁点公道也没得到。
”（495页）怀着对克莱的绝望，她投向了自称撒旦的亚雷的怀抱。
然而她对亚雷的屈服比失去贞洁更屈辱。
经历了一系列的打击，克莱的观念转变了。
但正是他所谓的醒悟，给苔丝带来了真正的悲剧。
冲动的自然性格，摆脱了维多利亚时代的伦理观念、法律羁绊，略带胆怯却勇于反抗的苔丝践踏了“人间的正义”《德伯家的苔丝》是英国著名小说家和诗人托马斯.哈代创作的代表作之一，一百多年过去了，女主人公苔丝也早已树立在世界文学画廊之中，这不仅仅因为人们对传统美德有所超越，更因为作品主人公所拥有的人性与灵魂深处的巨大魄力使之成为最动人的女性形象之一。
哈代以小说女主人公苔丝的悲惨命运替西方悲剧作了一个形象的阐释：苔丝本是一位纯洁美丽又非常勤劳的农村姑娘，她向往人生的真和善，但又时时遭到伪和恶的打击。
苔丝的人物形象分析论文
高等教育自学考试本科毕业论文（设计）题目：浅析苔丝人物形象分析专业：英语教育学生姓名：***准考证号： 216714100021指导教师：***二零一五年四月十日目录摘要 (1)引言 (1)一、苔丝的纯洁与资产阶级的虚伪 (2)二、苔丝的善良与宗教的伪善和法律的不公 (3)三、苔丝的悲剧和自我道德意识 (4)四、结论 (5)参考文献 (6)苔丝的人物形象分析———其悲剧的必然性摘要英国著名作家托玛斯.哈代最伟大的小说《德伯家的苔丝》描写的是贫穷的农家女子苔丝的悲剧性命运。
造成小说主人公苔丝悲剧的原因历来为人们所关注。
本文将从社会的角度解读苔丝的悲剧。
本文认为苔丝的悲剧是在宗法制社会的毁灭与资本主义社会的胜利这一历史演变过程中形成的。
苔丝的悲剧是一个纯洁、善良的女子被资产阶级腐朽的伦理道德、伪善的宗教以及不公正的法律制度所毁灭的悲剧；而苔丝自身的资产阶级道德与宗教道德意识也在一定程度上造成了自己的悲剧。
此外，苔丝的悲剧还有其它方面的因素。
就苔丝本人而言，其源自农家女孩纯洁天性的种种选择往往成为与资本主义社会相违背的超越行为，这种对社会现实的超越导致了苔丝的悲剧。
关键词苔丝形象分析悲剧Abstract：Tess of the D'urbervilles, the greatest novel of British famous writer Thomas Hardy, describes the misfortune of a poor peasant girl Tess, the cause of which has always been the concern of people. This passage will inquire into the cause of her tragedy from a social point of view. In this passage, we can know the tragedy of Tess takes shape from a social developing procession, in which the traditional society exterminated and the bourgeois society had a victory. Tess's death is a typical representative of the misfortune of the peasants because of the bourgeo is invading. Her miserable life reflects all kinds of sufferings of the impoverished peasants who have to turn workers. Besides, Her tragedy still lies in some other factors. Considering Tess herself, as a pure girl of the peasant nature, her choices go beyond bougeois society, which naturally leads to her tragedy.Key words:Tess；image Analysis；tragedy引言《德伯家的苔丝》是19世纪末20世纪初英国著名小说家兼诗人托玛斯· 哈代的一部重要作品。
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高等教育自学考试本科毕业论文（设计）题目：浅析苔丝人物形象分析专业：英语教育学生姓名：***准考证号： 216714100021指导教师：***二零一五年四月十日目录摘要 (1)引言 (1)一、苔丝的纯洁与资产阶级的虚伪 (2)二、苔丝的善良与宗教的伪善和法律的不公 (3)三、苔丝的悲剧和自我道德意识 (4)四、结论 (5)参考文献 (6)苔丝的人物形象分析———其悲剧的必然性摘要英国著名作家托玛斯.哈代最伟大的小说《德伯家的苔丝》描写的是贫穷的农家女子苔丝的悲剧性命运。
造成小说主人公苔丝悲剧的原因历来为人们所关注。
本文将从社会的角度解读苔丝的悲剧。
本文认为苔丝的悲剧是在宗法制社会的毁灭与资本主义社会的胜利这一历史演变过程中形成的。
苔丝的悲剧是一个纯洁、善良的女子被资产阶级腐朽的伦理道德、伪善的宗教以及不公正的法律制度所毁灭的悲剧；而苔丝自身的资产阶级道德与宗教道德意识也在一定程度上造成了自己的悲剧。
此外，苔丝的悲剧还有其它方面的因素。
就苔丝本人而言，其源自农家女孩纯洁天性的种种选择往往成为与资本主义社会相违背的超越行为，这种对社会现实的超越导致了苔丝的悲剧。
关键词苔丝形象分析悲剧Abstract：Tess of the D'urbervilles, the greatest novel of British famous writer Thomas Hardy, describes the misfortune of a poor peasant girl Tess, the cause of which has always been the concern of people. This passage will inquire into the cause of her tragedy from a social point of view. In this passage, we can know the tragedy of Tess takes shape from a social developing procession, in which the traditional society exterminated and the bourgeois society had a victory. Tess's death is a typical representative of the misfortune of the peasants because of the bourgeo is invading. Her miserable life reflects all kinds of sufferings of the impoverished peasants who have to turn workers. Besides, Her tragedy still lies in some other factors. Considering Tess herself, as a pure girl of the peasant nature, her choices go beyond bougeois society, which naturally leads to her tragedy.Key words:Tess；image Analysis；tragedy引言《德伯家的苔丝》是19世纪末20世纪初英国著名小说家兼诗人托玛斯· 哈代的一部重要作品。
卡尔·韦伯评论说:“没有人会为这种评价争论，即它是他最伟大的小说。
”小说的女主人公苔丝是哈代无与伦比的女性画廊里最令人难忘的一个形象。
这个身上流着诺曼底贵族血液的农民的女儿，她丽质天生，她有着天然的清新气息，也就是哈代先生笔下其他农民所共有的泥土气，同时她又有着他们所没有的天然的力量和高贵品质。
她的故事纯粹是悲剧—依我们看来，是伊丽莎白女皇时代以来所创作的最大的悲剧。
一、苔丝的纯洁与资产阶级道德的虚伪聂珍钊先生在其著作中明确指出了苔丝悲剧中的道德因素:“在小说创作中，哈代十分巧妙地描写了道德因素导致的伟大悲剧，《德伯家的苔丝》就其最直接的主题而言，是一个纯洁的女人被资产阶级伦理道德所毁灭的悲剧。
如哈代所说，苔丝是“一个纯洁的女人”。
苔丝的道德品质无疑是纯洁的，威塞克斯人的善良、纯朴、忠实、容忍和自我牺牲等传统美德在她身上得到了充分体现。
但具有美好品德的苔丝不幸生长在维多利亚王朝。
这是英国资本主义表面上繁荣昌盛的时期，是统治者引以自豪的英国史上又一个“黄金时代”；崇尚繁文缉礼，提倡虚伪道德，正是当时的社会风习。
资产阶级所标榜的伦理道德实质上是资产阶级利益在意识形态领域的反映，它的核心是利己主义原则。
资产阶级的利己主义者自私、冷酷、固执、虚伪、狡诈、淫邪、唯利是图、损人利己，他们破坏了威塞克斯社会天然的道德秩序，导致了具有传统美德的威塞克斯人的悲剧。
纯洁的农家女子苔丝正是在邪恶的资产阶级男子亚雷的诱骗与强暴下失去了贞洁，却被资产阶级伦理道德视作伤风败俗的典型。
而这种同苔丝的完美道德完全对立的以利己主义为基础的资产阶级伦理道德却具有神圣的性质，被人们看作是永远正当的东西，是“不成文法律”。
它虽然“毫无自然基础”，却成为了一种根深蒂固的社会习俗。
苔丝被整个社会视作道德败坏的典型，她“在世人眼里，是一个罪人，一个堕落的女人，一个受人供养的情妇，最终又是一个杀人犯”。
正是这种不公正的社会评价最终造成了苔丝的悲剧。
从苔丝的悲惨遭遇中，我们可以清楚地看到，苔丝正是资产阶级道德偏见的牺牲品。
资产阶级伦理道德对苔丝的残酷迫害通过苔丝的失身得到鲜明体现。
资产阶级男子亚雷·德伯在苔丝家庭陷入经济困境的时候，以本家的虚假身份乘虚而入，并利用苔丝的纯洁与不谙世事奸污了她。
亚雷凭着自己资产阶级的地位轻而易举地占有了苔丝，并且在道德上丝毫没有觉得有什么不妥。
他认为苔丝的忧郁愁闷“简直是毫无道理”并劝苔丝：“你要是真通达世情的话，你一定不要等到年老色衰，就趁早儿大大地出出风头。
”资产阶级男子随意玩弄妇女的丑恶嘴脸咋亚雷身上显露无遗，而亚雷不仅是没有自责并且没有受到世人的指责。
在资产阶级道德观念看来，如果发生了不正当的行为，那么罪责全归于女性苔丝被亚雷诱奸，无辜地失去了贞洁，却因此成为了维护妇女贞操观念的世人眼中的罪人。
资产阶级的伦理道德观念使苔丝失去了美好的爱情，使她的心灵遭受到了巨大的创伤并且进一步把苔丝推向悲剧的深渊。
被安玑遗弃后的苔丝已经不仅仅是一个失过身的女人，而且还是一个被丈夫遗弃过的女人。
维多利亚时代的人们不仅有着强烈的贞操观念，而且有着非常传统的婚姻观念。
被诱奸后的苔丝更是加倍的承受着伦理道德的压力。
“不洁”的罪名贯穿了苔丝悲剧的始终，是维护资产阶级伦理道德观念的社会对她的终极评价。
可以说，正是资产阶级虚伪、腐朽的伦理道德毁灭了纯洁、高尚的农家女子苔丝。
苔丝的悲剧是一个道德因素导致的悲剧。
二、苔丝的善良与宗教的伪善和法律的不公苔丝具有威塞克斯人的善良的传统美德，但伪善的宗教和不公正的法律制度毁灭了这个善良的农家女子。
除了资产阶级伦理道德以外，宗教是毁灭苔丝的又一种精神势力。
在西方的道德发展史上，宗教的影响是相当深远而广泛的，人们往往把宗教等同于道德。
宗教把人类社会的道德归之于神，宣扬神“按照自己的模式和类似物”创造了人类并给人们制定了道德戒律。
宗教用严格的道德训条束缚着人们的思想和行为，对人们进行着精神上的统治。
宗教道德对人们起着潜移默化的作用，它渗透在人们思想行为的各个方面，基督教教义成为了判断人们道德行为的标准。
这种宗教道德的实质是反动的，是为统治阶级服务的。
在资本主义社会里资产阶级为了维护本阶级的利益，往往把宗教道德和自身的伦理道德融为一体，资产阶级的伦理道德实际上市一种“过去宗教时代的基督教的封建主义道德”资产阶级正式利用宗教对人民实行思想上的统治资产阶级假借上帝的口号欺骗和愚弄劳动人民，宗教成为了麻痹人民的精神鸦片，成为了一种压迫人民的统治工具。
宗教建立在禁欲主义和男权主义的基础之上，认为女人是罪孽和一切灾祸的源泉，这就为资产阶级凌辱和站污妇女提供了理论上的依据。
苔丝正是在宗教道德的判断下成为道德败坏的典型，成为淫邪罪恶的化身。
苔丝的毁灭是和宗教联系在一起的。
在资本主义社会里，道德、宗教是和法律紧密联系在一起的。
资产阶级通过法律来维护本阶级的道德原则，惩罚违犯了资产阶级伦理道德和宗教道德的人。
苔丝正是被维护本阶级道德的资产阶级法律判处了死刑，是不公正的法律制度的牺牲品。
苔丝本来是一个清白无辜的受害者，但资产阶级的法律没有保护她，没有为她主持公道；而当她被迫起来反抗时，法律却迅速发挥了作用，“全国都发动起来”，在短短的几天之内就将她逮捕并判处了死刑。
与此相反的是，亚雷是一个作恶多端的害人者，他侮辱了苔丝，造成了苔丝一生的不幸，但法律并没有惩罚他；而当他被苔丝杀死以后，法律便立刻为他惩罚了杀人者，维护了所谓的“正义”。
其实，资产阶级的法律毫无正义可言，它“是以维护剥削阶级的利益和承认压迫人民的权力为前提的，是为巩固其反动统治服务的”。
亚雷之所以敢于胡作非为，肆无忌惮地欺凌苔丝正是由于有资产阶级的政治制度作为后盾。
苔丝作为农民阶级中的小人物在为资产阶级服务的法律面前是不可能得到公正的。
苔丝正是在资产阶级法律的不平等审判下被彻底毁灭了。
三、苔丝的悲剧与自我道德意识苔丝的悲剧是为资产阶级服务的腐朽的伦理道德，伪善的宗教以及不公正的法律制度共同作用下的悲剧。
但同时我们必须指出:苔丝的悲剧也与其自身的道德意识有关。
苔丝不仅用资产阶级的道德罗网将自我束缚起来，而且由于自身复杂的宗教道德意识而招致毁灭的厄运。
可以说，苔丝自身也是资产阶级伦理道德的俘虏。
从文中可以看到，苔丝失身后的心理痛苦是巨大的。
她在离开纯瑞脊的路上便开始厌恶自己、怨恨自己，后悔自己的出生:“我不该下生来着，不管是在那儿，还是在任何别的地方。
”回到家中以后，苔丝的“抑郁就达到了可怕的程度，恨不得眼前有一座坟、她好钻到里面去。
”她不仅害怕人们的议论，甚至自然界的风雨也让她难过。
苔丝正式根据当时社会的传统习俗对自己的道德作出了错误的评价，从而扭曲了自己的正常心态。
苔丝的痛苦在一定程度上来自我，苔丝为自己织起了一张道德罗网。
“作为一定历史时期的个人，她不仅在整个历史的进程中形成了特定历史时期的社会意识和道德观念，而且其思想和行动也始终受到历史和社会意识的制约。
因此，苔丝遭受痛苦的心理原因，归根结蒂仍然是当时的社会和时代，她的痛苦是遭到毁灭的农民阶级集体意识的典型表现。
苔丝对自我的道德谴责并未随着时间的流逝而消失。