铁路工程英语常用词汇
铁路专业英文词汇
铁路专业词汇一、铁路；铁道railway railroad铁路线 railway line； railroad line铁路网 railway network； railroad network 铁道科学 railway science铁路技术 railway technology铁路等级 railway classification国有铁路 national railway； state railway 地方铁路 local railway； regional railway 私有铁路 private railway合资铁路 joint investment railway； jointly owned railway标准轨铁路 standard-gage railway窄轨铁路 narrow-gage railway米轨铁路 meter-gage railway宽轨铁路 broad-gage railway单线铁路 single track railway双线铁路 double track railway多线铁路 multiple track railway重载铁路 heavy haul railway高速铁路 high speed railway电气化铁路；电力铁路 electrified railway；electric railway干线铁路 main line railway； trunk railway 市郊铁路 suburban railway地下铁道；地铁 subway； metro； underground railway工业企业铁路 industry railway矿山铁路 mine railway轻轨铁路 light railway； light rail高架铁路 elevated railway单轨铁路；独轨铁路monorail；monorail railway磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway；maglev森林铁路 forest railway山区铁路 mountain railway既有铁路 existing railway新建铁路 newly-built railway改建铁路 reconstructed railway运营铁路 railway in operation； operation；operating railway专用铁路 special purpose railway干线 trunk line； main line支线 branch line铁路专用线 railway special line货运专线 railway line for freight traffic；freight special line； freight traffic only line客运专线 railway line for passenger traffic；passenger special line； passenger traffic only line客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic铁路运营长度；运营里程 operation length of railway； operating distance； revenue length 列车运行图 train diagram铁路建筑长度 construction length of railway 区间 section区段 district轨距 rail gage； rail gauge轮重 wheel load轴重 axle load最大轴重 maximum allowable axle load限制轴重 axle load limited限界 clearance； gauge限界图 clearance diagram铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance； structure clearance for railway；railway struction gauge基本建筑限界fundamental construction clearance； fundamental structure gauge桥梁建筑限界 bridge construction clearance；bridge structure gauge隧道建筑界限 tunnel construction clearance；tunnel structure gauge铁路机车车辆限界 rolling stock clearance for railway； vehicle gauge机车车辆上部限界 clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock机车车辆下部限界 clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock装载限界 loading clearance limit； loading gauge阔大货物限界clearance limit for freight with exceptional dimension； clearance limit for oversize commodities接触网限界clearance limit for overhead contract wire； clearance limit for overhead catenary system； overhead catenary system gauge列车与线路相互作用 track-train interaction 轮轨关系 wheel-rail relation； wheel-rail interaction粘着系数 adhesion coefficient车轮滑行 wheel sliding； wheel skid车轮空转 wheel slipping牵引种类kinds of traction；category of traction牵引方式 mode of traction牵引定数 tonnage rating； tonnage of traction 装载系数 loading coefficient速度 speed持续速度 continuous speed 限制速度 limited speed； speed restriction 均衡速度 balancing speed构造速度 construction speed； design speed 最高速度 maximum speed临界速度 critical speed重载列车 heavy haul train高速列车 high speed train超长超重列车 exceptionally long and heavy train列车正面冲突 train collision列车尾追 train tail collision列车尾部防护 train rear end protection伸缩运动 fore and aft motion蛇行运动 hunting； nosing列车压缩 train running in列车拉伸 train running out列车分离 train separation列车颠覆 train overturning列车动力学 train dynamics列车空气动力学 train aerodynamics机车车辆振动 vibration of rolling stock纵向振动 longitudinal vibration横向振动 lateral vibration垂向振动 vertical vibration摆滚振动 rock-roll vibration浮沉振动 bouncing； vibration测滚振动 rolling ； vibration测摆振动 swaying； vibration点头振动 pitching； nodding摇头振动 yawing； hunting机车车辆共振 resonance of rolling stock机车车辆冲击 impact of rolling纵向冲击 longitudinal impact横向冲击 lateral impact垂向冲击 vertical impact货运站综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations at freight station行车指挥自动化 automation of traffic control 编组场综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations in marshalling yard铁路运营信息系统railway operation information system铁路数据交换系统railway data exchange system运营系统模拟 simulation of operation system 铁路法 railway law铁道法规 railway act铁路条例 railway code铁路技术管理规程regulations of railway technical operation综合运输comprehensive transport；multi-mode transport； intermode transport 国际铁路联运 international railway through traffic大陆桥；洲际铁路 transcontinental railway；intercontinental railway； land-railway国际联运协定agreement of international through traffic国际联运议定书protocol of international through traffic国际铁路联运公约convention of international railway through traffic二、铁路新线建设newly-built railway construction铁路技术改造 technical reform of railway；technical renovation of railway； betterment and improvement of railway铁路主要技术条件 main technical standard of railway；main techincal requirement of railway 单位工程 unit project分部工程 part project分项工程 item project预可行性研究 pre-feasibility study项目建议书 proposed task of project可行性研究 feasibility study设计阶段 design phase； design stage三阶段设计 three-step design； three-phase design两阶段设计two-step design；two-phase design一阶段设计one-step design；one-phase design初步设计 preliminary design技术设计 technical design扩大初步设计 enlarged preliminary design；expanded preliminary design施工图设计construction detail design；working-drawing design变更设计 altered design设计概算 apporximate estimate of design；budgetary estimate of design个别概算 individual approximate estimate综合概算 comprehensive approximate estimate 总概算 sum of approximate estimate； total estimate； summary estimate修正总概算amended sum of approximate estimate； revised general estimate调整总概算adjusted sum of approximate estimate投资检算 checking of investment预算定额 rating of budget； rating form for budget概算定额 rating of approximate estimate；rating form for estimate投资估算 investment estimate估算指标 index of estimate机械台班定额 rating per machine per team；rating per machine-team工程直接费 direct expense of project； direct cost of project工程间接费indirect expense of project；indirect cost of project工程预备费 reserve fund of project设计鉴定 certification of design； appraisal of design竣工决算 final accounts of completed project 铁路用地 right-of-way铁路勘测 railway reconnaissance调查测绘survey and drawing of investigation；investigation survey；investigation surveying and sketching地形调查 topographic survey地貌调查topographic feature survey；geomorphologic survey地质调查 geologic survey经济调查 economic investigation； economic survey水文地质调查 hydrogeologic survey土石成分调查survey of soil and rock composition土石物理力学性质physical and mechanical properties of soil and rock土石分类 classification of soil and rock地基承载力 bearing capacity of foundation；bearing capacity of ground；bearing of subgrade隧道围岩分级classification of tunnel surrounding rock地质图测绘 survey and drawing of geological map； surveying and sketching of geological map勘探 exploration； prospecting挖探 excavation prospecting钻探 boring； exploration drilling物探 geophysical prospecting室内测试 indoor test； laboratory test原位测试 in situ test静力触探 static sounding； static probing；cone penetration test动力触探试验 dynamic penetration test标准贯入试验 standard penetration test区域地质 regional geology工程地质 engineering geology不良地质 unfavorable geology特殊地质 special geology工程地质条件engineering geologic；requirement； engineering geologic condition 气象资料 meteorological data冻结深度 freezing depth地震基本烈度 basic intensity of earthquake；seismic basic intensity工程地质图 engineering geological map地层柱状图column diagram of stratum；graphic logs of strata； drill log of stratum 洪水调查 flood survey河道调查 river course survey冰凌调查 ice floe survey； frazil ice survey 汇水区流域特征调查 survey of catchment basin characteristics水文断面hydrologic sectional drawing；dydrologic section；hydrologic cross-section主河槽 main river channel设计流速 design current velocity设计高程；设计标高 design elevation河流比降 slope of river； comparable horizon of river历史洪水位 historic flood level最高水位 highest water level； HWL通航水位 navigation water level； NWL桥涵水文 hydrology of bridge and culvert水利半径 hydraulic radius桥前壅水高度 backwater height in front of bridge； top water level in front of bridge 桥渡勘测设计survey and design of bridge crossing水面坡度 slope of water surface水文测量 hydrological survey泥石流流域 catchment basin of debris flow 分水岭 watershed； dividing ridge汇水面积 catchment area； water collecting area； drainage area洪水频率 flood frequency设计流量 design discharge设计水位 design water level施工水位 construction level； construction water level； working water level设计洪水过程线 designed flood hydrograph容许冲刷 allowable scour一般冲刷 general scour局部冲刷 local scour； partial scour三、铁路测量 railway survey线路踏勘；草测 route reconnaissance初测 preliminary survey定测location survey；alignment；final location survey导线测量 traversing； traverse survey光电导线 photoelectric traverse地形测量 topographical survey 横断面测量 cross leveling； cross-section survey； cross-section leveling线路测量route survey；profile survey；longitudinal survey既有线测量；旧线测量survey of existing railway线路复测repetition survey of existing railway； resurvey of existing railway测量精度survey precision；precision of survey均方差；中误差 mean square error最大误差；极限误差 maximum error； limiting error中线测量 center line survey中线桩 center line stake加桩additional stake； plus stake外移桩shift out stake；stake outward；offset stake水准点高程测量 bench mark leveling中桩高程测量；中平 center stake leveling曲线控制点 curve control point放线 setting-out of route； lay out of route 交点 intersection point副交点 auxiliary intersection point转向角 deflection angle分转向角 auxiliary deflection angle坐标方位角 plane-coordinate azimuth象限角 quadrantal angle经纬距 plane rectangular coordinate断链 broken chain投影断链 projection of broken chain断高 broken height铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测 railway aerial photogrammetry铁路航空勘测 railway aerial surveying航带设计flight strip design；design of flight strip铁路工程地质遥感 remote sensing of railway engineering geology测段 segment of survey航测选线 aerial surveying alignment航测外控点field control point of aerophotogrammetry全球定位系统 global positioning system； GPS 像片索引图 index of photography三角测量trigonometric survey；triangulation精密导线测量precise traverse survey；accurate traverse survey三角高程测量 trigonometric leveling隧道洞外控制测量outside tunnel control survey隧道洞内控制测量 in tunnel control survey；through survey隧道洞口投点horizontal point of tunnel portal；geodetic control point of portal location of adit桥轴线测量 survey of bridge axis铁路选线railway location；approximate railway location； location of railway route selection平原地区选线 location in plain region； plain location越岭选线 location of mountain line； location of line in mountain region； location over mountain山区河谷选线mountain and valley region location； location of line of in mountain and valley region丘陵地段选线 hilly land location； location of line on hilly land工程地质选线 engineering geoligic location of line线间距 distance between centers of tracks；midway between tracks车站分布 distribution of stations方案比选scheme comparison；route alternative投资回收期 repayment period of capital cost 纸上定线 paper location of line缓坡地段 section of easy grade； section of gentle slope紧坡地段 section of sufficient grade非紧坡地段 section of unsufficient grade；section fo insufficient grade导向线 leading line； alignment guiding line 拔起高度；克服高度height of lifting；lifting height； ascent of elevation横断面选线 cross-section method of railway location；location with cross-section method； cross-section method for location of line展线 extension of line； development of line；line development展线系数coefficient of extension line；coefficient of development line套线 overlapping line线路平面图 track plan； line plan线路纵断面图 track profile； line profile 站坪长度 length of station site站坪坡度 grade of station site控制区间control section；controlling section最小曲线半径 minimum radius of curve圆曲线 circular curve单曲线 simple curve缓和曲线 transition curve； easement curve；spiral transition curve缓和曲线半截变更率rate of easement curvature； rate of transition curve复曲线 compound curve同向曲线curves of same sense；adjacent curves in one direction反向曲线 reverse curve； curve of opposite sense夹直线 intermediate straight line； tangent between curves坡度 grade； gradient； slope人字坡 double spur grade限制坡度 ruling grade； limiting grade加力牵引坡度 pusher grade； assisting grade 最大坡度 maximum grade临界坡度 critical grade长大坡度 long steep grade； long heavy grade 动力坡度 momentum grade均衡坡度 balanced grade有害地段 harmful district无害地段 harmless district变坡点 point of gradient change； breake in grade坡段 grade section坡段长度 length of grade section坡度差 algebraic difference between adjacent gradients竖曲线 vertical curve分坡平段 level stretch between opposite sign gradient缓和坡度 slight grade； flat grade； easy grade起动缓坡 flat gradient for starting 加速缓坡 easy gradient for acceleration；accelerating grade坡度折减 compensation of gradient； gradient compensation； grade compensation曲线折减compensation of curve；curve compesation隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient in tunnel； compensation grade in tunnel绕行地段 detouring section； round section 换侧；换边 change side of double line容许应力设计法allowable stress design method破损阶段设计法 plastic stage design method 极限状态设计法 limit state design method 概率极限状态设计法；可靠度设计法probabilisatic limit state design method 地震系数法 seismic coefficient method四、路基subgrade；road bed；formation subgrade岩石路基 rock subgrade渗水土路基permeable soil subgrade；pervious embankment非渗水土路基 non-permeable soil subgrade；impervious embankment特殊土路基 subgrade of special soil软土地区路基 subgrade in soft soil zone；subgrade in soft； clay region泥沼地区路基 subgrade in bog zone； subgrade in morass region； subgrade in swampland 膨胀土地区路基；裂土地区路基 subgrade in swelling soil zone； subgrade in expansive soil region盐渍土地区路基 subgrade in salty soil zone；subgrade in saline soil region多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soilzone特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special condition河滩路堤 embankment on plain river beach滨河路堤 embankment on river bank水库路基 subgrade in reservoir； embankment crossing reservoir崩塌地段路基 subgrade in rock fall district；subgrade in collapse zone岩堆地段路基 subgrade in rock deposit zone；subgrade in talus zone； subgrade in scree zone滑坡地段路基 subgrade in slide岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基 subgrade in karst zone洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone；subgrade in cavern zone风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone； subgrade in desert雪害地段路基 subgrade in snow damage zone；subgrade in snow disaster zone泥石流地段路基 subgrade in debris flow zone 路基横断面 subgrade cross-section路基面 subgrade surface； formation路基面宽度 width of the subgrade surface；formation width路拱 road crown； subgrade crown路肩 Road shoulder； subgrade shoulder路肩高程 formation level； shoulder level 路堤 embankment； fill路堑 cut； road； cutting半堤半堑 part-cut and part-fill section； cut and fill section基床 subgrade bed； formation基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed；formation top layer；surface layer of subgrade基床表层 bottom layer of subgrade； formation base layer； bottom layer of subgrade bed一般路基general subgrade；ordinary subgrade最小填筑高度minimum fill height of subgrade； minimum height of fill临界高度 critical height基底 foundation base； base路堤边坡side slope of embankment；fill slope talus坡脚 toe of side slope护道 berm取土坑 borrow pit路堤填料embankment fill material；embankment filler；filling material of embankment填料分类 classification of filling material 岩块填料 rock block filler； rock filler；rock fill粗粒土填料coarse-grained soil filler；coarse-grained soil fill细粒土填料fine-grained soil filler；fine-grained soil fill压实标准 compacting criteria相对密度 relative density压实系数compacting factor；compacting coefficient最佳含水量 optimum moisture content； best moisture content最佳密度 optimum density； best density核子密度湿度测定 determination of nuclear density-moisture路基承载板测定 determination of bearing slabof subgrade预留沉落量 reserve settlement； settlement allowance反压护道 berm with superloading； berm for back pressure； counter swelling berm石灰砂桩 lime sand pile换土 change soil； soil replacement爆破排淤blasting discharging sedimentation； silt arresting by explosion；discharge of sedimentation by blasting抛石挤淤throwing stones to packing sedimentation；packing sedimentation by throwing stones； packing up sedimentation by dumping stones路堑石方爆破 rock cutting blasting； rock blasting in cut定向爆破 directional blasting浅孔爆破 shallow hole blasting深孔爆破 deep hole blasting洞室药包爆破chamber explosive package blasting； chamher blasting扬弃爆破 abandoned blasting； abandonment blasting抛掷爆破 pin-point blasting松动爆破 blasting for loosening rock药壶爆破 pot hole blasting裸露腰包爆破adobe blasting；contact blasting路堑边坡 cutting slope； side slope of cut 堑顶 top of cutting slope； top of cutting 路堑平台platform of cutting；berm in cutting弃土堆 waste bank； bankette； spoil bank 五、防护工程Protection works挡土墙 retaining wall 重力式挡土墙 gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙 balance weight retaining wall；gravity retaining wall with relieving platform； balanced type retaining wall锚定板挡土墙 anchored retaining wall by tie rods；anchored bulkhead retaining wall；anchored plate retaining wall加筋土挡土墙reinforced earth retaining wall； reinforced soil retaining wall锚杆挡墙anchored bolt retaining wall；anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods管柱挡墙 cylindrical shaft retaining wall 沉井挡墙 caisson retaining wall抗滑桩anti-slide pile；counter-sliding pile护墙 guard wall护坡 slope protection； revetment； pitching 排水沟 weep drain； drainage ditch； drain ditch边沟；侧沟 side ditch天沟 gutter； overhead ditch； intercepting ditch吊沟 suspended ditch跌水 hydraulic drop截水沟 intercepting ditch； catch-drain急流槽 chute排水槽 drainage channel渗水暗沟 blind drain渗水隧洞 leak tunnel； permeable tunnel；drainage tunnel渗井 leaching well； seepage well渗管 leaky pipe平孔排水 horizontal hole drainage反滤层 reverse filtration layer； inverted filter； protective filter检查井 inspection well； manhole砂井；排水砂井 sand drain隔断层 insulating course； insulating layer 透水路堤pervious embankment；permeable embankment渗水路堤 immerseable embankment排水砂垫层sand filled drainage layer；drainage sand blanker坡面防护 slope protection护岸 revetment； shore protection导流堤 diversion dike拦石墙 stone cut off wall； stone falling wall； buttree落石槽 stone falling channel； trough for catching falling rocks柴排firewood raft；mattress；willow fascine固沙造林stabilization for sands by afforestation挡风墙 wind-break wall防风栅栏 wind break fence砂土液化 sand liquefaction六、桥梁 bridge中-活载CR-live loading；China railway standard loading桥梁标准活载 standard live load for bridge 桥梁荷载谱 bridge load spectrum换算均布活载 equivalent uniform live load 设计荷载 design load主力 principal load恒载 dead load土压力 earth load静水压力 hydrostatic pressure浮力 buoyancy列车活载 live load of train 列车离心力 centrifugal force of train列车冲击力；冲击荷载 impact force of train 冲击系数 ceofficient of impact人行道荷载 sidewalk loading附加力 subsidiary load； secondary load列车制动力 braking force of train列车牵引力 tractive force of train风荷载 wind load列车横向摇摆力lateral swaying force of train流水压力 pressure of water flow冰压力 ice pressure冻胀力 frost heaving force特殊荷载 particular load船只或排筏的撞击力 collision force of ship or raft地震力 seismic force地震烈度 earthquake intensity地震震级 earthquake magnitude施工荷载 constructional loading荷载组合 loading conbination铁路桥 railway bridge公铁两用桥combined bridge；combined highway and railway bridge；combined rail-cum-road bridge跨线桥；立交桥overpass bridge；grade separation bridge； flyover高架桥 viaduct旱桥 dry bridge人行桥 foot bridge； pedestrian bridge圬工桥 masonry bridge钢桥 steel bridge铆接钢桥 riveted steel bridge栓焊钢桥 bolted and welded steel bridge全焊钢桥 all welded steel bridge摩擦结合式高强度螺栓 high strength friction grip bolt扭剪式高强度螺栓 torshear type high strength blot螺栓示功扳手 bolt wrench with indicator混凝土桥 concrete bridge钢筋混凝土桥 reinforced concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥 prestressed concrete bridge 先张法预应力梁pretensioned prestressed concrete girder后张法预应力梁 post-tensioned prestressed concrete girder部分预应力混凝土桥partially prestressed concrete bridge结合梁桥 composite beam bridge低高度梁 shallow girder无碴无枕梁girder without ballast and sleeper型钢混凝土梁；劲性骨架混凝土梁 girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete；skeleton reinforced concrete girder简支梁桥 simply supported beam bridge连续梁桥 continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥 cantilever beam bridge板桥 slab bridge空心板桥 hollow slab bridge板梁 plate girder工形梁 I-beam箱形梁 box girder槽形梁 trough girder桁架 truss拆装式桁架 demountable truss刚架桥；刚构桥 rigid frame bridge斜腿刚架桥；斜腿刚构桥 strutted beam bridge；slant-legged rigid frame bridge 悬板桥；悬带桥 stressed ribbon bridge悬索桥；吊桥 suspension bridge斜拉桥 cable-stayed bridge浮桥pontoon bridge；floating bridge；bateau bridge拱桥 arch bridge固端拱；无铰拱 fixed-end arch双铰拱 two-hinged arch三铰拱 three-hinged arch实腹拱 spandrel-filled arch； solid-spandrel arch空腹拱 open-spandrel arch双曲拱 two-way curved arch； cross-curved arch系杆拱；柔性系杆刚性拱 tied arch榔格尔式桥；刚性系杆柔性拱桥 Langer bridge；flexible arch bridge with rigid tie洛泽式桥；直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥Lohse bridge； rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders尼尔森桥 Nielsen systen bridge尼尔森式骆泽梁桥；斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥Nielsen type Lhse bridge； rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders活动桥 movable bridge竖旋桥 bascule bridge平旋桥 swing bridge升降桥 lift bridge正交桥 right bridge斜交桥 skew bridge曲线桥 curved bridge曲梁 curved beam特大桥 super maior bridge大桥 major bridge中桥 medium bridge小桥 minor bridge单线桥 single track bridge双线桥 double track bridge多线桥 multi-track bridge正桥；主桥 main bridge引桥 approach spans上承式桥 deck bridge半穿式桥；中承式half through bridge；midheight deck bridge下承式桥 through bridge双层桥 double-deck bridge永久性桥 permanent bridge临时性桥；便桥 temporary bridge跨径；跨度 span净跨 clear span桥梁全长 overall length of bridge桥下净空 underneath clearance主梁中心距 center to center distance between main girder节间长度 panel length梁高 depth of girder拱度 camber挠度 deflection节间 panel锚跨；锚孔 anchor span悬跨；吊孔 suspended span桥梁上部结构 superstructure腹板 web plate翼缘 flange翼缘板 flange plate弦杆 chord member腹杆 web member斜杆 diagonal member竖杆 vertical member吊杆 suspender hanger 加劲杆 stiffener节点 panel point节点板 gusset plate拼接板 splice plate缀条 lacing bar缀板 stay plate； tie plate侧向水平联结系 lateral bracing横联 sway bracing制动撑架 braking bracing桥门架 portal frame纵梁 stringer横梁 floor beam； transverse beam桥面系 floor system端横梁 end floor beam起重横梁 jacking floor beam梁端缓冲梁 auxiliary girder for controlling angle change应变时效 strain ageing碳当量 carbon equivalent钢丝 steel wire钢丝束 bundled steel wires钢绞线 steel strand钢筋 reinforcement； steel bar箍筋 stirrup纵向钢筋 longitudinal reinforcement弯起钢筋 bent-up bar架立钢筋 erection bar构造钢筋 constructional reinforcement预应力筋 tendon套管 sheath梁腋 haunch拱圈 arch ring拱肋 arch rib拱顶 rach crown拱矢 rise of arch起拱点 springing拱腹 soffit拱腹线 intrados拱背钱 extrados桥塔 bridge tower； pylon索平面 cable plane缆索 cable斜缆 stay cable； inclined cable吊缆 suspension cable索鞍 cable saddle索夹 cable band； cable clamp锚座 socket锚碇 anchorage明桥面 open deck； ballastless deck； open floor桥梁道碴槽 ballast trough道碴桥面 ballasted deck； ballasted floor 桥梁护轨 guard rail of bridge桥梁护木 guard timber of bridge桥枕 bridge tie； bridge sleeper桥上人行道 sidewalk on bridge步行板 foot plank避车台 refuge platform伸缩缝 expansion joint正交异性板 orthotropic plate栏杆 railing； handrail； handrailing泻水孔 drainage opening直结轨道 track fastened directly to steel girders抗剪连接件；抗剪结合件 shear connector支座 bearing固定支座 fixed bearing活动支座 expension bearing； movable bearing 平板支座 plate bearing摇轴芝座 rocker bearing 滚轴支座 roller bearing球面支座 spherical bearing板式橡胶支座 laminated rubber bearing盆式橡胶支座 pot rubber bearing聚四氯乙烯支座poly-tetrafluoroedthylene bearing； PTFE bearing涡流激振 wortex-excited oscillation弛振 galloping颤振 flutter扰流板 spoiler风嘴 wind fairing桥梁自振周期natural vibration period of bridge浮运架桥法 bridge erection by floating架桥机架设法erection by bridge girder erecting equipment顶推式架设法erection by incremental launching拖拉架设法 launching method赝架式架设法 erection with scaffolding悬臂架设法 catilever erection； erection by protrusion悬臂灌注法cast-in-place cantilever construction；free cantilever segmental concreting with suspended formwork悬臂拼装法cantilevered assembling constrution； free cantilever erection with segments of precast concrete预制混凝土构件precast concrete units；precast concrete members活动模架逐跨施工法 segmental span-by-span construction using form traveller桥梁合龙 closure就地贯注法cast-in-place method；cast-in-situ method活动吊篮 travelling cradle顶进法 jack-in method旋转法施工；转体施工 erection by swing method 液压式张拉千斤顶 hydraulic tensioning jack 桥梁下部结构 substructure桥台 abutment重力式桥台 gravity abutment埋置式桥台 buried abutment锚定板式桥台 anchor slab abutmentU形桥台 U-shaped abutment耳墙式桥台abutment with cantilevered retaining wall台身 abutment body前墙 front wall台帽 abutment coping翼墙 wing wall锥体护坡 quadrant revetment； truncated cone banking台后填方 filling behind abutment桥墩 pier空心桥墩 hollow pier实体桥墩 solid pier重力式桥墩 gravity pier柔性桥墩 flexible pier拼装式桥墩 assembly pier； pier constructed with precast units制动墩 braking pier柱式桥墩 column pierV形桥墩 V-shaped pier圆端形桥墩 round-ended pier圆形桥墩 circular pier矩形桥墩 rectangular pier排架式桥墩 pile bent pier墩身 pier body； pier shaft墩帽 pier coping 围栏railing around coping of pier or abutment承台 bearing platform破冰体 ice apron； ice-breaking cutwater；ice guard地基 foundation； foundation soil； subgrade 加固地基improved foundation；improved ground天然地基 natural foundation； natural ground 桥梁基础 bridge foundation扩大基础 spread foundation明挖基础open-cut foundation；open excavation foundation沉井基础 open caisson foundation浮式沉井基础 floating caisson foundation沉井刃脚 cutting edge of open caisson围堰 cofferdam双壁钢围堰钻孔基础double wall steel cofferdam bored foundation预制钢壳钻孔基础 prefabricated steel shell bored foundation泥浆套沉井法slurry jacket method for sinking caisson空气幕沉井法 air curtain method for sinking caisson沉箱基础 pneumatic caisson foundation管柱基础 tubular column foundation桩基础 pile foundation预制桩 precast pile就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile；cast-in-situ concrete pile螺旋喷射桩 auger injected pile摩擦桩 friction pile支承桩 bearing pile钻孔桩 bored pile挖孔桩 dug pile钢桩 steel pile钢管桩 steel pipe pile钢板桩 steel sheet pile板桩 sheet pile木桩 timber pile钢筋混凝土桩 reinforced concrete pile砂桩 sand pile挤密砂桩 sand conpaction pile流砂 quick sand； drift sand送桩 pile follower试桩 test pile斜桩 batter pile； raking pile； spur pile 护筒 pile casting重锤夯实法 heavy tamping method灰土换填夯实法mothod of lime-soil replacement and tamping灌注水下混凝土underwater concreting；concreting with tremie method导流建筑物 regulating structure丁坝；挑水坝 spur dike顺坝 longitudinal dam河床铺砌 river bed paving码头 wharf排架 bent脚手架 scaffold悬空脚手架 hanging stage； hanging scaffold 七、铁路涵洞 railway culvert涵洞孔径 aperture of culvert管涵 pipe culvert箱涵 box culvert拱涵 arch culvert盖板涵 slab culvert无压力涵洞 inlet unsubmerged culvert压力式涵洞 outlet submerged culvert 半压力式涵洞 inlet submerged culvert明渠 open channel； open ditch； open drain 倒虹吸管 inverted siphon潮汐河流 tidal river淤积 silting； siltation流冰 ice drift铁路轮渡 railway car ferries轮渡站 ferry station轮渡栈桥 ferry trestle bridge渡轮 ferry boat轮渡引线；轮渡斜引道 ferry slip八、铁路隧道 railway tunnel山岭隧道 mountain tunnel越岭隧道 over mountain line tunnel水下隧道；水地隧道subaqueous tunnel；underwater tunnel地铁隧道 subway tunne； underground railway tunnel浅埋隧道shallow tunnel；shallow-depth tunnel； shallow burying tunnel深埋隧道 deep tunnel； deep-depth tunnel；deep burying tunnel单线隧道 single track tunnel双线隧道 double track tunnel多线隧道 multiple track tunnel车站隧道 station tunnel地铁车站 subway station； metro station特长隧道 super long tunnel长隧道 long tunnel中长隧道 medium tunnel短隧道 short tunnel隧道群 tunnel group地铁工程subway engineering；metro engineering洞口 tunne ladit； tunnel opening。
铁路术语专用英语
铁路专用英语专业词汇中英对照翻译---- 铁路工程词汇线路工程railway line engineering铁路勘测;铁道勘测railway reconnaissance铁路选线;铁道选线railway route selection;railway location;approximate railway location;location of railway route selection经济勘察economic investigation地质调查geological survey;geologic survey方案比较project comparison铁路勘探;铁道勘探railway exploration铁路测量;铁道测量railway survey线路测量route survey;pro survey曲线测量curve survey既有线测量survey of existing line;survey of existing railway铁路线路图;铁道线路图railway map定线location of line铁路设计;铁道设计railway design线路设计track design平面设计plane design纵断面设计longitudinal section design横断面设计transverse section design曲线设计curve design车站设计station design站场设计design of stations and yards标准设计standard design线路等级line grade铁路限界;铁道限界railway clearance建筑限界construction clearance设计规范code of design设计标准design standard铁路线路;铁道线路railway line铁路曲线;铁道曲线railway curve缓和曲线transition curve;easement curve;spiral transition curve小半径曲线small-radius curve曲线半径curve radius曲线超高superelevation on curve;cant;elevation of curve欠超高inadequate superelevation;deficient superelevation未被平衡加速度unbalanced acceleration竖曲线vertical curve坡道gradient坡度grade;gradient;slope限制坡度ruling grade;limiting grade坡度折减grade compensation;compensation of gradient;gradient compensation避难线refuge siding;catch siding双线插入段double track interpolation铁路连接线;铁道连接线railway connecting line隧道内线路line in tunnel桥头引线bridge approach站线siding站线长度length of station line铁路标志;铁道标志railway sign警冲标fouling point indicator;fouling post线路中心线track center line;central lines of track线间距离;线间距distance between centres of lines;distance between centers of tracks;midway between tracks线路试验;线路实验track test;road test;running test路基subgrade铁路路基;路基 ;铁道路基railway subgrade;subgrade软土路基soft soil subgrade沙漠路基desert subgrade冻土路基permafrost subgrade膨胀土路基subgrade in swelling soil zone路基基床subgrade bed路堤embankment;fill高路堤high-fill embankment路堑cut;road cutting深路堑deep cutting路肩road shoulder;subgrade shoulder边坡side slope护坡revetment;slope protection;pitching路基滑动subgrade slip滑坡防治landslide preventive treatment路基排水subgrade drainage塑料排水板plastic drainage board路基加固subgrade strengthening土工织物geotextile挡土墙;挡墙 retaining walls锚定板anchor plate锚杆anchor bolt抗滑桩antiskid pile;anti-slide pile;counter-sliding pile加筋土reinforced earth植被vegetation路基防护subgrade protection防护工程protective engineering防护林protection forest防沙sand proof固沙stabilization of sand输导砂sediment transport路侧建筑物roadside structure排水沟weeper drain;weep drain;drainage ditch;drain ditch挡风墙wind-shield wall;wind-break wall隔声墙sound-proof wall防雪栅snow fence;snow guard轨道理论track theory轨道设计track design轨道参数track parameter轨距track gauge;rail gage;rail gauge轨距加宽track gauge widening轨底坡cant of rail;rail cant轨道力学track dynamics;track mechanics轨道强度track strength轨道阻力track resistance道床阻力trackbed resistance;ballast resistance扣固力fastening force钢轨应力rail stress轨道承载力track bearing capacity轨道稳定性track stability;stability of track轨道试验;轨道实验track test轮轨关系wheel-rail interaction;wheel-rail relation轮轨动力学wheel-rail dynamics轮轨作用力wheel-rail force轮轨接触wheel-rail contact接触应力contact stress轨道结构track structure轨道track铁路轨道;轨道 ;铁道轨道railway track;track线路上部建筑;轨道track superstructure;track重型轨道heavy track宽轨枕轨道broad sleeper track板式轨道slab track;slab-track整体道床轨道monolithic roadbed track防振轨道anti-vibration track高架轨道elevated track无缝线路jointless line;continuously welded rail track;jointless track桥上轨道结构bridge deck track structure隧道内轨道结构track structure in tunnel钢轨steel rail重型钢轨heavy rail长钢轨long rail焊接长钢轨long welded rail缩短轨shortened rail;standard shortened rail;fabricated short rail used on curves;standard curtailed rail热处理钢轨heat-treated rail合金钢轨alloy steels rail旧钢轨used rail钢轨钢rail steel钢轨螺栓孔rail bolt hole轨缝rail gap;joint gap钢轨焊缝rail welding seam钢轨接头rail joint异型接头compromise joint伸缩接头expansion joint焊接接头welding joint;welded joint绝缘接头track section insulator;insulated joint胶接接头adhesive joint鱼尾板fish plate鱼尾螺栓fish bolt扣件fastening;rail fastening弹性扣件elastic fastening;elastic rail fastening弹条式扣件elastic rod type fastening分开式扣件 separated fastening;separated rail fastening;indirect holding fastening扣板式扣件 clip fastening刚性扣件rigid fastening垫圈ring道钉spike;track spike;rail spike;dog spike螺纹道钉threading spike;screw spike垫板tie-plate;tie plate橡胶垫板rubber tie-plate;rubber tie plate防爬器anticreeper;anti-creeper;rail anchor轨距拉杆gauge tie rod轨下基础underrail foundation;sub-rail foundation;sub-rail track bed轨枕sleeper;tie;cross tie木枕wooden sleeper;wooden tie混凝土枕;砼枕concrete sleeper;concrete tie轨枕板;宽轨枕sleeper slab;broad sleeper钢枕steel sleeper;steel tie合成轨枕composite sleeper纵向轨枕longitudinal tie岔枕points sleeper;switch tie;turnout tie桥枕bridge tie;bridge sleeper轨排track panel;track skeleton枕下胶垫rubber pad under sleeper道床track bed;ballast bed碎石道床ballast bed整体道床 monolithic track bed;solid bed;integrated ballast bed;monolithic concrete bed 沥青道床 bituminous raodbed;asphalt roadbed;asphalt cemented ballast bed石棉道床asbestos ballast道碴ballast道床覆盖ballast cover轨道附属设备track auxiliary equipment钢轨涂油器rail lubricator融雪器snow melter复轨器replacer;re-railer;rerailing device脱轨器derailer车挡bumper;bumper post道岔switch;point;turnout;switches and crossings单开道岔single point;simple turnout;lateral turnout双开道岔double turnout三开道岔 three-throw turnout;symmetrical three throw turnout;three-way turnout 交分道岔 slip switch高速道岔high-speed switch切线型道岔tangent turnout道岔设计turnout design过岔速度switch crossing speed辙叉frog;crossing整铸辙叉integrated cast frog锰钢辙叉manganese steel frog crossing焊接辙叉welding frog crossing组合辙叉combined frog;assembled frog可动心轨辙叉movable point frog;movable-point frog可动翼轨辙叉movable wing rails;movable-wing frog尖轨switch point;point tongue;switch rail;tongue rail;blade滑床板slide chair;slide plate;switch plate基本轨stock rail翼轨wing rail护轮轨guard rail导曲线curve of turnout;lead curve道岔附带曲线curve following turnout branch line交叉crossing渡线track cross-over;crossover通过道岔passing switch铁路道口;铁道道口railway crossing平交道口level crossing道口板crossing slab道口路面crossing road surface立体交叉;立交grade separation线路施工track construction石方工程rock excavation土方工程earthwork填方filling挖方cutting土方调拨mass dispatching线路施工机械track construction machinery and equipment 轨道施工track construction轨道工程track construction轨道铺设track laying铺碴ballasting轨枕铺设sleeper laying铺轨rail-laying轨排组装track panel assembling轨排装运track panel loading轨排基地track panel base钢轨焊接rail welding钢轨热处理rail heat treatment钢轨铺设rail laying钢轨锁定rail locking道岔铺设switch laying轨道施工机械track construction machinery铺轨列车tracklaying train;track laying train铺轨机rail-laying machine;track laying machine钢轨焊接车rail welding car焊轨机steel rails weldeding mill;rail welding machine轨排组装机track panel assembling machine轨排运送车track panel transport car铺枕机sleeper-laying machine铺碴车ballasting car铺碴机ballasting machine铺道岔机turnout-laying machine焊接长钢轨运送车welding long rails transport car动力稳定车dynamic track stabilizer线路状态track state路基病害subgrade defect沉降settlement坍方落石;危石collapse rock翻浆冒泥frost boiling;mud-pumping路基壅水subgrade water damming路基渗流subgrade seepage flow路基冲刷subgrade erosion振动液化vibration liquifaction冻融freezing and thawing冻胀frost heaving冻害freezing damage;frost heaving雪害snow damage;snow blockade;snow drift沙害sand damage轨道状态track condition轨道变形track deformation;track disorder;track distortion轨道不平顺track irregularity低接头depression of joint三角坑warp;twist钢轨爬行rail creeping涨轨跑道;钢轨鼓曲buckled track;rail buckle钢轨疲劳rail fatigue钢轨伤损rail failure;rail defects and failures钢轨断裂rail fracture钢轨裂纹rail crack;rail crackes轨头剥离rail head shelling;gage line shelly cracks钢轨锈蚀rail bubble;rail corrosion钢轨磨耗rail wearing波形磨耗;波浪磨耗undulatory wear螺孔裂纹bolt hole crack辙叉伤损;辙叉损伤frog failure木枕开裂wooden sleeper cracking轨枕伤损;轨枕伤损sleeper damage道床脏污ballast contamination线路养护track maintenance线路维修track maintenance;maintenance of track日常维修routine maintenance;current maintenance状态修repairing on condition;repair according to condition巡回检查inspection tour轨道检测机具track detection equipment道尺track gauge轨道检测track detection灾害检测装置disaster detector超声波探伤仪ultrasonic flaw detector钢轨探伤车rail detecting car;rail flaw detection car轨道检查车;轨检车track inspection car;track recording car高速轨道检查车;高速轨检车high-speed track inspection car 养路作业track maintenance operation起道track lifting;raising of track垫碴起道ballast filling track lifting改道track realigning;gage correction;gaging of track拨道track lining捣固tamping除草weeding除草剂herbicide除雪snow clearing防冻anti-freezing融雪snow melt融雪剂snow melt agent钢轨加热rail heating钢轨打磨rail grinding钢轨矫直straightening of kinked rail钢轨更换rail replace钢轨探伤rail detecting钢轨焊补rail repairing welding轨缝调整rail gap adjusting应力放散stress-relieving钢轨温度rail temperature钢轨涂油rail lubrication轨枕更换sleeper replacement扣件作业fastening operation轨枕修补sleeper mending枕木防腐timber sleeper treating道岔养护switch maintenance道岔更换switch replacement辙叉焊补frog welding and repairing道床作业ballast operation道碴清筛ballast screening道碴更换ballast replacement道床整形ballast trimming曲线养护curved track maintenance线路管理系统track management system养路组织track maintenance organization养路计划track maintenance planning维修天窗maintenance time维修周期maintenance period养路安全track maintenance safety列车接近警报器 ;列车接近报警器 ;列车接近报警装置 train approach warning device 养路质量 track maintenance quality养路机械化track maintenance machinization线路中修intermediate repair of track起道修;线路中修track raising repair;track intermediate overhaul线路大修major repair of track线路更新;线路大修track renewal;track overhauling线路修复track restoration铁路抢修;铁道抢修railway emergency maintenance养路机械track maintenance machine起道机track lifting machine拨道机track lining machine起拨道机track lifting and lining machine捣固机tamping machine捣固车tamping wagon道床夯拍机ballast compactor配碴整形机 ballast distributing and trimming machine;ballast distributing and regulating machine道碴清筛机 ballast cleaner扒碴机crib ballast raker;crib ballast removers道碴更换机ballast replacement eqnipment道床清扫机ballast cleaning machine轨枕更换机sleeper replacement equipment钢轨更换机rail replacement equipment钢轨打磨机rail grinding machine钢轨打磨车rail grinding wagon直轨器rail straightening tool;rail straightener锯轨机rail saw;rail cutting machine;rail sawing machine钢轨钻孔机rail drilling machine钢轨加热器rail heater轨缝调整器rail gap adjuster;rail puller道钉机spike driver除雪机snowbreaker;snow removing machine;snow remover除雪车snow-fighting vehicle;snow plow;snow plough除草机weeder;weed cutting machine;weed cutter清沟机ditcher碎冰机ice crusher养路机具track maintenance implements液压机具hydraulic tool轨道车track car上下道装置up and down track device发电车mobile power plant car;generator car综合养路机械comprehensive track maintenance machine机械化养路基地mechanized maintenance base工务部门maintenance of way branch大修队capital repair brigade工务段engineering district;maintenance of way section;track division;track district;track maintenance division养路员工track maintenance worker工务修配厂maintenance of way shop焊轨厂rail welding plant枕木防腐厂timber sleeper treating plant采石场quarry;stonepit铁路专业英语词汇________________________________________elevated railway, overhead railway, aerial railway高架铁路mine railway矿区铁路funicular (railway)缆索铁路，登山铁路light railway line轻便铁道urban railway市区铁路railway network铁路网railway transport铁路运输trial run试车open to traffic通车porter搬运工人ticket inspector查票员ticket车票single ticket, oneway ticket单程票return ticket, roundtrip ticket来回票platform ticket站台票railway station车站station hall车站大厅information desk服务台waiting room候车室passenger station客车站time-table时刻表arrival time-table到站时刻表departure time-table发车时刻表ticket-collector, gateman收票员ticket office, booking office售票处junction枢纽站rail and water terminal水陆联运站platform bridge天桥luggage barrow推行李车enquiry office, information desk问讯处way station小站label行李标签luggage office行李房left-luggage office行李暂存处platform-ticket验票口barrier栅栏门platform站台(electric) platform truck站台车platform tunnel站台地道platform roofing站台顶棚station-master站长terminal; terminus终点站escalator自动扶梯The train leaves the station at..., The train is due out at...火车在（某时）离站to have one's ticket punched（给检票员）检票10 minutes behind schedule晚点十分钟to change trains at...在（某地）换车The train is due at...在（某时）到达to break the journey中途下车dining car, restaurant car, diner餐车pantry餐车食品室open wagon, (railway) wagon, (railway) truck敞车carriage, coach, car车厢roof车顶concertina walls（车厢通道两侧的）伸缩篷step; foot board（车厢门口的）踏板gangway（车厢的）通道lidded ashtray带盖烟灰盒tank wagon罐车mixed train混合列车freight train, goods train货物列车engine, locomotive机车window seat靠窗座位coach, passenger train客车express train, express快车refrigerator wagon冷藏车car attendant; train attendant列车员guard, conductor列车长slow train, way train慢车covered wagon van, box car棚车ordinary train普通列车sleeping carriage with cushioned berths软卧客车up train上行车livestock wagon牲畜车sleeping car, sleeper卧车down train下行车luggage van, baggage car行李车rack, baggage rack行李架sleeping carriage with semicushioned berths硬卧客车ordinary seat硬席carriage with semicushioned seats硬座车mail car邮政车mail and luggage van邮政行李车through train直达车special train专车pointsman, switchman道岔工人signal for blocking the track, block signal闭塞信号semaphore signal, home signal臂板信号warehouse仓库siding, sidetrack侧线，旁轨turnout岔道weighing machine秤重机derailing（火车）出轨single line (track) rail单线points, switches道岔switch lock, point lock道岔锁wait sign, wait signal等候标志（信号）marshalling yard, shunting yard调车场dispatching调度dispatcher调度员crossover渡线，转线轨道rail钢轨track轨道sleeper, railroad tie轨枕rail chair轨座buffer stop, bumping post缓冲桩goods shed, freight depot货棚goods station货运站，货站container集装箱locomotive (engine)shed机车库station warning sign进站预告标clearance净空(signal) gantry（铁路上支持信号装置的）跨线桥barrier（道口）拦路木section路段reduce speed sign(al)慢行标志（信号）bell and whistle sign, whistle sign鸣笛预告标platform car, flat car平车grade crossing, level crossing（道路与铁路的）平面交叉track-laying machine, tracklayer铺轨机double line (track) rail双线volume of railway freight铁路货运量railway connections铁路交叉点，铁路联络线railway warning sign铁路警告标志railway clearance铁路净空railroad bed铁路路基railway curve铁路曲线（弯道）railway tunnel铁路隧道railway line, railroad line铁路线stop sign(al)停车标志（信号）danger sign(al)危险标志（信号）unprotected crossing无防护设备的道口signal light (lamp)信号灯signal box, signalman's cabin信号房signalman信号员wing rail (of frog)翼轨distant signal, disk signal, target圆盘信号机back-turning section折返段frog辙叉，岔心turn-table车台，旋车盘point (box), switch (box)转辙器switch signal, point indicator转辙信号。
铁路工程常用英语词汇
摇轴芝座rocker bearing
滚轴支座roller bearing
球面支座spherical bearing
板式橡胶支座laminated rubber bearing
盆式橡胶支座pot rubber bearing
聚四氯乙烯支座poly-tetrafluoroedthylene bearing; PTFE bearing
箍筋stirrup
纵向钢筋longitudinal reinforcement
弯起钢筋bent-up bar
架立钢筋erection bar
构造钢筋constructional reinforcement
预应力筋tendon
套管sheath
梁腋haunch
拱圈arch ring
拱肋arch rib
拱顶rach crown
铁路工程常用英语词汇
导语：铁路工程是指铁路上的各种土木工程设施，同时也指修建铁
路各阶段所运用的技术。下面是YJBYS小编收集整理的有关铁路工程
的英语词汇，欢迎参考!
钢丝steel wire
钢丝束bundled steel wires
钢绞线steel strand
钢筋reinforcement; steel bar
涡流激振wortex-excited oscillation
弛振galloping
颤振flutter
扰流板spoiler
风嘴wind fairing
桥梁自振周期natural vibration period of bridge
浮运架桥法bridge erection by floating
架桥机架设法erection by bridge girder erecting equipment
铁路专业英文词汇---精品管理资料
铁路专业词汇一、铁路;铁道railway railroad铁路线 railway line； railroad line铁路网 railway network； railroad network 铁道科学 railway science铁路技术 railway technology铁路等级 railway classification国有铁路 national railway； state railway 地方铁路 local railway； regional railway 私有铁路 private railway合资铁路 joint investment railway； jointly owned railway标准轨铁路 standard—gage railway窄轨铁路 narrow-gage railway米轨铁路 meter—gage railway宽轨铁路 broad-gage railway单线铁路 single track railway双线铁路 double track railway多线铁路 multiple track railway重载铁路 heavy haul railway高速铁路 high speed railway电气化铁路；电力铁路 electrified railway; electric railway干线铁路 main line railway； trunk railway 市郊铁路 suburban railway地下铁道；地铁 subway； metro; underground railway工业企业铁路 industry railway矿山铁路 mine railway轻轨铁路 light railway； light rail高架铁路 elevated railway单轨铁路；独轨铁路monorail; monorail railway磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway；maglev森林铁路 forest railway山区铁路 mountain railway既有铁路 existing railway新建铁路 newly—built railway改建铁路 reconstructed railway运营铁路 railway in operation； operation; operating railway专用铁路 special purpose railway干线 trunk line； main line支线 branch line铁路专用线 railway special line货运专线 railway line for freight traffic；freight special line； freight traffic only line客运专线 railway line for passenger traffic；passenger special line； passenger traffic only line客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic铁路运营长度;运营里程 operation length of railway； operating distance； revenue length 列车运行图 train diagram铁路建筑长度 construction length of railway 区间 section区段 district轨距 rail gage; rail gauge轮重 wheel load轴重 axle load最大轴重 maximum allowable axle load限制轴重 axle load limited限界 clearance； gauge限界图 clearance diagram铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance； structure clearance for railway；railway struction gauge基本建筑限界fundamental construction clearance； fundamental structure gauge桥梁建筑限界 bridge construction clearance; bridge structure gauge隧道建筑界限 tunnel construction clearance；tunnel structure gauge铁路机车车辆限界 rolling stock clearance for railway； vehicle gauge机车车辆上部限界 clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock机车车辆下部限界 clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock装载限界 loading clearance limit； loading gauge阔大货物限界clearance limit for freight with exceptional dimension; clearance limit for oversize commodities接触网限界clearance limit for overhead contract wire； clearance limit for overhead catenary system； overhead catenary system gauge列车与线路相互作用 track-train interaction 轮轨关系wheel-rail relation; wheel-rail interaction粘着系数 adhesion coefficient车轮滑行 wheel sliding; wheel skid车轮空转 wheel slipping牵引种类kinds of traction；category of traction牵引方式 mode of traction牵引定数 tonnage rating； tonnage of traction 装载系数 loading coefficient速度 speed持续速度 continuous speed 限制速度 limited speed； speed restriction 均衡速度 balancing speed构造速度 construction speed； design speed 最高速度 maximum speed临界速度 critical speed重载列车 heavy haul train高速列车 high speed train超长超重列车 exceptionally long and heavy train列车正面冲突 train collision列车尾追 train tail collision列车尾部防护 train rear end protection伸缩运动 fore and aft motion蛇行运动 hunting； nosing列车压缩 train running in列车拉伸 train running out列车分离 train separation列车颠覆 train overturning列车动力学 train dynamics列车空气动力学 train aerodynamics机车车辆振动 vibration of rolling stock纵向振动 longitudinal vibration横向振动 lateral vibration垂向振动 vertical vibration摆滚振动 rock-roll vibration浮沉振动 bouncing； vibration测滚振动 rolling ； vibration测摆振动 swaying； vibration点头振动 pitching； nodding摇头振动 yawing； hunting机车车辆共振 resonance of rolling stock机车车辆冲击 impact of rolling纵向冲击 longitudinal impact横向冲击 lateral impact垂向冲击 vertical impact货运站综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations at freight station行车指挥自动化 automation of traffic control 编组场综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations in marshalling yard铁路运营信息系统railway operation information system铁路数据交换系统railway data exchange system运营系统模拟 simulation of operation system 铁路法 railway law铁道法规 railway act铁路条例 railway code铁路技术管理规程regulations of railway technical operation综合运输comprehensive transport；multi—mode transport； intermode transport 国际铁路联运 international railway through traffic大陆桥；洲际铁路 transcontinental railway; intercontinental railway; land—railway国际联运协定agreement of international through traffic国际联运议定书protocol of international through traffic国际铁路联运公约convention of international railway through traffic二、铁路新线建设newly-built railway construction铁路技术改造 technical reform of railway；technical renovation of railway; betterment and improvement of railway铁路主要技术条件 main technical standard of railway；main techincal requirement of railway 单位工程 unit project分部工程 part project分项工程 item project预可行性研究 pre-feasibility study项目建议书 proposed task of project可行性研究 feasibility study设计阶段 design phase; design stage三阶段设计 three-step design； three—phase design两阶段设计two—step design; two—phase design一阶段设计one—step design；one—phase design初步设计 preliminary design技术设计 technical design扩大初步设计 enlarged preliminary design；expanded preliminary design施工图设计construction detail design；working-drawing design变更设计 altered design设计概算 apporximate estimate of design；budgetary estimate of design个别概算 individual approximate estimate综合概算 comprehensive approximate estimate 总概算 sum of approximate estimate； total estimate； summary estimate修正总概算amended sum of approximate estimate； revised general estimate调整总概算adjusted sum of approximate estimate投资检算 checking of investment预算定额 rating of budget； rating form for budget概算定额rating of approximate estimate; rating form for estimate投资估算 investment estimate估算指标 index of estimate机械台班定额 rating per machine per team；rating per machine—team工程直接费 direct expense of project; direct cost of project工程间接费indirect expense of project; indirect cost of project工程预备费 reserve fund of project设计鉴定 certification of design； appraisal of design竣工决算 final accounts of completed project 铁路用地 right—of-way铁路勘测 railway reconnaissance调查测绘survey and drawing of investigation；investigation survey；investigation surveying and sketching地形调查 topographic survey地貌调查topographic feature survey; geomorphologic survey地质调查 geologic survey经济调查 economic investigation； economic survey水文地质调查 hydrogeologic survey土石成分调查survey of soil and rock composition土石物理力学性质physical and mechanical properties of soil and rock土石分类 classification of soil and rock地基承载力 bearing capacity of foundation; bearing capacity of ground; bearing of subgrade隧道围岩分级classification of tunnel surrounding rock地质图测绘 survey and drawing of geological map; surveying and sketching of geological map勘探 exploration； prospecting挖探 excavation prospecting钻探 boring； exploration drilling物探 geophysical prospecting室内测试 indoor test； laboratory test原位测试 in situ test静力触探 static sounding; static probing；cone penetration test动力触探试验 dynamic penetration test标准贯入试验 standard penetration test区域地质 regional geology工程地质 engineering geology不良地质 unfavorable geology特殊地质 special geology工程地质条件engineering geologic；requirement; engineering geologic condition 气象资料 meteorological data冻结深度 freezing depth地震基本烈度 basic intensity of earthquake；seismic basic intensity工程地质图 engineering geological map地层柱状图column diagram of stratum; graphic logs of strata； drill log of stratum 洪水调查 flood survey河道调查 river course survey冰凌调查 ice floe survey； frazil ice survey 汇水区流域特征调查 survey of catchment basin characteristics水文断面hydrologic sectional drawing; dydrologic section；hydrologic cross-section主河槽 main river channel设计流速 design current velocity设计高程；设计标高 design elevation河流比降 slope of river; comparable horizon of river历史洪水位 historic flood level最高水位 highest water level； HWL通航水位 navigation water level； NWL桥涵水文 hydrology of bridge and culvert水利半径 hydraulic radius桥前壅水高度 backwater height in front of bridge； top water level in front of bridge 桥渡勘测设计survey and design of bridge crossing水面坡度 slope of water surface水文测量 hydrological survey泥石流流域 catchment basin of debris flow 分水岭 watershed; dividing ridge汇水面积 catchment area； water collecting area； drainage area洪水频率 flood frequency设计流量 design discharge设计水位 design water level施工水位construction level; construction water level； working water level设计洪水过程线 designed flood hydrograph容许冲刷 allowable scour一般冲刷 general scour局部冲刷 local scour； partial scour三、铁路测量 railway survey线路踏勘;草测 route reconnaissance初测 preliminary survey定测location survey；alignment；final location survey导线测量 traversing； traverse survey光电导线 photoelectric traverse地形测量 topographical survey 横断面测量 cross leveling； cross-section survey； cross—section leveling线路测量route survey；profile survey; longitudinal survey既有线测量;旧线测量survey of existing railway线路复测repetition survey of existing railway； resurvey of existing railway测量精度survey precision；precision of survey均方差；中误差 mean square error最大误差；极限误差 maximum error； limiting error中线测量 center line survey中线桩 center line stake加桩additional stake； plus stake外移桩shift out stake；stake outward；offset stake水准点高程测量 bench mark leveling中桩高程测量；中平 center stake leveling曲线控制点 curve control point放线 setting—out of route; lay out of route 交点 intersection point副交点 auxiliary intersection point转向角 deflection angle分转向角 auxiliary deflection angle坐标方位角 plane-coordinate azimuth象限角 quadrantal angle经纬距 plane rectangular coordinate断链 broken chain投影断链 projection of broken chain断高 broken height铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测 railway aerial photogrammetry铁路航空勘测 railway aerial surveying航带设计flight strip design；design of flight strip铁路工程地质遥感 remote sensing of railway engineering geology测段 segment of survey航测选线 aerial surveying alignment航测外控点field control point of aerophotogrammetry全球定位系统 global positioning system； GPS 像片索引图 index of photography三角测量trigonometric survey；triangulation精密导线测量precise traverse survey；accurate traverse survey三角高程测量 trigonometric leveling隧道洞外控制测量outside tunnel control survey隧道洞内控制测量 in tunnel control survey; through survey隧道洞口投点horizontal point of tunnel portal；geodetic control point of portal location of adit桥轴线测量 survey of bridge axis铁路选线railway location；approximate railway location； location of railway route selection平原地区选线 location in plain region; plain location越岭选线 location of mountain line； location of line in mountain region; location over mountain山区河谷选线mountain and valley region location； location of line of in mountain and valley region丘陵地段选线 hilly land location； location of line on hilly land工程地质选线 engineering geoligic location of line线间距 distance between centers of tracks；midway between tracks车站分布 distribution of stations方案比选scheme comparison；route alternative投资回收期 repayment period of capital cost 纸上定线 paper location of line缓坡地段 section of easy grade; section of gentle slope紧坡地段 section of sufficient grade非紧坡地段 section of unsufficient grade；section fo insufficient grade导向线 leading line; alignment guiding line 拔起高度；克服高度height of lifting；lifting height; ascent of elevation横断面选线 cross—section method of railway location；location with cross—section method； cross-section method for location of line展线 extension of line； development of line; line development展线系数coefficient of extension line；coefficient of development line套线 overlapping line线路平面图 track plan; line plan线路纵断面图 track profile； line profile 站坪长度 length of station site站坪坡度 grade of station site控制区间control section；controlling section最小曲线半径 minimum radius of curve圆曲线 circular curve单曲线 simple curve缓和曲线 transition curve； easement curve；spiral transition curve缓和曲线半截变更率rate of easement curvature； rate of transition curve复曲线 compound curve同向曲线curves of same sense；adjacent curves in one direction反向曲线 reverse curve； curve of opposite sense夹直线 intermediate straight line; tangent between curves坡度 grade； gradient； slope人字坡 double spur grade限制坡度 ruling grade； limiting grade加力牵引坡度 pusher grade； assisting grade 最大坡度 maximum grade临界坡度 critical grade长大坡度 long steep grade; long heavy grade 动力坡度 momentum grade均衡坡度 balanced grade有害地段 harmful district无害地段 harmless district变坡点 point of gradient change； breake in grade坡段 grade section坡段长度 length of grade section坡度差 algebraic difference between adjacent gradients竖曲线 vertical curve分坡平段 level stretch between opposite sign gradient缓和坡度 slight grade； flat grade； easy grade起动缓坡 flat gradient for starting 加速缓坡easy gradient for acceleration; accelerating grade坡度折减 compensation of gradient； gradient compensation; grade compensation曲线折减compensation of curve；curve compesation隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient in tunnel； compensation grade in tunnel绕行地段 detouring section; round section 换侧;换边 change side of double line容许应力设计法allowable stress design method破损阶段设计法 plastic stage design method 极限状态设计法 limit state design method 概率极限状态设计法；可靠度设计法probabilisatic limit state design method 地震系数法 seismic coefficient method四、路基subgrade；road bed；formation subgrade岩石路基 rock subgrade渗水土路基 permeable soil subgrade; pervious embankment非渗水土路基 non-permeable soil subgrade; impervious embankment特殊土路基 subgrade of special soil软土地区路基subgrade in soft soil zone; subgrade in soft； clay region泥沼地区路基 subgrade in bog zone； subgrade in morass region； subgrade in swampland 膨胀土地区路基；裂土地区路基 subgrade in swelling soil zone； subgrade in expansive soil region盐渍土地区路基 subgrade in salty soil zone；subgrade in saline soil region多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soilzone特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special condition河滩路堤 embankment on plain river beach滨河路堤 embankment on river bank水库路基 subgrade in reservoir； embankment crossing reservoir崩塌地段路基 subgrade in rock fall district；subgrade in collapse zone岩堆地段路基 subgrade in rock deposit zone; subgrade in talus zone； subgrade in scree zone滑坡地段路基 subgrade in slide岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基 subgrade in karst zone洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone; subgrade in cavern zone风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone； subgrade in desert雪害地段路基 subgrade in snow damage zone；subgrade in snow disaster zone泥石流地段路基 subgrade in debris flow zone 路基横断面 subgrade cross—section路基面 subgrade surface； formation路基面宽度 width of the subgrade surface; formation width路拱 road crown； subgrade crown路肩 Road shoulder； subgrade shoulder路肩高程 formation level; shoulder level路堤 embankment； fill路堑 cut; road； cutting半堤半堑 part-cut and part—fill section；cut and fill section基床 subgrade bed； formation基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed；formation top layer；surface layer of subgrade基床表层 bottom layer of subgrade； formation base layer； bottom layer of subgrade bed一般路基general subgrade；ordinary subgrade最小填筑高度minimum fill height of subgrade； minimum height of fill临界高度 critical height基底 foundation base； base路堤边坡side slope of embankment；fill slope talus坡脚 toe of side slope护道 berm取土坑 borrow pit路堤填料embankment fill material; embankment filler；filling material of embankment填料分类 classification of filling material 岩块填料 rock block filler; rock filler; rock fill粗粒土填料coarse—grained soil filler；coarse-grained soil fill细粒土填料fine-grained soil filler; fine—grained soil fill压实标准 compacting criteria相对密度 relative density压实系数compacting factor；compacting coefficient最佳含水量 optimum moisture content； best moisture content最佳密度 optimum density； best density核子密度湿度测定 determination of nuclear density-moisture路基承载板测定 determination of bearing slabof subgrade预留沉落量 reserve settlement; settlement allowance反压护道 berm with superloading； berm for back pressure； counter swelling berm石灰砂桩 lime sand pile换土 change soil； soil replacement爆破排淤 blasting discharging sedimentation; silt arresting by explosion； discharge of sedimentation by blasting抛石挤淤throwing stones to packing sedimentation；packing sedimentation by throwing stones； packing up sedimentation by dumping stones路堑石方爆破 rock cutting blasting； rock blasting in cut定向爆破 directional blasting浅孔爆破 shallow hole blasting深孔爆破 deep hole blasting洞室药包爆破chamber explosive package blasting； chamher blasting扬弃爆破 abandoned blasting； abandonment blasting抛掷爆破 pin-point blasting松动爆破 blasting for loosening rock药壶爆破 pot hole blasting裸露腰包爆破adobe blasting; contact blasting路堑边坡 cutting slope； side slope of cut 堑顶 top of cutting slope； top of cutting 路堑平台 platform of cutting; berm in cutting 弃土堆 waste bank; bankette; spoil bank 五、防护工程Protection works挡土墙 retaining wall重力式挡土墙 gravity retaining wall 衡重式挡土墙 balance weight retaining wall; gravity retaining wall with relieving platform； balanced type retaining wall锚定板挡土墙 anchored retaining wall by tie rods；anchored bulkhead retaining wall; anchored plate retaining wall加筋土挡土墙 reinforced earth retaining wall; reinforced soil retaining wall锚杆挡墙anchored bolt retaining wall；anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods管柱挡墙 cylindrical shaft retaining wall 沉井挡墙 caisson retaining wall抗滑桩 anti—slide pile； counter—sliding pile护墙 guard wall护坡 slope protection； revetment； pitching 排水沟 weep drain; drainage ditch； drain ditch边沟；侧沟 side ditch天沟 gutter； overhead ditch； intercepting ditch吊沟 suspended ditch跌水 hydraulic drop截水沟 intercepting ditch； catch—drain急流槽 chute排水槽 drainage channel渗水暗沟 blind drain渗水隧洞leak tunnel; permeable tunnel；drainage tunnel渗井 leaching well; seepage well渗管 leaky pipe平孔排水 horizontal hole drainage反滤层 reverse filtration layer； inverted filter； protective filter检查井 inspection well； manhole砂井；排水砂井 sand drain隔断层 insulating course； insulating layer 透水路堤pervious embankment；permeable embankment渗水路堤 immerseable embankment排水砂垫层sand filled drainage layer；drainage sand blanker坡面防护 slope protection护岸 revetment; shore protection导流堤 diversion dike拦石墙 stone cut off wall； stone falling wall； buttree落石槽 stone falling channel； trough for catching falling rocks柴排firewood raft；mattress；willow fascine固沙造林stabilization for sands by afforestation挡风墙 wind—break wall防风栅栏 wind break fence砂土液化 sand liquefaction六、桥梁 bridge中—活载 CR—live loading； China railway standard loading桥梁标准活载 standard live load for bridge 桥梁荷载谱 bridge load spectrum换算均布活载 equivalent uniform live load 设计荷载 design load主力 principal load恒载 dead load土压力 earth load静水压力 hydrostatic pressure浮力 buoyancy列车活载 live load of train列车离心力 centrifugal force of train 列车冲击力；冲击荷载 impact force of train 冲击系数 ceofficient of impact人行道荷载 sidewalk loading附加力 subsidiary load; secondary load列车制动力 braking force of train列车牵引力 tractive force of train风荷载 wind load列车横向摇摆力lateral swaying force of train流水压力 pressure of water flow冰压力 ice pressure冻胀力 frost heaving force特殊荷载 particular load船只或排筏的撞击力 collision force of ship or raft地震力 seismic force地震烈度 earthquake intensity地震震级 earthquake magnitude施工荷载 constructional loading荷载组合 loading conbination铁路桥 railway bridge公铁两用桥combined bridge；combined highway and railway bridge；combined rail-cum-road bridge跨线桥;立交桥overpass bridge; grade separation bridge； flyover高架桥 viaduct旱桥 dry bridge人行桥 foot bridge； pedestrian bridge圬工桥 masonry bridge钢桥 steel bridge铆接钢桥 riveted steel bridge栓焊钢桥 bolted and welded steel bridge全焊钢桥 all welded steel bridge摩擦结合式高强度螺栓 high strength frictiongrip bolt扭剪式高强度螺栓 torshear type high strength blot螺栓示功扳手 bolt wrench with indicator混凝土桥 concrete bridge钢筋混凝土桥 reinforced concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥 prestressed concrete bridge 先张法预应力梁pretensioned prestressed concrete girder后张法预应力梁 post-tensioned prestressed concrete girder部分预应力混凝土桥partially prestressed concrete bridge结合梁桥 composite beam bridge低高度梁 shallow girder无碴无枕梁girder without ballast and sleeper型钢混凝土梁；劲性骨架混凝土梁 girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete；skeleton reinforced concrete girder简支梁桥 simply supported beam bridge连续梁桥 continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥 cantilever beam bridge板桥 slab bridge空心板桥 hollow slab bridge板梁 plate girder工形梁 I—beam箱形梁 box girder槽形梁 trough girder桁架 truss拆装式桁架 demountable truss刚架桥；刚构桥 rigid frame bridge斜腿刚架桥；斜腿刚构桥 strutted beam bridge；slant-legged rigid frame bridge悬板桥；悬带桥 stressed ribbon bridge 悬索桥；吊桥 suspension bridge斜拉桥 cable-stayed bridge浮桥 pontoon bridge； floating bridge; bateau bridge拱桥 arch bridge固端拱；无铰拱 fixed-end arch双铰拱 two—hinged arch三铰拱 three-hinged arch实腹拱spandrel—filled arch；solid-spandrel arch空腹拱 open—spandrel arch双曲拱two—way curved arch; cross-curved arch系杆拱；柔性系杆刚性拱 tied arch榔格尔式桥；刚性系杆柔性拱桥 Langer bridge；flexible arch bridge with rigid tie洛泽式桥；直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥Lohse bridge; rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders尼尔森桥 Nielsen systen bridge尼尔森式骆泽梁桥；斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥Nielsen type Lhse bridge； rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders活动桥 movable bridge竖旋桥 bascule bridge平旋桥 swing bridge升降桥 lift bridge正交桥 right bridge斜交桥 skew bridge曲线桥 curved bridge曲梁 curved beam特大桥 super maior bridge大桥 major bridge中桥 medium bridge小桥 minor bridge单线桥 single track bridge双线桥 double track bridge多线桥 multi-track bridge正桥；主桥 main bridge引桥 approach spans上承式桥 deck bridge半穿式桥;中承式half through bridge；midheight deck bridge下承式桥 through bridge双层桥 double-deck bridge永久性桥 permanent bridge临时性桥；便桥 temporary bridge跨径；跨度 span净跨 clear span桥梁全长 overall length of bridge桥下净空 underneath clearance主梁中心距 center to center distance between main girder节间长度 panel length梁高 depth of girder拱度 camber挠度 deflection节间 panel锚跨；锚孔 anchor span悬跨；吊孔 suspended span桥梁上部结构 superstructure腹板 web plate翼缘 flange翼缘板 flange plate弦杆 chord member腹杆 web member斜杆 diagonal member竖杆 vertical member吊杆 suspender hanger加劲杆 stiffener 节点 panel point节点板 gusset plate拼接板 splice plate缀条 lacing bar缀板 stay plate； tie plate侧向水平联结系 lateral bracing横联 sway bracing制动撑架 braking bracing桥门架 portal frame纵梁 stringer横梁 floor beam； transverse beam桥面系 floor system端横梁 end floor beam起重横梁 jacking floor beam梁端缓冲梁 auxiliary girder for controlling angle change应变时效 strain ageing碳当量 carbon equivalent钢丝 steel wire钢丝束 bundled steel wires钢绞线 steel strand钢筋 reinforcement； steel bar箍筋 stirrup纵向钢筋 longitudinal reinforcement弯起钢筋 bent-up bar架立钢筋 erection bar构造钢筋 constructional reinforcement预应力筋 tendon套管 sheath梁腋 haunch拱圈 arch ring拱肋 arch rib拱顶 rach crown拱矢 rise of arch起拱点 springing拱腹 soffit拱腹线 intrados拱背钱 extrados桥塔 bridge tower； pylon索平面 cable plane缆索 cable斜缆 stay cable； inclined cable吊缆 suspension cable索鞍 cable saddle索夹 cable band; cable clamp锚座 socket锚碇 anchorage明桥面 open deck； ballastless deck； open floor桥梁道碴槽 ballast trough道碴桥面 ballasted deck； ballasted floor 桥梁护轨 guard rail of bridge桥梁护木 guard timber of bridge桥枕 bridge tie； bridge sleeper桥上人行道 sidewalk on bridge步行板 foot plank避车台 refuge platform伸缩缝 expansion joint正交异性板 orthotropic plate栏杆 railing； handrail； handrailing泻水孔 drainage opening直结轨道 track fastened directly to steel girders抗剪连接件；抗剪结合件 shear connector支座 bearing固定支座 fixed bearing活动支座 expension bearing； movable bearing 平板支座 plate bearing摇轴芝座 rocker bearing滚轴支座 roller bearing 球面支座 spherical bearing板式橡胶支座 laminated rubber bearing盆式橡胶支座 pot rubber bearing聚四氯乙烯支座 poly—tetrafluoroedthylene bearing； PTFE bearing涡流激振 wortex-excited oscillation弛振 galloping颤振 flutter扰流板 spoiler风嘴 wind fairing桥梁自振周期natural vibration period of bridge浮运架桥法 bridge erection by floating架桥机架设法erection by bridge girder erecting equipment顶推式架设法erection by incremental launching拖拉架设法 launching method赝架式架设法 erection with scaffolding悬臂架设法 catilever erection； erection by protrusion悬臂灌注法cast—in—place cantilever construction; free cantilever segmental concreting with suspended formwork悬臂拼装法cantilevered assembling constrution； free cantilever erection with segments of precast concrete预制混凝土构件precast concrete units; precast concrete members活动模架逐跨施工法 segmental span-by—span construction using form traveller桥梁合龙 closure就地贯注法cast—in-place method；cast—in—situ method活动吊篮 travelling cradle顶进法 jack—in method旋转法施工;转体施工 erection by swing method 液压式张拉千斤顶 hydraulic tensioning jack 桥梁下部结构 substructure桥台 abutment重力式桥台 gravity abutment埋置式桥台 buried abutment锚定板式桥台 anchor slab abutmentU形桥台 U—shaped abutment耳墙式桥台abutment with cantilevered retaining wall台身 abutment body前墙 front wall台帽 abutment coping翼墙 wing wall锥体护坡 quadrant revetment; truncated cone banking台后填方 filling behind abutment桥墩 pier空心桥墩 hollow pier实体桥墩 solid pier重力式桥墩 gravity pier柔性桥墩 flexible pier拼装式桥墩 assembly pier； pier constructed with precast units制动墩 braking pier柱式桥墩 column pierV形桥墩 V-shaped pier圆端形桥墩 round-ended pier圆形桥墩 circular pier矩形桥墩 rectangular pier排架式桥墩 pile bent pier墩身 pier body； pier shaft墩帽 pier coping围栏railing around coping of pier or abutment承台 bearing platform破冰体 ice apron; ice-breaking cutwater； ice guard地基 foundation； foundation soil； subgrade 加固地基improved foundation; improved ground天然地基 natural foundation； natural ground 桥梁基础 bridge foundation扩大基础 spread foundation明挖基础open-cut foundation; open excavation foundation沉井基础 open caisson foundation浮式沉井基础 floating caisson foundation沉井刃脚 cutting edge of open caisson围堰 cofferdam双壁钢围堰钻孔基础double wall steel cofferdam bored foundation预制钢壳钻孔基础 prefabricated steel shell bored foundation泥浆套沉井法slurry jacket method for sinking caisson空气幕沉井法 air curtain method for sinking caisson沉箱基础 pneumatic caisson foundation管柱基础 tubular column foundation桩基础 pile foundation预制桩 precast pile就地灌注桩cast-in—place concrete pile; cast—in—situ concrete pile螺旋喷射桩 auger injected pile摩擦桩 friction pile支承桩 bearing pile钻孔桩 bored pile挖孔桩 dug pile钢桩 steel pile钢管桩 steel pipe pile钢板桩 steel sheet pile板桩 sheet pile木桩 timber pile钢筋混凝土桩 reinforced concrete pile砂桩 sand pile挤密砂桩 sand conpaction pile流砂 quick sand； drift sand送桩 pile follower试桩 test pile斜桩 batter pile； raking pile； spur pile 护筒 pile casting重锤夯实法 heavy tamping method灰土换填夯实法mothod of lime—soil replacement and tamping灌注水下混凝土underwater concreting；concreting with tremie method导流建筑物 regulating structure丁坝；挑水坝 spur dike顺坝 longitudinal dam河床铺砌 river bed paving码头 wharf排架 bent脚手架 scaffold悬空脚手架 hanging stage； hanging scaffold 七、铁路涵洞 railway culvert涵洞孔径 aperture of culvert管涵 pipe culvert箱涵 box culvert拱涵 arch culvert盖板涵 slab culvert无压力涵洞 inlet unsubmerged culvert压力式涵洞 outlet submerged culvert半压力式涵洞 inlet submerged culvert 明渠 open channel; open ditch; open drain 倒虹吸管 inverted siphon潮汐河流 tidal river淤积 silting； siltation流冰 ice drift铁路轮渡 railway car ferries轮渡站 ferry station轮渡栈桥 ferry trestle bridge渡轮 ferry boat轮渡引线；轮渡斜引道 ferry slip八、铁路隧道 railway tunnel山岭隧道 mountain tunnel越岭隧道 over mountain line tunnel水下隧道；水地隧道subaqueous tunnel；underwater tunnel地铁隧道 subway tunne； underground railway tunnel浅埋隧道shallow tunnel；shallow—depth tunnel; shallow burying tunnel深埋隧道 deep tunnel; deep—depth tunnel；deep burying tunnel单线隧道 single track tunnel双线隧道 double track tunnel多线隧道 multiple track tunnel车站隧道 station tunnel地铁车站 subway station; metro station特长隧道 super long tunnel长隧道 long tunnel中长隧道 medium tunnel短隧道 short tunnel隧道群 tunnel group地铁工程subway engineering；metro engineering洞口 tunne ladit; tunnel opening隧道进口 tunnel entrance。
铁路E
铁路工程英语常用词汇线路工程railway line engineering铁路勘测;铁道勘测railway reconnaissance铁路选线;铁道选线railway route selection;railway location;approximate railway location;location of railway route selection经济勘察 economic investigation地质调查geological survey;geologic survey方案比较project comparison铁路勘探;铁道勘探railway exploration铁路测量;铁道测量railway survey线路测量route survey;profile survey;longitudinal survey曲线测量curve survey既有线测量survey of existing line;survey of existing railway铁路线路图;铁道线路图railway map定线location of line铁路设计;铁道设计 railway design线路设计 track design平面设计 plane design纵断面设计longitudinal section design横断面设计transverse section design曲线设计 curve design车站设计 station design站场设计design of stations and yards标准设计standard design线路等级 line grade铁路限界;铁道限界railway clearance建筑限界construction clearance设计规范code of design设计标准design standard铁路线路;铁道线路 railway line铁路曲线;铁道曲线railway curve缓和曲线transition curve;easement curve;spiral transition curve小半径曲线small-radius curve曲线半径 curve radius曲线超高superelevation on curve;cant;elevation of curve欠超高inadequate superelevation;deficient superelevation未被平衡加速度unbalanced acceleration竖曲线 vertical curve坡道 gradient坡度 grade;gradient;slope限制坡度ruling grade;limiting grade坡度折减grade compensation;compensation of gradient;gradient compensation 避难线refuge siding;catch siding双线插入段double track interpolation铁路连接线;铁道连接线railway connecting line隧道内线路line in tunnel桥头引线bridge approach站线 siding站线长度length of station line铁路标志;铁道标志 railway sign警冲标fouling point indicator;fouling post线路中心线track center line;central lines of track线间距离;线间距distance between centres of lines;distance between centers of tracks;midway between tracks线路试验;线路实验track test;road test;running test路基 subgrade铁路路基;路基;铁道路基railway subgrade;subgrade软土路基soft soil subgrade沙漠路基desert subgrade冻土路基 permafrost subgrade膨胀土路基subgrade in swelling soil zone路基基床 subgrade bed路堤 embankment;fill高路堤 high-fill embankment路堑 cut;road cutting深路堑 deep cutting路肩 road shoulder;subgrade shoulder边坡 side slope护坡 revetment;slope protection;pitching路基滑动 subgrade slip滑坡防治landslide preventive treatment路基排水subgrade drainage塑料排水板plastic drainage board路基加固 subgrade strengthening土工织物 geotextile挡土墙;挡墙retaining walls锚定板 anchor plate锚杆 anchor bolt抗滑桩antiskid pile;anti-slide pile;counter-sliding pile加筋土 reinforced earth植被 vegetation路基防护subgrade protection防护工程protective engineering防护林protection forest防沙 sand proof固沙stabilization of sand输导砂 sediment transport路侧建筑物 roadside structure排水沟weeper drain;weep drain;drainage ditch;drain ditch 挡风墙wind-shield wall;wind-break wall隔声墙sound-proof wall防雪栅snow fence;snow guard轨道理论track theory轨道设计 track design轨道参数track parameter轨距track gauge;rail gage;rail gauge轨距加宽track gauge widening轨底坡cant of rail;rail cant轨道力学track dynamics;track mechanics轨道强度track strength轨道阻力 track resistance道床阻力trackbed resistance;ballast resistance扣固力 fastening force钢轨应力 rail stress轨道承载力track bearing capacity轨道稳定性track stability;stability of track轨道试验;轨道实验track test轮轨关系wheel-rail interaction;wheel-rail relation轮轨动力学wheel-rail dynamics轮轨作用力wheel-rail force轮轨接触 wheel-rail contact接触应力 contact stress轨道结构 track structure轨道 track铁路轨道;轨道;铁道轨道 railway track;track线路上部建筑;轨道 track superstructure;track重型轨道heavy track宽轨枕轨道broad sleeper track板式轨道slab track;slab-track整体道床轨道 monolithic roadbed track防振轨道 anti-vibration track高架轨道 elevated track无缝线路jointless line;continuously welded rail track;jointless track桥上轨道结构bridge deck track structure隧道内轨道结构track structure in tunnel钢轨 steel rail重型钢轨heavy rail长钢轨 long rail焊接长钢轨long welded rail缩短轨shortened rail;standard shortened rail;fabricated short rail used on curves;standard curtailed rail热处理钢轨heat-treated rail合金钢轨alloy steels rail旧钢轨used rail钢轨钢 rail steel钢轨螺栓孔rail bolt hole轨缝rail gap;joint gap钢轨焊缝rail welding seam钢轨接头 rail joint异型接头 compromise joint伸缩接头expansion joint焊接接头welding joint;welded joint绝缘接头track section insulator;insulated joint胶接接头adhesive joint鱼尾板 fish plate鱼尾螺栓 fish bolt扣件 fastening;rail fastening弹性扣件elastic fastening;elastic rail fastening弹条式扣件elastic rod type fastening分开式扣件separated fastening;separated rail fastening;indirect holding fastening 扣板式扣件 clip fastening刚性扣件rigid fastening垫圈 ring道钉spike;track spike;rail spike;dog spike螺纹道钉threading spike;screw spike垫板tie-plate;tie plate橡胶垫板rubber tie-plate;rubber tie plate防爬器anticreeper;anti-creeper;rail anchor轨距拉杆gauge tie rod轨下基础underrail foundation;sub-rail foundation;sub-rail track bed轨枕sleeper;tie;cross tie木枕wooden sleeper;wooden tie混凝土枕;砼枕concrete sleeper;concrete tie轨枕板;宽轨枕sleeper slab;broad sleeper钢枕steel sleeper;steel tie合成轨枕 composite sleeper纵向轨枕longitudinal tie岔枕points sleeper;switch tie;turnout tie桥枕bridge tie;bridge sleeper轨排track panel;track skeleton枕下胶垫rubber pad under sleeper道床track bed;ballast bed碎石道床 ballast bed整体道床monolithic track bed;solid bed;integrated ballast bed;monolithic concrete bed 沥青道床bituminous raodbed;asphalt roadbed;asphalt cemented ballast bed石棉道床asbestos ballast道碴 ballast道床覆盖ballast cover轨道附属设备track auxiliary equipment钢轨涂油器rail lubricator融雪器snow melter复轨器 replacer;re-railer;rerailing device脱轨器 derailer车挡 bumper;bumper post道岔switch;point;turnout;switches and crossings单开道岔single point;simple turnout;lateral turnout双开道岔 double turnout三开道岔three-throw turnout;symmetrical three throw turnout;three-way turnout交分道岔 slip switch高速道岔 high-speed switch切线型道岔tangent turnout道岔设计 turnout design过岔速度switch crossing speed辙叉 frog;crossing整铸辙叉integrated cast frog锰钢辙叉manganese steel frog crossing焊接辙叉welding frog crossing组合辙叉combined frog;assembled frog可动心轨辙叉movable point frog;movable-point frog可动翼轨辙叉movable wing rails;movable-wing frog。
铁路施工常用英文词汇
落石冲击力impact force of falling stone隧道埋置深度；埋深buried depth of tunnel地温梯度geothermal dradient地应力crustal stress预留变形量deformation allowance暗挖法subsurface excavation method明挖法open-cut method矿山法mining method; mine tunneling method钻眼爆破法drilling and blasting method新奥法New Austrian Tunnelling Method；NATM喷锚构筑法shotcrete—bolt construction method掘进机法tunnel boring machine method盾构法shield method沉管法immersed tunnelling method地下连续墙法underground diaphragm wall method; underground wall method；diaphragm wall method全断面开挖法full-face tunnelling method分部开挖法partial excavation method台阶法benching tunnelling method正台阶法positive benching tunnelling method反台阶法negative benching tunnelling method导坑heading上下导坑法top and bottom heading method上导坑法top-heading method漏斗棚架法hopper—shed support tunnelling method蘑菇形开挖法mushroom-type tunnelling method侧壁导坑法side heading method单侧导坑法single side heading method双侧导坑法twin—side heading method品字形导坑法top and twin—side bottom heading method眼睛式开挖法spectacles type tunnelling method超前导坑advance heading扩大enlargement拉槽pull trough；trench excavated马口excavation of side wall at intervals控制爆破controlled blasting光面爆破smooth blasting预裂爆破presplit blasting先墙后拱法side wall first lining method先拱后墙法arch first lining method；flying arch method开挖工作面excavated surface; excavated work face超挖overbreak欠挖underbreak找顶top cleaning出碴mucking and removing有轨运输track transportation无规运输trackless transportation拱圈封顶closing the toop of lining墙顶封口seal；seal at the top of wall喷射混凝土回弹rebound of shotcrete隧道贯通tunnel holing—through隧道贯通误差tunnel through error隧道贯通面tunnel through plane临时支护temporary support构件支撑member support钢拱支撑steel arch support喷射混凝土支护shotcrete support锚杆支护anchor bolt support喷锚支护shotcrete and rock bolt support系统锚杆system anchor bolt超前支护advance support超前锚杆advance anchor bolt插板支护inserting plate support；forepoling小导管预注浆pre—grouting with small duct管棚支护pipe—shed support；pipe roofing support格构拱；钢花拱;格棚拱trellis arch；lattice arch喷射混凝土shotcrete；spray concrete干喷混凝土dry shotcreting湿喷混凝土wet shotcreting潮喷混凝土;半湿喷混凝土half set shotcreting喷射钢纤维混凝土steel fiber shotcrete；steel fiber reinforced shotcrete 防水混凝土waterproof concrete预切槽precutting trough辅助坑道service gallery竖井shaft斜井inlined shaft横洞transverse gallery平行导坑parallel heading横通道transverse passage—way调查坑道investigation gallery; survey tunnel竖井联系测量shaft connection survey隧道防水waterproofing of tunnel防水等级classification of waterproof防水层waterproof layer防水板waterproof board; waterproof sheet防水涂层waterproofing coating隧道压浆pressure grouting of tunnel止水带water stop tie盲沟blind ditch泻水洞drain cavern；drain tunnel隧道运营通风permanent ventilation of tunnel自然通风natural ventilation机械通风mechanical ventilation风道式通风ventilation by air passage隧道通风帘幕ventilation curtain列车活塞作用piston action of train隧道射流式通风tunnel efflux ventilation；tunnel injector type ventilation隧道通风试验tunnel ventilation test隧道施工通风construction ventilation of tunnel风管式通风ventilation by pipes巷道式通风ventilation by ducts隧道照明tunnel illumination；tunnel lighting隧道防灾设施tunnel anti—disaster equipment避车洞refuge hole; refuge recess；refuge niche隧道火灾tunnel fire hazard隧道报警装置tunnel warning equipment隧道消防系统tunnel fire—fighting system隧道瓦斯爆炸tunnel gas explosion隧道监控量测tunnel monitoring measurement隧道地表沉降tunnel ground subsidence隧道拱顶下沉tunnel arch top settlement隧道底鼓tunnel floor heave隧道周边位移tunnel perimeter deflection隧道地中位移tunnel surrounding mass deflection隧道改建tunnel reconstruction隧道落底under cut of tunnel隧道挑顶top picking of tunnel隧道套拱cover arch of tunnel施工调查construction investigation施工准备construction preparation征地expropriation拆迁removing租地rented land交接桩delivery—receiving stake施工复测construction repetition; repetive survey；construction repetition survey 测量放样staking out in survey土石方调配cut—fill transition土石方体积图；土积图volume diagram of earth—rock work隐蔽工程hidden project；hidden construction work废弃工程abandoned project；abandoned construction work工程运输engineering transportation冬季施工cold weather construction；winter season construction雨季施工raining season construction; rainy season construction工程招标calling for tenders of project；calling for tending of project工程投标bidding for project工程报价project quoted price工程发包contracting out of project工程承包contracting of project工程监理supervision of construction；supervision of project总预算total budget单项预算individual budget建筑业总产值total output of building industry指导性施工组织设计design for guiding construction organization；guiding design for construction scheme实施性施工组织设计design for practical construction organization；practical design ofr construction scheme；operative construction organization design临时工程temporary project大型临时工程large-scale temporary project小型临时工程small-scale temporary project过渡工程transition project控制工程dominant project关键工程key project辅助设施auxiliary facilities通车期限time limit for opening to traffic施工总工期total time of construction；total construction time施工组织方案construction scheme开工报告report on starting of construction work；commencement report of construction work；construction starting report竣工报告completion repport of construction work施工计划管理planned manangement of construction网络计划技术network planning technique施工工艺流程construction technology process；construction process工法制度construction method system施工产值construction output value施工利润construction profit施工机械利用率utilization ratio of construction machinery施工机械完好率ratio of construction machinery in good condition施工形象进度construction figuue progress；figurative progress of construction work挖掘机excavating machine；excavator单斗挖土机power shovel索铲挖土机dragline反铲挖土机backhoe蛤壳式抓斗clamshell bucket推土机bulldozer铲运机scoper；scraper；carrying scraper装载机loader带式输送机belt conveyer平地机grader振动碾压机vibration compactor vibration roller压路机roller潜孔钻机diving drill凿岩机air hammer drill; rock drill碎石机crusher挖沟机trench cutting machine；trenching machine；trencher塔式起重机tower crane; column crane汽车式起重机automobile crane；autocrane；truck crane轮胎式起重机rubber tired crane；rough—terrain crane履带式起重机crawler crane；caterpiller crane轨道起重机track crane; rail crane浮式起重机；浮吊floating crane缆索起重机cable crane空中索道aerial ropway电动卷扬机electric winch电动吊车；电动葫芦electric hoist千斤顶jack打桩机pile driver蒸汽打桩机steam pile driver；steam pile hammer柴油打桩机diesel pile driver液压打桩机hydraulic pile driver振动打桩机vibrating pile driver；vibratory driver振动沉拨桩机vibro-driver extractor静压力拨桩机static pressure pile extractor；static pressure pile drawing machine 履带式桩架crawler pile frame旋转式钻机swiveling drill machine；rotary drill machine灌水钻机diving drill machine套管钻机drill machine with casting冲击式钻机impact-type drill machine；percussion type drill machine离心水泵centrifugal pump真空水泵vacuum pump深井水泵deep well pump轴流水泵axial flow pump清水泵driving pump往复式空气压缩机reciprocating compressor螺杆式空气压缩机screw compressor单转子滑片式空压机single rotary compressor水泥输送泵cement pump混凝土搅拌机concrete mixer鼓筒式混凝土搅拌机drum concrete mixer锥形反转出料混凝土搅拌机tapered reverse tilting concrete mixer锥形倾翻出料混凝土搅拌机tapered tilting concrete mixer强制式混凝土搅拌机forced concrete mixer混凝土搅拌楼concrete mixing plant简易混凝土搅拌站simple concrete mixing plant混凝土搅拌运输车concrete mixing and transporting car；truck mixer; transit mixer 混凝土输送泵concrete pump混凝土泵车concrete pump truck混凝土吊斗concrete lifting bucket钢筋调直机bar straightener钢筋切断机bar cutter钢筋弯曲机bar bender钢筋冷拉机bar cold—drawing machine插入式混凝土振捣器immersion type vibrator for concrete附着式混凝土振捣器attached type vibrator for concrete；attached type vibrator平板式混凝土振捣器plate vibrator混凝土振动台concrete vibrating stand长线张拉台座stretching bed for longline production斜撑桅杆式架梁起重机cross stay derrick girder erecting machine全回转式架梁起重机full circle girderr erecting crane双悬臂式架桥机double cantilever girder—erecting machine单梁式架桥机single beam girder-erecting machine双梁式架桥机double beam girder—erecting machine组拼式架桥机assembly type girer—erecting machine造桥机bridge fabrication machine工程船舶engineering ship; engineering vessel舟桥bateau bridge浮箱floating box; pontoon万能杆件fabricated universal steel members模板form组合钢模板combined steel formwork滑动模板slip form爬升模板climbing shuttering砌拱支架;碗扣式脚手架soffit scaffolding风镐air pick；pneumatic pick凿岩台车;钻孔台车rock drilling jumbo立爪式装岩机vertical claw rock loader蟹爪式装岩机crab rock loader梭式矿车shutter car槽式列车bunker train电瓶车storage battery car斗车bucker loader大型矿车large scale ore car装岩机rock loader干喷混凝土机dry shotcreting machine湿喷混凝土机wet shotcreting machine半湿喷混凝土机half wet shotcreting machine喷射混凝土机械手shotcrete manipulator风动凿岩机pneumatic rock drill手持式凿岩机portable rock drill；jack hammer通风机ventilating set；ventilating machine; ventilator注浆机grouting machine; grouter注浆泵grouting pump；injection pump隧道衬砌模板台车working jumbo for tunnel lining；tunnelling shutter jumbo for tunnel lining 隧道掘进机tunnel boring machine；TBM盾构shield接触网架线车installation vehicle for contact wire接触网作业车operation vehicle for contract wire自卸汽车dumping truck斗式提升机bucket elevator安全技术措施safety techincal measures安全教育safety education事故报告accident report灾害性地质disaster geology突泥projecting mud soil突水gushing water冒顶roof fall岩爆rock burst瓦斯突出gas projection瓦斯浓度gas density; gas consistency掏底开挖；挖神仙土cut the vertical earthwork bottom施工防护construction protection线路封锁track blockade；closure of track；traffic interruption防护音响信号protecting acoustic signal覆盖防护covered protection近体防护nearby protection安全标志safety mark；safety symbol; safety indicator停车防护stopping train protection；standing train protection安全距离safety distance人员掩蔽所hiding-place for personnel待遇所refuge place安全地点safety place安全帽safety cap；safety helmet安全绳safety rope safety strap安全网safety net保险带safety belt安全梯emergency staircase；fire escape防护栏杆protecction railing安全用电safety in utilizing electric energy安全电压safety voltage消防设施fire—fighting equipment防火门fire protection gate消防器材fire-fighting apparatus and materials隔火带fire protection strip防火净距fire protection distance瓦斯治理gas control安全炸药safety explosion；explosive charge; safety explosive湿式凿岩wet boring for rock；wet drilling for rock防尘dust prevention; dust control防滑鞋antiskid shoe绝缘鞋insulant shoe防坠器falling protector阻车器stop device安全装置safety device；safety equipment救生设施lifesaving appliance防雷装置lighting protection device保护地线protective earth wire保护接地protective grounding触电保安器electric shock protector防爆设施blasting protection facilities质量管理quality management质量保证quality assurance质量控制quality control质量体系quality system质量监督quality surperintendence; quality surveillance工程质量检验inspection of engineering quality隐蔽工程检查hidden project inspection取样试验检查sampling inspection自测visual measurement；visual observation丈量measure仪器检查inspect by instrument全验overall acceptance抽验selective acceptance工程质量评定evaluation of engineering quality工程质量验收acceptance of engineerying quality随工验收acceptance following construction；follow—up acceptance 中间验收intermediate acceptance缺陷工程defect project；drawback project合格工程qualified project样板工程sample project优质工程;优良工程high grade project；high quality project施工验收delivery-receiving acceptance工务段track division；track district；track maintenance division养路领工区track subdivision；track maintenance subdivision养路工区track maintenance section；permanent way gang养路领工员track master；track supervisor养路工长track foreman养路工trackman; machine operator; track machanics巡道工track walker；track patrolling man道口看守工grade crossing watchman；level crossing watchman桥隧巡守工bridge and tunnel watchman；bridge and tunnel patrolling man轨道；线路上部建筑track轨道类型classification of track; track standard轨道结构track structure有碴轨道ballasted track无碴轨道ballastless track线路track；permanent way有缝线路jointed track无缝线路continuously welded rail track; jointless track长轨线路long welded rail track轨排track panel；track skeleton轨节rail link长轨条long rail string轨道几何形位track geometry轨距加宽gauge widening螺旋曲线spiral curve clothold curve三次抛物线曲线cubic parabola curve曲线超高superelevation cant；elevation of curve欠超高deficient superlevation过超高surplus superelevation；excess elevation反超高reverse superelevation；counter superelevation；negative superelevation 未本平衡离心加速度unbalaned cenrifugal acceleraion曲线正矢curve versine轨道力学track mechanics轨道动力学track dynamics轨道强度计算track strength analysis轨道几何状态恶化track deterioration轨道失效track failure轨道框架刚度rigidity of track panel道床系数ballast coefficient；ballast modulus钢轨基础模量rail supporting modulus ；track moulus钢轨支点弹性模量modulus of elasticity of rail support轨道应力track stresses轨道稳定性stability of track接头阻力joint resistance道床阻力ballast resistance扣件扣压力toe load of fastening轮/轨接触应力rail/wheel contact stress钢轨rail轨头rail head轨腰rail web轨底rail base; rail bottom淬火轨head hardened rail ；quenched rail合金轨alloy steel rail合金淬火轨head hardened alloy steel rail ；quenched alloy耐磨轨wear resistant rail耐腐蚀轨corrosion resistant rail标准长度钢轨standard length rail短轨short rail缩短轨standardshortened rail ；fabricated short rail used on curves；sandard curtailed rail异形轨compromise rail护轨guard rail；check rail轨底坡rail cant钢轨工作边gage line轨缝；接头缝rail gap；joint gap构造轨缝structural joint gap ；maximum joint gap structurally obtainable钢轨接头rail joint相对接头opposite joint ；square joint相错式接头；相互式接头alternate joint ；staggered joint ; broken joint垫接接头；承接接头supported joint悬接接头suspended joint绝缘接头insulated joint胶结绝缘接头glued insulated joint焊接接头welded joint冻结接头frozen joint异形接头compromise joint钢轨伸缩调节器；温度调节器expansion rail joint；rail expansion device；swith expansion joint接头联结零件rail joint accessories ；rail joint fastenings接头夹板；鱼尾板joint bar ; splice bar ；fish plate平型双头夹板flat joint bar轨头地面接触夹板；锲型接头夹板head contact flat joint bar轨腹上圆弧接触夹板；铰型接头夹板head free flat joint bar带裙鱼尾板aproned fish plate；fish plate with apron异型接头夹板compromise joint bar接头螺栓；鱼尾螺栓track blolt ;fish bolt钩螺栓claw bolt ；hook bolt ;anchor bolt扣件；中间联结零件rail fastening分开式扣件separated rail fastening ；indirect holding fastening不分开式扣件nonseparated rail fastening ；direct holding fastening半分开式扣件semi—separaed rail fastening ; mixed holding fastening弹性扣件elasic rail fastening道钉；狗头钉；钩头钉track spike ；rail spike ;dog spike弹簧道钉elastic rail spike螺纹道钉screw spike螺栓螺纹钉bolt-screw spike硫磺锚固sulphur cement mortar anchor ；sulphur cement mortar anchorage 垫板tie plate橡胶垫板；弹性垫板rubber tie plate衬垫pad冻害垫板frost heave board；track shim for frost heaving roadbed ；frost shim 弹簧垫圈spring washer防爬器anti-creeper；rail anchor穿销防爬器wedged rail anchor弹簧防爬器spring rail anchor防爬支撑anti—creep strut轨撑rail brace轨距杆gage tie bar；gage rod ；gage tie绝缘轨距杆insulated gage rod轨下基础sub-rail foundation ；sub-rail track bed轨枕tie；cross tie ；sleeper宽混凝土轨枕；轨枕板broad concrete tie纵向轨枕longitudinal tie板式轨道slab—track木枕；枕木wooden tie油枕treated wooden tie素枕untreated wooden tie钢枕steel tie混凝土枕concrete tie岔枕switch tie ;turnout tie短枕short tie ；block tie枕盒crib道床ballast bed整体道床solid bed；integrated ballast bed; monolithic concrete bed沥青道床asphalt cemented ballast bed道碴层;道碴床ballast layer道碴ballast［NextPage]铁路建设常用英语单词道碴级配ballast grading洛杉叽磨损实验Los Angeles abrasion test碎石道碴stone ballast矿碴道碴slag ballast卵石道碴gravel ballast砂道碴sand ballast底碴subballast道床厚度thickness of ballast bed;depth of ballast道床宽度width of ballast bed道床碴肩shoulder of ballast bed轮轨游间clearance between wheel flange and gage line曲线内接inscribed to curves自由内接free inscribing强制内接compulsory inscribing楔形内接wedging inscribing静力内接static inscribing动力内接dynamic inscribing轨道不平顺track irregularity静态不平顺static track irregularity；irregularity without load动态不平顺dynamic track irregularity轨道几何尺寸容许公差track geometry tolerances轨道变形track deformation;track disorder;track distortion轨道残余变形track residual deformation；track permanent deformation 弹性挤开gage elastically widened；elastic squeeze-out轨道水平;左右水平track cross level轨道方向track alignment轨道前后高低；前后高低longitudinal level of rail；track profile三角坑；扭曲twist warp轨道明坑visile pit of track；visible low spot of track；track depression 翻浆冒泥mud—pumping钢轨低接头depressed joint;battered foint of rail接头瞎缝closed joint;tight joint大轨缝excessive joint gap；wide joint gap线路爬行track creeping轨头波纹磨损corrugation of rail head；rail corrugation轨头短波浪磨损short wave undulation of rail head轨头长波浪磨损long wave undulation of rail head轨头马鞍形磨损rail end batter；saddle wear of rail end轨头肥边flow of rail head；lipping of rail head错牙接头rail ends unevenness in line or surface钢轨伤损rail defects and failures钢轨擦伤engine burn；wheel burn钢轨锈蚀rail corrosion白点flake crack；shatter crack;small nucleus fissure核伤nucleus flaw;oval flaw轨头剥离gage line shelly cracks轨头掉块spalling of rail head轨头压溃crushing of rail head轨头垂直劈裂vertical split of rail head轨头微细波纹detail fracture of rail head轨端崩裂rail end breakage钢轨打标记branding ＆stamping of rails轨端削角；轨端倒棱rail end chamfering螺栓孔削角;螺栓孔倒棱bolt hole chamfering螺栓孔加强bolt hole cold—working strenthening轨头水平劈裂horizontal split of rail head轨腰劈裂piped rail ；split of rail web钢轨裂纹rail cracks轨头发裂head checks ；hair crack of rail head轨底崩裂burst of rail base;burst of rail bottom ；broken rail base钢轨折断brittle fractures of rail ; sudden rupture of rail钢轨落锤试验drop test of rail螺孔裂纹bolt hole crack线路大修major repair of reack ；overhaul of track ；track renewal线路中修intermediate repair of track线路维修maintenance of track找小坑spot surfacing全面起道捣固out—of—face surfacing起道raising of track ；track lifting落道under cutting of track ；lowering of track垫砂起道measured shovel packing改道gage correction ；gaging of track拨道track lining整正水平adjusting of cross level整正曲线curve adjusting；curve lining绳正法整正曲线string lining of curve绳度整正曲线计算器string lining computer ；string—line calculator调整轨缝；均匀轨缝adjusting of rail gaps；evenly distributing joint gaps 整正规缝dispersal of rail gaps；adjusting joint gaps up to standard矫直钢轨staightening of kinked rail焊修钢轨；堆焊钢轨resurfacing of rail打磨钢轨rail grinding轨头整形rail head reprofiling轨头非对称断面打磨asymmetrical rail head profile grinding方正轨枕tie respacing ；squaring of ties削平木枕tie adzing修补木枕tie repairing木枕防腐preservation of wooden tie木枕预钻孔preboring of wooden tie ; preboring of spike holes木枕刻痕incising of wooden tie枕木塞tie plug木枕防裂装置anti splitting device捣固道床ballast tamping夯实道床ballast ramming ；ballast consolidating清筛道床ballast cleaning整理道床ballast trimming锁定轨温fastening—down temperature of rail零应力轨温strss free rail temperature中和轨温neutral temperature放散温度力destressing ；stress liberation温度力temperature stress温度力峰temperature stress peak轨道鼓出临界温度critical temperature of track buckling伸缩区；呼吸区breathing zone缓冲区buffer zone；transition zone固定区nonbreathing zone ；fixd zone ；deformation —free zone调节轨buffer rail气压焊oxyacetylene pressure welding电阻焊flash butt welding铝热焊thrmlt welding周转轨inventory stock备用轨stock rails per kilometer of track；emergency rail stored along the way再用轨second hand rail ；relaying rail顺坡run—off elevation作业标志working signal停车牌red board; stop indicator慢行牌yellow board ；speed indicator线路标志road way signs ；permanent公里标kilometer post曲线标curve post坡度标grade post桥梁标bridge post隧道标tunnel post管界标section sign钢轨位移观测桩rail creep indication posts鸣笛标whistle board线路中断line interruption施工封闭线路line occupation for works封闭线路作业时间；开天窗作业时间works occupation time ；working time of closed sectin 列车空隙作业时间working time between trains养路表报maintenance -of-way report and forms；track work forms工务设备台帐technical record of track ；bridge and other equipments养路管理电脑系统computer aided track maintenance and management system线路平剖面图track charts养路费用maintenance of way expenditures线路维修规则rules of maintenance of way轨道养护标准standards of track main tenance换算线路长度equibalent track kilometerage轨检车评分track evaluatin by recording car；evaluation by track inspection car轨道质量指数track quality index平面交叉level crossing立体交叉grade separation道囗grade crossing；level crossing道囗铺面grade crossing pavement ；surface of grade crossing道囗平台level stretch of grade crossing道囗警标warning sign at grade crossing道囗栏木cross barrier at grade crossing道囗栅栏side barrier at grade crossing道囗护桩protective stake atgrade crossing限界架clearance limit frame道岔turnout ；switches and crossings单开道岔simple turnout ；; lateral turnout单式对称道岔；双开道岔symmetrical double curve turnout ；equilateral turnout单式不对称道岔；不对称双开道岔unsymmetrical double curve turnout ；unequilateral turnout 单式同侧道岔unsymmetrical double curve turnout in the same direction三开道岔stmmetrical three throw turnout ;three-way turnout不对称三开道岔unsymmetrical three—way turnout ; unsymmetrical three throw tunout左开道岔left hand turnout右开道岔right hand turnout交叉crossing菱形交叉diamond crossing直角交叉rectangular crossing ; square crossing交分道岔slip switch单式交分道岔single slip switches复式交分道岔double slip switches渡线crossover交叉渡线scissors crossing ；double crossover平行渡线parallel crossover梯线ladder track套线道岔mixed gage turnout道岔主线main line of turnout ; main track of turnout ；turnout main道岔侧线branch line of turnout ；branch track of turnout turnout branch导曲线lead curve导曲线半径radius of lead curve导曲线支距offset of lead curve道岔中心center of turnout辙叉frog;crossing辙叉角frog angle辙叉号数frog number道岔号数turnout number道岔始端beginning of turnout道岔终端end of turnout尖轨switch rail tongue rail；blade直线尖轨straight seitch曲线尖轨curved switch尖轨理论尖端theoretical point of switch rail尖轨尖端actual point of switch rail尖轨跟端heel of swith rail曲线出岔道岔turnout from curved track辙叉心轨理论尖端theoretical point of frog辙叉心轨尖端actual point of frog辙叉趾端toe end of frog ；frog toe辙叉跟端heel end of frog；frog heel道岔基线reference line of turnout道岔全长total length of turnout道岔理论长度theoretical length of turnout道岔实际长度actual length of turnout道岔理论导程theoretical lead of turnout道岔前部理论长度front part theoretical legth of turnout道岔后部理论长度rear part theoretical length of turnout道岔后部实际长度rear part actual length of turnout尖轨长度length of switch rail辙叉趾长toe length of frog辙叉跟长heel length of frog辙叉趾宽toe spread of frog辙叉跟宽heel s[read of frog尖轨动程throw of switch护轨与心轨的查照间隔check gage护背距离guard rail face gage；back gage辙叉有害空间gap in the frog ；open throat; unguarded flange-way转辙角switch angle辙叉咽喉throat of frog轮缘槽flange—way；flange clearance转辙器switch可弯式尖轨转辙器flexible switch间隔铁式尖轨转辙器loose heel switch高锰钢整铸辙叉solid manganese steel frog；cast manganese steel frog钢轨组合辙叉bolred rigid frog；assembled frog可动心轨辙叉movable-point frog可动翼轨辙叉movable-wing frog钝角辙叉obtuse frog锐角辙叉end frog; acute frog曲线辙叉curved frog基本轨stock rail密贴尖轨closed switch rail；close contact between switch point and stock rail淬火尖轨surface—hardened switch rail；quenched switch rail特种断面尖轨special heavy section switch rail；tongue rail made of special section rail；full-wed section switch rail翼轨wing rail心轨point rail；nose rail道岔护轨turnout guard rail尖轨护轨switch point guard rail尖轨保护器switch protector道岔拉杆switch rod；stretcher bar道岔连接杆connecting bar; following stretcher bar间隔铁filler；spacer block尖轨补强板reinforcing bar滑床板slide plate；switch plate线路机械permanent way machine线路机具permanent way tool路基机械subgrade machine；machine for roadway work轨道机械track machine道碴机械ballast machine捣固机械tamping machine夯实机械ballast consolidating machine道碴清筛机械ballast cleaning machine轨行式装运机械rail-mounted handling and transportation machine轨道检测设备track geometry measuring device安全防护设备safety protection equipment线路清理机械permanent way clearing machine公铁两用线路机械rail/road permanent way machine大型线路机械；重型线路机械heavy permanent way machine；large permanent way machine 小型线路机械；轻型线路机械light permanent way machine ;small permanent way machine拨道机track lining machine拨道器track lining tool起道机track lifting起道器rail jack；track jack起拔道机track lifting and lining machine起拔道器track lifting and lining tool钢轨钻孔机rail drilling machine钢轨钻孔器rail drilling tool磨轨机rail grinding machine磨轨车rail grinding car磨轨列车rail grinding train锯轨机rail cutting machine ；rail sawing machine轨缝调整器rail gap adjuster ；rail puller钢轨拉伸器rail tensor直轨器rail straightening tool ；rail straightener平轨器rail bending tool ；rail bender钢轨刨边机rail-head edges planing machine钢轨推凸机rail weld seam shearing machine钢轨推凸器rail shearing device机动螺钉；螺栓板手rail screw—bolt power wrench地面钢轨凃油器on-track rail lubricator车载钢轨凃油器on-board rail lubricator焊轨机rail welding machine轨枕抽换机tie replacing machine木枕钻孔机wooden tie drilling machine打道钉机spike driver起道钉机spike puller混凝土枕螺栓钻取机concrete tie dowel drilling and pulling machine方枕器tie respacer木枕削平机wooden sleeper adzing machine手提电动捣固机；电镐portable electric tamper；hand electric tamper手提风动捣固机porable pneumatic tamper手提内然捣固机portable gasoline—powered tamper小型液压捣固机light hydraulic tamping machine液压捣固机；液压捣固车hydraulic tamping machine配碴整形机ballast distributing and regulating machine道碴犁ballast plow扒碴机crib ballast removers收碴机ballast recoliecting machine枕间夯实机crib consolidating machine道床边坡夯实机ballast shouder consolidating machine全断面道床夯实机full section ballast consolidating machine道床底碴夯实机subballast consolidating machine动力稳定机dynamic track stabilizer边坡清筛机ballast shouder cleaning machine大型全断面清筛机large ballast undercutting cleaners；on—track full section undercutting cleaners中型清筛机medium ballast undercutting cleaners大揭盖清筛机ballast cleaning machine eith removed track panels小型枕底清筛机small ballast undercutting cleaners轻型轨道车light rail motor car ；light motor trolley重型轨道车heavy rail motor car；heavy motor trolley发电轨道车power generating rail car发电走行两用车self-propelled power generating car轨道平车rail flat car长钢轨运输作业列车long welded rail transporting and working train铺轨机track laying machine轨行式起重机crane on-track ；rail-mounted crane悬臂式铺轨排机track panel laying machine with cantilever悬臂式铺轨机rail laying machine with cantilever门式铺轨排机track panel lating gantry crane铺轨列车track laying train工程宿营车work train with camp cars轨道检查车track recording car ；track inspection car轨道检查小车track geometry measuring trolley桥梁试验车bridge test car钢轨探伤车rail flaw detection car钢轨探伤仪rail flaw detector钢轨磨损检查车rail profile measuring car钢轨磨损检查仪rail profile gauge列车速度检查仪train speed monitoring device列车接近报警器train approach wairning device限界检测车clearance car ; clearance inspection car塌方落石报警器land slide warning device除雪机snow removing machine；snow remover道岔熔冰器sewitch heater除砂机sand removing machine开沟机ditcher开沟平路机track shaving machine ；ditching and grading machine 灌木切割机brush cutting machine ；brush cutter除草机weeding cutting machine ; weed cutter喷洒除草机weed killing machine weed killer万能道尺universal rail gage道钉锤spike hammer撬棍lining bar ；claw bar轨道水平尺track level螺栓扳手track wrenches单轨小车hand cart地表排水surface drainage地下排水subsurface drainage过滤层filter路基松软soft spots of road bed滑坡landslip; landslide坍方slide ；slip蠕变creep；crawl崩塌collapse；toppling冲刷erosion ; scouring落石rock fall泥石流warth flow；debris flow ; mud and rock flow冻害frost heaving雪崩snow slip ；snow slide；snow avalanche道碴槽ballast tub道碴箱ballast box道碴袋ballast pocket道碴巢ballast nest路基下沉subgrade settlement煤矿沉陷mining subsidence。
铁路工程常用英语词汇（2）
铁路工程常用英语词汇（2）铁路工程常用英语词汇旱桥 dry bridge人行桥 foot bridge; pedestrian bridge圬工桥 masonry bridge钢桥 steel bridge铆接钢桥 riveted steel bridge栓焊钢桥 bolted and welded steel bridge全焊钢桥 all welded steel bridge摩擦结合式高强度螺栓 high strength friction grip bolt扭剪式高强度螺栓 torshear type high strength blot螺栓示功扳手 bolt wrench with indicator混凝土桥 concrete bridge钢筋混凝土桥 reinforced concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥 prestressed concrete bridge先张法预应力梁 pretensioned prestressed concrete girder后张法预应力梁 post-tensioned prestressed concrete girder 部分预应力混凝土桥 partially prestressed concrete bridge结合梁桥 composite beam bridge低高度梁 shallow girder无碴无枕梁 girder without ballast and sleeper型钢混凝土梁;劲性骨架混凝土梁 girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete; skeleton reinforced concrete girder 简支梁桥 simply supported beam bridge连续梁桥 continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥 cantilever beam bridge板桥 slab bridge空心板桥 hollow slab bridge板梁 plate girder工形梁 I-beam箱形梁 box girder槽形梁 trough girder桁架 truss拆装式桁架 demountable truss刚架桥;刚构桥 rigid frame bridge斜腿刚架桥;斜腿刚构桥strutted beam bridge; slant-legged rigid frame bridge悬板桥;悬带桥 stressed ribbon bridge悬索桥;吊桥 suspension bridge斜拉桥 cable-stayed bridge浮桥 pontoon bridge; floating bridge; bateau bridge拱桥 arch bridge固端拱;无铰拱 fixed-end arch双铰拱 two-hinged arch三铰拱 three-hinged arch实腹拱 spandrel-filled arch; solid-spandrel arch空腹拱 open-spandrel arch双曲拱 two-way curved arch; cross-curved arch系杆拱;柔性系杆刚性拱 tied arch榔格尔式桥;刚性系杆柔性拱桥Langer bridge; flexible arch bridge with rigid tie洛泽式桥;直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥Lohse bridge; rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders尼尔森桥 Nielsen systen bridge尼尔森式骆泽梁桥;斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥Nielsen type Lhse bridge; rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders 活动桥 movable bridge竖旋桥 bascule bridge平旋桥 swing bridge升降桥 lift bridge正交桥 right bridge斜交桥 skew bridge曲线桥 curved bridge曲梁 curved beam特大桥 super maior bridge大桥 major bridge中桥 medium bridge小桥 minor bridge单线桥 single track bridge双线桥 double track bridge多线桥 multi-track bridge正桥; 主桥 main bridge引桥 approach spans上承式桥 deck bridge半穿式桥;中承式 half through bridge; midheight deck bridge 下承式桥 through bridge双层桥 double-deck bridge永久性桥 permanent bridge临时性桥;便桥 temporary bridge跨径;跨度 span净跨 clear spam桥梁全长 overall length of bridge桥下净空 underneath clearance主梁中心距 center to center distance between main girder 节间长度 panel length梁高 depth of girder拱度 camber挠度 deflection节间 panel锚跨;锚孔 anchor span悬跨;吊孔 suspended span桥梁上部结构 superstructure腹板 web plate翼缘 flange翼缘板 flange plate弦杆 chord member腹杆 web member斜杆 diagonal member竖杆 vertical member吊杆 suspender hanger加劲杆 stiffener节点 panel point节点板 gusset plate拼接板 splice plate缀条 lacing bar缀板 stay plate; tie plate侧向水平联结系 lateral bracing横联 sway bracing制动撑架 braking bracing桥门架 portal frame纵梁 stringer横梁 floor beam; transverse beam桥面系 floor system端横梁 end floor beam起重横梁 jacking floor beam梁端缓冲梁 auxiliary girder for controlling angle change应变时效 strain ageing碳当量 carbon equivalent双壁钢围堰钻孔基础double wall steel cofferdam boredfoundation预制钢壳钻孔基础 prefabricated steel shell bored foundation 泥浆套沉井法 slurry jacket method for sinking caisson空气幕沉井法 air curtain method for sinking caisson沉箱基础 pneumatic caisson foundation管柱基础 tubular column foundation桩基础 pile foundation预制桩 precast pile就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile; cast-in-situ concrete pile螺旋喷射桩 auger injected pile摩擦桩 friction pile支承桩 bearing pile钻孔桩 bored pile挖孔桩 dug pile钢桩 steel pile钢管桩 steel pipe pile钢板桩 steel sheet pile板桩 sheet pile木桩 timber pile钢筋混凝土桩 reinforced concrete pile砂桩 sand pile挤密砂桩 sand conpaction pile流砂 quick sand; drift sand送桩 pile follower试桩 test pile斜桩 batter pile; raking pile; spur pile护筒 pile casting重锤夯实法 heavy tamping method灰土换填夯实法mothod of lime-soil replacement andtamping灌注水下混凝土underwater concreting; concreting with tremie method导流建筑物 regulating structure丁坝;挑水坝 spur dike顺坝 longitudinal dam河床铺砌 river bed paving码头 wharf排架 bent脚手架 scaffold悬空脚手架 hanging stage; hanging scaffold铁路涵洞 railway culvert涵洞孔径 aperture of culvert管涵 pipe culvert箱涵 box culvert拱涵 arch culvert盖板涵 slab culvert无压力涵洞 inlet unsubmerged culvert压力式涵洞 outlet submerged culvert半压力式涵洞 inlet submerged culvert明渠 open channel; open ditch; open drain倒虹吸管 inverted siphon潮汐河流 tidal river淤积 silting; siltation流冰 ice drift铁路轮渡 railway car ferries轮渡站 ferry station轮渡栈桥 ferry trestle bridge渡轮 ferry boat轮渡引线;轮渡斜引道 ferry slip铁路隧道 railway tunnel山岭隧道 mountain tunnel越岭隧道 over mountain line tunnel水下隧道;水地隧道 subaqueous tunnel; underwater tunnel地铁隧道 subway tunne; underground railway tunnel浅埋隧道shallow tunnel; shallow-depth tunnel; shallow burying tunnel深埋隧道deep tunnel; deep-depth tunnel; deep burying tunnel单线隧道 single track tunnel双线隧道 double track tunnel多线隧道 multiple track tunnel车站隧道 station tunnel地铁车站 subway station; metro station特长隧道 super long tunnel长隧道 long tunnel中长隧道 medium tunnel短隧道 short tunnel隧道群 tunnel group地铁工程 subway engineering; metro engineering洞口 tunne ladit; tunnel opening隧道进口 tunnel entrance隧道出口 tunnel exit迎坡;正面坡 front slope洞门 tunnel portal洞门框 tunnel portal frame端墙式洞门 end wall tunnel portal柱式洞门 post tunnel portal翼墙式洞门 wing wall tunnel portal耳墙式洞门 ear wall tunnel portal台阶式洞门 bench tunnel portal正洞门 orthonormal tunnel portal; straight tunnel portal斜洞门 skew tunnel portal明洞门 open-cut-tunnel portal; gallery portal衬砌 lining拱圈 arch边墙 side wall仰拱 invert; inverted arch底板 floor整体式衬砌 integral lining装配式衬砌 precast lining; prefabricated lining模筑衬砌 moulded lining洞口段衬砌 lining of tunnel portal section偏压衬砌unsymmetrically loading lining; eccentrically compressed lining组合衬砌;复合衬砌 composite lining初期支护 primary support二次衬砌 secondary lining隔离层 isolation layer喷锚衬砌 shorcrete bolt lining下锚段衬砌;接触网锚段衬砌 anchor-section lining挤压混凝土衬砌 extruding concrete tunnel lining隔热层 thermal insulation layer明洞 open-cut tunnel; tunnel without cover; gallery拱形明洞arch open cut tunnel; arch tunnel without cover; arch gallery棚洞 shed tunnel; shed gallery路堑式明洞 cut-type open cut tunnel; cut-type tunnel without cover; cut-type gallery半路堑式明洞part cut-type open cut tunnel; part cut-typetunnel without cover; part cut-type gallery抗滑明洞anti-skid-type open cut tunnel; anti-skid-type tunnel without cover; anti-skid-type gallery盖板式棚洞 slab shed tunnel; slab shed gallery刚架式棚洞 framed shed tunnel; framed shed gallery悬臂式棚洞 cantilever shed tunnel; cantilever shed gallery隧道专家系统 expert system of tunnel围岩 surrounding rock围岩压力 pressure of surrounding rock地层压力 ground pressure; stratum pressure松弛压力 relaxation pressure形变压力 deformation pressure围岩自承能力 self-supporting capacity of surrounding rock坑道自稳时间 self-stabilization time of tunnel弹性抗力 elastic resistance灌浆压力 grouting pressure。
铁路词汇
铁路工程英语常用词汇铁路线railway line；railroad line铁路网railway network；railroad network铁道科学railway science铁路技术railway technology铁路等级railway classification国有铁路national railway；state railway地方铁路local railway；regional railway私有铁路private railway合资铁路joint investment railway；jointly owned railway标准轨铁路standard-gage railway窄轨铁路narrow-gage railway米轨铁路meter-gage railway宽轨铁路broad-gage railway单线铁路single track railway双线铁路double track railway多线铁路multiple track railway重载铁路heavy haul railway高速铁路high speed railway电气化铁路；电力铁路electrified railway；electric railway干线铁路main line railway；trunk railway市郊铁路suburban railway地下铁道；地铁subway；metro；underground railway工业企业铁路industry railway矿山铁路mine railway轻轨铁路light railway；light rail高架铁路elevated railway单轨铁路；独轨铁路monorail；monorail railway 磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway；maglev森林铁路forest railway山区铁路mountain railway既有铁路existing railway新建铁路newly-built railway改建铁路reconstructed railway运营铁路railway in operation；operation；operating railway专用铁路special purpose railway干线trunk line；main line支线branch line铁路专用线railway special line货运专线railway line for freight traffic；freight special line；freight traffic only line客运专线railway line for passenger traffic；passenger special line；passenger traffic only line客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic铁路运营长度；运营里程operation length of railway；operating distance；revenue length列车运行图train diagram铁路建筑长度construction length of railway区间section区段district轨距rail gage；rail gauge轮重wheel load轴重axle load最大轴重maximum allowable axle load限制轴重axle load limited限界clearance；gauge限界图clearance diagram铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance；structure clearance for railway；railway structure gauge基本建筑限界fundamental construction clearance；fundamental structure gauge桥梁建筑限界bridge construction clearance；bridge structure gauge隧道建筑界限tunnel construction clearance；tunnel structure gauge铁路机车车辆限界rolling stock clearance for railway；vehicle gauge机车车辆上部限界clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock机车车辆下部限界clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock装载限界loading clearance limit；loading gauge 阔大货物限界clearance limit for freight with exceptional dimension；clearance limit for oversize commodities接触网限界clearance limit for overhead contract wire列车与线路相互作用track-train interaction轮轨关系wheel-rail relation；wheel-rail interaction粘着系数adhesion coefficient车轮滑行wheel sliding；wheel skid车轮空转wheel slipping牵引种类kinds of traction；category of traction 牵引方式mode of traction牵引定数tonnage rating；tonnage of traction装载系数loading coefficient速度speed持续速度continuous speed限制速度limited speed；speed restriction均衡速度balancing speed构造速度construction speed；design speed最高速度maximum speed临界速度critical speed重载列车heavy haul train高速列车high speed train超长超重列车exceptionally long and heavy train 列车正面冲突train collision列车尾追train tail collision列车尾部防护train rear end protection伸缩运动fore and aft motion蛇行运动hunting；nosing列车压缩train running in列车拉伸train running out列车分离train separation列车颠覆train overturning列车动力学train dynamics列车空气动力学train acrodynamics机车车辆振动vibration of rolling stock纵向振动longitudinal vibration横向振动lateral vibration垂向振动vertical vibration摆滚振动rock-roll vibration浮沉振动bouncing；vibration测滚振动rolling ；vibration测摆振动swaying；vibration点头振动pitching；nodding摇头振动yawing；hunting机车车辆共振resonance of rolling stock机车车辆冲击impact of rolling纵向冲击longitudinal impact横向冲击lateral impact垂向冲击vertical impact铁路法railway law铁道法规railway act铁路条例railway code 铁路技术管理规程regulations of railway technical operation铁路用地right-of-way铁路勘测railway reconnaissance调查测绘survey and drawing of investigation；investigation survey；investigation surveying and sketching地形调查topographic survey地貌调查topographic feature survey；geomorphologic survey地质调查geologic survey不良地质unfavorable geology特殊地质special geology工程地质条件engineering geologic requirement；engineering geologic condition气象资料meteorological data设计高程；设计标高design elevation河流比降slope of river；comparable horizon of river历史洪水位historic flood level最高水位highest water level；HWL分水岭watershed；dividing ridge洪水频率flood frequency设计流量design discharge设计水位design water level施工水位construction level；construction water level；working water level设计洪水过程线designed flood hydrograph 初测preliminary survey定测location survey；alignment；final location survey导线测量traversing；traverse survey光电导线photoelectric traverse地形测量topographical survey横断面测量cross leveling；cross-section survey；cross-section leveling线路测量route survey；profile survey；longitudinal survey既有线测量；旧线测量survey of existing railway 线路复测repetition survey of existing railway；resurvey of existing railway测量精度survey precision；precision of survey均方差；中误差mean square error最大误差；极限误差maximum error；limitingerror中线测量center line survey中线桩center line stake加桩additional stake；plus stake外移桩shift out stake；stake outward；offset stake 水准点高程测量benchmark leveling中桩高程测量；中平center stake leveling曲线控制点curve control point放线setting-out of route；lay out of route交点intersection point副交点auxiliary intersection point转向角deflection angle分转向角auxiliary deflection angle坐标方位角plane-coordinate azimuth象限角quadrantal angle经纬距plane rectangular coordinate断链broken chain投影断链projection of broken chain断高broken height铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测railway aerial photogrammetry铁路航空勘测railway aerial surveying航带设计flight strip design；design of flight strip 铁路工程地质遥感remote sensing of railway engineering geology测段segment of survey航测选线aerial surveying alignment航测外控点field control point of aerophotogrammetry全球定位系统global positioning system；GPS像片索引图index of photography三角测量trigonometric survey；triangulation精密导线测量precise traverse survey；accurate traverse survey三角高程测量trigonometric leveling隧道洞外控制测量ouside tunnel control survey隧道洞内控制测量in tunnel control survey；through survey隧道洞口投点horizontal point of tunnel portal；geodetic control point of portal location of adit桥轴线测量survey of bridge axis铁路选线railway location；approximate railway location；location of railway route selection平原地区选线location in plain region；plain location越岭选线location of mountain line；location of line in mountain region；location over mountain山区河谷选线mountain and valley region location；location of line of in mountain and valley region丘陵地段选线hilly land location；location of line on hilly land工程地质选线engineering geoligic location of line 线间距distance between centers of tracks；midway between tracks车站分布distribution of stations方案比选scheme comparison；route alternative 投资回收期repayment period of capital cost纸上定线paper location of line缓坡地段section of easy grade；section of gentle slope紧坡地段section of sufficient grade非紧坡地段section of unsufficient grade；section fo insufficient grade导向线leading line；alignment guiding line拔起高度；克服高度height of lifting；lifting height；ascent of elevation横断面选线cross-section method of railway location；location with cross-section method；cross-section method for location of line展线extension of line；development of line；line development展线系数coefficient of extension line；coefficient of development line套线overlapping line线路平面图track plan；line plan线路纵断面图track profile；line profile站坪长度length of station site站坪坡度grade of station site控制区间control section；controlling section最小曲线半径minimum radius of curve圆曲线circular curve单曲线simple curve缓和曲线transition curve；easement curve；spiral transition curve缓和曲线半截变更率rate of easement curvature；rate of transition curve复曲线compound curve同向曲线curves of same sense；adjacent curves in one direction反向曲线reverse curve；curve of opposite sense 夹直线intermediate straight line；tangent between curves坡度grade；gradient；slope人字坡double spur grade限制坡度ruling grade；limiting grade加力牵引坡度pusher grade；assisting grade最大坡度maximum grade临界坡度critical grade长大坡度long steep grade；long heavy grade动力坡度momentum grade均衡坡度balanced grade有害地段harmful district无害地段harmless district变坡点point of gradient change；breake in grade 坡段grade section坡段长度length of grade section坡度差algebraic difference between adjacent gradients竖曲线vertical curve分坡平段level stretch between opposite sign gradient缓和坡度slight grade；flat grade；easy grade起动缓坡flat gradient for starting加速缓坡easy gradient for acceleration；accelerating grade坡度折减compensation of gradient；gradient compensation；grade compensation曲线折减compensation of curve；curve compesation隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient in tunnel；compensation grade in tunnel绕行地段detouring section；round section换侧；换边change side of double line容许应力设计法allowable stress design method破损阶段设计法plastic stage design method极限状态设计法limit state design method概率极限状态设计法；可靠度设计法probabilistic limit state design method地震系数法seismic coefficient method路基subgrade；road bed；formation subgrade 岩石路基rock subgrade 渗水土路基permeable soil subgrade；pervious embankment非渗水土路基non-permeable soil subgrade；impervious embankment特殊土路基subgrade of special soil软土地区路基subgrade in soft soil zone；subgrade in soft；clay region泥沼地区路基subgrade in bog zone；subgrade in morass region；subgrade in swampland膨胀土地区路基；裂土地区路基subgrade in swelling soil zone；subgrade in expansive soil region 盐渍土地区路基subgrade in salty soil zone；subgrade in saline soil region多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soil zone特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special condition河滩路堤embankment on plain river beach滨河路堤embankment on river bank水库路基subgrade in reservoir；embankment crossing reservoir崩塌地段路基subgrade in rock fall district；subgrade in collapse zone岩堆地段路基subgrade in rock deposit zone；subgrade in talus zone；subgrade in scree zone滑坡地段路基subgrade in slide岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基subgrade in karst zone洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone；subgrade in cavern zone风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone；subgrade in desert雪害地段路基subgrade in snow damage zone；subgrade in snow disaster zone泥石流地段路基subgrade in debris flow zone路基横断面subgrade cross-section路基面subgrade surface；formation路基面宽度width of the subgrade surface；formation width路拱road crown；subgrade crown路肩Road shoulder；subgrade shoulder路肩高程formation level；shoulder level路堤embankment；fill路堑cut；road；cutting半堤半堑part-cut and part-fill section；cut and fillsection基床subgrade bed；formation基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed；formation top layer；surface layer of subgrade基床表层bottom layer of subgrade；formation base layer；bottom layer of subgrade bed线路工程railway line engineering铁路勘测；铁道勘测railway reconnaissance铁路选线；铁道选线railway route selection；railway location；approximate railway location；location of railway route selection经济勘察economic investigation地质调查geological survey；geologic survey方案比较project comparison铁路勘探；铁道勘探railway exploration铁路测量；铁道测量railway survey线路测量route survey；profile survey；longitudinal survey曲线测量curve survey既有线测量survey of existing line；survey of existing railway铁路线路图；铁道线路图railway map定线location of line铁路设计；铁道设计railway design线路设计track design平面设计plane design纵断面设计longitudinal section design横断面设计transverse section design曲线设计curve design车站设计station design站场设计design of stations and yards标准设计standard design线路等级line grade铁路限界；铁道限界railway clearance建筑限界construction clearance设计规范code of design设计标准design standard铁路线路；铁道线路railway line铁路曲线；铁道曲线railway curve缓和曲线transition curve；easement curve；spiral transition curve小半径曲线small-radius curve曲线半径curve radius曲线超高super elevation on curve；cant；elevation of curve欠超高inadequate super elevation；deficient super elevation未被平衡加速度unbalanced acceleration竖曲线vertical curve坡道gradient坡度grade；gradient；slope限制坡度ruling grade；limiting grade坡度折减grade compensation；compensation of gradient；gradient compensation避难线refuge siding；catch siding双线插入段double track interpolation铁路连接线；铁道连接线railway connecting line 隧道内线路line in tunnel桥头引线bridge approach站线siding站线长度length of station line铁路标志；铁道标志railway sign警冲标fouling point indicator；fouling post线路中心线track center line；central lines of track 线间距离；线间距distance between centers of lines；distance between centers of tracks；midway between tracks线路试验；线路实验track test；road test；running test路基subgrade铁路路基；路基；铁道路基railway subgrade；subgrade软土路基soft soil subgrade沙漠路基desert subgrade冻土路基permafrost subgrade膨胀土路基subgrade in swelling soil zone路基基床subgrade bed路堤embankment；fill高路堤high-fill embankment路堑cut；road cutting深路堑deep cutting路肩road shoulder；subgrade shoulder边坡side slope护坡revetment；slope protection；pitching路基滑动subgrade slip滑坡防治landslide preventive treatment路基排水subgrade drainage塑料排水板plastic drainage board路基加固subgrade strengthening土工织物geotextile挡土墙；挡墙retaining walls锚定板anchor plate锚杆anchor bolt抗滑桩antiskid pile；anti-slide pile；counter-sliding pile加筋土reinforced earth植被vegetation路基防护subgrade protection防护工程protective engineering防护林protection forest防沙sand proof固沙stabilization of sand输导砂sediment transport路侧建筑物roadside structure排水沟weeper drain；weep drain；drainage ditch；drain ditch挡风墙wind-shield wall；wind-break wall隔声墙sound-proof wall防雪栅snow fence；snow guard轨道理论track theory轨道设计track design轨道参数track parameter轨距track gauge；rail gage；rail gauge轨距加宽track gauge widening轨底坡cant of rail；rail cant轨道力学track dynamics；track mechanics轨道强度track strength轨道阻力track resistance道床阻力trackbed resistance；ballast resistance扣固力fastening force钢轨应力rail stress轨道承载力track bearing capacity轨道稳定性track stability；stability of track轨道试验；轨道实验track test轮轨关系wheel-rail interaction；wheel-rail relation 轮轨动力学wheel-rail dynamics轮轨作用力wheel-rail force轮轨接触wheel-rail contact接触应力contact stress轨道结构track structure轨道track铁路轨道；轨道；铁道轨道railway track；track 线路上部建筑；轨道track superstructure；track 重型轨道heavy track宽轨枕轨道broad sleeper track板式轨道slab track；slab-track整体道床轨道monolithic roadbed track防振轨道anti-vibration track高架轨道elevated track无缝线路jointless line；continuously welded rail track；jointless track桥上轨道结构bridge deck track structure隧道内轨道结构track structure in tunnel钢轨steel rail重型钢轨heavy rail长钢轨long rail焊接长钢轨long welded rail缩短轨shortened rail；standard shortened rail；fabricated short rail used on curves；standard curtailed rail热处理钢轨heat-treated rail合金钢轨alloy steels rail旧钢轨used rail钢轨钢rail steel钢轨螺栓孔rail bolt hole轨缝rail gap；joint gap钢轨焊缝rail welding seam钢轨接头rail joint异型接头compromise joint伸缩接头expansion joint焊接接头welding joint；welded joint绝缘接头track section insulator；insulated joint胶接接头adhesive joint鱼尾板fish plate鱼尾螺栓fish bolt扣件fastening；rail fastening弹性扣件elastic fastening；elastic rail fastening弹条式扣件elastic rod type fastening分开式扣件separated fastening；separated rail fastening；indirect holding fastening扣板式扣件clip fastening刚性扣件rigid fastening垫圈ring道钉spike；track spike；rail spike；dog spike螺纹道钉threading spike；screw spike垫板tie-plate；tie plate橡胶垫板rubber tie-plate；rubber tie plate防爬器anticreeper；anti-creeper；rail anchor轨距拉杆gauge tie rod轨下基础underrail foundation；sub-rail foundation；sub-rail track bed轨枕sleeper；tie；cross tie木枕wooden sleeper；wooden tie混凝土枕；砼枕concrete sleeper；concrete tie轨枕板；宽轨枕sleeper slab；broad sleeper钢枕steel sleeper；steel tie合成轨枕composite sleeper纵向轨枕longitudinal tie岔枕points sleeper；switch tie；turnout tie桥枕bridge tie；bridge sleeper轨排track panel；track skeleton枕下胶垫rubber pad under sleeper道床track bed；ballast bed碎石道床ballast bed整体道床monolithic track bed；solid bed；integrated ballast bed；monolithic concrete bed沥青道床bituminous raodbed；asphalt roadbed；asphalt cemented ballast bed石棉道床asbestos ballast道碴ballast道床覆盖ballast cover钢轨涂油器rail lubricator融雪器snow melter复轨器replacer；re-railer；rerailing device脱轨器derailer车挡bumper；bumper post道岔switch；point；turnout；switches and crossings 单开道岔single point；simple turnout；lateral turnout双开道岔double turnout三开道岔three-throw turnout；symmetrical three throw turnout；three-way turnout交分道岔slip switch高速道岔high-speed switch切线型道岔tangent turnout道岔设计turnout design过岔速度switch crossing speed辙叉frog；crossing整铸辙叉integrated cast frog锰钢辙叉manganese steel frog crossing 焊接辙叉welding frog crossing组合辙叉combined frog；assembled frog可动心轨辙叉movable point frog；movable-point frog可动翼轨辙叉movable wing rails；movable-wing frog核子密度湿度测定determination of nuclear density-moisture路基承载板测定determination of bearing slab of subgrade预留沉落量reserve settlement；settlement allowance反压护道berm with superloading；berm for back pressure；counter swelling berm石灰砂桩lime sand pile挡土墙retaining wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall；gravity retaining wall with relieving platform；balanced type retaining wall中-活载CR-live loading；China railway standard loading桥梁标准活载standard live load for bridge桥梁荷载谱bridge load spectrum换算均布活载equivalent uniform live load设计荷载design load主力principal load恒载dead load土压力earth load静水压力hydrostatic pressure浮力buoyancy列车活载live load of train列车离心力centrifugal force of train列车冲击力；冲击荷载impact force of train冲击系数coefficient of impact人行道荷载sidewalk loading附加力subsidiary load；secondary load列车制动力braking force of train列车牵引力tractive force of train桥台abutment重力式桥台gravity abutment埋置式桥台buried abutment锚定板式桥台anchor slab abutmentU形桥台U-shaped abutment耳墙式桥台abutment with cantilevered retaining wall桥墩pier脚手架scaffold山岭隧道mountain tunnel越岭隧道over mountain line tunnel水下隧道；水地隧道subaqueous tunnel；underwater tunnel地铁隧道subway tunne；underground railway tunnel浅埋隧道shallow tunnel；shallow-depth tunnel；shallow burying tunnel深埋隧道deep tunnel；deep-depth tunnel；deep burying tunnel单线隧道single track tunnel双线隧道double track tunnel多线隧道multiple track tunnel车站隧道station tunnel地铁车站subway station；metro station特长隧道super long tunnel长隧道long tunnel中长隧道medium tunnel短隧道short tunnel隧道群tunnel group地铁工程subway engineering；metro engineering 洞口tunne ladit；tunnel opening隧道进口tunnel entrance隧道出口tunnel exit暗挖法subsurface excavation method明挖法open-cut method拆迁removing测量放样staking out in survey工程招标calling for tenders of project；calling for tending of project工程投标bidding for project工程报价project quoted price工程发包contracting out of project工程承包contracting of project工程监理supervision of construction；supervision of project过渡工程transition project控制工程dominant project关键工程key project辅助设施auxiliary facilities 通车期限time limit for opening to traffic施工总工期total time of construction；total construction time施工组织方案construction scheme开工报告report on starting of construction work；commencement report of construction work；construction starting report竣工报告completion repport of construction work 施工计划管理planned manangement of construction 网络计划技术network planning technique施工工艺流程construction technology process；construction process工法制度construction method system施工产值construction output value施工利润construction profit施工机械利用率utilization ratio of construction machinery推土机bulldozer铲运机scoper；scraper；carrying scraper装载机loader平地机grader压路机roller千斤顶jack打桩机pile driver工务段track division；track district；track maintenance division轨道；线路上部建筑track轨道类型classification of track；track standard轨道结构track structure有碴轨道ballasted track无碴轨道ballastless track线路track；permanent way有缝线路jointed track无缝线路continuously welded rail track；jointless track长轨线路long welded rail track轨排track panel；track skeleton轨节rail link长轨条long rail string轨道几何形位track geometry轨距加宽gauge widening螺旋曲线spiral curve clothold curve三次抛物线曲线cubic parabola curve曲线超高superelevation cant；elevation of curve欠超高deficient superlevation过超高surplus superelevation；excess elevation反超高reverse superelevation；counter superelevation；negative superelevation未本平衡离心加速度unbalaned cenrifugal acceleraion曲线正矢curve versine轨道力学track mechanics轨道动力学track dynamics轨道强度计算track strength analysis轨道几何状态恶化track deterioration轨道失效track failure轨道框架刚度rigidity of track panel道床系数ballast coefficient；ballast modulus钢轨基础模量rail supporting modulus ；track moulus钢轨支点弹性模量modulus of elasticity of rail support轨道应力track stresses轨道稳定性stability of track接头阻力joint resistance道床阻力ballast resistance扣件扣压力toe load of fastening轮/轨接触应力rail/wheel contact stress钢轨rail轨头rail head轨腰rail web轨底rail base；rail bottom淬火轨head hardened rail ；quenched rail合金轨alloy steel rail合金淬火轨head hardened alloy steel rail ；quenched alloy耐磨轨wear resistant rail耐腐蚀轨corrosion resistant rail标准长度钢轨standard length rail短轨short rail缩短轨standardshortened rail ；fabricated short rail used on curves；sandard curtailed rail异形轨compromise rail护轨guard rail；check rail轨底坡rail cant钢轨工作边gage line轨缝；接头缝rail gap；joint gap构造轨缝structural joint gap ；maximum joint gap structurally obtainable钢轨接头rail joint相对接头opposite joint ；square joint相错式接头；相互式接头alternate joint ；staggered joint ；broken joint垫接接头；承接接头supported joint悬接接头suspended joint绝缘接头insulated joint胶结绝缘接头glued insulated joint焊接接头welded joint冻结接头frozen joint异形接头compromise joint钢轨伸缩调节器；温度调节器expansion rail joint；rail expansion device；swith expansion joint接头联结零件rail joint accessories ；rail joint fastenings接头夹板；鱼尾板joint bar ；splice bar ；fish plate 平型双头夹板flat joint bar轨头地面接触夹板；锲型接头夹板head contact flat joint bar轨腹上圆弧接触夹板；铰型接头夹板head free flat joint bar扣件；中间联结零件rail fastening分开式扣件separated rail fastening ；indirect holding fastening不分开式扣件nonseparated rail fastening ；direct holding fastening半分开式扣件semi-separaed rail fastening ；mixed holding fastening弹性扣件elasic rail fastening道钉；狗头钉；钩头钉track spike ；rail spike ；dog spike弹簧道钉elastic rail spike螺纹道钉screw spike螺栓螺纹钉bolt-screw spike硫磺锚固sulphur cement mortar anchor ；sulphur cement mortar anchorage垫板tie plate橡胶垫板；弹性垫板rubber tie plate衬垫pad弹簧垫圈spring washer防爬器anti-creeper；rail anchor轨撑rail brace轨距杆gage tie bar；gage rod ；gage tie轨下基础sub-rail foundation ；sub-rail track bed轨枕tie；cross tie ；sleeper宽混凝土轨枕；轨枕板broad concrete tie纵向轨枕longitudinal tie板式轨道slab-track木枕；枕木wooden tie油枕treated wooden tie素枕untreated wooden tie钢枕steel tie混凝土枕concrete tie岔枕switch tie ；turnout tie短枕short tie ；block tie道床ballast bed整体道床solid bed；integrated ballast bed；monolithic concrete bed沥青道床asphalt cemented ballast bed道碴层；道碴床ballast layer道碴ballast道碴级配ballast grading洛杉叽磨损实验Los Angeles abrasion test底碴subballast道床厚度thickness of ballast bed；depth of ballast 道床宽度width of ballast bed道床碴肩shoulder of ballast bed轮轨游间clearance between wheel flange and gage line曲线内接inscribed to curves自由内接free inscribing强制内接compulsory inscribing楔形内接wedging inscribing静力内接static inscribing动力内接dynamic inscribing轨道不平顺track irregularity静态不平顺static track irregularity；irregularity without load动态不平顺dynamic track irregularity轨道几何尺寸容许公差track geometry tolerances 轨道变形track deformation；track disorder；track distortion轨道残余变形track residual deformation；track permanent deformation弹性挤开gage elastically widened；elastic squeeze-out轨道水平；左右水平track cross level 轨道方向track alignment轨道前后高低；前后高低longitudinal level of rail；track profile三角坑；扭曲twist warp轨道明坑visile pit of track；visible low spot of track；track depression翻浆冒泥mud-pumping钢轨低接头depressed joint；battered foint of rail接头瞎缝closed joint；tight joint大轨缝excessive joint gap；wide joint gap线路爬行track creeping轨头波纹磨损corrugation of rail head；rail corrugation轨头短波浪磨损short wave undulation of rail head 钢轨伤损rail defects and failures钢轨擦伤engine burn；wheel burn钢轨锈蚀rail corrosion核伤nucleus flaw；oval flaw轨头剥离gage line shelly cracks轨头掉块spalling of rail head轨头压溃crushing of rail head钢轨裂纹rail cracks轨头发裂head checks ；hair crack of rail head轨底崩裂burst of rail base；burst of rail bottom ；broken rail base钢轨折断brittle fractures of rail ；sudden rupture of rail钢轨落锤试验drop test of rail螺孔裂纹bolt hole crack线路大修major repair of reack ；overhaul of track ；track renewal线路中修intermediate repair of track线路维修maintenance of track全面起道捣固out-of-face surfacing起道raising of track ；track lifting落道under cutting of track ；lowering of track垫砂起道measured shovel packing改道gage correction ；gaging of track拨道track lining整正水平adjusting of cross level整正曲线curve adjusting；curve lining绳正法整正曲线string lining of curve绳度整正曲线计算器string lining computer ；string-line calculator调整轨缝；均匀轨缝adjusting of rail gaps；evenly distributing joint gaps整正规缝dispersal of rail gaps；adjusting joint gaps up to standard焊修钢轨；堆焊钢轨resurfacing of rail打磨钢轨rail grinding轨头整形rail head reprofiling捣固道床ballast tamping夯实道床ballast ramming ；ballast consolidating清筛道床ballast cleaning整理道床ballast trimming锁定轨温fastening-down temperature of rail零应力轨温strss free rail temperature中和轨温neutral temperature放散温度力destressing ；stress liberation温度力temperature stress温度力峰temperature stress peak轨道鼓出临界温度critical temperature of track buckling伸缩区；呼吸区breathing zone缓冲区buffer zone；transition zone固定区nonbreathing zone ；fixd zone ；deformation -free zone调节轨buffer rail气压焊oxyacetylene pressure welding电阻焊flash butt welding铝热焊thrmlt welding周转轨inventory stock备用轨stock rails per kilometer of track；emergency rail stored along the way再用轨second hand rail ；relaying rail顺坡run-off elevation立体交叉grade separation道囗grade crossing；level crossing道岔turnout ；switches and crossings单开道岔simple turnout ；；lateral turnout单式对称道岔；双开道岔symmetrical double curve turnout ；equilateral turnout单式不对称道岔；不对称双开道岔unsymmetrical double curve turnout ；unequilateral turnout单式同侧道岔unsymmetrical double curve turnout in the same direction三开道岔stmmetrical three throw turnout ；three-way turnout 不对称三开道岔unsymmetrical three-way turnout ；unsymmetrical three throw tunout左开道岔left hand turnout右开道岔right hand turnout交叉crossing菱形交叉diamond crossing直角交叉rectangular crossing ；square crossing交分道岔slip switch单式交分道岔single slip switches复式交分道岔double slip switches渡线crossover交叉渡线scissors crossing ；double crossover平行渡线parallel crossover道岔主线main line of turnout ；main track of turnout ；turnout main道岔侧线branch line of turnout ；branch track of turnout turnout branch导曲线lead curve导曲线半径radius of lead curve导曲线支距offset of lead curve道岔中心center of turnout辙叉frog；crossing辙叉角frog angle辙叉号数frog number道岔号数turnout number道岔始端beginning of turnout道岔终端end of turnout尖轨switch rail tongue rail；blade直线尖轨straight seitch曲线尖轨curved switch尖轨理论尖端theoretical point of switch rail尖轨尖端actual point of switch rail尖轨跟端heel of swith rail曲线出岔道岔turnout from curved track辙叉心轨理论尖端theoretical point of frog辙叉心轨尖端actual point of frog辙叉趾端toe end of frog ；frog toe辙叉跟端heel end of frog；frog heel道岔基线reference line of turnout道岔全长total length of turnout道岔理论长度theoretical length of turnout道岔实际长度actual length of turnout道岔理论导程theoretical lead of turnout道岔前部理论长度front part theoretical legth of。
铁路工程英语词汇（RailwayEngineeringEnglishVocabulary）
铁路工程英语词汇（Railway Engineering English Vocabulary）Glossary of terms: Railway Engineering VocabularyLine engineeringLine engineering railway, line, engineeringRailway survey; railway survey; railway; reconnaissanceRailway line selection; railway line selection; railway route selection; railway location; approximate railway location; location of railway selection routeEconomic investigation, economic, investigationGeological survey; geological; survey; geologic; survey Scheme comparison, project, comparisonRailway exploration; railway exploration; railway; explorationRailway survey; railway survey; railway; surveyLine measurements; route survey; profile survey; longitudinal surveyCurve measurement curve surveyExisting line measurements survey, of, existing, line, survey, of, existing, railwayRailway line diagram; railway line diagram railway map Alignment location, of, lineRailway design; railway design; railway; designLine design, track, designGraphic design, plane, designProfile design, longitudinal, section, designCross sectional design, transverse, section, design Curve design, curve, designStation design, station, designStation design, design, of, stations, and, yards Standard design standard designLine level line gradeRailway Clearance; railway clearance; railway; clearance Building clearance construction clearanceDesign specification code of designDesign standard design standardRailway line; railway line; railway; lineRailway curve; railway curve; railway; curveEasement curve transition curve; easement curve; spiral transition curveSmall radius curve small-radius curveRadius of curve curve radiusCurve ultra high superelevation, on, curve; cant; elevation, of, curveOwe ultra high inadequate superelevation; deficient superelevationThe unbalanced acceleration is unbalanced accelerationVertical curve vertical curveRamp gradientSlope grade; gradient; slope;Limit grade ruling grade; limiting gradeSlope reduction grade, compensation; compensation, of, gradient; gradient compensationRefuge line refuge siding; catch sidingDouble line insert segment double, track, interpolationRailway connections; railway connections; railway; connecting; lineLine in tunnel in tunnelBridgehead bridge approachLine sidingLength of station line line lengthRailway signs; railway signs railway signWarning labels fouling, point, indicator, fouling, postLine center line track, center, line; central, lines, of, trackDistance between lines; line spacing; distance; between; centres; lines; of; distance; between; centers; of; tracks; midway; between; tracksLine test; line experiment; track test; road test; running test Subgrade SubgradeRailway subgrade; subgrade; railway subgrade; railway;subgrade; subgradeSoft soil subgrade, soft, soil, subgradeDesert subgrade, desert, subgradePermafrost subgrade, permafrost, subgradeExpansive soil subgrade subgrade, in, swelling, soil, zone Subgrade bed subgrade bedEmbankment embankment; fillCauseway high-fill embankmentCutting cut; road cuttingDeep cutting, deep, cuttingShoulder road shoulder;路肩边坡边坡护坡护坡；边坡防护；俯仰路基滑动路基滑移滑坡防治滑坡防治路基排水路基排水塑料排水板塑料排水板路基加固路基加固土工织物土工织物挡土墙；挡墙挡土墙锚定板锚板锚杆地脚螺栓抗滑桩防滑桩；抗滑桩；抗滑桩加筋土加筋土植被植被路基防护路基防护防护工程防护工程防护林防护林防沙防砂固沙稳定砂输导砂输沙路侧建筑物路边结构排水沟排水沟；排水沟；排水沟；排水沟挡风墙风盾墙；挡风墙隔声墙隔音墙防雪栅雪栅栏；防雪轨道理论轨道理论轨道设计轨道设计轨道参数轨道参数轨距轨距；轨距；轨距轨距加宽轨距加宽轨底坡轨轨斜面；轨道力学轨道动力学；轨道力学轨道强度轨道强度轨道阻力轨道阻力道床阻力道床阻力；阻力扣固力紧固力钢轨应力钢轨应力轨道承载力轨道承载能力轨道稳定性轨道稳定性；轨道稳定性轨道试验轨道实验跟踪测试；轮轨关系轮轨相互作用；轮轨关系轮轨动力学轮轨系统动力学轮轨作用力轮轨力轮轨接触轮轨接触接触应力接触应力轨道结构轨道结构轨道轨道铁路轨道；轨道；铁道轨道铁路轨道；轨道线路上部建筑；轨道轨道轨道上部结构；重型轨道重型轨道宽轨枕轨道宽枕轨道板式轨道板式轨道；轨道板整体道床轨道整体道床轨道防振轨道减振轨道高架轨道高架轨道无缝线路无缝线路；无缝线路；线路桥上轨道结构桥面轨道结构隧道内轨道结构轨道结构的隧道钢轨钢轨重型钢轨重轨长钢轨长轨焊接长钢轨长轨缩短轨缩短轨；标准缩短轨；用曲线制作的短轨；缩短轨热处理钢轨钢轨热处理合金钢轨合金钢导轨旧钢轨用轨道钢轨钢钢轨钢钢轨螺栓孔钢轨螺栓孔轨缝轨缝；接缝钢轨焊缝钢轨焊缝钢轨接头钢轨接头异型接头妥协联合伸缩接头膨胀节焊接接头焊接接头；焊接接头绝缘接头轨道区段绝缘子；绝缘接头胶接接头粘接鱼尾板鱼尾板鱼尾螺栓鱼尾螺栓扣件扣件紧固；弹性扣件弹性扣件；弹性钢轨扣件弹条式扣件弹性杆式紧固分开式扣件分离紧固；分开式扣件；间接控股的紧固扣板式扣件夹紧固刚性扣件刚性固定垫圈环道钉穗；道钉；道钉；道钉螺纹道钉螺纹道钉；螺旋道钉垫板垫板；垫板橡胶垫板橡胶垫板；橡胶垫板防爬器防爬器；防爬轨锚定；轨距拉杆轨距拉杆轨下基础underrail基础；轨下基础；亚轨道道床轨枕轨枕；领带；横拉杆木枕木枕；木枕混凝土枕；砼枕混凝土轨枕；混凝土轨枕轨枕板；宽轨枕轨枕板；宽枕钢枕钢枕；钢结合成轨枕复合轨枕纵向轨枕纵拉杆岔枕点开关领带；岔枕；桥枕桥梁纽带；桥枕轨排轨道板；轨道骨架枕下胶垫枕下橡胶垫道床道床道床；碎石道床道床整体道床整体道床；固体床；整体道床；整体道床沥青道床沥青路基；沥青路面；沥青道床石棉道床石棉镇流器道碴镇流器道床覆盖镇流器罩轨道附属设备轨道辅助设备钢轨涂油器轨道润滑器融雪器熔化的雪复轨器代用品；复轨器复轨装置；脱轨器脱轨器车挡保险杠后保险杠；道岔开关；点；道岔；道岔单开道岔单点；单开道岔侧向道岔；双开道岔复式道岔三开道岔三开道岔；对称三开道岔；三开道岔交分道岔滑动开关高速道岔高速开关切线型道岔切线道岔道岔设计道岔设计过岔速度道岔速度辙叉青蛙；穿越整铸辙叉一体铸成的青蛙锰钢辙叉锰钢辙叉焊接辙叉焊接辙叉组合辙叉组合辙叉组装的青蛙；可动心轨辙叉可动心轨辙叉；可动心轨辙叉可动翼轨辙叉可动翼轨可动辙叉；尖轨开关点；点舌；道岔尖轨；叶片；滑床板滑椅；滑板；开关板基本轨正轨翼轨翼轨护轮轨护栏导曲线道岔导曲线曲线；道岔附带曲线曲线以下的岔线交叉交叉渡线轨道交叉；交叉通过道岔通过开关铁路道口；铁道道口铁路道口平交道口道口道口板道口板道口路面交叉路口路面立体交叉；立交立交线路施工轨道施工石方工程岩石开挖土方工程土方填方填充挖方切割土方调拨批量调度线路施工机械轨道施工机械及设备轨道施工轨道施工轨道工程轨道施工轨道铺设铺轨铺碴压舱轨枕铺设轨枕铺设铺轨轨道铺设轨排组装轨排组装轨排装运轨排装载轨排基地轨排基地钢轨焊接钢轨焊接钢轨热处理钢轨热处理钢轨铺设轨道铺设钢轨锁定钢轨锁定道岔铺设道岔铺设轨道施工机械轨道施工机械铺轨列车铺轨列车；铺轨列车铺轨机铺轨机铺轨机；钢轨焊接车焊轨车焊轨机钢轨装焊机；焊轨机轨排组装机轨排组装机轨排运送车轨道板运输车铺枕机轨枕铺设机铺碴车镇车铺碴机载机铺道岔机道岔铺设机焊接长钢轨运送车焊接长钢轨运输车动力稳定车动力稳定车线路状态轨道状态路基病害路基病害沉降结算坍方落石；危石塌岩翻浆冒泥翻浆冒泥；路基壅水路基水筑坝路基渗流路基渗流路基冲刷路基冲刷振动液化振动液化冻融冻结和解冻冻胀冻胀冻害冻结冻胀破坏；雪害雪灾雪封锁；雪；沙害沙害轨道状态轨道条件轨道变形轨道变形；轨道障碍；轨道变形轨道不平顺轨道不平顺联合低接头抑郁三角坑翘曲；扭转钢轨爬行钢轨爬行涨轨跑道；钢轨鼓曲轨道钢轨扣扣；钢轨疲劳钢轨疲劳钢轨伤损铁路钢轨缺陷和失效；钢轨断裂钢轨断裂钢轨裂纹铁路钢轨裂纹；裂纹轨头剥离轨头剥离；轨头剥离钢轨锈蚀铁路泡沫；钢轨腐蚀钢轨磨耗钢轨磨耗波形磨耗；波浪磨耗波状磨耗螺孔裂纹螺栓孔裂纹辙叉伤损；辙叉损伤青蛙失败木枕开裂木枕开裂轨枕伤损轨枕伤损轨枕损坏；道床脏污镇流器污染线路养护养路线路维修轨道维护；维修轨道日常维修日常维护；维修状态修修复条件；根据状态维修巡回检查 inspection tour轨道检测机具 track detection equipment道尺 track gauge轨道检测 track detection灾害检测装置 disaster detector超声波探伤仪 ultrasonic flaw detector钢轨探伤车 rail rail flaw detection for detecting bus.轨检车 track inspection car; 轨道检查车; track recording. 高速轨道检查车; high speed track inspection for 高速轨检车养路作业 track maintenance operation起道 track lifting and raising of track垫碴起道 ballast filling track lifting改道 track gage correction; gaging realigning of track. 拨道 track lining捣固 tamping除草 weeding除草剂 herbicide除雪 snow clearing防冻 anti freezing融雪 snow melt融雪剂 snow melt agent钢轨加热 rail heating钢轨打磨 rail grinding钢轨矫直 straightening of kinked rail 钢轨更换 rail set钢轨探伤 rail detecting钢轨焊补 rail repairing welding轨缝调整 rail gap adjusting应力放散 stress relieving钢轨温度 rail temperature钢轨涂油 rail lubrication轨枕更换 sleeper replacement扣件作业 fastening operation.轨枕修补 sleeper mendingtreatment 枕木防腐 timber sleeper道岔养护 switch maintenance道岔更换 switch replacement辙叉焊补 frog welding and repairing道床作业 ballast operation.道碴清筛 ballast screening道碴更换 ballast replacement道床整形 ballast trimming曲线养护 curved track maintenance线路管理系统 track management system养路组织 track maintenance organization 养路计划 track maintenance planning维修天窗 maintenance time维修周期 maintenance period养路安全 track maintenance safety列车接近警报器; 列车接近报警器; 列车接近报警装置 train approach warning device养路质量 track maintenance qualitymachinization 养路机械化 track maintenance线路中修 intermediate repair of track起道修; 线路中修 track raising repair; track intermediate overhaul线路大修 major repair of track线路更新线路大修 track renewal; track; overhauling线路修复 track restoration铁路抢修铁道抢修 railway emergency maintenance.养路机械 track maintenance machine起道机 track lifting machine拨道机 track lining machine起拨道机 track lifting and lining machine捣固机 tamping machine捣固车 tamping carcompactor 道床夯拍机 ballast配碴整形机 ballast distributing and trimming machine, ballast distributing and regulating machine道碴清筛机 ballast cleaner扒碴机 le le removers ballast ballast raker.道碴更换机 eqnipment ballast replacement道床清扫机 ballast cleaning machine轨枕更换机轨枕更换设备钢轨更换机轨道更换设备钢轨打磨机钢轨打磨机钢轨打磨车钢轨打磨车直轨器钢轨矫直钢轨矫直机的工具；锯轨机轨锯；锯轨机；锯轨机钢轨钻孔机钢轨钻孔机钢轨加热器钢轨加热器轨缝调整器轨道间隙调节器；铁路牵引道钉机钉锤除雪机雪犁；除雪机；除雪机除雪车扫雪车扫雪机；除雪；除草机除草；杂草杂草刀切割机；清沟机开沟机碎冰机碎冰机养路机具养路机具液压机具液压工具轨道车轨道车上下道装置上下轨道装置发电车移动电站的发电车车；综合养路机械综合养路机械机械化养路基地机械维修基地工务部门工务分公司大修队大修队工务段工程区；工务段；分轨道；轨道区；轨道维修部养路员工养路工人工务修配厂工务店焊轨厂焊轨厂枕木防腐厂枕木处理厂采石场采石场采石场；铁路专业英语词汇________________________________________高架铁路，高架铁路、航空铁路高架铁路矿区铁路矿区铁路缆索铁路（铁路）缆索铁路，登山铁路轻轨线轻便铁道城市铁路市区铁路铁路网络铁路网铁路运输铁路运输试运行试车通车通车波特搬运工人验票员查票员票车票单程票，单程票单程票往返票，往返机票来回票站台票站台票火车站车站站厅车站大厅服务台服务台候车室候车室客运站客车站表时刻表到达时间表到站时刻表发车时刻表发车时刻表收票员，收票员收票员售票处，售票处售票处结枢纽站铁路和水路码头水陆联运站平台的桥梁天桥行李手推车推行李车询问处、服务台问讯处站小站标签行李标签行李寄存处行李房行李寄存处行李暂存处站台票验票口栅栏门障碍平台站台（电）车站台车隧道站台地道平台平台屋顶站台顶棚站长站长终端；末端终点站自动扶梯自动扶梯火车在……离开车站，火车预定在…火车在（某时）离站检票（给检票员）检票晚点十分钟晚点10分钟换车…在（某地）换车火车预定在…在（某时）到达打破旅行中途下车餐车，餐车，餐车餐车厨房餐车食品室敞车，（铁路）货车、卡车敞车（铁路）马车，教练车车厢屋顶车顶腹壁（车厢通道两侧的）伸缩篷步；脚踏板（车厢门口的）踏板舷梯（车厢的）通道带盖烟灰盒盖烟灰缸罐车槽车混合列车混合列车货物列车，货物列车货物列车柴油机，机车机车靠窗的座位靠窗座位教练，旅客列车客车特快列车，表达快车冷藏车冷藏车车上的乘务员；列车员列车员后卫，指挥列车长缓慢的火车，列车慢车棚车的面包车，车棚车普通列车普通列车软卧客车软卧卧铺车厢上火车上行车牲畜的货车牲畜车卧铺，卧铺卧车下火车下行车行李车、行李车行李车架、行李架行李架与semicushioned泊位硬卧客车卧铺车厢普通的座椅硬席与semicushioned硬座车车厢座位邮政车邮政车邮件和行李车邮政行李车通过培训直达车专列专车扳道工，扳道工道岔工人封闭轨道信号，信号闭塞信号块旗语信号，信号臂板信号家仓库仓库壁板，Sidetrack夜店侧线，旁轨道岔岔道秤重机称重机（火车）出轨脱轨单线铁路（轨道）单线点，开关道岔开关锁，锁点道岔锁等候标志，等待信号等候标志（信号）编组站、调车场调车场调度调度调度员调度员交叉渡线，转线轨道铁路钢轨轨道轨道枕木，枕木轨枕铁椅轨座缓冲停止，撞击后缓冲桩货棚，货站货棚货站货运站，货站集装箱集装箱机车棚机车库（发动机）站进站预告标警告标志间隙净空（信号）门（铁路上支持信号装置的）跨线桥拦路木 barrier (道口)section 路段reduce speed sign (al) 慢行标志 (信号)bell and whistle sign, 鸣笛预告标 whistle signplatform for 平车, flat cargrade crossing, the level crossing (平面交叉道路与铁路的) track laying machine, tracklayer 铺轨机double line (track) rail 双线volume of railway freight 铁路货运量铁路交叉点铁路联络线 railway connections.railway warning sign 铁路警告标志铁路净空 railway clearancerailroad bed 铁路路基railway curve 铁路曲线 (弯道)railway tunnel 铁路隧道railway line, railroad line 铁路线stop sign (al) 停车标志 (信号)danger sign (al) 危险标志 (信号)unprotected crossing 无防护设备的道口the signal light (lamp) 信号灯the signal box, signalman''s cabin 信号房信号员 machine gunner翼轨 wing rail (of frog)distant signal, disk signal, target 圆盘信号机折返段 back turning section.frog 辙叉, 岔心turn table 车台, 旋车盘(box), a switch (box) 转辙器switch signal, point indicator 转辙信号。
铁路英语专业词汇
资料铁路；铁道 railway railroad 铁路线 railway line ； railroad line 铁路网 railway network ； railroad network 铁道科学 railway science 铁路技术 railway technology 铁路等级 railway classification国有铁路 national railway ； state railway地方铁路 local railway ； regional railway私有铁路 private railway合资铁路 joint investment railway ； jointly owned railway标准轨铁路 standard-gage railway窄轨铁路 narrow-gage railway米轨铁路 meter-gage railway单线铁路 single track railway 双线铁路 double track railway 多线铁路 multiple track railway 重载铁路 heavy haul railway 高速铁路 high speed railway电气化铁路；电力铁路 electrified railway ； electric railway干线铁路 main line railway ； trunk railway 市郊铁路 suburban railway地下铁道；地铁 subway ； metro ； undergroundrailway工业企业铁路 industry railway 矿山铁路 mine railway轻轨铁路 light railway ； light rail高架铁路 elevated railway磁浮铁路 magnetic levitation railway ； maglev 森林铁路 forest railway 山区铁路 mountain railway 既有铁路 existing railway 新建铁路 newly-built railway 改建铁路 reconstructed railway运营铁路 railway in operation ； operation ； operating railway专用铁路 special purpose railway 干线 trunk line ； main line 支线 branch line铁路专用线 railway special line货运专线 railway line for freight traffic ； freight special line ； freight traffic only line客运专线 railway line for passenger traffic ； passengerspecial line；passenger traffic only line客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic铁路运营长度；运营里程operation length of railway；operating distance；revenue length列车运行图train diagram铁路建筑长度construction length of railway区间section区段district轨距rail gage；rail gauge轮重wheel load轴重axle load最大轴重maximum allowable axle load限制轴重axle load limited限界clearance；gauge限界图clearance diagram 铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance；structure clearance for railway；railway struction gauge基本建筑限界fundamental construction clearance；fundamental structure gauge桥梁建筑限界bridge construction clearance；bridgestructure gauge隧道建筑界限tunnel construction clearance；tunnelstructure gauge铁路机车车辆限界rolling stock clearance forrailway；vehicle gauge机车车辆上部限界clearance limit for upper part ofrolling stock机车车辆下部限界clearance limit for lower part ofrolling stock装载限界loading clearance limit；loading gauge阔大货物限界clearance limit for freight withexceptional dimension；clearance limit for oversizecommodities接触网限界clearance limt for overhead contract wire；clearance limit for overhead catenary system；overheadcatenary system gauge列车与线路相互作用track-train interaction轮轨关系wheel-rail relation；wheel-rail interaction粘着系数adhesion coefficient车轮滑行wheel sliding；wheel skid车轮空转wheel slipping牵引种类kinds of traction；category of traction牵引方式mode of traction牵引定数tonnage rating；tonnage of traction装载系数loading coefficient速度speed持续速度continuous speed限制速度limited speed；speed restriction均衡速度balancing speed资料构造速度construction speed；design speed最高速度maximum speed临界速度critical speed重载列车heavy haul train高速列车high speed train超长超重列车exceptionally long and heavy train 列车正面冲突train collision列车尾追train tail collision列车尾部防护train rear end protection伸缩运动fore and aft motion蛇行运动hunting；nosing列车压缩train running in列车拉伸train running out列车分离train separation列车颠覆train overturning 列车动力学train dynamics列车空气动力学train acrodynamics机车车辆振动vibration of rolling stock纵向振动longitudinal vibration横向振动lateral vibration垂向振动vertical vibration摆滚振动rock-roll vibration浮沉振动bouncing；vibration测滚振动rolling ；vibration测摆振动swaying；vibration点头振动pitching；nodding摇头振动yawing；hunting机车车辆共振resonance of rolling stock机车车辆冲击impact of rolling纵向冲击longitudinal impact横向冲击lateral impact垂向冲击vertical impact货运站综合作业自动化automation of syntheticoperations at freight station行车指挥自动化automation of traffic control编组场综合作业自动化automation of syntheticoperations in marshalling yard铁路运营信息系统railway operation informationsystem铁路数据交换系统railway data exchange system运营系统模拟simulation of operation system铁路法railway law铁道法规railway act铁路条例railway code铁路技术管理规程regulations of railway technicaloperation综合运输comprehensive transport；multi-mode资料transport；intermode transport国际铁路联运international railway through traffic大陆桥；洲际铁路transcontinental railway；intercontinental railway；land-railway国际联运协定agreement of international through traffic国际联运议定书protocol of international through traffic国际铁路联运公约convention of international railway through traffic铁路新线建设newly-built railway construction铁路技术改造technical reform of railway；technical renovation of railway；betterment and improvement of railway铁路主要技术条件main technical standard of railway；main techincal requirement of railway单位工程unit project 分部工程part project分项工程item project预可行性研究pre-feasibility study项目建议书proposed task of project可行性研究feasibility study设计阶段design phase；design stage三阶段设计three-step design；three-phase design两阶段设计two-step design；two-phase design一阶段设计one-step design；one-phase design初步设计preliminary design技术设计technical design扩大初步设计enlarged preliminary design；expandedpreliminary design施工图设计construction detail design；working-drawing design变更设计altered design设计概算apporximate estimate of design；budgetaryestimate of design个别概算individual approximate estimate综合概算comprehensive approximate estimate总概算sum of approximate estimate；total estimate；summary estimate修正总概算amended sum of approximate estimate；revised general estimate调整总概算adjusted sum of approximate estimate投资检算checking of investment预算定额rating of budget；rating form for budget概算定额rating of approximate estimate；rating formfor estimate投资估算investment estimate估算指标index of estimate机械台班定额rating per machine per team；rating permachine-team工程直接费direct expense of project；direct cost of资料..资料project工程间接费 indirect expense of project ； indirect cost of project工程预备费 reserve fund of project设计鉴定 certification of design ； appraisal of design竣工决算 final accounts of completed project铁路用地 right-of-way铁路勘测 railway reconnaissance调查测绘 survey and drawing of investigation ； investigation survey ； investigation surveying and sketching地形调查 topographic survey地貌调查 topographic feature survey ； geomorphologic survey 地质调查 geologic survey经济调查 economic investigation ； economic survey水文地质调查 hydrogeologic survey土石成分调查 survey of soil and rock composition 土石物理力学性质 physical and mechanical properties of soil and rock土石分类 classificaion of soil and rock地基承载力 bearing capacity of foundation ； bearingcapacity of ground ； bearing of subgrade隧道围岩分级 classification of tunnel surroundingrock地质图测绘 survey and drawing of geological map ； surveying and sketching of geological map 勘探 exploration ； prospecting 挖探 excavation prospecting钻探 boring ； exploration drilling 物探 geophysical prospecting室内测试 indoor test ； laboratory test原位测试 in situ test静力触探 static sounding ； static probing ； conepenetration test动力触探试验 dynamic penetration test 标准贯入试验 standard penetration test 区域地质 regional geology 工程地质 engineering geology 不良地质 unfavorable geology 特殊地质 special geology工程地质条件 engineering geologic ； requirement ； engineering geologic condition 气象资料 meteorological data 冻结深度 freezing depth地震基本烈度 basic intensity of earthquake ； seismicbasic intensity工程地质图 engineering geological map地层柱状图 column diagram of stratum ； graphic logs of strata ； drill log of stratum 洪水调查 flood survey河道调查river course survey冰凌调查ice floe survey；frazil ice survey汇水区流域特征调查survey of catchment basin characteristics水文断面hydrologic sectional drawing；dydrologic section；hydrologic cross-section主河槽main river channel设计流速design current velocity设计高程；设计标高design elevation河流比降slope of river；comparable horizon of river 历史洪水位historic flood level最高水位highest water level；HWL通航水位navigation water level；NWL桥涵水文hydrology of bridge and culvert水利半径hydraulic radius桥前壅水高度backwater height in front of bridge；top water level in front of bridge桥渡勘测设计survey and design of bridge crossing水面坡度slope of water surface水文测量hydrological survey泥石流流域catchment basin of debris flow分水岭watershed；dividing ridge汇水面积catchment area；water collecting area；drainage area洪水频率flood frequency设计流量design discharge设计水位design water level施工水位construction level；construction waterlevel；working water level设计洪水过程线designed flood hydrograph容许冲刷allowable scour一般冲刷general scour局部冲刷local scour；partial scour铁路测量railway survey线路踏勘；草测route reconnaissance初测preliminary survey定测location survey；alignment；final locationsurvey导线测量traversing；traverse survey光电导线photoelectric traverse地形测量topographical survey横断面测量cross leveling；cross-section survey；cross-section leveling线路测量route survey；profile survey；longitudinalsurvey既有线测量；旧线测量survey of existing railway线路复测repetition survey of existing railway；resurvey of existing railway测量精度survey precision；precision of survey资料均方差；中误差mean square error最大误差；极限误差maximum error；limiting error 中线测量center line survey中线桩center line stake加桩additional stake；plus stake外移桩shift out stake；stake outward；offset stake 水准点高程测量benchmark leveling中桩高程测量；中平center stake leveling曲线控制点curve control point放线setting-out of route；lay out of route交点intersection point副交点auxiliary intersection point转向角deflection angle分转向角auxiliary deflection angle坐标方位角plane-coordinate azimuth 象限角quadrantal angle经纬距plane rectangular coordinate断链broken chain投影断链projection of broken chain断高broken height铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测railway aerialphotogrammetry铁路航空勘测railway aerial surveying航带设计flight strip design；design of flight strip铁路工程地质遥感remote sensing of railwayengineering geology测段segment of survey航测选线aerial surveying alignment航测外控点field control point of aerophotogrammetry全球定位系统global positioning system；GPS像片索引图index of photography三角测量trigonometric survey；triangulation精密导线测量precise traverse survey；accuratetraverse survey三角高程测量trigonometric leveling隧道洞外控制测量ouside tunnel control survey隧道洞内控制测量in tunnel control survey；throughsurvey隧道洞口投点horizontal point of tunnel portal；geodetic control point of portal location of adit桥轴线测量survey of bridge axis铁路选线railway location；approximate railwaylocation；location of railway route selection平原地区选线location in plain region；plain location越岭选线location of mountain line；location of line inmountain region；location over mountain山区河谷选线mountain and valley region location；location of line of in mountain and valley region资料丘陵地段选线hilly land location；location of line on hilly land工程地质选线engineering geoligic location of line线间距distance between centers of tracks；midway between tracks车站分布distribution of stations方案比选scheme comparison；route alternative投资回收期repayment period of capital cost纸上定线paper location of line缓坡地段section of easy grade；section of gentle slope紧坡地段section of sufficient grade非紧坡地段section of unsufficient grade；section fo insufficient grade导向线leading line；alignment guiding line拔起高度；克服高度height of lifting；lifting height；ascent of elevation横断面选线cross-section method of railway location；location with cross-section method；cross-sectionmethod for location of line展线extension of line；development of line；linedevelopment展线系数coefficient of extension line；coefficient ofdevelopment line套线overlapping line线路平面图track plan；line plan线路纵断面图track profile；line profile站坪长度length of station site站坪坡度grade of station site控制区间control section；controlling section最小曲线半径minimum radius of curve圆曲线circular curve单曲线simple curve缓和曲线transition curve；easement curve；spiraltransition curve缓和曲线半截变更率rate of easement curvature；rateof transition curve复曲线compound curve同向曲线curves of same sense；adjacent curves inone direction反向曲线reverse curve；curve of opposite sense夹直线intermediate straight line；tangent betweencurves坡度grade；gradient；slope人字坡double spur grade限制坡度ruling grade；limiting grade加力牵引坡度pusher grade；assisting grade最大坡度maximum grade临界坡度critical grade长大坡度long steep grade；long heavy grade动力坡度momentum grade均衡坡度balanced grade资料有害地段harmful district无害地段harmless district变坡点point of gradient change；breake in grade坡段grade section坡段长度length of grade section坡度差algebraic difference between adjacent gradients 竖曲线vertical curve分坡平段level stretch between opposite sign gradient 缓和坡度slight grade；flat grade；easy grade起动缓坡flat gradient for starting加速缓坡easy gradient for acceleration；accelerating grade坡度折减compensation of gradient；gradient compensation；grade compensation曲线折减compensation of curve；curve compesation 隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient in tunnel；compensation grade in tunnel绕行地段detouring section；round section换侧；换边change side of double line容许应力设计法allowable stress design method破损阶段设计法plastic stage design method极限状态设计法limit state design method概率极限状态设计法；可靠度设计法probabilisaticlimit state design method地震系数法seismic coefficient method路基subgrade；road bed；formation subgrade岩石路基rock subgrade渗水土路基permeable soil subgrade；perviousembankment非渗水土路基non-permeable soil subgrade；impervious embankment特殊土路基subgrade of special soil软土地区路基subgrade in soft soil zone；subgrade insoft；clay region泥沼地区路基subgrade in bog zone；subgrade inmorass region；subgrade in swampland膨胀土地区路基；裂土地区路基subgrade in swellingsoil zone；subgrade in expansive soil region盐渍土地区路基subgrade in salty soil zone；subgrade in saline soil region多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soil zone特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special condition河滩路堤embankment on plain river beach滨河路堤embankment on river bank水库路基subgrade in reservoir；embankmentcrossing reservoir崩塌地段路基subgrade in rock fall district；subgradein collapse zone岩堆地段路基subgrade in rock deposit zone；subgrade in talus zone；subgrade in scree zone资料滑坡地段路基subgrade in slide岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基subgrade in karst zone洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone；subgrade in cavern zone风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone；subgrade in desert雪害地段路基subgrade in snow damage zone；subgrade in snow disaster zone泥石流地段路基subgrade in debris flow zone路基横断面subgrade cross-section路基面subgrade surface；formation路基面宽度width of the subgrade surface；formation width路拱road crown；subgrade crown路肩Road shoulder；subgrade shoulder路肩高程formation level；shoulder level路堤embankment；fill 路堑cut；road；cutting半堤半堑part-cut and part-fill section；cut and fillsection基床subgrade bed；formation基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed；formationtop layer；surface layer of subgrade基床表层bottom layer of subgrade；formation baselayer；bottom layer of subgrade bed一般路基general subgrade；ordinary subgrade最小填筑高度minimum fill height of subgrade；minimum height of fill临界高度critical height基底foundation base；base路堤边坡side slope of embankment；fill slope talus坡脚toe of side slope护道berm取土坑borrow pit路堤填料embankment fill material；embankmentfiller；filling material of embankment填料分类classification of filling material岩块填料rock block filler；rock filler；rock fill粗粒土填料coarse-grained soil filler；coarse-grainedsoil fill细粒土填料fine-grained soil filler；fine-grained soilfill压实标准compacting criteria相对密度relative density压实系数compacting factor；compacting coefficient最佳含水量optimum moisture content；best moisturecontent最佳密度optimum density；best density核子密度湿度测定determination of nucleardensity-moisture资料路基承载板测定determination of bearing slab of subgrade预留沉落量reserve settlement；settlement allowance 反压护道berm with superloading；berm for back pressure；counter swelling berm石灰砂桩lime sand pile换土change soil；soil replacement爆破排淤blasting discharging sedimentation；silt arresting by explosion；discharge of sedimentation by blasting抛石挤淤throwing stones to packing sedimentation；packing sedimentation by throwing stones；packing up sedimentation by dumping stones路堑石方爆破rock cutting blasting；rock blasting in cut定向爆破directional blasting浅孔爆破shallow hole blasting 深孔爆破deep hole blasting洞室药包爆破chamber explosive package blasting；chamher blasting扬弃爆破abandoned blasting；abandonment blasting抛掷爆破pin-point blasting松动爆破blasting for loosening rock药壶爆破pot hole blasting裸露腰包爆破adobe blasting；contact blasting路堑边坡cutting slope；side slope of cut堑顶top of cutting slope；top of cutting路堑平台platform of cutting；berm in cutting弃土堆waste bank；bankette；spoil bank挡土墙retaining wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall；gravityretaining wall with relieving platform；balanced typeretaining wall锚定板挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods；anchored bulkhead retaining wall；anchored plateretaining wall加筋土挡土墙reinforced earth retaining wall；reinforced soil retaining wall锚杆挡墙anchored bolt retaining wall；anchoragedretaining wall by tie rods管柱挡墙cylindrical shaft retaining wall沉井挡墙caisson retaining wall抗滑桩anti-slide pile；counter-sliding pile护墙guard wall护坡slope protection；revertment；pitching排水沟weep drain；drainage ditch；drain ditch边沟；侧沟side ditch天沟gutter；overhead ditch；intercepting ditch吊沟suspended ditch资料跌水hydraulic drop截水沟intercepting ditch；catch-drain急流槽chute排水槽drainage channel渗水暗沟blind drain渗水隧洞leak tunnel；permeable tunnel；drainage tunnel渗井leaching well；seepage well渗管leaky pipe平孔排水horizontal hole drainage反滤层reverse filtration layer；inverted filter；protective filter检查井inspection well；manhole砂井；排水砂井sand drain隔断层insulating course；insulating layer透水路堤pervious embankment；permeable embankment渗水路堤immerseable embankment排水砂垫层sand filled drainage layer；drainage sandblanker坡面防护slope protection护岸revetment；shore protection导流堤diversion dike拦石墙stone cut off wall；stone falling wall；buttree落石槽stone falling channel；trough for catchingfalling rocks柴排firewood raft；mattress；willow fascine固沙造林stabilization for sands by afforestation挡风墙wind-break wall防风栅栏wind break fence砂土液化sand liquefaction中-活载CR-live loading；China railway standardloading桥梁标准活载standard live load for bridge桥梁荷载谱bridge load spectrum换算均布活载equivalent uniform live load设计荷载design load主力principal load恒载dead load土压力earth load静水压力hydrostatic pressure浮力buoyancy列车活载live load of train列车离心力centrifugal force of train列车冲击力；冲击荷载impact force of train冲击系数ceofficient of impact人行道荷载sidewalk loading附加力subsidiary load；secondary load资料列车制动力braking force of train列车牵引力tractive force of train风荷载wind load列车横向摇摆力lateral swaying force of train流水压力pressure of water flow冰压力ice pressure冻胀力frost heaving force特殊荷载particular load船只或排筏的撞击力collision force of ship or raft 地震力seismic force地震烈度earthquake intensity地震震级earthquake magnitude施工荷载constructional loading荷载组合loading conbination铁路桥railway bridge 公铁两用桥combined bridge；combined highway andrailway bridge；combined rail-cum-road bridge跨线桥；立交桥overpass bridge；grade separationbridge；flyover高架桥viaduct旱桥dry bridge人行桥foot bridge；pedestrian bridge圬工桥masonry bridge钢桥steel bridge铆接钢桥riveted steel bridge栓焊钢桥bolted and welded steel bridge全焊钢桥all welded steel bridge摩擦结合式高强度螺栓high strength friction grip bolt扭剪式高强度螺栓torshear type high strength blot螺栓示功扳手bolt wrench with indicator混凝土桥concrete bridge钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥prestressed concrete bridge先张法预应力梁pretensioned prestressed concretegirder后张法预应力梁post-tensioned prestressed concretegirder部分预应力混凝土桥partially prestressed concretebridge结合梁桥composite beam bridge低高度梁shallow girder无碴无枕梁girder without ballast and sleeper型钢混凝土梁；劲性骨架混凝土梁girder with rolledsteel section encased in concrete；skeleton reinforcedconcrete girder简支梁桥simply supported beam bridge连续梁桥continuous beam bridge资料悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge板桥slab bridge空心板桥hollow slab bridge板梁plate girder工形梁I-beam箱形梁box girder槽形梁trough girder桁架truss拆装式桁架demountable truss刚架桥；刚构桥rigid frame bridge斜腿刚架桥；斜腿刚构桥strutted beam bridge；slant-legged rigid frame bridge悬板桥；悬带桥stressed ribbon bridge悬索桥；吊桥suspension bridge斜拉桥cable-stayed bridge浮桥pontoon bridge；floating bridge；bateau bridge 拱桥arch bridge固端拱；无铰拱fixed-end arch双铰拱two-hinged arch三铰拱three-hinged arch实腹拱spandrel-filled arch；solid-spandrel arch空腹拱open-spandrel arch双曲拱two-way curved arch；cross-curved arch系杆拱；柔性系杆刚性拱tied arch榔格尔式桥；刚性系杆柔性拱桥Langer bridge；flexible arch bridge with rigid tie洛泽式桥；直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥Lohse bridge；rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders尼尔森桥Nielsen systen bridge尼尔森式骆泽梁桥；斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥Nielsentype Lhse bridge；rigid arch bridge with fighd tie andinclined suspenders活动桥movable bridge竖旋桥bascule bridge平旋桥swing bridge升降桥lift bridge正交桥right bridge斜交桥skew bridge曲线桥curved bridge曲梁curved beam特大桥super maior bridge大桥major bridge中桥medium bridge小桥minor bridge单线桥single track bridge双线桥double track bridge多线桥multi-track bridge正桥；主桥main bridge资料引桥approach spans上承式桥deck bridge半穿式桥；中承式half through bridge；midheight deck bridge下承式桥through bridge双层桥double-deck bridge永久性桥permanent bridge临时性桥；便桥temporary bridge跨径；跨度span净跨clear spam桥梁全长overall length of bridge桥下净空underneath clearance主梁中心距center to center distance between main girder节间长度panel length梁高depth of girder 拱度camber挠度deflection节间panel锚跨；锚孔anchor span悬跨；吊孔suspended span桥梁上部结构superstructure腹板web plate翼缘flange翼缘板flange plate弦杆chord member腹杆web member斜杆diagonal member竖杆vertical member吊杆suspender hanger加劲杆stiffener节点panel point节点板gusset plate拼接板splice plate缀条lacing bar缀板stay plate；tie plate侧向水平联结系lateral bracing横联sway bracing制动撑架braking bracing桥门架portal frame纵梁stringer横梁floor beam；transverse beam桥面系floor system端横梁end floor beam起重横梁jacking floor beam梁端缓冲梁auxiliary girder for controlling angle资料..资料change应变时效 strain ageing碳当量 carbon equivalent钢丝 steel wire钢丝束 bundled steel wires钢绞线 steel strand钢筋 reinforcement ； steel bar箍筋 stirrup纵向钢筋 longitudinal reinforcement弯起钢筋 bent-up bar架立钢筋 erection bar构造钢筋 constructional reinforcement预应力筋 tendon套管 sheath梁腋 haunch拱圈 arch ring拱肋 arch rib 拱顶 rach crown拱矢 rise of arch起拱点 springing拱腹 soffit拱腹线 intrados拱背钱 extrados桥塔 bridge tower ； pylon索平面 cable plane缆索 cable斜缆 stay cable ； inclined cable吊缆 suspension cable索鞍 cable saddle索夹 cable band ； cable clamp锚座 socket锚碇 anchorage明桥面 open deck ； ballastless deck ； open floor 桥梁道碴槽 ballast trough道碴桥面 ballasted deck ； ballasted floor 桥梁护轨 guard rall of bridge 桥梁护木 guard timber of bridge 桥枕 bridge tie ； bridge sleeper 桥上人行道 sidewalk on bridge 步行板 foot plank 避车台 refuge platform 伸缩缝 expansion joint 正交异性板 orthotropic plate 栏杆 railing ； handrail ； handrailing 泻水孔 drainage opening直结轨道 track fastened directly to steel girders抗剪连接件；抗剪结合件shear connector支座bearing固定支座fixed bearing活动支座expension bearing；movable bearing平板支座plate bearing摇轴芝座rocker bearing滚轴支座roller bearing球面支座spherical bearing板式橡胶支座laminated rubber bearing盆式橡胶支座pot rubber bearing聚四氯乙烯支座poly-tetrafluoroedthylene bearing；PTFE bearing涡流激振wortex-excited oscillation弛振galloping颤振flutter扰流板spoiler 风嘴wind fairing桥梁自振周期natural vibration period of bridge浮运架桥法bridge erection by floating架桥机架设法erection by bridge girder erectingequipment顶推式架设法erection by incremental launching拖拉架设法launching method赝架式架设法erection with scaffolding悬臂架设法catilever erection；erection by protrusion悬臂灌注法cast-in-place cantilever construction；freecantilever segmental concreting with suspendedformwork悬臂拼装法cantilevered assembling constrution；freecantilever erection with segments of precast concrete预制混凝土构件precast concrete units；precastconcrete members活动模架逐跨施工法segmental span-by-spanconstruction using form traveller桥梁合龙closure就地贯注法cast-in-place method；cast-in-situ method活动吊篮travelling cradle顶进法jack-in method旋转法施工；转体施工erection by swing method液压式张拉千斤顶hydraulic tensioning jack桥梁下部结构substructure桥台abutment重力式桥台gravity abutment埋置式桥台buried abutment锚定板式桥台anchor slab abutmentU形桥台U-shaped abutment耳墙式桥台abutment with cantilevered retaining wall台身abutment body前墙front wall资料台帽abutment coping翼墙wing wall锥体护坡quadrant revetment；truncated cone banking 台后填方filling behind abutment桥墩pier空心桥墩hollow pier实体桥墩solid pier重力式桥墩gravity pier柔性桥墩flexible pier拼装式桥墩assembly pier；pier constructed with precast units制动墩braking pier柱式桥墩column pierV形桥墩V-shaped pier圆端形桥墩round-ended pier圆形桥墩circular pier 矩形桥墩rectangular pier排架式桥墩pile bent pier墩身pier body；pier shaft墩帽pier coping围栏railing around coping of pier or abutment承台bearing platform破冰体ice apron；ice-breaking cutwater；ice guard地基foundation；foundation soil；subgrade加固地基improved foundation；improved ground天然地基natural foundation；natural ground桥梁基础bridge foundation扩大基础spread foundation明挖基础open-cut foundation；open excavationfoundation沉井基础open caisson foundation浮式沉井基础floating caisson foundation沉井刃脚cutting edge of open caisson围堰cofferdam双壁钢围堰钻孔基础double wall steel cofferdambored foundation预制钢壳钻孔基础prefabricated steel shell boredfoundation泥浆套沉井法slurry jacket method for sinking caisson空气幕沉井法air curtain method for sinking caisson沉箱基础pneumatic caisson foundation管柱基础tubular column foundation桩基础pile foundation预制桩precast pile就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile；cast-in-situconcrete pile螺旋喷射桩auger injected pile摩擦桩friction pile支承桩bearing pile资料钻孔桩bored pile挖孔桩dug pile钢桩steel pile钢管桩steel pipe pile钢板桩steel sheet pile板桩sheet pile木桩timber pile钢筋混凝土桩reinforced concrete pile砂桩sand pile挤密砂桩sand conpaction pile流砂quick sand；drift sand送桩pile follower试桩test pile斜桩batter pile；raking pile；spur pile 护筒pile casting 重锤夯实法heavy tamping method灰土换填夯实法mothod of lime-soil replacement andtamping灌注水下混凝土underwater concreting；concretingwith tremie method导流建筑物regulating structure丁坝；挑水坝spur dike顺坝longitudinal dam河床铺砌river bed paving码头wharf排架bent脚手架scaffold悬空脚手架hanging stage；hanging scaffold铁路涵洞railway culvert涵洞孔径aperture of culvert管涵pipe culvert箱涵box culvert拱涵arch culvert盖板涵slab culvert无压力涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert压力式涵洞outlet submerged culvert半压力式涵洞inlet submerged culvert明渠open channel；open ditch；open drain倒虹吸管inverted siphon潮汐河流tidal river淤积silting；siltation流冰ice drift铁路轮渡railway car ferries轮渡站ferry station轮渡栈桥ferry trestle bridge渡轮ferry boat资料轮渡引线；轮渡斜引道ferry slip铁路隧道railway tunnel山岭隧道mountain tunnel越岭隧道over mountain line tunnel水下隧道；水地隧道subaqueous tunnel；underwater tunnel地铁隧道subway tunne；underground railway tunnel 浅埋隧道shallow tunnel；shallow-depth tunnel；shallow burying tunnel深埋隧道deep tunnel；deep-depth tunnel；deep burying tunnel单线隧道single track tunnel双线隧道double track tunnel多线隧道multiple track tunnel车站隧道station tunnel地铁车站subway station；metro station特长隧道super long tunnel 长隧道long tunnel中长隧道medium tunnel短隧道short tunnel隧道群tunnel group地铁工程subway engineering；metro engineering洞口tunne ladit；tunnel opening隧道进口tunnel entrance隧道出口tunnel exit迎坡；正面坡front slope洞门tunnel portal洞门框tunnel portal frame端墙式洞门end wall tunnel portal柱式洞门post tunnel portal翼墙式洞门wing wall tunnel portal耳墙式洞门ear wall tunnel portal台阶式洞门bench tunnel portal正洞门orthonormal tunnel portal；straight tunnelportal斜洞门skew tunnel portal明洞门open-cut-tunnel portal；gallery portal衬砌lining拱圈arch边墙side wall仰拱invert；inverted arch底板floor整体式衬砌integral lining装配式衬砌precast lining；prefabricated lining模筑衬砌moulded lining洞口段衬砌lining of tunnel portal section偏压衬砌unsymmetrically loading lining；eccentrically compressed lining资料。
铁路工程英语常用词汇
铁路工程英语常用词汇铁路线railway line；railroad line铁路网railway network；railroad network铁道科学railway science铁路技术railway technology铁路等级railway classification国有铁路national railway；state railway地方铁路local railway；regional railway私有铁路private railway合资铁路joint investment railway；jointly owned railway标准轨铁路standard-gage railway窄轨铁路narrow-gage railway米轨铁路meter-gage railway宽轨铁路broad-gage railway单线铁路single track railway双线铁路double track railway多线铁路multiple track railway重载铁路heavy haul railway高速铁路high speed railway电气化铁路；电力铁路electrified railway；electric railway干线铁路main line railway；trunk railway市郊铁路suburban railway地下铁道；地铁subway；metro；underground railway 工业企业铁路industry railway矿山铁路mine railway轻轨铁路light railway；light rail高架铁路elevated railway单轨铁路；独轨铁路monorail；monorail railway磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway；maglev森林铁路forest railway 山区铁路mountain railway既有铁路existing railway新建铁路newly-built railway改建铁路reconstructed railway运营铁路railway in operation；operation；operating railway专用铁路special purpose railway干线trunk line；main line支线branch line铁路专用线railway special line货运专线railway line for freight traffic；freight special line；freight traffic only line客运专线railway line for passenger traffic；passenger special line；passenger traffic only line客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic铁路运营长度；运营里程operation length of railway；operating distance；revenue length列车运行图train diagram铁路建筑长度construction length of railway区间section区段district轨距rail gage；rail gauge轮重wheel load轴重axle load最大轴重maximum allowable axle load限制轴重axle load limited限界clearance；gauge限界图clearance diagram铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance；structure clearance for railway；railway structure gauge基本建筑限界fundamental construction clearance；fundamental structure gauge桥梁建筑限界bridge construction clearance；bridge structure gauge隧道建筑界限tunnel construction clearance；tunnel structure gauge铁路机车车辆限界rolling stock clearance for railway；vehicle gauge机车车辆上部限界clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock机车车辆下部限界clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock装载限界loading clearance limit；loading gauge阔大货物限界clearance limit for freight with exceptional dimension；clearance limit for oversize commodities接触网限界clearance limit for overhead contract wire列车与线路相互作用track-train interaction轮轨关系wheel-rail relation；wheel-rail interaction粘着系数adhesion coefficient车轮滑行wheel sliding；wheel skid车轮空转wheel slipping牵引种类kinds of traction；category of traction牵引方式mode of traction牵引定数tonnage rating；tonnage of traction装载系数loading coefficient速度speed持续速度continuous speed限制速度limited speed；speed restriction均衡速度balancing speed构造速度construction speed；design speed最高速度maximum speed临界速度critical speed重载列车heavy haul train高速列车high speed train 超长超重列车exceptionally long and heavy train列车正面冲突train collision列车尾追train tail collision列车尾部防护train rear end protection伸缩运动fore and aft motion蛇行运动hunting；nosing列车压缩train running in列车拉伸train running out列车分离train separation列车颠覆train overturning列车动力学train dynamics列车空气动力学train acrodynamics机车车辆振动vibration of rolling stock纵向振动longitudinal vibration横向振动lateral vibration垂向振动vertical vibration摆滚振动rock-roll vibration浮沉振动bouncing；vibration测滚振动rolling ；vibration测摆振动swaying；vibration点头振动pitching；nodding摇头振动yawing；hunting机车车辆共振resonance of rolling stock机车车辆冲击impact of rolling纵向冲击longitudinal impact横向冲击lateral impact垂向冲击vertical impact货运站综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations at freight station行车指挥自动化automation of traffic control编组场综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations in marshalling yard铁路运营信息系统railway operation informationsystem铁路数据交换系统railway data exchange system运营系统模拟simulation of operation system铁路法railway law铁道法规railway act铁路条例railway code铁路技术管理规程regulations of railway technical operation综合运输comprehensive transport；multi-mode transport；intermode transport国际铁路联运international railway through traffic大陆桥；洲际铁路transcontinental railway；intercontinental railway；land-railway国际联运协定agreement of international through traffic 国际联运议定书protocol of international through traffic 国际铁路联运公约convention of international railway through traffic铁路新线建设newly-built railway construction铁路技术改造technical reform of railway；technical renovation of railway；betterment and improvement of railway铁路主要技术条件main technical standard of railway；main techincal requirement of railway单位工程unit project分部工程part project分项工程item project预可行性研究pre-feasibility study项目建议书proposed task of project可行性研究feasibility study设计阶段design phase；design stage三阶段设计three-step design；three-phase design两阶段设计two-step design；two-phase design一阶段设计one-step design；one-phase design 初步设计preliminary design技术设计technical design扩大初步设计enlarged preliminary design；expanded preliminary design施工图设计construction detail design；working-drawing design变更设计altered design设计概算approximate estimate of design；budgetary estimate of design个别概算individual approximate estimate综合概算comprehensive approximate estimate总概算sum of approximate estimate；total estimate；summary estimate修正总概算amended sum of approximate estimate；revised general estimate调整总概算adjusted sum of approximate estimate投资检算checking of investment预算定额rating of budget；rating form for budget概算定额rating of approximate estimate；rating form for estimate投资估算investment estimate估算指标index of estimate机械台班定额rating per machine per team；rating per machine-team工程直接费direct expense of project；direct cost of project工程间接费indirect expense of project；indirect cost of project工程预备费reserve fund of project设计鉴定certification of design；appraisal of design 竣工决算final accounts of completed project铁路用地right-of-way铁路勘测railway reconnaissance调查测绘survey and drawing of investigation；investigation survey；investigation surveying and sketching地形调查topographic survey地貌调查topographic feature survey；geomorphologic survey地质调查geologic survey经济调查economic investigation；economic survey水文地质调查hydrogeologic survey土石成分调查survey of soil and rock composition土石物理力学性质physical and mechanical properties of soil and rock土石分类classification of soil and rock地基承载力bearing capacity of foundation；bearing capacity of ground；bearing of subgrade隧道围岩分级classification of tunnel surrounding rock 地质图测绘survey and drawing of geological map；surveying and sketching of geological map勘探exploration；prospecting挖探excavation prospecting钻探boring；exploration drilling物探geophysical prospecting室内测试indoor test；laboratory test原位测试in situ test静力触探static sounding；static probing；cone penetration test动力触探试验dynamic penetration test标准贯入试验standard penetration test区域地质regional geology工程地质engineering geology不良地质unfavorable geology特殊地质special geology工程地质条件engineering geologic requirement；engineering geologic condition气象资料meteorological data冻结深度freezing depth地震基本烈度basic intensity of earthquake；seismic basic intensity工程地质图engineering geological map地层柱状图column diagram of stratum；graphic logs of strata；drill log of stratum洪水调查flood survey河道调查river course survey冰凌调查ice floe survey；frazil ice survey汇水区流域特征调查survey of catchment basin characteristics水文断面hydrologic sectional drawing；hydrologic section；hydrologic cross-section主河槽main river channel设计流速design current velocity设计高程；设计标高design elevation河流比降slope of river；comparable horizon of river 历史洪水位historic flood level最高水位highest water level；HWL通航水位navigation water level；NWL桥涵水文hydrology of bridge and culvert水利半径hydraulic radius桥前壅水高度backwater height in front of bridge；top water level in front of bridge桥渡勘测设计survey and design of bridge crossing水面坡度slope of water surface水文测量hydrological survey泥石流流域catchment basin of debris flow分水岭watershed；dividing ridge汇水面积catchment area；water collecting area；drainage area洪水频率flood frequency设计流量design discharge设计水位design water level施工水位construction level；construction water level；working water level设计洪水过程线designed flood hydrograph容许冲刷allowable scour一般冲刷general scour局部冲刷local scour；partial scour铁路测量railway survey线路踏勘；草测route reconnaissance初测preliminary survey定测location survey；alignment；final location survey 导线测量traversing；traverse survey光电导线photoelectric traverse地形测量topographical survey横断面测量cross leveling；cross-section survey；cross-section leveling线路测量route survey；profile survey；longitudinal survey既有线测量；旧线测量survey of existing railway线路复测repetition survey of existing railway；resurvey of existing railway测量精度survey precision；precision of survey均方差；中误差mean square error最大误差；极限误差maximum error；limiting error 中线测量center line survey中线桩center line stake加桩additional stake；plus stake外移桩shift out stake；stake outward；offset stake水准点高程测量benchmark leveling中桩高程测量；中平center stake leveling曲线控制点curve control point 放线setting-out of route；lay out of route交点intersection point副交点auxiliary intersection point转向角deflection angle分转向角auxiliary deflection angle坐标方位角plane-coordinate azimuth象限角quadrantal angle经纬距plane rectangular coordinate断链broken chain投影断链projection of broken chain断高broken height铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测railway aerial photogrammetry铁路航空勘测railway aerial surveying航带设计flight strip design；design of flight strip铁路工程地质遥感remote sensing of railway engineering geology测段segment of survey航测选线aerial surveying alignment航测外控点field control point of aerophotogrammetry 全球定位系统global positioning system；GPS像片索引图index of photography三角测量trigonometric survey；triangulation精密导线测量precise traverse survey；accurate traverse survey三角高程测量trigonometric leveling隧道洞外控制测量ouside tunnel control survey隧道洞内控制测量in tunnel control survey；through survey隧道洞口投点horizontal point of tunnel portal；geodetic control point of portal location of adit桥轴线测量survey of bridge axis铁路选线railway location；approximate railwaylocation；location of railway route selection平原地区选线location in plain region；plain location 越岭选线location of mountain line；location of line in mountain region；location over mountain山区河谷选线mountain and valley region location；location of line of in mountain and valley region丘陵地段选线hilly land location；location of line on hilly land工程地质选线engineering geoligic location of line线间距distance between centers of tracks；midway between tracks车站分布distribution of stations方案比选scheme comparison；route alternative投资回收期repayment period of capital cost纸上定线paper location of line缓坡地段section of easy grade；section of gentle slope 紧坡地段section of sufficient grade非紧坡地段section of unsufficient grade；section fo insufficient grade导向线leading line；alignment guiding line拔起高度；克服高度height of lifting；lifting height；ascent of elevation横断面选线cross-section method of railway location；location with cross-section method；cross-section method for location of line展线extension of line；development of line；line development展线系数coefficient of extension line；coefficient of development line套线overlapping line线路平面图track plan；line plan线路纵断面图track profile；line profile站坪长度length of station site 站坪坡度grade of station site控制区间control section；controlling section最小曲线半径minimum radius of curve圆曲线circular curve单曲线simple curve缓和曲线transition curve；easement curve；spiral transition curve缓和曲线半截变更率rate of easement curvature；rate of transition curve复曲线compound curve同向曲线curves of same sense；adjacent curves in one direction反向曲线reverse curve；curve of opposite sense夹直线intermediate straight line；tangent between curves坡度grade；gradient；slope人字坡double spur grade限制坡度ruling grade；limiting grade加力牵引坡度pusher grade；assisting grade最大坡度maximum grade临界坡度critical grade长大坡度long steep grade；long heavy grade动力坡度momentum grade均衡坡度balanced grade有害地段harmful district无害地段harmless district变坡点point of gradient change；breake in grade坡段grade section坡段长度length of grade section坡度差algebraic difference between adjacent gradients 竖曲线vertical curve分坡平段level stretch between opposite sign gradient缓和坡度slight grade；flat grade；easy grade起动缓坡flat gradient for starting加速缓坡easy gradient for acceleration；accelerating grade坡度折减compensation of gradient；gradient compensation；grade compensation曲线折减compensation of curve；curve compesation 隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient in tunnel；compensation grade in tunnel绕行地段detouring section；round section换侧；换边change side of double line容许应力设计法allowable stress design method破损阶段设计法plastic stage design method极限状态设计法limit state design method概率极限状态设计法；可靠度设计法probabilistic limit state design method地震系数法seismic coefficient method路基subgrade；road bed；formation subgrade岩石路基rock subgrade渗水土路基permeable soil subgrade；pervious embankment非渗水土路基non-permeable soil subgrade；impervious embankment特殊土路基subgrade of special soil软土地区路基subgrade in soft soil zone；subgrade in soft；clay region泥沼地区路基subgrade in bog zone；subgrade in morass region；subgrade in swampland膨胀土地区路基；裂土地区路基subgrade in swelling soil zone；subgrade in expansive soil region盐渍土地区路基subgrade in salty soil zone；subgrade in saline soil region多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soil zone特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special condition 河滩路堤embankment on plain river beach滨河路堤embankment on river bank水库路基subgrade in reservoir；embankment crossing reservoir崩塌地段路基subgrade in rock fall district；subgrade in collapse zone岩堆地段路基subgrade in rock deposit zone；subgrade in talus zone；subgrade in scree zone滑坡地段路基subgrade in slide岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基subgrade in karst zone 洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone；subgrade in cavern zone风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone；subgrade in desert雪害地段路基subgrade in snow damage zone；subgrade in snow disaster zone泥石流地段路基subgrade in debris flow zone路基横断面subgrade cross-section路基面subgrade surface；formation路基面宽度width of the subgrade surface；formation width路拱road crown；subgrade crown路肩Road shoulder；subgrade shoulder路肩高程formation level；shoulder level路堤embankment；fill路堑cut；road；cutting半堤半堑part-cut and part-fill section；cut and fill section基床subgrade bed；formation基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed；formation top layer；surface layer of subgrade基床表层bottom layer of subgrade；formation base layer；bottom layer of subgrade bed线路工程railway line engineering铁路勘测；铁道勘测railway reconnaissance铁路选线；铁道选线railway route selection；railway location；approximate railway location；location of railway route selection经济勘察economic investigation地质调查geological survey；geologic survey方案比较project comparison铁路勘探；铁道勘探railway exploration铁路测量；铁道测量railway survey线路测量route survey；profile survey；longitudinal survey曲线测量curve survey既有线测量survey of existing line；survey of existing railway铁路线路图；铁道线路图railway map定线location of line铁路设计；铁道设计railway design线路设计track design平面设计plane design纵断面设计longitudinal section design横断面设计transverse section design曲线设计curve design车站设计station design站场设计design of stations and yards标准设计standard design线路等级line grade铁路限界；铁道限界railway clearance建筑限界construction clearance设计规范code of design设计标准design standard铁路线路；铁道线路railway line铁路曲线；铁道曲线railway curve 缓和曲线transition curve；easement curve；spiral transition curve小半径曲线small-radius curve曲线半径curve radius曲线超高super elevation on curve；cant；elevation of curve欠超高inadequate super elevation；deficient super elevation未被平衡加速度unbalanced acceleration竖曲线vertical curve坡道gradient坡度grade；gradient；slope限制坡度ruling grade；limiting grade坡度折减grade compensation；compensation of gradient；gradient compensation避难线refuge siding；catch siding双线插入段double track interpolation铁路连接线；铁道连接线railway connecting line隧道内线路line in tunnel桥头引线bridge approach站线siding站线长度length of station line铁路标志；铁道标志railway sign警冲标fouling point indicator；fouling post线路中心线track center line；central lines of track线间距离；线间距distance between centers of lines；distance between centers of tracks；midway between tracks 线路试验；线路实验track test；road test；running test 路基subgrade铁路路基；路基；铁道路基railway subgrade；subgrade 软土路基soft soil subgrade沙漠路基desert subgrade冻土路基permafrost subgrade膨胀土路基subgrade in swelling soil zone路基基床subgrade bed路堤embankment；fill高路堤high-fill embankment路堑cut；road cutting深路堑deep cutting路肩road shoulder；subgrade shoulder边坡side slope护坡revetment；slope protection；pitching路基滑动subgrade slip滑坡防治landslide preventive treatment路基排水subgrade drainage塑料排水板plastic drainage board路基加固subgrade strengthening土工织物geotextile挡土墙；挡墙retaining walls锚定板anchor plate锚杆anchor bolt抗滑桩antiskid pile；anti-slide pile；counter-sliding pile 加筋土reinforced earth植被vegetation路基防护subgrade protection防护工程protective engineering防护林protection forest防沙sand proof固沙stabilization of sand输导砂sediment transport路侧建筑物roadside structure排水沟weeper drain；weep drain；drainage ditch；drain ditch挡风墙wind-shield wall；wind-break wall隔声墙sound-proof wall防雪栅snow fence；snow guard 轨道理论track theory轨道设计track design轨道参数track parameter轨距track gauge；rail gage；rail gauge轨距加宽track gauge widening轨底坡cant of rail；rail cant轨道力学track dynamics；track mechanics轨道强度track strength轨道阻力track resistance道床阻力trackbed resistance；ballast resistance扣固力fastening force钢轨应力rail stress轨道承载力track bearing capacity轨道稳定性track stability；stability of track轨道试验；轨道实验track test轮轨关系wheel-rail interaction；wheel-rail relation轮轨动力学wheel-rail dynamics轮轨作用力wheel-rail force轮轨接触wheel-rail contact接触应力contact stress轨道结构track structure轨道track铁路轨道；轨道；铁道轨道railway track；track线路上部建筑；轨道track superstructure；track重型轨道heavy track宽轨枕轨道broad sleeper track板式轨道slab track；slab-track整体道床轨道monolithic roadbed track防振轨道anti-vibration track高架轨道elevated track无缝线路jointless line；continuously welded rail track；jointless track桥上轨道结构bridge deck track structure隧道内轨道结构track structure in tunnel钢轨steel rail重型钢轨heavy rail长钢轨long rail焊接长钢轨long welded rail缩短轨shortened rail；standard shortened rail；fabricated short rail used on curves；standard curtailed rail热处理钢轨heat-treated rail合金钢轨alloy steels rail旧钢轨used rail钢轨钢rail steel钢轨螺栓孔rail bolt hole轨缝rail gap；joint gap钢轨焊缝rail welding seam钢轨接头rail joint异型接头compromise joint伸缩接头expansion joint焊接接头welding joint；welded joint绝缘接头track section insulator；insulated joint胶接接头adhesive joint鱼尾板fish plate鱼尾螺栓fish bolt扣件fastening；rail fastening弹性扣件elastic fastening；elastic rail fastening弹条式扣件elastic rod type fastening分开式扣件separated fastening；separated rail fastening；indirect holding fastening扣板式扣件clip fastening刚性扣件rigid fastening垫圈ring道钉spike；track spike；rail spike；dog spike螺纹道钉threading spike；screw spike垫板tie-plate；tie plate 橡胶垫板rubber tie-plate；rubber tie plate防爬器anticreeper；anti-creeper；rail anchor轨距拉杆gauge tie rod轨下基础underrail foundation；sub-rail foundation；sub-rail track bed轨枕sleeper；tie；cross tie木枕wooden sleeper；wooden tie混凝土枕；砼枕concrete sleeper；concrete tie轨枕板；宽轨枕sleeper slab；broad sleeper钢枕steel sleeper；steel tie合成轨枕composite sleeper纵向轨枕longitudinal tie岔枕points sleeper；switch tie；turnout tie桥枕bridge tie；bridge sleeper轨排track panel；track skeleton枕下胶垫rubber pad under sleeper道床track bed；ballast bed碎石道床ballast bed整体道床monolithic track bed；solid bed；integrated ballast bed；monolithic concrete bed沥青道床bituminous raodbed；asphalt roadbed；asphalt cemented ballast bed石棉道床asbestos ballast道碴ballast道床覆盖ballast cover轨道附属设备track auxiliary equipment钢轨涂油器rail lubricator融雪器snow melter复轨器replacer；re-railer；rerailing device脱轨器derailer车挡bumper；bumper post道岔switch；point；turnout；switches and crossings单开道岔single point；simple turnout；lateral turnout双开道岔double turnout三开道岔three-throw turnout；symmetrical three throw turnout；three-way turnout交分道岔slip switch高速道岔high-speed switch切线型道岔tangent turnout道岔设计turnout design过岔速度switch crossing speed辙叉frog；crossing整铸辙叉integrated cast frog锰钢辙叉manganese steel frog crossing焊接辙叉welding frog crossing组合辙叉combined frog；assembled frog可动心轨辙叉movable point frog；movable-point frog 可动翼轨辙叉movable wing rails；movable-wing frog 核子密度湿度测定determination of nuclear density-moisture路基承载板测定determination of bearing slab of subgrade预留沉落量reserve settlement；settlement allowance反压护道berm with superloading；berm for back pressure；counter swelling berm石灰砂桩lime sand pile换土change soil；soil replacement爆破排淤blasting discharging sedimentation；silt arresting by explosion；discharge of sedimentation by blasting抛石挤淤throwing stones to packing sedimentation；packing sedimentation by throwing stones；packing up sedimentation by dumping stones路堑石方爆破rock cutting blasting；rock blasting in cut定向爆破directional blasting 浅孔爆破shallow hole blasting深孔爆破deep hole blasting洞室药包爆破chamber explosive package blasting；chamber blasting扬弃爆破abandoned blasting；abandonment blasting抛掷爆破pin-point blasting松动爆破blasting for loosening rock药壶爆破pot hole blasting裸露腰包爆破adobe blasting；contact blasting路堑边坡cutting slope；side slope of cut堑顶top of cutting slope；top of cutting路堑平台platform of cutting；berm in cutting弃土堆waste bank；bankette；spoil bank挡土墙retaining wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall；gravity retaining wall with relieving platform；balanced type retaining wall锚定板挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods；anchored bulkhead retaining wall；anchored plate retaining wall加筋土挡土墙reinforced earth retaining wall；reinforced soil retaining wall锚杆挡墙anchored bolt retaining wall；anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods管柱挡墙cylindrical shaft retaining wall沉井挡墙caisson retaining wall抗滑桩anti-slide pile；counter-sliding pile护墙guard wall tielu 铁路施工护坡slope protection；revertment；pitching排水沟weep drain；drainage ditch；drain ditch边沟；侧沟side ditch天沟gutter；overhead ditch；intercepting ditch吊沟suspended ditch跌水hydraulic drop截水沟intercepting ditch；catch-drain急流槽chute排水槽drainage channel渗水暗沟blind drain渗水隧洞leak tunnel；permeable tunnel；drainage tunnel渗井leaching well；seepage well渗管leaky pipe平孔排水horizontal hole drainage反滤层reverse filtration layer；inverted filter；protective filter检查井inspection well；manhole砂井；排水砂井sand drain隔断层insulating course；insulating layer透水路堤pervious embankment；permeable embankment渗水路堤immerseable embankment排水砂垫层sand filled drainage layer；drainage sand blanker坡面防护slope protection护岸revetment；shore protection导流堤diversion dike拦石墙stone cut off wall；stone falling wall；buttree 落石槽stone falling channel；trough for catching falling rocks柴排firewood raft；mattress；willow fascine固沙造林stabilization for sands by afforestation挡风墙wind-break wall防风栅栏wind break fence砂土液化sand liquefaction中-活载CR-live loading；China railway standard loading桥梁标准活载standard live load for bridge桥梁荷载谱bridge load spectrum换算均布活载equivalent uniform live load设计荷载design load主力principal load恒载dead load土压力earth load静水压力hydrostatic pressure浮力buoyancy列车活载live load of train列车离心力centrifugal force of train列车冲击力；冲击荷载impact force of train冲击系数coefficient of impact人行道荷载sidewalk loading附加力subsidiary load；secondary load列车制动力braking force of train列车牵引力tractive force of train风荷载wind load列车横向摇摆力lateral swaying force of train流水压力pressure of water flow冰压力ice pressure冻胀力frost heaving force特殊荷载particular load船只或排筏的撞击力collision force of ship or raft地震力seismic force地震烈度earthquake intensity地震震级earthquake magnitude施工荷载constructional loading荷载组合loading combination铁路桥railway bridge公铁两用桥combined bridge；combined highway and railway bridge；combined rail-cum-road bridge跨线桥；立交桥overpass bridge；grade separation bridge；flyover高架桥viaduct旱桥dry bridge人行桥foot bridge；pedestrian bridge圬工桥masonry bridge钢桥steel bridge铆接钢桥riveted steel bridge栓焊钢桥bolted and welded steel bridge全焊钢桥all welded steel bridge摩擦结合式高强度螺栓high strength friction grip bolt扭剪式高强度螺栓torshear type high strength blot螺栓示功扳手bolt wrench with indicator混凝土桥concrete bridge钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥prestressed concrete bridge先张法预应力梁pretensioned prestressed concrete girder 后张法预应力梁post-tensioned prestressed concrete girder部分预应力混凝土桥partially prestressed concrete bridge结合梁桥composite beam bridge低高度梁shallow girder无碴无枕梁girder without ballast and sleeper型钢混凝土梁；劲性骨架混凝土梁girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete；skeleton reinforced concrete girder简支梁桥simply supported beam bridge连续梁桥continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge板桥slab bridge空心板桥hollow slab bridge板梁plate girder 工形梁I-beam箱形梁box girder槽形梁trough girder桁架truss拆装式桁架demountable truss刚架桥；刚构桥rigid frame bridge斜腿刚架桥；斜腿刚构桥strutted beam bridge；slant-legged rigid frame bridge悬板桥；悬带桥stressed ribbon bridge悬索桥；吊桥suspension bridge斜拉桥cable-stayed bridge浮桥pontoon bridge；floating bridge；bateau bridge 拱桥arch bridge固端拱；无铰拱fixed-end arch双铰拱two-hinged arch三铰拱three-hinged arch实腹拱spandrel-filled arch；solid-spandrel arch空腹拱open-spandrel arch双曲拱two-way curved arch；cross-curved arch系杆拱；柔性系杆刚性拱tied arch榔格尔式桥；刚性系杆柔性拱桥Langer bridge；flexible arch bridge with rigid tie洛泽式桥；直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥Lohse bridge；rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders尼尔森桥Nielsen systen bridge尼尔森式骆泽梁桥；斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥Nielsen type Lhse bridge；rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders活动桥movable bridge竖旋桥bascule bridge平旋桥swing bridge升降桥lift bridge正交桥right bridge斜交桥skew bridge曲线桥curved bridge曲梁curved beam特大桥super maior bridge大桥major bridge中桥medium bridge小桥minor bridge单线桥single track bridge双线桥double track bridge多线桥multi-track bridge正桥；主桥main bridge引桥approach spans上承式桥deck bridge半穿式桥；中承式half through bridge；midheight deck bridge下承式桥through bridge双层桥double-deck bridge永久性桥permanent bridge临时性桥；便桥temporary bridge跨径；跨度span净跨clear spam桥梁全长overall length of bridge桥下净空underneath clearance主梁中心距center to center distance between main girder 节间长度panel length梁高depth of girder拱度camber挠度deflection节间panel锚跨；锚孔anchor span悬跨；吊孔suspended span桥梁上部结构superstructure腹板web plate 翼缘flange翼缘板flange plate弦杆chord member腹杆web member斜杆diagonal member竖杆vertical member吊杆suspender hanger加劲杆stiffener节点panel point节点板gusset plate拼接板splice plate缀条lacing bar缀板stay plate；tie plate侧向水平联结系lateral bracing横联sway bracing制动撑架braking bracing桥门架portal frame纵梁stringer横梁floor beam；transverse beam桥面系floor system端横梁end floor beam起重横梁jacking floor beam梁端缓冲梁auxiliary girder for controlling angle change 应变时效strain ageing碳当量carbon equivalent钢丝steel wire钢丝束bundled steel wires钢绞线steel strand钢筋reinforcement；steel bar箍筋stirrup纵向钢筋longitudinal reinforcement弯起钢筋bent-up bar架立钢筋erection bar。
铁路英语专业词汇
铁路英语专业词汇铁路英语专业词汇铁路技术改造technical reform of railway；technical renovation of railway； betterment and improvement of railway 铁路主要技术条件 main technical standard of railway； main techincal requirement of railway单位工程 unit project分部工程 part project分项工程 item project预可行性研究 pre-feasibility study项目建议书 proposed task of project可行性研究 feasibility study设计阶段 design phase； design stage三阶段设计 three-step design； three-phase design两阶段设计 two-step design； two-phase design一阶段设计 one-step design； one-phase design初步设计 preliminary design技术设计 technical design扩大初步设计enlarged preliminary design；expanded preliminary design 施工图设计construction detail design；working-drawing design变更设计 altered design设计概算apporximate estimate of design；budgetary estimate of design 个别概算 individual approximate estimate 综合概算 comprehensive approximate estimate总概算sum of approximate estimate；total estimate；summary estimate 修正总概算amended sum of approximate estimate； revised general estimate 调整总概算 adjusted sum of approximate estimate投资检算 checking of investment预算定额 rating of budget； rating form for budget概算定额rating of approximate estimate；rating form for estimate投资估算 investment estimate估算指标 index of estimate机械台班定额rating per machine per team；rating per machine-team工程直接费 direct expense of project； direct cost of project 工程间接费indirect expense of project；indirect cost of project工程预备费 reserve fund of project设计鉴定 certification of design； appraisal of design竣工决算 final accounts of completed project铁路用地 right-of-way铁路英语专业词汇铁路技术改造technical reform of railway；technical renovation of railway； betterment and improvement of railway 铁路主要技术条件 main technical standard of railway； main techincal requirement of railway单位工程 unit project分部工程 part project分项工程 item project预可行性研究 pre-feasibility study项目建议书 proposed task of project可行性研究 feasibility study设计阶段 design phase； design stage三阶段设计 three-step design； three-phase design两阶段设计 two-step design； two-phase design一阶段设计 one-step design； one-phase design初步设计 preliminary design技术设计 technical design扩大初步设计enlarged preliminary design；expanded preliminary design 施工图设计construction detail design；working-drawing design变更设计 altered design设计概算apporximate estimate of design；budgetary estimate of design 个别概算 individual approximate estimate 综合概算 comprehensive approximate estimate总概算sum of approximate estimate；total estimate；summary estimate 修正总概算amended sum of approximate estimate； revised general estimate 调整总概算 adjusted sum of approximate estimate投资检算 checking of investment预算定额 rating of budget； rating form for budget概算定额rating of approximate estimate；rating form for estimate投资估算 investment estimate估算指标 index of estimate机械台班定额rating per machine per team；rating per machine-team工程直接费 direct expense of project； direct cost of project 工程间接费indirect expense of project；indirect cost of project工程预备费 reserve fund of project设计鉴定 certification of design； appraisal of design竣工决算 final accounts of completed project铁路用地 right-of-way。
铁路术语专用英语
铁路专用英语专业词汇中英对照翻译----铁路工程词汇线路工程 railway line engineering铁路勘测 ;铁道勘测 railway reconnaissance铁路选线 ;铁道选线 railway route selection;railway location;approximate railway location;location of railway route selection经济勘察 economic investigation地质调查 geological survey;geologic survey方案比较 project comparison铁路勘探 ;铁道勘探 railway exploration铁路测量 ;铁道测量 railway survey线路测量 route survey;profile survey;longitudinal survey曲线测量 curve survey既有线测量 survey of existing line;survey of existing railway铁路线路图 ;铁道线路图 railway map定线 location of line铁路设计 ;铁道设计 railway design线路设计 track design平面设计 plane design纵断面设计 longitudinal section design横断面设计 transverse section design曲线设计 curve design车站设计 station design站场设计 design of stations and yards标准设计 standard design线路等级 line grade铁路限界 ;铁道限界 railway clearance建筑限界 construction clearance设计规范 code of design设计标准 design standard铁路线路 ;铁道线路 railway line铁路曲线 ;铁道曲线 railway curve缓和曲线 transition curve;easement curve;spiral transition curve小半径曲线 small-radius curve曲线半径 curve radius曲线超高 superelevation on curve;cant;elevation of curve欠超高 inadequate superelevation;deficient superelevation未被平衡加速度 unbalanced acceleration竖曲线 vertical curve坡道 gradient坡度 grade;gradient;slope限制坡度 ruling grade;limiting grade坡度折减 grade compensation;compensation of gradient;gradient compensation避难线 refuge siding;catch siding双线插入段 double track interpolation铁路连接线 ;铁道连接线 railway connecting line隧道内线路 line in tunnel桥头引线 bridge approach站线 siding站线长度 length of station line铁路标志 ;铁道标志 railway sign警冲标 fouling point indicator;fouling post线路中心线 track center line;central lines of track线间距离 ;线间距 distance between centres of lines;distance between centers of tracks;midway between tracks线路试验 ;线路实验 track test;road test;running test路基 subgrade铁路路基 ;路基;铁道路基 railway subgrade;subgrade软土路基 soft soil subgrade沙漠路基 desert subgrade冻土路基 permafrost subgrade膨胀土路基 subgrade in swelling soil zone路基基床 subgrade bed路堤 embankment;fill高路堤 high-fill embankment路堑 cut;road cutting深路堑 deep cutting路肩 road shoulder;subgrade shoulder边坡 side slope护坡 revetment;slope protection;pitching路基滑动 subgrade slip滑坡防治 landslide preventive treatment路基排水 subgrade drainage塑料排水板 plastic drainage board路基加固 subgrade strengthening土工织物 geotextile挡土墙 ;挡墙 retaining walls锚定板 anchor plate锚杆 anchor bolt抗滑桩 antiskid pile;anti-slide pile;counter-sliding pile加筋土 reinforced earth植被 vegetation路基防护 subgrade protection防护工程 protective engineering防护林 protection forest防沙 sand proof固沙 stabilization of sand输导砂 sediment transport路侧建筑物 roadside structure排水沟 weeper drain;weep drain;drainage ditch;drain ditch挡风墙 wind-shield wall;wind-break wall隔声墙 sound-proof wall防雪栅 snow fence;snow guard轨道理论 track theory轨道设计 track design轨道参数 track parameter轨距 track gauge;rail gage;rail gauge轨距加宽 track gauge widening轨底坡 cant of rail;rail cant轨道力学 track dynamics;track mechanics轨道强度 track strength轨道阻力 track resistance道床阻力 trackbed resistance;ballast resistance扣固力 fastening force钢轨应力 rail stress轨道承载力 track bearing capacity轨道稳定性 track stability;stability of track轨道试验 ;轨道实验 track test轮轨关系 wheel-rail interaction;wheel-rail relation轮轨动力学 wheel-rail dynamics轮轨作用力 wheel-rail force轮轨接触 wheel-rail contact接触应力 contact stress轨道结构 track structure轨道 track铁路轨道 ;轨道;铁道轨道 railway track;track线路上部建筑 ;轨道 track superstructure;track重型轨道 heavy track宽轨枕轨道 broad sleeper track板式轨道 slab track;slab-track整体道床轨道 monolithic roadbed track防振轨道 anti-vibration track高架轨道 elevated track无缝线路 jointless line;continuously welded rail track;jointless track桥上轨道结构 bridge deck track structure隧道内轨道结构 track structure in tunnel钢轨 steel rail重型钢轨 heavy rail长钢轨 long rail焊接长钢轨 long welded rail缩短轨 shortened rail;standard shortened rail;fabricated short rail used on curves;standardcurtailed rail热处理钢轨 heat-treated rail合金钢轨 alloy steels rail旧钢轨 used rail钢轨钢 rail steel钢轨螺栓孔 rail bolt hole轨缝 rail gap;joint gap钢轨焊缝 rail welding seam钢轨接头 rail joint异型接头 compromise joint伸缩接头 expansion joint焊接接头 welding joint;welded joint绝缘接头 track section insulator;insulated joint胶接接头 adhesive joint鱼尾板 fish plate鱼尾螺栓 fish bolt扣件 fastening;rail fastening弹性扣件 elastic fastening;elastic rail fastening弹条式扣件 elastic rod type fastening分开式扣件 separated fastening;separated rail fastening;indirect holding fastening扣板式扣件 clip fastening刚性扣件 rigid fastening垫圈 ring道钉 spike;track spike;rail spike;dog spike螺纹道钉 threading spike;screw spike垫板 tie-plate;tie plate橡胶垫板 rubber tie-plate;rubber tie plate防爬器 anticreeper;anti-creeper;rail anchor轨距拉杆 gauge tie rod轨下基础 underrail foundation;sub-rail foundation;sub-rail track bed轨枕 sleeper;tie;cross tie木枕 wooden sleeper;wooden tie混凝土枕 ;砼枕 concrete sleeper;concrete tie轨枕板 ;宽轨枕 sleeper slab;broad sleeper钢枕 steel sleeper;steel tie合成轨枕 composite sleeper纵向轨枕 longitudinal tie岔枕 points sleeper;switch tie;turnout tie桥枕 bridge tie;bridge sleeper轨排 track panel;track skeleton枕下胶垫 rubber pad under sleeper道床 track bed;ballast bed碎石道床 ballast bed整体道床 monolithic track bed;solid bed;integrated ballast bed;monolithic concrete bed沥青道床 bituminous raodbed;asphalt roadbed;asphalt cemented ballast bed石棉道床 asbestos ballast道碴 ballast道床覆盖 ballast cover轨道附属设备 track auxiliary equipment钢轨涂油器 rail lubricator融雪器 snow melter复轨器 replacer;re-railer;rerailing device脱轨器 derailer车挡 bumper;bumper post道岔 switch;point;turnout;switches and crossings单开道岔 single point;simple turnout;lateral turnout双开道岔 double turnout三开道岔 three-throw turnout;symmetrical three throw turnout;three-way turnout 交分道岔 slip switch高速道岔 high-speed switch切线型道岔 tangent turnout道岔设计 turnout design过岔速度 switch crossing speed辙叉 frog;crossing整铸辙叉 integrated cast frog锰钢辙叉 manganese steel frog crossing焊接辙叉 welding frog crossing组合辙叉 combined frog;assembled frog可动心轨辙叉 movable point frog;movable-point frog可动翼轨辙叉 movable wing rails;movable-wing frog尖轨 switch point;point tongue;switch rail;tongue rail;blade滑床板 slide chair;slide plate;switch plate基本轨 stock rail翼轨 wing rail护轮轨 guard rail导曲线 curve of turnout;lead curve道岔附带曲线 curve following turnout branch line交叉 crossing渡线 track cross-over;crossover通过道岔 passing switch铁路道口 ;铁道道口 railway crossing平交道口 level crossing道口板 crossing slab道口路面 crossing road surface立体交叉 ;立交 grade separation线路施工 track construction石方工程 rock excavation土方工程 earthwork填方 filling挖方 cutting土方调拨 mass dispatching线路施工机械 track construction machinery and equipment 轨道施工 track construction轨道工程 track construction轨道铺设 track laying铺碴 ballasting轨枕铺设 sleeper laying铺轨 rail-laying轨排组装 track panel assembling轨排装运 track panel loading轨排基地 track panel base钢轨焊接 rail welding钢轨热处理 rail heat treatment钢轨铺设 rail laying钢轨锁定 rail locking道岔铺设 switch laying轨道施工机械 track construction machinery铺轨列车 tracklaying train;track laying train铺轨机 rail-laying machine;track laying machine钢轨焊接车 rail welding car焊轨机 steel rails weldeding mill;rail welding machine 轨排组装机 track panel assembling machine轨排运送车 track panel transport car铺枕机 sleeper-laying machine铺碴车 ballasting car铺碴机 ballasting machine铺道岔机 turnout-laying machine焊接长钢轨运送车 welding long rails transport car动力稳定车 dynamic track stabilizer线路状态 track state路基病害 subgrade defect沉降 settlement坍方落石 ;危石 collapse rock翻浆冒泥 frost boiling;mud-pumping路基壅水 subgrade water damming路基渗流 subgrade seepage flow路基冲刷 subgrade erosion振动液化 vibration liquifaction冻融 freezing and thawing冻胀 frost heaving冻害 freezing damage;frost heaving雪害 snow damage;snow blockade;snow drift沙害 sand damage轨道状态 track condition轨道变形 track deformation;track disorder;track distortion 轨道不平顺 track irregularity低接头 depression of joint三角坑 warp;twist钢轨爬行 rail creeping涨轨跑道 ;钢轨鼓曲 buckled track;rail buckle钢轨疲劳 rail fatigue钢轨伤损 rail failure;rail defects and failures钢轨断裂 rail fracture钢轨裂纹 rail crack;rail crackes轨头剥离 rail head shelling;gage line shelly cracks钢轨锈蚀 rail bubble;rail corrosion钢轨磨耗 rail wearing波形磨耗 ;波浪磨耗 undulatory wear螺孔裂纹 bolt hole crack辙叉伤损 ;辙叉损伤 frog failure木枕开裂 wooden sleeper cracking轨枕伤损 ;轨枕伤损 sleeper damage道床脏污 ballast contamination线路养护 track maintenance线路维修 track maintenance;maintenance of track日常维修 routine maintenance;current maintenance状态修 repairing on condition;repair according to condition 巡回检查 inspection tour轨道检测机具 track detection equipment道尺 track gauge轨道检测 track detection灾害检测装置 disaster detector超声波探伤仪 ultrasonic flaw detector钢轨探伤车 rail detecting car;rail flaw detection car轨道检查车 ;轨检车 track inspection car;track recording car 高速轨道检查车 ;高速轨检车 high-speed track inspection car 养路作业 track maintenance operation起道 track lifting;raising of track垫碴起道 ballast filling track lifting改道 track realigning;gage correction;gaging of track拨道 track lining捣固 tamping除草 weeding除草剂 herbicide除雪 snow clearing防冻 anti-freezing融雪 snow melt融雪剂 snow melt agent钢轨加热 rail heating钢轨打磨 rail grinding钢轨矫直 straightening of kinked rail钢轨更换 rail replace钢轨探伤 rail detecting钢轨焊补 rail repairing welding轨缝调整 rail gap adjusting应力放散 stress-relieving钢轨温度 rail temperature钢轨涂油 rail lubrication轨枕更换 sleeper replacement扣件作业 fastening operation轨枕修补 sleeper mending枕木防腐 timber sleeper treating道岔养护 switch maintenance道岔更换 switch replacement辙叉焊补 frog welding and repairing道床作业 ballast operation道碴清筛 ballast screening道碴更换 ballast replacement道床整形 ballast trimming曲线养护 curved track maintenance线路管理系统 track management system养路组织 track maintenance organization养路计划 track maintenance planning维修天窗 maintenance time维修周期 maintenance period养路安全 track maintenance safety列车接近警报器 ;列车接近报警器;列车接近报警装置 train approach warning device 养路质量 track maintenance quality养路机械化 track maintenance machinization线路中修 intermediate repair of track起道修 ;线路中修 track raising repair;track intermediate overhaul线路大修 major repair of track线路更新 ;线路大修 track renewal;track overhauling线路修复 track restoration铁路抢修 ;铁道抢修 railway emergency maintenance养路机械 track maintenance machine起道机 track lifting machine拨道机 track lining machine起拨道机 track lifting and lining machine捣固机 tamping machine捣固车 tamping wagon道床夯拍机 ballast compactor配碴整形机 ballast distributing and trimming machine;ballast distributing and regulating machine 道碴清筛机 ballast cleaner扒碴机 crib ballast raker;crib ballast removers道碴更换机 ballast replacement eqnipment道床清扫机 ballast cleaning machine轨枕更换机 sleeper replacement equipment钢轨更换机 rail replacement equipment钢轨打磨机 rail grinding machine钢轨打磨车 rail grinding wagon直轨器 rail straightening tool;rail straightener锯轨机 rail saw;rail cutting machine;rail sawing machine钢轨钻孔机 rail drilling machine钢轨加热器 rail heater轨缝调整器 rail gap adjuster;rail puller道钉机 spike driver除雪机 snowbreaker;snow removing machine;snow remover除雪车 snow-fighting vehicle;snow plow;snow plough除草机 weeder;weed cutting machine;weed cutter清沟机 ditcher碎冰机 ice crusher养路机具 track maintenance implements液压机具 hydraulic tool轨道车 track car上下道装置 up and down track device发电车 mobile power plant car;generator car综合养路机械 comprehensive track maintenance machine机械化养路基地 mechanized maintenance base工务部门 maintenance of way branch大修队 capital repair brigade工务段 engineering district;maintenance of way section;track division;track district;track maintenance division养路员工 track maintenance worker工务修配厂 maintenance of way shop焊轨厂 rail welding plant枕木防腐厂 timber sleeper treating plant采石场 quarry;stonepit铁路专业英语词汇________________________________________elevated railway, overhead railway, aerial railway 高架铁路mine railway 矿区铁路funicular (railway) 缆索铁路，登山铁路light railway line 轻便铁道urban railway 市区铁路railway network 铁路网railway transport 铁路运输trial run 试车open to traffic 通车porter 搬运工人ticket inspector 查票员ticket 车票single ticket, oneway ticket 单程票return ticket, roundtrip ticket 来回票platform ticket 站台票railway station 车站station hall 车站大厅information desk 服务台waiting room 候车室passenger station 客车站time-table 时刻表arrival time-table 到站时刻表departure time-table 发车时刻表ticket-collector, gateman 收票员ticket office, booking office 售票处junction 枢纽站rail and water terminal 水陆联运站platform bridge 天桥luggage barrow 推行李车enquiry office, information desk 问讯处way station 小站label 行李标签luggage office 行李房left-luggage office 行李暂存处platform-ticket 验票口barrier 栅栏门platform 站台(electric) platform truck 站台车platform tunnel 站台地道platform roofing 站台顶棚station-master 站长terminal; terminus 终点站escalator 自动扶梯The train leaves the station at..., The train is due out at... 火车在（某时）离站to have one's ticket punched （给检票员）检票10 minutes behind schedule 晚点十分钟to change trains at... 在（某地）换车The train is due at... 在（某时）到达to break the journey 中途下车dining car, restaurant car, diner 餐车pantry 餐车食品室open wagon, (railway) wagon, (railway) truck 敞车carriage, coach, car 车厢roof 车顶concertina walls （车厢通道两侧的）伸缩篷step; foot board （车厢门口的）踏板gangway （车厢的）通道lidded ashtray 带盖烟灰盒tank wagon 罐车mixed train 混合列车freight train, goods train 货物列车engine, locomotive 机车window seat 靠窗座位coach, passenger train 客车express train, express 快车refrigerator wagon 冷藏车car attendant; train attendant 列车员guard, conductor 列车长slow train, way train 慢车covered wagon van, box car 棚车ordinary train 普通列车sleeping carriage with cushioned berths 软卧客车up train 上行车livestock wagon 牲畜车sleeping car, sleeper 卧车down train 下行车luggage van, baggage car 行李车rack, baggage rack 行李架sleeping carriage with semicushioned berths 硬卧客车ordinary seat 硬席carriage with semicushioned seats 硬座车mail car 邮政车mail and luggage van 邮政行李车through train 直达车special train 专车pointsman, switchman 道岔工人signal for blocking the track, block signal 闭塞信号semaphore signal, home signal 臂板信号warehouse 仓库siding, sidetrack 侧线，旁轨turnout 岔道weighing machine 秤重机derailing （火车）出轨single line (track) rail 单线points, switches 道岔switch lock, point lock 道岔锁wait sign, wait signal 等候标志（信号）marshalling yard, shunting yard 调车场dispatching 调度dispatcher 调度员 crossover 渡线，转线轨道rail 钢轨 track 轨道sleeper, railroad tie 轨枕 rail chair 轨座buffer stop, bumping post 缓冲桩goods shed, freight depot 货棚goods station 货运站，货站 container 集装箱locomotive (engine) shed 机车库station warning sign 进站预告标 clearance 净空(signal) gantry （铁路上支持信号装置的）跨线桥barrier （道口）拦路木 section 路段reduce speed sign(al) 慢行标志（信号）bell and whistle sign, whistle sign 鸣笛预告标platform car, flat car 平车grade crossing, level crossing （道路与铁路的）平面交叉track-laying machine, tracklayer 铺轨机double line (track) rail 双线volume of railway freight 铁路货运量railway connections 铁路交叉点，铁路联络线railway warning sign 铁路警告标志railway clearance 铁路净空railroad bed 铁路路基railway curve 铁路曲线（弯道）railway tunnel 铁路隧道railway line, railroad line 铁路线stop sign(al) 停车标志（信号）danger sign(al) 危险标志（信号）unprotected crossing 无防护设备的道口signal light (lamp) 信号灯signal box, signalman's cabin 信号房signalman 信号员 wing rail (of frog) 翼轨distant signal, disk signal, target 圆盘信号机back-turning section 折返段 frog 辙叉，岔心turn-table 车台，旋车盘point (box), switch (box) 转辙器switch signal, point indicator 转辙信号。
铁道工程常用英文词汇
铁路线railway line；railroad line铁路网railway network；railroad network铁道科学railway science铁路技术railway technology铁路等级railway classification国有铁路national railway；state railway地方铁路local railway；regional railway私有铁路private railway合资铁路joint investment railway；jointly owned railway标准轨铁路standard-gage railway窄轨铁路narrow-gage railway米轨铁路meter-gage railway宽轨铁路broad-gage railway单线铁路single track railway双线铁路double track railway多线铁路multiple track railway重载铁路heavy haul railway高速铁路high speed railway电气化铁路；电力铁路electrified railway；electric railway干线铁路main line railway；trunk railway市郊铁路suburban railway地下铁道；地铁subway；metro；underground railway工业企业铁路industry railway矿山铁路mine railway轻轨铁路light railway；light rail高架铁路elevated railway单轨铁路；独轨铁路monorail；monorail railway磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway；maglev森林铁路forest railway山区铁路mountain railway既有铁路existing railway新建铁路newly-built railway改建铁路reconstructed railway运营铁路railway in operation；operation；operating railway专用铁路special purpose railway干线trunk line；main line支线branch line铁路专用线railway special line货运专线railway line for freight traffic；freight special line；freight traffic only line客运专线railway line for passenger traffic；passenger special line；passenger traffic only line 客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic铁路运营长度；运营里程operation length of railway；operating distance；revenue length 列车运行图train diagram区间section区段district轨距rail gage；rail gauge轮重wheel load轴重axle load最大轴重maximum allowable axle load限制轴重axle load limited限界clearance；gauge限界图clearance diagram铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance；structure clearance for railway；railway structure gauge基本建筑限界fundamental construction clearance；fundamental structure gauge桥梁建筑限界bridge construction clearance；bridge structure gauge隧道建筑界限tunnel construction clearance；tunnel structure gauge铁路机车车辆限界rolling stock clearance for railway；vehicle gauge机车车辆上部限界clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock机车车辆下部限界clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock装载限界loading clearance limit；loading gauge阔大货物限界clearance limit for freight with exceptional dimension；clearance limit for oversize commodities 接触网限界clearance limit for overhead contract wire列车与线路相互作用track-train interaction轮轨关系wheel-rail relation；wheel-rail interaction粘着系数adhesion coefficient车轮滑行wheel sliding；wheel skid车轮空转wheel slipping牵引种类kinds of traction；category of traction牵引方式mode of traction牵引定数tonnage rating；tonnage of traction装载系数loading coefficient速度speed持续速度continuous speed限制速度limited speed；speed restriction均衡速度balancing speed构造速度construction speed；design speed最高速度maximum speed临界速度critical speed重载列车heavy haul train高速列车high speed train超长超重列车exceptionally long and heavy train列车正面冲突train collision列车尾追train tail collision列车尾部防护train rear end protection伸缩运动fore and aft motion蛇行运动hunting；nosing列车拉伸train running out列车分离train separation列车颠覆train overturning列车动力学train dynamics列车空气动力学train acrodynamics机车车辆振动vibration of rolling stock纵向振动longitudinal vibration横向振动lateral vibration垂向振动vertical vibration摆滚振动rock-roll vibration浮沉振动bouncing；vibration测滚振动rolling ；vibration测摆振动swaying；vibration点头振动pitching；nodding摇头振动yawing；hunting机车车辆共振resonance of rolling stock机车车辆冲击impact of rolling纵向冲击longitudinal impact横向冲击lateral impact垂向冲击vertical impact铁路法railway law铁道法规railway act铁路条例railway code铁路技术管理规程regulations of railway technical operation铁路用地right-of-way铁路勘测railway reconnaissance调查测绘survey and drawing of investigation；investigation survey；investigation surveying and sketching 地形调查topographic survey地貌调查topographic feature survey；geomorphologic survey地质调查geologic survey不良地质unfavorable geology特殊地质special geology工程地质条件engineering geologic requirement；engineering geologic condition气象资料meteorological data设计高程；设计标高design elevation河流比降slope of river；comparable horizon of river历史洪水位historic flood level最高水位highest water level；HWL分水岭watershed；dividing ridge洪水频率flood frequency设计流量design discharge设计水位design water level施工水位construction level；construction water level；working water level定测location survey；alignment；final location survey导线测量traversing；traverse survey光电导线photoelectric traverse地形测量topographical survey横断面测量cross leveling；cross-section survey；cross-section leveling 线路测量route survey；profile survey；longitudinal survey既有线测量；旧线测量survey of existing railway线路复测repetition survey of existing railway；resurvey of existing railway 测量精度survey precision；precision of survey均方差；中误差mean square error最大误差；极限误差maximum error；limiting error中线测量center line survey中线桩center line stake加桩additional stake；plus stake外移桩shift out stake；stake outward；offset stake水准点高程测量benchmark leveling中桩高程测量；中平center stake leveling曲线控制点curve control point放线setting-out of route；lay out of route交点intersection point副交点auxiliary intersection point转向角deflection angle分转向角auxiliary deflection angle坐标方位角plane-coordinate azimuth象限角quadrantal angle经纬距plane rectangular coordinate断链broken chain投影断链projection of broken chain断高broken height铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测railway aerial photogrammetry铁路航空勘测railway aerial surveying航带设计flight strip design；design of flight strip铁路工程地质遥感remote sensing of railway engineering geology测段segment of survey航测选线aerial surveying alignment航测外控点field control point of aerophotogrammetry全球定位系统global positioning system；GPS像片索引图index of photography三角测量trigonometric survey；triangulation精密导线测量precise traverse survey；accurate traverse survey三角高程测量trigonometric leveling隧道洞外控制测量ouside tunnel control survey隧道洞内控制测量in tunnel control survey；through survey桥轴线测量survey of bridge axis铁路选线railway location；approximate railway location；location of railway route selection平原地区选线location in plain region；plain location越岭选线location of mountain line；location of line in mountain region；location over mountain山区河谷选线mountain and valley region location；location of line of in mountain and valley region丘陵地段选线hilly land location；location of line on hilly land工程地质选线engineering geoligic location of line线间距distance between centers of tracks；midway between tracks车站分布distribution of stations方案比选scheme comparison；route alternative投资回收期repayment period of capital cost纸上定线paper location of line缓坡地段section of easy grade；section of gentle slope紧坡地段section of sufficient grade非紧坡地段section of unsufficient grade；section fo insufficient grade导向线leading line；alignment guiding line拔起高度；克服高度height of lifting；lifting height；ascent of elevation横断面选线cross-section method of railway location；location with cross-section method；cross-section method for location of line展线extension of line；development of line；line development展线系数coefficient of extension line；coefficient of development line套线overlapping line线路平面图track plan；line plan线路纵断面图track profile；line profile站坪长度length of station site站坪坡度grade of station site控制区间control section；controlling section最小曲线半径minimum radius of curve圆曲线circular curve单曲线simple curve缓和曲线transition curve；easement curve；spiral transition curve缓和曲线半截变更率rate of easement curvature；rate of transition curve复曲线compound curve同向曲线curves of same sense；adjacent curves in one direction反向曲线reverse curve；curve of opposite sense夹直线intermediate straight line；tangent between curves坡度grade；gradient；slope人字坡double spur grade限制坡度ruling grade；limiting grade加力牵引坡度pusher grade；assisting grade最大坡度maximum grade临界坡度critical grade长大坡度long steep grade；long heavy grade均衡坡度balanced grade有害地段harmful district无害地段harmless district变坡点point of gradient change；breake in grade坡段grade section坡段长度length of grade section坡度差algebraic difference between adjacent gradients竖曲线vertical curve分坡平段level stretch between opposite sign gradient缓和坡度slight grade；flat grade；easy grade起动缓坡flat gradient for starting加速缓坡easy gradient for acceleration；accelerating grade坡度折减compensation of gradient；gradient compensation；grade compensation曲线折减compensation of curve；curve compesation隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient in tunnel；compensation grade in tunnel绕行地段detouring section；round section换侧；换边change side of double line容许应力设计法allowable stress design method破损阶段设计法plastic stage design method极限状态设计法limit state design method概率极限状态设计法；可靠度设计法probabilistic limit state design method地震系数法seismic coefficient method路基subgrade；road bed；formation subgrade岩石路基rock subgrade渗水土路基permeable soil subgrade；pervious embankment非渗水土路基non-permeable soil subgrade；impervious embankment特殊土路基subgrade of special soil软土地区路基subgrade in soft soil zone；subgrade in soft；clay region泥沼地区路基subgrade in bog zone；subgrade in morass region；subgrade in swampland膨胀土地区路基；裂土地区路基subgrade in swelling soil zone；subgrade in expansive soil region 盐渍土地区路基subgrade in salty soil zone；subgrade in saline soil region多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soil zone特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special condition河滩路堤embankment on plain river beach滨河路堤embankment on river bank水库路基subgrade in reservoir；embankment crossing reservoir崩塌地段路基subgrade in rock fall district；subgrade in collapse zone岩堆地段路基subgrade in rock deposit zone；subgrade in talus zone；subgrade in scree zone滑坡地段路基subgrade in slide岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基subgrade in karst zone洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone；subgrade in cavern zone风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone；subgrade in desert雪害地段路基subgrade in snow damage zone；subgrade in snow disaster zone路基横断面subgrade cross-section路基面subgrade surface；formation路基面宽度width of the subgrade surface；formation width路拱road crown；subgrade crown路肩Road shoulder；subgrade shoulder路肩高程formation level；shoulder level路堤embankment；fill路堑cut；road；cutting半堤半堑part-cut and part-fill section；cut and fill section基床subgrade bed；formation基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed；formation top layer；surface layer of subgrade基床表层bottom layer of subgrade；formation base layer；bottom layer of subgrade bed线路工程railway line engineering铁路勘测；铁道勘测railway reconnaissance铁路选线；铁道选线railway route selection；railway location；approximate railway location；location of railway route selection经济勘察economic investigation地质调查geological survey；geologic survey方案比较project comparison铁路勘探；铁道勘探railway exploration铁路测量；铁道测量railway survey线路测量route survey；profile survey；longitudinal survey曲线测量curve survey既有线测量survey of existing line；survey of existing railway铁路线路图；铁道线路图railway map定线location of line铁路设计；铁道设计railway design线路设计track design平面设计plane design纵断面设计longitudinal section design横断面设计transverse section design曲线设计curve design车站设计station design站场设计design of stations and yards标准设计standard design线路等级line grade铁路限界；铁道限界railway clearance建筑限界construction clearance设计规范code of design设计标准design standard铁路线路；铁道线路railway line铁路曲线；铁道曲线railway curve缓和曲线transition curve；easement curve；spiral transition curve曲线半径curve radius曲线超高super elevation on curve；cant；elevation of curve欠超高inadequate super elevation；deficient super elevation未被平衡加速度unbalanced acceleration竖曲线vertical curve坡道gradient坡度grade；gradient；slope限制坡度ruling grade；limiting grade坡度折减grade compensation；compensation of gradient；gradient compensation避难线refuge siding；catch siding双线插入段double track interpolation铁路连接线；铁道连接线railway connecting line隧道内线路line in tunnel桥头引线bridge approach站线siding站线长度length of station line铁路标志；铁道标志railway sign警冲标fouling point indicator；fouling post线路中心线track center line；central lines of track线间距离；线间距distance between centers of lines；distance between centers of tracks；midway between tracks 线路试验；线路实验track test；road test；running test路基subgrade铁路路基；路基；铁道路基railway subgrade；subgrade软土路基soft soil subgrade沙漠路基desert subgrade冻土路基permafrost subgrade膨胀土路基subgrade in swelling soil zone路基基床subgrade bed路堤embankment；fill高路堤high-fill embankment路堑cut；road cutting深路堑deep cutting路肩road shoulder；subgrade shoulder边坡side slope护坡revetment；slope protection；pitching路基滑动subgrade slip滑坡防治landslide preventive treatment路基排水subgrade drainage塑料排水板plastic drainage board路基加固subgrade strengthening土工织物geotextile挡土墙；挡墙retaining walls锚定板anchor plate抗滑桩antiskid pile；anti-slide pile；counter-sliding pile加筋土reinforced earth植被vegetation路基防护subgrade protection防护工程protective engineering防护林protection forest防沙sand proof固沙stabilization of sand输导砂sediment transport路侧建筑物roadside structure排水沟weeper drain；weep drain；drainage ditch；drain ditch 挡风墙wind-shield wall；wind-break wall隔声墙sound-proof wall防雪栅snow fence；snow guard轨道理论track theory轨道设计track design轨道参数track parameter轨距track gauge；rail gage；rail gauge轨距加宽track gauge widening轨底坡cant of rail；rail cant轨道力学track dynamics；track mechanics轨道强度track strength轨道阻力track resistance道床阻力trackbed resistance；ballast resistance扣固力fastening force钢轨应力rail stress轨道承载力track bearing capacity轨道稳定性track stability；stability of track轨道试验；轨道实验track test轮轨关系wheel-rail interaction；wheel-rail relation轮轨动力学wheel-rail dynamics轮轨作用力wheel-rail force轮轨接触wheel-rail contact接触应力contact stress轨道结构track structure轨道track铁路轨道；轨道；铁道轨道railway track；track线路上部建筑；轨道track superstructure；track重型轨道heavy track宽轨枕轨道broad sleeper track板式轨道slab track；slab-track整体道床轨道monolithic roadbed track防振轨道anti-vibration track无缝线路jointless line；continuously welded rail track；jointless track桥上轨道结构bridge deck track structure隧道内轨道结构track structure in tunnel钢轨steel rail重型钢轨heavy rail长钢轨long rail焊接长钢轨long welded rail缩短轨shortened rail；standard shortened rail；fabricated short rail used on curves；standard curtailed rail 热处理钢轨heat-treated rail合金钢轨alloy steels rail旧钢轨used rail钢轨钢rail steel钢轨螺栓孔rail bolt hole轨缝rail gap；joint gap钢轨焊缝rail welding seam钢轨接头rail joint异型接头compromise joint伸缩接头expansion joint焊接接头welding joint；welded joint绝缘接头track section insulator；insulated joint胶接接头adhesive joint鱼尾板fish plate鱼尾螺栓fish bolt扣件fastening；rail fastening弹性扣件elastic fastening；elastic rail fastening弹条式扣件elastic rod type fastening分开式扣件separated fastening；separated rail fastening；indirect holding fastening扣板式扣件clip fastening刚性扣件rigid fastening垫圈ring道钉spike；track spike；rail spike；dog spike螺纹道钉threading spike；screw spike垫板tie-plate；tie plate橡胶垫板rubber tie-plate；rubber tie plate防爬器anticreeper；anti-creeper；rail anchor轨距拉杆gauge tie rod轨下基础underrail foundation；sub-rail foundation；sub-rail track bed轨枕sleeper；tie；cross tie木枕wooden sleeper；wooden tie混凝土枕；砼枕concrete sleeper；concrete tie轨枕板；宽轨枕sleeper slab；broad sleeper钢枕steel sleeper；steel tie合成轨枕composite sleeper岔枕points sleeper；switch tie；turnout tie桥枕bridge tie；bridge sleeper轨排track panel；track skeleton枕下胶垫rubber pad under sleeper道床track bed；ballast bed碎石道床ballast bed整体道床monolithic track bed；solid bed；integrated ballast bed；monolithic concrete bed沥青道床bituminous raodbed；asphalt roadbed；asphalt cemented ballast bed石棉道床asbestos ballast道碴ballast道床覆盖ballast cover钢轨涂油器rail lubricator融雪器snow melter复轨器replacer；re-railer；rerailing device脱轨器derailer车挡bumper；bumper post道岔switch；point；turnout；switches and crossings单开道岔single point；simple turnout；lateral turnout双开道岔double turnout三开道岔three-throw turnout；symmetrical three throw turnout；three-way turnout交分道岔slip switch高速道岔high-speed switch切线型道岔tangent turnout道岔设计turnout design过岔速度switch crossing speed辙叉frog；crossing整铸辙叉integrated cast frog锰钢辙叉manganese steel frog crossing焊接辙叉welding frog crossing组合辙叉combined frog；assembled frog可动心轨辙叉movable point frog；movable-point frog可动翼轨辙叉movable wing rails；movable-wing frog核子密度湿度测定determination of nuclear density-moisture路基承载板测定determination of bearing slab of subgrade预留沉落量reserve settlement；settlement allowance反压护道berm with superloading；berm for back pressure；counter swelling berm石灰砂桩lime sand pile挡土墙retaining wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall；gravity retaining wall with relieving platform；balanced type retaining wall中-活载CR-live loading；China railway standard loading桥梁标准活载standard live load for bridge换算均布活载equivalent uniform live load设计荷载design load主力principal load恒载dead load土压力earth load静水压力hydrostatic pressure浮力buoyancy列车活载live load of train列车离心力centrifugal force of train列车冲击力；冲击荷载impact force of train冲击系数coefficient of impact人行道荷载sidewalk loading附加力subsidiary load；secondary load列车制动力braking force of train列车牵引力tractive force of train桥台abutment重力式桥台gravity abutment埋置式桥台buried abutment锚定板式桥台anchor slab abutmentU形桥台U-shaped abutment耳墙式桥台abutment with cantilevered retaining wall桥墩pier脚手架scaffold山岭隧道mountain tunnel越岭隧道over mountain line tunnel水下隧道；水地隧道subaqueous tunnel；underwater tunnel地铁隧道subway tunne；underground railway tunnel浅埋隧道shallow tunnel；shallow-depth tunnel；shallow burying tunnel 深埋隧道deep tunnel；deep-depth tunnel；deep burying tunnel单线隧道single track tunnel双线隧道double track tunnel多线隧道multiple track tunnel车站隧道station tunnel地铁车站subway station；metro station特长隧道super long tunnel长隧道long tunnel中长隧道medium tunnel短隧道short tunnel隧道群tunnel group地铁工程subway engineering；metro engineering洞口tunne ladit；tunnel opening隧道进口tunnel entrance隧道出口tunnel exit明挖法open-cut method拆迁removing测量放样staking out in survey工程招标calling for tenders of project；calling for tending of project工程投标bidding for project工程报价project quoted price工程发包contracting out of project工程承包contracting of project工程监理supervision of construction；supervision of project过渡工程transition project控制工程dominant project关键工程key project辅助设施auxiliary facilities通车期限time limit for opening to traffic施工总工期total time of construction；total construction time施工组织方案construction scheme开工报告report on starting of construction work；commencement report of construction work；construction starting report竣工报告completion repport of construction work施工计划管理planned manangement of construction网络计划技术network planning technique施工工艺流程construction technology process；construction process工法制度construction method system施工产值construction output value施工利润construction profit施工机械利用率utilization ratio of construction machinery推土机bulldozer铲运机scoper；scraper；carrying scraper装载机loader平地机grader压路机roller千斤顶jack打桩机pile driver工务段track division；track district；track maintenance division轨道；线路上部建筑track轨道类型classification of track；track standard轨道结构track structure有碴轨道ballasted track无碴轨道ballastless track线路track；permanent way有缝线路jointed track无缝线路continuously welded rail track；jointless track长轨线路long welded rail track轨节rail link长轨条long rail string轨道几何形位track geometry轨距加宽gauge widening螺旋曲线spiral curve clothold curve三次抛物线曲线cubic parabola curve曲线超高superelevation cant；elevation of curve欠超高deficient superlevation过超高surplus superelevation；excess elevation反超高reverse superelevation；counter superelevation；negative superelevation未本平衡离心加速度unbalaned cenrifugal acceleraion曲线正矢curve versine轨道力学track mechanics轨道动力学track dynamics轨道强度计算track strength analysis轨道几何状态恶化track deterioration轨道失效track failure轨道框架刚度rigidity of track panel道床系数ballast coefficient；ballast modulus钢轨基础模量rail supporting modulus ；track moulus钢轨支点弹性模量modulus of elasticity of rail support轨道应力track stresses轨道稳定性stability of track接头阻力joint resistance道床阻力ballast resistance扣件扣压力toe load of fastening轮/轨接触应力rail/wheel contact stress钢轨rail轨头rail head轨腰rail web轨底rail base；rail bottom淬火轨head hardened rail ；quenched rail合金轨alloy steel rail合金淬火轨head hardened alloy steel rail ；quenched alloy耐磨轨wear resistant rail耐腐蚀轨corrosion resistant rail标准长度钢轨standard length rail短轨short rail缩短轨standardshortened rail ；fabricated short rail used on curves；sandard curtailed rail 异形轨compromise rail护轨guard rail；check rail轨底坡rail cant钢轨工作边gage line构造轨缝structural joint gap ；maximum joint gap structurally obtainable钢轨接头rail joint相对接头opposite joint ；square joint相错式接头；相互式接头alternate joint ；staggered joint ；broken joint垫接接头；承接接头supported joint悬接接头suspended joint绝缘接头insulated joint胶结绝缘接头glued insulated joint焊接接头welded joint冻结接头frozen joint异形接头compromise joint钢轨伸缩调节器；温度调节器expansion rail joint；rail expansion device；swith expansion joint 接头联结零件rail joint accessories ；rail joint fastenings接头夹板；鱼尾板joint bar ；splice bar ；fish plate平型双头夹板flat joint bar轨头地面接触夹板；锲型接头夹板head contact flat joint bar轨腹上圆弧接触夹板；铰型接头夹板head free flat joint bar扣件；中间联结零件rail fastening分开式扣件separated rail fastening ；indirect holding fastening不分开式扣件nonseparated rail fastening ；direct holding fastening半分开式扣件semi-separaed rail fastening ；mixed holding fastening弹性扣件elasic rail fastening道钉；狗头钉；钩头钉track spike ；rail spike ；dog spike弹簧道钉elastic rail spike螺纹道钉screw spike螺栓螺纹钉bolt-screw spike硫磺锚固sulphur cement mortar anchor ；sulphur cement mortar anchorage垫板tie plate橡胶垫板；弹性垫板rubber tie plate衬垫pad弹簧垫圈spring washer防爬器anti-creeper；rail anchor轨撑rail brace轨距杆gage tie bar；gage rod ；gage tie轨下基础sub-rail foundation ；sub-rail track bed轨枕tie；cross tie ；sleeper宽混凝土轨枕；轨枕板broad concrete tie纵向轨枕longitudinal tie板式轨道slab-track木枕；枕木wooden tie油枕treated wooden tie素枕untreated wooden tie钢枕steel tie岔枕switch tie ；turnout tie短枕short tie ；block tie道床ballast bed整体道床solid bed；integrated ballast bed；monolithic concrete bed 沥青道床asphalt cemented ballast bed道碴层；道碴床ballast layer道碴ballast道碴级配ballast grading洛杉叽磨损实验Los Angeles abrasion test底碴subballast道床厚度thickness of ballast bed；depth of ballast道床宽度width of ballast bed道床碴肩shoulder of ballast bed轮轨游间clearance between wheel flange and gage line曲线内接inscribed to curves自由内接free inscribing强制内接compulsory inscribing楔形内接wedging inscribing静力内接static inscribing动力内接dynamic inscribing轨道不平顺track irregularity静态不平顺static track irregularity；irregularity without load动态不平顺dynamic track irregularity轨道几何尺寸容许公差track geometry tolerances轨道变形track deformation；track disorder；track distortion轨道残余变形track residual deformation；track permanent deformation 弹性挤开gage elastically widened；elastic squeeze-out轨道水平；左右水平track cross level轨道方向track alignment轨道前后高低；前后高低longitudinal level of rail；track profile三角坑；扭曲twist warp轨道明坑visile pit of track；visible low spot of track；track depression 翻浆冒泥mud-pumping钢轨低接头depressed joint；battered foint of rail接头瞎缝closed joint；tight joint大轨缝excessive joint gap；wide joint gap线路爬行track creeping轨头波纹磨损corrugation of rail head；rail corrugation轨头短波浪磨损short wave undulation of rail head钢轨伤损rail defects and failures钢轨擦伤engine burn；wheel burn钢轨锈蚀rail corrosion核伤nucleus flaw；oval flaw轨头掉块spalling of rail head轨头压溃crushing of rail head钢轨裂纹rail cracks轨头发裂head checks ；hair crack of rail head轨底崩裂burst of rail base；burst of rail bottom ；broken rail base钢轨折断brittle fractures of rail ；sudden rupture of rail钢轨落锤试验drop test of rail螺孔裂纹bolt hole crack线路大修major repair of reack ；overhaul of track ；track renewal线路中修intermediate repair of track线路维修maintenance of track全面起道捣固out-of-face surfacing起道raising of track ；track lifting落道under cutting of track ；lowering of track垫砂起道measured shovel packing改道gage correction ；gaging of track拨道track lining整正水平adjusting of cross level整正曲线curve adjusting；curve lining绳正法整正曲线string lining of curve绳度整正曲线计算器string lining computer ；string-line calculator调整轨缝；均匀轨缝adjusting of rail gaps；evenly distributing joint gaps 整正规缝dispersal of rail gaps；adjusting joint gaps up to standard焊修钢轨；堆焊钢轨resurfacing of rail打磨钢轨rail grinding轨头整形rail head reprofiling捣固道床ballast tamping夯实道床ballast ramming ；ballast consolidating清筛道床ballast cleaning整理道床ballast trimming锁定轨温fastening-down temperature of rail零应力轨温strss free rail temperature中和轨温neutral temperature放散温度力destressing ；stress liberation温度力temperature stress温度力峰temperature stress peak轨道鼓出临界温度critical temperature of track buckling伸缩区；呼吸区breathing zone缓冲区buffer zone；transition zone固定区nonbreathing zone ；fixd zone ；deformation -free zone调节轨buffer rail气压焊oxyacetylene pressure welding电阻焊flash butt welding周转轨inventory stock备用轨stock rails per kilometer of track；emergency rail stored along the way再用轨second hand rail ；relaying rail顺坡run-off elevation立体交叉grade separation道囗grade crossing；level crossing道岔turnout ；switches and crossings单开道岔simple turnout ；；lateral turnout单式对称道岔；双开道岔symmetrical double curve turnout ；equilateral turnout单式不对称道岔；不对称双开道岔unsymmetrical double curve turnout ；unequilateral turnout 单式同侧道岔unsymmetrical double curve turnout in the same direction三开道岔stmmetrical three throw turnout ；three-way turnout不对称三开道岔unsymmetrical three-way turnout ；unsymmetrical three throw tunout左开道岔left hand turnout右开道岔right hand turnout交叉crossing菱形交叉diamond crossing直角交叉rectangular crossing ；square crossing交分道岔slip switch单式交分道岔single slip switches复式交分道岔double slip switches渡线crossover交叉渡线scissors crossing ；double crossover平行渡线parallel crossover道岔主线main line of turnout ；main track of turnout ；turnout main道岔侧线branch line of turnout ；branch track of turnout turnout branch导曲线lead curve导曲线半径radius of lead curve导曲线支距offset of lead curve道岔中心center of turnout辙叉frog；crossing辙叉角frog angle辙叉号数frog number道岔号数turnout number道岔始端beginning of turnout道岔终端end of turnout尖轨switch rail tongue rail；blade直线尖轨straight seitch曲线尖轨curved switch尖轨理论尖端theoretical point of switch rail尖轨尖端actual point of switch rail尖轨跟端heel of swith rail曲线出岔道岔turnout from curved track辙叉心轨尖端actual point of frog辙叉趾端toe end of frog ；frog toe辙叉跟端heel end of frog；frog heel道岔基线reference line of turnout道岔全长total length of turnout道岔理论长度theoretical length of turnout道岔实际长度actual length of turnout道岔理论导程theoretical lead of turnout道岔前部理论长度front part theoretical legth of turnout道岔后部理论长度rear part theoretical length of turnout道岔后部实际长度rear part actual length of turnout尖轨长度length of switch rail辙叉趾长toe length of frog辙叉跟长heel length of frog辙叉趾宽toe spread of frog辙叉跟宽heel s[read of frog尖轨动程throw of switch护轨与心轨的查照间隔check gage护背距离guard rail face gage；back gage辙叉有害空间gap in the frog ；open throat；unguarded flange-way转辙角switch angle辙叉咽喉throat of frog轮缘槽flange-way；flange clearance转辙器switch可弯式尖轨转辙器flexible switch间隔铁式尖轨转辙器loose heel switch高锰钢整铸辙叉solid manganese steel frog；cast manganese steel frog钢轨组合辙叉bolred rigid frog；assembled frog可动心轨辙叉movable-point frog可动翼轨辙叉movable-wing frog钝角辙叉obtuse frog锐角辙叉end frog；acute frog曲线辙叉curved frog基本轨stock rail密贴尖轨closed switch rail；close contact between switch point and stock rail淬火尖轨surface-hardened switch rail；quenched switch rail特种断面尖轨special heavy section switch rail；tongue rail made of special section rail；full-wed section switch rail翼轨wing rail心轨point rail；nose rail道岔护轨turnout guard rail尖轨护轨switch point guard rail尖轨保护器switch protector。
铁路术语专用英语
铁路专用英语专业词汇中英对照翻译----铁路工程词汇线路工程railway line engineering铁路勘测；铁道勘测railway reconnaissance铁路选线；铁道选线railway route selection;railway location;approximate railway location;location of railway route selection经济勘察economic investigation地质调查geological survey;geologic survey方案比较project comparison铁路勘探；铁道勘探railway exploration铁路测量；铁道测量railway survey线路测量route survey;profile survey;longitudinal survey曲线测量curve survey既有线测量survey of existing line;survey of existing railway铁路线路图；铁道线路图railway map定线location of line铁路设计；铁道设计railway design线路设计track design平面设计plane design纵断面设计longitudinal section design横断面设计transverse section design曲线设计curve design车站设计station design站场设计design of stations and yards标准设计standard design线路等级line grade铁路限界；铁道限界railway clearance建筑限界construction clearance设计规范code of design设计标准design standard铁路线路；铁道线路railway line铁路曲线；铁道曲线railway curve缓和曲线transition curve；easement curve；spiral transition curve小半径曲线small-radius curve曲线半径curve radius曲线超高superelevation on curve;cant;elevation of curve欠超高inadequate superelevation;deficient superelevation未被平衡加速度unbalanced acceleration竖曲线vertical curve坡道gradient坡度grade;gradient;slope限制坡度ruling grade;limiting grade坡度折减grade compensation;compensation of gradient;gradient compensation避难线refuge siding;catch siding双线插入段double track interpolation铁路连接线；铁道连接线railway connecting line隧道内线路line in tunnel桥头引线bridge approach站线siding站线长度length of station line铁路标志；铁道标志railway sign警冲标fouling point indicator;fouling post线路中心线track center line;central lines of track线间距离；线间距distance between centres of lines;distance between centers of tracks;midway between tracks线路试验；线路实验track test;road test;running test路基subgrade铁路路基；路基；铁道路基railway subgrade;subgrade软土路基soft soil subgrade沙漠路基desert subgrade冻土路基permafrost subgrade膨胀土路基subgrade in swelling soil zone路基基床subgrade bed路堤embankment;fill高路堤high-fill embankment路堑cut;road cutting深路堑deep cutting路肩road shoulder;subgrade shoulder边坡side slope护坡revetment;slope protection;pitching路基滑动subgrade slip滑坡防治landslide preventive treatment路基排水subgrade drainage塑料排水板plastic drainage board路基加固subgrade strengthening土工织物geotextile挡土墙；挡墙retaining walls锚定板anchor plate生苗木干anchor bolt抗滑桩antiskid pile;anti-slide pile;counter-sliding pile力口筋土reinforced earth植被vegetation路基防护subgrade protection防护工程protective engineering防护林protection forest防沙sand proof固沙stabilization of sand输导砂sediment transport路侧建筑物roadside structure排水沟weeper drain;weep drain;drainage ditch;drain ditch挡风墙wind-shield wall;wind-break wall隔声墙sound-proof wall防雪栅snow fence;snow guard轨道理论track theory轨道设计track design轨道参数track parameter轨品距track gauge;rail gage;rail gauge轨距加宽track gauge widening轨底坡cant of rail;rail cant轨道力学track dynamics;track mechanics轨道强度track strength轨道阻力track resistance道床阻力trackbed resistance;ballast resistance扣固力fastening force钢轨应力rail stress轨道承载力track bearing capacity轨道稳定性track stability;stability of track轨道试验；轨道实验track test轮轨关系wheel-rail interaction;wheel-rail relation轮轨动力学wheel-rail dynamics轮轨作用力wheel-rail force轮轨接触wheel-rail contact接触应力contact stress轨道结构track structure轨道track铁路轨道；轨道;铁道轨道railway track;track线路上部建筑；轨道track superstructure;track重型轨道heavy track宽轨枕轨道broad sleeper track板式轨道slab track;slab-track整体道床轨道monolithic roadbed track防振轨道anti-vibration track高架轨道elevated track无缝线路jointless line;continuously welded rail track;jointless track 桥上轨道结构bridge deck track structure隧道内轨道结构track structure in tunnel钢轨steel rail重型钢轨heavy rail长钢轨long rail焊接长钢轨long welded rail缩短轨shortened rail;standard shortened rail;fabricated short rail used on curves;standard curtailed rail热处理钢轨heat-treated rail合金钢轨alloy steels rail旧钢轨used rail钢轨钢rail steel钢轨螺栓孔rail bolt hole轨缝rail gap;joint gap钢轨焊缝rail welding seam钢轨接头rail joint异型接头compromise joint伸缩接头expansion joint焊接接头welding joint;welded joint绝缘接头track section insulator;insulated joint胶接接头adhesive joint鱼尾板fish plate鱼尾螺栓fish bolt扣件fastening;rail fastening弹性扣件elastic fastening;elastic rail fastening弹条式扣件elastic rod type fastening分开式扣件separated fastening;separated rail fastening;indirect holding fastening 扣板式扣件clip fastening 刚性扣件rigid fastening垫圈ring道钉spike;track spike;rail spike;dog spike螺纹道钉threading spike;screw spike垫板tie-plate;tie plate橡胶垫板rubber tie-plate;rubber tie plate防爬器anticreeper;anti-creeper;rail anchor轨距拉杆gauge tie rod轨下基础underrail foundation;sub-rail foundation;sub-rail track bed轨枕sleeper;tie;cross tie木枕wooden sleeper;wooden tie混凝土枕；砼枕concrete sleeper;concrete tie轨枕板；宽轨枕sleeper slab;broad sleeper钢枕steel sleeper;steel tie合成轨枕composite sleeper纵向轨枕longitudinal tie岔枕points sleeper;switch tie;turnout tie桥枕bridge tie;bridge sleeper轨排track panel;track skeleton枕下胶垫rubber pad under sleeper道床track bed;ballast bed碎石道床ballast bed整体道床monolithic track bed;solid bed;integrated ballast bed;monolithic concrete bed 沥青道床bituminous raodbed;asphalt roadbed;asphalt cemented ballast bed石棉道床asbestos ballast道碴ballast道床覆盖ballast cover轨道附属设备track auxiliary equipment钢轨涂油器rail lubricator融雪器snow melter复轨器replacer;re-railer;rerailing device脱轨器derailer车挡bumper;bumper post道岔switch;point;turnout;switches and crossings单开道岔single point;simple turnout;lateral turnout双开道岔double turnout三开道岔three-throw turnout;symmetrical three throw turnout;three-way turnout 交分道岔slip switch高速道岔high-speed switch切线型道岔tangent turnout道岔设计turnout design过岔速度switch crossing speed辙叉frog;crossing整铸辙叉integrated cast frog镒钢辙叉manganese steel frog crossing焊接辙叉welding frog crossing组合辙叉combined frog;assembled frog可动心轨辙叉movable point frog;movable-point frog可动翼轨辙叉movable wing rails;movable-wing frog尖轨switch point;point tongue;switch rail;tongue rail;blade滑床板slide chair;slide plate;switch plate基本轨stock rail翼轨wing rail护轮轨guard rail导曲线curve of turnout;lead curve道岔附带曲线curve following turnout branch line交叉crossing渡线track cross-over;crossover通过道岔passing switch铁路道口；铁道道口railway crossing平交道口level crossing道口板crossing slab道口路面crossing road surface立体交叉；立交grade separation线路施工track construction石方工程rock excavation土方工程earthwork填方filling挖方cutting土方调拨mass dispatching线路施工机械track construction machinery and equipment 轨道施工track construction轨道工程track construction轨道铺设track laying铺碴ballasting轨枕铺设sleeper laying铺轨rail-laying轨排组装track panel assembling轨排装运track panel loading轨排基地track panel base钢轨焊接rail welding钢轨热处理rail heat treatment钢轨铺设rail laying钢轨锁定rail locking道岔铺设switch laying轨道施工机械track construction machinery铺轨列车tracklaying train;track laying train铺轨机rail-laying machine;track laying machine钢轨焊接车rail welding car焊轨机steel rails weldeding mill;rail welding machine 轨排组装机track panel assembling machine 轨排运送车track panel transport car铺枕机sleeper-laying machine铺碴车ballasting car铺碴机ballasting machine铺道岔机turnout-laying machine焊接长钢轨运送车welding long rails transport car动力稳定车dynamic track stabilizer线路状态track state路基病害subgrade defect沉降settlement坍方落石；危石collapse rock翻浆冒泥frost boiling;mud-pumping路基壅水subgrade water damming路基渗流subgrade seepage flow路基冲刷subgrade erosion振动液化vibration liquifaction冻融虫freezing and thawing冻胀frost heaving冻害freezing damage;frost heaving雪害snow damage;snow blockade;snow drift沙害sand damage轨道状态track condition轨道变形track deformation;track disorder;track distortion轨道不平顺track irregularity低接头depression of joint三角坑warp;twist钢轨爬行rail creeping涨轨跑道；钢轨鼓曲buckled track;rail buckle钢轨疲劳rail fatigue钢轨伤损rail failure;rail defects and failures钢轨断裂rail fracture钢轨裂纹rail crack;rail crackes轨头剥离rail head shelling;gage line shelly cracks钢轨锈蚀rail bubble;rail corrosion钢轨磨耗rail wearing波形磨耗；波浪磨耗undulatory wear螺孔裂纹bolt hole crack辙叉伤损；辙叉损伤frog failure木枕开裂wooden sleeper cracking轨枕伤损；轨枕伤损sleeper damage道床脏污ballast contamination线路养护track maintenance线路维修track maintenance;maintenance of track日常维修routine maintenance;current maintenance状态修repairing on condition;repair according to condition 巡回检查inspection tour轨道检测机具track detection equipment道尺track gauge轨道检测track detection灾害检测装置disaster detector超声波探伤仪ultrasonic flaw detector钢轨探伤车rail detecting car;rail flaw detection car轨道检查车；轨检车track inspection car;track recording car 高速轨道检查车；高速轨检车high-speed track inspection car 养路作业track maintenance operation起道track lifting;raising of track垫碴起道ballast filling track lifting改道track realigning;gage correction;gaging of track拨道track lining捣固tamping除草weeding除草剂herbicide除雪snow clearing防冻anti-freezing融雪snow melt融雪剂snow melt agent钢轨加热rail heating钢轨打磨rail grinding钢轨矫直straightening of kinked rail钢轨更换rail replace钢轨探伤rail detecting钢轨焊补rail repairing welding轨缝调整rail gap adjusting应力放散stress-relieving钢轨温度rail temperature钢轨涂油rail lubrication轨枕更换sleeper replacement扣件作业fastening operation轨枕修补sleeper mending枕木防腐timber sleeper treating道岔养护switch maintenance道岔更换switch replacement辙叉焊补frog welding and repairing道床作业ballast operation道碴清筛ballast screening道碴更换ballast replacement道床整形ballast trimming曲线养护curved track maintenance线路管理系统track management system养路组织track maintenance organization养路计划track maintenance planning维修天窗maintenance time维修周期maintenance period养路安全track maintenance safety列车接近警报器；列车接近报警器；列车接近报警装置train approach warning device 养路质量track maintenance quality养路机械化track maintenance machinization线路中修intermediate repair of track起道修；线路中修track raising repair;track intermediate overhaul线路大修major repair of track线路更新；线路大修track renewal;track overhauling线路修复track restoration铁路抢修；铁道抢修railway emergency maintenance养路机械track maintenance machine起道机track lifting machine拨道机track lining machine起拨道机track lifting and lining machine捣固机tamping machine捣固车tamping wagon道床夯拍机ballast compactor配碴整形机ballast distributing and trimming machine;ballast distributing and regulating machine 道碴清筛机ballast cleaner扒碴机crib ballast raker;crib ballast removers道碴更换机ballast replacement eqnipment道床清扫机ballast cleaning machine轨枕更换机sleeper replacement equipment钢轨更换机rail replacement equipment钢轨打磨机rail grinding machine钢轨打磨车rail grinding wagon直轨器rail straightening tool;rail straightener锯轨机rail saw;rail cutting machine;rail sawing machine钢轨钻孔机rail drilling machine钢轨加热器rail heater轨缝调整器rail gap adjuster;rail puller道钉机spike driver除雪机snowbreaker;snow removing machine;snow remover除雪车snow-fighting vehicle;snow plow;snow plough除草机weeder;weed cutting machine;weed cutter清沟机ditcher碎冰机ice crusher养路机具track maintenance implements液压机具hydraulic tool轨道车track car上下道装置up and down track device发电车mobile power plant car;generator car综合养路机械comprehensive track maintenance machine机械化养路基地mechanized maintenance base工务部门maintenance of way branch大修队capital repair brigade工务段engineering district;maintenance of way section;track division;track district;track maintenance division 养路员工track maintenance worker工务修配厂maintenance of way shop焊轨厂rail welding plant枕木防腐厂timber sleeper treating plant采石场quarry;stonepit铁路专业英语词汇elevated railway, overhead railway, aerial railway 高架铁路mine railway 矿区铁路funicular (railway) 缆索铁路，登山铁路light railway line 轻便铁道urban railway 市区铁路railway network 铁路网railway transport 铁路运输trial run 试车open to traffic 通车porter 搬运工人ticket inspector 查票员ticket 车票single ticket, oneway ticket 单程票return ticket, roundtrip ticket 来回票platform ticket 站台票railway station 车站station hall 车站大厅information desk 服务台waiting room 候车室passenger station 客车站time-table 时刻表arrival time-table 到站时刻表departure time-table 发车时刻表ticket-collector, gateman 收票员ticket office, booking office 售票处junction 枢纽站rail and water terminal 水陆联运站platform bridge 天桥luggage barrow 推行李车enquiry office, information desk 问讯处way station 小站label 行李标签luggage office 行李房left-luggage office 行李暂存处platform-ticket 验票口barrier 栅栏门platform 站台（electric） platform truck 站台车platform tunnel 站台地道platform roofing 站台顶棚station-master 站长terminal; terminus 终点站escalator 自动扶梯The train leaves the station at..., The train is due out at... 火车在（某时）离站to have one's ticket punched（给检票员）检票10 minutes behind schedule 晚点十分钟to change trains at... 在（某地）换车The train is due at... 在（某时）到达to break the journey 中途下车dining car, restaurant car, diner 餐车pantry 餐车食品室open wagon, （railway） wagon, （railway） truck 敞车carriage, coach, car 车厢roof 车顶concertina walls （车厢通道两侧的）伸缩篷step; foot board （车厢门口的）踏板gangway （车厢的）通道lidded ashtray 带盖烟灰盒tank wagon 罐车mixed train 混合列车freight train, goods train 货物列车engine, locomotive 机车window seat 靠窗座位coach, passenger train 客车express train, express 快车refrigerator wagon 冷藏车car attendant; train attendant 列lj车员guard, conductor 歹lj车长slow train, way train 慢车covered wagon van, box car 棚车ordinary train 普通列车sleeping carriage with cushioned berths 软卧客车up train 上行车livestock wagon 牲畜车sleeping car, sleeper 卧车down train 下行车luggage van, baggage car 行李车rack, baggage rack 行李架sleeping carriage with semicushioned berths 硬卧客车ordinary seat 硬席carriage with semicushioned seats 硬座车mail car 邮政车mail and luggage van 邮政行李车through train 直达车special train 专车pointsman, switchman 道岔工人signal for blocking the track, block signal 闭塞信号semaphore signal, home signal 臂板信号warehouse 仓库siding, sidetrack 侧线，旁轨turnout 岔道weighing machine 秤重机derailing （火车）出轨single line (track) rail points, switches 道岔switch lock, point lock wait sign, wait signal单线道岔锁等候标志（信号）marshalling yard, shunting yard 调车场dispatching 调度dispatcher 调度员rail 钢轨sleeper, railroad tiecrossover 渡线，转线轨道track 轨道轨枕rail chair 轨座buffer stop, bumping post 缓冲桩goods shed, freight depot 货棚goods station 货运站，货站locomotive (engine) shed 机车库station warning sign 进站预告标container 集装箱clearance 净空(signal) gantry (铁路上支持信号装置的)跨线桥barrier (道口)拦路木section 路段reduce speed sign(al) 慢行标志(信号)bell and whistle sign, whistle sign 鸣笛预告标platform car, flat car 平车grade crossing, level crossing (道路与铁路的)平面交叉track-laying machine, tracklayer 铺轨机double line (track) rail 双线volume of railway freight 铁路货运量railway connections 铁路交叉点，铁路联络线railway warning sign 铁路警告标志railway clearance 铁路净空railroad bed 铁路路基railway curve 铁路曲线(弯道)railway tunnel 铁路隧道railway line, railroad line 铁路线stop sign(al) 停车标志(信号)danger sign(al) 危险标志(信号)unprotected crossing 无防护设备的道口signal light (lamp) 信号灯signal box, signalman's cabin 信号房signalman 信号员distant signal, disk signal, target 圆盘信号机back-turning section 折返段wing rail (of frog) 翼轨frog 辙叉，岔心turn-table 车台，旋车盘point (box), switch (box) 转辙器switch signal, point indicator 转辙信号。
铁路施工常用英文词汇
落石冲击力impact force of falling stone隧道埋置深度；埋深buried depth of tunnel地温梯度geothermal dradient地应力crustal stress预留变形量deformation allowance暗挖法subsurface excavation method明挖法open-cut method矿山法mining method；mine tunneling method钻眼爆破法drilling and blasting method新奥法New Austrian Tunnelling Method；NATM喷锚构筑法shotcrete-bolt construction method掘进机法tunnel boring machine method盾构法shield method沉管法immersed tunnelling method地下连续墙法underground diaphragm wall method；underground wall method；diaphragm wall method全断面开挖法full-face tunnelling method分部开挖法partial excavation method台阶法benching tunnelling method正台阶法positive benching tunnelling method反台阶法negative benching tunnelling method导坑heading上下导坑法top and bottom heading method上导坑法top-heading method漏斗棚架法hopper-shed support tunnelling method蘑菇形开挖法mushroom-type tunnelling method侧壁导坑法side heading method单侧导坑法single side heading method双侧导坑法twin-side heading method品字形导坑法top and twin-side bottom heading method眼睛式开挖法spectacles type tunnelling method超前导坑advance heading扩大enlargement拉槽pull trough；trench excavated马口excavation of side wall at intervals控制爆破controlled blasting光面爆破smooth blasting预裂爆破presplit blasting先墙后拱法side wall first lining method先拱后墙法arch first lining method；flying arch method开挖工作面excavated surface；excavated work face超挖overbreak欠挖underbreak找顶top cleaning出碴mucking and removing有轨运输track transportation无规运输trackless transportation拱圈封顶closing the toop of lining墙顶封口seal；seal at the top of wall喷射混凝土回弹rebound of shotcrete隧道贯通tunnel holing-through隧道贯通误差tunnel through error隧道贯通面tunnel through plane临时支护temporary support构件支撑member support钢拱支撑steel arch support喷射混凝土支护shotcrete support锚杆支护anchor bolt support喷锚支护shotcrete and rock bolt support系统锚杆system anchor bolt超前支护advance support超前锚杆advance anchor bolt插板支护inserting plate support；forepoling小导管预注浆pre-grouting with small duct管棚支护pipe-shed support；pipe roofing support格构拱；钢花拱；格棚拱trellis arch；lattice arch喷射混凝土shotcrete；spray concrete干喷混凝土dry shotcreting湿喷混凝土wet shotcreting潮喷混凝土；半湿喷混凝土half set shotcreting喷射钢纤维混凝土steel fiber shotcrete；steel fiber reinforced shotcrete 防水混凝土waterproof concrete预切槽precutting trough辅助坑道service gallery竖井shaft斜井inlined shaft横洞transverse gallery平行导坑parallel heading横通道transverse passage-way调查坑道investigation gallery；survey tunnel竖井联系测量shaft connection survey隧道防水waterproofing of tunnel防水等级classification of waterproof防水层waterproof layer防水板waterproof board；waterproof sheet防水涂层waterproofing coating隧道压浆pressure grouting of tunnel止水带water stop tie盲沟blind ditch泻水洞drain cavern；drain tunnel隧道运营通风permanent ventilation of tunnel自然通风natural ventilation机械通风mechanical ventilation风道式通风ventilation by air passage隧道通风帘幕ventilation curtain列车活塞作用piston action of train隧道射流式通风tunnel efflux ventilation；tunnel injector type ventilation隧道通风试验tunnel ventilation test隧道施工通风construction ventilation of tunnel风管式通风ventilation by pipes巷道式通风ventilation by ducts隧道照明tunnel illumination；tunnel lighting隧道防灾设施tunnel anti-disaster equipment避车洞refuge hole；refuge recess；refuge niche隧道火灾tunnel fire hazard隧道报警装置tunnel warning equipment隧道消防系统tunnel fire-fighting system隧道瓦斯爆炸tunnel gas explosion隧道监控量测tunnel monitoring measurement隧道地表沉降tunnel ground subsidence隧道拱顶下沉tunnel arch top settlement隧道底鼓tunnel floor heave隧道周边位移tunnel perimeter deflection隧道地中位移tunnel surrounding mass deflection隧道改建tunnel reconstruction隧道落底under cut of tunnel隧道挑顶top picking of tunnel隧道套拱cover arch of tunnel施工调查construction investigation施工准备construction preparation征地expropriation拆迁removing租地rented land交接桩delivery-receiving stake施工复测construction repetition；repetive survey；construction repetition survey 测量放样staking out in survey土石方调配cut-fill transition土石方体积图；土积图volume diagram of earth-rock work隐蔽工程hidden project；hidden construction work废弃工程abandoned project；abandoned construction work工程运输engineering transportation冬季施工cold weather construction；winter season construction雨季施工raining season construction；rainy season construction工程招标calling for tenders of project；calling for tending of project工程投标bidding for project工程报价project quoted price工程发包contracting out of project工程承包contracting of project工程监理supervision of construction；supervision of project总预算total budget单项预算individual budget建筑业总产值total output of building industry指导性施工组织设计design for guiding construction organization；guiding design for construction scheme实施性施工组织设计design for practical construction organization；practical design ofr construction scheme；operative construction organization design临时工程temporary project大型临时工程large-scale temporary project小型临时工程small-scale temporary project过渡工程transition project控制工程dominant project关键工程key project辅助设施auxiliary facilities通车期限time limit for opening to traffic施工总工期total time of construction；total construction time施工组织方案construction scheme开工报告report on starting of construction work；commencement report of construction work；construction starting report竣工报告completion repport of construction work施工计划管理planned manangement of construction网络计划技术network planning technique施工工艺流程construction technology process；construction process工法制度construction method system施工产值construction output value施工利润construction profit施工机械利用率utilization ratio of construction machinery施工机械完好率ratio of construction machinery in good condition施工形象进度construction figuue progress；figurative progress of construction work挖掘机excavating machine；excavator单斗挖土机power shovel索铲挖土机dragline反铲挖土机backhoe蛤壳式抓斗clamshell bucket推土机bulldozer铲运机scoper；scraper；carrying scraper装载机loader带式输送机belt conveyer平地机grader振动碾压机vibration compactor vibration roller压路机roller潜孔钻机diving drill凿岩机air hammer drill；rock drill碎石机crusher挖沟机trench cutting machine；trenching machine；trencher塔式起重机tower crane；column crane汽车式起重机automobile crane；autocrane；truck crane轮胎式起重机rubber tired crane；rough-terrain crane履带式起重机crawler crane；caterpiller crane轨道起重机track crane；rail crane浮式起重机；浮吊floating crane缆索起重机cable crane空中索道aerial ropway电动卷扬机electric winch电动吊车；电动葫芦electric hoist千斤顶jack打桩机pile driver蒸汽打桩机steam pile driver；steam pile hammer柴油打桩机diesel pile driver液压打桩机hydraulic pile driver振动打桩机vibrating pile driver；vibratory driver振动沉拨桩机vibro-driver extractor静压力拨桩机static pressure pile extractor；static pressure pile drawing machine 履带式桩架crawler pile frame旋转式钻机swiveling drill machine；rotary drill machine灌水钻机diving drill machine套管钻机drill machine with casting冲击式钻机impact-type drill machine；percussion type drill machine离心水泵centrifugal pump真空水泵vacuum pump深井水泵deep well pump轴流水泵axial flow pump清水泵driving pump往复式空气压缩机reciprocating compressor螺杆式空气压缩机screw compressor单转子滑片式空压机single rotary compressor水泥输送泵cement pump混凝土搅拌机concrete mixer鼓筒式混凝土搅拌机drum concrete mixer锥形反转出料混凝土搅拌机tapered reverse tilting concrete mixer锥形倾翻出料混凝土搅拌机tapered tilting concrete mixer强制式混凝土搅拌机forced concrete mixer混凝土搅拌楼concrete mixing plant简易混凝土搅拌站simple concrete mixing plant混凝土搅拌运输车concrete mixing and transporting car；truck mixer；transit mixer 混凝土输送泵concrete pump混凝土泵车concrete pump truck混凝土吊斗concrete lifting bucket钢筋调直机bar straightener钢筋切断机bar cutter钢筋弯曲机bar bender钢筋冷拉机bar cold-drawing machine插入式混凝土振捣器immersion type vibrator for concrete附着式混凝土振捣器attached type vibrator for concrete；attached type vibrator平板式混凝土振捣器plate vibrator混凝土振动台concrete vibrating stand长线张拉台座stretching bed for longline production斜撑桅杆式架梁起重机cross stay derrick girder erecting machine全回转式架梁起重机full circle girderr erecting crane双悬臂式架桥机double cantilever girder-erecting machine单梁式架桥机single beam girder-erecting machine双梁式架桥机double beam girder-erecting machine组拼式架桥机assembly type girer-erecting machine造桥机bridge fabrication machine工程船舶engineering ship；engineering vessel舟桥bateau bridge浮箱floating box；pontoon万能杆件fabricated universal steel members模板form组合钢模板combined steel formwork滑动模板slip form爬升模板climbing shuttering砌拱支架；碗扣式脚手架soffit scaffolding风镐air pick；pneumatic pick凿岩台车；钻孔台车rock drilling jumbo立爪式装岩机vertical claw rock loader蟹爪式装岩机crab rock loader梭式矿车shutter car槽式列车bunker train电瓶车storage battery car斗车bucker loader大型矿车large scale ore car装岩机rock loader干喷混凝土机dry shotcreting machine湿喷混凝土机wet shotcreting machine半湿喷混凝土机half wet shotcreting machine喷射混凝土机械手shotcrete manipulator风动凿岩机pneumatic rock drill手持式凿岩机portable rock drill；jack hammer通风机ventilating set；ventilating machine；ventilator注浆机grouting machine；grouter注浆泵grouting pump；injection pump隧道衬砌模板台车working jumbo for tunnel lining；tunnelling shutter jumbo for tunnel lining 隧道掘进机tunnel boring machine；TBM盾构shield接触网架线车installation vehicle for contact wire接触网作业车operation vehicle for contract wire自卸汽车dumping truck斗式提升机bucket elevator安全技术措施safety techincal measures安全教育safety education事故报告accident report灾害性地质disaster geology突泥projecting mud soil突水gushing water冒顶roof fall岩爆rock burst瓦斯突出gas projection瓦斯浓度gas density；gas consistency掏底开挖；挖神仙土cut the vertical earthwork bottom施工防护construction protection线路封锁track blockade；closure of track；traffic interruption防护音响信号protecting acoustic signal覆盖防护covered protection近体防护nearby protection安全标志safety mark；safety symbol；safety indicator停车防护stopping train protection；standing train protection安全距离safety distance人员掩蔽所hiding-place for personnel待遇所refuge place安全地点safety place安全帽safety cap；safety helmet安全绳safety rope safety strap安全网safety net保险带safety belt安全梯emergency staircase；fire escape防护栏杆protecction railing安全用电safety in utilizing electric energy安全电压safety voltage消防设施fire-fighting equipment防火门fire protection gate消防器材fire-fighting apparatus and materials隔火带fire protection strip防火净距fire protection distance瓦斯治理gas control安全炸药safety explosion；explosive charge；safety explosive 湿式凿岩wet boring for rock；wet drilling for rock防尘dust prevention；dust control防滑鞋antiskid shoe绝缘鞋insulant shoe防坠器falling protector阻车器stop device安全装置safety device；safety equipment救生设施lifesaving appliance防雷装置lighting protection device保护地线protective earth wire保护接地protective grounding触电保安器electric shock protector防爆设施blasting protection facilities质量管理quality management质量保证quality assurance质量控制quality control质量体系quality system质量监督quality surperintendence；quality surveillance工程质量检验inspection of engineering quality隐蔽工程检查hidden project inspection取样试验检查sampling inspection自测visual measurement；visual observation丈量measure仪器检查inspect by instrument全验overall acceptance抽验selective acceptance工程质量评定evaluation of engineering quality工程质量验收acceptance of engineerying quality随工验收acceptance following construction；follow-up acceptance 中间验收intermediate acceptance缺陷工程defect project；drawback project合格工程qualified project样板工程sample project优质工程；优良工程high grade project；high quality project施工验收delivery-receiving acceptance工务段track division；track district；track maintenance division 养路领工区track subdivision；track maintenance subdivision养路工区track maintenance section；permanent way gang养路领工员track master；track supervisor养路工长track foreman养路工trackman；machine operator；track machanics巡道工track walker；track patrolling man道口看守工grade crossing watchman；level crossing watchman桥隧巡守工bridge and tunnel watchman；bridge and tunnel patrolling man轨道；线路上部建筑track轨道类型classification of track；track standard轨道结构track structure有碴轨道ballasted track无碴轨道ballastless track线路track；permanent way有缝线路jointed track无缝线路continuously welded rail track；jointless track长轨线路long welded rail track轨排track panel；track skeleton轨节rail link长轨条long rail string轨道几何形位track geometry轨距加宽gauge widening螺旋曲线spiral curve clothold curve三次抛物线曲线cubic parabola curve曲线超高superelevation cant；elevation of curve欠超高deficient superlevation过超高surplus superelevation；excess elevation反超高reverse superelevation；counter superelevation；negative superelevation 未本平衡离心加速度unbalaned cenrifugal acceleraion曲线正矢curve versine轨道力学track mechanics轨道动力学track dynamics轨道强度计算track strength analysis轨道几何状态恶化track deterioration轨道失效track failure轨道框架刚度rigidity of track panel道床系数ballast coefficient；ballast modulus钢轨基础模量rail supporting modulus ；track moulus钢轨支点弹性模量modulus of elasticity of rail support轨道应力track stresses轨道稳定性stability of track接头阻力joint resistance道床阻力ballast resistance扣件扣压力toe load of fastening轮/轨接触应力rail/wheel contact stress钢轨rail轨头rail head轨腰rail web轨底rail base；rail bottom淬火轨head hardened rail ；quenched rail合金轨alloy steel rail合金淬火轨head hardened alloy steel rail ；quenched alloy耐磨轨wear resistant rail耐腐蚀轨corrosion resistant rail标准长度钢轨standard length rail短轨short rail缩短轨standardshortened rail ；fabricated short rail used on curves；sandard curtailed rail异形轨compromise rail护轨guard rail；check rail轨底坡rail cant钢轨工作边gage line轨缝；接头缝rail gap；joint gap构造轨缝structural joint gap ；maximum joint gap structurally obtainable钢轨接头rail joint相对接头opposite joint ；square joint相错式接头；相互式接头alternate joint ；staggered joint ；broken joint垫接接头；承接接头supported joint悬接接头suspended joint绝缘接头insulated joint胶结绝缘接头glued insulated joint焊接接头welded joint冻结接头frozen joint异形接头compromise joint钢轨伸缩调节器；温度调节器expansion rail joint；rail expansion device；swith expansion joint接头联结零件rail joint accessories ；rail joint fastenings接头夹板；鱼尾板joint bar ；splice bar ；fish plate平型双头夹板flat joint bar轨头地面接触夹板；锲型接头夹板head contact flat joint bar轨腹上圆弧接触夹板；铰型接头夹板head free flat joint bar带裙鱼尾板aproned fish plate；fish plate with apron异型接头夹板compromise joint bar接头螺栓；鱼尾螺栓track blolt ；fish bolt钩螺栓claw bolt ；hook bolt ；anchor bolt扣件；中间联结零件rail fastening分开式扣件separated rail fastening ；indirect holding fastening不分开式扣件nonseparated rail fastening ；direct holding fastening半分开式扣件semi-separaed rail fastening ；mixed holding fastening弹性扣件elasic rail fastening道钉；狗头钉；钩头钉track spike ；rail spike ；dog spike弹簧道钉elastic rail spike螺纹道钉screw spike螺栓螺纹钉bolt-screw spike硫磺锚固sulphur cement mortar anchor ；sulphur cement mortar anchorage 垫板tie plate橡胶垫板；弹性垫板rubber tie plate衬垫pad冻害垫板frost heave board；track shim for frost heaving roadbed ；frost shim 弹簧垫圈spring washer防爬器anti-creeper；rail anchor穿销防爬器wedged rail anchor弹簧防爬器spring rail anchor防爬支撑anti-creep strut轨撑rail brace轨距杆gage tie bar；gage rod ；gage tie绝缘轨距杆insulated gage rod轨下基础sub-rail foundation ；sub-rail track bed轨枕tie；cross tie ；sleeper宽混凝土轨枕；轨枕板broad concrete tie纵向轨枕longitudinal tie板式轨道slab-track木枕；枕木wooden tie油枕treated wooden tie素枕untreated wooden tie钢枕steel tie混凝土枕concrete tie岔枕switch tie ；turnout tie短枕short tie ；block tie枕盒crib道床ballast bed整体道床solid bed；integrated ballast bed；monolithic concrete bed沥青道床asphalt cemented ballast bed道碴层；道碴床ballast layer道碴ballast[NextPage]铁路建设常用英语单词道碴级配ballast grading洛杉叽磨损实验Los Angeles abrasion test碎石道碴stone ballast矿碴道碴slag ballast卵石道碴gravel ballast砂道碴sand ballast底碴subballast道床厚度thickness of ballast bed；depth of ballast道床宽度width of ballast bed道床碴肩shoulder of ballast bed轮轨游间clearance between wheel flange and gage line曲线内接inscribed to curves自由内接free inscribing强制内接compulsory inscribing楔形内接wedging inscribing静力内接static inscribing动力内接dynamic inscribing轨道不平顺track irregularity静态不平顺static track irregularity；irregularity without load动态不平顺dynamic track irregularity轨道几何尺寸容许公差track geometry tolerances轨道变形track deformation；track disorder；track distortion轨道残余变形track residual deformation；track permanent deformation 弹性挤开gage elastically widened；elastic squeeze-out轨道水平；左右水平track cross level轨道方向track alignment轨道前后高低；前后高低longitudinal level of rail；track profile三角坑；扭曲twist warp轨道明坑visile pit of track；visible low spot of track；track depression 翻浆冒泥mud-pumping钢轨低接头depressed joint；battered foint of rail接头瞎缝closed joint；tight joint大轨缝excessive joint gap；wide joint gap线路爬行track creeping轨头波纹磨损corrugation of rail head；rail corrugation轨头短波浪磨损short wave undulation of rail head轨头长波浪磨损long wave undulation of rail head轨头马鞍形磨损rail end batter；saddle wear of rail end轨头肥边flow of rail head；lipping of rail head错牙接头rail ends unevenness in line or surface钢轨伤损rail defects and failures钢轨擦伤engine burn；wheel burn钢轨锈蚀rail corrosion白点flake crack；shatter crack；small nucleus fissure核伤nucleus flaw；oval flaw轨头剥离gage line shelly cracks轨头掉块spalling of rail head轨头压溃crushing of rail head轨头垂直劈裂vertical split of rail head轨头微细波纹detail fracture of rail head轨端崩裂rail end breakage钢轨打标记branding & stamping of rails轨端削角；轨端倒棱rail end chamfering螺栓孔削角；螺栓孔倒棱bolt hole chamfering螺栓孔加强bolt hole cold-working strenthening轨头水平劈裂horizontal split of rail head轨腰劈裂piped rail ；split of rail web钢轨裂纹rail cracks轨头发裂head checks ；hair crack of rail head轨底崩裂burst of rail base；burst of rail bottom ；broken rail base钢轨折断brittle fractures of rail ；sudden rupture of rail钢轨落锤试验drop test of rail螺孔裂纹bolt hole crack线路大修major repair of reack ；overhaul of track ；track renewal线路中修intermediate repair of track线路维修maintenance of track找小坑spot surfacing全面起道捣固out-of-face surfacing起道raising of track ；track lifting落道under cutting of track ；lowering of track垫砂起道measured shovel packing改道gage correction ；gaging of track拨道track lining整正水平adjusting of cross level整正曲线curve adjusting；curve lining绳正法整正曲线string lining of curve绳度整正曲线计算器string lining computer ；string-line calculator调整轨缝；均匀轨缝adjusting of rail gaps；evenly distributing joint gaps 整正规缝dispersal of rail gaps；adjusting joint gaps up to standard矫直钢轨staightening of kinked rail焊修钢轨；堆焊钢轨resurfacing of rail打磨钢轨rail grinding轨头整形rail head reprofiling轨头非对称断面打磨asymmetrical rail head profile grinding方正轨枕tie respacing ；squaring of ties削平木枕tie adzing修补木枕tie repairing木枕防腐preservation of wooden tie木枕预钻孔preboring of wooden tie ；preboring of spike holes木枕刻痕incising of wooden tie枕木塞tie plug木枕防裂装置anti splitting device捣固道床ballast tamping夯实道床ballast ramming ；ballast consolidating清筛道床ballast cleaning整理道床ballast trimming锁定轨温fastening-down temperature of rail零应力轨温strss free rail temperature中和轨温neutral temperature放散温度力destressing ；stress liberation温度力temperature stress温度力峰temperature stress peak轨道鼓出临界温度critical temperature of track buckling伸缩区；呼吸区breathing zone缓冲区buffer zone；transition zone固定区nonbreathing zone ；fixd zone ；deformation -free zone调节轨buffer rail气压焊oxyacetylene pressure welding电阻焊flash butt welding铝热焊thrmlt welding周转轨inventory stock备用轨stock rails per kilometer of track；emergency rail stored along the way再用轨second hand rail ；relaying rail顺坡run-off elevation作业标志working signal停车牌red board；stop indicator慢行牌yellow board ；speed indicator线路标志road way signs ；permanent公里标kilometer post曲线标curve post坡度标grade post桥梁标bridge post隧道标tunnel post管界标section sign钢轨位移观测桩rail creep indication posts鸣笛标whistle board线路中断line interruption施工封闭线路line occupation for works封闭线路作业时间；开天窗作业时间works occupation time ；working time of closed sectin 列车空隙作业时间working time between trains养路表报maintenance -of-way report and forms；track work forms工务设备台帐technical record of track ；bridge and other equipments养路管理电脑系统computer aided track maintenance and management system线路平剖面图track charts养路费用maintenance of way expenditures线路维修规则rules of maintenance of way轨道养护标准standards of track main tenance换算线路长度equibalent track kilometerage轨检车评分track evaluatin by recording car；evaluation by track inspection car轨道质量指数track quality index平面交叉level crossing立体交叉grade separation道囗grade crossing；level crossing道囗铺面grade crossing pavement ；surface of grade crossing道囗平台level stretch of grade crossing道囗警标warning sign at grade crossing道囗栏木cross barrier at grade crossing道囗栅栏side barrier at grade crossing道囗护桩protective stake atgrade crossing限界架clearance limit frame道岔turnout ；switches and crossings单开道岔simple turnout ；；lateral turnout单式对称道岔；双开道岔symmetrical double curve turnout ；equilateral turnout单式不对称道岔；不对称双开道岔unsymmetrical double curve turnout ；unequilateral turnout 单式同侧道岔unsymmetrical double curve turnout in the same direction三开道岔stmmetrical three throw turnout ；three-way turnout不对称三开道岔unsymmetrical three-way turnout ；unsymmetrical three throw tunout左开道岔left hand turnout右开道岔right hand turnout交叉crossing菱形交叉diamond crossing直角交叉rectangular crossing ；square crossing交分道岔slip switch单式交分道岔single slip switches复式交分道岔double slip switches渡线crossover交叉渡线scissors crossing ；double crossover平行渡线parallel crossover梯线ladder track套线道岔mixed gage turnout道岔主线main line of turnout ；main track of turnout ；turnout main道岔侧线branch line of turnout ；branch track of turnout turnout branch导曲线lead curve导曲线半径radius of lead curve导曲线支距offset of lead curve道岔中心center of turnout辙叉frog；crossing辙叉角frog angle辙叉号数frog number道岔号数turnout number道岔始端beginning of turnout道岔终端end of turnout尖轨switch rail tongue rail；blade直线尖轨straight seitch曲线尖轨curved switch尖轨理论尖端theoretical point of switch rail尖轨尖端actual point of switch rail尖轨跟端heel of swith rail曲线出岔道岔turnout from curved track辙叉心轨理论尖端theoretical point of frog辙叉心轨尖端actual point of frog辙叉趾端toe end of frog ；frog toe辙叉跟端heel end of frog；frog heel道岔基线reference line of turnout道岔全长total length of turnout道岔理论长度theoretical length of turnout道岔实际长度actual length of turnout道岔理论导程theoretical lead of turnout道岔前部理论长度front part theoretical legth of turnout道岔后部理论长度rear part theoretical length of turnout道岔后部实际长度rear part actual length of turnout尖轨长度length of switch rail辙叉趾长toe length of frog辙叉跟长heel length of frog辙叉趾宽toe spread of frog辙叉跟宽heel s[read of frog尖轨动程throw of switch护轨与心轨的查照间隔check gage护背距离guard rail face gage；back gage辙叉有害空间gap in the frog ；open throat；unguarded flange-way转辙角switch angle辙叉咽喉throat of frog轮缘槽flange-way；flange clearance转辙器switch可弯式尖轨转辙器flexible switch间隔铁式尖轨转辙器loose heel switch高锰钢整铸辙叉solid manganese steel frog；cast manganese steel frog钢轨组合辙叉bolred rigid frog；assembled frog可动心轨辙叉movable-point frog可动翼轨辙叉movable-wing frog钝角辙叉obtuse frog锐角辙叉end frog；acute frog曲线辙叉curved frog基本轨stock rail密贴尖轨closed switch rail；close contact between switch point and stock rail淬火尖轨surface-hardened switch rail；quenched switch rail特种断面尖轨special heavy section switch rail；tongue rail made of special section rail；full-wed section switch rail翼轨wing rail心轨point rail；nose rail道岔护轨turnout guard rail尖轨护轨switch point guard rail尖轨保护器switch protector道岔拉杆switch rod；stretcher bar道岔连接杆connecting bar；following stretcher bar间隔铁filler；spacer block尖轨补强板reinforcing bar滑床板slide plate；switch plate线路机械permanent way machine线路机具permanent way tool路基机械subgrade machine；machine for roadway work轨道机械track machine道碴机械ballast machine捣固机械tamping machine夯实机械ballast consolidating machine道碴清筛机械ballast cleaning machine轨行式装运机械rail-mounted handling and transportation machine轨道检测设备track geometry measuring device安全防护设备safety protection equipment线路清理机械permanent way clearing machine公铁两用线路机械rail/road permanent way machine大型线路机械；重型线路机械heavy permanent way machine；large permanent way machine 小型线路机械；轻型线路机械light permanent way machine ；small permanent way machine 拨道机track lining machine拨道器track lining tool起道机track lifting起道器rail jack；track jack起拔道机track lifting and lining machine起拔道器track lifting and lining tool钢轨钻孔机rail drilling machine钢轨钻孔器rail drilling tool磨轨机rail grinding machine磨轨车rail grinding car磨轨列车rail grinding train锯轨机rail cutting machine ；rail sawing machine轨缝调整器rail gap adjuster ；rail puller钢轨拉伸器rail tensor直轨器rail straightening tool ；rail straightener平轨器rail bending tool ；rail bender钢轨刨边机rail-head edges planing machine钢轨推凸机rail weld seam shearing machine钢轨推凸器rail shearing device机动螺钉；螺栓板手rail screw-bolt power wrench地面钢轨凃油器on-track rail lubricator车载钢轨凃油器on-board rail lubricator焊轨机rail welding machine轨枕抽换机tie replacing machine木枕钻孔机wooden tie drilling machine打道钉机spike driver起道钉机spike puller混凝土枕螺栓钻取机concrete tie dowel drilling and pulling machine方枕器tie respacer木枕削平机wooden sleeper adzing machine手提电动捣固机；电镐portable electric tamper；hand electric tamper手提风动捣固机porable pneumatic tamper手提内然捣固机portable gasoline-powered tamper小型液压捣固机light hydraulic tamping machine液压捣固机；液压捣固车hydraulic tamping machine配碴整形机ballast distributing and regulating machine道碴犁ballast plow扒碴机crib ballast removers收碴机ballast recoliecting machine枕间夯实机crib consolidating machine道床边坡夯实机ballast shouder consolidating machine全断面道床夯实机full section ballast consolidating machine道床底碴夯实机subballast consolidating machine动力稳定机dynamic track stabilizer边坡清筛机ballast shouder cleaning machine大型全断面清筛机large ballast undercutting cleaners；on-track full section undercutting cleaners中型清筛机medium ballast undercutting cleaners大揭盖清筛机ballast cleaning machine eith removed track panels小型枕底清筛机small ballast undercutting cleaners轻型轨道车light rail motor car ；light motor trolley重型轨道车heavy rail motor car；heavy motor trolley发电轨道车power generating rail car发电走行两用车self-propelled power generating car轨道平车rail flat car长钢轨运输作业列车long welded rail transporting and working train铺轨机track laying machine轨行式起重机crane on-track ；rail-mounted crane悬臂式铺轨排机track panel laying machine with cantilever悬臂式铺轨机rail laying machine with cantilever门式铺轨排机track panel lating gantry crane铺轨列车track laying train工程宿营车work train with camp cars轨道检查车track recording car ；track inspection car轨道检查小车track geometry measuring trolley桥梁试验车bridge test car钢轨探伤车rail flaw detection car钢轨探伤仪rail flaw detector钢轨磨损检查车rail profile measuring car钢轨磨损检查仪rail profile gauge列车速度检查仪train speed monitoring device列车接近报警器train approach wairning device限界检测车clearance car ；clearance inspection car塌方落石报警器land slide warning device除雪机snow removing machine；snow remover道岔熔冰器sewitch heater除砂机sand removing machine开沟机ditcher开沟平路机track shaving machine ；ditching and grading machine 灌木切割机brush cutting machine ；brush cutter除草机weeding cutting machine ；weed cutter喷洒除草机weed killing machine weed killer万能道尺universal rail gage道钉锤spike hammer撬棍lining bar ；claw bar轨道水平尺track level螺栓扳手track wrenches单轨小车hand cart地表排水surface drainage地下排水subsurface drainage过滤层filter路基松软soft spots of road bed滑坡landslip；landslide坍方slide ；slip蠕变creep；crawl崩塌collapse；toppling冲刷erosion ；scouring落石rock fall泥石流warth flow；debris flow ；mud and rock flow冻害frost heaving雪崩snow slip ；snow slide；snow avalanche道碴槽ballast tub道碴箱ballast box道碴袋ballast pocket道碴巢ballast nest路基下沉subgrade settlement煤矿沉陷mining subsidence。
铁路工程英语常用词汇
铁路⼯程英语常⽤词汇Training Course铁路⼯程常⽤英语词汇English Vocabularies in Common Use for Railway EngineeringPrepared by Dr. Li WUFaculty of Engineering, China University of GeosciencesJuly, 2010铁路⼯程常⽤英语词汇Aabandoned blasting; abandonment blasting扬弃爆破abandoned project; abandoned construction work废弃⼯程abutment 桥台abutment body 台⾝abutment coping 台帽abutment with cantilevered retaining wall ⽿墙式桥台acceptance following construction; follow-up acceptance 随⼯验收acceptance of engineering quality ⼯程质量验收accident report 事故报告actual length of turnout 道岔实际长度actual point of frog 辙叉⼼轨尖端actual point of switch rail 尖轨尖端additional stake; plus stake 加桩adhesion coefficient 粘着系数adjusted sum of approximate estimate 调整总概算adjusting of cross level 整正⽔平adjusting of rail gaps; evenly distributing joint gaps调整轨缝; 均匀轨缝adobe blasting; contact blasting 裸露腰包爆破advance anchor bolt 超前锚杆advance heading 超前导坑advance support 超前⽀护aerial ropeway 空中索道aerial surveying alignment 航测选线agreement of international through traffic 国际联运协定air curtain method for sinking caisson 空⽓幕沉井法air hammer drill; rock drill 凿岩机air pick; pneumatic pick 风镐algebraic difference between adjacent gradients坡度差all welded steel bridge 全焊钢桥allowable scour 容许冲刷allowable stress design method 容许应⼒设计法alloy steel rail 合⾦轨alloy steels rail 合⾦钢轨altered design 变更设计alternate joint; staggered joint; broken joint相错式接头; 相互式接头amended sum of approximate estimate; revised general estimate 修正总概算anchor bolt support 锚杆⽀护anchor bolt 锚杆anchor plate 锚定板anchor slab abutment 锚定板式桥台anchor span 锚跨; 锚孔anchorage 锚碇anchored bolt retaining wall; anchored retaining wall by tie rods 锚杆挡墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods; anchored bulkhead retaining wall; anchored plate retaining wall 锚定板挡⼟墙anchor-section lining 下锚段衬砌; 接触⽹锚段衬砌anti splitting device ⽊枕防裂装置anti-creep strut 防爬⽀撑anti-creeper; rail anchor 防爬器anticreeper; anti-creeper; rail anchor 防爬器antiskid pile; anti-slide pile; counter-sliding pile 抗滑桩antiskid shoe 防滑鞋anti-skid-type open cut tunnel; anti-skid-type tunnel without cover; anti-skid-type gallery 抗滑明洞anti-slide pile; counter-sliding pile 抗滑桩aperture of culvert 涵洞孔径approach spans 引桥approximate estimate of design; budgetary estimate of design 设计概算aproned fish plate; fish plate with apron 带裙鱼尾板arch 拱圈arch bridge 拱桥arch crown 拱顶arch culvert 拱涵arch first lining method; flying arch method先拱后墙法arch open cut tunnel; arch tunnel without cover; arch gallery 拱形明洞arch rib 拱肋arch ring 拱圈asbestos ballast ⽯棉道床asphalt cemented ballast bed 沥青道床assembly pier; pier constructed with precast units拼装式桥墩assembly type girder-erecting machine 组拼式架桥机asymmetrical rail head profile grinding 轨头⾮对称断⾯打磨attached type vibrator for concrete; attached type vibrator 附着式混凝⼟振捣器auger injected pile 螺旋喷射桩automation of synthetic operations at freight station货运站综合作业⾃动化automation of synthetic operations in marshalling yard 编组场综合作业⾃动化automation of traffic control ⾏车指挥⾃动化automobile crane; autocrane; truck crane汽车式起重机autostress rating ⾃动⼒矩检定auxiliary deflection angle 分转向⾓auxiliary facilities 辅助设施auxiliary girder for controlling angle change梁端缓冲梁auxiliary intersection point 副交点axial flow pump 轴流⽔泵axle load 轴重axle load limited 限制轴重Bbackhoe 反铲挖⼟机backwater height in front of bridge; top water level in front of bridge 桥前壅⽔⾼度balance weight retaining wall; gravity retaining wall with relieving platform; balanced type retaining wall衡重式挡⼟墙balanced grade 均衡坡度balancing speed 均衡速度ballast 道碴ballast bed 碎⽯道床ballast box 道碴箱ballast cleaning 清筛道床ballast cleaning machine 道碴清筛机械ballast cleaning machine with removed track panels⼤揭盖清筛机ballast coefficient; ballast modulus 道床系数ballast consolidating machine 夯实机械ballast cover 道床覆盖ballast distributing and regulating machine配碴整形机ballast grading 道碴级配ballast layer 道碴层; 道碴床ballast machine 道碴机械ballast nest 道碴巢ballast plow 道碴犁ballast pocket 道碴袋ballast ramming ; ballast consolidating 夯实道床ballast recollecting machine 收碴机ballast resistance 道床阻⼒ballast shouder cleaning machine 边坡清筛机ballast shouder consolidating machine 道床边坡夯实机ballast tamping 捣固道床ballast trimming 整理道床ballast trough 桥梁道碴槽ballast tub 道碴槽ballast 道碴ballasted deck; ballasted floor 道碴桥⾯ballasted track 有碴轨道ballastless track ⽆碴轨道bar bender 钢筋弯曲机bar cold-drawing machine 钢筋冷拉机bar cutter 钢筋切断机bar straightener 钢筋调直机bascule bridge 竖旋桥basic intensity of earthquake; seismic basic intensity 地震基本烈度bateau bridge ⾈桥batter pile; raking pile; spur pile 斜桩bearing ⽀座bearing capacity of foundation; bearing capacity of ground; bearing of subgrade 地基承载⼒bearing pile ⽀承桩beginning of turnout 道岔始端belt conveyer 带式输送机bench tunnel portal 台阶式洞门benching tunnelling method 台阶法benchmark leveling ⽔准点⾼程测量bent 排架bent-up bar 弯起钢筋berm with superloading; berm for back pressure; counter swelling berm 反压护道bidding for project ⼯程投标bituminous raodbed; asphalt roadbed; asphalt cemented ballast bed 沥青道床blasting discharging sedimentation; silt arresting by explosion; discharge of sedimentation by blasting爆破排淤blasting for loosening rock 松动爆破blasting protection facilities 防爆设施blind ditch 盲沟blind drain 渗⽔暗沟bolt hole chamfering 螺栓孔削⾓; 螺栓孔倒棱bolt hole cold-working strengthening 螺栓孔加强bolt hole crack 螺孔裂纹bolt wrench with indicator 螺栓⽰功扳⼿bolted and welded steel bridge 栓焊钢桥bolted rigid frog; assembled frog 钢轨组合辙叉bolt-screw spike 螺栓螺纹钉bored pile 钻孔桩boring; exploration drilling 钻探bottom layer of subgrade; formation base layer; bottom layer of subgrade bed 基床表层bouncing; vibration 浮沉振动box culvert 箱涵box girder 箱形梁braking bracing 制动撑架braking force of train 列车制动⼒braking pier 制动墩branch line ⽀线branch line of turnout ; branch track of turnout turnout branch 道岔侧线branding & stamping of rails 钢轨打标记breaking up ice run; breaking up ice floe prevent collision 防撞破凌breathing zone 伸缩区; 呼吸区bridge and tunnel patrolling 桥隧巡守bridge and tunnel watchman; bridge and tunnel patrolling man 桥隧巡守⼯bridge approach 桥头引线bridge construction clearance; bridge structure gaugebridge deck track structure 桥上轨道结构bridge erection by floating 浮运架桥法bridge fabrication machine 造桥机bridge foundation 桥梁基础bridge load spectrum 桥梁荷载谱bridge post 桥梁标bridge rating test 桥梁检定试验bridge test car 桥梁试验车bridge tie; bridge sleeper 桥枕bridge tie; bridge sleeper 桥枕bridge tower; pylon 桥塔brittle fractures of rail; sudden rupture of rail钢轨折断broad concrete tie 宽混凝⼟轨枕; 轨枕板broad sleeper track 宽轨枕轨道broad-gage railway 宽轨铁路broken chain 断链broken height 断⾼brush cutting machine ; brush cutter 灌⽊切割机bucker loader ⽃车bucket elevator ⽃式提升机buffer rail 调节轨buffer zone; transition zone 缓冲区bulldozer 推⼟机bumper; bumper post 车挡bundled steel wires 钢丝束bunker train 槽式列车buoyancy 浮⼒buried abutment 埋置式桥台buried depth of tunnel 隧道埋置深度; 埋深burst of rail base; burst of rail bottom ; broken rail base 轨底崩裂Ccable 缆索cable band; cable clamp 索夹cable crane 缆索起重机cable plane 索平⾯cable saddle 索鞍cable-stayed bridge 斜拉桥caisson retaining wall 沉井挡墙calling for tenders of project; calling for tending of project ⼯程招标cant of rail; rail cant 轨底坡cantilever beam bridge 悬臂梁桥cantilever erection; erection by protrusion悬臂架设法cantilever shed tunnel; cantilever shed gallery悬臂式棚洞cantilevered assembling construction; free cantilever erection with segments of precast concrete悬臂拼装法carbon equivalent 碳当量cast-in-place cantilever construction; free cantilever segmental concreting with suspended formwork悬臂灌注法cast-in-place concrete pile; cast-in-situ concrete pile就地灌注桩cast-in-place method; cast-in-situ method就地贯注法catchment area; water collecting area; drainage area汇⽔⾯积catchment basin of debris flow 泥⽯流流域cement pump ⽔泥输送泵center line stake 中线桩center line survey 中线测量center of turnout 道岔中⼼center stake leveling 中桩⾼程测量; 中平center to center distance between main girder主梁中⼼距centrifugal force of train 列车离⼼⼒centrifugal pump 离⼼⽔泵certification of design; appraisal of design设计鉴定chamber explosive package blasting; chamber blasting 洞室药包爆破change side of double line 换侧; 换边change soil; soil replacement 换⼟channel erosion 河床冲刷check gage 护轨与⼼轨的查照间隔checking of clearance; check measurement限界检查checking of investment 投资检算chord member 弦杆chute 急流槽circular curve 圆曲线circular pier 圆形桥墩clamshell bucket 蛤壳式抓⽃classification of soil and rock ⼟⽯分类classification of track; track standard 轨道类型classification of tunnel surrounding rock 隧道围岩分级classification of waterproof 防⽔等级claw bolt ; hook bolt ; anchor bolt 钩螺栓clear spam 净跨clearance between wheel flange and gage line轮轨游间clearance car; clearance inspection car 限界检测车clearance diagram 限界图clearance improvement 限界改善clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock机车车辆下部限界clearance limit for overhead contract wire 接触⽹限界clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock机车车辆上部限界clearance limit frame 限界架clearance; gauge 限界climbing shuttering 爬升模板clip fastening 扣板式扣件closed joint; tight joint 接头瞎缝closed switch rail; close contact between switch point and stock rail 密贴尖轨closing the loop of lining 拱圈封顶closure 桥梁合龙code of design 设计规范coefficient of extension line; coefficient of development line 展线系数coefficient of impact 冲击系数cofferdam 围堰cold weather construction; winter season construction 冬季施⼯collapse; toppling 崩塌collision force of ship or raft 船只或排筏的撞击⼒collision prevention around pier; pier protection against collision 墩台防撞column diagram of stratum; graphic logs of strata; drill log of stratum 地层柱状图column pier 柱式桥墩combined bridge; combined highway and railway bridge; combined rail-cum-road bridge 公铁两⽤桥combined frog; assembled frog 组合辙叉combined steel formwork 组合钢模板compensation of curve; curve compensation 曲线折减compensation of gradient in tunnel; compensation grade in tunnel 隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient; gradient compensation; grade compensation 坡度折减completion report of construction work 竣⼯报告composite beam bridge 结合梁桥composite lining 组合衬砌; 复合衬砌composite sleeper 合成轨枕compound curve 复曲线comprehensive approximate estimate 综合概算comprehensive maintenance of bridge and tunnel structure 桥隧综合维修comprehensive transport; multi-mode transport; intermode transport 综合运输compromise joint 异形接头compromise joint bar 异型接头夹板compromise joint 异型接头compromise rail 异形轨compulsory inscribing 强制内接computer aided track maintenance and management system 养路管理电脑系统concrete bridge 混凝⼟桥concrete cracks 混凝⼟裂纹concrete mixer 混凝⼟搅拌机concrete mixing and transporting car; truck mixer; transit mixer 混凝⼟搅拌运输车concrete mixing plant 混凝⼟搅拌楼concrete pump 混凝⼟输送泵concrete pump truck 混凝⼟泵车concrete sleeper; concrete tie 混凝⼟枕; 砼枕concrete tie 混凝⼟枕concrete tie dowel drilling and pulling machine混凝⼟枕螺栓钻取机concrete vibrating stand 混凝⼟振动台connecting bar; following stretcher bar道岔连接杆construction clearance 建筑限界construction detail design; working-drawing design施⼯图设计construction figure progress; figurative progress of construction work 施⼯形象进度construction investigation 施⼯调查construction length of railway 铁路建筑长度construction level; construction water level; working water level 施⼯⽔位construction method system ⼯法制度construction output value 施⼯产值construction preparation 施⼯准备construction profit 施⼯利润construction protection 施⼯防护construction repetition; repetive survey; construction repetition survey 施⼯复测construction scheme 施⼯组织⽅案construction speed; design speed 构造速度construction technology process; construction process 施⼯⼯艺流程construction ventilation of tunnel 隧道施⼯通风constructional loading 施⼯荷载constructional reinforcement 构造钢筋contact stress 接触应⼒continuous beam bridge 连续梁桥continuous speed 持续速度continuously welded rail track; jointless track ⽆缝线路contracting of project ⼯程承包contracting out of project ⼯程发包control section; controlling section 控制区间controlled blasting 控制爆破convention of international railway through traffic国际铁路联运公约corrosion cracking of steel bridge 钢梁腐蚀裂纹corrosion resistant rail 耐腐蚀轨corrugation of rail head; rail corrugation 轨头波纹磨损cover arch of tunnel 隧道套拱covered protection 覆盖防护crab rock loader 蟹⽖式装岩机cracking of concrete and masonry beam圬⼯梁裂损crane on-track ; rail-mounted crane 轨⾏式起重机crawler crane; caterpillar crane 履带式起重机crawler pile frame 履带式桩架creep; crawl 蠕变crib 枕盒crib ballast removers 扒碴机crib consolidating machine 枕间夯实机critical grade 临界坡度critical speed 临界速度critical temperature of track buckling 轨道⿎出临界温度CR-live loading; China railway standard loading中-活载cross barrier at grade crossing 道⼞栏⽊cross leveling; cross-section survey;cross-section leveling 横断⾯测量cross stay derrick girder erecting machine 斜撑桅杆式架梁起重机crossover 渡线cross-section method of railway location; location with cross-section method; cross-section method for location of line 横断⾯选线crusher 碎⽯机crushing of rail head 轨头压溃crustal stress 地应⼒cubic parabola curve 三次抛物线曲线curve adjusting; curve lining 整正曲线curve control point 曲线控制点curve design 曲线设计curve post 曲线标curve radius 曲线半径curve survey 曲线测量curve versine 曲线正⽮curved beam 曲梁curved bridge 曲线桥curved frog 曲线辙叉curved switch 曲线尖轨curves of same sense; adjacent curves in one direction 同向曲线cut the vertical earthwork bottom 掏底开挖;挖神仙⼟cut; road; cutting 路堑cut; road cutting 路堑cut-fill transition ⼟⽯⽅调配cutting edge of open caisson 沉井刃脚cutting slope; side slope of cut 路堑边坡cut-type open cut tunnel; cut-type tunnel without cover; cut-type gallery 路堑式明洞cylindrical shaft retaining wall 管柱挡墙D daily precipitation ⽇降⾬量damage repair for bridge and tunnel ; repair bridge and tunnel fault 桥隧病害整治dead load 恒载debris flow; mud and rock flow 泥⽯流deck bridge 上承式桥deep cutting 深路堑deep hole blasting 深孔爆破deep tunnel; deep-depth tunnel; deep burying tunnel 深埋隧道deflection 挠度deflection angle 转向⾓deformation allowance 预留变形量deformation pressure 形变压⼒delivery-receiving acceptance 施⼯验收delivery-receiving stake 交接桩demountable truss 拆装式桁架depressed joint; battered joint of rail 钢轨低接头depth of girder 梁⾼derailer 脱轨器desert subgrade 沙漠路基design current velocity 设计流速design discharge 设计流量design elevation 设计⾼程; 设计标⾼design for guiding construction organization; guiding design for construction scheme 指导性施⼯组织设计design for practical construction organization; practical design for construction scheme; operative construction organization design 实施性施⼯组织设计design load 设计荷载design of stations and yards 站场设计design phase; design stage 设计阶段design standard 设计标准design water level 设计⽔位designed flood hydrograph 设计洪⽔过程线destressing ; stress liberation 放散温度⼒detail fracture of rail head 轨头微细波纹determination of bearing slab of subgrade 路基承载板测定determination of nuclear density-moisture 核⼦密度湿度测定detouring section; round section 绕⾏地段diagonal member 斜杆diamond crossing 菱形交叉diesel pile driver 柴油打桩机direct expense of project; direct cost of project⼯程直接费directional blasting 定向爆破disaster geology 灾害性地质dispersal of rail gaps; adjusting joint gaps up to standard 整正规缝disrepair off flow regulating and shore protection structure ; river bank protection out of repair河调⼀防护失修distance between centers of lines; distance between centers of tracks; midway between tracks 线间距离; 线间距distance between centers of tracks; midway between tracks 线间距distribution of stations 车站分布district 区段ditcher 开沟机diversion dike 导流堤diving drill 潜孔钻机diving drill machine 灌⽔钻机dominant project 控制⼯程double beam girder-erecting machine双梁式架桥机double cantilever girder-erecting machine 双悬臂式架桥机double slip switches 复式交分道岔double spur grade ⼈字坡double track bridge 双线桥double track interpolation 双线插⼊段double track railway 双线铁路double track tunnel 双线隧道double turnout 双开道岔double wall steel cofferdam bored foundation双壁钢围堰钻孔基础double-deck bridge 双层桥dragline 索铲挖⼟机drain cavern; drain tunnel 泻⽔洞drainage channel 排⽔槽drainage opening 泻⽔孔drill machine with casting 套管钻机drilling and blasting method 钻眼爆破法drilling foundation for checking purpose; foundation examination by drilling 墩台基础钻探driving pump 清⽔泵drop test of rail 钢轨落锤试验drum concrete mixer ⿎筒式混凝⼟搅拌机dry bridge 旱桥dry shotcreting ⼲喷混凝⼟dry shotcreting machine ⼲喷混凝⼟机dry tamped cement mortar ⼲捣⽔泥砂浆dug pile 挖孔桩dumping truck ⾃卸汽车dust prevention; dust control 防尘dynamic inscribing 动⼒内接dynamic penetration test 动⼒触探试验dynamic track irregularity 动态不平顺dynamic track stabilizer 动⼒稳定机Eear wall tunnel portal ⽿墙式洞门earth load ⼟压⼒earthquake intensity 地震烈度earthquake magnitude 地震震级easy gradient for acceleration; accelerating grade加速缓坡economic investigation 经济勘察economic investigation; economic survey 经济调查elastic fastening; elastic rail fastening 弹性扣件elastic rail fastening 弹性扣件elastic rail spike 弹簧道钉elastic resistance 弹性抗⼒elastic rod type fastening 弹条式扣件electric hoist 电动吊车; 电动葫芦electric shock protector 触电保安器electric winch 电动卷扬机electrified railway; electric railway 电⽓化铁路; 电⼒铁路electro-chemical treatment of soil 电化学加固⼟壤elevated railway ⾼架铁路elevated track ⾼架轨道embankment on plain river beach 河滩路堤embankment on river bank 滨河路堤embankment; fill 路堤embankment; fill 路堤emergency rush engineering; emergency repairs临险抢护emergency staircase; fire escape 安全梯end floor beam 端横梁end frog; acute frog 锐⾓辙叉end of turnout 道岔终端end wall tunnel portal 端墙式洞门engine burn; wheel burn 钢轨擦伤engineering geologic location of line⼯程地质选线engineering geologic requirement; engineering geologic condition ⼯程地质条件engineering geological map ⼯程地质图engineering geology ⼯程地质engineering ship; engineering vessel ⼯程船舶engineering transportation ⼯程运输enlarged preliminary design; expanded preliminary design 扩⼤初步设计enlargement 扩⼤equivalent track kilometerage 换算线路长度equivalent uniform live load 换算均布活载erection bar 架⽴钢筋erection by bridge girder erecting equipment架桥机架设法erection by incremental launching 顶推式架设法erection by swing method 旋转法施⼯; 转体施⼯erection with scaffolding 赝架式架设法erosion ; scouring 冲刷evaluation of engineering quality ⼯程质量评定excavated surface; excavated work face 开挖⼯作⾯excavating foundation for checking purpose foundation examination by excavation墩台基础挖验excavating machine; excavator 挖掘机excavation of side wall at intervals 马⼝excavation prospecting 挖探exceptionally long and heavy train 超长超重列车excessive joint gap; wide joint gap ⼤轨缝existing railway 既有铁路expansion joint 伸缩缝expansion joint 伸缩接头expansion rail joint; rail expansion device; switch expansion joint 钢轨伸缩调节器;温度调节器expert system of tunnel 隧道专家系统exploration; prospecting 勘探expropriation 征地extension bearing; movable bearing 活动⽀座extension of line; development of line; line development 展线extrados 拱背钱extruding concrete tunnel lining 挤压混凝⼟衬砌Ffabricated universal steel members 万能杆件falling protector 防坠器fastening force 扣固⼒fastening; rail fastening 扣件fastening-down temperature of rail 锁定轨温feasibility study 可⾏性研究ferry boat 渡轮ferry slip 轮渡引线; 轮渡斜引道ferry station 轮渡站ferry trestle bridge 轮渡栈桥field coat ⼯地漆field control point of aerophotogrammetry 航测外控点filler; spacer block 间隔铁filling behind abutment 台后填⽅filter 过滤层final accounts of completed project 竣⼯决算fire protection distance 防⽕净距fire protection gate 防⽕门fire protection strip 隔⽕带fire-fighting apparatus and materials 消防器材fire-fighting equipment 消防设施firewood raft; mattress; willow fascine 柴排fish bolt 鱼尾螺栓fish plate 鱼尾板fixed bearing 固定⽀座fixed-end arch 固端拱; ⽆铰拱flake crack; shatter crack; small nucleus fissure⽩点flange 翼缘flange plate 翼缘板flange-way; flange clearance 轮缘槽flash butt welding 电阻焊flat gradient for starting 起动缓坡flat joint bar 平型双头夹板flexible pier 柔性桥墩flexible switch 可弯式尖轨转辙器flight strip design; design of flight strip 航带设计floating box; pontoon 浮箱floating caisson foundation 浮式沉井基础floating crane 浮式起重机; 浮吊flood control 防洪flood damage; washout ⽔害flood frequency 洪⽔频率flood inundation on tracks 洪⽔淹没flood mark 洪⽔标记flood survey 洪⽔调查floor 底板floor beam; transverse beam 横梁floor system 桥⾯系flow of rail head; lipping of rail head 轨头肥边flutter 颤振foot bridge; pedestrian bridge ⼈⾏桥foot plank 步⾏板forced concrete mixer 强制式混凝⼟搅拌机fore and aft motion 伸缩运动forest railway 森林铁路forestation against flood 防⽔林form 模板formation level; shoulder level 路肩⾼程fouling point indicator; fouling post 警冲标foundation; foundation soil; subgrade 地基framed shed tunnel; framed shed gallery刚架式棚洞free inscribing ⾃由内接freezing depth 冻结深度friction pile 摩擦桩frog angle 辙叉⾓frog number 辙叉号数frog; crossing 辙叉frog; crossing 辙叉front part theoretical length of turnout 道岔前部理论长度front slope 迎坡; 正⾯坡front wall 前墙frost damage in tunnel 隧道冰害frost heave board; track shim for frost heaving roadbed ; frost shim 冻害垫板frost heaving 冻害frost heaving force 冻胀⼒frozen joint 冻结接头full circle girder erecting crane全回转式架梁起重机full section ballast consolidating machine 全断⾯道床夯实机full-face tunnelling method 全断⾯开挖法fundamental construction clearance; fundamental structure gauge 基本建筑限界Ggabion ⽯笼gage correction ; gaging of track 改道gage elastically widened; elastic squeeze-out弹性挤开gage line 钢轨⼯作边gage line shelly cracks 轨头剥离gage tie bar; gage rod ; gage tie 轨距杆galloping 弛振gap in the frog ; open throat; unguarded flange-way辙叉有害空间gas control ⽡斯治理gas density; gas consistency ⽡斯浓度gas projection ⽡斯突出gauge tie rod 轨距拉杆gauge widening 轨距加宽general scour ⼀般冲刷geologic survey 地质调查geological survey; geologic survey 地质调查geophysical prospecting 物探geotextile ⼟⼯织物geothermal gradient 地温梯度girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete; skeleton reinforced concrete girder 型钢混凝⼟梁; 劲性⾻架混凝⼟梁girder without ballast and sleeper ⽆碴⽆枕梁global positioning system; GPS 全球定位系统glued insulated joint 胶结绝缘接头grade compensation; compensation of gradient; gradient compensation 坡度折减grade crossing pavement ; surface of grade crossing道⼞铺⾯grade crossing watchman; level crossing watchman道⼝看守⼯grade crossing; level crossing 道⼞grade of station site 站坪坡度grade post 坡度标grade section 坡段grade separation ⽴体交叉grade; gradient; slope 坡度grade; gradient; slope 坡度grader 平地机gradient 坡道gravel ballast 卵⽯道碴gravity abutment 重⼒式桥台gravity pier 重⼒式桥墩gravity retaining wall 重⼒式挡⼟墙ground pressure; stratum pressure 地层压⼒grouting machine; grouter 注浆机grouting pressure 灌浆压⼒grouting pump; injection pump 注浆泵guard rail face gage; back gage 护背距离guard rail of bridge 桥梁护轨guard rail; check rail 护轨guard timber of bridge 桥梁护⽊guard wall 护墙gushing water 突⽔gusset plate 节点板gutter; overhead ditch; intercepting ditch 天沟H half set shotcreting 潮喷混凝⼟; 半湿喷混凝⼟half through bridge; midheight deck bridge半穿式桥; 中承式half wet shotcreting machine 半湿喷混凝⼟机hand cart 单轨⼩车hanging stage; hanging scaffold 悬空脚⼿架harmful district 有害地段harmless district ⽆害地段haunch 梁腋head checks ; hair crack of rail head 轨头发裂head contact flat joint bar 轨头地⾯接触夹板; 锲型接头夹板head free flat joint bar 轨腹上圆弧接触夹板; 铰型接头夹板head hardened alloy steel rail ; quenched alloy合⾦淬⽕轨head hardened rail ; quenched rail 淬⽕轨heading 导坑heat-treated rail 热处理钢轨heavy haul railway 重载铁路heavy haul train 重载列车heavy permanent way machine; large permanent way machine ⼤型线路机械; 重型线路机械heavy rail motor car; heavy motor trolley重型轨道车heavy rail 重型钢轨heavy tamping method 重锤夯实法heavy track 重型轨道heel end of frog; frog heel 辙叉跟端heel length of frog 辙叉跟长heel of switch rail 尖轨跟端heel s[read of frog 辙叉跟宽height of lifting; lifting height; ascent of elevation拔起⾼度; 克服⾼度hidden project inspection 隐蔽⼯程检查hidden project; hidden construction work隐蔽⼯程hiding-place for personnel ⼈员掩蔽所high grade project; high quality project优质⼯程; 优良⼯程high speed railway ⾼速铁路high speed train ⾼速列车high strength friction grip bolt 摩擦结合式⾼强度螺栓highest water level; HWL 最⾼⽔位high-fill embankment ⾼路堤high-speed switch ⾼速道岔hilly land location; location of line on hilly land丘陵地段选线historic flood level 历史洪⽔位hollow pier 空⼼桥墩hollow slab bridge 空⼼板桥hopper-shed support tunnelling method漏⽃棚架法horizontal hole drainage 平孔排⽔horizontal point of tunnel portal; geodetic control point of portal location of adit 隧道洞⼝投点horizontal split of rail head 轨头⽔平劈裂hunting; nosing 蛇⾏运动hydraulic drop 跌⽔hydraulic pile driver 液压打桩机hydraulic radius ⽔利半径hydraulic tamping machine 液压捣固机; 液压捣固车hydraulic tensioning jack 液压式张拉千⽄顶hydrogeologic survey ⽔⽂地质调查hydrologic observation of bridge site 桥址⽔⽂观测hydrologic sectional drawing; hydrologic section; hydrologic cross-section ⽔⽂断⾯hydrological survey ⽔⽂测量hydrology of bridge and culvert 桥涵⽔⽂hydrostatic pressure 静⽔压⼒II-beam ⼯形梁ice apron; ice-breaking cutwater; ice guard 破冰体ice drift 流冰ice floe survey; frazil ice survey 冰凌调查ice pressure 冰压⼒immerseable embankment 渗⽔路堤immersed tunnelling method 沉管法immersion type vibrator for concrete 插⼊式混凝⼟振捣器impact force of falling stone 落⽯冲击⼒impact force of train 列车冲击⼒; 冲击荷载impact of rolling 机车车辆冲击impact-type drill machine; percussion type drill machine 冲击式钻机improved foundation; improved ground加固地基in situ test 原位测试in tunnel control survey; through survey 隧道洞内控制测量inadequate super elevation; deficient super elevation⽋超⾼incising of wooden tie ⽊枕刻痕inclined shaft 斜井index of estimate 估算指标index of photography 像⽚索引图indirect expense of project; indirect cost of project⼯程间接费individual approximate estimate 个别概算individual budget 单项预算indoor test; laboratory test 室内测试industry railway ⼯业企业铁路inlet submerged culvert 半压⼒式涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert ⽆压⼒涵洞inscribed to curves 曲线内接inserting plate support; forepoling 插板⽀护inspect by instrument 仪器检查inspection and repair of buildings and structures房建检修inspection of engineering quality ⼯程质量检验inspection well; manhole 检查井installation vehicle for contact wire 接触⽹架线车insulant shoe 绝缘鞋insulated gage rod 绝缘轨距杆insulated joint 绝缘接头insulating course; insulating layer 隔断层integral lining 整体式衬砌integrated cast frog 整铸辙叉intercepting ditch; catch-drain 截⽔沟intermediate acceptance 中间验收intermediate coat 中间漆intermediate repair of track 线路中修intermediate straight line; tangent between curves夹直线international railway through traffic 国际铁路联运intersection point 交点intrados 拱腹线inventory stock 周转轨invert; inverted arch 仰拱inverted siphon 倒虹吸管investigation gallery; survey tunnel 调查坑道investment estimate 投资估算isolation layer 隔离层item project 分项⼯程Jjack 千⽄顶jack-in method 顶进法jacking floor beam 起重横梁joint bar ; splice bar ; fish plate 接头夹板; 鱼尾板joint investment railway; jointly owned railway合资铁路joint resistance 接头阻⼒jointed track 有缝线路jointless line; continuously welded rail track; jointless track ⽆缝线路Kkey project 关键⼯程kilometer post 公⾥标kinds of traction; category of traction 牵引种类Llining of tunnel portal section 洞⼝段衬砌lacing bar 缀条ladder track 梯线laminated rubber bearing 板式橡胶⽀座land slide warning device 塌⽅落⽯报警器landslide preventive treatment 滑坡防治landslip; landslide 滑坡Langer bridge; flexible arch bridge with rigid tie榔格尔式桥; 刚性系杆柔性拱桥large ballast undercutting cleaners; on-track full section undercutting cleaners ⼤型全断⾯清筛机large scale ore car ⼤型矿车large-scale temporary project ⼤型临时⼯程lateral bracing 侧向⽔平联结系lateral impact 横向冲击lateral swaying force of train 列车横向摇摆⼒lateral vibration 横向振动launching method 拖拉架设法leaching well; seepage well 渗井lead curve 导曲线leading line; alignment guiding line 导向线leak tunnel; permeable tunnel; drainage tunnel 渗⽔隧洞leaky pipe 渗管left hand turnout 左开道岔length of grade section 坡段长度length of station line 站线长度length of station site 站坪长度length of switch rail 尖轨长度level crossing 平⾯交叉level stretch between opposite sign gradient分坡平段level stretch of grade crossing 道⼞平台lifesaving appliance 救⽣设施lift bridge 升降桥light hydraulic tamping machine ⼩型液压捣固机light permanent way machine ; small permanent way machine ⼩型线路机械; 轻型线路机械light rail motor car ; light motor trolley 轻型轨道车light railway; light rail 轻轨铁路lighting protection device 防雷装置lime sand pile ⽯灰砂桩limit state design method 极限状态设计法limited speed; speed restriction 限制速度line grade 线路等级line in tunnel 隧道内线路line interruption 线路中断line occupation for works 施⼯封闭线路lining 衬砌lining bar ; claw bar 撬棍lining cracking 衬砌裂损live load of train 列车活载。
铁路工程英语常用词汇
铁路线railway line;railroad line铁路网railway network；railroad network 铁道科学railway science铁路技术railway technology铁路等级railway classification国有铁路national railway; state railway地方铁路local railway；regional railway 私有铁路private railway合资铁路joint investment railway; jointly owned railway标准轨铁路standard-gage railway窄轨铁路narrow-gage railway米轨铁路meter-gage railway宽轨铁路broad—gage railway单线铁路single track railway双线铁路double track railway多线铁路multiple track railway重载铁路heavy haul railway高速铁路high speed railway电气化铁路；电力铁路electrified railway；electric railway干线铁路main line railway；trunk railway 市郊铁路suburban railway地下铁道；地铁subway; metro；underground railway工业企业铁路industry railway矿山铁路mine railway轻轨铁路light railway；light rail高架铁路elevated railway单轨铁路;独轨铁路monorail; monorail railway磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway；maglev森林铁路forest railway山区铁路mountain railway既有铁路existing railway新建铁路newly—built railway改建铁路reconstructed railway运营铁路railway in operation；operation；operating railway专用铁路special purpose railway干线trunk line；main line支线branch line铁路专用线railway special line货运专线railway line for freight traffic；freight special line；freight traffic only line 客运专线railway line for passenger traffic；passenger special line；passenger traffic only line客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic铁路运营长度；运营里程operation length of railway；operating distance; revenue length列车运行图train diagram铁路建筑长度construction length of railway区间section区段district轨距rail gage；rail gauge轮重wheel load轴重axle load最大轴重maximum allowable axle load限制轴重axle load limited限界clearance；gauge限界图clearance diagram铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance；structure clearance for railway; railway structure gauge基本建筑限界fundamental construction clearance；fundamental structure gauge桥梁建筑限界bridge construction clearance；bridge structure gauge隧道建筑界限tunnel construction clearance;tunnel structure gauge铁路机车车辆限界rolling stock clearance for railway；vehicle gauge机车车辆上部限界clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock机车车辆下部限界clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock装载限界loading clearance limit;loading gauge阔大货物限界clearance limit for freight with exceptional dimension；clearance limit for oversize commodities接触网限界clearance limit for overhead contract wire列车与线路相互作用track—train interaction 轮轨关系wheel-rail relation; wheel—rail interaction粘着系数adhesion coefficient车轮滑行wheel sliding；wheel skid车轮空转wheel slipping牵引种类kinds of traction；category of traction牵引方式mode of traction牵引定数tonnage rating; tonnage of traction装载系数loading coefficient速度speed持续速度continuous speed限制速度limited speed；speed restriction 均衡速度balancing speed构造速度construction speed；design speed 最高速度maximum speed临界速度critical speed重载列车heavy haul train高速列车high speed train超长超重列车exceptionally long and heavy train列车正面冲突train collision列车尾追train tail collision列车尾部防护train rear end protection伸缩运动fore and aft motion蛇行运动hunting；nosing列车压缩train running in列车拉伸train running out列车分离train separation列车颠覆train overturning列车动力学train dynamics列车空气动力学train acrodynamics机车车辆振动vibration of rolling stock纵向振动longitudinal vibration横向振动lateral vibration垂向振动vertical vibration摆滚振动rock-roll vibration浮沉振动bouncing；vibration测滚振动rolling ；vibration测摆振动swaying; vibration点头振动pitching；nodding摇头振动yawing；hunting机车车辆共振resonance of rolling stock机车车辆冲击impact of rolling纵向冲击longitudinal impact横向冲击lateral impact垂向冲击vertical impact货运站综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations at freight station行车指挥自动化automation of traffic control编组场综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations in marshalling yard铁路运营信息系统railway operation information system铁路数据交换系统railway data exchange system运营系统模拟simulation of operation system 铁路法railway law铁道法规railway act铁路条例railway code铁路技术管理规程regulations of railway technical operation综合运输comprehensive transport；multi-mode transport；intermode transport 国际铁路联运international railway through traffic大陆桥;洲际铁路transcontinental railway; intercontinental railway；land-railway国际联运协定agreement of international through traffic国际联运议定书protocol of international through traffic国际铁路联运公约convention of international railway through traffic铁路新线建设newly—built railway construction铁路技术改造technical reform of railway；technical renovation of railway；betterment and improvement of railway铁路主要技术条件main technical standard of railway；main techincal requirement of railway单位工程unit project分部工程part project分项工程item project预可行性研究pre—feasibility study项目建议书proposed task of project可行性研究feasibility study设计阶段design phase; design stage三阶段设计three—step design；three-phase design两阶段设计two—step design；two-phase design一阶段设计one—step design; one-phase design初步设计preliminary design技术设计technical design扩大初步设计enlarged preliminary design；expanded preliminary design施工图设计construction detail design；working-drawing design变更设计altered design设计概算approximate estimate of design；budgetary estimate of design个别概算individual approximate estimate 综合概算comprehensive approximate estimate总概算sum of approximate estimate；total estimate; summary estimate修正总概算amended sum of approximate estimate；revised general estimate调整总概算adjusted sum of approximate estimate投资检算checking of investment预算定额rating of budget；rating form for budget概算定额rating of approximate estimate；rating form for estimate投资估算investment estimate估算指标index of estimate机械台班定额rating per machine per team；rating per machine-team工程直接费direct expense of project；direct cost of project工程间接费indirect expense of project；indirect cost of project工程预备费reserve fund of project设计鉴定certification of design; appraisal of design竣工决算final accounts of completed project铁路用地right—of—way铁路勘测railway reconnaissance调查测绘survey and drawing of investigation；investigation survey；investigation surveying and sketching地形调查topographic survey地貌调查topographic feature survey；geomorphologic survey地质调查geologic survey经济调查economic investigation；economic survey水文地质调查hydrogeologic survey土石成分调查survey of soil and rock composition土石物理力学性质physical and mechanical properties of soil and rock土石分类classification of soil and rock地基承载力bearing capacity of foundation；bearing capacity of ground；bearing of subgrade隧道围岩分级classification of tunnel surrounding rock地质图测绘survey and drawing of geological map；surveying and sketching of geological map勘探exploration; prospecting挖探excavation prospecting钻探boring；exploration drilling物探geophysical prospecting室内测试indoor test；laboratory test原位测试in situ test静力触探static sounding；static probing; cone penetration test动力触探试验dynamic penetration test标准贯入试验standard penetration test区域地质regional geology工程地质engineering geology不良地质unfavorable geology特殊地质special geology工程地质条件engineering geologic requirement；engineering geologic condition 气象资料meteorological data冻结深度freezing depth地震基本烈度basic intensity of earthquake; seismic basic intensity工程地质图engineering geological map 地层柱状图column diagram of stratum；graphic logs of strata；drill log of stratum洪水调查flood survey河道调查river course survey冰凌调查ice floe survey；frazil ice survey 汇水区流域特征调查survey of catchment basin characteristics水文断面hydrologic sectional drawing; hydrologic section；hydrologic cross—section主河槽main river channel设计流速design current velocity设计高程；设计标高design elevation河流比降slope of river；comparable horizon of river历史洪水位historic flood level最高水位highest water level；HWL通航水位navigation water level; NWL桥涵水文hydrology of bridge and culvert 水利半径hydraulic radius桥前壅水高度backwater height in front of bridge；top water level in front of bridge桥渡勘测设计survey and design of bridge crossing水面坡度slope of water surface水文测量hydrological survey泥石流流域catchment basin of debris flow 分水岭watershed; dividing ridge汇水面积catchment area；water collecting area; drainage area洪水频率flood frequency设计流量design discharge设计水位design water level施工水位construction level; construction water level；working water level设计洪水过程线designed flood hydrograph 容许冲刷allowable scour一般冲刷general scour局部冲刷local scour；partial scour铁路测量railway survey线路踏勘;草测route reconnaissance初测preliminary survey定测location survey；alignment; final location survey导线测量traversing；traverse survey光电导线photoelectric traverse地形测量topographical survey横断面测量cross leveling；cross—section survey；cross-section leveling线路测量route survey；profile survey；longitudinal survey既有线测量；旧线测量survey of existing railway线路复测repetition survey of existing railway；resurvey of existing railway测量精度survey precision；precision of survey均方差;中误差mean square error最大误差；极限误差maximum error；limiting error 中线测量center line survey中线桩center line stake加桩additional stake；plus stake外移桩shift out stake；stake outward；offset stake水准点高程测量benchmark leveling中桩高程测量；中平center stake leveling 曲线控制点curve control point放线setting-out of route；lay out of route 交点intersection point副交点auxiliary intersection point转向角deflection angle分转向角auxiliary deflection angle坐标方位角plane—coordinate azimuth象限角quadrantal angle经纬距plane rectangular coordinate断链broken chain投影断链projection of broken chain断高broken height铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测railway aerial photogrammetry铁路航空勘测railway aerial surveying航带设计flight strip design；design of flight strip铁路工程地质遥感remote sensing of railway engineering geology测段segment of survey航测选线aerial surveying alignment航测外控点field control point of aerophotogrammetry全球定位系统global positioning system；GPS像片索引图index of photography三角测量trigonometric survey; triangulation精密导线测量precise traverse survey；accurate traverse survey三角高程测量trigonometric leveling隧道洞外控制测量ouside tunnel control survey隧道洞内控制测量in tunnel control survey；through survey隧道洞口投点horizontal point of tunnel portal；geodetic control point of portal location of adit桥轴线测量survey of bridge axis铁路选线railway location; approximate railway location；location of railway route selection平原地区选线location in plain region；plain location越岭选线location of mountain line；location of line in mountain region；location over mountain山区河谷选线mountain and valley region location；location of line of in mountain and valley region丘陵地段选线hilly land location；location of line on hilly land工程地质选线engineering geoligic location of line线间距distance between centers of tracks；midway between tracks车站分布distribution of stations方案比选scheme comparison; route alternative投资回收期repayment period of capital cost纸上定线paper location of line缓坡地段section of easy grade；section of gentle slope紧坡地段section of sufficient grade非紧坡地段section of unsufficient grade; section fo insufficient grade导向线leading line；alignment guiding line 拔起高度；克服高度height of lifting；lifting height；ascent of elevation横断面选线cross-section method of railway location；location with cross—section method；cross—section method for location of line展线extension of line；development of line；line development展线系数coefficient of extension line；coefficient of development line套线overlapping line线路平面图track plan；line plan线路纵断面图track profile；line profile 站坪长度length of station site站坪坡度grade of station site控制区间control section；controlling section最小曲线半径minimum radius of curve圆曲线circular curve单曲线simple curve缓和曲线transition curve；easement curve；spiral transition curve缓和曲线半截变更率rate of easement curvature; rate of transition curve复曲线compound curve同向曲线curves of same sense；adjacent curves in one direction反向曲线reverse curve；curve of opposite sense夹直线intermediate straight line；tangent between curves坡度grade；gradient；slope人字坡double spur grade限制坡度ruling grade; limiting grade加力牵引坡度pusher grade; assisting grade 最大坡度maximum grade临界坡度critical grade长大坡度long steep grade；long heavy grade动力坡度momentum grade均衡坡度balanced grade有害地段harmful district无害地段harmless district变坡点point of gradient change；breake in grade 坡段grade section坡段长度length of grade section坡度差algebraic difference between adjacent gradients竖曲线vertical curve分坡平段level stretch between opposite sign gradient缓和坡度slight grade；flat grade；easy grade起动缓坡flat gradient for starting加速缓坡easy gradient for acceleration；accelerating grade坡度折减compensation of gradient；gradient compensation；grade compensation 曲线折减compensation of curve；curve compesation隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient in tunnel；compensation grade in tunnel绕行地段detouring section; round section 换侧；换边change side of double line容许应力设计法allowable stress design method破损阶段设计法plastic stage design method极限状态设计法limit state design method 概率极限状态设计法;可靠度设计法probabilistic limit state design method地震系数法seismic coefficient method路基subgrade；road bed；formation subgrade岩石路基rock subgrade渗水土路基permeable soil subgrade; pervious embankment非渗水土路基non-permeable soil subgrade; impervious embankment特殊土路基subgrade of special soil软土地区路基subgrade in soft soil zone; subgrade in soft; clay region泥沼地区路基subgrade in bog zone；subgrade in morass region；subgrade in swampland膨胀土地区路基；裂土地区路基subgrade in swelling soil zone；subgrade in expansive soil region盐渍土地区路基subgrade in salty soil zone；subgrade in saline soil region多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soil zone特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special condition河滩路堤embankment on plain river beach 滨河路堤embankment on river bank水库路基subgrade in reservoir；embankment crossing reservoir崩塌地段路基subgrade in rock fall district; subgrade in collapse zone岩堆地段路基subgrade in rock deposit zone；subgrade in talus zone；subgrade in scree zone滑坡地段路基subgrade in slide 岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基subgrade in karst zone洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone; subgrade in cavern zone风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone；subgrade in desert雪害地段路基subgrade in snow damage zone；subgrade in snow disaster zone泥石流地段路基subgrade in debris flow zone路基横断面subgrade cross—section路基面subgrade surface; formation路基面宽度width of the subgrade surface；formation width路拱road crown; subgrade crown路肩Road shoulder；subgrade shoulder路肩高程formation level；shoulder level 路堤embankment；fill路堑cut；road；cutting半堤半堑part—cut and part—fill section；cut and fill section基床subgrade bed; formation基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed；formation top layer; surface layer of subgrade 基床表层bottom layer of subgrade；formation base layer；bottom layer of subgrade bed线路工程railway line engineering铁路勘测；铁道勘测railway reconnaissance铁路选线；铁道选线railway route selection；railway location；approximate railway location;location of railway route selection经济勘察economic investigation地质调查geological survey；geologic survey方案比较project comparison铁路勘探；铁道勘探railway exploration 铁路测量;铁道测量railway survey线路测量route survey；profile survey；longitudinal survey曲线测量curve survey既有线测量survey of existing line；survey of existing railway铁路线路图；铁道线路图railway map定线location of line铁路设计；铁道设计railway design线路设计track design平面设计plane design纵断面设计longitudinal section design横断面设计transverse section design曲线设计curve design车站设计station design站场设计design of stations and yards标准设计standard design线路等级line grade铁路限界；铁道限界railway clearance建筑限界construction clearance设计规范code of design 设计标准design standard铁路线路；铁道线路railway line铁路曲线；铁道曲线railway curve缓和曲线transition curve；easement curve；spiral transition curve小半径曲线small-radius curve曲线半径curve radius曲线超高super elevation on curve；cant；elevation of curve欠超高inadequate super elevation；deficient super elevation未被平衡加速度unbalanced acceleration竖曲线vertical curve坡道gradient坡度grade；gradient；slope限制坡度ruling grade;limiting grade坡度折减grade compensation;compensation of gradient;gradient compensation避难线refuge siding；catch siding双线插入段double track interpolation铁路连接线；铁道连接线railway connecting line隧道内线路line in tunnel桥头引线bridge approach站线siding站线长度length of station line铁路标志；铁道标志railway sign警冲标fouling point indicator;fouling post 线路中心线track center line；central linesof track线间距离；线间距distance between centers of lines;distance between centers of tracks；midway between tracks线路试验;线路实验track test；road test；running test路基subgrade铁路路基；路基;铁道路基railway subgrade；subgrade软土路基soft soil subgrade沙漠路基desert subgrade冻土路基permafrost subgrade膨胀土路基subgrade in swelling soil zone 路基基床subgrade bed路堤embankment；fill高路堤high-fill embankment路堑cut；road cutting深路堑deep cutting路肩road shoulder；subgrade shoulder边坡side slope护坡revetment;slope protection;pitching路基滑动subgrade slip滑坡防治landslide preventive treatment路基排水subgrade drainage塑料排水板plastic drainage board路基加固subgrade strengthening土工织物geotextile挡土墙；挡墙retaining walls锚定板anchor plate锚杆anchor bolt 抗滑桩antiskid pile；anti-slide pile；counter—sliding pile加筋土reinforced earth植被vegetation路基防护subgrade protection防护工程protective engineering防护林protection forest防沙sand proof固沙stabilization of sand输导砂sediment transport路侧建筑物roadside structure排水沟weeper drain;weep drain；drainage ditch；drain ditch挡风墙wind-shield wall；wind-break wall 隔声墙sound-proof wall防雪栅snow fence；snow guard轨道理论track theory轨道设计track design轨道参数track parameter轨距track gauge；rail gage;rail gauge轨距加宽track gauge widening轨底坡cant of rail；rail cant轨道力学track dynamics；track mechanics 轨道强度track strength轨道阻力track resistance道床阻力trackbed resistance；ballast resistance扣固力fastening force钢轨应力rail stress轨道承载力track bearing capacity轨道稳定性track stability；stability of track 轨道试验；轨道实验track test轮轨关系wheel-rail interaction；wheel-rail relation轮轨动力学wheel—rail dynamics轮轨作用力wheel-rail force轮轨接触wheel-rail contact接触应力contact stress轨道结构track structure轨道track铁路轨道；轨道；铁道轨道railway track;track线路上部建筑；轨道track superstructure；track重型轨道heavy track宽轨枕轨道broad sleeper track板式轨道slab track;slab—track整体道床轨道monolithic roadbed track防振轨道anti-vibration track高架轨道elevated track无缝线路jointless line；continuously welded rail track;jointless track桥上轨道结构bridge deck track structure 隧道内轨道结构track structure in tunnel钢轨steel rail重型钢轨heavy rail长钢轨long rail焊接长钢轨long welded rail缩短轨shortened rail；standard shortened rail；fabricated short rail used on curves；standard curtailed rail热处理钢轨heat—treated rail合金钢轨alloy steels rail旧钢轨used rail钢轨钢rail steel钢轨螺栓孔rail bolt hole轨缝rail gap;joint gap钢轨焊缝rail welding seam钢轨接头rail joint异型接头compromise joint伸缩接头expansion joint焊接接头welding joint；welded joint绝缘接头track section insulator；insulated joint胶接接头adhesive joint鱼尾板fish plate鱼尾螺栓fish bolt扣件fastening；rail fastening弹性扣件elastic fastening；elastic rail fastening弹条式扣件elastic rod type fastening分开式扣件separated fastening；separated rail fastening；indirect holding fastening扣板式扣件clip fastening刚性扣件rigid fastening垫圈ring道钉spike;track spike；rail spike；dog spike 螺纹道钉threading spike；screw spike垫板tie—plate;tie plate橡胶垫板rubber tie—plate；rubber tie plate防爬器anticreeper；anti—creeper;rail anchor轨距拉杆gauge tie rod轨下基础underrail foundation；sub—rail foundation；sub—rail track bed轨枕sleeper;tie；cross tie木枕wooden sleeper；wooden tie混凝土枕；砼枕concrete sleeper;concrete tie轨枕板;宽轨枕sleeper slab;broad sleeper钢枕steel sleeper；steel tie合成轨枕composite sleeper纵向轨枕longitudinal tie岔枕points sleeper；switch tie；turnout tie 桥枕bridge tie；bridge sleeper轨排track panel；track skeleton枕下胶垫rubber pad under sleeper道床track bed；ballast bed碎石道床ballast bed整体道床monolithic track bed;solid bed；integrated ballast bed；monolithic concrete bed 沥青道床bituminous raodbed；asphalt roadbed；asphalt cemented ballast bed石棉道床asbestos ballast道碴ballast道床覆盖ballast cover轨道附属设备track auxiliary equipment钢轨涂油器rail lubricator融雪器snow melter复轨器replacer；re—railer；rerailing device 脱轨器derailer车挡bumper；bumper post道岔switch;point；turnout；switches and crossings单开道岔single point;simple turnout；lateral turnout双开道岔double turnout三开道岔three—throw turnout；symmetrical three throw turnout；three-way turnout交分道岔slip switch高速道岔high-speed switch切线型道岔tangent turnout道岔设计turnout design过岔速度switch crossing speed辙叉frog;crossing整铸辙叉integrated cast frog锰钢辙叉manganese steel frog crossing焊接辙叉welding frog crossing组合辙叉combined frog;assembled frog可动心轨辙叉movable point frog;movable—point frog可动翼轨辙叉movable wing rails；movable—wing frog核子密度湿度测定determination of nuclear density—moisture路基承载板测定determination of bearing slab of subgrade预留沉落量reserve settlement；settlement allowance反压护道berm with superloading；berm for back pressure；counter swelling berm石灰砂桩lime sand pile换土change soil；soil replacement爆破排淤blasting discharging sedimentation;silt arresting by explosion；discharge of sedimentation by blasting抛石挤淤throwing stones to packing sedimentation;packing sedimentation by throwing stones; packing up sedimentation by dumping stones路堑石方爆破rock cutting blasting；rock blasting in cut定向爆破directional blasting浅孔爆破shallow hole blasting深孔爆破deep hole blasting洞室药包爆破chamber explosive package blasting；chamber blasting扬弃爆破abandoned blasting；abandonment blasting抛掷爆破pin—point blasting松动爆破blasting for loosening rock药壶爆破pot hole blasting裸露腰包爆破adobe blasting;contact blasting路堑边坡cutting slope；side slope of cut 堑顶top of cutting slope;top of cutting路堑平台platform of cutting；berm in cutting弃土堆waste bank；bankette; spoil bank 挡土墙retaining wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall；gravity retaining wall with relieving platform；balanced type retaining wall锚定板挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods；anchored bulkhead retaining wall; anchored plate retaining wall加筋土挡土墙reinforced earth retaining wall；reinforced soil retaining wall锚杆挡墙anchored bolt retaining wall；anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods管柱挡墙cylindrical shaft retaining wall沉井挡墙caisson retaining wall抗滑桩anti—slide pile；counter—sliding pile护墙guard wall tielu 铁路施工护坡slope protection；revertment；pitching排水沟weep drain；drainage ditch；drain ditch边沟；侧沟side ditch天沟gutter；overhead ditch；intercepting ditch吊沟suspended ditch跌水hydraulic drop截水沟intercepting ditch；catch—drain 急流槽chute排水槽drainage channel渗水暗沟blind drain渗水隧洞leak tunnel；permeable tunnel；drainage tunnel渗井leaching well；seepage well渗管leaky pipe平孔排水horizontal hole drainage反滤层reverse filtration layer；inverted filter；protective filter检查井inspection well；manhole砂井;排水砂井sand drain隔断层insulating course；insulating layer 透水路堤pervious embankment；permeable embankment渗水路堤immerseable embankment排水砂垫层sand filled drainage layer；drainage sand blanker坡面防护slope protection护岸revetment；shore protection导流堤diversion dike拦石墙stone cut off wall；stone falling wall；buttree落石槽stone falling channel；trough for catching falling rocks柴排firewood raft；mattress；willow fascine固沙造林stabilization for sands by afforestation挡风墙wind-break wall防风栅栏wind break fence砂土液化sand liquefaction中-活载CR-live loading；China railway standard loading桥梁标准活载standard live load for bridge 桥梁荷载谱bridge load spectrum换算均布活载equivalent uniform live load 设计荷载design load主力principal load恒载dead load土压力earth load静水压力hydrostatic pressure浮力buoyancy列车活载live load of train列车离心力centrifugal force of train列车冲击力;冲击荷载impact force of train 冲击系数coefficient of impact人行道荷载sidewalk loading附加力subsidiary load；secondary load列车制动力braking force of train列车牵引力tractive force of train风荷载wind load列车横向摇摆力lateral swaying force of train流水压力pressure of water flow冰压力ice pressure冻胀力frost heaving force特殊荷载particular load船只或排筏的撞击力collision force of ship or raft地震力seismic force地震烈度earthquake intensity地震震级earthquake magnitude施工荷载constructional loading荷载组合loading combination铁路桥railway bridge公铁两用桥combined bridge；combined highway and railway bridge；combined rail-cum—road bridge跨线桥；立交桥overpass bridge; grade separation bridge；flyover高架桥viaduct旱桥dry bridge人行桥foot bridge；pedestrian bridge圬工桥masonry bridge钢桥steel bridge铆接钢桥riveted steel bridge栓焊钢桥bolted and welded steel bridge全焊钢桥all welded steel bridge摩擦结合式高强度螺栓high strength friction grip bolt扭剪式高强度螺栓torshear type high strength blot螺栓示功扳手bolt wrench with indicator混凝土桥concrete bridge钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥prestressed concrete bridge 先张法预应力梁pretensioned prestressed concrete girder后张法预应力梁post—tensioned prestressed concrete girder部分预应力混凝土桥partially prestressed concrete bridge 结合梁桥composite beam bridge低高度梁shallow girder无碴无枕梁girder without ballast and sleeper型钢混凝土梁；劲性骨架混凝土梁girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete；skeleton reinforced concrete girder简支梁桥simply supported beam bridge连续梁桥continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge板桥slab bridge空心板桥hollow slab bridge板梁plate girder工形梁I—beam箱形梁box girder槽形梁trough girder桁架truss拆装式桁架demountable truss刚架桥;刚构桥rigid frame bridge斜腿刚架桥;斜腿刚构桥strutted beam bridge；slant—legged rigid frame bridge悬板桥；悬带桥stressed ribbon bridge悬索桥；吊桥suspension bridge斜拉桥cable—stayed bridge浮桥pontoon bridge；floating bridge；bateau bridge拱桥arch bridge固端拱;无铰拱fixed—end arch双铰拱two—hinged arch三铰拱three-hinged arch实腹拱spandrel-filled arch；solid—spandrel arch空腹拱open-spandrel arch双曲拱two—way curved arch；cross—curved arch系杆拱；柔性系杆刚性拱tied arch榔格尔式桥；刚性系杆柔性拱桥Langer bridge；flexible arch bridge with rigid tie洛泽式桥；直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥Lohse bridge；rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders尼尔森桥Nielsen systen bridge尼尔森式骆泽梁桥；斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥Nielsen type Lhse bridge；rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders活动桥movable bridge竖旋桥bascule bridge平旋桥swing bridge升降桥lift bridge正交桥right bridge斜交桥skew bridge曲线桥curved bridge曲梁curved beam特大桥super maior bridge大桥major bridge中桥medium bridge小桥minor bridge单线桥single track bridge双线桥double track bridge多线桥multi—track bridge 正桥；主桥main bridge引桥approach spans上承式桥deck bridge半穿式桥；中承式half through bridge；midheight deck bridge下承式桥through bridge双层桥double—deck bridge永久性桥permanent bridge临时性桥；便桥temporary bridge跨径；跨度span净跨clear spam桥梁全长overall length of bridge桥下净空underneath clearance主梁中心距center to center distance between main girder节间长度panel length梁高depth of girder拱度camber挠度deflection节间panel锚跨；锚孔anchor span悬跨；吊孔suspended span桥梁上部结构superstructure腹板web plate翼缘flange翼缘板flange plate弦杆chord member腹杆web member斜杆diagonal member竖杆vertical member吊杆suspender hanger加劲杆stiffener节点panel point节点板gusset plate拼接板splice plate缀条lacing bar缀板stay plate；tie plate侧向水平联结系lateral bracing横联sway bracing制动撑架braking bracing桥门架portal frame纵梁stringer横梁floor beam; transverse beam桥面系floor system端横梁end floor beam起重横梁jacking floor beam梁端缓冲梁auxiliary girder for controlling angle change应变时效strain ageing碳当量carbon equivalent钢丝steel wire钢丝束bundled steel wires钢绞线steel strand钢筋reinforcement；steel bar箍筋stirrup纵向钢筋longitudinal reinforcement弯起钢筋bent—up bar架立钢筋erection bar构造钢筋constructional reinforcement预应力筋tendon 套管sheath梁腋haunch拱圈arch ring拱肋arch rib拱顶rach crown拱矢rise of arch起拱点springing拱腹soffit拱腹线intrados拱背钱extrados桥塔bridge tower；pylon索平面cable plane缆索cable斜缆stay cable; inclined cable吊缆suspension cable索鞍cable saddle索夹cable band；cable clamp锚座socket锚碇anchorage明桥面open deck; ballastless deck；open floor桥梁道碴槽ballast trough道碴桥面ballasted deck；ballasted floor桥梁护轨guard rall of bridge桥梁护木guard timber of bridge桥枕bridge tie；bridge sleeper桥上人行道sidewalk on bridge步行板foot plank避车台refuge platform伸缩缝expansion joint。
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Training Course铁路工程常用英语词汇English Vocabularies in Common Use for Railway EngineeringPrepared by Dr. Li WUFaculty of Engineering, China University of GeosciencesJuly, 2010铁路工程常用英语词汇Aabandoned blasting; abandonment blasting扬弃爆破abandoned project; abandoned construction work废弃工程abutment 桥台abutment body 台身abutment coping 台帽abutment with cantilevered retaining wall 耳墙式桥台acceptance following construction; follow-up acceptance 随工验收acceptance of engineering quality 工程质量验收accident report 事故报告actual length of turnout 道岔实际长度actual point of frog 辙叉心轨尖端actual point of switch rail 尖轨尖端additional stake; plus stake 加桩adhesion coefficient 粘着系数adhesive joint 胶接接头adjusted sum of approximate estimate 调整总概算adjusting of cross level 整正水平adjusting of rail gaps; evenly distributing joint gaps调整轨缝; 均匀轨缝adobe blasting; contact blasting 裸露腰包爆破advance anchor bolt 超前锚杆advance heading 超前导坑advance support 超前支护aerial ropeway 空中索道aerial surveying alignment 航测选线agreement of international through traffic 国际联运协定air curtain method for sinking caisson 空气幕沉井法air hammer drill; rock drill 凿岩机air pick; pneumatic pick 风镐algebraic difference between adjacent gradients坡度差all welded steel bridge 全焊钢桥allowable scour 容许冲刷allowable stress design method 容许应力设计法alloy steel rail 合金轨alloy steels rail 合金钢轨altered design 变更设计alternate joint; staggered joint; broken joint相错式接头; 相互式接头amended sum of approximate estimate; revised general estimate 修正总概算anchor bolt support 锚杆支护anchor bolt 锚杆anchor plate 锚定板anchor slab abutment 锚定板式桥台anchor span 锚跨; 锚孔anchorage 锚碇anchored bolt retaining wall; anchored retaining wall by tie rods 锚杆挡墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods; anchored bulkhead retaining wall; anchored plate retaining wall 锚定板挡土墙anchor-section lining 下锚段衬砌; 接触网锚段衬砌anti splitting device 木枕防裂装置anti-creep strut 防爬支撑anti-creeper; rail anchor 防爬器anticreeper; anti-creeper; rail anchor 防爬器antiskid pile; anti-slide pile; counter-sliding pile 抗滑桩antiskid shoe 防滑鞋anti-skid-type open cut tunnel; anti-skid-type tunnel without cover; anti-skid-type gallery 抗滑明洞anti-slide pile; counter-sliding pile 抗滑桩anti-vibration track 防振轨道aperture of culvert 涵洞孔径approach spans 引桥approximate estimate of design; budgetary estimate of design 设计概算aproned fish plate; fish plate with apron 带裙鱼尾板arch 拱圈arch bridge 拱桥arch crown 拱顶arch culvert 拱涵arch first lining method; flying arch method先拱后墙法arch open cut tunnel; arch tunnel without cover; arch gallery 拱形明洞arch rib 拱肋arch ring 拱圈asbestos ballast 石棉道床asphalt cemented ballast bed 沥青道床assembly pier; pier constructed with precast units拼装式桥墩assembly type girder-erecting machine 组拼式架桥机asymmetrical rail head profile grinding 轨头非对称断面打磨attached type vibrator for concrete; attached type vibrator 附着式混凝土振捣器auger injected pile 螺旋喷射桩automation of synthetic operations at freight station货运站综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations in marshalling yard 编组场综合作业自动化automation of traffic control 行车指挥自动化automobile crane; autocrane; truck crane汽车式起重机autostress rating 自动力矩检定auxiliary deflection angle 分转向角auxiliary facilities 辅助设施auxiliary girder for controlling angle change梁端缓冲梁auxiliary intersection point 副交点axial flow pump 轴流水泵axle load 轴重axle load limited 限制轴重Bbackhoe 反铲挖土机backwater height in front of bridge; top water level in front of bridge 桥前壅水高度balance weight retaining wall; gravity retaining wall with relieving platform; balanced type retaining wall衡重式挡土墙balanced grade 均衡坡度balancing speed 均衡速度ballast 道碴ballast bed 道床ballast bed 碎石道床ballast box 道碴箱ballast cleaning 清筛道床ballast cleaning machine 道碴清筛机械ballast cleaning machine with removed track panels大揭盖清筛机ballast coefficient; ballast modulus 道床系数ballast consolidating machine 夯实机械ballast cover 道床覆盖ballast distributing and regulating machine配碴整形机ballast grading 道碴级配ballast layer 道碴层; 道碴床ballast machine 道碴机械ballast nest 道碴巢ballast plow 道碴犁ballast pocket 道碴袋ballast ramming ; ballast consolidating 夯实道床ballast recollecting machine 收碴机ballast resistance 道床阻力ballast shouder cleaning machine 边坡清筛机ballast shouder consolidating machine 道床边坡夯实机ballast tamping 捣固道床ballast trimming 整理道床ballast trough 桥梁道碴槽ballast tub 道碴槽ballast 道碴ballasted deck; ballasted floor 道碴桥面ballasted track 有碴轨道ballastless track 无碴轨道bar bender 钢筋弯曲机bar cold-drawing machine 钢筋冷拉机bar cutter 钢筋切断机bar straightener 钢筋调直机bascule bridge 竖旋桥basic intensity of earthquake; seismic basic intensity 地震基本烈度bateau bridge 舟桥batter pile; raking pile; spur pile 斜桩bearing 支座bearing capacity of foundation; bearing capacity of ground; bearing of subgrade 地基承载力bearing pile 支承桩bearing platform 承台beginning of turnout 道岔始端belt conveyer 带式输送机bench tunnel portal 台阶式洞门benching tunnelling method 台阶法benchmark leveling 水准点高程测量bent 排架bent-up bar 弯起钢筋berm with superloading; berm for back pressure; counter swelling berm 反压护道bidding for project 工程投标bituminous raodbed; asphalt roadbed; asphalt cemented ballast bed 沥青道床blasting discharging sedimentation; silt arresting by explosion; discharge of sedimentation by blasting爆破排淤blasting for loosening rock 松动爆破blasting protection facilities 防爆设施blind ditch 盲沟blind drain 渗水暗沟bolt hole chamfering 螺栓孔削角; 螺栓孔倒棱bolt hole cold-working strengthening 螺栓孔加强bolt hole crack 螺孔裂纹bolt wrench with indicator 螺栓示功扳手bolted and welded steel bridge 栓焊钢桥bolted rigid frog; assembled frog 钢轨组合辙叉bolt-screw spike 螺栓螺纹钉bored pile 钻孔桩boring; exploration drilling 钻探bottom layer of subgrade; formation base layer; bottom layer of subgrade bed 基床表层bouncing; vibration 浮沉振动box culvert 箱涵box girder 箱形梁braking bracing 制动撑架braking force of train 列车制动力braking pier 制动墩branch line 支线branch line of turnout ; branch track of turnout turnout branch 道岔侧线branding & stamping of rails 钢轨打标记breaking up ice run; breaking up ice floe prevent collision 防撞破凌breathing zone 伸缩区; 呼吸区bridge and tunnel patrolling 桥隧巡守bridge and tunnel watchman; bridge and tunnel patrolling man 桥隧巡守工bridge approach 桥头引线bridge construction clearance; bridge structure gauge桥梁建筑限界bridge deck track structure 桥上轨道结构bridge erection by floating 浮运架桥法bridge fabrication machine 造桥机bridge foundation 桥梁基础bridge load spectrum 桥梁荷载谱bridge post 桥梁标bridge rating test 桥梁检定试验bridge test car 桥梁试验车bridge tie; bridge sleeper 桥枕bridge tie; bridge sleeper 桥枕bridge tower; pylon 桥塔brittle fractures of rail; sudden rupture of rail钢轨折断broad concrete tie 宽混凝土轨枕; 轨枕板broad sleeper track 宽轨枕轨道broad-gage railway 宽轨铁路broken chain 断链broken height 断高brush cutting machine ; brush cutter 灌木切割机bucker loader 斗车bucket elevator 斗式提升机buffer rail 调节轨buffer zone; transition zone 缓冲区bulldozer 推土机bumper; bumper post 车挡bundled steel wires 钢丝束bunker train 槽式列车buoyancy 浮力buried abutment 埋置式桥台buried depth of tunnel 隧道埋置深度; 埋深burst of rail base; burst of rail bottom ; broken rail base 轨底崩裂Ccable 缆索cable band; cable clamp 索夹cable crane 缆索起重机cable plane 索平面cable saddle 索鞍cable-stayed bridge 斜拉桥caisson retaining wall 沉井挡墙calling for tenders of project; calling for tending of project 工程招标camber 拱度cant of rail; rail cant 轨底坡cantilever beam bridge 悬臂梁桥cantilever erection; erection by protrusion悬臂架设法cantilever shed tunnel; cantilever shed gallery悬臂式棚洞cantilevered assembling construction; free cantilever erection with segments of precast concrete悬臂拼装法carbon equivalent 碳当量cast-in-place cantilever construction; free cantilever segmental concreting with suspended formwork悬臂灌注法cast-in-place concrete pile; cast-in-situ concrete pile就地灌注桩cast-in-place method; cast-in-situ method就地贯注法catchment area; water collecting area; drainage area汇水面积catchment basin of debris flow 泥石流流域cement pump 水泥输送泵center line stake 中线桩center line survey 中线测量center of turnout 道岔中心center stake leveling 中桩高程测量; 中平center to center distance between main girder主梁中心距centrifugal force of train 列车离心力centrifugal pump 离心水泵certification of design; appraisal of design设计鉴定chamber explosive package blasting; chamber blasting 洞室药包爆破change side of double line 换侧; 换边change soil; soil replacement 换土channel erosion 河床冲刷check gage 护轨与心轨的查照间隔checking of clearance; check measurement限界检查checking of investment 投资检算chord member 弦杆chute 急流槽circular curve 圆曲线circular pier 圆形桥墩clamshell bucket 蛤壳式抓斗classification of soil and rock 土石分类classification of track; track standard 轨道类型classification of tunnel surrounding rock 隧道围岩分级classification of waterproof 防水等级claw bolt ; hook bolt ; anchor bolt 钩螺栓clear spam 净跨clearance between wheel flange and gage line轮轨游间clearance car; clearance inspection car 限界检测车clearance diagram 限界图clearance improvement 限界改善clearance limit for freight with exceptional dimension; clearance limit for oversize commodities 阔大货物限界clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock机车车辆下部限界clearance limit for overhead contract wire 接触网限界clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock机车车辆上部限界clearance limit frame 限界架clearance; gauge 限界climbing shuttering 爬升模板clip fastening 扣板式扣件closed joint; tight joint 接头瞎缝closed switch rail; close contact between switch point and stock rail 密贴尖轨closing the loop of lining 拱圈封顶closure 桥梁合龙code of design 设计规范coefficient of extension line; coefficient of development line 展线系数coefficient of impact 冲击系数cofferdam 围堰cold weather construction; winter season construction 冬季施工collapse; toppling 崩塌collision force of ship or raft 船只或排筏的撞击力collision prevention around pier; pier protection against collision 墩台防撞column diagram of stratum; graphic logs of strata; drill log of stratum 地层柱状图column pier 柱式桥墩combined bridge; combined highway and railway bridge; combined rail-cum-road bridge 公铁两用桥combined frog; assembled frog 组合辙叉combined steel formwork 组合钢模板compensation of curve; curve compensation曲线折减compensation of gradient in tunnel; compensation grade in tunnel 隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient; gradient compensation; grade compensation 坡度折减completion report of construction work 竣工报告composite beam bridge 结合梁桥composite lining 组合衬砌; 复合衬砌composite sleeper 合成轨枕compound curve 复曲线comprehensive approximate estimate 综合概算comprehensive maintenance of bridge and tunnel structure 桥隧综合维修comprehensive transport; multi-mode transport; intermode transport 综合运输compromise joint 异形接头compromise joint bar 异型接头夹板compromise joint 异型接头compromise rail 异形轨compulsory inscribing 强制内接computer aided track maintenance and management system 养路管理电脑系统concrete bridge 混凝土桥concrete cracks 混凝土裂纹concrete lifting bucket 混凝土吊斗concrete mixer 混凝土搅拌机concrete mixing and transporting car; truck mixer; transit mixer 混凝土搅拌运输车concrete mixing plant 混凝土搅拌楼concrete pump 混凝土输送泵concrete pump truck 混凝土泵车concrete sleeper; concrete tie 混凝土枕; 砼枕concrete tie 混凝土枕concrete tie dowel drilling and pulling machine混凝土枕螺栓钻取机concrete vibrating stand 混凝土振动台connecting bar; following stretcher bar道岔连接杆construction clearance 建筑限界construction detail design; working-drawing design施工图设计construction figure progress; figurative progress of construction work 施工形象进度construction investigation 施工调查construction length of railway 铁路建筑长度construction level; construction water level; working water level 施工水位construction method system 工法制度construction output value 施工产值construction preparation 施工准备construction profit 施工利润construction protection 施工防护construction repetition; repetive survey; construction repetition survey 施工复测construction scheme 施工组织方案construction speed; design speed 构造速度construction technology process; construction process 施工工艺流程construction ventilation of tunnel 隧道施工通风constructional loading 施工荷载constructional reinforcement 构造钢筋contact stress 接触应力continuous beam bridge 连续梁桥continuous speed 持续速度continuously welded rail track; jointless track 无缝线路contracting of project 工程承包contracting out of project 工程发包control section; controlling section 控制区间controlled blasting 控制爆破convention of international railway through traffic国际铁路联运公约corrosion cracking of steel bridge 钢梁腐蚀裂纹corrosion resistant rail 耐腐蚀轨corrugation of rail head; rail corrugation 轨头波纹磨损cover arch of tunnel 隧道套拱covered protection 覆盖防护crab rock loader 蟹爪式装岩机cracking of concrete and masonry beam圬工梁裂损crane on-track ; rail-mounted crane 轨行式起重机crawler crane; caterpillar crane 履带式起重机crawler pile frame 履带式桩架creep; crawl 蠕变crib 枕盒crib ballast removers 扒碴机crib consolidating machine 枕间夯实机critical grade 临界坡度critical speed 临界速度critical temperature of track buckling 轨道鼓出临界温度CR-live loading; China railway standard loading中-活载cross barrier at grade crossing 道囗栏木cross leveling; cross-section survey;cross-section leveling 横断面测量cross stay derrick girder erecting machine 斜撑桅杆式架梁起重机crossing 交叉crossover 渡线cross-section method of railway location; location with cross-section method; cross-section method for location of line 横断面选线crusher 碎石机crushing of rail head 轨头压溃crustal stress 地应力cubic parabola curve 三次抛物线曲线curve adjusting; curve lining 整正曲线curve control point 曲线控制点curve design 曲线设计curve post 曲线标curve radius 曲线半径curve survey 曲线测量curve versine 曲线正矢curved beam 曲梁curved bridge 曲线桥curved frog 曲线辙叉curved switch 曲线尖轨curves of same sense; adjacent curves in one direction 同向曲线cut the vertical earthwork bottom 掏底开挖;挖神仙土cut; road; cutting 路堑cut; road cutting 路堑cut-fill transition 土石方调配cutting edge of open caisson 沉井刃脚cutting slope; side slope of cut 路堑边坡cut-type open cut tunnel; cut-type tunnel without cover; cut-type gallery 路堑式明洞cylindrical shaft retaining wall 管柱挡墙D daily precipitation 日降雨量damage repair for bridge and tunnel ; repair bridge and tunnel fault 桥隧病害整治dead load 恒载debris flow; mud and rock flow 泥石流deck bridge 上承式桥deep cutting 深路堑deep hole blasting 深孔爆破deep tunnel; deep-depth tunnel; deep burying tunnel 深埋隧道deep well pump 深井水泵defect project; drawback project 缺陷工程deficient superelevation 欠超高deflection 挠度deflection angle 转向角deformation allowance 预留变形量deformation pressure 形变压力delivery-receiving acceptance 施工验收delivery-receiving stake 交接桩demountable truss 拆装式桁架depressed joint; battered joint of rail 钢轨低接头depth of girder 梁高derailer 脱轨器desert subgrade 沙漠路基design current velocity 设计流速design discharge 设计流量design elevation 设计高程; 设计标高design for guiding construction organization; guiding design for construction scheme 指导性施工组织设计design for practical construction organization; practical design for construction scheme; operative construction organization design 实施性施工组织设计design load 设计荷载design of stations and yards 站场设计design phase; design stage 设计阶段design standard 设计标准design water level 设计水位designed flood hydrograph 设计洪水过程线destressing ; stress liberation 放散温度力detail fracture of rail head 轨头微细波纹determination of bearing slab of subgrade 路基承载板测定determination of nuclear density-moisture 核子密度湿度测定detouring section; round section 绕行地段diagonal member 斜杆diamond crossing 菱形交叉diesel pile driver 柴油打桩机direct expense of project; direct cost of project工程直接费directional blasting 定向爆破disaster geology 灾害性地质dispersal of rail gaps; adjusting joint gaps up to standard 整正规缝disrepair off flow regulating and shore protection structure ; river bank protection out of repair河调一防护失修distance between centers of lines; distance between centers of tracks; midway between tracks 线间距离; 线间距distance between centers of tracks; midway between tracks 线间距distribution of stations 车站分布district 区段ditcher 开沟机diversion dike 导流堤diving drill 潜孔钻机diving drill machine 灌水钻机dominant project 控制工程double beam girder-erecting machine双梁式架桥机double cantilever girder-erecting machine 双悬臂式架桥机double slip switches 复式交分道岔double spur grade 人字坡double track bridge 双线桥double track interpolation 双线插入段double track railway 双线铁路double track tunnel 双线隧道double turnout 双开道岔double wall steel cofferdam bored foundation双壁钢围堰钻孔基础double-deck bridge 双层桥dragline 索铲挖土机drain cavern; drain tunnel 泻水洞drainage channel 排水槽drainage opening 泻水孔drill machine with casting 套管钻机drilling and blasting method 钻眼爆破法drilling foundation for checking purpose; foundation examination by drilling 墩台基础钻探driving pump 清水泵drop test of rail 钢轨落锤试验drum concrete mixer 鼓筒式混凝土搅拌机dry bridge 旱桥dry shotcreting 干喷混凝土dry shotcreting machine 干喷混凝土机dry tamped cement mortar 干捣水泥砂浆dug pile 挖孔桩dumping truck 自卸汽车dust prevention; dust control 防尘dynamic inscribing 动力内接dynamic penetration test 动力触探试验dynamic track irregularity 动态不平顺dynamic track stabilizer 动力稳定机Eear wall tunnel portal 耳墙式洞门earth load 土压力earthquake intensity 地震烈度earthquake magnitude 地震震级easy gradient for acceleration; accelerating grade加速缓坡economic investigation 经济勘察economic investigation; economic survey 经济调查elastic fastening; elastic rail fastening 弹性扣件elastic rail fastening 弹性扣件elastic rail spike 弹簧道钉elastic resistance 弹性抗力elastic rod type fastening 弹条式扣件electric hoist 电动吊车; 电动葫芦electric shock protector 触电保安器electric winch 电动卷扬机electrified railway; electric railway 电气化铁路; 电力铁路electro-chemical treatment of soil 电化学加固土壤elevated railway 高架铁路elevated track 高架轨道embankment on plain river beach 河滩路堤embankment on river bank 滨河路堤embankment; fill 路堤embankment; fill 路堤emergency rush engineering; emergency repairs临险抢护emergency staircase; fire escape 安全梯end floor beam 端横梁end frog; acute frog 锐角辙叉end of turnout 道岔终端end wall tunnel portal 端墙式洞门engine burn; wheel burn 钢轨擦伤engineering geologic location of line工程地质选线engineering geologic requirement; engineering geologic condition 工程地质条件engineering geological map 工程地质图engineering geology 工程地质engineering ship; engineering vessel 工程船舶engineering transportation 工程运输enlarged preliminary design; expanded preliminary design 扩大初步设计enlargement 扩大equivalent track kilometerage 换算线路长度equivalent uniform live load 换算均布活载erection bar 架立钢筋erection by bridge girder erecting equipment架桥机架设法erection by incremental launching 顶推式架设法erection by swing method 旋转法施工; 转体施工erection with scaffolding 赝架式架设法erosion ; scouring 冲刷evaluation of engineering quality 工程质量评定excavated surface; excavated work face 开挖工作面excavating foundation for checking purpose foundation examination by excavation墩台基础挖验excavating machine; excavator 挖掘机excavation of side wall at intervals 马口excavation prospecting 挖探exceptionally long and heavy train 超长超重列车excessive joint gap; wide joint gap 大轨缝existing railway 既有铁路expansion joint 伸缩缝expansion joint 伸缩接头expansion rail joint; rail expansion device; switch expansion joint 钢轨伸缩调节器;温度调节器expert system of tunnel 隧道专家系统exploration; prospecting 勘探expropriation 征地extension bearing; movable bearing 活动支座extension of line; development of line; line development 展线extrados 拱背钱extruding concrete tunnel lining 挤压混凝土衬砌Ffabricated universal steel members 万能杆件falling protector 防坠器fastening force 扣固力fastening; rail fastening 扣件fastening-down temperature of rail 锁定轨温feasibility study 可行性研究ferry boat 渡轮ferry slip 轮渡引线; 轮渡斜引道ferry station 轮渡站ferry trestle bridge 轮渡栈桥field coat 工地漆field control point of aerophotogrammetry 航测外控点filler; spacer block 间隔铁filling behind abutment 台后填方filter 过滤层final accounts of completed project 竣工决算fire protection distance 防火净距fire protection gate 防火门fire protection strip 隔火带fire-fighting apparatus and materials 消防器材fire-fighting equipment 消防设施firewood raft; mattress; willow fascine 柴排fish bolt 鱼尾螺栓fish plate 鱼尾板fixed bearing 固定支座fixed-end arch 固端拱; 无铰拱flake crack; shatter crack; small nucleus fissure白点flange 翼缘flange plate 翼缘板flange-way; flange clearance 轮缘槽flash butt welding 电阻焊flat gradient for starting 起动缓坡flat joint bar 平型双头夹板flexible pier 柔性桥墩flexible switch 可弯式尖轨转辙器flight strip design; design of flight strip 航带设计floating box; pontoon 浮箱floating caisson foundation 浮式沉井基础floating crane 浮式起重机; 浮吊flood control 防洪flood damage; washout 水害flood frequency 洪水频率flood inundation on tracks 洪水淹没flood mark 洪水标记flood survey 洪水调查floor 底板floor beam; transverse beam 横梁floor system 桥面系flow of rail head; lipping of rail head 轨头肥边flutter 颤振foot bridge; pedestrian bridge 人行桥foot plank 步行板forced concrete mixer 强制式混凝土搅拌机fore and aft motion 伸缩运动forest railway 森林铁路forestation against flood 防水林form 模板formation level; shoulder level 路肩高程fouling point indicator; fouling post 警冲标foundation; foundation soil; subgrade 地基framed shed tunnel; framed shed gallery刚架式棚洞free inscribing 自由内接freezing depth 冻结深度friction pile 摩擦桩frog angle 辙叉角frog number 辙叉号数frog; crossing 辙叉frog; crossing 辙叉front part theoretical length of turnout 道岔前部理论长度front slope 迎坡; 正面坡front wall 前墙frost damage in tunnel 隧道冰害frost heave board; track shim for frost heaving roadbed ; frost shim 冻害垫板frost heaving 冻害frost heaving force 冻胀力frozen joint 冻结接头full circle girder erecting crane全回转式架梁起重机full section ballast consolidating machine 全断面道床夯实机full-face tunnelling method 全断面开挖法fundamental construction clearance; fundamental structure gauge 基本建筑限界Ggabion 石笼gage correction ; gaging of track 改道gage elastically widened; elastic squeeze-out弹性挤开gage line 钢轨工作边gage line shelly cracks 轨头剥离gage tie bar; gage rod ; gage tie 轨距杆galloping 弛振gap in the frog ; open throat; unguarded flange-way辙叉有害空间gas control 瓦斯治理gas density; gas consistency 瓦斯浓度gas projection 瓦斯突出gauge tie rod 轨距拉杆gauge widening 轨距加宽general scour 一般冲刷geologic survey 地质调查geological survey; geologic survey 地质调查geophysical prospecting 物探geotextile 土工织物geothermal gradient 地温梯度girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete; skeleton reinforced concrete girder 型钢混凝土梁; 劲性骨架混凝土梁girder without ballast and sleeper 无碴无枕梁global positioning system; GPS 全球定位系统glued insulated joint 胶结绝缘接头grade compensation; compensation of gradient; gradient compensation 坡度折减grade crossing pavement ; surface of grade crossing道囗铺面grade crossing watchman; level crossing watchman道口看守工grade crossing; level crossing 道囗grade of station site 站坪坡度grade post 坡度标grade section 坡段grade separation 立体交叉grade; gradient; slope 坡度grade; gradient; slope 坡度grader 平地机gradient 坡道gravel ballast 卵石道碴gravity abutment 重力式桥台gravity pier 重力式桥墩gravity retaining wall 重力式挡土墙ground pressure; stratum pressure 地层压力grouting machine; grouter 注浆机grouting pressure 灌浆压力grouting pump; injection pump 注浆泵guard rail face gage; back gage 护背距离guard rail of bridge 桥梁护轨guard rail; check rail 护轨guard timber of bridge 桥梁护木guard wall 护墙gushing water 突水gusset plate 节点板gutter; overhead ditch; intercepting ditch 天沟H half set shotcreting 潮喷混凝土; 半湿喷混凝土half through bridge; midheight deck bridge半穿式桥; 中承式half wet shotcreting machine 半湿喷混凝土机hand cart 单轨小车hanging stage; hanging scaffold 悬空脚手架harmful district 有害地段harmless district 无害地段haunch 梁腋head checks ; hair crack of rail head 轨头发裂head contact flat joint bar 轨头地面接触夹板; 锲型接头夹板head free flat joint bar 轨腹上圆弧接触夹板; 铰型接头夹板head hardened alloy steel rail ; quenched alloy合金淬火轨head hardened rail ; quenched rail 淬火轨heading 导坑heat-treated rail 热处理钢轨heavy haul railway 重载铁路heavy haul train 重载列车heavy permanent way machine; large permanent way machine 大型线路机械; 重型线路机械heavy rail motor car; heavy motor trolley重型轨道车heavy rail 重型钢轨heavy tamping method 重锤夯实法heavy track 重型轨道heel end of frog; frog heel 辙叉跟端heel length of frog 辙叉跟长heel of switch rail 尖轨跟端heel s[read of frog 辙叉跟宽height of lifting; lifting height; ascent of elevation拔起高度; 克服高度hidden project inspection 隐蔽工程检查hidden project; hidden construction work隐蔽工程hiding-place for personnel 人员掩蔽所high grade project; high quality project优质工程; 优良工程high speed railway 高速铁路high speed train 高速列车high strength friction grip bolt 摩擦结合式高强度螺栓highest water level; HWL 最高水位high-fill embankment 高路堤high-speed switch 高速道岔hilly land location; location of line on hilly land丘陵地段选线historic flood level 历史洪水位hollow pier 空心桥墩hollow slab bridge 空心板桥hopper-shed support tunnelling method漏斗棚架法horizontal hole drainage 平孔排水horizontal point of tunnel portal; geodetic control point of portal location of adit 隧道洞口投点horizontal split of rail head 轨头水平劈裂hunting; nosing 蛇行运动hydraulic drop 跌水hydraulic pile driver 液压打桩机hydraulic radius 水利半径hydraulic tamping machine 液压捣固机; 液压捣固车hydraulic tensioning jack 液压式张拉千斤顶hydrogeologic survey 水文地质调查hydrologic observation of bridge site 桥址水文观测hydrologic sectional drawing; hydrologic section; hydrologic cross-section 水文断面hydrological survey 水文测量hydrology of bridge and culvert 桥涵水文hydrostatic pressure 静水压力II-beam 工形梁ice apron; ice-breaking cutwater; ice guard 破冰体ice drift 流冰ice floe survey; frazil ice survey 冰凌调查ice pressure 冰压力immerseable embankment 渗水路堤immersed tunnelling method 沉管法immersion type vibrator for concrete 插入式混凝土振捣器impact force of falling stone 落石冲击力impact force of train 列车冲击力; 冲击荷载impact of rolling 机车车辆冲击impact-type drill machine; percussion type drill machine 冲击式钻机improved foundation; improved ground加固地基in situ test 原位测试in tunnel control survey; through survey 隧道洞内控制测量inadequate super elevation; deficient super elevation欠超高incising of wooden tie 木枕刻痕inclined shaft 斜井index of estimate 估算指标index of photography 像片索引图indirect expense of project; indirect cost of project工程间接费individual approximate estimate 个别概算individual budget 单项预算indoor test; laboratory test 室内测试industry railway 工业企业铁路inlet submerged culvert 半压力式涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert 无压力涵洞inscribed to curves 曲线内接inserting plate support; forepoling 插板支护inspect by instrument 仪器检查inspection and repair of buildings and structures房建检修inspection of engineering quality 工程质量检验inspection well; manhole 检查井installation vehicle for contact wire 接触网架线车insulant shoe 绝缘鞋insulated gage rod 绝缘轨距杆insulated joint 绝缘接头insulating course; insulating layer 隔断层integral lining 整体式衬砌integrated cast frog 整铸辙叉intercepting ditch; catch-drain 截水沟intermediate acceptance 中间验收intermediate coat 中间漆intermediate repair of track 线路中修intermediate straight line; tangent between curves夹直线international railway through traffic 国际铁路联运intersection point 交点intrados 拱腹线inventory stock 周转轨invert; inverted arch 仰拱inverted siphon 倒虹吸管investigation gallery; survey tunnel 调查坑道investment estimate 投资估算isolation layer 隔离层item project 分项工程Jjack 千斤顶jack-in method 顶进法jacking floor beam 起重横梁joint bar ; splice bar ; fish plate 接头夹板; 鱼尾板joint investment railway; jointly owned railway合资铁路joint resistance 接头阻力jointed track 有缝线路jointless line; continuously welded rail track; jointless track 无缝线路Kkey project 关键工程kilometer post 公里标kinds of traction; category of traction 牵引种类L。