2020高中英语语法分类复习-情态动词

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高中英语语法系列情态动词

高中英语语法系列情态动词

高中英语语法系列情态动词定义:情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。

特点:有一定词义;不受主语人称和数的变化影响;与主要动词的原形一起构成谓语。

情态动词:can/could ; may/might; must ;need ;will/would ; shall /should ; dare / dared ;used to ; ought to etc情态动词的基本用法1. can/coulda. 表能力,could 主要指过去时间1) Two eyes can see more than one .2) The girl could read before she went to school .* be able to do 意思同can/could ,但有较多时态表达形式;在表达过去某个事件有能力干什么时,could 表虽有能力,但不一定做了;was able to 指“不但有能力,而且实际做了”。

3) He _______ escape from the fire , but he went to save the girl .( could /was able to )4) Though the fire spread quickly , everyone ________ escape . ( could /was able to )b. 表可能5) The man there can’t be Mr. Zhang . He has gone to Nanjing .6) Look ! Someone is coming ! Who can it be ?7) * The temperature can fall to – 60 °C8) * He can make mistakes sometimes though he is clever .c. 表允许9) ---Can / Could I use your pen ?--- Yes , you can ./ Sure , go ahead . ( Yes , you could 错误 )d . 表惊异,怀疑,不相信等态度(用于否定句,疑问句或感叹句中)10) Can this be an excuse for being late ?11) No , no , this can’t be true .12) How can you be so careless!2. may / mighta. 表允许13) --- May / Might I ask you for a photo of your baby ?--- Yes , please . / Certainly ./ Please don’t ./ You’d better not ./ No , you mustn’t.b. 表可能,might 语气更加不肯定14) She may be at home .15) She might come to the party , but I am not sure .c .祝愿16) May you succeed !3 . musta . 表义务,意为“必须”,主观意志;而have to 为“不得不”,客观要求。

高中英语语法讲义-情态动词

高中英语语法讲义-情态动词
② 后接动词进行式,表示动作正在进行或将要发生:
He may [might] be writing a letter. 他可能在写信。
They may [might] be going abroad next month. 他们可能在下个月出国。
③ 后接动词完成式,表示对过去可能发生的事进行推测:
另外,could还可与表示感知的动词(如see, hear, smell, taste, feel, understand等)连用表示的特定能力:
Looking down from the plane, we could see lights on the runway. 从飞机上向下看,我们可以看见机场跑道上的点点灯火。
2) 表示委婉的批评或责备:
You might have made greater progress. 你的进步本来可更大一些的。
You might at least have answered my letter. 你至少可以回我一封信嘛。
③ 表示“差点儿就要”:
I could have died laughing. 我差点儿笑死了。
二、may与might的用法
1. 表示允许
注意以下两种情况:
(1) 表示请求允许(即请求别人允许自己做某事),两者都可用,只是 might 表示的语气较委婉(但并不表示过去):
May [Might] I sit here? 我可以坐在这里吗?
1) 表示过去某事可能发生而实际上却并没发生:
A lot of men died who might have been saved.很多人本来可以获救的却死了。
It was really very dangerous. I might have killed myself. 那真的是太危险了,我差点没命了。

情态动词分类

情态动词分类

情态动词分类情态动词是英语中一类特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话者的态度、推测、建议、命令等。

在英语语法中,情态动词属于情态助动词的一种,具有一些特殊的用法和语法规则。

本文将分类介绍情态动词的用法和特点。

一、情态动词的基本特征情态动词有一些共同的特征,包括:1. 情态动词没有人称和数的变化,与主语保持一致;2. 情态动词后面跟动词原形,不加其他形式的动词;3. 情态动词后面不加“to”,用于表示动作或状态的情态动词与动词原形连用;4. 情态动词不能单独充当谓语,必须与其他动词连用形成谓语。

二、情态动词的分类及用法根据其不同的用法,情态动词可以分为以下几类:1. 表示能力和可能性的情态动词- Can:表示能力,意为“能够”;- Could:表示过去的能力或请求的委婉方式;- May:表示可能性,以及征求许可的委婉方式;- Might:表示较小的可能性或提出建议;- Shall:表示应该,常用于疑问句;- Should:表示应该,用于陈述句、建议或推荐;- Will:表示意愿,以及将来的行动或事件;- Would:表示过去的习惯或委婉的请求。

2. 表示允许和禁止的情态动词- Must:表示必须,用于肯定句和疑问句;- Have to:表示必须,用于陈述句和疑问句;- Need to:表示需要。

3. 表示推测和假设的情态动词- Must:表示强烈的推测;- May/might:表示可能性;- Can't/couldn't:表示否定的推测;- Should:表示推测或建议。

4. 表示意愿和目的的情态动词- Would:表示意愿、建议或委婉的请求;- Shall/will:表示意愿、请求或承诺;- Should:表示意愿、目的或建议。

5. 表示要求和命令的情态动词- Shall:表示命令或要求;- Should:表示命令或建议;- Must:表示强制性的要求。

6. 表示习惯和义务的情态动词- Must:表示必须遵守的规定或义务;- Should:表示习惯或预期的行为。

高中英语语法讲解与练习之情态动词

高中英语语法讲解与练习之情态动词

高中英语语法之情态动词(一)情态动词的定义:情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。

(二)情态动词的特点:1)有一定词义;2)不受主语人称和数的变化影响;3)与主要动词的原形(或称不带to的不定式)一起构成谓语(除ought to作固定词组看待)。

情态动词无人称和数的变化, 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加”not"。

个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式,过去式用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气,时态性不强, 可用于过去,现在或将来。

情态动词属非及物动词,故没有被动语态。

He could be here soon。

他很快就来。

We can’t carry the heavy box。

我们搬不动那箱子。

除此之外,情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征:1)除ought和used以外,其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式.We used to grow beautiful roses. I asked if he would come and repair my television set.2)情态助动词在限定动词词组总是位居第一: They need not have been punished so severely。

3)情态助动词用于第三人称单数现在时的时候,没有词形变化,即其词尾无—s形式:She dare not say what she thinks。

4)情态动词没有非限定形式,即没有不定式和分词形式,也没有相应的动名词:Still, she needn't have run away。

5)情态助动词的“时”的形式并不是时间区别的主要标志。

在不少场合,情态助动词的现在时和过去时形式都可以表示现在、过去或将来时间:Would you mind very much if I ask you to do something? She told him he ought not to have done it。

高中英语语法讲解: 情态动词

高中英语语法讲解: 情态动词

高中英语语法讲解:情态动词概述1.共有10个情态动词:can/could, may/might, will/would, shall, should, ought to, must;2个半情态动词need, dare2.特点:(1)情态动词后加动词原形(即不带to的不定式)一起构成谓语;(2)没有人称和数的变化;(3)多数情态动词有过去式,但其过去式有时并不表示时态,而只起“委婉或不确定语气”的作用。

Would you do me a favour? She may/might be watering the flowers now.3.情态动词在句子中可发挥不同作用,如表能力,表责任与义务,表推测,表征求允许,表请求,表建议,表语气态度等等He can/could run 100 meters in 11 seconds.You should/ought to/must work hard to win a gold medal.Can/Could/May/Might I watch the Olympics tonight?Will/Can/Could/Would you help me with my training?He might/may/could/should/ought to/will/must watch the football match tonight.I suggest that you should watch the opening ceremony.Can this be true?4.情态动词+do 表对一般现在或将来情况的推测情态动词+ be doing 表对正在发生的事情的推测情态动词+have done 表对过去已经发生的事情的推测一、can/could 的用法1.表能力(1) can do现在一般的能力(2) could do过去一般的能力(3) could have done过去有能力做但没做具体某事(4)was/were able to do = managed to do/ succeeded in doing 过去有能力做且做了具体某事。

情态动词高中知识点高三

情态动词高中知识点高三

情态动词高中知识点高三情态动词是一类具有特殊意义和用法的动词,它们在句子中一般与实义动词连用,表示说话人的推测、命令、请求、建议等情态。

在高中英语学习中,掌握情态动词的正确用法至关重要。

本文将介绍情态动词的相关知识点,帮助高三学生更好地运用这一语法现象。

一、情态动词的定义情态动词,又称情态助动词,是用来表示说话人对某种动作或状态的态度、推测、可能性、能力、意愿、义务等情态的一类特殊动词。

常见的情态动词包括can、could、may、might、must、shall、should、will、would等。

二、情态动词的用法1. 表示能力情态动词can表示某人具有能力或可能做某事,could用于过去说法。

例如:- She can speak three languages fluently.(她能说流利的三种语言)- He could lift the heavy boxes when he was younger.(他年轻时能搬起这些沉重的箱子)2. 表示推测和可能性情态动词may、might、could用于表示推测和可能性。

may用于表示较为肯定的推测,might和could表示推测的可能性较小。

例如:- The weather is cloudy, it may rain later.(天气多云,可能会下雨)- He might be late for the meeting.(他可能会迟到会议)3. 表示义务和建议情态动词must表示说话人对某种行为具有强烈的责任感或坚决要求,should表示建议。

例如:- We must obey the laws of the country.(我们必须遵守国家的法律)- You should apologize to your friend for your mistake.(你应该为你的错误向朋友道歉)4. 表示许可和请求情态动词can、may、could用于表示允许和请求。

高中英语语法总结大全之情态动词

高中英语语法总结大全之情态动词

高中英语语法总结大全之情态动词情态动词的语法特征1)情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。

2)情态动词除ought 和have 外,后面只能接不带to 的不定式。

3)情态动词没有人称,数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。

4)情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式,分词,等形式。

比较can 和be able to1)cancould 表示能力;可能 (过去时用could),只用于现在式和过去式(could)。

be able to可以用于各种时态。

They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。

2)只用be able toa. 位于助动词后。

b. 情态动词后。

c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。

d. 用于句首表示条件。

e. 表示成功地做了某事时,只能用was/were able to,不能用could。

He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.= He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.注意:could不表示时态1)提出委婉的请求,(注意在回答中不可用could)。

--- Could I have the television on?--- Yes, you can. / No, you can't.2)在否定,疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。

He couldn't be a bad man.他不大可能是坏人。

比较may和might1)表示允许或请求;表示没有把握的推测;may 放在句首,表示祝愿。

May God bless you!He might be at home.注意: might 表示推测时,不表示时态。

只是可能性比may 小。

2)成语: may/might as well,后面接不带to 的不定式,意为"不妨"。

高中英语知识点归纳情态动词和实义动词的用法

高中英语知识点归纳情态动词和实义动词的用法

高中英语知识点归纳情态动词和实义动词的用法情态动词和实义动词是高中英语中常见的两类动词,它们具有不同的用法和含义。

下面将对情态动词和实义动词的用法进行归纳总结。

一、情态动词的用法情态动词是表示说话人的语气、态度、情感等方面的动词,常用的情态动词有can,could,may,might,must,shall,should,will,would等。

情态动词的用法如下:1. 表示能力和技能:- can 和 could 表示能力,主要用于肯定句和疑问句中。

- can 用于现在和将来时,could 用于过去时。

- She can swim.(她会游泳。

)- Could you play the guitar?(你会弹吉他吗?)2. 表示许可和禁止:- can 和 may 表示许可,可以用于肯定和疑问句中。

- cannot 和 must not 表示禁止。

- You can go now.(你现在可以走了。

)- May I use your phone?(我可以用一下你的手机吗?)- You must not smoke here.(你不能在这里抽烟。

)3. 表示推测和可能性:- may,might 和 could 表示可能性,可用于肯定和疑问句中。

- may 和 might 可用于现在和将来时,could 可用于过去时。

- He may come tomorrow.(他明天可能来。

)- Could it be true?(这可能是真的吗?)4. 表示义务和建议:- must 和 have to 表示义务,表示说话人的主观意愿。

- should 和 ought to 表示建议或期望。

- We must finish our homework.(我们必须完成作业。

)- You should see a doctor.(你应该去看医生。

)二、实义动词的用法实义动词是指具有实际意义的动词,用来表示具体的动作、状态或变化。

高中英语语法——情态动词总结(附带练习)

高中英语语法——情态动词总结(附带练习)

情态动词总结I 情态动词的特征:1.本身有词义。

2.不能独立作谓语。

2. 后接动词原形一起构成谓语。

3. 不随人称和数的变化。

II 情态动词各自的基本意义及用法:1.大多数情态动词(除表‘能力、许可、意志’外),都可以表示推测,其程度有差异。

按可能性程度的高低排列为:must﹥will ﹥would ﹥ought to ﹥should完全肯定完全可能很可能﹥can ﹥could﹥may ﹥might可能有可能2. 区分情态动词的否定含义:may not或许不、可能不might not可能不can’t 不可能mustn’t不许、禁止shouldn’t不应该needn’t 不必1.情态动词表推测的反意疑问句,简单来说,就是以情态动词后的时态为淮,如句子里有明确的时间状语,则以其为准。

2.以must 为例:E.g. 1. You must be hungry now, aren’t you?2. He must be watching TV , isn’t he ?3 Tom must have lived her for a long time, hasn’t he ?4. She must have arrived yesterday, didn’t she?注:如选择题中(以She must have arrived yesterday, didn’t she?为例)既有didn’t she又有hasn’t she则以didn’t she?为最佳答案。

IV 情态动词专项练习与解析一( ) 1. You _____ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like.A. can’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. may not( ) 2. Where is my pen? I _____ it.A. might loseB. would have lostC. should have lostD. must have lost( ) 3. I wish I _____ you yesterday.A. seenB. did seeC. had seenD. were to see( ) 4. I didn’t hear the phone. I _____ asleep.A. must beB. must have beenC. should beD. should have been( ) 5. If my lawyer _____ here last Saturday, he _____ me from going.A. had been; would have preventedB. had been; would preventC. were; would preventD. were; would have prevented( ) 6. He _____ you more help, even though he was very busy.A. might have givenB. might haveC. may have givenD. may give( ) 7. If it _____ for the snow, we _____ the mountain yesterday.A. were not; could have climbedB. were not; could climbC. had not been; could have climbedD. had not been; could climb( ) 8. Without electricity human life _____ quite difficult today.A. isB. will beC. would have beenD. would be( ) 9. A computer _____ think for itself, it must be told what to do.A. can’tB. couldn’tC. may notD. might not( ) 10. Jenny _____ have kept her word. I wonder why she changed her mind.A. mustB. shouldC. needD. would( )11. We _____ last night, but we went to the concert instead.A. must have studiedB. might studyC. should have studiedD. would study( ) 12. — Could I borrow your dictionary?— Yes, of course you _____.A. mightB. willC. canD. should( ) 13. Tom ought not to _____ me your secret, but he meant no harm.A. have toldB. tellC. be tellingD. having told ( ) 14. — If he _____, he _____ that food.— Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned; would not takeB. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken ( ) 15. Peter _____ come with us tonig ht, but he isn’t very sure yet.A. mustB. mayC. canD. will( ) 16. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _____ for her.A. had to write it outB. must have written it outC. should have written it outD. ought to write it out( ) 17. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she _____, she would have met my brother.A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come ( ) 18. — Shall I tell John about it?—No, you _____. I’ve told him already.A. needn’tB. wouldn’tC. mustn’tD. shouldn’t ( ) 19. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _____.A. breaksB. has brokenC. were brokenD. had been broken( ) 20. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack _____ be here at any moment.A. mustB. needC. shouldD. can( ) 21.— There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.— It _____ a comfortable journey.A. can’t beB. shouldn’t beC. mustn’t have beenD. couldn’t have been ( ) 22. Johnny, you _____ play with the knife, you _____ hurt yourself.A. won’t; can’tB. mustn’t; mayC. shouldn’t; mustD. can’t; shouldn’t ( ) 23. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _____ get out.A. had toB. wouldC. couldD. was able to ( ) 24. — When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.— They _____ be ready by 12:00.A. canB. shouldC. mightD. need( ) 25. — I stayed at a hotel while in New York.— Oh, did you? You _____ with Barbara.A. could have stayedB. could stayC. would stayD. must have stayed ( ) 26. — Will you stay for lunch?— Sorry, _____. My brother is coming to see me.A. I mustn’tB. I can’tC. I needn’tD. I won’t( ) 27. — Are you coming to Jeff’s party?—I’m not sure. I _____ go to the concert instead.A. mustB. wouldC. shouldD. might( ) 28. — Write to me when you get home.— _____.A. I mustB. I shouldC. I willD. I can( ) 29. I was really anxious about you, you _____ home without a word.A. mustn’t leaveB. shouldn’t have leftC. couldn’t have leftD. needn’t leave( ) 30. — Is John coming by train?— He should, but he _____ not. He likes driving his car.A. mustB. canC. needD. may专项练习(二)1. I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She _____ at the meeting.A. mustn’t have spokenB. shouldn’t have spokenC. needn’t have spokenD. couldn’t have spoken2. One ought _____ for what one hasn’t done.A. not to be punishedB. to not be punishedC. to not punishedD. not be punished3. If you really want yourself to be in good health, you must ___ always ___ so much.A. not; be smokingB. not; have smokedC. not; to smokeD. be not; smoking4. With so much work on hand, you _____ to see the game last night.A. mustn’t goB. shouldn’t goC. couldn’t have goneD. shouldn’t have gone5. Most of the students felt rather disappointed at the English party. They say that it ______ better organized.A. had beenB. had to beC. must have beenD. could have been6. I’m surprised that he _____ in the exam.A. should failB. would have failedC. may have failedD. should have failed7. The little girl _____ there alone.A. not dare goB. dares not goC. dare not goD. dare not to go8. “Must we do it now?” “No, you _____.”A. won’tB. needn’tC. can’tD. don’t9. He said he would rather not _____ it right now.A. doingB. to doC. doD. to be doing10. You _____ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.A. needn’t to comeB. don’t need comeC. don’t need comingD. needn’t come11. Put on more clothes. You _____ be feeling cold with only a shirt on.A. canB. couldC. wouldD. must12. I _____ play football than baseball.A. would ratherB. had betterC. like betterD. prefer13. I thought you _____ like something to read, so I have brought you some books.A. mayB. mightC. couldD. must14. There was plenty of times. She _____.A. mustn’t have hurriedB. couldn’t have hurriedC. must not hurryD. needn’t have hurried15. The plant is dead. I _____ it more water.A. will giveB. would have givenC. must giveD. should have given16. You _____ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like.A. can’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. may not17. It’s still early, you _____.A. mustn’t hurryB. wouldn’t hurryC. may not hurryD. don’t have to hurry18. Please open the window, _____?A. can’t youB. aren’t youC. do youD. will you19. We _____ for her because she never came.A. mustn’t have waitedB. shouldn’t have waitedC. mustn’t waitD. needn’t wait20. — May I stop here? — No, you _____.A. mustn’tB. might notC. needn’tD. won’t21. It’s a fine day. Let’s go fishing, _____.A. won’t weB. will weC. don’t weD. shall we22. I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She _____ at the meeting.A. mustn’t have spokenB. shouldn’t have spokenC. needn’t have spokenD. couldn’t have spoken23. — Please don’t make a noise. — _____. I’ll be as quiet as a mouse.A. Yes, I won’tB. No, I won’tC. No, I willD. Yes, I will24. The young man has made so much noise that he _____ not have been allowed to attend the concert.A. couldB. mustC. wouldD. should25. — Where is John? — He _____ in the library.A. should beB. must beC. can beD. must have been26. Since the road is wet this morning, _____ last night.A. it must rainB. it must be rainingC. it must have rainedD. it must have been rain27. — Will your brother stay home tonight?— I’m not quite sure. He _____ to the cinema tonight.A. must goB. can goC. may goD. may be going28. She’s already two hours late. What ______ to her?A. can have happenedB. may have happenedC. should have happenedD. must happen29. You must be a writer, _____?A. mustn’t youB. are youC. must youD. aren’t you30. I got up early that morning, but I _____ so because I had no work to do.A. mustn’t have doneB. didn’t need to doC. needn’t have doneD. can’t have done31. He _____ have come here yesterday, but he didn’t.A. couldB. shouldC. ought toD. all the above32. I missed the last bus, so I _____ go home on foot.A. mustB. have toC. mayD. had to33. He ought to win the first prize, _____ he?A. oughtn’tB. shouldn’tC. mustn’tD. both A and B34. Everyone _____ do his best for the modernizations of our country.A. canB. mayC. shouldD. might35. Let’s clean our classroom, _____?A. will youB. don’t weC. shall weD. do you36. Let us play basketball, ______?A. will youB. don’t weC. shall weD. do you37. He asked me for this book many times. Please tell him that he _____ have it tomorrow.A. mustB. mayC. shallD. both B and C38. “Your phone number again? I _____ quite catch it.” “It’s 9568442.”A. didn’tB. couldn’tC. don’tD. can’t39. Mother _____ us stories when we were children.A. was used to tellB. is used to tellingC. used to tellD. used to telling40. She would rather _____ more money on books _____ on clothes.A. cos t … notB. to spare … don’tC. pay … thanD. spend … than专项练习(三)1. — Has Li Lin started? He said he would join in the party.— He ______. He is a man of keeping his word.A. could have leftB. must have leftC. can’t comeD. won’t be c oming2. — May I park my car here?— No, you ______. No car is allowed to park here.A. may notB. needn’tC. mustn’tD. daren’t3. — Excuse me, could you tell me where the Yajia Supermarket is?—It’s two blocks straight ahead. You ______ miss it.A. mustn’tB. can’tC. needn’tD. shouldn’t4. — I saw Mr. Sun at Tongyu Station this morning.—You ______. He’s still on holiday in Hawaii.A. couldn’t haveB. mustn’t haveC. shouldn’tD. needn’t5. — How about paying a visit to Dr. Wang, our former Chinese teacher?— Good idea. I will e-mail him today so that he ______ know ______ to expect us.A. shall; whyB. could; whenC. would; whatD. will; how6. Everything has two sides. Beautiful songs, sometimes, ______ be just noise to others.A. mustB. mayC. shouldD. could7. Someone ______ my umbrella. I found it wet yesterday.A. must be usingB. must have usedC. must useD. must have been using8. — How dangerous it was!— Yes, but for the passer-by’s quick action, th e girl ______.A. was drownedB. could have been drownedC. had drownedD. should be drowned9. You ______ scold such a pupil who always keeps silent so seriously that you ______ hurt him.A. should; canB. may; willC. mustn’t; mayD. can’t; must10. — Why does Alice know so much about Angkor Wat?— She ______ have been there, or ...A. mustB. oughtn’t toC. mayD. can’t11. —You may laugh, but I’ve been thinking of becoming a vegetarian.— Oh, you ______ be crazy. You will be hungry all the time.A. mustB. mayC. willD. need12. —What’s the matter with you?—Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I ______ so much fried fish just now.A. shouldn’t eatB. mustn’t have eatenC. shouldn’t have eatenD. mus tn’t eat13. — ______ he have been chosen as captain of the football team?— Yes, he ______.A. Can; must haveB. Must; must haveC. Can; mustD. Must; must14. Mr. Zhang ______ in Shanghai tomorrow morning.A. can have arrivedB. will have arrivedC. may have arrivedD. must have arrived15. Miss Wang started at 8 o’clock, and she ______ be there now.A. shouldB. canC. can’tD. need16. — It must be Mr. Li who did it. — No, it ______ be Mr. Li.A. mustn’tB. wouldn’tC. can’tD. may17. You ______ finish reading the book as soon as possible.A. mayB. canC. needD. should18. — Need you go to work now? — Yes, I ______.A. mustB. needC. canD. dare19. Your trousers are dirty. ______ them for you?A. Shall I washB. Will I washC. Am I going to washD. Am I washing情态动词专项练习与解析一【练习解析】1.C 从原题中You can keep it till next week if you like这一信息句可知,“你不必现在还”。

情态动词知识点

情态动词知识点

情态动词知识点情态动词(Modal Verbs)是英语中的一类特殊动词,用于表示说话人的态度、观点、意愿、能力、推测等。

了解和正确使用情态动词对学习英语语法和提高语言表达能力非常重要。

本文将介绍情态动词的基本知识点,包括定义、用法及常见情态动词的具体用法和表示的含义。

一、情态动词的定义和用法情态动词是一类特殊的助动词,常用的情态动词有can、could、may、might、must、shall、should、will、would等。

情态动词有以下几个特点:1. 情态动词本身没有词义,不能单独用作谓语,后面需加动词原形来构成句子。

2. 情态动词本身没有人称和数的变化。

3. 情态动词没有时态的变化,表示的是一种情态或态度,并不表示动作的时间或进行的状态。

情态动词主要用于以下几个方面的功能:1. 表示能力和可能性:can、could、may、might、must;2. 表示推测和可能性:may、might、could;3. 表示意愿和请求:will、would、shall、should;4. 表示命令和建议:shall、should、will、would;5. 表示义务和必要性:must、should。

二、常见情态动词的具体用法和含义1. can/could:- 表示能力、技能:I can speak English fluently.- 表示允许:Can I use your computer?- 表示请求:Could you please help me carry this bag?- 表示推测:He could be at home.2. may/might:- 表示允许、请求、建议:May I come in? Might I suggest a different approach?- 表示推测、可能性:She may be busy. It might rain later.- 用于虚拟语气:If I had more time, I might go on vacation.3. must:- 表示必须、肯定:You must follow the rules.- 表示推测、非常有可能:He must be tired.- 表示责任、命令:You must finish the report by tomorrow.4. shall/should:- 表示建议、意愿、命令:Shall we go for a walk? You should see a doctor.- 表示期望、推测:The train should arrive soon.5. will/would:- 表示意愿、决心:I will help you with the project.- 表示请求、邀请:Would you like to join us for dinner?- 表示推测、意愿、假设:She would probably be upset if you didn't go.三、注意事项1. 情态动词后面的动词原形不带to。

2020高中二轮英语语法复习讲解-情态动词

2020高中二轮英语语法复习讲解-情态动词

高中英语语法之情态动词(一)情态动词的定义:情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。

(二)情态动词的特点:1)有一定词义;2)不受主语人称和数的变化影响;3)与主要动词的原形(或称不带to的不定式)一起构成谓语(除ought to作固定词组看待)。

情态动词无人称和数的变化, 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 "not"。

个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去,现在或将来。

情态动词属非及物动词,故没有被动语态。

He could be here soon. 他很快就来。

We can't carry the heavy box. 我们搬不动那箱子。

I'm sorry I can't help you. 对不起,我帮不上你。

基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区别之一是,基本助动词本身没有词义,而情态助动词则有自己的词义,能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法,或表示主观设想:What have you been doing since? (构成完成进行体,本身无词义)I am afraid I must be going. (一定要)You may have read some account of the matter. (或许已经)除此之外,情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征:1)除ought和used以外,其他情态动词后面只能接不带to 的不定式。

如果我们把ought to和used to看做是固定词组的话,那么,所有情态动词无一例外地只能接不带to的不定式:We used to grow beautiful roses.I asked if he would come and repair my television set. 2)情态助动词在限定动词词组总是位居第一: They need not have been punished so severely.3)情态助动词用于第三人称单数现在时的时候,没有词形变化,即其词尾无-s形式:She dare not say what she thinks.4)情态动词没有非限定形式,即没有不定式和分词形式,也没有相应的动名词:Still, she needn't have run away.5)情态助动词的“时”的形式并不是时间区别的主要标志。

2020年高考英语词汇语法专题16:情态动词易错点解题方法(含答案解析)

2020年高考英语词汇语法专题16:情态动词易错点解题方法(含答案解析)

专题16 情态动词易错点解题方法情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语,只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。

情态动词在句中放在谓语动词之前,谓语动词前若有助动词,则在助动词之前,疑问句中,情态动词则在主语之前.情态动词无人称和数的变化其后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式是在情态动词后面加"not"构成. 个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达更加客气,委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去,现在或将来.1.--Are you coming to Jef f’s party?--I’m not sure. I ____go to the concert instead.(NMET2000)A. mustB. wouldC. shouldD. might【答案】D.【解析】选D。

I’m not sure.的语境表明把握性不大,当然我去参加音乐演奏会的可能性就比较小了,故不用must应用might2.--_____the news be true?—No, it_____be true.A. Can, can’tB. May, can’tC. May, may notD. Must, mustn’t【答案】A.【解析】选A。

因为前半句是疑问句,后半句为否定句,两空都不能使用may/might 和must,应而用can和can’t。

3.I told Sally how to get there, but perhaps I ____for her.(NMET94)A. had to write it outB. must have written it outC. should have written it outD. ought to write it out【答案】C.【解析】选C。

分析语境可知,口头上告知Sally如何去那里是不够的,所以我本应书面告知,却有没书面告知之,显得应使用should /ought to have written表示遗憾之情。

情态动词英语语法知识精讲

情态动词英语语法知识精讲

情态动词英语语法知识精讲情态动词(modal verb)本身有词义,表示说话人的语气或情态,但词义不完全,不能单独用作谓语动词,一般只能和动词原形一起构成谓语动词。

小编在这里整理了相关资料,希望能帮助到您。

特征1)情态动词(modal verb)本身有词义,表示说话人的语气或情态,但词义不完全,不能单独用作谓语动词,一般只能和动词原形一起构成谓语动词。

2)情态动词所表示的情态有:命令、允诺、请求、拒绝、愿望、愿意、义务、必要、可能、能力、敢于、需要等。

3)情态动词(ought 除外)和助动词 shall,will,should,would 一样,后面的动词不定式一般皆不带。

形式变化1)没有人称和数的变化,第三人称单数的现在时也无变化。

如:I can We canYou can You canHeThey canShe canIt2)有些情态动词有过去式,有少数过去式和它的原形相同。

a)有过去式的情态动词有:may -- wouldcan ―― couldmay ― ― nigh tshall -- shouldhave to -- had tob)过去式不变的情态动词有:must - must (或 had to)ought to - ought toneed---needdare - dare(亦可用 dared)3)大多数情态动词后面可用动词的进行式、完成式和被动形式,如:can(may,must)be doing,can(may,must) have done,can(may,must)be done 等。

否定式情态动词和助动词一样,后面可直接跟否定词not。

现将情态动词的否定式及其否定式的简略式(简略式用于口语中)列举如下:shall not--shan't [FB:nt]will not---won't [wEunt]can not-can't [kB:nt]must not-mustn't [5mQsnt]should not-- shouldn'twould not-- wouldn'tcould not-- couldn'tdare not- daren't [dZEnt]need not-- needn't在疑问句中的用法情态动词在疑问句中的用法和助动词相同。

2020高考英语一轮复习语法第24讲:助动词和情态动词

2020高考英语一轮复习语法第24讲:助动词和情态动词

助动词和情态动词助动词本身无意义,不能单独作谓语,它的作用是帮助行为动词构成谓语,构成句子的否定式、疑问式及构成各种时态、语态和语气。

情态动词和助动词有不同之处,情态动词表示说话人的情感和态度,有一定的词义。

但是情态动词又和助动词有相似之处,二者均不能单独作谓语,它们必须和行为动词或连系动词连用一起构成谓语。

还有一点需要特别注意,情态动词没有人称和数的变化,其后必须跟动词原形。

典型例句:1.Did you read this book?(助动词帮助构成疑问式)你看过这本书吗?2.She does not speak English.(助动词帮助构成否定式)她不讲英语。

3.His mother can speak English.(情态动词后跟动词原形)他妈妈会说英语。

1.助动词1.助动词概述在英语中,助动词本身没有词义,主要帮助构成谓语,表示时态、语态、语气或构成否定句式、疑问形式。

助动词在句子中必须同主语的人称和数保持一致。

助动词包括be,do,have,will和shall等。

Leslie is playing tennis with Linda.(时态)莱斯利正在和琳达打网球。

Tom was punished by his teacher.(时态)汤姆被他的老师处罚了。

Do be quiet,please.(语气)请务必保持安静。

She does not like eating hotpot.(否定)她不喜欢吃火锅。

A:Did you read this book?(疑问)你看过这本书吗?B:Yes,I did./No,I didn’t.是的,我看过。

/不,我没看过。

补充:am,is,are,was,were既可作助动词又可作系动词。

do,does,did,have,has,had既可作助动词又可作行为动词。

She does not speak English.(助动词)她不讲英语。

She does her work carefully.(行为动词)她工作很仔细。

高中英语语法之情态动词

高中英语语法之情态动词

高中英语语法之情态动词一、概念情态动词是表示能力,义务,必须,猜测等说话人的语气或情态的动词。

二、相关知识点精讲1.can1)表能力can 表能力时意味着凭体力或脑力或技术等可以无甚阻力地去做某事。

I can climb this pole.我能爬这根杆子。

He is only four , but he can read.他只有4岁,但已认得字了。

Fir e can’t destroy gold.火烧不毁金子。

因为 can 不能和其他助动词连用,所以表示将来式时用will be able to。

You will be able to skate after you have practiced it two or three times.你练习两三次后就会溜冰了。

2)表可能性多用于否定与疑问结构中,但也可用在肯定句中。

Can the news be true?这消息可能是真的吗?It can’t be true.它不可能是真的。

What can he possibly mean?他可能是什么意思?can 用在肯定句中表示理论上的可能性(一时的可能)。

Attending the ball can be very exciting.The road can be blocked.这条路可能会不通的。

may 在肯定句中表示现实的可能性。

The road may be blocked.这条路可能不通了。

3)表示允许(和 may 意思相近)常见于口语。

Can (May) I come in ?我能进来吗?Can I smoke here ?我可以在这里抽烟吗?2.could 的用法1)表过去的可能和许可,(多用于间接引语中)At that time we thought the story could not be true.那时我们认为所说的事不可能是真的。

Father said I could swim in the river.爸爸说我可以在河里游泳。

高中英语知识点归纳情态动词和实义动词的用法讲解

高中英语知识点归纳情态动词和实义动词的用法讲解

高中英语知识点归纳情态动词和实义动词的用法讲解一、情态动词的定义和用法情态动词是一类特殊的助动词,用来表示说话人对某种行为或状态的态度、情感或推测等。

情态动词常用于与实义动词连用,构成谓语。

下面对几个常见的情态动词进行归纳和用法讲解。

1. can/could:a) 表示能力、可能性或许可:She can swim.(她会游泳)b) 表示请求或邀请:Can you lend me your pen?(你能借给我你的笔吗?)c) 表示推测:He could be at home now.(他现在可能在家)2. may/might:a) 表示可能性:It may rain tomorrow.(明天可能会下雨)b) 表示请求或许可:May I use your phone?(我可以用一下你的电话吗?)c) 表示祝愿:May you have a happy birthday.(祝你生日快乐)3. must:a) 表示必须或肯定:You must finish your homework.(你必须完成作业)b) 用于反问句,表示强烈的建议或命令:Must I go now?(我现在必须离开吗?)4. shall/should:a) shall用于第一人称,表示将来的意愿、承诺、建议或命令:I shall help you with the housework.(我会帮你打扫房间)b) should用于其他人称,表示应该、建议或推测:You should exercise regularly.(你应该经常锻炼)5. will/would:a) 表示将来的意愿、决心或承诺:I will visit my grandparents this weekend.(这个周末我将去看望我的祖父母)b) would用于过去的愿望、习惯或客气的请求:He would always help others when he was young.(他年轻时总是帮助别人)二、实义动词的定义和用法实义动词是指表示实际动作或状态的动词。

高考英语语法复习——情态动词和虚拟语气

高考英语语法复习——情态动词和虚拟语气
这种方法也许奏效,试试吧
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may的主要用法如下: 1. may在肯定句中表达许可,在疑问句中用于征 求意见。 2. may 在肯定句中表达可能性,即“或许;也 许”;may not 表达“也许不……” 3. may在目的状语从句中表达目的。 4. may在May sb. do sth.句式中表达祝愿。
是”等意义; 4.在if,when,until等连词引导的表示时间
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或条件的从句中要用一般时表将来,但在if 从句中 有时为了表示意愿也可用will,有“愿意”的意思。
would 的主要用法有: 1. will 的过去式,表示对过去时间的意志、意愿、 决心; 2. 表示请求或个人的想法、看法,使语气婉转;
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2. 表义务,可用于各种句式,通常指将来; 3. 表推测,暗含很大的可能; 4. 在从句中,表虚拟语气; 5. should也可表惋惜、忧虑、欢乐、惊讶等感 情色彩; 6. 在间接引语中,表达shall的过去式。
5 will/would有哪些用法?
翻译下列句子,体会情态动词will/would的用法 1. We will fight on until final victory is won.
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can的主要用法有: 1. 表能力,翻译为“能够/会”。 2. 表可能性,翻译为“可能/会”。 3. 表许可,翻译为“可以”,用于否定句,表示 不允许,翻译为“不可以/不能”。 4. 表示偶然发生的可能性,翻译为“有时会”。 5. 用于否定句,表推测,翻译为“不可能”。
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could的主要用法有: 1. can的过去式 could表过去的能力。 2. could 表委婉,礼貌语气,不是真正的过去时态。 3. could表示有可能,但可能性不如“can”大。

高中语法专题解析情态动词

高中语法专题解析情态动词

高中语法专题解析情态动词情态动词是英语中的一类特殊动词,用于表示说话人对某种动作或状态的看法、态度、能力、建议、推测等。

情态动词包括can、could、may、might、shall、should、will、would、must 等。

本文将对高中语法专题解析情态动词进行详细介绍。

一、情态动词的基本特点情态动词具有以下基本特点:1. 情态动词没有人称和数的变化:即不论主语是什么人称和数,情态动词的形式都不发生变化。

例如:I can swim.(我能游泳。

)They can swim.(他们能游泳。

)2. 情态动词没有时态的变化:即不论主语所表示的动作发生在过去、现在还是将来,情态动词的形式都不发生变化。

需要注意的是,有些情态动词后可以加上动词原形来表示某种时态,例如:He can go to the party tomorrow.(他明天可以去参加派对。

)3. 情态动词后面直接加动词原形:与一般动词不同,情态动词后面直接加动词原形,不用加动词的第三人称单数形式,也不用加动词过去式或过去分词形式。

例如:She can play the piano.(她会弹钢琴。

)They must study hard.(他们必须努力学习。

)二、情态动词的用法1. 表示能力或许可:can/maycan 表示说话人认为某人或某物有能力做某事,may 表示说话人允许别人做某事。

例如:He can swim.(他会游泳。

)You may leave now.(你现在可以离开。

)2. 表示推测或不肯定:could/mightcould 表示过去某个时间或地点的可能性,might 表示一种较远的或更不确定的可能性。

例如:He could be at home.(他可能在家。

)She might come to the party.(她也许会来参加派对。

)3. 表示义务或必须:must/shouldmust 表示说话人强烈的主观感觉,表达某种义务或必须做的事情,should 则表示建议或劝告。

高中英语情态动词详细讲解及例句

高中英语情态动词详细讲解及例句

一、情态动词无人称和数的变化,不能单独做谓语,只能和行为动词或状态动词构成谓语二、情态动词分为:情态助动词:can(could)、may(might)、must、have to (had to )、ought to 、shall(should)、will(would) 12个半情态助动词:dare、need、used to、had better、would better(5个)三、情态助动词1.can and could1)ability:be able to do /manage to do/succeed in doing sth.eg.The army can defeat their enemy.eg.The army is able to defeat their enemy.eg.The army succeed in defeating their enemy.2)permission:eg.Can I smoke here?eg.You can’t smoke here.3)possibility:用在否定句、疑问句、感叹句中-eg.This can’t be done by him.当被用在肯定句中时,表达的是理论上的可能性,不涉及是否真的会发生eg.even expert drives can make mistakes.要表达现在或者将来的可能性,用may /might或could.eg.I may leave for Beijing next month.但在特殊疑问句中,或与副词hardly、only等连用的陈述句中表达可能性只用can/couldEg.where can the noise be coming from?eg.It can hardly be the postman,he comes only in the morning.4)有时会:the road can be blocked.5)could 表示轻微的怀疑或委婉的看法I’m sorry I couldn’t lend you the book now.His story could be true,but I hardly think it is.6)could 表示委婉的请求,主要用于疑问句,不用于肯定句Could you lend me some money?Yes,I can /No,I am afraid not.7)could 的常用结构:could+动词+比较级“非常,再.....不过了”It couldn’t be better.Couldn’t +过去分词+比较级“非常,再.....不过了”They couldn’t have tried harder to make me eel welcome.Can’t..too..=can never too“无论怎样...也不为过,越...越好”I can’t thank you too much.I owe my progress to you.Can’t (help/choose) but do/can but +动词原形“不得不,只好”We can but agree with him.Can’t help doing 忍不住,不得不I can’t help laughingCan’t be (it) 控制不住,没有办法It can’t be helpedCan’t....without 没有...就不能One can’t succeed without perseverance.2.may and might1)permission:May I use your pen?Yes,you may./No,you may not.2)Possibility:用于推测,表示不确定,不用于疑问句中She may know Tom’s address.出现I’m afraid.I’m not sure等表示不确定时,常用may/might.I’m afraid he might not come to attend the meeting today.从语气上判断,may表示的可能性比might 大,might更多的表示怀疑He may be very busy now.He might be very busy now.3)用于让步状语从句中However hard you may study,you cannot master English in a month.4)用于祈使句,表示祝愿May you succeed!5)might 常用于表示轻微的责备和委婉的请求You might post the letter for me if you are going near a post box.You might have let me know before!6)习惯用法:may as well do”理所当然,有足够的理由”She may be proud of her sonMay /might (just) as well do=had better do(最好)You might as well stay at home tonight.May/might as well+do A+as+do+B”与其做B不如做A”You might as well throw the money away as lend it to him.One may as well not know a thing at all as know it but imperfectly3.must and have to1)表示义务,一定要,必须You must arrive in good time.The meeting is very important.2)表示肯定性或难以避免,必然会,肯定会All men must die.3)must 表示有把握的推测,一定是,准时Must do/must be doing/must have doneThe tall fellow must be a basketball player.Let’s have something.You must be starving.He must have received mu letter which has mailed last week.4)must 表示非要,偏要,常以第二人称为主语,意指不耐或令人不愉快的事情,用于其他人称,表示主语固执,意为偏偏Why must you buy that car?Jane was never a pleasant young girl.After you gave her your advice,she must goand do the opposite.5)must 的三种否定形式表示不可能must be --can’t be must have done--can’t have doneYou must have met him before.You can’t have met him before.表示不必must do--need not to/don’t have toWe must get up at six tomorrow morning.We don’t have to get up at six tomorrow morning.表示决不能,严禁must--mustn’tYou mustn’t park your car here.6)回答以must提问的句子Must we clean all the rooms?Yes ,you must/No ,you don’t have to/No ,you needn’t7)must 可做名词,表示必须有的东西,必须做的事Warm clothes are a must in the mountains.8)must和have to 表示必须时,有一下差别Must 表示的是说话人主观的看法,而have to则往往强调客观需要The play is not interesting ,I really must go now.I have to work when I was your age.Must 一般只表现在,have to 则有更多的时态。

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十一.情态动词情态动词表示说话人的语气和情态。

如需要、可能、愿意、怀疑等。

情态动词有一定的词义,但不完整,必须和主要动词的原型一起构成谓语。

常用的情态动词有:can, could, may, might, must, have to, ought to, need, dare, shall, will, should, would, be able to,及半情态动词be to do, had better等。

情态动词的基本用法:(一)can“能够”1.表示体力或脑力方面的能力,或根据客观规律能做某事的能力。

如:He can speak English. I can go there now.表“能够”时,既可指现在也可指将来。

(2)can与be able to的区别:①表“能力”时二者同义No one can / is able to do it.② be able to常侧重经过努力有能力做到,有多种时态。

can侧重自身的能力,只有一般现在时和一般过去时。

③ was / were able to do 表示通过努力克服困难或在一定的条件下成功地做了某事,侧重结果,相当于managed to do 或succeeded in doing...。

could仅表自身的能力或本领,但未必成功做到。

With the help of the firemen, they were able to leave the burning house.He was able to swim across the river.In the end, we were able to rescue the workers trapped in the fire.2.表示“许可,允许”。

在疑问句中表示请求,许可;否定句中表示“不许”。

此时常与may通用:May/Can I do it?This sort of thing can't这类事情不能再继续了!not有时可以表示“禁止”相当于mustn't:You can't(mustn't,are not allowed to)play football in the street.你不可以在大街上踢球。

3.表示推测,强调客观可能性:“可能、会”。

主要用于疑问句和否定句。

表示推测、估计时,后边可根据不同情况用动词原形、进行式、完成式。

Who can he be?She can't be waiting for you.He can't have gone there alone.4.表惊讶、疑虑。

How can it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?他咋会连开幕式都迟到?Can it be late? 会不会晚了?(二)could1.表“能力”“可能性”“许可”,为can的过去式。

He said he could go.2. could用于一般现在时中表委婉、客气地提出问题或陈述看法。

(此时不是can的过去式,要用can回答以显得爽快。

此时can和could没有时间的差别,只是could语气更客气些。

)-Could I borrow your pen? - Yes, you can.(三)may, might (may的过去式为might)1.表示许可,有“可以”的意思,询问或说明一件事可不可以做,有时可以用can互换。

You may go now.否定式may not表示“不可以、禁止、阻止”等,常用must not (=mustn't)代替。

may用于疑问句中时,回答多避免用may,以免显得太严肃或不客气。

-May I watch TV tonight? -Yes, you can.(No, you mustn't/you'd better not)-May I smoke here?-Yes, please.(No, please don't.)2.表推测:“或许、可能”。

表示一件事或许会发生,只用在陈述句中。

It may rain tomorrow.3. may可以表祝愿,一般放在句首构成倒装句式:May you succeed! =I hope you may succeed.祝您成功!May that day come soon! 希望这一天早日来到!May you be happy, healthy and wealthy!祝你快乐,健康,富有。

4. might是may的过去式,表可以做的事或可能发生的事。

She suggested a few books which I might buy.5. might用于一般现在时比may委婉,或表示现实的可能性更小一些。

He might come soon.I wonder if I might borrow some coffee?6. may (just) as well, might as well.“不妨…”(可以用来提出建议)。

它们比had better 显得谦逊或不那么有把握,所以had better通常是不用于长者或上司的。

同时,had better有时带有威胁口吻。

(may well为“完全能;满可以;很可能”,表示有可能或有充分理由做某事。

well是may的程度副词)I needn't wait; I may as well tell you now.我不必等,我不妨现在就告诉你。

Since it's a fine day, we might as well walk.既然是好天气,我们一不妨走走。

You may well say so.你完全有理由这么说。

It may well be that the question is still under discussion.那很可能是该问题仍在讨论中。

●had better是固定词组,亦可说had best,用来表示一种很有把握的建议和劝告,意思是“最好…”。

①现代英语中常用better代替had better, 有时省主语:You had better be careful. = You better be careful. = Better be careful.②had better后接be doing结构时,表示立即做某事。

I think I'd better be going.我想我最好马上走。

③had better接完成式表示对过去本该做而没做的事的遗憾。

You'd better have come earlier.你本该早点来。

7. may, may not, might + be doing也表猜测,译为“可能,正在或可能不在干…”She may not be doing such silly things.He may be doing his work. (四)must1.表示必须要做的事,意为“必须”,否定式mustn't表示不准、不许、禁止等。

在回答带有must 的问句时,不用mustn't,而用needn't或don't have to。

I must go now.We mustn't waste our time.Must I go home? No ,you needn't. / Yes, you must. 2. must 在表“必须”时与have to 相近,have to 强调客观需要,must 着重主观看法。

另外must 不像have to 能有更多的时态。

You must be back by ten.(命令或叮嘱) You have to be back by ten.(客观需要) 3.表推测,暗含很大的可能性,意为“一定、肯定”,只用于“肯定句”中。

此时其否定式为can't,“绝非”。

He must be over sixty. There must be a mistake. 4.偏偏、硬要、干嘛(指做令人不快的事) The car must break down just when we were about to start off. 我们正要出发的时候偏偏车坏了。

Must you shout so loudly? 你干嘛这么大声喊? (五)shall 1.表示命令、履行义务、意愿、许诺、警告、强制、威胁、决心等,一般用于二、三人称中,并用于陈述句。

You shall have my answer tomorrow.(允诺) You shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you.(警告) You shall do as I tell you.(命令或吩咐)We shall go, whatever may happen.(决心) I shan ’t speak with her.(决心) You shall clean theclassroom this afternoon.(义务) He shall give you your own money.(威胁) ※2. shall 表示愿意,用在疑问句中,用于二人称表示征询听话人是否愿意,但多用will 。

Shall you go with me? 3.征求听话人意见和指示,用在一、三人称的疑问句中。

Shall I turn on the light ? Shall he come to see you? =Do you want him to see you? (六)should should 是shall 的过去式,但它同时又是一个有单独意义的情态动词。

1.表达职责、义务,作“应当”讲,常与ought to 互换。

但ought to 侧重反映客观情况,should 侧重表示主观看法。

2.表示预测可能性,并译作“可能,(按道理)应该”。

They should come here now.3.用于委婉、谦逊地提出意见或建议。

I should think you are right.我以为你是对的。

4. should用于某些从句中表虚拟语气:①用于表示建议、命令的动词的宾语从句中。

表示建议、命令的动词有suggest(表“建议”时), advise(忠告), recommend(推荐), order(命令), demand(要求)urge(力劝),require(要求), request(请求),desire (渴望), ask / insist(表“坚决要求”含义时)等词的宾语从句的谓语应由“should+动词原形”构成,此时should可省略。

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