一般过去式的用法

一般过去式的用法：

一般过去式表示过去的动作和状态，通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词，词组或从句,如yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。

I worked in that factory last year. 去年我在那一家工厂工作。

I met him yesterday. 昨天我碰见了他。

I went to the Tian Long Mountain yesterday.

昨天我们去了天龙山。

一般过去式构成：表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示，而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。

动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。

a.规则动词的过去式变化如下：

①一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed。如：wanted，played, worked played ,acted, looked called opened needed。

②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去掉e再加-ed。如：hoped，lived。

③以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加

-ed，如：stopped planned fitted

④以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-ed。如：studied，worried, tried ,copied ,cried, carried。

以原音字母加y结尾的词，直接加-ed play enjoy stay played enjoyed stayed 规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。请记住：清后[t]，元浊[d]，[t] [d]之后读[id]。

①清辅音[p] [k] [f] [s]等后，ed要读[t]。如：worked，finished。

②元音或浊辅音[b] [g] [v] [z] [m]等后，ed要读[d]。如：lived，called。

③[t]或[d]后，ed读[id]。如：started，needed。

b.不规则动词变化

不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。

1．动词原形和过去式完全同形。

例：hurt（伤害）put（放）let（让）

2．动词原形、过去式形式完全不同。

例：give（给）gave fly（飞）flew drink（喝）drank see（看见）saw go （去）went make - made get - got buy - bought come came know（知道）knew wear （穿）wore speak（说）spoke

be动词过去式有两种形式，主语是第一、三人称单数形式使用was，其他人称用were

6 现在分词的变化规则

一般在动词原形词尾加-ing，go push play carry going pushing playing carrying

以不发音的e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加-ing take write leave taking writing leaving

重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果词尾只有一个辅音字母，要将该辅音字母双写，再加-ing cut stop fit begin forget cutting stopping fitting beginning forgetting 以ie结尾的动词，要把ie改为y，再加-ing

牛津英语6A英语语法(二) 一般过去时

定义：表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。

结构：“主语+动词的过去式”

用法：

1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

He was here yesterday.

I got up at seven yesterday morning.

My mother was at work yesterday afternoon.

Did you have a good time last summer

2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

My mother often went to work by taxi last year.

When I was a student, I often listened to music.

3. 常与一般过去时态连用的时间有：

at that time, then, at that moment, yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…)last night (week, month, year…),一段时间+ago(several days ago), two days ago, a week ago, three years ago…in 1990, (in 1997…) ,just now, long before, long, long ago

二. 动词过去式构成规则

（一）1、一般在动词原形末尾加–ed

help →helped, look →looked, play →played, work →worked, listen →listened, wash →washed, clean →cleaned,

2、结尾是e 的动词加-- d

live---lived hope---hoped use---used like --- liked

3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加—ed

stop---stopped plan---planned

4、结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“i”再加—ed

study---studied carry ---carried cry --- cried worry →worried

(二) 动词过去式的读音规则

规则动词加-ed的读音:基本规则是轻轻,浊浊,既在轻辅音后加ed读轻辅音/t/。在浊辅音及元音后加ed读浊辅音/d/ 。

例：ask →asked /a:skt/, cook →cooked /kukt/, pass →passed /pa:st/,

例：move →moved /mu:vd/, live →lived / livd/, listen →listened

/`lisnd/, stay →stayed /steid/

在/t/ /d/ 之后念/id/ , 即ed 在/t/ /d/ 音后面念/id/

例：shout →shouted 去式与动词原形的拼写形式相同：let →let, put →put, read →read,(注意read的过去式读[red])

b. i →a: begin →began, drink →drank, give →gave, ring →rang, sing →sang, sit →sat, swim →swam

c. i →o: drive →drove, ride →rode, write →wrote

d. ow →ew: grow →grew, know →knew, throw →threw

e. 含ough或augh的：bring →brought, buy →bought, think →thought；catch →caught, teach →taught

f. am is ---was are ---were do---did can---could come---came

不规则动词的过去式平时出现要留心,逐个熟记,注意积累。

三. 句型转化：