英语一(1)
大学英语(一)
1、单选题Studies have shown _______ teenagers often suffer form depression.2分thatwhichin whichin that标准答案： A2、单选题The party has failed to _______ the majority of voters that it is capable of governing the country.2分trustcreditconvincebelieve标准答案： C3、单选题_______ driving around all day looking for somewhere to park，why don‘t you take a bus to town？2分In spite ofRather thanIn palce ofOther than标准答案： B4、单选题The kids are _______ be hungry when they get home—they always are.2分obliged tobound todesired tomotivated to标准答案： B5、单选题All the characteristics that distinguish birds _______ other animals can be traced to prehistoric times.2分tobetweenforfrom标准答案： D6、单选题When the city was _______，everyone knew that total defeat was certain.2分cut offcut downcut acrosscut out标准答案： A7、单选题If we _______ everything ready by now，we should be having a terrible time tomorrow.2分hadn’t gotdidn’t getwouldn’t have gotwouldn’t get标准答案： A8、单选题In his composition there were no other errors _______ a few misspelled words.2分besideexceptthenthan标准答案： D9、单选题In deciding _______ a course of action，the candidates tried to estimate its likely impact on the voters.2分what to pursuewhich to pursuewhether to pursueif to pursue标准答案： C10、单选题Since we have a focused subject，we should not talk _______.2分at onceat handat intervalsat random标准答案： D11、单选题I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _____ I got wet through.2分It is the reasonThat is whyThere is whyIt is how标准答案： B12、单选题Whenever my uncle came to see me, he____ bring me some candy.2分willwouldwasshould标准答案： B13、单选题She is fond of____ stamps.2分collectto collectcollectingcollection标准答案： C14、单选题____you have any questions or needs, please contact the manager after 5:00 p.m. on weekends.2分BecauseWhereIfThough标准答案： C15、单选题This problem is____ his ability and I do not think he can solve it.2分toinbeyondunder标准答案： C16、阅读理解The clock struck eleven at night. The whole house was quiet. Ever yone wasin bed except me. Under the strong light, I looked sadly before a hu ge pile oftroublesome stuff they call “books”.I was going to have my examina tion thenext day. "When can I go to bed?" I asked myself. I didn’t answer, i n fact Idared not. The clock struck 12."Oh, dear!" I cried, "ten more boo ks to read before I can go to bed!” We are the most wretched crea tures in the world. Dad does notagree with me on this. He did not have to work so hard when he w as a boy ."The clock struck one. I was quite hopeless now. I forgot all I had learnt. I wastoo tired to go on. I did the only thing I could. I prayed, “Oh, God,Please helpme pass the exam tomorrow. I do promise to work hard afterwards , Amen.”My eyes were heavy, so heavy that I could hardly open the m. A few minutes later, with my head on the desk, I fell asleep.1、单选题When the author was going over his lessons, all the others in the house were_____ .4分asleepworking in bedoutsidequietly laughing at him标准答案： A2、单选题Reviewing his lessons didn’t help him because ________.4分it was too late at nighthe was very tiredhis eyes lids were so heavy that he couldn’t keep them openhe hadn’t studied hard before the examination标准答案： D3、单选题What do you suppose happened to the author？_________4分He went to a church to pray againHe passed the exam by luckHe failed in the examHe was punished by his teacher标准答案： C4、单选题The best title for the passage would be __________ .4分The Night Before the ExaminationWorking Far into the NightA Slow StudentGoing Over My Lessons标准答案： A5、单选题The word “wretched” in the second paragraph refers to_______.4分可怜的坏蛋快乐的倒霉的标准答案： A17、阅读理解A farmer had a cow. He took very good care of this cow and one day when it was ill, he was very worried. He telephoned the vet. “What’s the problem?” The vet asked him when he arrived.“My cow's ill,” the farmer said. “I don’t know what's the matter wi th her. She’slying down and won’t eat. She's making a strange noise.”The vet looked over the cow. "She's certainly ill," he said, "and she n eeds to take some very strong medicine."He took a bottle out of his box, put two pills into his hand and said, "Give her these. The pills should make her better."“How should I give them to he r?” the farmer asked.The vet gave him a tube (管子)and said, "Put this tube in her mouth, then putthe pills in the tube and blow. That'll make it."The next day the vet came to the farm again. The farmer was sitti ng outsidehis house and looked more worrie d.“How's your cow?” the vet aske d.“No change,” the farmer said, “and I’m feeling very strange myself.”“Oh?” the vet said, "Why?"“I did what you said,” the farmer answered. “I put the tube in the cow's mouth and then put two pills down it.”“And?” the vet asked. “The cow blew first,” the farmer said.1、单选题In the story, the vet must be _________.4分the farmer's frienda milk factorya hospital for cowsa doctor for animals标准答案： D2、单选题The farmer asked the vet for help when his cow _______4分couldn't lie downdidn't eat the pillscouldn't make any noisewas ill标准答案： D3、单选题What medicine did the vet give the farmer?4分Bottle of pills.A long tube.Two pills.A small box.标准答案： C18、阅读理解Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New YorkCity when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wan ted tobecome a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the m iddle of thenineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission (录取) tomedical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia . She wasso determined that she taught school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling.In 1849, after graduation from medical school. she decided to furt her her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon(外科医师) , but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea. Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her ownpractice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also adoctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, thefirst for women and children Besides being the first woman physici an andfounding her own hospital , she also set up the first medical school f or women.1、单选题Why couldn’t Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream of becoming a surgeon?3分She couldn’t get admitted to medical schoolShe decided to further her education in ParisA serious eye problem stopped herIt was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States 标准答案： C2、单选题What main obstacle(障碍) almost destroyed Elizabeth’s chances for becoming for a doctor?3分She was a woman.She wrote too many letters.She couldn’t graduate from medical school.She couldn’t set up her hospital.标准答案： A3、单选题How many years passed between her graduation from medical sc hool and the opening of her hospital?3分Eight yearsTen yearsNineteen yearsThirty-six years标准答案： A4、单选题According to the passage, all of the following are “firsts” in the li fe of Elizabeth Blacekwell,except that she ______.3分became the first woman physicianwas the first woman doctorand several other women founded the first hospital for wome n and childrenset up the first medical school for women标准答案： B5、单选题Eilzabeth Blackwell spent most of her lift in _______.3分EnglandParisthe United StatesNew York City标准答案： C19、阅读理解Why play games? Because they are fun, and a lot more besides. F ollowing rules…planning your next move…acting as a team member …these are all “game” ideas that you will come across throughout y our life. Think about some of the games you played as a young child, such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek. Such games are en tertaining and fun. But perhaps more importantly, they translate li fe into exciting dramas that teach children some of the basic rules t hey will be expected to follow the rest of their lives, such as taking t urns and cooperating(合作). Many children’s games have a practical side. Children arou nd the world play games that prepare them for work they will do as grown-ups. For instance, some Saudi Arabian children play a ga me called bones, which sharpens the hand-eye coordination (协调) needed in hunting. Many sports encourage national or local pride. The most famous games of all, the Olympic Games, bring ath letes from around the world together to take part in friendly comp etition. People who watch the event wave flags, knowing that a gol d medal is a win for an entire country, not just the athlete who earned it. For countries experiencing natural disasters or war, an Olym pic win can mean so much. Sports are also an event that unite s(团结) people. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world. People on all continents play it—some for fun and some for a living. Nicolette Iribarne, a Californian soccer player, has discovered a way to sprea d hope through soccer. He created a foundation to provide poor c hildren with not only soccer balls but also a promising future. N ext time you play your favorite game of sport, think about why you enjoy it, what skills are needed, and whether these skills will help y ou in other aspects of your life.1、单选题Through playing hide-and-seek, children are expected to learn to （）.3分be a team leaderobey the basic rulesact as a grown-uppredict possible danger标准答案： B2、单选题The underlined part in Paragraph 2 most probably means that g ames can （） .3分describe life in an exciting waychange your life experiencesmake learning life skills more interestingchange people’s views of sporting events. 标准答案： A3、单选题According to the passage, why is winning Olympic medals so enc ouraging? （） .3分It inspires people’s deep love for the country.It proves the exceptional skills of the winners.It helps the country out of natural disasters.It earns the winners fame and fortune.标准答案： A20、简答题Translation from Chinese into English：警察已着手对这个案子进行细致、全面的调查。
大学英语(一)_1_试题卷
山东工商学院2020学年第一学期大学英语（一）课程试题 A卷（考试时间：120分钟，满分100分）特别提醒：1、所有答案均须填写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上无效。
2、每份答卷上均须准确填写函授站、专业、年级、学号、姓名、课程名称。
一单选题 (共20题，总分值40分 )1. ________________ only by one’s appearance, I’m sure, will have you get just half of him or less （2 分）A. JudgedB. JudgingC. To be judgedD. Judge2. It is one of the major tasks of the training to learn to ________________ difficult situations. （2 分）A. cope withB. add upC. go withD. get on3. __________ we’ll have the sports meet tomorrow depends on the weather. （2 分）A. WhenB. IfC. WhetherD. That4. Mark was asked to send his resume to the ________________ department of the company he applied for. （2 分）A. personalB. peopleC. personnelD. person5. The number of the students who took part in the entrance examination __________ great. （2 分）A. isB. areC. hasD. have6. I’ve been telling her time and again that we can’t ________________ another holiday, but she won’t listen. （2 分）A. spendB. saveC. affordD. stress7. Believe it or not, the couple had fallen in love with each other ________________ first glance and got married two weeks later. （2 分）A. inB. atC. onD. to8. This time in Beijing I visited all the places I had ________________ to see, like the Great Wall and the Forbidden City. （2 分）A. longedB. succeededC. metD. imagined9. We ________________ booked. Look, this restaurant is almost empty. （2 分）A. must haveB. can’t haveC. should haveD. needn’t have10. - Welcome to the party! ________________________- Thank you! （2 分）A. Excuse me!B. I totally agree with you.C. How pretty you are today!D. Which one do you prefer?11. They’ve just ________________ a new house in the country at a great sum of money. （2 分）A. bargainedB. robbedC. computedD. purchased12. It is reported that the United States uses ________________ energy as the whole of Europe. （2 分）A. as twiceB. twice muchC. twice much asD. twice as much13. College students often complain that they only have little personal ________________ with the teaching staff after class. （2 分）A. linkB. directionC. conditionD. contact14. - Do you mind if I switch off the radio?- __________________________. Go ahead. （2 分）A. Never mindB. No wayC. No, not at allD. No, you'd better not15. - Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the bus stop?- ________________________ （2 分）A. Yes, go straight down this way to the end.B. Why do you ask me the way?C. Yes, I will.D. No, I can't tell you that.16. What’s that terrible noise? The neighbors ________________ for a party. （2 分）A. have preparedB. are preparingC. prepareD. will prepare17. It goes without saying that a real sportsman will never dream ________________ cheating in a game （2 分）A. toB. forC. withD. of18. -I'm sorry to hear that you failed in the exam.-__________________________. （2 分）A. Not at allB. Oh, thank you.That's very kind of you.C. You are welcomeD. Yes, I'm really sorry19. Mary would rather that she ________________ to the party yesterday evening. （2 分）A. didn’t goB. not goC. not goneD. hadn’t gone20. The house isn’t big enough for us, and ________________, it’s too far from the town. （2 分）A. furthermoreB. howeverC. thereforeD. thus二阅读理解 (共1题，总分值20分 )21. Younger people and older people do not always agree. They sometimes have different ideas about life, work and play. But in one special program in New York State, adults and teenagers live together in peace. Each summer 200 teenagers and 50 adults live together for eight weeks as members of a special work group. Everyone works several hours each day. The aim is not just to keep busy but rather to find meaning and enjoyment in work. Some teenagers work in the woods or on the farms near the village. Some learn to make furniture and to build houses. The adults teach them these skills.There are several free hours each day. Weekends are free, too. During the free hours some of the teenagers learn photography or painting. Others sit around talking and singing. Each teenager chooses his own way to spend his free time.When people live together, rules are always necessary. In this program the teenagers and the adults make the rules together. If someone breaks a rule, the problem goes before the whole group. The group discusses the problem. They ask, "Why did it happen? " "What should we do about it? "One of the teenagers has this to say about the experience: " You stop thinking only about yourself. You learn how to think about the group. " （20 分）(1). The passage is mainly about how adults and teenagers live together in a special group. （4 分）A. TB. F(2). The special program offered every winter in New York city. （4 分）A. TB. F(3). People will make more rules when someone breaks a rule. （4 分）A. TB. F(4). To find a way to solve the generation gap is NOT stated directly in the passage asa purpose of the program. （4 分）A. TB. F(5). Some teenagers learn photography when they are free. （4 分）A. TB. F三复合题（客观） (共3题，总分值30分 )22. An old friend from abroad, whom I was expecting 1 stay with me, telephoned from the airport to tell me he had arrived. I was still in the office at the time, but I had made arrangements 2 his arrival. I told him where my new flat was and explained that I had left the key under the door-mat. As I was likely to be home rather late, I advised him to go into the kitchen and help himself to food and drink. Two hours 3 my friend telephoned me from the flat. At the moment, he said, he was listening to my new records after having had a wonderful meal. He had fried two eggs and helped himself to the cold chicken from the refrigerator. He was now drinking a 4 of orange juice in the sitting room and hoped that I would join him. When I asked if he had any 5 finding the place, he answered that he had not been able to find the key under the door-mat, but fortunately the living-room window by the apple tree was left open and he had climbed in. I listened to all this in astonishment. I knew there was an apple tree in front of my neighbor's flat. （10 分）(1). （2 分）A. laterB. glassC. forD. troubleE. to(2). （2 分）A. laterB. glassC. forD. troubleE. to(3). （2 分）A. laterB. glassC. forD. troubleE. to(4). （2 分）A. laterB. glassC. forD. troubleE. to(5). （2 分）A. laterB. glassC. forD. troubleE. to23. In the eighteenth century, cities became larger and larger. People moved from the countryside and small towns to the 1 because there was more work for them to do in the cities.On Sundays and holidays, they liked to leave the cities and have a good time in the countryside. But not every 2 had a horse or a wagon（四轮马车）. People needed a simpler means of transportation.Inventors in many countries tried to solve this problem.The first bicycle, which was very simple, 3 in 1790. People called "the horse on wheel". Then in 1861, after many improvements being made, the bicycle became apractical 4 of transportation. People liked bikes because they weren't as expensive as horses and didn't need to be fed. They could go anywhere and were easy to 5 . （10 分）(1). （2 分）A. appearedB. citiesC. familyD. meansE. ride(2). （2 分）A. appearedB. citiesC. familyD. meansE. ride(3). （2 分）A. appearedB. citiesC. familyD. meansE. ride(4). （2 分）A. appearedB. citiesC. familyD. meansE. ride(5). （2 分）A. appearedB. citiesC. familyD. meansE. ride24. Social customs and ways of behaving are changing. __1__ was considered impolite many years ago is now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was thought to be impolite behavior for a man to smoke in the street. No man who thought of himself as being a gentleman __2__ a fool of himself by smoking when a woman was in the room.Customs __3__ from country to country, but the important thing __4__ is not to do anything that might make other people feel __5__, especially if they are your guests. You are expected to find a way to keep them from feeling foolish. （10 分）(1). （2 分）A. uncomfortableB. would makeC. to rememberD. whatE. vary(2). （2 分）A. uncomfortableB. would makeC. to rememberD. whatE. vary(3). （2 分）A. uncomfortableB. would makeC. to rememberD. whatE. vary(4). （2 分）A. uncomfortableB. would makeC. to rememberD. whatE. vary(5). （2 分）A. uncomfortableB. would makeC. to rememberD. whatE. vary四简答题 (共1题，总分值10分 )25. He was very happy to hear from his old friend. （10 分）。
2019年考研英语(一)真题解析
2019年考研英语一真题答案解析（完整版）Section I Use of English1、【答案】C. Few 【试题考点】词义辨析和上下文语境【解析】此题词义辨析和上下文语境。
首句为主题句：今天，我们生活在一个GPS系统，数字地图和其他导航应用程序都在我们的智能手机上唾手可得的世界。
空格所在句指出：我们中_____在没有电话，个人GPS或其他导航工具的情况下直接走进树林。
本句有without与few构成双重否定表肯定，根据语义应该填入few(几乎没有人)，符合文意。
2、【答案】C. run 【试题考点】词组搭配【解析】此题考查词组搭配。
run on battery表示手机用电池发动，运行。
其他选项：Put on (穿上;使运转);take on (承担;呈现);come on (快点;开始)，语义不通顺。
故正确答案为[C] run。
3、【答案】B. If 【试题考点】逻辑关系【解析】此题考查逻辑关系。
空格所在句译文：____你在没有电话或指南针的情况下迷路，____找不到北方，我们有一些技巧可以帮助你导航____文明。
此处为假设的情况，故填入if(如果)符合上下文的表达。
其余选项：Since (因为;自从), though (虽然), until (直到)带入后，语义不通顺。
故正确答案为[B] If。
4、【答案】D. literally 【试题考点】词义辨析【解析】空格所在句译文：____你在没有电话或指南针的情况下迷路，____找不到北方，我们有一些技巧可以帮助你导航____文明。
此处literally表示确实地，真正地，带入原文语义通顺：你的确找不到北方。
其余选项：Formally (正式地)，relatively(相对地)，gradually(逐渐地)带入后，语义不通顺。
故正确答案为[D] literally.5、【答案】A. back 【试题考点】词义辨析和上下文语境【解析】空格所在句译文：____你在没有电话或指南针的情况下迷路，____找不到北方，我们有一些技巧可以帮助你导航____文明。
英语(一)试题及答案
英语(一)试题及答案《英语(一)试题及答案》一、听力部分（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1. A) Bread. B) Beer. C) Butter. D) Bag.2. A) New York. B) Paris. C) London. D) Sydney.3. A) 4:10. B) 4:40. C) 5:10. D) 5:40.4. A) Scientist and doctor. B) Novelist and artist. C) Journalist and scientist. D) Doctor and artist.5. A) Via email. B) By telephone. C) Through letters.D) In person.6. A) 3. B) 13. C) 30. D) 31.7. A) The woman cannot attend the party. B) The woman is not invited to the party. C) The woman is looking forward to the party.D) The woman needs to help the man with the party.8. A) Disappointed. B) Worried. C) Pleased. D) Bored.9. A) The man should motivate the woman to work harder. B) The woman's presentation was not persuasive enough. C) The man disagrees with the woman's opinion. D) The woman did a great job in her presentation.10. A) 3. B) 8. C) 24. D) 80.11. A) She left early because her son was ill. B) She couldn't find a seat in the crowded theater. C) The play didn't meet her expectations.D) The play was sold out and she couldn't get tickets.12. A) He caught a cold and had to stay at home. B) He was unable to find a house to rent. C) He is looking for a roommate to share a house.D) He prefers living with a roommate rather than alone.13. A) He doesn't mind living on campus. B) He thinks living on campus is too expensive. C) He has already found an apartment off campus.D) He can't decide whether to live on or off campus.14. A) Improve her writing skills. B) Find a job. C) Take music lessons. D) Apply for a scholarship.15. A) Go to see a movie. B) Attend a class. C) Have a picnic. D) Go shopping.16. A) The painting is more expensive than the woman expected. B) The woman wants to hang the painting in the bedroom. C) The painting doesn't match the colors in the living room. D) The man will sell the painting at a lower price.17. A) The man is very impressed by the presentation. B) The man agrees to give the presentation. C) The man had already planned to give the presentation. D) The man won't be able to give the presentation.18. A) She couldn't borrow the book from the library. B) She didn't have enough money to buy the book. C) She didn't have time to read the book.D) She forgot to return the book to the library.19. A) A wireless printer. B) A computer network. C) An online bookstore. D) An electronic reader.20. A) Make alternative travel arrangements. B) Return the borrowed car on time. C) Delay the trip until the car is repaired. D) Take the car for repairs immediately.二、阅读理解部分（共20小题，每小题2分，共40分）A篇Most people believe that fish is the best food when it comes to brain development. Fish has a chemical called omega-3 fatty acid which is important for the brain. But it seems that fish is not the only food you should think about. There is a book called Brainpower Nutrition, in which a British author, Patrick Holford, explains how to develop your brain. It was published in 1999, and Mr. Holford said that a lot of foods, such as fruit, vegetables and seafood, could help with brain development.One of his tips is to eat more carbohydrates (碳水化合物). The brain consumes around 20 percent of the body’s energy. So you should never skip breakfast, because it gives you energy at the start of a day. Your breakfast should include fruit and carbohydrates, such as cereals and bread. People who want to develop their brain should also include minerals in their diet. Iron is necessary for brain development. Lean red meat, dried fruit, beans, fish and peas are all rich in iron and good for the brain.Another tip is to drink more water. Cells (细胞) in your brain need water to work. If you are very thirsty, water can make you feel happy. According to Mr. Holford, if you drink around 1.5 liters of water every day, your brainwill be more alert and your thinking will be clearer. However, thi s doesn’t mean that you can drink any liquid that has water in it, such as coffee, tea and juice. These are not replacements for water because they also contain caffeine (咖啡因) or sugar, which are not good for your brain.The last suggestion is to eat regularly. It’s better to eat five small meals a day than to eat three large meals. These small meals should include all the food groups, such as carbohydrates, protein and fat. By doing this, your blood sugar will stay normal and your brain will work well.根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
大学英语（一）Unit1课文译文和练习
大学英语（一）Unit1课文译文和练习Unit One TextHow to Adapt to College Life Quickly课文译文如何快速适应大学生活当你第一次进入大学的时候，你会发现，大学生活和高中生活有很大区别。
在高中，我们总是依靠家长和老师帮助我们解决各种困难问题。
然而在大学，我们只能依靠自己。
除此以外，我们必须学会如何与同学、室友和睦相处。
几乎每个大学新生都经历过不同程度的紧张和焦虑情绪。
但是不用担心，现在给你一些建议，希望能帮助你尽快适应大学生活。
1、记住，不是只有你有这种情况。
你宿舍的每个人都有同样的情况。
和他们说说你的恐惧和焦虑。
他们可能也有同样的感觉，并且很乐意向你倾诉他们的感觉。
2、走出你的宿舍。
上大学的好处在于你可以与新的面孔一起重新开始生活。
他们不会知道你的过去，他们只会知道你希望他们知道的事情。
因此，尝试新的事物，不要害怕，试着展现新的个性。
弄清楚真正的自己，弄清楚你希望成为什么样的人，这是最佳的时机。
3、制定详细的学习计划。
学习计划应该包括：你的短期目标，每个阶段要阅读什么书籍，参加哪些课外活动，以及你每天的活动安排。
这会有助于你充分利用业余时间。
4、不要忘记享受大学生活！在大学里，要过得愉快，结交新朋友，和学习新知识。
而寄宿就是一个很好的方式。
和朋友们消磨时间，和学习伙伴一起努力备考。
做疯狂的事情，照相留念，分享有趣的故事----快活地渡过。
你只年轻一次！记住，你的朋友和你的父母都离你不远，只要你打一个电话就行。
记住，每个人的适应时间都是不同的。
从容以对，但最重要的是，学有所成。
Section 3 写作参考词汇faculty 学院department 系/部，institute 学院/研究院campus 校园,laboratory/lab 实验室auditorium 会堂/礼堂, gymnasium 体育馆/健身室information desk 咨询处library 图书馆art center 艺术中心clinic 医务室laundry room 洗衣室dining hall 食堂common room 公共休息室Administration Office 管理办公室computer center 计算机网络中心Student Accommodation Center 学生住宿管理中心audio-visual resource center 音像资料中心Law School 法学院Medical School 医学院Business School 商学院Faculty of EnglishLanguage and Culture英语语言文化学院Faculty of ElectronicEngineering电子工程学院Chemistry Department 化学系Faculty of Social Studies 社会学学院Mathematics Department 数学系Physics Department 物理系Physical Science Department自然科学系Management Institute管理学院Education Institute 教育学院Students’ Union学生会society社团registration form注册表membership application会员资格申请Recreation Center娱乐室Sports Hall 体育馆Activity Room 活动室playing fields 比赛场地tennis court 网球场football field 足球场volleyball 排球badminton 羽毛球racket 球拍Task 3 Give brief answers to the following questions. (p4)1. How do students solve all kinds of difficult problems at college?Students have to rely on themselves.2. How do most college freshmen feel when they first enter college?They experience some level of nervousness and anxiety.3. What does a detailed study plan usually include?It should include a student’s short-term goals, what books to read at a certain stage, what extra curriculum activities to participate in and daily activities.4. What is college about according to the passage?College is about having fun and making new friends as well as learning new knowledge.5. What could new students do when they are in need of help to adjust to the new environment?Just give a phone call to their friends and parents who are always ready to help.6. How do you adapt to your college life?OpenTask 6 Read the English sentences and translate the Chinesesentences into English.( P6)1. What's more, we should learn to live independently.What's more, we lack necessary experience.2. Chances are that man will eventually land on Mars.Chances are that Grace will not come to the meeting.3. For this reason, many of his former friends turned against him.For this reason, I have decided to take teaching as my future career.4. This is a great time not only to learn new knowledge but also to developourselves in all aspects.This is a great time not only to relax oneself but also to experience new things.5. Reading English aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good.Cheating in an exam ruins one's personality.Section 4 Activity 2 Task 1 （p14）1) This is my friend Mary. She is a student at Binhai Technical School.这是我们的新老师史密斯先生，他来自澳大利亚。
大学英语一(习题答案)
大学英语一（1）单选题：1.When I first entered college as a freshman, I was afraid _______ I w as not able to do well in my studies.A. ofB. atC. butD. that2.I would have to make friends _____ them and perhaps also compete ____ __ them for grades.A. to…forB. with,withC. at…toD. to…to3.However, after a short period of time, I had my life ___________ control.A. inB. atC. underD. within4.I really was not certain what I would do with the years _________ me.A. in the front ofB. ahead ofC. out ofD. away from5.Louis’s father was a saddle maker who made items out ________ leather.A. fromB. byC. throughD. of6.It took the workers two years ___________ the bridge.A. buildingB. builtC. buildD. to build7.It suddenly came _________ me that Mary hates fish.A. forB. atC. towardD. to8.The news has already _________ all over the country.A. imitatedB. spreadC. shockedD. increased9.Women, _________ men, have the right to work.A. as soon asB. as long asC. as far asD. as well as10.I had to work hard to ____________ the other students.A. keep away fromB. keep up withC. keep backD. keep out多选题1.How did the author of A Transition Point in My Life manage his c ollege life?A. Set a study program.B. Buy some interesting books.C. Decide when to go to bedD. Go to class on time2.What mistakes did the writer of A Transition Point in My Life make at first?A. Taking his courses improperly.B. Using his time improperlyC. Staying in the dorm all dayD. Spending too much time making friends.3.What does Alexis Walton plan to do after his graduation after high school?A. Go to college.B. Pursue higher learningC. Begin a careerD. Make history in his family4.Devlin‘s Advice is written for the students _____________ .A. who have just finished their high school educationB. who have finished their college educationC. who have just entered collegeD. who were the freshmen in colleges5.Devlin‘s advice includes the pieces of _____________.A. being successfulB. enjoying your college lifeC. working hard at the subjects you don‘t likeD. taking college as the pre-life6.Braille was blind ________________.A. because he was born soB. because his father injured his eyes by accidentC. because he himself injured one of his eyes accidentally when he was threeD. because his good eye was infected and lost its sight7.How did Braille think about Charles Barbier‘s alphabet code?A. Complicated.B. The dashes took up much spaceC. UselessD. Slow to read8.According to Michael William, tomatoes were first found _____________ __.A. in North AmericaB. in Central AmericaC. in South AmericaD. growing wild in Peru9.Which of the following statement is true?A. A woman got fainted when biting a tomato.B. The courthouse tried the case whether tomatoes could be eatenC. Today‘s tomatoes are massively consumed at tables.D. Robert Johnson corrected the people‘s false attitude toward tomatoes.10.Flyer II was better than The Wright Flyer in that _____________.A. it had a stronger bodyB. its engine was more powerfulC. it could stay longer in the airD. it could change directions more easily是非题1.George is a very smart boy; he is one of the best student in hi s class.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）2.John was so comfortable and warm in bed that he didn’t want to get upY. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）3.The boy said that he wanted to be a computer scientist when he g rew upY. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）4.In additionally, I have something else to do this weekendY. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）5.“他们把数学老师视为他们最好的老师“的译文:They looked upon their math teacher as their best friend.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）6.My finger was injured when I tried to collect the broken glass by hand.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）7.I don‘t think quarrels will ever lead to any good results.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）8.Wanted very much to read himself, Louis decided to create a better way of readingfor the blindY. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）9.It is fitting that October 1, the birthday of the People’s Republ ic of China,is picked up as the National DayY. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）10.He is leaving for Beijing tomorrow morning.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）大学英语一（2）一、单选题1.__________ of us know what has happened in that place. It is no use asking us sucha question A. Few B. A few C. Little D. A little2.I send you my best wishes on ___________ of your silver wedding anniversaryA. occasionB. caseC. the caseD. the occasion3.There are so many reasons to say thank you. You were always there when you were ________A. neededB. needingC. to needD. need4.The film reminded him __________ what he had seen in ChinaA. toB. forC. atD. of5.Nothing could keep their son _________ going abroad.A. forB. ofC. fromD. out6.She was running __________ outside her house, shouting for help.A. from and toB. to and fromC. up and downD. down and up7.I prefer to live in the countryside ___________ spend a lot of time travelling to work every dayA. instead ofB. would ratherC. rather thanD. to8.Believe it or not, our foreign teacher is quite _____________ cooking Chinese dishes.A. skill forB. skilled atC. well atD. nice on9.Mary _______ for the Normans for six months now. She _________ the Normans‘ rooms every dayA. works, cleansB. has worked, is cleaningC. has worked, cleansD. has working, clean10.While I was sitting there, I examined every part of the room with my eyes“ can be changed into__________.A.While I sat there, examining every part of the room with my eyesB.I sat there, examined every part of the room with my eyesC.While sitting there, I examined every part of the room with my eyesD.I sitting there, I examined every part of the room with my eyes二、多选题1.When Bob Burns was a boy, he occasionally had ____________ on his bodyA. bumpsB. scrapesC. inkD. cuts2.What does Bob Burns think of his mother?A. Gentle.B. Hard on her children.C. Best mother.D. Helpful.3.Wyverne Flatt‘s four grandparents wanted to arrange for each kid to be placed _____________.A. in the neighbourhoodB. in an orphanageC. with a different uncle and auntD. with themselves4.Why did the man‘s business become so welcomed?A.He brought pleasure to his children.B.He got pleasure from his children.C.He served the customers pleasantly.D.His service was excellent5.Which of the following phrases describe the characters of Lisa‘s mother?A. A bargain shopper.B. Shy.C. Loving to socialize.D. Tolerant.6.Which of the following are the basic skills for running?A. Speed.B. EnduranceC. BalanceD. Gravity7.How to use gravity pull to save one‘s energy when running?A.Lean forward enoughB. Swing arms long to keep balanceC. Keep the leaning position in the entire courseD. Jump at times8.In Exercise: What Can It Do for You, people believe that exercise can help them become ________A. attractiveB. relaxedC. tallerD. healthy9.You can become relaxed by ___________.A. not smokingB. exerciseC. positive attitudeD. good diet10.If you have decided to begin your walking routine, you should ________A.pay attention to the weatherB. choose proper shoesC. set practical goalsD. find a good place三、是非题1.He didn‘t speak for long, but everyt hing he said was around the pointY. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）2.The monitor will be in charge when the teacher leaves the classroom.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）3. “The most difficult thing is to decide“ can be changed into “Not hing is so difficult as to decide“.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）4.During the winter I decided that I would grow tomatoes when summer cameY. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）5.The odd couple‘s personalities are quiet different.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）6.Most sports require athletes to be skilled at both speed or endurance.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）7.She seems so quiet, but actual she likes to talk.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）8.Tom was hit by a car when he was crossing the streetY. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）9.What about reducing stress by exercising?Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）10.The body doesn‘t really start burning its fat stores untill after 30 minutes of activity.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）大学英语一（3）单选题1.____________ the students request, the teacher has begun to give t hem more chances tospeak in class.A. To answer toB. To reply toC. In responsibility forD. In answer to2.The kid __________ his homework immediately after getting home from school.A. set upB. set toC. set offD. set out3.But I‘ve hidden a treasure in my orchard __________ you ___________.A. of，to findB. for，findC. of，findingD. for…to find4.The price was fair. And they ___________ the bargain delightedly.A. agreedB. deniedC. acceptD. struck5.I will pay you in pure gold ________ .A. to what I eatB. for what I eatC. to what do I eatD. for what do I eat6.He helped us entirely out of ________ , not for moneyA. kindB. kindlyC. kinderD. kindness7.After five miles, Tara felt tired and started to ___________A. leave behindB. keep behindC. stay behindlyD. fall behind8.Hurry up! Everyone is waiting ___________.A. for you finishing your make-upB. for you to finish your make-upC. for you to have finished your make-upD. for your finish9.It is part of a teacher‘s job _________ self-confidence _________ his or her students.A. to place ，onB. to put ，intoC. to instill，inD. to jam ，into10.Looking deep _______ his student‘s eyes, the teacher said seriously, “Tell me the truth.“A. atB. forC. ontoD. into多选题1.___________ believed it had always been a good orchard for years.A. The fatherB. One of the two sonsC. Both of the sonsD. Neither the father nor his two sons2.The treasure was supposed to have been hidden _____________ .A. right under the treesB. closely near the treesC. in the midway between two treesD. not too far from the t runks3.The orchard had a wonderful harvest after the father‘s death because __________ .A. the father had buried some treasure in itB. the weather was so favourableC. the two sons spent much time digging up the treasure without rea lizing they were in factcaring for the orchardD. no one disturbed them4.In The Golden Carambola Tree, the parents left ___________ to their two sons after their deathA. coinsB. goldC. housesD. land5.After exchanging（交换）his fortune with his younger brother, the greedy brother _________A. also found a chance to collect gold coins on the islandB. picked handfuls of coins for each piece of his fruitC. was brought home on the back of the phoenix successfullyD. had more than enough wealth, but he did not share it with his brother6.In Tracking Down My Dream, the writer __________.A. took part in a national meetB. took a 3200-meter raceC. had a strong desire to attend the sports meetD. fell be hind ever since the beginning7.The enthusiastic cheer at the ending of Ashley Hodgeson‘s race was _________ .A. for the boysB. for Ashley HodgesonC. as loud as the one for the first girl who passed the finish li neD. the loudest one she had ever heard8.The girl bumped into Ashley Hodgeson and said __________A. they were cheering for herB. Ashley Hodgeson had got courageC. she would have quit if she were Ashley HodgesonD. she would take Ashley Hodgeson as an example9.The world-class runner ___________ .A. was naughty(淘气的）in his boyhoodB. had suffered a serious burning injury when he was a boyC. his legs were nearly to be amputatedD. was trained to be a racing athlete by a doctor10.Socrates _________ .A. was the wisest of the townB. liked to teach his students by illustrationC. wanted to drown（溺死）the boyD. taught the boy how to survive when under water是非题1.This is the most difficult exercise he has yet done.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）2.I‘m tired of travelling; I ‘d like to settling down in a small town.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）3.We‘ d better start work straight away. Here, “straight away “means “directly off“.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）4.You will have to buy some new shoes as these are used up.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）5. Scientist are interested in finding out if or not the earth‘s temperature is beginning to riseY. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）6. I often mistake her as her sister on the phone.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）7.This book is as more interesting as the one I read last week.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）8.Several of the students was absent.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）9.It is time you cleaned out the drawers（抽屉）of your desk.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）10.The book is worthy of 15 dollars.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）大学英语一（4）单选题1.At that moment, few people ___________ the danger ahead.A. were awaring ofB. were aware ofC. were aware thatD. were aware for2.When the ticket collector（查票员）asked him to show his ticket, he pretended to _______ itin his pocket.A. fumble atB. fumble toC. fumble onD. fumble f or3.Time is urgent. We must finish the work today _________.A. in the caseB. in caseC. in no caseD. in any case4.It is this picture ________ I want to show you.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. how5.How can she lead a full and happy life if she feels we blame he r _______ her sister‘s deathA. atB. onC. inD. for6.Professors can only______for you to create learning through your ownactions.A. make a platformB. work out a stageC. set the stageD. set aside a room7.Adjusting your learning style______your teacher ‘s will be to your advantage.A. toB. atC. forD. with8.We ______ an old friend when we were having dinner at a restauran t.A. went acrossB. came acrossC. went crossD. came cross9.He works hard only before examinations. In fact, he is very lazy__ ________.A. sometimesB. other timeC. at other timesD. at times10.Successful language learners ____________ make mistakes and try agai n.A. willingB. are toC. areD. are willing to多选题1.In the jail cell, Antoine de Saint-Exuppery ___________.A. thought he would be executed the next dayB. felt nervous and upsetC. fumbled for a cigarette in his pocketD. asked the jailer if he had a light2.Both the jailor and Antoine de Saint-Exuppery ______________ .A. were captured soldiers in the warB. had tears in their eyes when talking about their kidsC. loved their kids deeplyD. escaped from the jail3.In Blameless, Jane‘s family was quite different from Kathy ‘s in that ________ .A. they didn‘t think it was important to place blameB. they had more childrenC. Jane‘s parents thought blame was bad for the growing-up of their childr en, or even fortheir whole lifeD. their children could drive cars4.In A Lady Named Lill, Lill found it hard to get a suitable job because ______A. English was her second languageB. she was not brave enoughC. her education and skills were limitedD. there were a lot of typists（打字员）to compete with her5.We can use ______________ to express “for many times“.A. over and overB. again and againC. time and time againD. now and then6.You can learn effectively by _________ .A. following the procedure（步骤）of preview →class →review →study →B. learning activelyC. learning concentrativelyD. learning time-fully7.Effective study skills and strategies can help you ___________.A. become a successful studentB. know yourself betterC. bring yourself all over the worldD. use time effectively8.In Maintaining Progress in Your English Studies, you are suggested _____ after class.A. to meet and help one another with review and testingB. to share what you have found useful with othersC. to compare notes on things you found difficultD. to get different learning ways from friends9.According to Maintaining Progress in Your English Studies, you might have the positive feeling of_______ in your study.A. satisfactionB. interestC. stimulationD. frustratio n10.According to Successful Language Learners, which are true about act ive learners?A. They will repeat what they here.B. They are willing to make mistakesC. They will not give up when communication is difficultD. They never communicate with each other in the language they are learning是非题1.He called out to the waiter, “Please bring me a cup water to dr ink.“Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）2.Five hours of sleep are not enough.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）3.He survived the fire but has some serious burn injuries.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）4.A group of young people raced by on their bikes. One or two of them even showed off their skills by riding on only one wheel.Y. 对(没有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）N. 错(有语法. 搭配或拼写等错误）5.“I‘m the least experienced of all the doctors here “can be translated into“我是这里经验不足的医生之一。
2023年考研英语一真题及答案完整解析(1)
2023年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）2023年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）Justice Antonin Scalia, for e某ample, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be _4_ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not _5_by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself _6_to the codeof conduct that _7_to the rest of the federal judiciary.This and other similar cases _8_the question of whether there is still a _9_between the court and politics.The framers of the Constitution envisioned law _10_having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions _11_they would be free to _12_ those in power and have no need to _13_ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely _14_.Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social _15_ like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it _16_ is inescapably political-which is why decisionssplit along ideological lines are so easily _17_ as unjust.The justices must _18_ doubts about the court’s legitimacy by making themselves _19_ to the code of conduct. That wouldmake rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, _20_, convincing as law.1. [A]emphasize [B]maintain [C]modify [D] recognize2.[A]when [B]lest [C]before [D] unless 3. [A]restored [B]weakened[C]established [D] eliminated5. [A]advanced [B]caught [C]bound [D]founded6. [A]resistant [B]subject [C]immune [D]prone7. [A]resorts [B]sticks [C]loads [D]applies 8. [A]evade[B]raise [C]deny [D]settle 9. [A]line [B]barrier [C]similarity [D]conflict2023年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）10. [A]by [B]as [C]though [D]towards 11. [A]so [B]since[C]provided [D]though 12. [A]serve [B]satisfy [C]upset[D]replace 13. [A]confirm [B]e某press [C]cultivate [D]offer 14.[A]guarded [B]followed [C]studied [D]tied 15. [A]concepts[B]theories [C]divisions [D]conceptions16. [A]e某cludes [B]questions [C]shapes [D]controls17. [A]dismissed [B]released [C]ranked [D]distorted 18.[A]suppress [B]e某ploit [C]address [D]ignore19. [A]accessible [B]amiable [C]agreeable [D]accountable 20.[A]by all mesns [B]atall costs [C]in a word [D]as a resultRosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of e某ample of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool. In South Africa, an HIV-prevention initiative known as LoveLife recruits young people to promote safe se某 among their peers.The idea seems promising，and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the lameness of many pubic-health campaigns is spot-on: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology.” Dare to be different, please don’t smoke!” pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers-teenagers, who desirenothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.But on the general effectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive. Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough e某ploration of thesocial and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. The most glaring flaw of the social cure as it’s presented here is that it doesn’t work very well for very long. Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut.Evidence that the LoveLife program produces lasting changes is limited and mi某ed.Far less certain, however, is how successfully e某perts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer theiractivities in virtuous d irections. It’s like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them2023年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）with better-behaved classmates. The tactic never really works. And that’s the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends.21. According to the first paragraph, peer pressure often emerges as [A] a supplement to the social cure [B] a stimulus to group dynamics [C] an obstacle to school progress [D] a cause of undesirable behaviors22. Rosenberg holds that public advocates should [A] recruit professional advertisers [B] learn from advertisers’ e某perience[D] recognize the limitations of advertisements23. In the author’s view, Rosenberg’s book fails to [A] adequately probe social and biological factors [B] effectively evade the flaws of the social cure [C] illustrate the functions of state funding [D]produce a long-lasting social effect24. Paragraph 5shows that our imitation of behaviors [A] is harmful to our networks of friends [B] will mislead behavioral studies [C] occurs without our realizing it [D] can produce negative health habits25. The author suggests in the last paragraph that theeffect of peer pressure is [A] harmful[B] desirable[C]profound[D] questionable2023年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）26. The phrase “reneging on”(Line 3.para.1) is closest in meaning to [A] condemning.[B] reaffirming.[C] dishonoring.[D] securing.27. By entering into the 2002 agreement, Entergy intended to[A] obtain protection from Vermont regulators. [B] seek favor from the federal legislature.[C] acquire an e某tension of its business license . [D] get permission to purchase a power plant.28. According to Paragraph 4, Entergy seems to have problems with its [A] managerial practices. [B] technical innovativeness.[C] financial goals. [D] business vision29. In the author’s view, the Vermont case will test [A] Entergy’s capacity to fulfill all its promises. [B] the mature of states’ patchwork regulations. [C] the federal authority over nuclear issues .[D] the limits of states’ power over nuclear issues.30. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that [A] Entergy’s business elsewhere might be affected. [B] the authority of the NRC will be defied.2023年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）[C] Entergy will withdraw its Plymouth application. [D] Vermont’s reputation might be damaged.31. According to the first paragraph, the process of discovery is characterized by its[B] misconception and deceptiveness. [C] logicality and objectivity.[D] systematicness and regularity.32. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that credibility process requires。
大学英语(一)试卷及答案1
一阅读理解 (共3题，总分值45分 )1. Herman had worked for the bank of Ruritania for ten years and was still only aclerk. He was not satisfied with the position and wanted to find something better.Yet he did not want to lose his position in bank before he had got another one, so he prepared a letter about himself, with the words "HELP! I AM A PRISONER OF THE BANK OF RURITANIA!" in big letters across the top. Then he sent it to several other banks, asking them for a job.A few days later, one of these letters came into the hands of Herman's boss at the bank; someone had given it to him at a party. The next morning, Herman's boss asked him to come into his room and said, "Herman, I have some very good news for you. The bank of Ruritania is setting you free!"（15 分）(1). Herman was not happy because he was in prison in the bank. （3 分）A. TB. F(2). Herman did not want to leave the Bank of Ruritania immediately because he had not found a better job yet. （3 分）A. TB. F(3). He wished some other bank to give him a better job. （3 分）A. TB. F(4). A few days later, Herman's boss found one of these letters in his office. （3 分）A. TB. F(5). The boss asked Herman to come into his room as he decided to fire him. （3 分）A. TB. F2. In 1801, Thomas Jefferson was the first president to take the oath of office in the nation's permanent capital, Washington D.C. Although Washington was a new city, it was already familiar to President Jefferson. In fact, Jefferson had helped plan the capital's streets and public buildings. Besides being a city planner and architect, the new President was a writer, a scientist, and the inventor of several tools.Jefferson lived in the Presidential Palace. The Palace was more than a home; it contained offices for the President and some of his staff and advisors. It also included dining and receptionrooms, where the President could entertain congressmen. However, President Jefferson did not give many formal parties. This was partly because there was no First Lady. Jefferson's wife had died in 1782. But it was also because Jefferson liked to live in a simple fashion. Once, he showed up for an important meeting wearing old clothes and slippers! Neither Washington nor Adams would ever have dressed so casually.Jefferson was different from the first two Presidents in other ways, too. He disagreed with them about how the country should be run, and about what part a President should play in running it.（15 分）(1). According to the passage, the Presidential Palace was built to be_________A_________. （3 分）A. an office building and homeB. a meeting place for congressmenC. a homeD. an office building(2). According to the passage, Thomas Jefferson was all of the followingexcept ________D__________. （3 分）A. a writerB. a city plannerC. the third president of the United StatesD. a carpenter(3). Thomas Jefferson did not entertain very often in Washington D.C.because ________C__________. （3 分）A. he did not have new clothesB. the food there was badC. he did not enjoy carefully prepared parties and there was no First LadyD. his wife did not like it(4). Which of the following statements about Washington D.C. is TRUE? （3 分）A. It was not the first capital of the United States.B. All the American presidents took the oath of office in Washington D.C.C. There were many old streets in WashingtonD.C. before 1801.D. Washington D.C. was planned by Thomas Jefferson.(5). It can be inferred from the passage that George Washington and John Adams both_______B___________. （3 分）A. lived in the Presidential PalaceB. were rather formal gentlemenC. were different from Thomas Jefferson only in how to run the countryD. dressed casually3. Chess must be one of the oldest games in the world. An Arab traveller in India in the year 900 wrote that it was played 'long, long ago.' Chess was probably invented in India, and it has been played everywhere from Japan to Europe since 1400. The name 'chess' is interesting. When one player is attacking the other's king, he says in English, 'check'. When the king has been caught and cannot move anywhere, he says 'check mate'. These words come from Persian 'Shah mat' means 'the king is dead'. That is when the game is over, and one player has won.Such an old game changes very slowly. The rules have not always been the same as they are now. For example, at one time the queen could only move one square at a time. Now she is the strongest piece on the board. It would be interesting to know why this has happened. Chess takes time and thought, but it is a game for all kinds of people. You don't have to be a champion in order to enjoy it. It is not always played by two people sitting at the same table. The first time the Americans beat the Russians was in a match played by radio. Some of the chess masters are able to play many people at the same time. The record was when one man played 400 games! It is said that some people played chess by post. This must make chess the slowest game in the world.（15 分）(1). Chess was played in India long before 900. （3 分）A. TB. F(2). One player has won the game when he attacks the other player's king. （3 分）A. TB. F(3). Chess is a game for all sorts of people. （3 分）A. TB. F(4). Only two people can play chess sitting at the same table.（3 分）A. TB. F(5). According to the old rules of the game, the king could not move anywhere. （3 分）A. TB. F二词汇与语法 (共5题，总分值10分 )4. The boy is not happy at the new school. He has _______A___________ friends there. （2 分）A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little5. I don't know ________B_________ to deal with such matter. （2 分）A. whatB. howC. whichD. /6. Tom __________A________ more than twenty pounds on the novel. （2 分）A. spentB. paidC. costD. took7. He ________A_________ driving me home, even though I told him I lived nearby. （2 分）A. insisted onB. insisted atC. insisted thatD. insisted in8. I fell and hurt myself while I _______A___________ basketball yesterday. （2 分）A. was playingB. am playingC. playD. played三交际英语 (共5题，总分值10分 )9. -How much is that meat, please?-_____________B_____________________________________ （2 分）A. Ten o'clock.B. Ten yuan a kilo.C. I like it very much.D. I don't like.10. - _______B__________?- It's Friday. （2 分）A. What day is it?B. What's the date today?C. What's the time?D. What time is it?11. - Can I borrow your digital camera for a couple of days?- ______C___________ （2 分）A. Yes, you may not borrow.B. Yes, go on.C. Sure, here you are. Enjoy your journey.D. It doesn't matter.12. - Good night and thanks again.- _______D__________ （2 分）A. You can't say that.B. No, no. It's what I can do.C. How can you say that.D. Good night.13. -How soon will your father fly to New York?-______________C____________________________________ （2 分）A. At 7.00 am.B. Last week.C. In three days.D. Twice a year.四英译汉 (共5题，总分值25分 )14. I slept soundly all night. （5 分）我整夜睡得很熟。
2020年8月全国自学考试00012《英语(一)》真题及答案
D001 • 00012（专卡）绝密＊启用前2020年8月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（一）（课程代码00012)本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。
考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上．必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。
第一部分：阅读判断（第1~10题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该旬提供的是正确信息，选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B:如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。
在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
The Yellow TreehouseWhenever I travel abroad, I try to eat out as much as possible in order to explore. t he local culture. Over the years, I have been to a great number of restaurants. Some of them have impressed me deeply. If I were to make a list of the most remarkable local restaurants, New Zealand's Yellow Treehouse would top my list.This restaurant is located in the woods ofWarkworth. It is about a 40-minute drive north of Auckland. It is a wooden tree house built ten meters above the ground on a Redwood tree. From the ground, it looks like a small onion-shaped knag（木节）in the middle of the tree trunk. The restaurant also has a narrow wooden bridge. It connects the restaurant with the neighboring trees. The place looks particularly pretty at night!Inside, the place feels quite different from what it looks like outside. It is spacious（宽敞的）and comfortable. What I like the most about the construction is that it is built entirely of natural materials. The restaurant can host up to 30 g uests at a time. It is a perfect place for a family celebration, like a wedding or a birthday party.D001 • 00012英语（一）试卷第1页（共8页）The cook of the place does a great job as well. The menu mainly consists of local food. Overall, the dinner is tasty, and the service attentive and polite. The place is really a must-see, or rather a must-eat-in.1.W hen I travel abroad, I often eat in restaurants.A. TrueB. FalseC.Not Given2.Yellow Treehouse impressed me the most among the local restaurants.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given3.Warkworth is a suitable place for restaurants.A.TrueB.False4.Yellow Treehouse lies in the center of A uckland.A. TrueB.False5.The night view of the restaurant is very attractive.A.TrueB.False6.The inside of the restaurant is narrow but comfortable.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given C.Not Given C.Not Given C. Not Given7.The best thing I like about the construction is its onion shape.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given8.The restaurant can serve more than 30 people at a time.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given9.M any local people choose to have parties in the restaurant.A. TrueB.FalseC.Not Given10.The restaurant takes good care of the customers.A.TrueB.FalseC. Not Given英语（一）试卷第2页（共8页）第二部分：阅读选择（第11~15题，每题2分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请从短文后所生各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。
全国公共英语等级考试英语一级（1级）试题含答案
全国公共英语等级考试英语一级（1级）模拟试题含答案第一节：单项选择从A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．1. ----- will you be able to finish the job this week? ----- ___________ , but I'm not skilled enough, you know. A.I can't say so B.I expect so C. I'm sure so D. I don't know so 2. We arrived at the station _______ late, or we the bus. A. too much; would catchB. a little too; had caught C. much too; would have caughtD. too much; would have caught 3. Is it the watch you want ________? A. to have it repairedB. to repair it C. to have repairedD. to have repaired it 4. The two thieves fled the town separately, _______ a bag. A. each carryingB. whose that watch is B. whose that watch isC. whose watch is that C. whose watch is that C. whose watch is thatD. whose watch is D. whose watch is 5. The little boy can't tell ________. A. whose is that watch B. whose that watch is C. whose watch is that D. whose watch is 6. If a baby bird stays _______ for two or three weeks after leaving the nest, it has a fair chance of becoming an adult. A. livingB. livelyC. aliveD. live 7. We will not attack ______ we are attacked;if attacked,we will certainly counter-attack. A. ifB. whenC. unlessD. even if 8. You can take ______ seat you like. A. no matter whatB. no matter whichC. whatD. whichever 9. I ______ to speak to you all these days. A. wantedB. have wantedC. shall wantD. shall be wanting 10.A burning cigarette he threw into the wastepaper basket ______ fire to the hotel. A. made B. set C. caused D. caught 11."Do you hear someone knocking at the door?" "Yes, I did. I heard him ______ three times." A. knocking B. knocked C. being knocking D. knock 12.Peter,John and Tom each ______. A. say they came first B. says they came first C. says he came first D. say came first 13.Through long power lines electricity goes ______. A. to the place needed B. there it is needed C. where it is needed D. which it is needed 14. ______ from the apple tree. A. It down fellB. there it is neededC. Down fell itD. Fell it down 15.The 15.The service service service in in in this this this restaurant restaurant restaurant is is is very very very poor;poor;there there are are are not not not enough enough enough waiters waiters waiters to to to wait wait wait ______ ______ customers. A. on B. for C. with D. to 第二节：完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A 、B 、C 、D 中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．Linda was a few minutes late. Wilson 16 the office when she got there. His secretary told her he 17 back in a few minutes. She 18 sit down and wait for a few minutes in outer office. "I'll never get this job," she 19 herself. For a moment she wanted to 20 the building. Just then, Wilson came 21 the door and hurried into his office. A few minutes 22 his secretary took Linda in and introduced her, Linda apologized 23 . Wilson didn't seem to 24 .They chatted casually (随便地) for a few seconds and then 25 . He 26 her letter of application. "You've never worked in radio or television before, 27 ? "he said. Now she was 28 that she would not get the job. Wilson asked her 29 questions. 30 he seemed impressed with her other qualifications(资格).She was 31 when he asked her if she could start soon. "I wonder if you'd mind 32 next month?" he asked 33 . 34 seemed she had got the job 35 . 16. A. had left B. has left C. was left D. would be leaving 17. A. had been B. came C. was D. would be 18. A. should B. had to C. would D. was able to 19. A. told B. spoke C. said D. talked 20. A. run out B run of C. run out of D. run away 21. A. through B. across C. cross D. along 22. A. latest B. last C. late D. later 23. A. to being late B. for being late C. to be late D. for the late 24. A. mind B. listen C. notice D. hear 25. 25. A. A. A. took took took down down down with with with business business B. B. came came came down down down to to to business business C. C. settled settled settled down down down with with business D. got down to business 26. filled out B. took out C. sent out D. threw away 27. A. haven't you B. do you C. have you D. don't you 28. A. even more sure B. much sure C. even sure of D. sure of 29. A. a few such B. a few more C. much a few D. more a few 30. A. As her surprise B. To her surprised C. For her surprised D. To her surprise 31. 31. A. A. A. even even even more more more surprise surprise B. B. even even even much much much surprise surprise C. C. even even even more more more surprised surprised D. even much surprised 32. A. starting B. to start C. start D. started 33. A. by a smile B. with a smile C. by smile D. with smile 34. A. It B. This C. That D. He 35. A. not at all B. after all C. all D. after that 第三部分：阅读理解第三部分：阅读理解阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B 、C 和D ）中,选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2019考研英语一阅读理解真题及答案解析（text1）
2019考研英语一阅读理解真题及答案解析(text1) 2019年考研英语一阅读理解真题已公布，为大家提供2019考研英语一阅读理解真题及答案解析研英语一阅读理解真题及答案解析(text1)(text1)(text1)，一起来学习一下吧！，一起来学习一下吧！ Text 1Financial regulators in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks. Starting next year, any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing. The main purpose of this this ““clawback clawback”” rule is to hold bankers aountable for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institution. Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit: more long term decision-making not only by banks but but by by all all corporations, corporations, corporations, to to build a stronger stronger economy economy for future generations.“Short-termism Short-termism”” or the desire for quick profits, has worsened in publicly traded panies, says the Bank of England England’’s top economist. Andrew Haldane. He quotes a giant of classical economics, Alfred Marshall, in describing this financial impatience impatience as as acting like like ““Children Children who who pick the plums out of their pudding to eat them at once their pudding to eat them at once”” rather than putting them aside to be eaten last.The average time for holding a stock in both the United States and Britain, he notes, has dropped from seven years to seven months in recent decades. Transient investors, who demand high quarterly profits from panies, can hinder a firm firm’’sefforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty. This has been dubbed This has been dubbed ““quarterly capitalism quarterly capitalism””In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities, quicker use of information, and thus shorters attention spans in financial markets. "There seems to be a predominance of short-term thinking at the expense of long-term investing,long-term investing,”” said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in a speech this week. In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Acl of xx has pushed most public panies to defer performance bonuses for seniorexecutives by about a year, slightly helping reduce “short -termism .-termism .”” In its latest survey of CEO pay ,The Wall Street Journal finds that that ““a substantial part part ”” of executive pay is now tied to performance .Much more could be done to encourage Much more could be done to encourage ““long-termism long-termism，”，” such as changes in the tax code and quicker disclosure of stock acquisitions. In France, shareholders who hold onto a panyinvestment for at least two years can sometimes earn more voting rights in a pany.Within panies, the right pensation design can provide incentives for executives to think beyond their own time at the pany and on behalf of all stakeholders. Britain's new rule is a reminder to bankers that society has an interest in their performance, not just for the short term but for the long term.21. Aording to Paragraph 1, one motive in imposing the new rule is theA. enhance bankers A. enhance bankers’’ sense of responsibilityB. help corporations achieve larger profitsC. build a new system of financial regulationD. guarantee the bonuses of top executives22. Alfred Marshall is quoted to indicateA. the conditions for generating quick profitsB. governments B. governments’’ impatience in decision-makingC. the solid structure of publicly traded paniesD. D. ““short-termism short-termism”” in economic activities23. It is argued that the influence of transient investment on public panies can beA. indirectB. adverseC. minimalD. temporary24. The US and France examples and used to illustrateA. the obstacles to preventing A. the obstacles to preventing ““short-termism short-termism””.B. the significance of long-term thinking.C. the approaches to promoting C. the approaches to promoting ““long-termism long-termism””.D. the prevalence of short-term thinking.25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Failure of Quarterly CapitalismB. Patience as a Corporate VirtueC. Decisiveness Required of Top ExecutivesD. Frustration of Risk-taking Bankers21. 21. 答案【答案【答案【A A 】 enhance bankers enhance bankers’’sense of responsibility 解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。
考研英语(一)真题答案完整版
考研英语(一)真题答案完整版_考研英语(一)真题参考答案完整版Section I Use of English1. C few2. C run3. B If4. D literally5. A back6. B off7. D unfamiliar8. C way9. A so_. D eventually _. A surprised _. B option_. D For e_ample _. C spot_. B through_. D breaks_. A artificial _. A Finally_. B mark_. C leadSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ATe_t 1_. A enhance banker s sense of responsibility _. D short-termism in economic activities23. B adverse24. C the approaches to promoting long-termism25. B Patience as a Corporate VirtueTe_t 226. D The influence of consumer culture27. A To help freshmen adapt to college learning28. A obtain more financial support29. C to be identical with each other30. C analyzing the causes behind itTe_t 331. C involves some concerns raised by AI today32. D is too limited for us to reproduce it33. B is still beyond our capacity34. A affirmation35. C The conscience of AI:Comple_ But InevitableTe_t 436. C make more online shopper pay sale ta_37. D were considered unfavorable by states38. C harmed fair market competition39. B big-chain owners40. A gives a factual account of it and discuss its consequences Part B新题型41. E42. D43. G44. B45. APart CTranslation46. 医学期刊中存在大量由广播公司和新闻媒体报道的这种无稽之谈,这会导致健康恐慌和短暂的饮食狂热.47. 如今,任何申请研究职位的人都必须发表两倍于_年前同一职位所需的论文数量.48.人们已经做出努力来遏制这种倾向,即将一些质量和数量纳入申请人发表的论文的评估当中.49.如果不是因为科学家们可以很容易地在未来的出版物中引用自己,或者让同事为他们这样做以换取类似的好处,这将是合理的.46. 如果我们想认真确保科学既有意义又可再生,那么我们必须确保我们的制度可以激励这种科学的发展.Section Ⅲ WritingPart A47. 参考范文:Dear Sir ,It is appreciated to know from your letter of Dec._ that you applied for our Aiding Rural Primary School program. Thanks for your interest in teaching application. Following is a brief introduction of this program and some detailed instructions which may help you have a clear clue.This international program aims to help the students in the distant areas. It has been _ years since it was set up. Now we have more than 1__ volunteers for over 30 schools, ranging from Asia to Europe. First, volunteer teachers are e_pected to have a plan for his or her teaching. Second, each teacher is required to have office hours for questions from students, four hours a week, from Monday to Friday.I am sure that you would have a good time and make many new friends here. All of the teachers here are caring persons and this e_perience is e_pected to be an enjoyable journey and a good memory for you later. Please contact me immediately if there is any question. Best wishes to you.Yours sincerely,Li MingPart B48. 参考范文:Vividly illustrated in the above picture are two young college students climbing a famous mountain. One student, sitting on the steps too tired to continue climbing, said, I m too tired and don t want to climb any more. Another one, however, gave him a bottle of water and encouraged him to have a rest and then go on climbing. The caption under the picture reads, On the way to the top of a mountain .The cartoon reflects a common phenomenon that perseverance is an indispensable part of our lives, which has aroused wide public concerns and provoked heated discussions recently. No one would deny that, perseverance is truly the fundamental attribute of top performers, which separates the high achievers from the rest of the pack. After years of research, Prof. Liu, a leading authority in sociology, once stated, It was by sticking to what they were aiming to that some famous leaders in the history created incredible miracles, like win a great war or establish a great empire from scratch. Besides, a great e_ample of benefits of perseverance would be the success story of Jack Ma. He had no educational background in technology and didn t have a degree from any top-tier University, but he became a dot-com billionaire with his persistent innovation in online market place.As far as a qualified college student is concerned, I firmly believe that we can profit a lot from the spirit of perseverance. For my part, I would never lose any chance to insist when encountering the problems andsetbacks. Besides, I would strongly appeal to my fellow classmates to develop such a valuable spirit as perseverance to face the challenges and hardships.。
考研英语（一）模拟试题一
考研英语（⼀）模拟试题⼀考研英语（⼀）模拟试题⼀Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Black death that drove Newton from his college and into a momentous discovery, 1 England in 1665. Astronomical records of the time show that 2 was a year of intense sunspot activity, and studies of annual tree 3 , which are wider when the sun is disturbed, 4 that the terrible plague of 1348 was 5 accompanied by an active sun.This sounds incredible, 6 we now have evidence that the sun has a direct effect on some of our body 7 . Over 120 000 tests were made on people in a Black Sea 8 to measure the number of lymphocytes in their blood. These small cells normally 9 between 20 and 25 percent of man's white blood cells, but in years of great solar activity this 10 decreases. There was a big drop during the sunspot years of 1986 and 1987, and number of people 11 from diseases caused by a lymphocyte deficiency 12 doubled during the tremendous solar explosion of February 1986.Many of the body's 13 seem to be influenced by sun-induced changes in the earth's magnetic 14 . If this is so, one 15 to find that the nervous system, which depends on electrical stimuli, would be the most 16 . A study of 5 580 coal-mine accidents 17 the Ruhr river shows that most occurred on the day following solar activity. Studies of traffic accidents in Russia and in Germany show that these increase, by as much as four 18 the average, on days after the 19 of a solar flare. This suggests that accidents may be 20 a disturbance deeper than a simple decrease in reaction time. These results make it clear that man in, among other things,a remarkably sensitive living sundial.1. [A] blanketed [B] swept [C] covered [D] spread2. [A] this [B] such [C] so [D] either3. [A] rings [B] cycles [C] circles [D] rounds4. [A] survey [B] reveal [C] predict [D] release5. [A] still [B] even [C] then [D] also6. [A] but [B] because [C] unless [D] when7. [A] chemistry [B] construction [C] physiology [D] constitution8. [A] retreat [B] reserve [C] resort [D] refuge9. [A] put in [B] take over [C] make up [D] set off10. [A] number [B] figure [C] share [D] proportion11. [A] suffered [B] suffer [C] suffering [D] to suffer12. [A] unexpectedly [B] actually [C] disappointedly [D] practically13. [A] performances [B] operations [C] functions [D] workings14. [A] environment [B] field [C] layer [D] shell15. [A] would expect [B] expects [C] expect [D] expected16. [A] affected [B] respected [C] protected [D] connected17. [A] beside [B] at [C] by [D] on18. [A] times above [B] time [C] times in [D]times19. [A] formation [B] explosion [C] eruption [D]propulsion20. [A] due to [B] apt for [C] all but [D] prior toSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Over the last decade, demand for the most common cosmetic surgery procedures, like breast enlargements and nose jobs, has increased by more than 400 percent. According to Dr. Dai Davies, of the Plastic Surgery Partnership in Hammersmith, the majority of cosmetic surgery patients are not chasing physical perfection. Rather, they are driven to fantastic lengths to improve their appearance by a desire to look normal. "What we all crave is to look normal, and normal is what is prescribed by the advertising media and other external pressures. They give us look like that.In America, the debate is no longer about whether surgery is normal; rather, it centers on what age people should be before going under the knife. New York surgeon Dr. Gerard Imber recommends "maintenance" work for people in their thirties. "The idea of waiting until one needs a heroic transformation is silly," he says. "By then, you've wasted 20 great years of your life and allowed things to get out of hand." Dr. Imber draws the line at operating on people who are under 18, however, "It seems that someone we don't consider old enough to order a drink shouldn't be considering plastic surgery."In the UK cosmetic surgery has long been seen as the exclusive domain of the very rich and famous. But the proportionate cost of treatment has fallen substantially, bringing all but the most advanced laser technology within the reach of most people. Dr. Davies, who claims to "cater for the average person", agrees. He says: "I treat a few of the rich and famous and an awful lot of secretaries. Of course, ￡3, 000 for an operation is a lot of money. But it is also an investment for life which costs about half the price of a good family holiday."Dr. Davies suspects that the increasing sophistication of the fat injecting and removal techniques that allow patients to be treated with a local anaesthetic in an afternoon has also helped promote the popularity of cosmetic surgery. Yet, as one woman who recently paid ￡2,500for liposuction to remove fat from her thighs admitted, the slope to becoming a cosmetic surgery Veteran is a deceptively gentle one. "I had my legs done because they'd been bugging me for years. But going into the clinic was so low key and effective it whetted my appetite. Now I don't think there's any operation that I would rule out having if I could afford it."21. According to the text, the reason for cosmetic surgery is to[A] be physically healthy.[B] look more normal.[C] satisfy appetite.[D] be accepted by media.22. According to the third paragraph, Dr. Davies implies that[A] cosmetic surgery, though costly, is worth having.[B] cosmetic surgery is too expensive.[C] cosmetic surgery is necessary even for the average person.[D] cosmetic surgery is mainly for the rich and famous.23. The statement "draws the line at operating on people" (para. 2) is closest in meaning to[A] removing wrinkles from the face.[B] helping people make up.[C] enjoying operating.[D] refusing to operate.24. It can be inferred from the text that[A] it is wise to have cosmetic surgery under 18.[B] cosmetic surgery is now much easier.[C] people tend to abuse cosmetic surgery.[D] the earlier people have cosmetic surgery, the better they will be.25. The text is mainly about[A] the advantage of having cosmetic surgery.[B] what kind of people should have cosmetic surgery.[C] the reason why cosmetic surgery is so popular.[D] the disadvantage of having cosmetic surgery.Text 2In nature as in culture, diversity can be a difficult concept. Understanding it is one thing, accepting it another, especially when diversity means not only acknowledging a pre-existing mixture of difference--the very ampleness of the world--but also accommodating an adjustment to the existing state of things. A case in point is the reintroduction of gray wolves in Yellowstone national Park. Thirty-three wolves were released in 1995, and their number has now reached 97. Population expansion is one measure of the wolf program's success, but a better one is the wolves' impact on the natural diversity of the park.Typically, a pack of the Yellowstone wolves kills a big deer very few days. But over the remains the wolves abandon, a wonderful new diversity has emerged. Since their arrival, wolves have killed many of the park's coyotes (丛林郎), a smaller kind of wolf. The reduction in coyotes has caused an increase in rodents such as mice, rabbits and squirrels, which also benefits a wide range of predators. Even the coyotes that live at the margins of wolf country have prospered, thanks to the leftovers the wolves leave behind. So do grizzly bears, which feed on wolf-kilted deer before beginning hibernation or winter sleep.What has interested scientists is the swiftness, the dynamism, of this shift in diversity. There has been, however, no matching dynamism in the opinion of humans who oppose the wolf reintroduction. That was made plain by a Federal district judge's recent order to "remove" the wolves, the result or a legal process that is the offspring of inflexibility. Several livestock groups, including the Wyoming Farm Bureau, had filed a suit that urged, in slightly cleverer terms, the old proposition, no wolves, no problems. Several environmental groups had flied a separate lawsuit--unconnected to the Yellowstone wolves--protesting the dropping of legal protection forwolves that were recolonizing Idaho. The two suits were unfortunately merged.Though Judge William Downes stayed his own decision, pending appeal, his judgment is a sad encouragement to the mistaken defensiveness of most ranchers or cattle farmers. It is also a misunderstanding of the purpose of the environmentalists' suit. His decision needs to be swiftly and decisively overturned on appeal. It is no exaggeration to say that since the return of the wolves, Yellowstone has witnessed an economy of diversity from which human culture--including the culture of ranching---can directly profit, if only it chooses to do so.26. Since the arrival of 33 wolves in the Yellowstone National Park,[A] a dynamic biological chain has started to function[B] animals kept in the park have had enough food[C] some animals that are not wanted have been vanishing[D] the attraction of the park is greatly increased27. The author thinks it unfortunate that the judge should[A] make efforts to accept suits with regard to old issues.[B] make use of legal means to protect his own interests.[C] mix up two irrelevant suits and make wolves the victims.[D] support the protest against canceling legal protections for wolves.28. The author believes that Judge William Downes was obviously on the side of[A] the Yellowstone Park[B] livestock groups[C] environmental groups[D] federal laws29. Commenting on the Yellowstone Park wolf program, the author[A] urges the district judge to reverse his recent order.[B] criticizes the attitude of environmental groups.[C] calls on the people to protect wolves everywhere[D] speaks for the interests of most cattle farmers.30. According to the author, the protection of wolves will[A] bring about an economic boom to the surrounding farms and ranches[B] cause bigger losses of livestock to the Park's neighboring farms[C] lead to a number of controversies in the society[D] prove to be beneficial to all parties concernedText 3Vinton Cerf, known as the father of the Internet, said on Wednesday that the Web was outgrowing the planet Earth and the time had come to take the information superhighway to outer space."The Internet is growing quickly, and we still have a lot of work to do to cover the planet," Cerf told the first day of the annual conference of the Internet Society in Geneva where more than 1,500 cyberspace fans have gathered to seek answers to questions about the tangled web of the Internet.Cerf believed that it would soon be possible to send real-time science data on the Internet from a space mission orbiting another planet such as Mars. "There is now an effort under way to design and build an interplanetary Internet. The space research community is coming closer and closer andmerging. We think that we will see interplanetary Internet networks that look very much like the ones we use today. We will need interplanetary gateways and there will be protocols to transmit data between these gateways," Cerf said.Francois Fluckiger, a scientist attending the conference from the European Particle Physics Laboratory near Geneva, was not entirely convinced, saying: "We need dreams like this. But I don't know any Martian whom I'd like to communicate with through the Internet."Cerf has been working with NASA's Pasadena Jet Propulsion Laboratory--the people behind the recent Mars expedition--to design what he calls an "interplanetary Internet protocol." He believes that astronauts will want to use the Internet, although special problems remain with interference and delay."This is quite real. The effort is becoming extraordinarily concrete over the next few months because the next Mars mission is in planning stages now," Cerf told the conference."If we use domain names like Earth or Mars...jet propulsion laboratory people would be coming together with people from the Internet community." He added."The idea is to take the interplanetary Internet design and make it a part of the infrastructure of the Mars mission."He later told a news conference that designing this system now would prepare mankind for future technological advances. "The whole idea is to create an architecture so the design woks anywhere. I don't know where we're going to have to put it but my guess is that we'll be going out there some time," Cerf said."If you think 100 years from now, it is entirely possible that what will be purely research 50 years from now will become commercial 100 years from now. The Internet was the same-----it started as pure research but now it is commercialized."31. Which of the following is the main point of the text?[A] The development of the internet.[B] The possibility of space research.[C] Universal information superhighway.[D] The technological advances of Mars mission.32. From the text, we learn that Vinton Cerf is[A] seeking answers to questions about the internet web.[B] working on interplanetary internet with collaborations of NASA.[C] trying to commercialize the interplanetary internet.[D] exploring the possibility of establishing internet network on Mars.33. We know from the text that Mars mission is[A] one of NASA's internet projects:[B] an expedition to Mars.[C] the infrastructure of the interplanetary internet.[D] to create an architecture on Mars..34. According to Cerf, the purpose to design interplanetary internet is to[A] send real-time science data.[B] communicate with astronauts.[C] lay foundation for future technological advances.[D] commercialize it.35. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that[A] the dream to build interplanetary internet can be fulfilled in the future.[B] interplanetary internet will commercialized in 100 years.[C] the research of internet took 50 years.[D] it will take a long time to build interplanetary internet.Text 4Material culture refers to the touchable, material "things"--Physical objects that can be seen, held, felt, used--that a culture produces. Examining a culture's tools and technology can tell us about the group's history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture. The most vivid body of "thing" in it, of course, are musical instruments. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments on the symphony orchestra.Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole.Music is deep-rooted in the cultural background that fosters it. We now pay more and more attention to traditional or ethnic features in folk music and are willing to preserve the fold music as we do with many traditional cultural heritage. Musicians all over the world are busy with recording classic music in their country for the sake of their unique culture. As always, people's aspiration will always focus on their individuality rather than universal features that are shared by all cultures alike.One more important part of music's material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media--radio, record player, tape recorder, and television, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the "information-revolution", a twentieth-century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modem nations; they have affected music cultures all over the globe.36. Which of the following does not belong to material culture?[A] Instruments.[B] Music.[C] Paintings. [D]Sheet music.37. The word "phonograph" (line 6, Paragraph 1) most probably means[A] record player.[BI radio.[C] musical technique.[D] music culture.38. The main idea of the first paragraph is[A] the importance of cultural tools and technology.[B] the cultural influence of the development of civilization.[C] the focus of the study of the material culture of music.[D] the significance of the research into the musical instruments.39. Which of the following is not an advantage of printed music?[A] Reading of music notation has a great impact on musicians.[B] People may draw inspiration from it.[C] the music culture will be influenced by it in the end.[D] Songs tend to be standardized by it.40. From the third paragraph, we may infer that[A] traditional cultural heritage is worthy of preservation.[B] the universal features shared by all cultures aren't worthy of notice.[C]musicians pay more attention to the preservation of traditional music[D] the more developed a culture, the more valuable the music it has fostered.Part BDirections: In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41--45, choose the most suitable one from the list A--G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices that do not fit in any of the gaps: Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)HUMANS like to regard themselves as exceptional. Other animals do not have complex, syntactical languages. Nor do most of them appear to enjoy the same level of consciousness that people do. And many philosophers believe humans are theonly species which understands that others have their own personal thoughts. That understanding is known in the trade as having a "theory of mind", and it is considered the gateway to such cherished human qualities as empathy and deception. 41)In the Proceedings of the Royal Society, Bernd Heinrich and Thomas Bugnyar of the University of Vermont, in Burlington, describe a series of experiments they have carried out on ravens. They wanted to see how these birds, which are known to be (at least by avian standards) both clever and sociable, would respond to human gaze.42)To test whether ravens could follow gaze, Dr Heinrich and Dr Bugnyar used six six-month-old hand-reared ravens, and one four-year-old. The birds were sat, one at a time, on a perch on one side of a room divided by a barrier. An experimenter sat about a metre in front of the barrier. The experimenter moved his head and eyes in a particular direction and gazed for 30 seconds before looking away. Sometimes he gazed up, sometimes to the part of the room where the bird sat, and sometimes to the part of the room hidden behind the barrier. The experiment was videotaped.43) . In the latter case, the curious birds either jumped down from the perch and walked around the barrier to have a look or leapt on top of it and peeredover. There was never anything there, but they were determined to see for themselves.A suggestive result, but not, perhaps, a conclusive one. 44)In this case, the observation was pleasantly unexpected. Dr Bugnyar was conducting an experiment designed to see what ravens learn from each other while foraging. While doing so he noticed strange interactions between two males, Hugin, a subordinate bird, and Munin, a dominant one.45) . The subordinate male was far better at this task than the dominant. However, he never managed to gulp down more than a few pieces of the reward before the dominant raven, Munin, was hustling him on his way. Clearly (and not unexpectedly) ravens are able to learn about food sources from one another. They are also able to bully each other to gain access to that food.But then something unexpected happened. Hugin, the subordinate, tried a new strategy. As soon as Munin bullied him, he headed over to a set of empty containers, prised the lids off them enthusiastically, and pretended to eat. Munin followed, whereupon Hugin returned to the loaded containers and ate his fill.[A] Response to gaze is reckoned to be a good measure of the development of theory of mind inhuman children. By about 18 months of age most children are able to follow the gaze of another person, and infer things about the gazer from it. Failure to develop this trick is an early symptom of autism, a syndrome whose main underlying feature is an inability to understand that other people have minds, too.[B] However, the second study, carried out by Dr Bugnyar when he was working at the Universityof Austria, and published last month in Animal Cognition, suggests that ravens may have mastered the art of deception too.[C] As it happened, Munin was no dummy either. He soon grew wise to the tactic, and would not beled astray. He even stooped to trying to find the food rewards on his own! This made Hugin furious. "He got very angry", says Dr Bugnyar, "and started throwing things around." Perhaps ravens have something else in common with people--a hatred of being found out.[D] Biologists have learned to treat such assertions with caution. In particular, they have foundevidence of theories of mind in a range of mammals, from gorillas to goats. But two recent studies suggest that even mammalian studies may be looking at the question too narrowly. Birds, it seems, can have theories of mind, too.[E] Dr Heinrich and Dr Bugnyar found that all the birds were able to follow the gaze of theexperimenters, even beyond the barrier.[F] At first Dr Bugnyar could not believe what he was seeing. He was anxious about sharing hisobservation, for fear that no one would believe him. But Hugin, he is convinced, was clearly misleading Munin.[G] The task was to work out which colour-coded film containers held some bits of cheese, thenprise the containers open and eat the contents.Part CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points).....As a neutral nation, Switzerland escaped much of the horrors of World War II. (46) While Europe was being ravaged by Hitler's Nazi war machine, the Swiss went about their business living as normal a life as they could amid what would be remembered as the worst war in history.But neutrality in a world war is a myth. Although guns and tanks may not roll across the hills of a "neutral nation", other aspects of war are conducted there just the same. During World War II, Switzerland was used as a base by many Allied spies. (47) International Jewish organizations operated out of Swiss cities, and many Swiss citizens and companies worked for the allies, providing them with information and materials.But just as Switzerland helped support the Allied war effort, so did the Nazis benefit from their association with their "neutral" neighbor. Recently classified documents from US archives reveal that the Nazis stored millions of dollars' worth of gold in Swiss banks. One particular document, given to Allied negotiators after the war, estimates that almost $ 400 million worth of gold--nearly two billion dollars at today's prices--was sent to Switzerland between 1939 and 1945.(48) For decades, Jewish groups have been trying to force Swiss bankers to open their files to public scrutiny, but with limited success. (49) Just over 30 years ago, the Swiss government did take some action by instructing the country's banks to return any unasserted accounts belonging to foreigners who had been "prosecuted for racial, religious or political reasons". The banks responded by releasing about $ 5 million of which about $ 2 million was given to deserving Jewish causes.(50) But for investigators, these paltry sums of money did not come close to accounting for the millions they believe the Nazis had deposited in Swiss banks. Jewish groups continued to demand that proper searching investigations be carried out. Section III WritingPart A51. Directions: Suppose you are in charge of a library in a city. You received a few letters complaining the crowded condition of your library. Write a letter to one of the complainers which includes the following points:1) acknowledge the complaints,2) suggest alternatives to avoid the crowdedness,3) express your appreciation for the comment.You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead.You do not need to write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions: Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay of 160--200 words. Your essay should meet the following requirements:1) interpret the meaning of the cartoon;2) give your comments on the phenomenon.(20 points)考研英语（⼀）模拟试题参考答案Section I Use of EnglishBAABD；AACCD；CBCBA；ADDCA Section II Reading ComprehensionPart A:Text 1: BADBC; Text2: ACBAD;Text3: CBBCA; Text4: BADDAPart B: D，A，E，B，GPart C:1. 当欧洲惨遭希特勒战争机器蹂躏的时候，瑞⼠⼈则忙着⾃⼰的事，在历史记忆⾥最为残酷的战争中尽其所能地过着正常的⽣活。
2019考研英语(一)真题阅读理解详细解析(完整版)(解析版)
第1段:英国对其高管推行新规定，鼓励“长期效益主义”；第2段~4段：短期效益主义；（短期效益占主流、短期效益主义的弊端、美国短期效益占主导地位）第5~6段：列举美法推行“长期效益主义”的措施；第7段：英国新规定提醒银行高管重视“长期效益”；（【兔子考研】微信公众号）1,one motive in imposing is the_________.22.Alfred Marshall is quoted to23.It is argued that the influence be__________.24.The US and France examples are used to illustrate____________.25.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?由楼上题干分析可知，此篇文章围绕长期效益和短期效益展开论述。
❶Financial regulations in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks.❷Starting next year,any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed10years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing.❸The main purpose of this“clawback”rule is to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institution.❹Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit:more long term decision-making not only byeconomy for future generations.have（强调新规其不同寻常）on the bosses of big banks.❷Starting next（高管的保证金）of top if their banks areunder investigation for❸主要目的和次要目的）of this“clawback”rule is to hold bankers accountable for harmfulrisk-taking and to restore.（转折之后为重点，重点往往是考点）officials also hope for a much larger点）more long term decision-making not only by banks but by all corporations,to build a stronger economy for future generations.（【兔子考研】微信公众号）翻译：❶英国的金融法规对大银行的老板实施了一项不寻常的规定。
2020年考研英语(一)真题~阅读理解答案
2020年考研英语（一）阅读理解答案Text121C这道题是细节题。
题干问库珀和她的同事们认为“文化之城”这一奖项可能会怎样可以定位在第一段第三句：“Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull,……”“赫尔之冠”的成功并不局限于城市，它为赫尔带来了2.2亿欧元的投资和大量艺术作品。
英国的城镇，确实没有被阻止申请，但他们通常缺乏资源来凑齐一点来击败他们更大的竞争对手。
有人认为，“文化之城”奖可以成为一项年度活动，吸引资金并创造就业机会。
所以能看出答案是C.增强英国城镇的经济实力。
22B该题是推断题,题干问:根据第二段，这一提议或许会被一些人认为是…….。
可以定位在第二段第一句“Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that……”“有些人可能会把这个提议看作是一个嘘声，因为英国已经不能再申请更有声望的欧洲文化之都的称号了……”能看出来有些人是持反面态度的。
很多人不认识boo，但是也能从后面的on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for,在绝望地为英国退欧后的世界重塑形象之际，英国即将消失在一场无休止的自我庆祝热潮之中.接下来几个反问句，能看出来是一种自我欺骗的尝试，所以选择B。
23D该题也是细节题,题干问:作者认为这个头衔的持有者是成功的只要它……可以定位到第三段第三句，这些头衔真正成功的持有者，是那些除了为酒店带来收入、带来引人注目的艺术活动和一年的良好报道之外，还做了很多事情的人。
它们转变了当地居民的愿望;他们将城市的自我形象推向更大胆、更乐观的一面。
(完整版)2019考研英语(一)真题答案(完整版)
Section I Use of English1。
【C】Few 词义辨析题;此题考查考生对于前后文语境的把握；首句中提出“今天我们生活在一个GPS系统,数字地图和其他导航应用程序都在我们的智能手机上轻易获取"。
空格之后的语句与前面语义方向一致，再考虑到句中的without a phone，可知,此处需要双重否定表达肯定，所以，选择few，符合文意；2。
【C】run 固定搭配;此题考查与介词on的搭配情况;run on battery表示手机使用电池得以运行；其他选项的搭配为：put on（增加;假装；使…上场);take on（承担；呈现;具有；流行);come on（快点；开始；要求;上演；）；语义搭配不通顺，故选择run on搭配；3。
【B】If 逻辑关系;此处考查逻辑关系.空格处所在句为“.。
. 你在没有电话或指南针的情况下迷路,...找不到北方，我们有一些技巧可以帮助你导航.。
.文明"；前后句之间构成假设的逻辑关系，所以选择if；其余选项：since（因为，自从）； though（虽然)； until（直到）代入后,不符合语义表达;4. 【D】literally词义辨析题；空格处所在句为“假如你在没有电话或指南针的情况下迷路,。
找不到北方,我们有一些技巧可以帮助你导航。
.文明”;literally表示确实地，真正地；符合语义表达;其余选项:formally(正式地）；relatively（相对地）；gradually（逐渐地)不符合语义表达；5。
【A】back词义辨析题；出题处的语义表达“我们有一些技巧可以帮助你导航。
..文明”,只有back 与前文的lost(迷路）形成相互呼应，故而选择back；6. 【B】off 词义辨析题;空格所在句提到“为当你发现自己。
.。
路径。
但不是完全..。
的区域。
你需要回答两个问题：在这个特殊区域中，哪个。
.是下坡路?哪里有最近的水源？"因此，根据句意表达,off(远离，离开）符合句意;其它选项：onto（在…之上;对…了解)；across (穿过，根穿），alone （独白地，单独地)，故选择off；7. 【D】unfamiliar 词义辨析题;根据出题处的语义表达,“为当你发现自己。
2019考研英语(一)真题(完整版)
Section 1Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Today we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are available on our smart phones. 1of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone. But phones 2on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize. 3you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you 4can’t find north, a few tricks to help you navigate 5to civilization, one of which is to follow the land...When you find yourself well 6 a trail, but not in a completely 7area, you have to answer two questions: Which 8is downhill, in this particular area? And where is the nearest water source? Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water. 9, if you head downhill, and follow any H2O you find, you should 10see signs of people.If you’ve explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights—you may be 11how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings.Another 12: Climb high and look for signs of human habitation.13 , even in dense forest, you should be able to 14gaps in the tree line due to roads, train tracks, and other paths people carve 15the woods. Head toward these 16to find a way out. At night, scan the horizon for 17light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of light pollution.18 , assuming you’re lost in an area humans tend to frequent, look for the 19we leave on the landscape. Trail blazes, tire tracks, and other features can 20you to civilization.1.[A]Some [B]Most [C]Few [D]All2.[A]put[B]take[C]run [D]come3.[A]Since [B] If [C] Though [D]Until4.[A]formally [B] relatively [C] gradually [D] literally5.[A] back[B] next [C] around [D] away6.[A]onto [B]off[C]across [D]alone7.[A]unattractive[B] uncrowded [C]unchanged [D]unfamiliar8.[A] site[B]point [C]way [D]place9.[A] So [B] Yet [C]Instead [D]Besides10.[A]immediately [B] intentionally [C]unexpectedly [D] eventually11.[A]surprised [B]annoyed [C]frightened [D]confused12.[A] problem [B]option [C]view [D]result13.[A] Above all [B]In contrast [C] On average [D] For example14.[A]bridge [B]avoid [C]spot [D]separate15.[A] from [B] through [C]beyond [D] under16.[A] posts [B]links [C]shades [D]breaks17.[A] artificial[B] mysterious[C] hidden[D] limited18.[A] Finally[B] Consequently [C] incidentally [D] Generally19. [A] memories [B] marks[C] notes[D] belongings20. [A] restrict[B] adopt[C] lead[D] exposeSection " R eading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Financial regulations in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks. Starting next year, any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing. The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institution. Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit: more long term decision-making not only by banks but also bu all corporations, to build a stronger economy for future generations.“Short-termism” or the desire for quick profits, has worsened in publicly traded companies, says the Bank of England’s top economist. Andrew Haldane. He quotes a giant of classical economies, Alfred Marshall, in describing this financial impatience as acting like “Children who pick the plums out of their pudding to eat them at once” rather than putting them aside to be eaten last.The average time for holding a stock in both the United States and Britain, he notes, has dropped from seven years to seven months in recent decades. Transient investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hinder a firm’s efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty. This has been dubbed “quarterly capitalism”.In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities, quicker use of information, and thus shortens attention spans in financial markers. “There seems to be a predominance of short-term thinking at the expense of long-term investing,” said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in speech this week.In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to defer performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year, slightly helping reduce “short-termism.” In its latest survey of CEO pay, The Wall Street Journal finds that “ a substantial part” of executive pay is now tied to performance.Much more could be done to encourage “long-termism,” such as changes in the tax code and quicker disclosure of stock acquisitions. In France, shareholders who hold onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimes earn more voting rights in a company.Within companies, the right compensation design can provide incentives for executives to think beyond their own time at the company and on behalf of all stakeholders. Britain’s new rule is a reminder to bankers that society has an interest in their performance, not just for the short term but for the long term.21.According to Paragraph 1, one motive in imposing the new rule i s the .A.enhance banker’s sense of responsibilityB.help corporations achieve larger profitsC.build a new system of financial regulationD.guarantee the bonuses of top executives22.Alfred Marshall is quoted to indicate .A.the conditions for generating quick profitsernments’ impatience in decision-making23.It is argued that the influence of transient investment on public companies can be .A.indirectB.adverseC.minimalD.temporary24.The US and France examples are used to illustrate .A.the obstacles to preventing “short-termism”.B.the significance of long-term thinking.C.the approaches to promoting “long-termism”.D.the prevalence of short-term thinking.25.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A.Failure of Quarterly CapitalismB.Patience as a Corporate VirtueC.Decisiveness Required of Top ExecutivesD.Frustration of Risk-taking BankersText 2Grade inflation--the gradual increase in average GPAs(grade-point averages) over the past few decades—is often considered a product of a consumer era in higher education, in which students are treated like customers to be pleased. But another, related force—a policy often buried deep in course catalogs called “grade forgiveness”—is helping raise GPAs.Grade forgiveness allows students to retake a course in which they received a low grade, and the most recent grade or the highest grade is the only one that counts in calculating a student’s overall GPA.The use of this little-known practice has accelerated in recent years, as colleges continue to do their utmost to keep students in school (and paying tuition) and improve their graduation rates. When this practice first started decades ago, it was usually limited to freshmen, to give them a second chance to take a class in their first year if they struggled in their transition to college-level courses. But now most colleges save for many selective campuses, allow all undergraduates, and even graduate students, to get their low grades forgiven.College officials tend to emphasize that the goal of grade forgiveness is less about the grade itself and more about encouraging students to retake courses critical to their degree program and graduation without incurring a big penalty. “Untimely,” said Jack Miner, Ohio State University’s registrar,“we see students achieve more success because they retake a course and do better in subsequent contents or master the content that allows them to graduate on time.”That said, there is a way in which grade forgiveness satisfies colleges’ own needs as well. For public institutions, state funds are sometimes tied partly to their success on metrics such as graduation rates and student retention—so better grades can, by boosting figures like those, mean more money. And anything that raises GPAs will likely make students—who, at the end of the day, are paying the bill—feel they’ve gotten a better value for their tuition dollars, which is another big concern for colleges.Indeed, grade forgiveness is just another way that universities are responding to consumers’ expectations for higher education. Since students and parents expect a college degree to lead a job, it is in the best interest of a school to turn out graduates who are as qualified as possible—or at least appear to be. On this, students’ and colleges’ incentives seem to be aligned.26.What is commonly regarded as the cause of grade inflation?A. The change of course catalogs.B. Students’ indifference to GPAS.C. Colleges’ neglect of GPAS.D. The influence of consumer culture.21.What was the original purpose of grade forgiveness?A.To help freshmen adapt to college learning.B.To maintain colleges’ graduation rates.C.To prepare graduates for a challenging future.D.To increase universities’ income from tuition.22.According to Paragraph 5,grade forgiveness enable colleges to .A.obtain more financial supportB.boost their student enrollmentsC.improve their teaching qualityD.meet local governments’ needs23.What does the phrase “to be aligned”(Line 5, Para.6) most probably mean?A.To counterbalance each other.B.To complement each other.C.To be identical with each other.D.To be contradictory to each other.24.The author examines the practice of grade forgiveness by .A.assessing its feasibilityB.analyzing the causes behind itparing different views on itD.listing its long-run effectsText 3This year marks exactly two countries since the publication of Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus, by Mary Shelley. Even before the invention of the electric light bulb, the author produced a remarkable work of speculative fiction that would foreshadow many ethical questions to be raised by technologies yet to come.Today the rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI) raises fundamental questions:”What is intelligence, identify, or consciousness? What makes humans humans?”What is being called artificial general intelligence, machines that would imitate the way humans think, continues to evade scientists. Yet humans remain fascinated by the idea of robots that would look, move, and respond like humans, similar to those recently depicted on popular sci-fi TV series such as “Westworld” and “Humans”.Just how people think is still far too complex to be understood, let alone reproduced, says David Eagleman, a Stanford University neuroscientist. “We are just in a situation where there are no good theories explaining what consciousnesss actually is and how you could ever build a machine to get there.”But that doesn’t mean crucial ethical issues involving AI aren’t at hand. The coming use of autonomous vehicles, for example, poses thorny ethical questions. Human drivers sometimes must make split-second decisions. Their reactions may be a complex combination of instant reflexes, input from past driving experiences, and what their eyes and ears tell them in that moment. AIWhenever decisions are based on masses of data, “you quickly get into a lot of ethical questions,” notes Tan Kiat How, chief executive of a Singapore-based agency that is helping the government develop a voluntary code for the ethical use of AI. Along with Singapore, other governments and mega-corporations are beginning to establish their own guidelines. Britain is setting up a data ethics center. India released its AI ethics strategy this spring.On June 7 Google pledged not to “design or deploy AI” that would cause “overall harm,” or to develop AI-directed weapons or use AI for surveillance that would violate international norms. It also pledged not to deploy AI whose use would violate international laws or human rights.While the statement is vague, it represents one starting point. So does the idea that decisions made by AI systems should be explainable, transparent, and fair.To put it another way: How can we make sure that the thinking of intelligent machines reflects humanity’s highest values? Only then will they be useful servants and not Frankenstein’s out-of-control monster.25.Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein is mentioned because itA.fascinates AI scientists all over the world.B.has remained popular for as long as 200 years.C.involves some concerns raised by AI today.D.has sparked serious ethical controversies.26.In David Eagleman’s opinion, our current knowledge of consciousnessA.helps explain artificial intelligence.B.can be misleading to robot making.C.inspires popular sci-fi TV series.D.is too limited for us to reproduce it.27.The solution to the ethical issues brought by autonomous vehiclesA.can hardly ever be found.B.is still beyond our capacity.C.causes little public concern.D.has aroused much curiosity.28.The author’s attitude toward Google’s pledge is one ofA.affirmation.B.skepticism.C.contempt.D.respect.29.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A.AI’s Future: In the Hands of Tech GiantsB.Frankenstein, the Novel Predicting the Age of A IC.The Conscience of AI: Complex But InevitableD.AI Shall Be Killers Once Out of ControlText 4States will be able to force more people to pay sales tax when they make online purchases under a Supreme Court decision Thursday that will leave shoppers with lighter wallets but is a big financial win for states.The Supreme Court’s opinion Thursday overruled a pair of decades-old decisions that states said cost them billions of dollars in lost revenue annually. The decisions made it more difficult forThe cases the court overturned said that if a business was shipping a customer’s purchase to a state where the business didn’t have a physical presence such as a warehouse or office, the business didn’t have to collect sales tax for the state. Customers were generally responsible for paying the sales tax to the state themselves if they weren’t charged it, but most didn’t realize they owed it and few paid.Justice Anthony Kennedy wrote that the previous decisions were flawed. “Each year the physical presence rule becomes further removed from economic reality and results in significant revenue losses to the States,” he wrote in an opinion joined by four other justices. Kennedy wrote that the rule “limited states’ ability to seek long-term prosperity and has prevented market participants from competing on an even playing field.”The ruling is a victory for big chains with a presence in many states, since they usually collect sales tax on online purchases already. Now, rivals will be charging sales tax where they hadn’t before. Big chains have been collecting sales tax nationwide because they typically have physical stores in whatever state a purchase is being shipped to. , with its network of warehouses, also collects sales tax in every state that charges it, though third-party sellers who use the site don’t have to.Until now, many sellers that have a physical presence in only a single state or a few states have been able to avoid charging sales taxes when they ship to addresses outside those states. Sellers that use eBay and Etsy, which provide platforms for smaller sellers, also haven’t been collecting sales tax nationwide. Under the ruling Thursday, states can pass laws requiring out-of-state sellers to collect the state’s sales tax from customers and send it to the state.Retail trade groups praised the ruling, saying it levels the playing field for local and online businesses. The losers, said retail analyst Neil Saunders, are online-only retailers, especially smaller ones. Those retailers may face headaches complying with various state sales tax laws. The Small Business & Entrepreneurship Council advocacy group said in a a statement, “Small businesses and internet entrepreneurs are not well served at all by this decision.”30.The Supreme Court decision Thursday willA.Dette business’ relutions with statesB.put most online business in a dilemmaC.make more online shoppers pay sales taxD.forces some states to cut sales tax31.It can be learned from paragraphs 2 and 3 that the overruled decisionsA.have led to the dominance of e-commerceB.have cost consumers a lot over the yearsC.were widely criticized by online purchasesD.were considered up favorable by states32.According to Justice Anthony Kennedy, the physical presence rule hasA.hindered economic developmentB.brought prosperity to the countryC.harmed fair market competitionD.boosted growth in states revenue33.Who are most likely to welcome the Supreme Court rulingA. Internet entrepreneursB. Big-chain ownersC. Third-party sellersD. Small retailers34.In dealing with the Supreme Court decision Thursday, the authorB.describes the long and complicated process of its makingC.presents its main points with conflicting views on themD.cities some saces related to it and analyzes their implicationsPart BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraph C and F have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)A.These tools can help you win every argument-not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about the issues that divide people. Learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. If we readjust our view of arguments—from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain mutual respect, and understanding—then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument.B.Of course, many discussions are not so successful. Still, we need to be careful not to accuse opponents of bad arguments too quickly. We need to learn how to evaluate them properly. A large part of evaluation is calling out bad arguments, but we also need to admit good arguments by opponents and to apply the same critical standards to ourselves. Humility requires you to recognize weakness in your own arguments and sometimes also to accept reasons on the opposite side.C.None of these will be easy but you can start even if others refuse to. Next time you state your position, formulate an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good. Next time you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view. Spell out their argument fully and charitably. Assess its strength impartially. Raise objections and listen carefully to their replies.D.Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which is how we often think of them. Like physical fights, verbal fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. Your prospects would be almost as dismal if arguments were even just competitions-like, say, tennis games. Paris of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner emerges from all who entered. Everybody else loses. This kind of thinking is why so many people try to avoid arguments, especially about politics and religion.E.In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People , Dale Carnegie wrote: “there is only one way…to get the best of an argument-and that is to avoid it. “This aversion to arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes profound problems for our personal and social lives- and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.F.These views of arguments also undermine reason. If you see a conversation as a fight or competition, you can win by cheating as long as you don’t get caught. You will be happy to convince people with bad arguments. You can call their views stupid, or joke about how ignorant they are. None of these tricks will help you understand them, their positions or the issues that divide you, but they can help you win-in one way.G.There is a better way to win arguments. Imagine that you favor increasing the minimum wage in our state, and I do not. If you yell, “yes,” and I yell. “No,” neither of us learns anything. We neither understand nor respect each other, and we have no basis for compromise or cooperation. In contrast, suppose you give a reasonable argument: that full-time workers should not have to live in poverty. Then I counter with another reasonable argument: that a higher minimum wage will force businesses to employ fewer people for less time. Now we can understand each other’s positions and recognize our shared values, since we both care about needy workers.Part C :Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)It was only after I started to write a weekly column about the medical journals, and began to read scientific papers from beginning to end, that I realised just how bad much of the medical literature frequently was. I came to recognise various signs of a bad paper: the kind of paper that purports to show that people who eat more than one kilo of broccoli a week were 1.17 times more likely than those who eat less to suffer late in life from pernicious anaemia. (46) There is a great deal of this kind of nonsense in the medical journals which, when taken up by broadcasters and the lay press, generates both health scares and short-lived dietary enthusiasms.Why is so much bad science published? A recent paper, titled “The Natural Selection of Bad Science”, published on the Royal Society’s open science website, attempts to answer this intriguing and important question. It says that the problem is not merely that people do bad science, but that our current system of career advancement positively encourages it. What is important is not truth, but publication, which has become almost an end in itself. There has been a kind of inflationary process at work: (47) nowadays anyone applying for a research post has to have published twice the number of papers that would have been required for the same post only 10 years ago. Never mind the quality, then, count the number.(48) Attempts have been made to curb this tendency, for example, by trying to incorporate some measure of quality as well as quantity into the assessment of an applicant’s papers. This is the famed citation index, that is to say the number of times a paper has been quoted elsewhere in the scientific literature, the assumption being that an important paper will be cited more often than one of small account. (49) This would be reasonable if it were not for the fact that scientists can easily arrange to cite themselves in their future publications, or get associates to do so for them in return for similar favours.Boiling down an individual’s output to simple metrics, such as number of publications or journal impacts, entails considerable savings in time, energy and ambiguity. Unfortunately, the long-term costs of using simple quantitative metrics to assess researcher merit are likely to be quite great. (50) If we are serious about ensuring that our science is both meaningful and reproducible, we must ensure that our institutions encourage that kind of science.Part A:Suppse you are working for the “Aiding rurd Primary School” project of your university. Write an email to answer the inquiry from an international student volunteer, specifying details of the project.Do not sign your own name at the end of the email. Use “Li Ming” instead.(10 points)Part BWrite an essay of 160—200 words based on the following pictures. In your essay, you should1）describe the pictures briefly, i2）nterpret the meaning, and 3）give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)。
英语(一)试题及答案
英语(一)试题及答案英语（一）试题及答案一、听力理解（共20分）A. 短对话理解（共5小题，每小题1分）1. What does the man want to do?A. Buy a new car.B. Sell his old car.C. Fix his car.D. Borrow money.*Answer: B*2. What is the woman's opinion about the weather?A. It's too hot.B. It's too cold.C. It's just right.D. It's unpredictable.*Answer: D*3. Why is the man late?A. He got stuck in traffic.B. He forgot the time.C. He overslept.D. He had to help a friend.*Answer: A*4. What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Take a break.B. Go to the doctor.C. Work overtime.D. Finish the report first.*Answer: B*5. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A. Colleagues.B. Friends.C. Teacher and student.D. Husband and wife.*Answer: C*B. 长对话理解（共5小题，每小题2分）6. What is the main topic of the conversation?A. A job interview.B. A travel plan.C. A birthday party.D. A business meeting.*Answer: A*7. Why is the woman interested in the position?A. She has experience in the field.B. She likes the company's reputation.C. She needs a job urgently.D. She has a personal connection to the company.*Answer: B*8. What does the man ask the woman to do next?A. Prepare a presentation.B. Wait for a second interview.C. Submit her portfolio.D. Call the HR department.*Answer: B*9. What is the man's impression of the woman?A. He thinks she is overqualified.B. He is impressed with her skills.C. He doubts her commitment.D. He finds her unprepared.*Answer: B*10. When is the woman's availability for the second interview?A. Next Monday.B. Next Tuesday.C. Next Wednesday.D. Next Thursday.*Answer: C*二、阅读理解（共30分）A. 快速阅读（共5小题，每小题2分）Passage 1The article discusses the importance of a balanced diet for maintaining good health.11. What does the article mainly focus on?A. The benefits of a balanced diet.B. The types of food to avoid.C. The role of exercise in health.D. The impact of stress on health.*Answer: A*12. According to the article, what should be included in a balanced diet?A. Only fruits and vegetables.B. A variety of foods from all food groups.C. Mostly carbohydrates and proteins.D. A lot of sugar and fats.*Answer: B*13. What is the purpose of the article?A. To promote a specific diet plan.B. To educate readers on healthy eating.C. To criticize unhealthy food choices.D. To compare different diets.*Answer: B*14. What does the article suggest about the role of vegetables in a diet?A. They should be avoided.B. They are essential for health.C. They can be replaced by fruits.D. They are not necessary if you eat enough protein.*Answer: B*15. What is the author's view on fast food?A. It is a convenient option.B. It is unhealthy and should be limited.C. It can be part of a balanced diet.D. It is the main cause of health problems.*Answer: B*B. 深度阅读（共5小题，每小题4分）Passage 2The passage explores the impact of technology on education and the challenges it presents.16. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The history of education.B. The role of technology in education.C. The challenges faced by teachers.D. The benefits of traditional education methods.*Answer: B*17. According to the passage, what are the potential drawbacks of using technology in education?A. It can be expensive.B. It can lead。
自考英语(一)历年真题
绝密食启用前2022年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试‘‘英语〈一〉would arrange marriages with the sons or daughters of their friends and neighbors.Now Indian society is not臼stable出it w臼in the p出t.People move all the time.They do not get to know the people in their community well.The ads show another change,too.People still expect a woman to be attractive and a good housekeeper.But families are also looking for women and men with an education.Sta饥1s is becoming less important.注意事项：〈课程代码00012)A.Arvind and Renu are a newly-married Indian couple.•True B.False C.Not GivenB.Renu's family investigated Arvind’s background before the wedding.1.本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。
2.考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。
3.必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。
第一部分：阅读判断（第110题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果、该旬提供的是正确信息，选择A：如果该旬提供的是错误信息，选择B：如果该旬的信息文中没有提及，选择C。
在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
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COLLEGE ENGLISH TESTFOR NON-ENGLISH MAJORS OF CONTINUING EDUCATION（英语一模拟题1）I. Choose the correct pronunciation to each of the following words.1. observe: A. [ bzәv] B. [әb zә:v]2. employ: A. [im pl i] B. [ empl i]3. various: A. [v☪☯ri☯s] B. [ v☪☯ri☯s]4. operate: A. [ p☯reit] B. [ p☯reit]5. splendid: A. [splen did] B. [ splendid]BABABII. Mark the stress for each of the following words.6. amountA. 第一个音节B. 第二个音节7. practiceA. 第一个音节B. 第二个音节8. instrumentA. 第一个音节B. 第二个音节C. 第三个音节9. umbrellaA. 第一个音节B. 第二个音节C. 第三个音节10. politicalA. 第一个音节B. 第二个音节C. 第三个音节D. 第四个音节BAABBIII. Each of the following sentences is provided with two answers. Choose the one that identifies its correct sentence type and its nuclear tone type.11. What have you seen?A. 一般疑问句——升调B. 特殊疑问句——降调12. Did he go there on foot or by bike?A. 选择疑问句——升、降调B. 一般疑问句——升调13. Why didn’t you go?A. 一般疑问句——升调B. 特殊疑问句——降调14. You don’t have to come tomorrow,A. don’t you?——升调B. do you?——升调15. What lovely weather it is!A. 祈使句——降调B. 感叹句——降调BABBBIV. Fill in each of the following blanks with a word in its proper form.16. ________ we beat them ______ they beat us, the match will be enjoyable.17. Dew is formed _________ the grass is thick.18. She listened attentively ________ she should fail to follow the speaker.19. This car, ________ I paid a lot of money, is now out of date.20. There weren’t any movie theater s in the town ______ I spent my last summer.21. A man’s knowledge consists only of two parts: that ________ comes from directexperience and that _________ comes from indirect experience.22. When _______ trouble, they always look _____ him ______ help.23. We must be very sorry _______ what has happened.24. He missed the train _______ 10 minutes.25. Products made ________ machines are generally cheaper than those made _____ hand.26. Some people do not believe _____ teaching formal grammar.27. Last night I came back late _____ the meeting.28. She lives _____ 4401 Part Street.29. It’s eight o’clock now. You ________ be doing your lessons. You _________ (not)be watching TV.16. Whether; or 17. where 18. Lest 19. which 20. where21. which 22. In to for 23.for 24. by 25. by; by 26. in 27.for 28.in 29.should; shouldn’tV. Each of the following sentences is provided with four answers labeled A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes it.30. “What is that building?”“_________ the garden equipment is stored.”A. There’s in whichB. That’s whereC. The building thatD. That’s the building which31. It wasn’t such a good dinner ________ she had promised us.A. thatB. whichC. asD. what32. ________ the flood, the ship would have reached its destination on time.A. In case ofB. In spite ofC. Because ofD. But for33. _______, I will learn it well.A. However difficult English isB. No matter how difficult is EnglishC. However English is difficultD. No matter how English is difficult34. While reading the newspaper, ________.A. a colorful advertisement caught my eyesB. my attention was attracted by an advertisementC. I was attracted by a colorful advertisementD. what attracted me was a colorful advertisement35. The meat is not ready ______ and it _____ has to be cooled for another five minutes.A. still…yetB. yet…alreadyC. yet…stillD. already…still36. Frank things quickly and wi th ease. He didn’t have to sit up latethe intricacies of the business.A. learned…studyingB. studied…learningC. studies…learningD.learned…studied37. The young driver looked over the engine carefully lest it _____ on the way.A. goes wrongB. should go wrongC. went wrongD. would go wrong38. Doesn’t he have any sympathy ________ the crippled boy?A. atB. forC. inD. of39. John met an old classmate of his ______ his way home.A. atB. onC. inD. by40. Mr. Li _________ the composition once a week last term.A. had us doB. had us doneC. had us to doD. had us do41. _________ with the picture, Mary tore it to pieces.A. Dissatisfying thoroughlyB. Being thoroughly dissatisfiedC. To dissatisfy thoroughlyD. To be dissatisfied thoroughly42. He is the man ________ I supposed was capable of doing such a thing.A. whoB. to whomC. of themD. whom30--34BCDAC 35--40C A BBB A41--42BAVI. There are four parts underlined in each of the following sentences. Identify the one that needs correction.(1) The teacher’s lecture on the history was three hours long and Henry felt very boring.A B C D(2) Mr. Brown often wore a heavy coat because he was not used to live in such a cold climate.A B C D(3) Having finished his term paper before the deadline, it was delivered to the professor beforeA B Cthe class.D(4) The reason that he has been such a success is because he never gives up.A B C DDCC CVII. Fill in the blanks with the word in the brackets in its proper form.(1) I think I’ll stop working soon. I ______ (tire).(2) I wish I ______ (have) your opportunities when I was young.(3) This difficulty _____ (can, avoid) in several ways.(1) am tired (2) had had (3) can be avoidedVIII. Translate the following into English.(1) 孩子们高兴得跳了起来。