【通用版】中考英语总复习：代词ppt 专项超详细讲解

eg: They are all good students. She is going to another city.
her
(2)人称代词的宾格形式在句中作宾语和表 语。
eg: Do you understand her ? 宾语 her name is Rachel.表语 We are waiting for you. 宾语
A. they
B. them
C. themself
D. themselves
6. Be careful with that knife, or you’ll cut
_______.
A. himself
B. ourselves
C. yourself
D. themselves
人称代词，物主代词，反身代词总表
I haven’t read either of these (books)． Either you or he is right.
(2) neither 表示“两者都不”。 e.g. neither of us has been to Beijing.
She is neither clever nor hardworking.
I have lost my dictionary. Please lend me yours. 宾语 your dictionary
Exercise
1.My book is blue. __Yours_______(you) is red. 2.Our chair is better than __ chair( they). 3.I will give the presents to________(they). 4.These books are________(I), and those are____(you).
指示代词
“这个”“那个” “这些”“那些”
this these
that those
指在时间上或空间上离说话人 较 近的人或物。
指在时间上或空间上离说话人 较远的人或物。
用法
1. this, that用于指代单数名词；these, those用于 指代复数可数。
eg: This is my book, and these are yours.
2 表示不确定的数量的不定代词
many 许多 few 很少 most 大部分
much 许多 little 很少 all 全部
3 表示不确定的选择的不定代词
either 两者中的任意一个 neither 两者中没有一个 none 三者或三者以上
不定代词
不明确指代某个人、 某些人或某些事物 的代词。
常见不定代词的用法和辨析：
1. Some, any 2. many, much 3. both, all, either, neither 4. none, no one 5. few, a few, little, a little 6. each, every 7. it, one, that 8. other, another
e.g. There are so many books that I don’t know which to choose.
I’ ve got too much work to do.
注
（1）many 修饰可数名词；
意 （2）much修饰不可数名词；
（3）两者都可以与表示程度的副词 so, too, how连用。
Open the door. It’s me. It is me.
2. 注意事项
如果同时出现多个人称代词，注意排序。
（1） 为了表示礼貌和谦虚，排列次序总是习惯将 第二人称、第三人称放在前面，将第一人称放在 后面。单数 “二三一 you he /she/it I”
Eg: He and I like green tea.
单数人称代词 231 承担责任 123 复数形式 123
Exercise
1.________(我) am a teacher. 2.My father is talking with _______(我). 3._______(他) often plays basketball after school. 4._______(我们) buy a pair of shoes for _______(他). We 主格 our 形容词性物主代词 us 宾格 him
反身代词
人 称 数
单数
第一人称
myself
第二人称
第三人称
yourself himself herself itself
复数 ourselves yourselves
themselves
习惯用语
Exercise
5. We can’t leave our grandparents by _____.
I was looking for my glasses everywhere.
(2) 名词性物主代词起名词作用，因 此其后不能接名词。在句中可作主 语，表语，宾语。
eg: It isn’t your ruler. It’s mine. 表语
Yours is in your desk. 主语 your ruler
2. Whose 的用法
Whose既可以作名词用，也可以作形容词用。 Eg ：whose book is this ?
whose is the desk ?
3. What 的用法
What 既可以作名词用，也可以作形容词用。 Eg ：What makes him so happy?
what class does he teach ? what is she ? what are you doing ?
1. Some 和 any Some 和any 均表示“一些”。 e.g. :There are some trees behind the house.
Do you have any questions ? Would you like some tea? You may go there any time.
注
（1）some和any都可以表示“一
意
些”，既可以修饰可数名词，也可 以修饰不可数名词。
（2）some一般用于肯定句中，any多用于疑问 句和条件句中。
（3）在疑问句中，若要表示说话人希望得 到肯定的回答或者表示请求、建议时用some。 any也用于肯定句中，表示“任何”。
2. many 和 much 两者都表示“许多，大量”。
3. both， all
(1) both表示“两者都”。
e.g. Both plans are good. Both she and I are students.
(2) all “表示三者或三者以上都”。
e.g. They all agree to stay here. All of us don’ t like tea.
注 意
（1）both表示“两者都”，常与 and连用，作主语时，谓语用复数。
（2）both 和all在句中作主语时，若 与否定的谓语连用，则表示部分否定， 意为“不都是…..”,不能译为“都不 是…..”.
4. either, neither (1) either表示“两个当中的任意一个”； e.g. Would you like either of these？
A. We
B. us
C. our
D. ours
物主代词 My book is on the desk, yours is on the table. = your book
名词性物主代词= 形容词性物主代词+名词
数
单数
复数
人称 格
形容词性物主代 词
名词性物主代词
第一人 称
my
mine
第二人 称
第三人称
4. Which 的用法
Which表示在一定范围内选择，意为 “哪一个”，回答通常为一个。 Eg ：This is mine. Which is yours ?
which of you is the oldest？ which would you like, tea or coffee? which book is more interesting ?
不明确指代某个人或某些人、某个事物或某些事物 的代词。
不定代词
1 表示不确定的人或事物的不定代词
one 某人或事物 no 没有 other 别的
some 某个某些
any 任何一个
each/every 每个 none 没有
another另一个
something 某事
somebody/someone 某人 anybody /anyone 任何一个人 everybody/everyone 每个人 nobody/no one 没有人
3. 为了避免重复，可用that/those用来指代前面提 到的名词。
eg: This book is not so interesting as that I read yesterday.
The vegetables in this store are cheaper than those in that store.
You, she and I should help each other.
注意事项
(2) 如果是承担责任，说话者应把第一人称放在第 一位。
eg: I and Tom broke the window.
(3)复数形式“一、二、三”（we, you and they）
eg: We, you and they should help each other.
Those cars are made in China.
2. this/ these一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物而 that/those常指时间上或空间上离说话人较远的 人或物。
eg: This present is for you and that one is for your mom.
We are very happy these days.
代词的种类
人称代词
物主代词
反身代词
指示代词 不定代词
疑问代词
人称代词
主语 宾语 表语 系动词后面的部分就是表语
数 人称 格
第一人称 第二人称
第三人称
单数
主格
宾格
I
me
Leabharlann Baidu
you
you
he
him
she
her
it
it
复数
主格
宾格
we
us
you
you
they
them
1.句法功用
(1)人称代词的主格形式在句中作主语等成 分。
注
（1）either指两个中的任意一个，
意
常与or搭配，either….or…指 “不是….就是…..”.
（2）neither指“两个人或物中一个也不”， 常与nor一起搭配。Neither….nor….“既 不…也不….”.
4. this，that在电话用语中可以指自己和对方。
eg: A: Is that Mr. Smith speaking ? B: Who is that ? A: This is Mary, Mr. Smith.
疑问代词
用来表达疑问或构成 疑问句的代词。
格
指代 指人
指物
指人或物
主格 who what which
宾格 whom What which
所有格 Whose Whose Whose
1. Who 和whom的用法
Who是主格，用于询问别人的姓名、身份或关系， 在句中作主语或表语；whom是宾格，在句中作宾语。 Eg: who put the light out ?
Who is that girl? Whom/who did you meet last night? Whom is Tom talking about ?
第一人 第二人
称
称
your his her its our your
第三人 称
their
yours his hers its ours yours theirs
用法
形容词性物主代词+名词
1. 形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，在句中只 能作定语，即形容词性物主代词后面一定要接 一个名词。
eg： My books are over there.
Exercise
1. Who taught ____________ maths last year ?
A. they
B. their
C. them
D. theirs
taught teach教的过去式
teach sb. sth 系动词后是表语
2. Reading more helps _______ learn better.