高中虚拟语气(课堂PPT)
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高中英语语法课件_虚拟语气(全)(共55张PPT)详解
解题思路
本题前半句是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件 从句，后半句是表示与过去事实相反的主句。 相当于：If he had worked harder, he would have got through the exams.本题的 答案是B. would have got through。 选项A. must have got through（肯定通过） 表示一种对过去事情的主观推测，不是与过去 事情相反的情况。另外，must不能用在虚拟条 件句中。 选项C. 和D. would / could get through （就会通过）是虚拟语气现在时的一种表示方 法，表示与现在事实相反。
为什么要学习虚拟语气？
虚拟语气是四级考试中重点考察的语法 点。历年四级考试中，仅仅单项填空部
分就一共出现了48道虚拟语气的题 目！！！
II. 虚拟语气的最基本形式
非真实性条件句是虚拟语气最基本的表 现形式。
i. 由“if” 来引导的非真实条件句
组成方式： 非真实的条件从句 + 假设结果（主句）
最基本形式的表达方式
语法要点
虚拟语气 Subjunctive Mood
I.什么是语气？
语气是动词的一种形式，用以表示说话 人对某种言行或某种事情的看法或态度。 英语有三种语气：陈述语气，祈使语气 和虚拟语气。 陈述语气一般用来讲述事实或提出疑问。 常常用于陈述句、疑问句和感叹句。 e.g. I took a shower after supper. What are you going to do? What a beautiful flower!
A case in Point
P. 37 (l. 28) in College English II. Unit 3 Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter. = If it were left to me to decide…
高中语法虚拟语气(64张PPT)
真实条件句中主从句的时态关系 条件从句：一般现在时
主句：shall / will + 动词原形
— Shall we have our picnic tomorrow? — If it doesn’t rain.
非真实条件句: 在非真实条件句即虚拟条件 句中主从句的谓语部分构成：
从 句 动词的过去式(be 与现在事 的过去式一般用 实相反 were) 与过去事 实相反 主 句
2. 祈使语气
用于提出请求、命令、建议或是劝告等。
Be quiet, please. Go and wash your hands.
Look out！Danger！
No parking.
3. 虚拟语气
用于表示主观愿望或假设的虚拟情况。虚拟
语气中说话者所讲的内容往往是与事实相反 的；或是其实现的可能性微乎其微, 甚至没 有实现的可能性, 但是有时为了使说话的语 气客气、缓和、委婉, 也使用虚拟语气。
If you came to Brunei, you would have to take off your shoes before going into someone’s house.
If you had been in Korea with me last year, you would have attended a wedding ceremony.
(与过去事实相反)
If he had known her address, he would had gone to visit her.
(与过去事实相反)
If I should have a chance, I would try my best.
(与将来事实相反)
高中英语语法讲解PPT课件：虚拟语气(共36张PPT)
与将来情况可能相反
条件句：
（1） 过去式（be要使用 were）
•
（2） were to do
•
（3）should do
• 主句：
• Would(should,could,might）
+do
•If she came here tomorrow, she might tell me what has happened to her.
C. Had D. Should
Thank you very much!
例句：
•1. It is desired that we (should) get everything ready by tonight.
•2. It is strange that he (should) say so.
•3. It is necessary that every member remember these rules.
•4. It is a pity that you (should) miss a good chance.
练习
1. I _______ try it again if I_______you. A. will； am B. should； am C. would； were D. would； had been
9. I suggest that someone else ____ to her instead of me. A. talking B. talks C. talked D. talk
10. It was a lovely day yesterday; I wish I ____at the seaside with you then. A. was B. shouldbe C. should have been D. had been
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49张PPT)
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
与现在 从 句 did,were, V-ed 事实相反 主 句 would(should,could,might)+v.
与过去 事实相反
从 句 had+V-ed/been 主 句 would(should,could, might)
+ have+v-ed
对未来的 从 句 were to/should+ v 虚拟推测 主 句 would(should,could,might)+v.
--I don’t think he should have done the favor for you. 我觉得他是不会帮你忙的。
1.3. 虚拟语气用于主语从句
1.3.1.
句型
1.表达虚拟语气的主语从句的一般形式为：
It is/was +引起虚拟语气的形容词或过去分 词+含虚拟语气的主语从句
但愿你没有那样说。
2.如果表示对将来的愿望，从句谓语动词 用 “would (could, might )+动词原形” 的形式。
--I wish you would do the favor for me. 但愿你会帮我这个忙。
--I wish I could speak several languages. 但愿我会说好几种语言。
1.2.虚拟语气用于宾语从句
1.2.1.句型“…wish that…”
在wish后的that宾语从句中： 1.如果表示对现在的愿望，从句谓语要使用过去
时: （1）从句谓语动词如果是be，则用were形式。 （2）从句谓语动词如果是行为动词，则用过去
时形式。 --I wish I were a bird. 但愿我是只鸟儿。 --I wish you didn’t talk like that.
与现在 从 句 did,were, V-ed 事实相反 主 句 would(should,could,might)+v.
与过去 事实相反
从 句 had+V-ed/been 主 句 would(should,could, might)
+ have+v-ed
对未来的 从 句 were to/should+ v 虚拟推测 主 句 would(should,could,might)+v.
--I don’t think he should have done the favor for you. 我觉得他是不会帮你忙的。
1.3. 虚拟语气用于主语从句
1.3.1.
句型
1.表达虚拟语气的主语从句的一般形式为：
It is/was +引起虚拟语气的形容词或过去分 词+含虚拟语气的主语从句
但愿你没有那样说。
2.如果表示对将来的愿望，从句谓语动词 用 “would (could, might )+动词原形” 的形式。
--I wish you would do the favor for me. 但愿你会帮我这个忙。
--I wish I could speak several languages. 但愿我会说好几种语言。
1.2.虚拟语气用于宾语从句
1.2.1.句型“…wish that…”
在wish后的that宾语从句中： 1.如果表示对现在的愿望，从句谓语要使用过去
时: （1）从句谓语动词如果是be，则用were形式。 （2）从句谓语动词如果是行为动词，则用过去
时形式。 --I wish I were a bird. 但愿我是只鸟儿。 --I wish you didn’t talk like that.
虚拟语气-(共51张)PPT课件
A. Were B. should C. would D. will
-
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If you had followed my advice, you would be
able to finish the work now. 如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份 工作了。 （从句说明过去，主句说明现在。）
时 间 If 条件句
主句
过去
现在
将来
-
10
一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气
时 间 If 条件句
主句
过去
had done
would should could might
+have done sth
现在
would
助动词 be用 were should 实义动词 do 用 did could
might
+ do sth
Without your help, we D____ such rapid progress.
A. couldn’t make B. wouldn’t make
C. will not have made D. wouldn’t have made
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名词性从句中的虚拟句
-
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宾语从句中的虚拟语气
句式一：wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，表示
与事实相反的愿望。其表达形式一般是将从句的谓
语动词退后一个时态。例如:
1)与现在事实相反 : wish + (that)+did(were)
I wish I were as healthy as you.
A.could take B.would take
C.will have taken D.would- have taken
高中英语语法专题复习课件--虚拟语气(共36张PPT)-经典通用课件资料
help. (浙江2014)
A. would have come B. could come
C. have come
D. had come
A
Байду номын сангаас2021/10/10
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9. If I _____ it with my own eyes, I
wouldn’t
have
D believed
it.
(北京2015)
1. 在if条件句中的用法
Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.
A. have had
B. had had
C. have
D. had
D
2021/10/10
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2. 特殊用法
2021/10/10
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★动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在事实相反时，从句中谓语用过去式；表示与过去事实相反时， 从句中谓语用“had+过去分词”；表示将来很难实现的愿望时，从句中谓语用“would / could / might+动词原形”。如：
How I wish I was there with you. I wish I hadn’t lost the chance. I wish he would / could / might go with us to the theatre.
worlAd. (福建2014)
A. Were there B. Had there been
C. If there are D. If there have been
高中英语虚拟语气(共24张PPT)
进行虚拟时,主句和if从句的谓语动词形式 如下: 1.与现在事实相反时,其表现形式为: if+主语+v-ed,主语+would(或might, could,
should)+v.
Eg: If we left now,we should arrive on time.
If I were you,I would refuse the money.
虚拟语气
虚拟语气(subjunctive mood),表示所说的话 只是一种主观的愿望,假想和建议等. 1.虚拟语气的形式
2.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
3.虚拟语气在其它从句中的应用
4.小练习
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
Ⅰ if条件句的虚拟语气 if的非真实条件从句对现在,过去,将来的事实
• 3.副词,如：otherwise等。
• Eg: We didn’t know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.
• 4.比较等级。
• Eg: (1)A more careful person wouldn’t have made so many mistakes.
• 如果说话人所表示的不是假设的情况， 而是一种可能的事实，as if引导的表语 从句中的谓语动词使用陈述语气。
• Eg :It looks as if it is going to rain.
• 在主句的谓语动词为过去时的情况下， 往往无法从语法形式上辨别表语从句的 谓语动词是虚拟还是陈述语气，因为此 时两者的形式是相同的。
用虚拟语气。
•
suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气，意为“暗示”
should)+v.
Eg: If we left now,we should arrive on time.
If I were you,I would refuse the money.
虚拟语气
虚拟语气(subjunctive mood),表示所说的话 只是一种主观的愿望,假想和建议等. 1.虚拟语气的形式
2.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
3.虚拟语气在其它从句中的应用
4.小练习
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
Ⅰ if条件句的虚拟语气 if的非真实条件从句对现在,过去,将来的事实
• 3.副词,如：otherwise等。
• Eg: We didn’t know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.
• 4.比较等级。
• Eg: (1)A more careful person wouldn’t have made so many mistakes.
• 如果说话人所表示的不是假设的情况， 而是一种可能的事实，as if引导的表语 从句中的谓语动词使用陈述语气。
• Eg :It looks as if it is going to rain.
• 在主句的谓语动词为过去时的情况下， 往往无法从语法形式上辨别表语从句的 谓语动词是虚拟还是陈述语气，因为此 时两者的形式是相同的。
用虚拟语气。
•
suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气，意为“暗示”
虚拟语气ppt课件完整版
02 03
例子
Had you come earlier, you would have met him.（= If you had come earlier, you would have met him.）（如果你早点来，你就能 见到他了。）
例子
Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.（= If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.）（如果明天下雨，我们就 呆在家里。）
虚拟语气用于强调句时，通常是通过 “It was ... that”结构对句子中的特 定成分进行强调。
在这种结构中，虚拟语气的使用与普 通虚拟语气略有不同，需要根据具体 情况进行判断。
虚拟语气与其他语法结构搭配使用
虚拟语气可以与定语从句、状语从句等语法结构搭配使用，表达更为复杂的语义关 系。
在这些结构中，虚拟语气的使用需要根据具体的语境和表达的语义关系进行判断。
真实条件句
表达现实中可能实现的情况， 使用陈述语气。
例子
If you study hard, you will pass the exam.（如果你努力 学习，你会通过考试。）
非真实条件句
表达与事实相反或不太可能实 现的情况，使用虚拟语气。
例子
If I were you, I would not do that.（如果我是你，我不会那
状语从句中虚拟语气使用
在if条件状语从句中
如果条件状语从句所表示的内容与实际情况相反或实现的可能性很小，则从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气。
在其他状语从句中
除了if条件状语从句外，还有一些其他状语从句也可以用虚拟语气，如：in order that（为了）、so that（以便 ）等引导的目的状语从句中。这些从句中的谓语动词形式通常为“may/might/could/should + 动词原形”。
高考英语虚拟语气(23张ppt)
operation at once.
2021/10/10
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考题点击：
1.I went to bed early last night,but I wish I B so.
A. didn’t do
B. hadn’t done
C.haven’t done D. couldn’t do
2.How I wish every family __B__a large house
4.The teacher demanded that the work __D___ before
4 o’clock.
A. finished
B. finish
C.20s21h/10o/1u0 ld finish D. be finished
14
三、主语从句中的虚拟语气 基本句型： 1. It be+过去分词+that…+(should)+动词原形+…
1). If only he could come! (他要能来就好了)
= How I wish he could come!
2). If only I had known the answer! (我要早知答案 就好了.)=How I wish I had known the answer! 比较if only与only if （只有）
高三语法复习
虚拟语气
Subjunctive Mood
2021/10/10
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一、虚拟语气定义
1.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气， 祈使语气和虚拟语气。
2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实， 或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的 情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的2
高中英语虚拟语气课件课件(共71张ppt)
• A. will allow
B. should allow
• C. would have allowed D. had allowed
3.If we had known that she had planned to go abroad today, we ____ at the airport.
过去式(did) be were
①did / were ②should +do ③were to do
would should could might
+have done sth
would should could might
+ do sth
would should + do sth could might
如果他当时用功学习的话，他可能就得到奖学 了。
if he H__a_d_s_t_u_d_i_e_d(study) hard, he _c_o_u_ld__h_a_v_e__w_i_n_(win) the scholarship. 如果昨天他见到你，他就可能问你这个问题。
If he h_a_d__s_ee_n_(see) you yesterday, he _W__o_u_ld__h_a_v_e__a_sk_e_d__(ask) you about it.
不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜 测、怀疑、愿望、要求、命令、建 议等 。
• I have a car. • 我有一部车。（指现在有）
• I had a car. • 我有一部车。（指过去有）
• I wish I had a car. • 但愿我有一部车。（实际没有，表
愿望）
一、if 条件句中的虚拟语气
高中英语语法--虚拟语气课件(36张)
连词if之外，尚有下列连词： Otherwise否则,不然… in case 假如 But that 要不是… on condition (that)条件是.. Unless 除非 suppose/supposing (that)假如 So long as 只要 provide/providing (that)如果.. 例：I was busy last week, otherwise I would have come to see you. = I was busy last week. If I had not been busy last week, I would have come to see you.
3. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she _____ much better results now. (08, 52) A. would be getting B. could have got C. must get D. would get 4. _____ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand ? (04,54) A. Would you be surprised B. Were you surprised C. Had you been surprised D. Would you have been surprised
If you heat ice, If he doesn’t hurry up,
过去时
it turns(=will turn) to water。 he will miss the bus.
过去时或过去将来时
3. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she _____ much better results now. (08, 52) A. would be getting B. could have got C. must get D. would get 4. _____ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand ? (04,54) A. Would you be surprised B. Were you surprised C. Had you been surprised D. Would you have been surprised
If you heat ice, If he doesn’t hurry up,
过去时
it turns(=will turn) to water。 he will miss the bus.
过去时或过去将来时
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气PPT教学课件
1.1.6.含蓄条件句
英语中有些句子从形式上看不包 含条件从句，但在意义上却是非 真实条件句，这类句子称为含蓄 条件句，这样的句子可分为三类
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
1.省略整个条件句 --Such mistakes could have been avoided. (省略了if we had been more careful). 这样的错误本来是能够避免的。 --I should have caught the train. (省略了 if I had left a little earlier) 我本应该赶上火车的。
这类非真实条件句表示过去未 发生的事情，和过去事实相反。 比如：
- - If I had left a little earlier ,I would have caught the train. 如 果我早一点离开的话，我就会赶上 火车了。
--The man’s life might have been saved if he had been sent to a better hospital.
如果她听从医生建议的话，现在也就 不会住院了。
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
--Tom would be studying at the university now if he had passed the entrance examination.
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
这类非真实条件句表示对未来事情的虚拟推测。 --If I were to/should do it ,I would do it in a
英语中有些句子从形式上看不包 含条件从句，但在意义上却是非 真实条件句，这类句子称为含蓄 条件句，这样的句子可分为三类
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
1.省略整个条件句 --Such mistakes could have been avoided. (省略了if we had been more careful). 这样的错误本来是能够避免的。 --I should have caught the train. (省略了 if I had left a little earlier) 我本应该赶上火车的。
这类非真实条件句表示过去未 发生的事情，和过去事实相反。 比如：
- - If I had left a little earlier ,I would have caught the train. 如 果我早一点离开的话，我就会赶上 火车了。
--The man’s life might have been saved if he had been sent to a better hospital.
如果她听从医生建议的话，现在也就 不会住院了。
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
--Tom would be studying at the university now if he had passed the entrance examination.
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
这类非真实条件句表示对未来事情的虚拟推测。 --If I were to/should do it ,I would do it in a
高中英语虚拟语气课件(共34张PPT)
It has been decided that the meeting (should) be put off.
iii. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用
在表示提议、要求、命令、意志等动词 之后的宾语从句中，可以用 “should + 动词原形（should可以省略）”形式做 谓语。 这类动词有：advise, ask, beg, determine, require, suggest, request, demand, urge, propose, command, desire, insist, prefer, order, pray, recommend 等等
e.g. It is advisable that a general announcement be made to the staff. 最好给全体人员发个通知。
需要给这台机器加润滑油了。
It is required that the machine (should) be oiled. 已决定推迟会议。
She looks as if she were sick. (实际上没有病）
She looks as if she is sick. (实际上可能或的确是病了）
ii.虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用
在“It is + 某些形容词（或过去分词）+主语 从句”的句型中，主语从句中的动词形式用 “should + 动词原形 （should可以省略）”。
iv. 虚拟语气在表语从句、同位语从句
中的应用
在demand, motion, idea, proposal, suggestion, order, recommendation, requirement, decision, advice等表提议、 要求、命令等名词之后的表语从句、同 位语从句中，谓语动词可用“should + 动词原形 （should可以省略) ”形式。
iii. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用
在表示提议、要求、命令、意志等动词 之后的宾语从句中，可以用 “should + 动词原形（should可以省略）”形式做 谓语。 这类动词有：advise, ask, beg, determine, require, suggest, request, demand, urge, propose, command, desire, insist, prefer, order, pray, recommend 等等
e.g. It is advisable that a general announcement be made to the staff. 最好给全体人员发个通知。
需要给这台机器加润滑油了。
It is required that the machine (should) be oiled. 已决定推迟会议。
She looks as if she were sick. (实际上没有病）
She looks as if she is sick. (实际上可能或的确是病了）
ii.虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用
在“It is + 某些形容词（或过去分词）+主语 从句”的句型中，主语从句中的动词形式用 “should + 动词原形 （should可以省略）”。
iv. 虚拟语气在表语从句、同位语从句
中的应用
在demand, motion, idea, proposal, suggestion, order, recommendation, requirement, decision, advice等表提议、 要求、命令等名词之后的表语从句、同 位语从句中，谓语动词可用“should + 动词原形 （should可以省略) ”形式。
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3. were to
dVo.(原)wdo/umlidg/hctou+lVd./s(h原ou)l
7
1. If I had 5000yuan, I would buy a computer.
2. If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky. （与现在事实相反）
3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.
三. 虚拟语气特殊句型:
1. wish 的宾语 从句
现在: 过去时（were） 过去: 过去完成时 未来: would/could/might +V. should
20
I wish I were as tall as you.
I wish every day were my birthday.
4. He insisted that he _d_i_d_n__’t__st_e_a_l__ the wallet(没有
偷钱包).
以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句 包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句也 要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。
即：(should)＋V.
order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire
insist
① 表“坚决要求”,虚拟, should + do; ②表“坚称,坚持说”,陈述语气,表事实。
suggest
①表“建议”，虚拟, should + do; ②表“表明、暗示” ，用陈述语气。
1. The teacher suggested that we _(_s_h_o_u__ld__)_p_r_a_c_tise
more after class. （我们课后多练习）
2. The look on her face suggested that she
___w_a__s__happy 3. He insisted that all of us _s_h_o_u_l_d__b_e__there on
time by any means. （我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿）
rest • 4)It is suggested that Tom have a rest. • 5)The king ordered that the prisoner be
killed the next day.
3
虚拟语气
虚拟语气的概念
• 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用 来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而 是一种假设、猜测、愿望等(在条件从句中 或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿 望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、 主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。
4.）He telephoned to inform me of your
birthday , or I would have known nothing
about it .(连词)
11
5 . If only …要是就好了 If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice!! If only I were to see him again!
1.）Without sunlight, there would be no life
on our planet.
2.）But for your help, I wouldn’t have
finished the work.
3.）I was ill that day .otherwise , I would have taken part in the sports meet.(副词)
6
虚拟语气
一. 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法(3种)。
条件 If 从句的谓语形 从句 式
主句的谓语形式
现在
V. + ed (were)
would/could/shoul d/might +V (原)
过去
had done
would/could/shoul d/might+have+p.p.
1.V.+ ed. 未来2. should+
4. If he had been there, it wouldn’t have
happened.
（与过去事实相反） 8
2、错综时间的虚拟句
通常情况下,在非真实条件句中主句和从句的 谓语动词所指时间是一致的, 但有时也可能指 不同的时间,这时要根据上下文的意思采用不 同的谓语动词形式.
1. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在, 主句指过去)。
要是我们的父母和我们住在一起就好了。 要是我没错过火车就好了！
If only our parents lived with us! If only I hadn’t missed the train!
PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks. a. If they w__e_r_e (be) here, they
我们该去睡觉了。 It’s time that we went to bed . It’s time that we should go to bed.
4. It’s necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即 （should）+动词原形
• 5)He was shaking with fright as if he had seen a ghost.
2
• 1)He insisted that I should have a rest. • 2)His suggestion that Tom have a rest
is accepted. • 3)His suggestion is that Tom have a
Should he fail in the experiment…
If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.
Had you come a few….
10
4. without, but for，or和otherwise 构成虚拟。 but for要不是，or否则（含蓄条件句）
这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气 用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原 形，或者将should省略。
15
我们建议Tom 去休息一下。 他坚决要求我到场。 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。
We suggested that Tom have a rest. He insisted that I (should )be present.
4
一、非真实条件句（if等）中的虚拟语气 1.时态一致 2. 错综时间的虚拟句 3.倒装句 2.4.含蓄条件句 5. If only 感叹 二、名词性从句的虚拟语气：
宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
三、几种特殊的虚拟语气句式
wish、as if/though、would rather、It’s time … It’s necessary/strange/matural/inportant+that从
13
If he _h_a_d__d_r_iv_e_n_ （drive）more carefully, he _w_o_u_l_d__n_o_t_h_a_v_e_h_a_d_(not have) the car accident yesterday.
14
二. 名词性从句的虚拟语气。 主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。 1.宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持：insist 两个命令：order, command 三个建议：advise, suggest, propose 五个要求：demand , require, request, desire ask
The king ordered that the prisoners be killed the next day.
They requested that we (should) send them to work there.
虚拟语气在：在宾语从句中
注意:insist / suggest 各有两意思，要用不同的语气
句
5
1)If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky. 2)If I had taken your advice ,I wouldn’t have made the mistake. 3)If I had been there, it wouldn’t have happened. • 4)If it rained tomorrow, we would not go shopping.
Subjunctive Mood
1
1)If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky. 2)If I had taken your advice ,I wouldn’t have made the mistake. 3)If I had been there, it wouldn’t have happened. • 4)If it rained tomorrow, we would not go shopping.
2. If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过去,主句指现在)。
dVo.(原)wdo/umlidg/hctou+lVd./s(h原ou)l
7
1. If I had 5000yuan, I would buy a computer.
2. If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky. （与现在事实相反）
3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.
三. 虚拟语气特殊句型:
1. wish 的宾语 从句
现在: 过去时（were） 过去: 过去完成时 未来: would/could/might +V. should
20
I wish I were as tall as you.
I wish every day were my birthday.
4. He insisted that he _d_i_d_n__’t__st_e_a_l__ the wallet(没有
偷钱包).
以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句 包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句也 要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。
即：(should)＋V.
order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire
insist
① 表“坚决要求”,虚拟, should + do; ②表“坚称,坚持说”,陈述语气,表事实。
suggest
①表“建议”，虚拟, should + do; ②表“表明、暗示” ，用陈述语气。
1. The teacher suggested that we _(_s_h_o_u__ld__)_p_r_a_c_tise
more after class. （我们课后多练习）
2. The look on her face suggested that she
___w_a__s__happy 3. He insisted that all of us _s_h_o_u_l_d__b_e__there on
time by any means. （我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿）
rest • 4)It is suggested that Tom have a rest. • 5)The king ordered that the prisoner be
killed the next day.
3
虚拟语气
虚拟语气的概念
• 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用 来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而 是一种假设、猜测、愿望等(在条件从句中 或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿 望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、 主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。
4.）He telephoned to inform me of your
birthday , or I would have known nothing
about it .(连词)
11
5 . If only …要是就好了 If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice!! If only I were to see him again!
1.）Without sunlight, there would be no life
on our planet.
2.）But for your help, I wouldn’t have
finished the work.
3.）I was ill that day .otherwise , I would have taken part in the sports meet.(副词)
6
虚拟语气
一. 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法(3种)。
条件 If 从句的谓语形 从句 式
主句的谓语形式
现在
V. + ed (were)
would/could/shoul d/might +V (原)
过去
had done
would/could/shoul d/might+have+p.p.
1.V.+ ed. 未来2. should+
4. If he had been there, it wouldn’t have
happened.
（与过去事实相反） 8
2、错综时间的虚拟句
通常情况下,在非真实条件句中主句和从句的 谓语动词所指时间是一致的, 但有时也可能指 不同的时间,这时要根据上下文的意思采用不 同的谓语动词形式.
1. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在, 主句指过去)。
要是我们的父母和我们住在一起就好了。 要是我没错过火车就好了！
If only our parents lived with us! If only I hadn’t missed the train!
PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks. a. If they w__e_r_e (be) here, they
我们该去睡觉了。 It’s time that we went to bed . It’s time that we should go to bed.
4. It’s necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即 （should）+动词原形
• 5)He was shaking with fright as if he had seen a ghost.
2
• 1)He insisted that I should have a rest. • 2)His suggestion that Tom have a rest
is accepted. • 3)His suggestion is that Tom have a
Should he fail in the experiment…
If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.
Had you come a few….
10
4. without, but for，or和otherwise 构成虚拟。 but for要不是，or否则（含蓄条件句）
这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气 用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原 形，或者将should省略。
15
我们建议Tom 去休息一下。 他坚决要求我到场。 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。
We suggested that Tom have a rest. He insisted that I (should )be present.
4
一、非真实条件句（if等）中的虚拟语气 1.时态一致 2. 错综时间的虚拟句 3.倒装句 2.4.含蓄条件句 5. If only 感叹 二、名词性从句的虚拟语气：
宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
三、几种特殊的虚拟语气句式
wish、as if/though、would rather、It’s time … It’s necessary/strange/matural/inportant+that从
13
If he _h_a_d__d_r_iv_e_n_ （drive）more carefully, he _w_o_u_l_d__n_o_t_h_a_v_e_h_a_d_(not have) the car accident yesterday.
14
二. 名词性从句的虚拟语气。 主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。 1.宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持：insist 两个命令：order, command 三个建议：advise, suggest, propose 五个要求：demand , require, request, desire ask
The king ordered that the prisoners be killed the next day.
They requested that we (should) send them to work there.
虚拟语气在：在宾语从句中
注意:insist / suggest 各有两意思，要用不同的语气
句
5
1)If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky. 2)If I had taken your advice ,I wouldn’t have made the mistake. 3)If I had been there, it wouldn’t have happened. • 4)If it rained tomorrow, we would not go shopping.
Subjunctive Mood
1
1)If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky. 2)If I had taken your advice ,I wouldn’t have made the mistake. 3)If I had been there, it wouldn’t have happened. • 4)If it rained tomorrow, we would not go shopping.
2. If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过去,主句指现在)。