过去进行时知识点总结

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知识点总结

1.定义

过去进行时常表示过去某一时刻或过去某一阶段内正在进行的动作。

2.构成:was/were +doing

3.过去进行时的基本句型

肯定式I was working. He / She / it was working. We were working.

疑问式Were you working? Was he / she / it working? Were we working?

否定式I was not working. He / she / it was not working. We were not working.

4.过去进行时的基本用法

a.过去进行时表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作,常和表过去的时间状语连用,如:

I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.

They were expecting you yesterday.

b.过去进行时可与soon, the next moment, in minutes, minutes later等时间状语连用,表示一个新的动作刚刚开始。如:

Soon the whole town was talking about it.

c.过去进行时可用来申述原因或用作借口,这种用法常用在口语中。如:

-- Have you finished your homework, Mary?

-- No, I was helping my mother is the kitchen all day yesterday.

d.过去进行时可用来为一个后一系列动作的发生提供背景。如:

I hurt my leg when I was riding a bike.我在骑车时把腿摔坏了。

e.过去进行时可表示过去未曾实现的愿望或打算,这时be动词was/were要重读。如:

I was writing him a letter this morning and forgot all about it .

I was seeing her tomorrow.

He was watching the play yesterday, but he was too busy.

5. 一般过去时和过去进行时的区别

(1)一般过去式常表示在过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态(包括过去习惯动作),常与一般过去时连用的时间状语有just now, a moment ago, yesterday, last week(month, year), the day before yesterday及表示过去的时间状语从句。如:

I was sixteen yesterday old last year.

He worked in a factory in 1986.

I met her in the street the day before yesterday.

He often swam in the river when he was young.

(2)过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状语有,at that time/moment, (at) this time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week…), at+点钟+yesterday (last night / Sunday…),when sb. did sth等时间状语从句。

What were you doing at seven p.m. yesterday?

I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time.

I was cooking when she knocked at the door.

(3)一般过去时往往表示某一动作已经完成,而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。如:

I saw you while you were speaking to the teacher.

注意:有的过去时间状语既可用于一般过去时,也可用于过去进行时,但含义不同。如:

She wrote a letter to her friend last night.(信写完了)

She was writing a letter to her friend last night.(信不一定写完)

6.过去进行时的时间状语

(1)when 和while引导的状语从句中,强调某个动作正在进行的过程中时要用进行时态,while表示一段时间,因此它所引导的状语从句中,谓语动词常用进行时态,如:

When/While we were having supper, the light went out.

(2)when用作并列连词时,主句常用进行时态,从句则用一般过去时,表示主句动作发生的过程中,另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如:

I was walking in the street when someone called me.

7.下面几种情况不用一般过去时而要用过去进行时:

(1)表示过去某一阶段暂时性的习惯动作时。如:

Tom was getting up at six o’clock every day that week.

(2)与always连用表示赞美,厌烦等感情色彩时。如:

John was always coming to school late.

Lei Feng was always doing good deeds for the people.

(3)用来描写故事发生的情景时。如:

It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A PLA man suddenly appeared on the river bank. He wanted to cross the river.

(4)when作并列连词,表示“(这时)突然”之意时,第一个并列分句用过去进行时,when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如:

I was taking a walk when I met him.

We were playing outside when it began to rain.

(5)go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。如:

I was leaving for Wuhan that day.

She was coming later.

8.过去进行时表示婉转语气(只限于want, hope, wonder 等动词),用以提出请求。如:

I was wondering if you could help me.

I was hoping you could send me home.

常见考法

1.对过去进行时基本用法的考查;

2.过去进行时和一般过去时的搭配表达。

误区提醒

1.对过去进行时的时间状语不熟悉,机械理解;

2.主从句时态的搭配错误。

【典型例题】

1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.

A. made

B. is making

C. was making

D. makes

解析:答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时。同时,when表时间的同时性,"玛丽在做衣服时"提供事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时。

2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.

A.read;was falling

B. was reading;fell

C. was reading;was falling

D. read;fell

解析:答案B.句中的as = when, while,意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时,用过去进行;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。句意为"在她看报纸时,奶奶睡着了。"句中的fell (fall的过去时),是系动词,后跟形容词,如:fall sick。

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