八上基础知识练习题
八年级(上)数学基础知识试题(精华)
八年级(上)数学基础知识考试试题一、 选择题1、在平面直角坐标系中。
点P (-2,3)关于x 轴的对称点在( ). A. 第四象限 B. 第三象限 C.第二象限 D. 第一象限2.如图所示的图案中是轴对称图形的是( )3、如图,等边△ABC 中,BD=CE ,AD 与BE 相交于点P , 则∠APE 的度数是( )A .45°B .55°C .60°D .75°4、下列各式从左到右的变形中,属于因式分解的是( )A. 1)2(41842-+=-+x x x xB. )4(42b a a a ab a -=+-C. )1)(1(1)(2--+-=--b a b a b aD. )2)((23223++=++x x x x x x 5、下列运算正确的是( )(A )-40=1 (B )(-3)1-=31(C) (-2m n -)2=4m n - (D)(a +b )1--=a 1-+b -16、如图,方格纸中有四个相同的正方形,则∠1+∠2+∠3为( )A .90°B .120°C .135°D .150°7. 下列各式中,属于分式的是( )A. 5abB. πy x +C. x y x 53-D. 24x8、若分式6522+--x x x 的值为0,则x 的值为( )(A) 2 (B) -2 (C) 2或-2 ( D) 2或39、工地调来72人参加挖土和运土,已知3人挖出的土1人恰好能全部运走,怎样调动第3题图EBDAC图2劳动力才能使挖出的土能及时运走,解决此问题,可设派x 人挖土,其它的人运土,列方程:①3172=-x x ②72-x=3x ③x+3x=72 ④372=-xx上述所列方程,正确的有( )个(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 410、 若分式方程xx a x -2321-=+-有增根,则a 的值是( ) (A) -1 (B) 0 (C) 1 ( D ) 2 11.下列计算中,正确的是 ( ) A.632)(xy xy = B.743---=⋅x x x C. 4224)2(a a -=--- D. x x x =÷-3412、 如图,在△ABC 中,AB=AC ,AD ⊥BC 于D ,AD=AE ,若∠BAD=a , 则∠EDC 等于_______ 二、填空题13、、等腰三角形的两边长为3和6,则其周长为 14、如果3,2==y x a a ,则y x a 32+的值是 15.0.000000052用科学记数法表示为___________ 16、如图2所示,AC AB =,再添加一个条件,就可以使△ABE ≌△ACD17、若2222,2b a b ab a b a ++-=则=18、一组按规律排列的式子:()0,,,,41138252≠--ab ab a b a b a b ,其中第7个式子是 ;第n 个式子是19.若16)4(292+-+x a x 是一个完全平方式,则a 的值为___________。
八年级语文上册基础知识练习题
八年级语文上册根底知识练习题八年级语文上册根底知识练习题一、《骆驼祥子》练习题1、《骆驼祥子》作者,原名,族, (籍贯)人,有的称号。
(老舍;舒庆春;满;北京;人民艺术家)2、祥子是老舍的长篇代表作《》中的一个人物形象这部作品描写农村的淳朴、强健的祥子,到北平谋生创业,次买车又次失去,并终于堕落到生活的谷底的故事这部小说被誉为“抗战前夕中国最正确的长篇小说” (《骆驼祥予》;三;三)3、是《骆驼祥子》的根本线索,与祥子有着密切关系的女主人公。
是这部小说以北平为背景,描写了人力车夫由人堕落为“兽”的悲惨遭遇 (祥子与车;虎妞)4、祥子是老舍笔下一个被侮辱、被损害的下层劳动者形象,他本是农民,进城后以为生。
虎妞是祥子的妻子,也是车厂主的女儿。
(拉车;刘四爷)5、样子的第一辆车被抢走以后,千辛万苦积攒的准备第二次买车的钱被给洗劫了。
(孙侦探)6、“我算明白了,干苦活儿的打算单独一个人混好,比登天还难。
”是的感慨。
(老马)7、《骆驼祥子》中祥子失去土地后流落到拉车。
(北平)8、虎妞的变态情欲,逼女卖淫的病态行为,以及小福子自杀的悲剧,对祥子来说,都是锁住他的“心狱” 。
(二强子)9、《骆驼样子》中的祥子在兵荒马乱中被抢走了车,却冒险牵回了三匹在《骆驼祥子》中,车厂老板刘四爷的又老又丑的女儿名叫,她既是剥削者又是被剥削者。
(骆驼;虎妞)10、祥子最大的梦想是。
他买的第二辆车因而被卖掉。
(有一辆自己的新车;给虎妞办丧事)11、《骆驼祥子》中的是一个美丽、要强、勤俭的女子,后因生活所迫沦为娼妓,终因不甘生活的'屈辱而含恨自缢。
(小福子)12、祥子的车被当兵的拉走后,他一直想拥有一辆属于自己的车就在祥子在茶馆里等着去看夜场电影的曹先生时,他遇到了 ;他们的悲惨情景把祥子最大的希望给打破了。
(拉车的一老一少,即拉车的老者和他的孙子小马)13、他是一个“坚壮、沉默而又有生气”的上等车夫,为了争取起码的生存权利而奋斗、挣扎,最终走上了一条自我消灭的道路这部作品叫《》,与人力车夫相关的两位女性是和 (骆驼祥子;虎妞;小福子)14、《骆驼祥子》以二十年代末期的北京市民生活为背景,以人力车夫祥子的坎坷、悲惨的生活遭遇为主要情节,祥子农村,他、、、、,祥子最大的梦想不过是但是他的希望一次又一次破灭,他与命运的抗争最终以惨败告终到小说结尾,祥子已经变成了、、、、、(老实、强健、坚忍、自尊好强、吃苦耐劳;拥有一辆自己的车;麻木、潦倒、狡猾、好占廉价、吃喝嫖赌、自暴自弃的行尸走肉)15、《骆驼祥子》还写了其他各色人物,如残忍霸道的车主,大胆泼辣而有点变态的,一步步走向消灭的,以及大学教授曹先生。
八年级语文基础知识训练题
A.颓唐(tuí震悚(sǒnɡ)蹒跚(mán)憎恶(zēnɡ)
呵斥(hè)奔丧(sānB.ɡ)愧怍(zuò)焦灼(zhuó)
诘问(jié)疮疤(chuānɡ)C.嫉妒(jí)猝然(cù)
D.伎俩(jì)取缔(dì)琐屑(xiāo)差使(chāi) (A. m
án→pánB. hè→hēD. xiāo→xiè)11
D.寒噤(jìn)决眦(cì)镂空(lòu)黄发垂髫(tiáo)
9
下列加点字注音完全正确的一组是:( A )
A. )阡陌(qiān)淤泥(yū德馨(xīn)矫首(qiǎo)禾黍(shǔ)绮丽(qí)B.
缤纷(bīn)C.案牍(dú)n)ā(y幽咽D.亵玩(z hú)邑人(yì)ì)鸿儒(r
10
)下列加点字的注音全都正确的一项是:(
C.其两栖相比(靠近)者,各隐卷底衣褶。
D.及应河阳役,犹得(还能够)备晨炊。(
属于→类)
10
(
下列各组句子中加点意义相同的一组是:D )
A.不久)寻向所志(寻找)寻病终(
B.房子)
)便舍船(离开屋舍俨然(
C.武陵人捕鱼为业(做为)不足为外人道也(被)D.后遂无问津者(于是)遂与外人间隔(于是)
11下列句子中加点的“之”与例句中的“之”用法相同的一项是:( D )例句:中轩敞者为舱,箬篷覆之。
A.
夕日欲颓:太阳快落上了。倍穹:加倍的高。B.
腾身百变:翻腾着身子变换各江干:江岸。C.
种姿态。
D.沃日:冲荡太阳。沆砀:冰花一片弥漫。
3
下列词语中加点解释有误的一项是:( C )
A.销声匿迹(隐藏)风雪载途(满,填满)
日薄西山(迫近)年年如是( B.这,这样)
2020年八上语文基础知识测试题及答案
1.下列加点字注音全部正确的一项是( )A.匿.名(nì) 禁锢.(kù) 周济.(jì) 杳.无消息(yǎo) B.横.蛮(hèng) 炽.热(zhì) 酒肆.(sì) 颔.首低眉(hàn)C.吹嘘.(xū) 佃.农(diàn) 不逊.(xùn) 深恶.痛疾(è)D.诘.责(jié) 滞.留(zhì) 和蔼.(ǎi) 广袤.无垠(mào)2.下列词语中没有错别字的一项是( )(2分)A.轩昂躁热粗糙油光可鉴B.简陋落弟俭朴筋疲力尽C.窒息仁慈蒙昧为富不仁D.慰勉畸形愚钝诚皇诚恐3.下列句子中加点词语使用有误的一项是( )(2分)A.如果支付宝的“圈子”里藏污纳垢....,就可能吸引不法分子将病毒植入其中,对用户权益构成伤害。
B.照片中她身穿深色西服套装,或是正襟危坐....,或是嘟嘴卖萌,优雅俊美。
C.电影《大鱼海棠》的预告片中“守望重生”“义无反顾”“爱苦别离”三个章节对抑扬顿挫....的故事情节进行了更为细致的刻画。
D.他聪慧好学,多才多艺,阳光帅气,在我们年级鹤立鸡群....,是校草的热门人选。
4.下列句子中没有语病的一项是( )(2分)A.骑在“女红军”塑像头上拍照,此类不文明的旅游现象屡禁不止,其原因是缺乏个人修养造成的。
B.一档名为《朗读者》的大型朗读类节目播出,加上已经成为热门话题的《见字如面》,给人一种久违的文化气息。
C.一年一度的两会,吸引着来自各行各业的目光,打动着亿万百姓的心弦。
D.读者深受喜爱的杨绛先生,不凡的一生中,留下了大量文风质朴、寓意深刻的作品。
5.给下列句子排序,最恰当的一项是( )(2分)①建设书香型校园,鼓励学生们读经典的书。
②一所学校可能简陋贫乏,但只要有能为我们敞开世界之窗的书,那么,就足以称得上是学校。
③真正的教育一定是有利于启迪学生智慧的教育,阅读则可以启迪智慧。
(完整版)人教版八年级上册语文(2017部编版)专项练习基础知识
专项复习一基础训练(一)第一单元一、字音与字形1.请给下列加点字注音。
溃退 ( ) 签订()泄气 ( )眺望()....要塞 ( )歼灭()遗嘱( )翘首()....装颁发()悄然( )屏息 ( )澎湃()....2.请根据拼音写出相应的汉字。
:凛 li è() chà()那浩 hàn()dān()精竭虑号学紧 bēng( ) zhàn( )放dū( )战3.找出下列词语中的锗别字并改正。
(1)渗透萧洒眼花潦乱无怨无悔“”改为“”“”改为“”订:(2)仲栽巨额摧枯拉朽豪无斗志名“”改为“”“”改为“”姓(3)吞食由衰迎风招展振耳欲聋“”改为“”“”改为“”(4)临空沸滕如梦初醒顽强攻关“”改为“”“”改为“”:二、词语理解级班4.请你根据意思写出相应的词语或解释下列词语及词语中加点字的意思。
业专线( 1)摧枯拉朽:( 2):比喻力量所到之处,一切障碍全被扫除。
( 3)翘首:(4)屏息:(5)悄然:(6)眼花缭乱:.( 7) __ :好像刚从梦中醒过来,形容刚刚从糊涂、错误的境地中觉醒过( 8)自手起家:( 9):用尽精力,费尽心思(10)镌刻:.(11)惊心动魄:(12)一丝不苟:.(13)锐不可当:三、语段综合5.阅读下面文字,完成(1) -( 4)题。
在两人时断时续、不急不缓的对话声中,舰、机配合得非常默契。
发动机的咆.哮声越来越大,舰载机越来越近了。
绕舰一转弯、二转弯,放下起舰载机像凌波海燕,轻巧灵活地调整好姿态飞至舰艉后上方,对准甲板跑道,以几近声如千骑疾,气卷万山来。
惊心动魄的一幕出现了⋯⋯刹.那间,疾如闪电的下,滑行数十米后,稳稳地停了下来。
⋯⋯舰载战斗机上舰,中国白手起家,一切从名上将曾说:“我们可以把航空母舰送给你们,但是,十年之内,你们不可能让舰载为了这一着,面对技术封锁,多少人殚精竭虑,青丝变白发;多少人顽强攻场;多少人无怨无悔、默默奉献⋯⋯今天,终于有了一个圆满的结果,能不激动吗?( 1)请给下列加点字注音,或根据拼音写出相应的汉字,咆哮 ( ) 刹那 ( ) d ān( ) 精竭虑..( 2)语段中有错别字的一个词是“”,这个词的正确写法是“( 3)语段中主要运用了、对偶、和反问的修辞手法。
英语八年级上人教版Unit 8 Section A基础知识同步练习(含解析)
英语八年级上人教版Unit 8 Section A基础知识同步练(答案含解析)一、根据句意及汉语意思填空1. We need one cup of _______(玉米)to make popcorn.2. This morning my father bought two kilos of ______(奶酪).3. The _______(机器) kept running for two hours.4. —Would you like some _______(糖) in your milk?—Yes, just a little.5. Though the _______(洞) you can see all the things in the room.6. She loves _______(酸奶)so much that she eats it every day.7. You’d better not ________(摇动)the cola before you drink it.8. Would you like some ________(西瓜)or some cakes?9. My mother likes drinking tea with ______(蜂蜜).10. My mother put too much ______(盐)into the chicken soup.二、英汉互译1. 打开________2.切碎________3.把……倒入________4. 奶昔________5. 一杯酸奶________6. 制作水果沙拉________7. 把……放进________8. 制作爆米花__________9.植树__________10.挖坑__________11.make beef noodles__________12. add the salt__________三、从II栏中选出与I栏各项相对应的答语I( )1. Let’s make vegetable salad tonight.( )2. How much honey do we need?( )3. Do you know how to make tomato and egg soup? ( )4. How many bananas do we need?( )5. Can you make a banana milk shake?IIA. Two spoons.B. Three.C. Sorry, I can’t.D. OK, good idea!E. Sure! Let me teach you.四、根据句意、首字母或汉语提示完成句子1. S_______ looks like sugar(糖).2. Let’s make a banana milk s_______.3. You shouldn’t p_______ dirty water into the river.4. P_______ the bananas before you eat them.5. A lot of people like to drink tea with _______(蜂蜜).6. Please put one s_______ of milk into the blender.7. There are many fresh __________(potato) in the supermarket.五、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1. We need a little sugar and two _______(spoon)of salt.2. _______(Final), the rain stopped and the sun came out.3. John tasted his coffee and then ________(add)some milk to it.4. He is _________(pour)the milk into the blender now.5. Let’s _______(think) about it.六、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空1. _______ you should open the door, and then put it in.2. He walked a long way. _______ he got there.3. I don’t like this book. Could you give me_______ one?4. -How many ______ do we need to make fruit salad?— Two should be enough.5. _______ much corn do you need?七、单项选择1. -______ do you make popcorn?-First, put the corn into the popcorn machine, and then…A. HowB. WhatC. WhereD. When2. -_______ cups of orange juice are there on the table?-Five.A. How oftenB. How muchC. How manyD. How long3. -______ salt do you want, sir?-Half a kilo.A. How soonB. How oftenC. How manyD. How much4. —What can I do to help you, Mum?—I need some of the meat. You can _______ first.A. cut them upB. cut it upC. cut up themD. cut up it5. —Could you please _______ the radio, Sam? I am doing my homework now. —Sorry, I’ll do that right now.A. turn onB. turn atC. turn upD. turn down6. Mom, one hamburger is not enough for me. I want ______.A. other oneB. one otherC. another oneD. one another7. Wash some tomatoes and then ______.A. cut up themB. cut them upC. cut up itD. cut it up8. My mom asked me to buy some milk on my way home, but I forgot ______ it.A. to buyB. buyingC. to drinkD. drinking9. ______ an umbrella with you, or you will get wet on such a rainy day.A. To takeB. TakingC. TookD. Take10. -_______-Yes. You have finished your work and you can go home now.A. Have a good day.B. How come?C. Long time no see.D. That’s it?八、按要求完成句子1. We need two spoons of honey. (对划线部分提问)_______ _______ _______ of honey do you need?2. Pour the milk into the blender. (改为否定句)_______ _______ the milk into the blender.3. Finally, please taste it slowly. (改为同义句)_______ _______,please taste it slowly.4. popcorn, the, put, machine, into, the, corn(.)(连词成句)5. He knows a little about Chinese.(对划线部分提问)_______ _______ does he know about Chinese?6. There is an apple in the picture. (对划线部分提问)_______ _______ in the picture?九、根据汉语意思完成句子1.妈妈回到家后,我给她剥个橘子。
八上单元基础知识复习练习
八年级上Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?1.We decided (go) to the beach near our hotel.2.I really enjoy (walk) around the town.3.We wanted (walk) up to the top.4.My family (go) to the beach every summer.5.Did you have a great time (talk) in groups?6. Lucy usually_ ______to school early. But today she ________to school late. (go)7.Our teacher often keeps us (read) English in the morning.8. It’s very interesting _____ ( feed) the pets.9.唯一的难题是在晚上除了读书没有什么可做的。
The only problem was there was to do in the evening read.10.我给我父母买了一些东西,但自己没买什么。
I for my parents, for myself.11.我们等了一个多小时的或车,因为有太多的人。
We over an hour the train too many people.12.我的腿如此劳累,以至于我想停下来。
My legs were tired I wanted to stop.13.Did you enjoy yourself last night?(同义句转换) ==Did you last night?14.We rode bicycles to park.(同义句转换) ==We went to park .15.He did some sports last week.(改为否定句) == He sports last week.16.What do you think of the TV play?(同义句转换) == do you the TV play?17.Why don’t you come to join us?(同义句) == come to join us?( )18. Monday afternoon we rode bicycle to Gegetown. A.On B.In C.At D.Of( )19.I had useful umbrella when it rained. A.a B.an C.\ D.the( )20.Our teacher often keeps us classroom every day,so we must keep our classroom .A.clean,cleanB.cleaning,cleaningC.cleaning,cleanD.clean,cleaning( )21. The only problem was there was nothing much to do in the evening read.A.andB.soC.thenD.but( )22. She is new here,so she has _______friends at school.A, much B. Few C, little D. A little( )23.—Help ______to some fruits. —Thank you. A. yourself B. your C. you( )24—I am going to London for a holiday next month. —_________!A. Have a good timeB. It’s terribleC. Good jobD. What a pity八年级上Unit2 How often do you exercise?1. Mike goes to see his grandparents _________(one) a week.2. He spends more than an hour __________(exercise) every day.3. He didn’t go to school. He c ould ____ ____(hard) read or write.4.To keep healthy,I decide _______ (exercise) half an hour every day.5. Your sweater is beautiful. I want _________(buy) one,too.6. How about (go) shopping on Sundays?7. He usually study English by (read) it in the morning.8.They always go to bed early,they never (熬夜).9.I go shopping (一周三次).10.Vegetables are (对……有好处)our health.11.He plays soccer (至少) four time a month.12.We found only (百分之十五) of the students exercise every day.13. --_________ _______(多久一次)does your brother exercise? --Every day.14.She is (一个五岁的) girl.15.Her parents are not very because she (几乎从不)helps with housework.16.I always eat junk food,(改为否定句) I __________ eat junk food.17.Mary is 16 years old.(改为同义句) Mary is girl.18.I go to school five days a week.(提问) do y to come?20.She usually watches TV for over two hours a day.(同义句) ==S ou go to school a week?19.Do you want to come? (同义句) you he usually watches TV for two hours a day.21. She eats junk food once a week.(对画线部分提问) ______ _____ ______she eat junk food?( )22.—do you exercise? —Hardly ever.A.How many timesB.How oftenC.WhenD.How( )23.Tom studies _______. He _______plays with his friends.A. hard; hardB. hardly; hardlyC. Hard;hardlyD. hardly; hard( )24.Jane is high school student in the United States.A.a 18-year-oldB.a 18-years-oldC.an 18-years-oldD.an 18-year-old( )25. Reading aloud is the best way English.A.to learnB.learningC.to learnD.learns八年级上Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.( )1.Kate is very .She likes to stay at home and read books .A.outgoingB.kindC.funnyD.quite( )2.Her ruler is shorter than . A.me B.my C.mine D.I( )3.--Why do you like winter in Sanya? --Because it is winter in Beijing .A.as warm asB.much warmer thanC.not warmer than( )4.--Your mother looks so young .--But she is more than 50 .she always dances in the park after dinner .A.in factB.as long asC.at least( )5.Jim is shorter than Tom . A.very B.too C.quite D.a little6.This story is as (interest) as that one .7.Julie is much (smart) than Lily .8.My cousin does (well) in math than me . 9.The (funny) one of the two sons is Tom .10.It was hot yesterday ,but it is even (hot) today . 11.I am good at (play) basketball.12.I can talk about and (share) everything with my mother .13.Lily isn’t as tall as Lucy . (改同义句)Lily is than Lucy .14.We both study very hard at school . (改同义句)study very hard at school .15.My father is a teacher .My father is a teacher ,too .(合并为一句)My parents teachers .16.Mikeis good at English . (改同义句)Mike English .17.对我来说交朋友很难。
仁爱版八年级上册基础知识练习试题试题(含答案)
仁爱版八年级上册基础知识练习试题试题(含答案)八年级上册仁爱版基础知识训练题一【夯实基础】I. 单项选择。
1. She prefers ______ basketball.A. playB. to playingC. playingD. plays2. — ______ do you play sports?— Once a week.A. How longB. How oftenC. How manyD. How much3. Lucy would like ______ skiing on Sunday.A. goB. goesC. to goD. going4. ______ makes your body strong.A. RuningB. RunningC. To runD. Runner5. What language do you ______?A. sayB. talkC. speakD. speaks6. — ______— He is a little ill.A. What’s wrong with him?B. Is he ill?C. Isn’t he healthy?D. Is he in hospital?7. There is ______ on the table.A. so many waterB. so much waterC. so many applesD. so many students8. It’s important______.A. stay healthyB. stay healthC. to stay healthyD. to stay health9. ______ more sports and you can ______ next year.A. Do, be healthB. Doing, healthC. Do, be healthyD. Doing, healthy10. The box is so heavy that he _______ life it _______.A. can, easilyB. can’t, easyC. can, easilyD. can’t, easily11. I’ll tell her when she ______ back.A. cameB. will comeC. comesD. is coming12. Who made Tom ______ so tired?A. feelingB. feelsC. feelD. to feel13. He will be back ______ four days.A. afterB. inC. fromD. to14. ______ a cold winter morning, the girl died.A. OnB. InC. AtD. From15. They are _______ Beijing tomorrow.A. leave forB. will leave forC. leaving forD. going to leaving for16. Would you mind ______ here?A. don’t smokeB. don’t smokingC. not smokingD. not smoke17. There _______ a meeting this afternoon.A. isB. areC. will beD. will have18. She knows ______ about English. She only knowssome of the letter.A. a lotB. littleC. muchD. many19. We shouldn’t ______ in class.A. talkB. speakC. sayD. tell20. You ______ take off your coat on a cold morning.A . had better B. had better notC. didn’t have betterD. had not better答案1-5 CBCBC 6-10 ABCCC11-15DCBAC 16-20 CCBAB二、【夯实基础】I. 单项选择。
人教版八年级上册语文专项练习基础知识
专项复习一基础训练(一)第一单元一、字音与字形1.请给下列加点字注音。
溃.退( ) 签.订()泄.气( )眺.望()要塞.( )歼.灭()遗嘱.( )翘.首()颁.发()悄.然( )屏.息( )澎湃.()2.请根据拼音写出相应的汉字。
凛liè()chà( )那浩hàn()dān( )精竭虑紧bēng( ) zhàn( )放dū( )战3.找出下列词语中的锗别字并改正。
(1)渗透萧洒眼花潦乱无怨无悔“”改为“”“”改为“”(2)仲栽巨额摧枯拉朽豪无斗志“”改为“”“”改为“”(3)吞食由衰迎风招展振耳欲聋“”改为“”“”改为“”(4)临空沸滕如梦初醒顽强攻关“”改为“”“”改为“”二、词语理解4.请你根据意思写出相应的词语或解释下列词语及词语中加点字的意思。
(1)摧枯拉朽:(2):比喻力量所到之处,一切障碍全被扫除。
(3)翘首:(4)屏息:(5)悄然:(6)眼花缭.乱:(7)__ :好像刚从梦中醒过来,形容刚刚从糊涂、错误的境地中觉醒过来。
(8)自手起家:(9):用尽精力,费尽心思(10)镌.刻:(11)惊心动魄:(12)一丝不苟.:(13)锐不可当:三、语段综合5.阅读下面文字,完成(1)-(4)题。
在两人时断时续、不急不缓的对话声中,舰、机配合得非常默契。
发动机的咆.哮声越来越大,舰载机越来越近了。
绕舰一转弯、二转弯,放下起落架,放下尾钩,歼-15舰载机像凌波海燕,轻巧灵活地调整好姿态飞至舰艉后上方,对准甲板跑道,以几近完美的轨迹迅速下滑。
声如千骑疾,气卷万山来。
惊心动魄的一幕出现了……刹.那间,疾如闪电的舰载机在阻拦索系统的作用下,滑行数十米后,稳稳地停了下来。
……舰载战斗机上舰,中国白手起家,一切从零开始。
某大国一名上将曾说:“我们可以把航空母舰送给你们,但是,十年之内,你们不可能让舰载机上舰!”为了这一着,面对技术封锁,多少人殚精竭虑,青丝变白发;多少人顽强攻关,累倒在试验场;多少人无怨无悔、默默奉献……今天,终于有了一个圆满的结果,能不激动吗?(1)请给下列加点字注音,或根据拼音写出相应的汉字,咆.哮( ) 刹.那( ) dān( )精竭虑(2)语段中有错别字的一个词是“”,这个词的正确写法是“”(3)语段中主要运用了、对偶、和反问的修辞手法。
八上基础知识练习
八上基础知识练习一、用所给动词的正确形式填空1. I __________ (do) my homework last night2.She _________(open)the mailbox the day after tomorrow.3. I _______ ( help ) the little baby drink the milk the next morning.4. The farmers __________ (work) on the farm next week.5. My parents_________ ( watch) TV last Monday.二、句型转换6. I had a nice time last Sunday. (改为一般疑问句)________ you _______ nice time last Sunday?7. He did his homework in the morning. (改为否定句)He_________ __________ his homework in the morning.三、选择填空( )8. The film_______for half an hour.A. has begunB. has been begunC. has been onD. began ( )9. Y ou don’t have to describe her. I______her several times.A. had metB. have metC. meetD. met( )10. Miss Y ang is not at home. She____to the school library.A. wentB. has beenC. goesD. has gone( )11. He has never visited the Great Hall of the People._____?A. hasn’t heB. has heC. does heD. doesn’t he( )12. He wants ______ some vegetables.A. buyB. buyingC. to buyD. buys( )13. Don't forget ______ your homework with you when you come to school.A.to bringB. bringingC. to takeD. taking( )14. He found it very difficult ______.A. sleepingB. sleepsC. sleptD. to fall asleep四、用was/were填空:1、I _______ listening to the music.2、She _______ playing the piano.3、They _______ looking at the flowers.4、We _______ having a picnic.5、Lingling _______ watching TV.6、Two boys _______ reading book.7、Y our uncle and aunt _______ visiting the Great Wall.8、Everyone ________ having lunch.9、People _______ working on the farm.10、Some women _______ singing pop music.。
新人教版八年级物理上册知识点基础练习(全册含答案)
第二章声现象第一节声音产生和的传播1、声音是由于物体的振动而产生的。
2、振动的物体一定在发声;发声的物体一定在振动。
(选填:一定、不一定)3、振动物体发出的声音,我们不一定能听到(选填:一定、不一定)。
因此,我们不能用我们是否听到了声音来判断物体是否在发声(选填:能、不能)。
4、声源是自己能发声的物体。
5、人的说话声,是由于人的声带振动而产生的;蜜蜂从我们身边飞过时的“嗡翁”声,是蜜蜂翅膀的振动而产生的;打鼓时的的鼓声是由于鼓面的振动而产生的;蝉的鸣叫声是由于发声器的振动而产生的;吹笛子时笛声是由于笛子中空气的震动而产生的;拉小提琴时,小提琴的声音是琴弦的振动发出的。
6、我们能听到老师的讲课声,说明声音能在气体中传播。
在金鱼缸边拍手,金鱼会受到惊吓,说明声音除了可以在气体中传播外,还能在液体中传播。
地道战中的游击队员通过一根细铁丝就能听到另一个地道中游击队员的说话声,说明声音能在固体中传播。
在月球上的宇航员相互距离很近也不能直接对话,而要通过无线电通话,这说明声音不能在真空中传播。
7、声音能在固体、液体和气体中传播,不能在真空中传播。
所以声音的传播需要介质。
8、放一个手机在密闭的玻璃球内,当我们给手机发信息时,我们能听到手机铃声,能看到指示灯的闪烁(选填:能、不能);当我们用抽气机抽出玻璃球内的过程中,我们听到的铃声会越来越小。
而把空气抽完后,我们就不能听到手机的铃声了,这是因为真空不能传声。
9、声音是以波的形式向外传播的,所以声音又叫声波。
10、声音的传播需要时间,所以声音有速度叫声速。
11、声音在固体中传播速度最快,在气体中传播速度最慢。
古时候,远征的战士们晚上睡觉时,常常“枕戈待旦”就可以很快地发现敌人夜间偷袭,这是因为固体传声比气体传声快的原因。
铁道游击队员常常用耳朵贴着铁轨听,敌人的火车还离得很远就知道了,这是因为固体传声比气体传声快的原因。
夜间狗睡觉时,总是把一只耳朵贴着地面,来人离人家很远,人还没有感觉到,狗就会叫起来,也是因为固体传声比气体传声快的原因。
语文八年级上册基础知识测试题答案
语文八年级上册基础知识测试题答案一、基础知识(15分)1、下列加点字注音全对的一组是( )(3分)A溃退(kuì) 泄气(-iè) 绯红(fēi) 颁发(fēn)B匿名(nì) 畸形(jī) 仲裁(zhòng) 由衷(zhōng)C悄然(qiāo) 不逊(-ùn) 镌刻(juān) 锐不可当(dǎng)D翘首(qiào) 娴熟(-ián) 诘责(jié)深恶痛疾(wù)2.下列各组词语中书写完全正确的一项是()(3分)A.蒙眛躁热筋疲力尽眼花缭乱B.劳碌操纵油光可见暗然失色C.烂漫窒息为富不仁掸精竭虑D.浩瀚教诲粗制滥造白手起家3.下列句子中加点词语使用错误的一项是( )(3分)A.这次考试实在太糟糕,自试卷发下来起,他就郁郁寡欢,坐在那里,一句话也不说。
B.目前,水资源短缺情况正以锐不可当之势影响着我们的生活。
C.在公共场所吸烟、乱扔垃圾、脱鞋等行为让人深恶痛疾。
D.他们对自己所想象的这位文坛泰斗形象颔首低眉,敬重有加。
4.下列语句中没有语病的一项是( )(3分)A.中国比其他任何国家都更关心南海的和平与稳定,为维护其和平与稳定,我国发扬了灯塔的作用。
B.相关专家呼吁尽快建立防控校园欺凌的有效机制,以便及早干预、发现和制止欺凌行为。
C.青春剧应该既重视对青春梦想、奋斗历程的深度呈现,又重视对青少年情感的生动刻画。
D.海燕队第一仗就以3比0的比分淘汰了近两年一直没赢过的飞虎队。
5.下列表述正确的一项是( )(3分)A.鲁迅、原名周树人,他所写的《藤野先生》选自《呐喊》。
B.苏轼,宋代文学家,他与韩愈、柳宗元、曾巩、王安石、苏洵、苏辙、黄庭坚被称为“唐宋八大家”。
C.《列夫·托尔斯泰》是奥地利著名小说家茨威格写的。
D.《黄鹤楼》这首诗既抒发了人去楼空、世事苍茫的感慨,又表达了对友人的怀念之情。
二、名句积累与运用(10分)6.________________, 松柏有本性。
新人教版八年级物理上册知识点基础练习(全册含答案)
第二章声现象第一节声音产生和的传播1、声音是由于物体的振动而产生的。
2、振动的物体一定在发声;发声的物体一定在振动。
(选填:一定、不一定)3、振动物体发出的声音,我们不一定能听到(选填:一定、不一定)。
因此,我们不能用我们是否听到了声音来判断物体是否在发声(选填:能、不能)。
4、声源是自己能发声的物体。
5、人的说话声,是由于人的声带振动而产生的;蜜蜂从我们身边飞过时的“嗡翁”声,是蜜蜂翅膀的振动而产生的;打鼓时的的鼓声是由于鼓面的振动而产生的;蝉的鸣叫声是由于发声器的振动而产生的;吹笛子时笛声是由于笛子中空气的震动而产生的;拉小提琴时,小提琴的声音是琴弦的振动发出的。
6、我们能听到老师的讲课声,说明声音能在气体中传播。
在金鱼缸边拍手,金鱼会受到惊吓,说明声音除了可以在气体中传播外,还能在液体中传播。
地道战中的游击队员通过一根细铁丝就能听到另一个地道中游击队员的说话声,说明声音能在固体中传播。
在月球上的宇航员相互距离很近也不能直接对话,而要通过无线电通话,这说明声音不能在真空中传播。
7、声音能在固体、液体和气体中传播,不能在真空中传播。
所以声音的传播需要介质。
8、放一个手机在密闭的玻璃球内,当我们给手机发信息时,我们能听到手机铃声,能看到指示灯的闪烁(选填:能、不能);当我们用抽气机抽出玻璃球内的过程中,我们听到的铃声会越来越小。
而把空气抽完后,我们就不能听到手机的铃声了,这是因为真空不能传声。
9、声音是以波的形式向外传播的,所以声音又叫声波。
10、声音的传播需要时间,所以声音有速度叫声速。
11、声音在固体中传播速度最快,在气体中传播速度最慢。
古时候,远征的战士们晚上睡觉时,常常“枕戈待旦”就可以很快地发现敌人夜间偷袭,这是因为固体传声比气体传声快的原因。
铁道游击队员常常用耳朵贴着铁轨听,敌人的火车还离得很远就知道了,这是因为固体传声比气体传声快的原因。
夜间狗睡觉时,总是把一只耳朵贴着地面,来人离人家很远,人还没有感觉到,狗就会叫起来,也是因为固体传声比气体传声快的原因。
Unit4基础知识练习 人教版英语八年级上册
八上英语Unit4基础知识练习一、单项选择1.He thinks his hometown is of all.A.beautifulB.more beautifulC.most beautifulD.the most beautiful2.This examination is very important to you. You should take it very .A.clearlyB.loudlyC.seriouslyD.quickly3.—Betty, can you tell me some ways to keep healthy? —Sure. , you can take a walk in the evening.A.For exampleB.At mostC.In timeD.Of course 4.Xin Hua Cinema has ________ seats in our city.A.the most comfortable B.the most comfortablest C.the comfortablest D.comfortablest5. The Yellow River is ________ in China.A.the longest river B.the first longest rivers C.the second longest river D.longer river6.—What is your favorite sport?—Playing chess, I think. It’s ________ of all.A.easier B.more difficultC.the most interesting D.the most boring7.The teacher asked the students to ______a story about a tripto the moon.A.give upB.turn upC.cut upD.make up8.Let's walk there,because it's close _______our school.A.byB.toC.fromD.with9.All these talent shows have one thing _______common.A.onB.inC.atD.for10.There is no difference between the two words. I really don't know________.A. what to chooseB. which to chooseC. to choose whichD. to choose what11.The Yangtze River is one of ________ rivers in the world. A.the longest B.Longer C.very long D.longest12.—I think Moon Theater has ________ seats in my town. —Yes.I usually go there with my friends.A.more comfortable B.WorseC.the most comfortable D.the worst13.—Did you enjoy the ________?—Yes,it was delicious. A.party B.Meal C.trip D.movie14.Of the three pencil boxes,the boy chose one.A.less expensive B.the most expensiveC.the less expensive D.more expensive15.—Do you know Sun Yang?—Yes.He is one of ________ sportsmen in China.A.popular B.more popular C.most popular D.the most popular16.—__ do you eat junk food?—I eat it three times a week.A.How long B.How far C.How often D.How much 17.—How do you like Shanghai?—It is one of in China, and it is also the trade(贸易) center in China.A.the largest city B.largest cityC.the largest cities D.the large cities18.Bob skates ___ than me, but he doesn't skate ____ my brother. A.better; so good as B.better; so well as C.worse; as good as D.worse; as well as19. —________ is the bus stop from your school? —6 minutes by bike.A. How farB. How longC. How oftenD. How much20 My cousin started to play the guitar at the age of five. Now he becomes ________ in it.A. the more interestedB. more interested and interestedC. more and more interestedD. interested and interested21.He spoke loudly to make _____ in the room hear him clearly.A. somebodyB. everybodyC. nobodyD. anybody22.—Thanks for _______ me with my English.—It's my pleasure. I'm glad you've made such great progress.A. helpB. to helpC. helpingD. helps23.Mr. Liu is a really nice person — the _______ person I know.A. nicerB. nicestC. happierD. happiest24.Some jazz musicians are great because they can _____ music while playing.A. put upB. set upC. take upD. make up25.Everything from how we cook meat to what we eat for dinner can _____ our brain health.A. take pride inB. have an interest inC. play a role inD. believe in26.—Home is place wherever you go.—East or west, home is the best.A. warmB. warmerC. warmestD. the warmest27.Look, there are beautiful flowers in the garden.I don’t know which one to see.A. a kind ofB. kind ofC. different kindsD. all kinds of28.— _____ is it from your school to the bus stop?—It's about 5 minutes' walk.A. How oftenB. How longC. How soonD. How far29.The artist is so _____ that he can make different changing pictures with sand.A. commonB. carelessC. creativeD. helpful30.—Our neighborhood is so dirty. Shall we clean it this afternoon or tomorrow?—_____. Any time is OK.A. It is up to youB. Excuse meC. Have a good timeD. I'm afraid I can't31.The Hongkong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge(港珠澳大桥), ________ sea-crossing bridge in the world was opened on October 24,2018. A.long B.the longest C.longer D.longest 32.—How about the dishes?— Wonderful ! Nothing tastes _________.A.nice B.better C.terrible D.worse 33.Adults are encouraged _______ teenagers more chances to make their own decisions.A.to give B.give C.giving D.gave34.Of all the students in my class, Lily studies ___. A.most carefully B.carefully C.more carefully 35.—Hi, Diana, how was your summer holiday?—________! I enjoyed myself in the sea very much. A.Good idea B.Wait a minuteC.That's too bad D.Pretty good36.There is more space in the high-speed train and the journeybecomes more ________.A.serious B.boring C.dangerous D.comfortable 37.—Did Kate do best in the final exam?—No, but of all the students she did .A.the most careful B.more carefulC.most carefully D.more carefully38.We should eat fruit and vegetables, but meat. It’s good for our health.A.less, more B.more, more C.more, less39.–How can I get some ______ about the 2016 Olympic Games? --Why not search the Internet?A.information B.experience C.practice D.success 40.Among the four seas off the coast of China, East China Sea is the second ________.A.Deep B.Deeper C.Deepest D.the deepest41. —What can I do for you, sir?—Tomorrow is my son’s birthday. I want to ____ a gift for him.A. shareB. chooseC. dreamD. give42. She is_______ singer in China now.A. most popularB. the most popularC. more popularD. popular43. I’m very proud that Beijing is one of ______ cities in theworld.A. bigB. biggerC. biggestD. the biggest44. ________ isn't always easy to enjoy yourself on holidays, because there are too many people everywhere.A. ThatB. ThisC. OneD. It45.AlphaGo has beaten the top professional go(围棋) player. So many people think it's________ go player in the world.A.a good B.a better C.the best D.good46. —________ did you think of the 6th Chinese Film Festival in France, Jane?—Oh, it was great.A. HowB. WhatC. WhichD. Why47. —When will Joe come here again?—Next Tuesday or Wednesday. It’s up ________ him.A. onB. forC. toD. with48. Parents play a role in ________ their children. A.teach B.teaches C.to teach D.teaching49. Nanjing isn’t so large _________Shanghai. However, it’s the second ______ city in East China.A. like; largestB. as; largestC. like; largeD. as; large50. —Did Kate do best in the final exam?—No, but of all the students she did______.A. the most carefulB. more carefulC. most carefullyD. more carefully51. —Home is _____ place wherever you go.—East or west, home is the best.A. warmB. warmerC. warmestD. the warmest52. —Do you know Lin Shuhao?—Yes, he is one of _____ basketball players in NBA.A. popularB. more popularC. the most popularD. most popular53. —Shall we go fishing the day after tomorrow?—_____ I must stay at home to look after my little brother.A.It's up to you.B. Excuse me.C. I'm afraid not.D. Have a good time.54. —Tom is really _____ honest boy.—Yes. That's why he is _____ most popular student in his class.A. an; aB. an; theC. a; theD. the; /55. —As long as you are hard-working, you will get better grades.—_____. No pain, no gain.A. I don't think soB. I agree with youC. I don't mind itD. I can't stand it56. Sharing plays an important role in _____ along with your good friends.A. getB. getsC. gotD. getting57. —_____ is it from your home to school?—It's about two kilometers.A. How longB. How farC. How soonD. How often58. Dogs can have many talents. _____, they can jump ropes with people.A. For exampleB. After allC. What's moreD. All in all59. I _____ a seat near the door so that I could get off the bus easily.A. touchedB. choseC. brokeD. reached60. —How heavy the traffic is!—That's because the number of the cars in our city _____ getting _____ now.A. are; moreB. are; largerC. is; largerD. is; more61.—Look!There is ________ ticket on the desk.—Yes.________ ticket is Tom's.A.an;The B.a;The C.a;A D.an;An62.—Deng Ming runs fastest ________ all the students. —Yes,he really does.A.for B.of C.at D.with63.—What do you want to be after you leave school?—I want to be a ________ to tell the common people the truth. A.dentist B.doctor C.farmer D.reporter64.My home is ________ to the school.I only spend five minutes walking there.A.close B.enough C.similar D.Happy65.I think the music of the movie is ________ one. A.boring B.as boring C.boring D.the most boring66.We have a lovely room.It's one of ______ rooms in the hotel. A.nice B.Nicer C.nicest D.the nicest67.—How do you like Miller's Clothing Store?—Oh,it's too bad.I think it is ________ clothing store in town. A.the best B.the worst C.better D.worse68.My father always exercises every day,so he is ________ of my family.A.healthy B.Healthier C.the healthiest D.the most healthy 69.—Which month has ________ days in a year?—February.It usually has twenty-eight days.A.few B.Little C.the least D.the fewest70.—Li Hua speaks English ________ Xiao Lin.—I don't think so.I think Li Hua does ________ better than Xiao Lin.A.as good as;a lot B.as well as;muchC.as good as;a little D.as well as;more71.—Which country has the_____population in the world? —China.A.smallest B.most C.largest D.large 72.Taobao. com is one of ________ shopping websites in China. A.large B.larger C.largest D.the largest 73.The air in Beijing is getting much ________ now than a few years ago.A.clean B.cleaner C.cleanest D.the cleanest 74.—How about the fruit salad?—Wonderful! Nothing tastes _______.A.nice B.better C.terrible D.worse 75.—What do you think of the house, dear?—________ I can't find a better one.A.Too bad. B.Pretty good!B.C.Good idea! D.Too expensive.76. I watched a show by Mahua FunAge at the ________ yesterday. It was really wonderful.A. libraryB. museumC. hospitalD. theater 77.This temple is one of _______buildings in the town. We must take action to protect it.A.old B.Older C.oldest D.the oldest 78.—I don't think history is more useful than physics.—I disagree. In my opinion, history is ________ physics. A.as useful as B.not so useful asC.less useful than D.the most useful of二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.Tony is the _____ (young) of the boys, but he is the tallest.2.Who is the _____ (popular) student, Sam, Mike or Mary?3.We all know that the Yellow River is one of the _____ (long) rivers in China.4.India has the second _____ (large) population in the world.5.Shanxi is our home. We should take _____ (act) to make it more beautiful.6.Who runs (fast),Jack,Mike or John?7.The weather was bad yesterday,but it's much (bad) today. 8.Miss Zhao is (popular) teacher in our school. 9.This TV show is (interesting) than that one. 10.I think Sunny Cinema is t(good) cinema in town because it has (comfortable) seats and (big) screens.11._____ (reporter) from all over the world are waiting for more information about the meeting.12.There is no food in the fridge. Let's go out for a ___(meal).13.You look much _____ (pretty) with long hair.14.Doing homework _____ (careful) is a good habit and it helpsa lot.15."Where did the time go'' is one of my favorite _____(song).16._____ (reporter) from all over the world are waiting for moreinformation about the meeting.17.You look much _____(pretty) with long hair.18.People who watch the show play a role in (decide) the winner.19.I enjoy (watch) China's Got Talent very much.20.Who was the worst (perform) ?21.Math is one of the most difficult _______(subject).22.Jack is_______(tall) than any other boy in class. So he is the _______.23.Lily is __________(outgoing) than the other students in class.24.She speaks as _______ (clear) as she can.25.om is ______________(hard-working) boy in Class Two.26. Li Yundi is regarded as a ________(talent) piano player.27. Lots of ________(perform) from different places around China took part in the talent show.28. My parents asked me to treat my study ________(serious).29. Both of them are the ___(win) of the English speech contest.30. My friend Lisa plays the violin _______(well) in our school.31. The Ice and Snow Festival___(last) about six days last year.32. The price of a hotel room ________(be) about 30 yuan a night.33. Helongjiang is in ________(north) China.34. He went to out without ________(say) a word.35. He spent two hours in ________(read) the story.36. The Ice and Snow Festival __(last) about six days last year.37. The price of a hotel room ________(be) about 30 yuan a night.38. Helongjiang is in ________(north) China.39. He went to out without ________(say) a word.40. He spent two hours in ________(read) the story.41.Sally sang the most (beautiful).42.Mike is the most (creative) student in his class. 43.Who is the most (serious),Frank,Dave or Nick?44.Her friend wants to be a (perform) when she grows up. 45.Lucy is (quiet) than Julie,but Tara is the (quiet) of all.46.Would you like to go to the movies this evening?I have two (ticket).47.Yesterday his mother (choose) a red T-shirt.48.You can buy things __________(cheap) here than in that shop49.It's raining.You must drive (care) enough.50.Of all the boys,David did (badly).51. Of all the ________ (theater), Big Cinema is the biggest.52. In our class, Mike's home is the ________ (close) to school.53. Excuse me, sir. Get me three ________ (ticket), please.54. Who works ________ (careful), Lisa, Linda or Helen?55. Sonia's dream is to be a ________ (report) like her aunt.56.I think English is _______(easy) of all the subjects.三、根据句意、首字母或汉语提示写单词1.I like living in the countryside. The air there is veryf .2.The children watched a wonderful movie in the movie t yesterday afternoon.3.His little daughter can sing a few English s .4.Look!The name of the movie is on the s .5.Moon Cinema has the most c seats.I usually go thereto watch movies.6.I think his sister sang the most _____(优美地) yesterday.7.Can you give me an _____(例子) of how to improve speakingskills?8.I want to be a _____(魔术师) when I grow up.9.Jack helped me buy two _____(入场券) to the baseball game.10.Here's the _____ (菜单).What would you like, sir?11.My sister is good at singing. She often wins first p_____in different singing competitions.12.The w of this year's Young Star Award is...Daniel! Well done!13.Thomas Edison was c . He had many inventionsin his life.14.They are serious people, and they always take everything s.15.Please don’t eat the vegetables because they are not f__________.16.We usually eat three (餐) a day—breakfast,lunch and supper.17.Is there any fish on the (菜单) at the restaurant? 18.It is (相当) cold this morning.Please wear your hat. 18.Bill (扮演) the old farmer in the play. 19.The food is good at this restaurant,but the (服务) is bad.20.In this restaurant, the _ (服务) is terrible. So is the food.21.Kids always believe that _____ (魔术师) have magical powers.22.The train was very _____ (拥挤的) and we felt uncomfortable.23.At the party, Amy is the girl dressing the most _____ (漂亮地).24.She just got the lead _____ (角色) in the new movie.。
八年级语文上册基基础知识达标测试题及参考答案
八年级语文上册基基础知识达标测试题及参考答案夯基达标优化训练我夯基•我达标1.根据拼音写汉字。
尴gà() piē()见zǔ()咒倔iàng()乳l à()huàn()养滑ī()阿yú()解析:此题考查我们对生字词的掌握,这几个字都容易写错,书写时一定要注意。
答案:尬瞥诅强酪豢稽谀2.解释下列词语。
(1)老态龙钟:______________________________________(2)了如指掌:______________________________________(3)鬼使神差:______________________________________(4)咄咄逼人:______________________________________解析:此题考查词语积累,要参考课下注释,正确理解它们的意义。
参考答案:(1)形容年老体衰的样子。
龙钟,行动不灵便的样子。
(2)形容对情况了解得非常清楚。
(3)鬼神在暗中指使,比喻不由自主地做出某种意想不到的事。
(4)形容气势汹汹,盛气凌人。
3.辨字组词。
解析:此题考查我们对形似字的区别,做题时,一定要看清偏旁。
4.用下列句子中加点的词语造句。
(1)对外祖父的怨恨正在一点点地消失,他不由自主地走了过去。
(2)山米再次走进水里,他回头看看正在摆弄鱼竿的外祖父,突然感到心里涌起一股热流。
解析:首先要掌握这两个词的意思。
不由自主:由不得自己,控制不了自己。
涌起:水或云气冒出。
答案示例:(1)冷风直往门缝里钻进,我不由自主地颤抖起。
(2)想想他刚才的一举一动,我的心里不由得涌起一股热浪。
我综合•我发展一、阅读理解(一)阅读课从“第二天,山米一醒就跑去看望那只鹤”至结尾,完成5—8题。
5.选中说“老人一夜之间竟苍老了许多”,请联系课内容说一说老人苍老的原因。
解析:这是山米的心理变化。
八年级上册基础知识及练习(含答案)
第一章 机械运动基本知识:1.我们把汽车的行驶、地球的转动等,物体的 位置 随时间的变化叫做机械运动。
2.同一物体是运动还是静止,取决于所选的 参照物 ,这就是运动和静止的 相对性 。
3.速度是表示物体 运动快慢 的物理量。
速度的计算公式为ts v ,它的国际单位是 m/s ,交通运输中还常用的单位是 km/h 。
人步行的速度约为1m/s= 3.6 km/h 。
4.物体沿着 直线 且 快慢 不变的运动叫匀速直线运动。
5.测量长度的工具是 刻度尺 ,使用前应先观察它的 量程 和 分度值 ,并注意 零刻度线 是否磨损。
用其测量物体长度时,应与被测长度 平行 ;让零刻度或其他整数刻度与被测长度的一端 对齐 ;并让刻度线 紧靠 被测物体;读数时,视线与尺面 垂直 ,并应估读到 分度值的下一位 ;记录结果由 数值 和 单位 组成。
6.测量时,受所用仪器和测量方法的限制,测量值与真实值之间总会有差别,这就是 误差 ,多次测量 求平均值 ,选用精密的 测量工具 ,改进 测量方法 ,都可以减小误差,但 不能 (能或不能)消灭误差。
误差 不是 (是或不是)错误。
基础练习:1.如图所示,用分度值不同的刻度尺测量物体的长度。
(1)图(a )中,刻度尺的分度值是 ,物体长度为 cm 。
(2)图(b )中,刻度尺的分度值是 ,物体长度为 cm 。
2.研究行驶的汽车里的人的运动时,以路旁的树为参照物,人是 的,以汽车为参照物,人是 的。
3.人造地球同步卫星相对于地面是______的,相对于太阳,它是______的.4.飞行员在描述飞机俯冲时说,“大地迎面扑来”.这是以_____做参照物.5.自行车的速度5m/s= km/h ;汽车的速度72km/h= m/s ;36km/h= m/s ;108km/h= m/s 。
6.某同学以1m/s 的速度步行上学需20min 到校,则他家到学校大约 m,若他改骑自行车以5m/s 的速度上学,大约需要 min 到校。
人教八年级上册Unit 2单元基础知识练习(有答案)
八年级上册Unit 2单元基础知识练习(考试时间:40分钟试卷满分:100分)一、单词串联(30 分)二、单项选择(共15分)( )1. __________________ he is ill, __________________ he goes to school.A. Although;butB. /;/C. Although;/D. But;although ( )2. I __________________ go to school on foot. But yesterday, I took a bus to school.A. neverB. hardlyC. seldomD. usually ( )3. Mr. Li asks the students __________________ in the river, because it’s too dangerous. A. swim B. to swim C. not to swim D. to not swim ( )4. —__________________ do I need to water the flowers?—Twice a day.A. How longB. How muchC. How soonD. How often ( )5. Tom studies __________________. He __________________ plays with his friends. A. hard;hard B. hardly;hardly C. hard;hardly D. hardly;hard ( )6. It was _________ lovely weather _________ we decided to spend the day on the beach.A. such;thatB. such a;thatC. such;asD. so;that ( )7. Eating a lot of vegetables __________________ good for your health.A. amB. isC. areD. be( )8. Jack goes online __________________ four times a week.A. at lessB. in lessC. at leastD. in least( )9. He wants me __________________ him __________________ his English.A. to help;withB. help;to studyC. helping;withD. to help;studying ( )10. The man often spends his free time __________________ with his little daughter.A. playingB. to playC. playsD. play( )11. —You look tired today. What’s wrong?—I ________ because I had too much homework to do last night.A. put upB. woke upC. stayed upD. picked up ( )12. It is very good __________________ us to be in good __________________.A. for;healthB. for;healthyC. in;healthD. to;healthy ( )13. A __________________ boy was saved from the fire last week.A. 9 year oldB. 9-year-oldsC. 9-year-oldD. 9-years-old ( )14. __________________ he is ill. So he __________________ at home now.A. May be;may beB. Maybe;may beC. Maybe;mayD. May;may be ( )15. The old man is a good swimmer, and even now he often swims __________ Tuojiang River after supper.A. overB. throughC. toD. across三、完成句子(30分)1.“你多久看一次电影?” “我也许一个月去看一次电影。
人教版八年级(上)物理基础知识练习填空题
人教版八年级物理(上)基础知识练习题1.声现象基础填空1.一切正在发声的物体都在,停止发声也停止。
声音的传播需要,真空传声。
2.人靠喉咙里的发声,蝉(又名:知了)靠腹部的和共鸣腔发声。
3.传播声音的物质可以是、和气体,声音在150C的空气中的传播速度约为:m/s,读着。
声音在固体、液体中的传播速度比气体中的。
4.外界传播的声音引起的振动,这种振动经过其及它组织传给,再把信号传给,这样人就听到了声音。
5.声音通过、也能传给听觉神经,引起听觉。
科学上把声音的这种传导方式叫做骨传导。
6.声源到两只耳朵的距离一般不同,声音传到两只耳朵的、及其他特征也就不同,这就是。
这是人们判断声源的基础。
7.物体每秒振动的次数叫做。
人的听觉频率的范围是Hz—20000Hz,把低于Hz的声音叫次声波,把高于20000Hz的声音叫声波。
8.声音的音调跟有关,越高,音调越高;声音的响度不仅与有关,还与听者离声源的有关。
不同发声体的材料、结构不同,发出的声音的也就不同。
声音的三个特性是、和。
9.乐音是物体规则的振动发出的声音;声源作无规则的振动产生的声音是。
一切妨碍人们正常、和的声音,以及对人们要听的声音产生干扰的声音,都属于噪声。
10.人们刚能听到的最微弱的声音是0 ;较为理想的安静环境是;的声音会干扰谈话。
长期生活在以上的噪声环境中,听力会受到严重影响并产生神经衰弱、头疼、高血压等疾病。
11.控制噪声的三个方面是:、、。
12.工厂里的噪声主要来源于,在公路上,噪声主要来源于。
13.蝙蝠靠超声波探测飞行中的障碍物和发现昆虫;利用声呐探测海深、冰山、鱼群;医生利用超声波诊断病人的病情等,是利用了声音可以。
用超声波洗牙;用超声波击碎人体内的结石;用超声波清精密仪器等,是利用了声音可以。
2.光现象基础填空1. 的物体叫做光源。
月球光源。
2.光在的介质中沿直线传播,光在真空中的传播速度是m/s;在水中的速度约是真空中的。
3.光在反射过程中,反射光线、入射光线、法线在内,反射光线、入射光线分居两侧,。
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第一单元基础知识练习题1、给加点字注音2、调和横暴模仿折服旋转参差浣妆夔门滟预秭归袅袅万壑明妃瞿塘斑斓漾动眩目仲春晶莹谛听娴熟璀璨摇曳隐匿闪烁剔透黝黑连缀竹篙深湛恬静眸子魅力蓼蓝蔷薇逶迤安谧肃穆潸然篝火脍炙缥缈涟漪伫立颠簸扑朔馋岩浸淫镢头烙印喧嚣倏忽扬镳擎天嘈杂享受皑皑杂沓屋脊苍穹繁衍蒿草2.结合课文解释词语浣妆斑斓漾动晶莹眩目参差谛听摇曳璀璨娴熟深湛恬雅折服魅力逶迤安谧肃穆沧桑摩天浸淫烙印喧嚣倏忽相看两不厌如诉如志不移:难以捉张灯结后余生:风风火火容光发大相径.息万变稍纵逝风度:横空出超凡俗然而生然泪下毅然然分道扬动听世外桃天独厚炙人口虚无缈大步星3.填字组词屈一指古壑小心屈一指争先后转弯角眼花乱争分秒心急火微不足重峦叠群山万悬绝壁一之地生机繁荣昌名中外扑迷离4.文学常识填空1.《巴东三峡》是一篇(体裁)。
作者是现代学者,本文以作者船行为线索,依次记叙、描写景物,次序井然。
文章开始先,然后而上,分别记叙、描写峡、峡和峡。
2.《周庄水韵》的作者是,作家,周庄在江苏昆山,有“”的美誉。
3.《青海湖,梦幻般的湖》选自《》,作者,当代。
文章自始自终把“”与对青海湖的具体描写结合起来。
4.《走进纽约》是一篇(文体),作者是作家。
5.游记,要点明、,交代和,抓住,并做到。
6。
背诵“第二次到周庄是冬天,……永远也无法模仿”一段文字第二单元基础知识练习题一、给加点的字注音。
矜.持夜不能寐.大阪.颁.发噙.浩瀚.薄.雾风度翩.翩紫荆.花戗堤..瞩.目凝.重荒谬.劫.后余生无稽.之谈溃.口缔.造者障碍..谚.语穿梭.提纲挈.领搜.寻肆虐..籼.型黔.阳县矢.志不移钵.鉴.于二、选字填空无之谈细雨世人目流勇退风尘不善言开大笑冷嘲热洪水肆流勇退大相庭披挂上兵不甲稳脚跟志不移面而来夜不能后余生加珍惜奔乱跑浩宇宙久不息成名就出意料冷热讽夜不能江河下三、解释词语和加点的字矜持:凝重:掩映:瞩目:易帜:肆虐:鉴于:迂回:截止:率先:苦涩:奔赴:四、文学常识填空1.新闻就是对新近发生的事实的报道,和是新闻最重要的属性。
2.新闻的特点可以用、、、四个词来概括。
3.消息一般有()、()、()()、()、(),六个要素,简称“六要素”或“六何”。
4.消息一般由、、、四个部分组成,和是新闻的主要的部分。
5.是报纸的眉目,是消息内容的提要。
第三单元基础知识练习题1、给下列加点字注音。
殉.职热忱.狭隘.纯粹.晋察冀.佩.服鄙.薄钦.佩拈.轻怕重时髦.弄巧成拙.圩.堤斟酌..费.解以讹传讹.循.环悲天悯.人摞.碗筷循规蹈矩.训诫.亲躬.捷.径裨.益统筹.2、填字组词。
麻木不轻怕重清清精求精不关心见思迁远万里自私自不足为无光荣浴血战弄巧成死斗争得其反不思索平易人是道动听以传约定成一劳永不以为不在乎言语忙忙偷懒巧苦用心山岭小心错复杂万事备,只东风小大做千头万3、解释下列词语,并解释加点字含义。
殉职:热忱:鄙薄:不足道:推敲:失意:亲躬:捷径:拈.轻怕重:冷冷清清:麻木不仁:精益.求精:见异思迁.:弄巧成拙:适得其反:不假.思索:头头是道:以讹传讹:约定俗成:一劳永逸:如释重负:无入而不自得:任重而道远:死而后已,不亦远乎:悲天悯人:循规蹈矩:4、文学常识填空。
(1)《纪念白求恩》选自,作者。
(2)《谈语言》选自,作者,字,是我国著名,广西博白人。
(3)《最苦与最乐》选自,作者,字,号,近代、。
广东新会人。
(4)《懒惰的智慧》选自,作者,国。
5、议论文常识。
(1)把自己思考的结果写出来,或,或,或,这样的文章叫议论文。
(2)议论文有三要素:、、。
(3)论点是作者要表达的,它是议论文的。
(4),就是提出论点的理由或,有和两种。
(5)论证方法是论据和论点之间的,常用的论证方法有、、、。
(6)议论文的基本结构是()—()—()。
6、默写《纪念白求恩》中“我们大家要学习他……有益于人民的人。
”第四单元基础知识练习题一、下列加点字注音。
唱喏.这厮.聒.噪把盏.恁.地间.壁渭.州绰.酒作儿着.落小种.经略相公掇.拾告禀.亲眷.懦.弱盘缠.绰.号腌.揸.开酒肆.臊.子实膘.眼棱.绽.裂磬.钹.铙.赊.欠迸.裂消遣.正着..馄饨..带挈.女婿.亲.家啐.星宿.行.事簇.拥劈.手名讳.报帖.解.元踹.商酌.阎.王兀.自桑梓.侥.幸乡绅.轩.敞作揖.绾.贿赂..招徕.忌讳.罕.见巾帼.忿.然噩.梦许诺.茅塞.严谨.应酬.尴尬..瞥.诅咒.倔.强阿谀.乳酪.豢.养发酵.哽咽.茅塞.顿开鬼使神差.泰然处.之咄.咄逼人二、结合语境解释词语聒噪较量恁地着落腌臜泼才理会揸开钧旨消遣无业火迸出现世宝相公带挈体统连声见教摸门不着拙病尖酸权变局不过小心兀自桑梓谨具贺仪招徕贿赂富丽堂忌讳不言而心有余首当其大红灯高高挂于怀塞顿开然处之尴尬老态龙慷激昂诅咒了如掌鬼神差阿谀逼人豢养无动于千丝万无精打面红耳略胜一不经心言碎语对答如不而别犹豫不焦不安四、文学常识填空。
1、《鲁提辖拳打镇关西》选自我国四大古典名著之一的,作者是,(朝代)家。
其他三大古典名著是、、作者分别是、、。
2、《范进中举》选自,作者,代家,字,安徽全椒人。
3、《选举风波》选自,作者,代。
上海人。
4、《山米与白鹤》选自,作者,国。
5、本单元文章在文学体裁上讲是,这种文学体裁的三要素是、、。
第六单元基础知识练习题小石潭记一、解释加点的字词并翻译句子。
1.从小丘西.行百二十步,隔篁竹..,闻水声,如鸣佩环..,心乐.之。
西.篁竹..佩环..乐.2.伐竹取道,下见小潭,水尤清冽..。
取清.冽.3.全石以为底,近岸,卷.石底以出,为坻.,为屿.,为堪.,为岩。
卷.坻.屿.堪.4.青树翠蔓,蒙络摇缀....,参差披拂..。
蒙.络.摇.缀.披拂..5.潭中鱼可.百许.头,皆若空游无所依.。
可.许.游依.6.日光下澈.,影布.石上,怡然..不动;澈.布.怡然..7.尔.远逝,往来翕乎..,似与游者相乐。
尔.翕乎..乐8.潭西南而望,斗.折蛇.行,明灭可见。
斗.蛇.9.其岸势犬牙差互....,不可知其源。
其犬牙..差互..可10.坐潭上,四面竹树环合..,寂寥无人,凄神寒骨,悄怆..幽邃.。
环合..凄寒悄怆..邃.11.以.其境过清,不可久居,乃.记之而去。
以.清可居乃.去12.隶.而从者,崔氏二小生..。
隶.小生..三.文学常识填空1.《小石潭记》选自《》,作者,字,祖籍山西河东郡。
人称“”。
代著名文学家。
2.“唐宋八大家”是指、、、、、、、、。
记承天寺夜游一、解释加点的字词并翻译句子解衣欲睡,月色入户,欣然起行。
解:入:户:欣然:念无与为乐者,遂至承天寺寻张怀民。
念:遂:怀民亦未寝,相与步于中庭。
亦:寝:相与:庭下如积水空明,水中藻交横,盖竹柏影也。
空明:盖:何夜无月,何处无竹柏?但少闲人如吾两人耳。
但:耳:三、文学常识填空。
《记承天寺夜游》选自,作者是,他字,号,是代家,之一。
第七单元基础知识练习题生于忧患,死于安乐一.解释加点的字词并翻译句子。
1.舜发于畎亩之中,傅说举于版筑之间,发畎.亩举2.胶鬲举于鱼盐之中,管夷吾举于士,于士3.孙叔敖举于海,百里奚举于市。
市4.故天将降大任于是人也,故任于是5.先苦其心志,劳其筋骨,饿其体肤,空乏其身,行拂乱其所为,苦劳饿体肤空乏拂6.所以动心忍性,曾益其所不能。
所以:动忍曾.益7.人恒过,然后能改;恒过8.困于心,衡于虑,而后作;于衡作9.征于色,发于声,而后喻。
征发喻10.入则无法家拂士,出则无敌国外患者,国恒亡。
入则法家拂出敌11.然后知生于忧患,而死于安乐也。
然后:三.文学常识填空。
《生于忧患,死于安乐》选自。
《孟子》是共同撰写的,是的记录。
孟子,名,字,(时)、,家学派的代表人物,曹刿论战一.解释加点的字词并翻译句子。
1.十年春,齐师伐我。
公将战。
伐我2.曹刿请见。
其乡人曰:“肉食者谋之,又何间焉?”肉食者何间3.刿曰:“肉食者鄙,未能远谋。
”乃入见。
问:“何以战?”鄙远谋乃何以4.公曰;“衣食所安,弗敢专也,必以分人。
”安弗专以5.对曰:“小惠未遍,民弗从也。
”对遍从6.公曰:“牺牲玉帛,弗敢加也,必以信。
”牺牲加以信7.对曰:“小信未孚,神弗福也。
”信孚福8.公曰:“小大之狱,虽不能察,必以情。
”之狱虽情9.对曰:“忠之属也。
可以一战。
战则请从。
”忠属可以请从11.公与之乘。
战于长勺。
公将鼓之。
刿曰:“未可。
”之鼓12.齐人三鼓。
刿曰:“可矣。
”齐师败绩。
败绩13.公将驰之。
刿曰:“未可。
”驰之14.下视其辙,登轼而望之,曰:“可矣。
”遂逐齐师。
遂逐15.既克,公问其故。
既克故16.对曰:“夫战,勇气也。
一鼓作气,再而衰,三而竭。
彼竭我盈,故克之。
”夫作而竭故17.夫大国,难测也,惧有伏焉。
吾视其辙乱,望其旗靡,故逐之。
惧伏靡之三.文学常识填空。
《曹刿论战》选自《》,《左传》相传是时鲁国史官所写。
它记载了公元前722年以后的二百多年间的许多史料。
一、直接默写。
1、八年级上册古诗文直接默写。
(1) ,卷我屋上三重茅。
(2)公然抱茅入竹去,。
(3),娇儿恶卧踏里裂。
(4)绿树村边合,。
,把酒话桑麻。
(5),丰年留客足鸡豚。
(陆游《游山西村》)(6)塞下秋来风景异,。
(7)千嶂里, 。
(范仲淹《渔家傲》)(8),衣冠简朴古风存。
(陆游《游山西村》)(9),自将磨洗认前朝。
(10)浩荡离愁白日斜, 。
(11)峰峦如聚,,山河表里潼关路。
(12)足蒸暑土气,。
(白居易《观刈麦》)(13)山河破碎风飘絮, 。
(文天祥《过零丁洋》)(14)妇姑荷箪食,。
(白居易《观刈麦》)1、,,佁然不动;似与游者相乐。
2、坐潭上,,,,悄怆幽邃。
3、,秋天漠漠向昏黑。
4、,雨脚如麻未断绝。
5、安得广厦千万间,,。
6、自经丧乱少睡眠,。
7、呜呼,,吾庐独破受冻死亦足!8、,青山郭外斜。
9、开轩面场圃,。
10、山春水复疑无路,。
11、,衣冠简朴古风存。
12、,衡阳雁去无留意,四面边声连角起。
千嶂里,。
浊酒一杯家万里,,羌,人不寐,。
13、,门前流水尚能西。
14、,背灼炎天光。
力尽不知热,。
15、听其相顾言,。
16、,拾此充饥肠。
今我何功德,。
,尽日不能忘。
17、,铜雀春深锁二乔。
18、,干戈寥落四周星。
,身世浮沉雨打萍。
惶恐滩头说惶恐,。
,。
19、,化作春泥更护花。
20、兴,,亡,。
一、给下列词语中加横线的字注音单于( ) 浣妆( ) 险峻( ) 眩目( ) 斑斓( ) 晶莹( )参差( ) 谛听( ) 娴熟( ) 璀璨( ) 摇曳( ) 深湛( )恬静( ) 眸子( ) 魅力( ) 哈达( ) 逶迤( ) 潸然( )缥缈( ) 砭骨( ) 摩天( ) 镢头( ) 烙印( ) 喧嚣( )倏地( ) 矜持( ) 噙着( ) 瞩目( ) 肆虐( ) 籼米( )鉴于( ) 鄙薄( ) 殉职( ) 热忱( ) 斟酌( ) 阀门( )训诫( ) 摞高( ) 捷径( ) 裨益( ) 聒噪( ) 恁地( )绰号( ) 腌匝( ) 着落( ) 赊欠( ) 揸开( ) 掇着( )臊子( ) 膘肥( ) 迸裂( ) 眼棱( ) 绽开( ) 带挈( )行事( ) 腼腆( ) 星宿( ) 避讳( ) 踹开( ) 兀自( )桑梓( ) 绾( ) 贿赂( ) 忌讳( ) 忿然( ) 噩耗( ) 许诺( )尴尬( ) 瞥( ) 诅咒( )倔强( ) 阿谀( ) 乳酪( ) 豢养( ) 灼伤( ) 花卉( )萎谢( ) 摄取( ) 地壳( ) 濒临( ) 栖息( )灰烬( ) 芯片( ) 清冽( ) 邃( ) 藻荇( ) 虬松( ) 汩汩( ) 衣袂( ) 不啻( ) 廿( ) 沙砾( ) 鸿鹄( ) 浃背( ) 呷浪( ) 丧乱( )场圃( ) 羌管( ) 靡( ) 重身( ) 稽首( ) 采樵( ) 霓裳( ) 杳( ) 逡巡( ) 自诩( ) 箪( ) 踌躇( ) 揶揄( ) 粉蕊()涟漪()二、将下列词语补充完整___崖绝壁古___苍苍如___如___ 张灯结____ 难以捉____ ____息万变稍___即__ ___天独___ ___ ___人口___ ___动听___ ___泪下容光____发分道___镳超___脱___ ____空出世风度___ ___ 大相___庭____志不移___后余生夜不能____ 功成___就___轻怕重麻木不___ 精___求精见___思迁以___传___ 约定___成一劳永____ ___得其反弄巧成____如___重负悲天___人___规___矩小心___ ___ 富丽堂____ 不言而________当起冲___ ___于怀___塞顿开泰然___之老态龙____ ___如指掌___ ___逼人无动于___ 万___千___ 刀___火___ ___砍___伐意味___长危言___听与日___增按___就班万__千红柳__花明夜不能__江河__下__是道__然处之茅__顿开__激昂。