英语并列句解析及例句

英语并列句解析及例句

并列句(compound sentence)指的是由两个或两个以上的简单句并列在一起构成的句子。并列句的通常结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句。其中的简单句通常被叫做分句。并列连词之前可用逗号，也可不用逗号。如：

He drank beer, and it made him fat. 他喝啤酒，因此发胖了。(并列连词是and)

He was ill for a week, and during that week he ate nothing. 他病了一星期，在那一星期里他什么也没吃。(并列连词是and) Stephen realized his mistake and he apologized at once. 斯蒂芬认识了他的错误，于是马上道歉。(并列连词是and)

Stop the child or he will be falling over. 制止那孩子，要不他会掉下去。(并列连词是or)

He speaks French, or perhaps he understands it. 他会讲法语。或者他懂法语。(并列连词是or)

Would you advise phoning, or shall I wait a bit longer? 你看我打电话好，还是我再等一会儿好? (并列连词是or)

I waited but he never turned up. 我等着，可他根本没有来。(并列连词是but)

Tom is fairly clever, but Peter is rather stupid. 汤姆相当聪明，而彼得就颇笨。(并列连词是but)

Tourists come here but few stay overnight. 有游客到这里来，但很少有人过夜。(并列连词是but)

He gets a lot of letters but she doesn’t get many. 他收到的信很多，可她的信不多。(并列连词是but)

We rarel y stay in hotels, for we can’t afford it. 我们很少住旅馆，因为我们住不起。(并列连词是for)

He was busy packing, for he was leaving that night. 他那时正忙着打点行李，因为那天晚上他就要走了。(并列连词是for)

表示转折关系的连词

如A great deal has been accomplished, but more remains to be done.

He is riding, while his father is walking in the dust.

Why did you borrow the book when you had one?

He is ill, whereas I am only a little tired.

only表示意义转折，只见于非正式文体。如You may go, only come back early.(only = but)

温馨提示：1 有些词或短语在句中也表示转折意义，如still, yet, however, all the same, after all等。通常作连接性状语。

如The problem was a little hard, yet I was able to work it out

I explained twice, still he couldn't understand.

2 while在表示转折关系时，往往连接内容和结构对称的句子。

如I love strong tea while my father loves coffee.

3 both … and … not结构和neither … nor …的区别在于前者表示部分否定，而后者表示全部否定。如Both you and I are not correct. Neither you nor I am right.

表示选择关系的连词

表示选择关系的连词：主要有or, either … or, or else, whether … or, otherwise等。如Which do you like better, tea or coffee?

Either you leave this house or I’ll call the police.

Do it at once, or else! = Do it at once, otherwise you will suffer in some way.

Take a taxi, otherwise you won’t get there in time.

表示因果推理关系的连词：主要有so, for, then, therefore等。

表示因果推理关系的连词

如The air here is polluted, so the crops are dying.

It must be late, for I have been here a long time.

温馨提示：for，because，as，since在用法和意义上的区别：

1 for引导的句子是并列分句，只能后置，并用逗号与前面的句子隔开。主要用来表示推测性原因，或附带解释、说明前一分句的情况。

如The electric current must have been turned off, for the light went out.

2 because用来引导表示直接原因的从句，语气很强，明确地说明因果关系。其引导的从句可置于句首、句末或句中。如He is absent today because he is ill.

for引导分句表示因果关系时，它可以和because互换使用。

如上句也可以说成：He is asent today, for he is ill.

但表示推测性原因，就不能互换使用。如He must be ill, for he is absent today.

3 since，as都是不讲自明的原因，是已知的原因，as的语气比since 要弱。

如Since (As) you don't feel well, you had better stay at home.