Unit 4 Earthquakes高一英语上学期单元易考点精讲讲练+语法专题复习
高一(上)英语必修一Unit4 Earthquakes重点单词短语归纳整理
Unit 4 Earthquakes【重点词汇】1 ruinn．毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；(不可数名词)废墟；遗迹(常用复数vt．&vi．(使)毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产①The castle has fallen into rain．那城堡已破败不堪。
②An earthquake left the whole town in ruins．那次地震过后，全城到处是残垣断壁。
‘③It poured with rain and my dress got/was mined．大雨倾盆，我的连衣裙已淋得不成样子了。
归纳拓展fall into ruin崩塌come/go to ruin毁灭，崩溃lie in ruins成为废墟the ruins of Yuanmingyuan圆明园遗迹bring sb.to ruin使某人破产ruin one’s hopes使某人希望破灭ruin oneself自取灭亡ruin one’s health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉辨析活用damage/destroy/ruin/spoil这三个词都有“损坏，破坏”之意，具体区别如下：(1)ruin指彻底摧毁一件事物，特别是摧毁美好、珍贵的事物，并使其无法修复，其主语多为天灾人祸等无形的力量。
有时可用于借喻中，泛指一般的“弄坏了”。
He has ruined his health through drinking.他饮酒过度，把身体搞坏了。
(2)damage指“损坏”，表示不彻底的破坏，一般是部分性的，只是使其不能发挥正常作用，意味损坏后价值或效率降低，宾语一般是物。
I damaged my shoes in football practice today.今天练习踢足球时我把鞋弄坏了。
(3)destroy指十分彻底的“破坏”，常含有不能或很难修复的意思，也可以用作比喻意义，指希望、梦想等的破灭；主语可以是人，也可以是物；后接人或物都可以。
必修一 UNIT 4 Earthquakes 课堂知识点及练习教师用
必修一UNIT 4 Earthquakes 课堂知识点及练习教师用一.句式仿写①Because of the tight schedule，he was once too tired to continue his work.(continue)由于日程紧张，他一度因过度疲劳而不能继续工作。
②It seems as if there will be a heavy rain soon.(there)看来好像很快就要有一场大雨。
③Why did you leave the guests standing there？(stand)你为什么让客人站在那儿？④ Not all students are suitable for the learning method.(all)并不是所有学生都适合这种学习方法。
二. 语法自测——现在进行时的被动语态1.The paint on the statues is_being_cleared away and they will be restored to their former glory.(clear)雕像上的油漆正在被清除，它们即将恢复昔日的风采。
2.It is terribly noisy here as the new machines in the nearby plant_are_being_tested.(test)这里噪音太大，因为旁边工厂里的新机器正在接受检测。
3.A lot of attention is_being_paid_to_greenhouse gas emission.Look at those posters for environmental protection.(pay)温室气体的排放得到了很多关注。
看那些关于环境保护的海报。
4.You can't use the machine today because some parts are_being_replaced.(replace)你今天不能使用这台机器，因为一些零件正在被更换。
高一英语必修一Unit--4-Earthquakes知识点
Unit 4 Earthquakes一、课文考点精解1.In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. too…to…“太…而不能…”The hat is too large to wear.It’s never too late to study.例题：He has been busy find time to answer the reader’s let ters.A so; toB so; thatC too; toD too; thatThe work calls for great care and patience. So you to do it.A can be too carefulB can’t be too carefulC can be too carelessD can’t be careful2. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.Burst into tears=bust out crying突然大哭起来Burt into laughers=bust out laughing突然大笑起来Burst into the room 闯入房间The audience waited until the curtain rose and then laughter at the sight of the funny actor.A burst outB burst intoC broke intoD began with3.But the million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.Think little of 对…评价不高；不看重The teacher thought little of your article.Think much/highly/well of 对…高度评价His film is sure to win the award because it by most people.A thinks well ofB is thought wellC is well thoughtD is thought well ofsoon.On New Year’s Eve New York City holds an outdoor which attracts a million ormore people.He shows great interest in international .4 It seemed as if the world was at an end!As if 相当于as though,常用在动词look, seem, feel等之后引导表语从句。
高一英语上册Unit 4 Earthquakes 课文讲解+知识点
@dig out 掘出;发现 eg: 他把狐狸从洞中掘出来了， He dug out the fox from/dug the fox out of the hole. to dig information out of books 从书本挖掘知识 to dig out truth 寻求真理
Homework:
F
)
4. Later that afternoon, a terrible earthquake
shook Tangshan again. (
T)
5. After the second earthquake, everyone
including the rescue workers and doctors were died. (
True or false:
1. Two-third of the nation felt the earthquake.
(
F
)
2. All the people in Tangshan died or were
Байду номын сангаас
injured during the earthquake. (
F
)
3. All of the city’s hospitals, factories, buildings and homes were damaged in the earthquake. (
1. 地震 earthquake 2. 灾区 quake-stricken areas 3. well 井 4. crack 裂缝 5. smelly 发臭的 6. pipe 管 7. burst 爆发 8. 突然大哭 burst into tears 9. event 事件 10.nation n. adj. 国家 11.canal 运河 12.steam 蒸汽 13.dirt 污垢 14.ruin 废墟 15.suffering 苦难
高一英语必修一Unit4 Earthquakes 单元复习(精心整理)
必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes重点词汇1. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.（1）burst v. (burst, burst) 爆裂；爆发Water pipes often burst in cold weather.The red balloon suddenly burst.v. 猛冲；突然...起来。
常见搭配：①burst in 闯入①burst into tears/songs/laughter/angry speech突然哭/唱/笑/吵起来=burst out crying/singing/laughing突然哭起来/唱起来/笑起来①burst with anger/grief/joy 勃然大怒/心痛欲绝/乐不可支When we were chatting in the room, he burst in.（2）n. 突然破裂；爆发。
常见搭配：at a(one) burst 一阵；一口气；一举；一下a burst of anger 怒火的迸发拓展：be bursting to do 渴望，急着要做(某事)完成句子：(1)She burst out ______ for a while, and burst into ______ for another moment, which made us ata loss.她一会儿突然哭起来，一会儿又突然笑起来，这使我们一头雾水。
(2)We all thought his heart would burst ______ ___________________.我们都认为他心中的快乐快要爆发出来了。
(3)The police ____________ and arrested the gang.警察突然闯进来逮捕了那帮人。
(4)Tom is bursting ____________ his mother.汤姆急着要见他的妈妈。
高一英语必修一Unit4Earthquakes知识点讲解和练习课堂讲解1
高一英语必修一Unit4Earthquakes 知识点讲解和练习课堂讲解一、知识讲授1、In the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst .（1）爆裂, 爆发, 突然破裂The red balloon suddenly burst. 那个红色的气球突然爆了。
(2)猛冲；突然出现He burst into the room without knocking.【拓展】burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑 burst into tears = burst out crying 突然大哭2、It seemed as if the world was at an end!【短语归纳】与end 搭配的常用短语：come to an end vi.结束（用作谓语） bring/put sth.to an end vt.结束；制止 at the end of 在…尽头（末）（指时间或空间） by the end of 到…末为止（现在完成时连用） by the end of last...（与过去完成时连用） by the end of next...（用于将来完成时）in the end 最后，终于（作状语）on end 连续to the end 到底without end 没完没了的【随堂练习】用at the end of, by the end of 和 in the end 填空。
（1）How many English words have you learned ____________ last term?（2）He became an outstanding doctor ___________.（3）My uncle will fly to China _________ this year.4.、In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.（1）n. 残垣断壁；废墟（名词时常用复数）The city lay in ruins after years of bombing.（2）v. 毁灭；使破产The hurricane ruined all the houses here.【拓展】be in ruins 呈一片废墟 fall into ruin 变成废墟 come to ruin 毁灭，落空ruin oneself 自我毁灭 bring sb. to ruin 使毁灭5、Two -thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.【辨析】injury ，hurt ，harm 与wound6、Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.(1) n.援救，营救The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river.（2）v. 救援；拯救He rescued a boy from drowning.【拓展】rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp. 把···从···营救出来come to/ go to sb’s rescue = rescue sb. 援救某人 a rescue team 救援队a rescue mission 救援任务rescue workers 救援人员【随堂练习】用rescue的适当形式填空（1）The mother, along with her two children, _________from the sinking boat by a passing ship.（2）The firemen ________ five children from the burning house yesterday.7、…that hot water give out .（1）分发；发出Students were giving out leaflets to everyone in the street.The red radiator gives out a lot of heat.（2）用尽My money will give out soon.【归纳总结】give out分发；发出；用尽give sth.away赠送；颁发；泄露give back归还；恢复give in呈上；投降，屈服，认输give off发出，放出give over停止，中止give up放弃give on to/onto sth.朝向，面向；通向8、Your speech was heard by a group of five jueges,all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.(1) n.裁判员；法官；审判员His father used to be a judge. 他的父亲过去是一名法官。
高一英语必修一Unit4Earthquakes知识点讲解和练习课堂讲解1汇编
高一英语必修一Unit4Earthquakes知识点讲解和练习课堂讲解一、知识讲授1、In the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst .（1）爆裂, 爆发, 突然破裂The red balloon suddenly burst. 那个红色的气球突然爆了。
(2)猛冲；突然出现He burst into the room without knocking.【拓展】burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑burst into tears = burst out crying 突然大哭2、It seemed as if the world was at an end!【短语归纳】与end搭配的常用短语：come to an end vi.结束（用作谓语）bring/put sth.to an end vt.结束；制止at the end of在…尽头（末）（指时间或空间）by the end of到…末为止（现在完成时连用）by the end of last...（与过去完成时连用）by the end of next...（用于将来完成时）in the end最后，终于（作状语）on end连续to the end到底without end没完没了的【随堂练习】用at the end of, by the end of 和in the end填空。
（1）How many English words have you learned ____________ last term?（2）He became an outstanding doctor ___________.（3）My uncle will fly to China _________ this year.4.、In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.（1）n. 残垣断壁；废墟（名词时常用复数）The city lay in ruins after years of bombing.（2）v. 毁灭；使破产The hurricane ruined all the houses here.【拓展】be in ruins 呈一片废墟fall into ruin 变成废墟come to ruin 毁灭，落空ruin oneself 自我毁灭bring sb. to ruin 使毁灭【辨析】ruin，destroy，damage，break与spoil易混词辨析例句ruin 一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次性打击的结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。
人教版高中英语必修一第8讲：Unit4Earthquakes-语法篇（教师版）
⼈教版⾼中英语必修⼀第8讲：Unit4Earthquakes-语法篇（教师版）Unit4 Earthquakes-语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________通过本节课的学习掌握关系代词引导的定语从句。
定语从句（Ⅰ）——关系代词的⽤法复合句中修饰主句中某⼀名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。
它所修饰的名词或代词叫做先⾏词。
它的基本构成：先⾏词+关系词+定语从句。
连接先⾏词和定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。
关系词的主要作⽤是连接主句和从句，同时指代先⾏词，并在从句中充当⼀定的句⼦成分。
定语从句⼜分限制性定语从句和⾮限制性定语从句。
引导定语从句的词有两种：关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等；关系副词有when, where, why 等。
其具体⽤法见下表：1.who指⼈，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。
Here comes the girl who wants to see you.想见你的那个⼥孩过来了。
Danny is a man who we should learn from.丹尼是我们应该学习的⼀个⼈。
2.whom指⼈，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可⽤who代替。
Rose is the person whom you should look after.罗斯是你应该照顾的⼈。
3.whose可修饰⼈，也可修饰物,表“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。
I know the person whose company produces computers.我认识那个⼈，他的公司⽣产电脑。
人教版英语高一必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes期末知识梳理
人教新课标版高一必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes期末知识梳理一、训练导入I、考纲单词写出下列考纲词汇的词性和汉义(如果不止一个词性学生自行增补词性及相应汉义)1、earthquake ( )2、burst（)3、million( ）4、event（)5、nation（）6、steam( )7、ruin（)8、injure( )9、destroy( ）10、shock( )11、rescue( ）12、trap（）13、bury( )14、damage( )15、judge( )II、核心短语1、right ____________ 立刻，马上2、____________ an end 结束;终结3、dig ___________ 掘出;发现4、think ___________ of 考虑的少，满不在乎5、lose ___________ 失去希望6、be ___________ in 被困在7、in ___________ 严重受损;破败不堪8、a (great) ____________ of 许多;大量的9、tens of _____________ of 数以万计的10、be ____________ of 以……而自豪11、run out ____________ 用完, 从……跑出12、_____________ if 好像13、fall _____________ 倒塌14、_____________ train 乘火车15、act ____________ 表演16、give ___________ 用完,发布17、quite ___________ few 颇多18、put ___________ shelters 搭建避难所19、___________ that special day 在那个特殊的日子20、get away ___________ 离开……二、知识精讲I、重点词汇1、burst v、&n、爆裂，爆发，突然破裂[典例］1)、The red balloon suddenly burst、那个红色的气球突然爆了.2)、The police burst through the door、警察破门而入。
高一英语必修一Unit4Earthquakes知识点讲解和练习
高一年级
科目
英语
任课教师
苏老师
辅导课题
Unit 4.Earthquakes
辅导目标
重点掌握定语从句——关系代词的用法；本次辅导源自的知识点分析
重点
1、只能用that不能用which引导定语从句的情况；
2、只能用which不能用that引导定语从句的情况。
难点
1、掌握与end搭配的常用短语；
2、辨析：injury，hurt，harm与wound；
（1）n.残垣断壁；废墟（名词时常用复数）
The city lay in ruins after years of bombing.
（2）v.毁灭；使破产
The hurricane ruined all the houses here.
【拓展】
be in ruins呈一片废墟fall into ruin变成废墟come to ruin毁灭，落空
That's the very point that we should pay attention to.
She is the only person that the old woman can depend on.
3、先行词是不定代词（any, all, little, everything, nothing, something, anything, nobody, everybody等）。
6、Some of therescueworkers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
(1)n.援救，营救
The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river.
人教版英语必修一Unit 4 Earthquake知识点详解整理
必修一Unit 4 Earthquake Section A&B&C➢v.(使)爆裂；(使)膨胀；爆发；burst-burst-burstThe water pipe cracked and burst.➢n.突发，爆发✶There was a burst of laughter in the next room.隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。
➢v.猛冲；突然出现✶He burst into the room without knocking.他没敲门就闯进了房间。
【拓展】●burst into+名词=burst out doing 突然...起来✶burst into tears=burst out crying 突然哭起来/ burst into laughter=burst out laughing突然笑起来●burst in闯进●be bursting with充满；爆满✶The roads are bursting with cars.车辆把那些道路挤满了。
● a burst of (突然)一阵lion百万【用法】one million一百万several million几百万a dozen million一千两百万millions of+名词几百万...【其他数字用法】tens of thousands of...数以万计的...hundreds of thousands of...几十万【其他表示数字的词】dozen一打(十二) score(二十)13.event n.(1)事件；(尤指)大事●current/the latest events当前事件/最新事件(2)(体育比赛等的)项目，赛事●one of the major sporting events of the year年度重大体育赛事之一【辨析】event 重要事件；比赛项目The Asian Games were one of the major sporting eventsof the year.亚运会是年度重大体育赛事之一。
高一英语UNIT4 EARTHQUAKE人教实验版知识精讲
高一英语UNIT4 EARTHQUAKE人教实验版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：UNIT4 EARTHQUAKE二. 重点词汇：1. rise vi (rose, risen ),起床,起身,上升eg: He rose from the chair when the doorbell rang.The Sun rises in the east and sets in the westThe flood has risen two feet.注意arise ,raise ,rise的用法区别；首先 rise, arise 是不及物动词，没有被动语态.rise 意为“升起，增高”arise意为“出现，产生”raise是及物动词，意为“增加，引起”“举起”“提高”“饲养”“筹集”如：The living standard of the people has greatly been raised.Her job is raising chickens.His temperature is still rising.The new problem arises.2. shake n/v 摇动，震动，发抖，震惊Please shake the bottle before taking the medicine. (v)He gave the bottle a shake. (n).相关的短语：shake hands with sb 与某人握手shake one’s head 摇头shake with cold 冻得发抖shake with laughter 捧腹大笑be shaken by/ at …被/因……而震惊give … a shake 把……摇一下3. burst (burst, burst ) v/n爆裂，爆发burst into tears= burst out crying 放声大哭a burst of laughter/ anger 一阵大笑/愤怒相关的短语：burst into 闯入burst out 冒出burst forth 突然出现4. ruin n 毁灭；毁坏，常用复数ruins表示“废墟”He is an archaeologist who studies the ruins of ancient Greece.vt毁灭；毁坏She poured water all over my painting and ruined it.短语：in ruins 荒芜的；成为废墟The ancient building lay in ruins after the fire.注意destroy, ruin , damage 的用法区别；destroy 表示肉体上，精神上或道义上遭到彻底摧毁，是指无法复原，也可指完全毁坏某物体。
Unit4Earthquakes高一英语上学期单元易考点精讲讲练+语法专题复习
Unit4Earthquakes⾼⼀英语上学期单元易考点精讲讲练+语法专题复习新版（2019）⾼⼀英语期中重点总结⾼中英语除了重点词汇短语、知识点和语法的积累，最重要的是建⽴整个英语的框架结构，将知识点串联。
⾼中英语与初中英语的区别在于；初中重在积累词汇、短语、细节知识点，⽽⾼中不仅仅是积累，⽽更重在将初中所学的词法、句型结构、从句结合起来，在掌握了英语学习的框架之后，要从不断做题之后去总结考试题型。
⾼考的考题形式是需要学⽣去经过持久练习⽽总结的。
也就说⾼中不仅要懂得这个知识点，更要知道这个知识点会以什么样的形式来考察，准确的知道考点。
每个单元会补充重要语法Unit 1 Friendship名词Unit 2 English around the world形容词副词Unit 3 Travel journal时态Unit 4 Earthquakes被动语态Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero代词Unit 4 Earthquakes⼀、重点讲解1.In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市内，有些建筑物⾥的⽔管爆裂开来。
⾃主探究burst vi. ( , ) n.eg: Water-pipes .⽔管在寒冷的天⽓⾥经常冻裂。
搭配① burst into + n. = burst out doing sth. 突然···起来burst into = burst out laughing 放声⼤笑burst into =burst out crying 放声⼤哭① burst into \ break into the room 破门⽽⼊① a burst of anger ⼀阵发怒即学即练The police the room and caught the murder.A. burst intoB. entered intoC. looked intoD. shouted at2. It seemed as if the world was at an end. 似乎到了世界末⽇！1).as if = as though 好像，似乎（1）如果as if 从句表⽰的事情可能是真实的，通常使⽤陈述语⽓。
(同步复习精讲辅导)高中英语 Unit4 Earthquakes1
定额市鞍钢阳光实验学校Earthquakes(二)重点语法剖析定语从句（形容词性从句）考点：关系词的选择关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose关系副词：when, where关系代词指代对象在从句中的成分人物主语宾语定语who(whom) √√√which √√√that √√√√whose √√√难点一：只能用that的情况口诀：两代限形特疑序，还有这那和表语。
难点二：不能使用that的情况①逗号；②介词（介词+ which或whom）；③先行词是one(s),anyone, someone, those等的指代人的不定代词时，关系词使用who/whom。
难点三：关系词的省略关系词在从句中作宾语可省略。
解题思路：准确划出从句找出先行词，确定引导词范围分析从句成分（还原法）题一：填入适当的关系词。
1. The foreigner _________ visited our class yesterday is from Canada.2. The person to _________ you just talked is Mr. Li.3. Mr. Brown is the man_______ house caught fire last night.4. This is the best play _______was written by Jack.5. Football, _______ is an interesting game, is played all over the world. 题二：Women ___ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of havingheart disease than those ___ don’t.A. who;/B. /; whoC. who; whoD. /;/题三：Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ___ roof is under repair. A. whose B. which C. of which D. that题四：Is this the museum _____ you visited the other day?A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. the oneIs this museum_____ you visited the other day?A. thatB. whichC. the oneD. 不填造定从：1. 找 2. 删 3. 补 4. 追The woman is here now. You were talking about her.能力提升与拓展题五：An earthquake happens when two plates rub (碰撞) together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at different speeds. If one plate is slowly forced underneath the other, pressure builds up until the plates break apart. This process causes the ground to move.It is an earthquake. In other words, earth-quakes are the shaking of the earth’s sur f ace caused by the earth’s rocky outer layer as a result of the energy stored within the earth. The s train within the rocks is suddenly released (释放).The damage an earthquake causes depends on where it is and the time it is happening. If an unpopulated region is struck, there will be low loss of life or property. If it hits a large city, there may be many in-juries and much destruction. Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now. Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage.Actually, there are several million small earth-quakes every year. Large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9.2 on the Richter scale, cause millions of dollars in damage. In the last 500 years, millions of people have been killed by earth-quakes around the world — including 240,000 in the 1976 Tangshan earthquake in China.A 60-second or less earthquake can cause devastation that continues for years after the first tremor (小震). In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the country did not have the necessary money to rebuild it.The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster. It is in the ensuing fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs. In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage. An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys, causing floods to sweep down and sweep away everything in their path.1. Which of the following is the main idea of the first paragraph?A. An earthquake comes f rom inside the earth.B. The earth has great energy in storage.C. How the earth plates move.D. How an earthquake happens.2. How many examples are used in the passage to show the damage anddestruction earthquakes cause?A. Three.B. Four.C. Five.D. Six.3. Which of the following is mentioned to show that an earthquake can kill too many people?A. The 1964 Alaskan quake.B. The 1976 Tangshan earthquake.C. The 1972 Managua earthquake.D. The 1906 earthquake.4. The underlined word “ensuing” in the last paragraph probably means______.A. causing too much heat and great damageB. causing many injuries and much destructionC. happening as a result of another eventD. happening suddenly and unexpectedly动画短片欣赏《Larva》之 EarthquakeEarthquakes(二)讲义参考答案重点语法剖析题一：1. who/that 2. whom 3. whose 4. that 5. which题二：C 题三：A 题四：A；C能力提升与拓展题五：1. D 2. B 3. B 4.C。
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新版（2019）高一英语期中重点总结高中英语除了重点词汇短语、知识点和语法的积累，最重要的是建立整个英语的框架结构，将知识点串联。
高中英语与初中英语的区别在于；初中重在积累词汇、短语、细节知识点，而高中不仅仅是积累，而更重在将初中所学的词法、句型结构、从句结合起来，在掌握了英语学习的框架之后，要从不断做题之后去总结考试题型。
高考的考题形式是需要学生去经过持久练习而总结的。
也就说高中不仅要懂得这个知识点，更要知道这个知识点会以什么样的形式来考察，准确的知道考点。
每个单元会补充重要语法Unit 1 Friendship名词Unit 2 English around the world形容词副词Unit 3 Travel journal时态Unit 4 Earthquakes被动语态Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero代词Unit 4 Earthquakes一、重点讲解1.In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。
自主探究burst vi. ( , ) n.eg: Water-pipes .水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。
搭配① burst into + n. = burst out doing sth. 突然···起来burst into = burst out laughing 放声大笑burst into =burst out crying 放声大哭① burst into \ break into the room 破门而入① a burst of anger 一阵发怒即学即练The police the room and caught the murder.A. burst intoB. entered intoC. looked intoD. shouted at2. It seemed as if the world was at an end. 似乎到了世界末日！1).as if = as though 好像，似乎（1）如果as if 从句表示的事情可能是真实的，通常使用陈述语气。
eg: ① It looks as if it is going to rain.① It sounds as if 听起来好像有人在敲门。
（2）如果as if 从句表示的内容与事实相反或是一种假想，通常使用虚拟语气。
主句+as if (though)+主语+①were/过去时—〉表示与主句动作同时发生②could/would +动词原形—〉表示动作可能在将来发生③had+过去分词—〉表示从句谓语的动作发生在主句动作之前即学即练① When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it .A. breaksB. has brokenC. were brokenD. had been broken① She talked about the film as if really seen it.她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。
① She learns English so hard as if她学英语如此努力好像她要去美国似的。
2). at an end结束，终结（常作表语）eg: .战争终于结束了。
归纳拓展3.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市就沉没在一片废墟之中。
ruin （1）n. eg:我们看见了这座教堂的废墟。
（2）vt.搭配① be \lie in ruins 破败不堪eg:那座建筑物已成断壁残垣。
① fall into ruins 成为废墟﹝辨析﹞ruin \ destroy \ damage①ruin 指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，往往是非暴力的，也不是一次打击的结果，也可以指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。
①destroy 指彻底毁坏，不能修复。
①damage 指局部损坏，但可以修复。
即学即练（1）The building was completely by fire.（2）His car hit a tree by the roadside and was________________. So he had to have it repaired.（3）My new shoes get in the mud.4 Sand now filled the wells instead of water.典例赏析1).The Chinese use chopsticks instead of knives and forks. 中国人不用刀叉,用筷子。
2). Instead of working, Jack was idling away his time. 杰克不去工作,虚度着光阴。
3). She decided to leave here on Sunday instead of Monday.她决定星期日而不是星期一离开这里。
自主探究instead of ____________________短语归纳即学即练1). Tractors _____________ horses in many places.A. in place ofB. have taken the place ofC. insteadD. instead of2). You should be out playing ___________ working indoors all day.A. in spite ofB. take the place ofC. insteadD. instead of5. Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.（1）分数表达法①分子（基数词为one）分母（序数词用单数）eg. 1/3 one-third 1/5 one-fifth①分子（基数词大于one）分母+s （序数词用复数）eg. 2/3 two-thirds3/5 three-fifths⑵百分数表达法数词+percent (%) 表示“百分之…”eg. 75% ，90% ，65% ，……分数/百分数作主语时，若所指的是可数名词，则谓语动词多用复数；eg. 80% of the trees were cut down.若指不可数名词，谓语动词多用单数：eg. 50% of the water in the bottle has gone.请根据提示完成下列句子。
1.___________(三分之一) of the students in our class___________(be) girls.2. (五分之三) of the soil(wash) away by the flood last night.3. (一半) of the desks in this school (make) in his company.（2）injure vt.eg:①吸烟会损害你的健康。
①去年他在一次交通事故中受了伤。
﹝辨析﹞injure, hurt, wound即学即练① He got in the war.① He didn’t want to her feelings.① Yesterday my leg .①Tom fell down from the tree and________ his legs.6. People were shocked. 人们震惊了。
shock v.U n. 休克，打击，震惊C n. 令人震惊的事﹝派生词﹞shocked adj. 震惊的shocking adj. 令人震惊的﹝搭配﹞① be shocked at (doing) sth. 对（做）某事感到震惊① be shocked to do sth. 惧怕做某事即学即练①The child’s bad language （使大家都感到震惊）。
① 他对她的抽烟感到震惊。
① The news of his wife’s death was to him.（一个沉重的打击）① All of the people present felt at the news.所有在场的人们对这个令人震惊的消息感到震惊。
7. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.Rescue n.&vt. 援救，营救典例赏析1). The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river.警察来救他，把他从河里拉了出来。
2). The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake.营救队在这次地震期间进行了无数次救援。
3). Michael rescued a boy from drowning.迈克把溺水的男孩救了起来。
自主探究rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp.come to/ go to sb’s rescue = rescue sb.a rescue team 救援队a rescue mission 救援任务rescue workers 救援人员即学即练用rescue的适当形式填空1). The mother, along with her two children, _______from the sinking boat by a passing ship.2). The firemen ________ five children from the burning house yesterday.8.All hope was not lost.典型例句①All the students do not know how to deal with the problem.= Not all the students know how to deal with the problem.①I don’t know all of them.①Both of the students don’t like the story.①Everyone doesn’t like the story. = Not everyone likes the story.自主探究表示“全体”意义的词“ , , , , ” 等和否定副词not连用时表部分否定。