6 水手英语听力第2章第3课

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航海英语听力与会话第三版问答与口述题参考答案

航海英语听力与会话第三版（问答与口述题参考答案）（问答与口述题参考答案）无限航区船舶二/三副问答题参考答案三副问答题参考答案第一章第一章1. What What’’s your date of birth? 你的出生日期。

My date of birth is --- 2. What What’’s your seaman s your seaman’’s book number? 你的队长的国籍你的队长的国籍??My seaman My seaman’’s book number is -----3. where are you from ? 你从哪里来你从哪里来??I am from ---4. What What’’s your Captain s your Captain’’s nationality? 你的队长的国籍你的队长的国籍??My Captain My Captain’’s nationality is ---5. What do you think is the most inportant thing on board?你认为什么是最重要的东西登机吗?I think the most important thing on board is safety navigation.6. Which ports do you often call at? 你常说的哪些港口你常说的哪些港口??We often an Shanghai, Xiamen, Hong Kong.7. What is your favorite TV program? 什么是你最喜欢的电视节目怎么样什么是你最喜欢的电视节目怎么样??My favorite TV program is news.8. What is your favorite Wob site? 什么是你最喜欢的网站吗什么是你最喜欢的网站吗??My favorite Web site is ----9. What is your favorite day of the week ? why?什么是一周中最喜欢的那一天吗什么是一周中最喜欢的那一天吗??为什么为什么?? My favorite day of the week is Saturday, because it is holiday.10. W hat is your favorite kind of movie?你最喜欢什么类型的电影你最喜欢什么类型的电影??My favorite kind of movie is action movies.11. W hat is your favorite kind of music? 你最喜欢什么类型的音乐你最喜欢什么类型的音乐??My favorite kind of music is pop music.12. W hat is your favorite magazine?什么是你最喜欢的杂志吗什么是你最喜欢的杂志吗??My favorite magazine is --- 13. W hat is the population of your hometow?你的人口有成年时离开了家乡吗你的人口有成年时离开了家乡吗?? There are 5 thousand people in my hometown.14. W hat is the population of your country?人口是多少你的国家人口是多少你的国家??The population of my country is 1.3 billion. 15. W hat is the best thing about your hometown? 最好的事情是什么你的家乡吗最好的事情是什么你的家乡吗??The best thing about my hometown is the weather.16. W hat is the worst thing about your hometow?最坏的事情是什麽你的成年时离开了家乡吗最坏的事情是什麽你的成年时离开了家乡吗?? The worst thing about my hometown is living price is too high.especially house price. 17. W hat hat’’s your hometow like? 你的家乡怎么样你的家乡怎么样??My hometown is a small village.18. D o you have many disasters in your country which are caused by weather?你有在你的国家许多灾害所造成的天气怎么样你的国家许多灾害所造成的天气怎么样??Yes, there are typhoon, flood. earthquake19. W hat sports do you like to watch on TV?你喜欢什么体育运动你喜欢什么体育运动,,在电视上看在电视上看??I like to watch football game on TV I like to watch football game on TV. .20. W hat do you think is the most popular sport in the world? 你认为什么是世界上最流行的体育运动吗的体育运动吗??I think playing football is the most popular sport in the world.第三章第三章1. Can you list at least three mooring lines? 你能列出至少三个系泊你能列出至少三个系泊??Yes I can. They are spring line, breast, headline, stern line.2. What should be prepared before the pilot comes on board ? 之前应作什么准备飞行员来同意吗I should prepare pilot ladder, overside (search) light, heaving line, pilot card etc. before the before the ……3. What is the maximum speed through the water that your ship can anchor withoutrisking breaking the cable?速度通过最多的水速度通过最多的水,,你的船能锚定而不冒险你的船能锚定而不冒险,,打破了电缆打破了电缆??The maximum speed through the water is 2 knots that the ship can anchor without risking breaking the cable.4. What flag should be hoisted when a vessel requires a pilot?什么应该悬挂旗帜船舶时需要一名飞行员吗要一名飞行员吗??The signal flag The signal flag ““Golf Golf”” should be hoisted when a vessel requires a pilot.5. How can a ship get in touch with a port before her arrival? 如何能取得联系船向港口在她的到来吗的到来吗??She can use VHF calling, Telex etc. to get in touch with a port …6. What ship What ship’’s particulars will pilot station usually ask for? 何船资料将飞行员站将飞行员站??通常就会向Pilot station often asks ship Pilot station often asks ship’’s maximum draft, LOA, air draft, displacement, cargo on board. ETA. Ship board. ETA. Ship’’s position etc.7. What should be reported to the pilot station?可以报道什么对飞行员车站在哪里可以报道什么对飞行员车站在哪里??Same as above (we should Same as above (we should ………………. To the pilot station) . To the pilot station)8. What should be confirmed from the pilot station ?We should confirm the ETA, pilot on board time and boarding position. Which side to rig pilot ladder etc.9. When the vessel enters the VTS area ,what is requested to report ?当船舶进入VTS 系统的区域的区域,,什么是要求报告吗什么是要求报告吗??When the vessel enters the VTS area, we have to report the ship last port of call, next port of call, ship port of call, ship’’s position s position, cargo onboard, ship’, cargo onboard, ship’, cargo onboard, ship’s draft, air draft to the VTS center. s draft, air draft to the VTS center. 10. W hat does hat does ““foul anchor foul anchor”” mean?“ Foul of anchor Foul of anchor”” means that the anchor has its own cable twisted around it or has fouled an obstruction.11. I f you are ordered: f you are ordered: ““Stand by both engines !Stand by both engines !”” how should you reply and report? 如果你命令果你命令::“站在两个引擎站在两个引擎!!”你应该怎样回复你应该怎样回复,,报告吗报告吗??If If ………………” I should reply I should reply ““stand by both engines stand by both engines”” and report and report ““both engines are stand by, sir by, sir””12. C an you list three famous canals in the world? 你能列举三个著名的运河的世界你能列举三个著名的运河的世界??Yes, the 3 famous canals are Suez Canal, Panama canal and Kiel canal. 13. W hen you request the receiver to remain on channel 16 in VHF communication ,what do you say? 当你请求接收机停留在通道高频16沟通沟通,,你会说什么呢你会说什么呢??When I request When I request……, I would say , I would say ““ please stand by VHF channel 16 please stand by VHF channel 16”” 14. H ow do you rectify the mistake in marine VHF communication?你如何纠正错误的海洋VHF 沟通沟通??If I want to rectify the mistake in VHF , I will say “ Mistake. Correction Mistake. Correction”” , Plus the corrected part of the message.15. H ow do you emphasize the important part of a messge in maritime VHFcommunication? 你怎么强调重要组成部分你怎么强调重要组成部分,,对海域messge VHF 沟通沟通??To emphasis the important part of the message in maritime VHF communication, we should say should say ““Repeat Repeat””, followed by the important part of the message. 16. W hat does hat does ““abandon vessel abandon vessel””mean?“Abandon vessel Abandon vessel”” means to evacuate crew and passengers from a vessel following a distress.17. W hat does the abbreviation ETD stand for?什么时间什么时间((代表什么代表什么??“ETD ETD”” means means ““ estimated time of departure estimated time of departure””18. W hat does hat does ““dredging of an anchor dredging of an anchor””mean? 什么是疏浚锚”的意思是什么的意思是什么??The phrase The phrase “dredging “dredging “dredging of an anchor of an anchor of an anchor”” means moving of an anchor over the sea bottom to control the movement of the vessel.19. W hat does hat does ““underway underway””mean?The phrase The phrase ““under way under way’’ means the vessel which is not at anchor, or made fast to the shore, or aground.20. W hat does hat does ‘‘Dragging of an anchor Dragging of an anchor””mean?“什么拖的锚”的意思是什么 “Dragging “Dragging of anchor of anchor of anchor”” means moving of an anchor over the sea bottom involuntarily because it is no longer preventing the movement of the vessel.21. What is the d 21. What is the difference between a “radar beacon” and a “radar reflector”?ifference between a “radar beacon” and a “radar reflector”? 之间的差别是什么别是什么""雷达指标”和“雷达反射镜”? Radar beacon can transmit signals and used for locating on the shore, but radar reflector can only reflect signals used for SAR on the liferaft..22 How many objects do you 22 How many objects do you need to get a position using ‘horizontal sextant angles”?need to get a position using ‘horizontal sextant angles”? 有多少物体更能你需要找个位置用“水平穿刺视角”吗? 3 objects.23 Why is a magnetic compass kept on board when a gyro compass is more accurate? 为什么是磁罗经保存在船上当陀螺罗盘更准确吗为什么是磁罗经保存在船上当陀螺罗盘更准确吗??Because the magnetic compass can be used for emergency and adjustments.24 What do you report when the anchor has been heaved out of the ground and is clear of it'’ 你们有甚麽话当锚被抛出去了地面与清晰”Anchor aweigh.25 When preparing for anchoring what must you do before releasing the bowstoppers? 当准备锚定之前你做应该释放弓瓶塞吗当准备锚定之前你做应该释放弓瓶塞吗??Supply the power, Standby the anchor ball or light, Test the windlass, Put into the gear, Release the brake26 Would you let go an anchor from the hawse pipe if the depth was 75 meters? 你会让去一个锚从管道让去一个锚从管道hawse hawse hawse如果深度为如果深度为如果深度为757575米吗米吗米吗? ?No, we should not let go anchor from hawse pipe directly, but the anchor can be released with windlass slowly. 27 Why must you consider ship’s speed and sea depth when you release the bow stoppers? 你为什么必须考虑船的速度和海洋深度当你释放弓瓶塞吗你为什么必须考虑船的速度和海洋深度当你释放弓瓶塞吗??Because when the depth is different, we should take different measures for anchoring. And for ship’s safety, during the different phase, the speed should be different, too. 28 What must always be brought and placed close to the pilot ladder well before the pilot’s embarkation? 有什么要带来有什么要带来,,接近放置在领航梯飞行员的登机接近放置在领航梯飞行员的登机? ?The lifebuoy with the lifeline, and at night, there should be a light.29 Why is it dangerous to anchor in ice?为什么是否有危险的船锚为什么是否有危险的船锚,,在冰吗在冰吗? ?The ice can change the angle of the anchor, affect the holding power, and freeze the ship.30 What flag is hoisted when the pilot has arrived on board‘’悬挂国旗是什么当飞行员已经到了装船”Flag “H”第四章第四章1. How many classes of dangerous goods are there according to the IMDGCode ?Can you list some?多少个班级有危险货物按照《国际海运代码多少个班级有危险货物按照《国际海运代码??你能列举一些吗你能列举一些吗??There are 9 classes of dangerous cargoes divided according to the IMDG IMDG. . For example Class 1. Means explosive material, class 2. Flammable gas, class 3. Flammable liquid.2. What kind of cargo is classified as flammable cargo ? 什么样的货物被划分为易燃货什么样的货物被划分为易燃货?? Oil is classified as flammable cargo.3. Please describe the general nature of general cargo .请描述的一般特性普通货运。

(高级)值班水手英语听力与会话(ppt课件)(ppt,课件)

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Chapter 1 Common English
Lesson One Daily English ——Useful Expression
Sentence ◆The captain is from Asia. ◆What’s the A. B. ’s date of birth? ◆The A. B. ’s date of birth is May 12th 1990. ◆Why don’t you stay a little longer? ◆What’s the matter with you? ◆How long does it take to go from here to
Vocabulary
wait a moment 稍等一下 birth 出生 hold 货舱；持有；拥有 May 五月 seaman 海员，水手 stay 坚持；停留 captain 船长 luggage 行李，箱包 hospital 医院 supermarket 超级市场 matter 有关系；要紧
the hospital? ◆Can you tell me the way to the
supermarket? ◆May I have a look at your seaman book? ◆Do you have any luggage to check? ◆Hold on. / Wait a moment, please.
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内容框架
I Useful Expressions II Listening Part III Speaking Part IV Scripts V New Words
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Listening and Analysis ——Sentence Understanding

《水手英语》听力与会话(1-12)全集

Chapter 1 Daily EnglishLesson 1I. Answering the questions.1. What’s your date of birth?________.（May 1st 1985.）2. What’s your seaman book number?The number is R1235.3. Where are you from ?I’m from Guangdong China.4. What’s your captain’s nationality?He is Chinese.5.What do you think is the most important thing on board?I think safety is the most important thing on board.6. Which ports do you often call at?I often call at Dalian , Singapore, Hong Kong and so on.7. What’s your marital status?I’m single.8. How long will it take to get Entry Visa to Australia?It will take about one week.9. How do you wish to fly? Economy or first class?I wish to take Economy class.10. Do I have more than the duty-free allowance?Yes, I do.II. Topics.1. Please say something about yourself.a) Your name, age, rank, working experiences, hobbies.b) Your daily work..c) Your spare time activities.My name is____________. I am_________ years old. I am from_________ province.I am a student majoring in navigation in Guangzhou Maritime College.I will graduate in the year _______.I go to class to learn some navigational subjects from Monday to Friday.In the evening, I usually review my lessons.Sometimes, I go to downtown to buy something.During my spare time, I usually read novels or do some sports.I like playing basketball and football very much.Life at school is interesting to me.I will work hard to master the basic navigational knowledge and skills.I am confident that I will become a qualified seafarer in the future.12. Say something about your family.a) Members of your family.b) Their occupations.c) Their hobbies and characteristics.There are _____ people in my family.My grandpa, grandma, father, mother, brother, sister and me.My father is a worker( farmer, teacher, doctor, company staff, government staff, seafarer)My mother is a ___________.(housewife)They work very hard to support my education at school.I am very thankful to them.My father likes reading newspaper very much.(watching TV, playing cards)My mother likes shopping very much.My father and mother are very kindMy father is a man of few words and he talks little.My mother is talkative and she talks a lot.I love my family very much.3. Please say something about your hometown.a) The geographical position, population, and features of your hometown.b) The environment and customs of your hometown.c) The specialties of your hometown.My hometown is located in the southeast part of China.It is a seashore city.There are 3 million people in my hometown.My hometown is developing very fast.The environment in my hometown is very good.People keep their traditional customs.Fishery industry is important to my hometown.It is a major fishery products providing place in China.Nowadays, my hometown has rapid development in tourism.Thousands of tourists from different parts of China and other countries visit my hometown. And people’s living standard has been improved greatly.I am very proud of my hometown.4. Please say something about your responsibilities on boarda) Your position on board..b) Your daily work on board..c) Your duties on board .My position on board is A.B. I am under the Bosun’s Leader, when keep watching, l am under the command of the duty officer.1)before leaving a port, I must test the steering gear, check navigational lights andsignal lights.2)Hoist and low down the Flag, turn on and turn off all kinds of light.3)When sailing at sea, maneuver the steer according to the orders from captain, dutyofficer or pilot.4)Properly change the pilot according to the orders from the duty officer.5)Responsible for the sanitary work in and out of the bridge.6)Rig and take in the pilot ladder and gangway on time.7)When berthing, engage in mooring and unmooring operation.8)Do the Repair and maintenance under the arrangement of the bosun.一级水手在水手长直接领导下，值班时听从值班驾驶员指挥。

高级水手英语听力会话部分(全)

（高级）值班水手英语听力与会话（会话部分）Chapter oneLesson oneTopics1 please say something about yourself【请说说你自己】My name is ShenZhiPeng, I’m 18-years old. I’m a sailor. I have been working on board for half a year. My hobby is playing computer games.My daily work is to keep bridge watch as a watch man or to steer the wheel when the ship is at sea. When the ship is alongside the wharf, I’ll keep the gangway watch.我的日常工作是保持桥看着手表的人或引导轮当船在海上。

船在码头时,我会保持舷梯值班。

In my spare time, I’d like to listen to music, see move.在我的业余时间,我喜欢听音乐,看行动。

2 please say something about your familyThere are three members in my family, my father, my mother and me.My parents are workers in a company, and I’m a sailor.My parents are very kind and tender to me, and they all like reading newspaper.3 please say something about your hometownMy hometown is in Henan province, with a population of 100,000, and it is famous for its tea.My hometown has beautiful sightseeing and the people are very friendly.The specialty of my hometown is tea.4 1 please say something about your responsibilities on boardMy position on board is A.B.My daily work is to keep bridge watch as a watch man or to steer the wheel when the ship is at sea. When the ship is alongside the wharf, I’ll keep the gangway wa tch.My duties are to keep safe watch as normal, and when in emergency, I’ll act as required in the muster list.Questions1.what’s your date of birth? My date of birth is May 18th, 1990.2.what’s your seaman’s book number? My seaman’s book number is A1234563.where are you from? I’m from China.4.what’s your captain’s nationality? Our captain’s nationality is Chinese.5.what do you think is the most important thing on board? Safety first.6.which ports do you often call at? We often call at Qingdao, Shanghai and Pusan.7.what’s your marital status? I’m unmarried.8.how long will it take to get Entry Visa to Australia? It will take 3 months to get Entry Visa toAustralia.9.how do you wish to fly? Economy or first class? Economy, please.10.do I have more than the duty-free allowance? Sorry, you don’t have. / No, you don’t have.lesson twotopics1.say something about ship’s manningThe master is in command of the ship. The ship’s manning consists of three departments.The personnel of deck department includes the c/o, 2/o, 3/o, bosun, A.B. and O.S.The personnel of engine departments includes the C/E, 2/E, 3/E, 4/E, fitter, oilers and wiper.The personnel of service department includes the c/cook and the steward.2.say something about maritime agencies and the staff related to the ship.There are many maritime agencies, the MSA, harbour master, the agent, stevedores company, tally agency, and so on.The MSA supervising the maritime fares, the harbour master is in charge of the harbour and inbounding and outbounding vessels, the agent is to assist the master in going through the formalities, the stevedores load and discharge the cargo, and the tally agency is responsible for the tally work during cargo handling.3.say something about ship’s structures.In general, a ship is made up of two parts, the hull and the superstructure.The main body of a ship is the hull, it contains the E/R, cargo spaces and a number of tanks.The superstructure includes the forecastle, the bridge and the poop.Questions1.who is in command of the ship? Our captain is in command of the ship.2.generally speaking, how many officers are there in the deck department? There are 3 officers inthe deck department, they are c/o, 2/o and 3/o.3.what department does bosun belong to? Bosun belongs to the deck department.4.can you list some ship’s stores? The ship’s stores include the oil, water, paint, spare parts, and soon.5.can you list some ship’s tools? The ship’s tools include the scaling manchines, jett guns/ chisel,scrapers, chipping hammers, brushes, booms, and so on.6.what does “lifebuoy with light and smoke” mean? It means the man overboard lifebuoy, it’s usedin emergency when someone falls overboard.7.what does “cargo wire” mean? It’s the wires to lifting the cargo used in the derricks or crane s.8.what does “port side” mean? It means the left hand side of the ship.9.what is “board sling” used for? It is used to carry the general cargoes during cargo handling.10.can your list some ship’s bridge equipments? The ship’s bridge equipments includes th e wheel,telegraph, radar, GPS, AIS, gmdss equipments, and so on.Chapter twoLesson oneTopicsWhat procedures should be taken when you receive helm orders as a helmsman?The helmsman should take three procedures orderly when he receives the helms orders, that is to repeat, carry out and report.The helmsman should answer the helm orders clearly and loudly.When the ship does not answer the wheel, the helmsman should report it immediately to the person giving the orders.Questions1.How many orders are included in standard ship orders? Can you list some? There are four ordersincluded in the standard ship orders. They are the helm orders, anchor orders, mooring and unmooring orders, and the engine orders.2.if you are ordered “port five”, how to reply and report? First repeat the order “port five” clearlyand loudly, then steer the wheel to port five position, when the rudder angle reaches “port five”, report to the commander “wheel is five to port, Sir.”3.if you are ordered “steady”, how to reply and report? First repeat the order “steady” clearly andloudly, and speak out the course on the compass when the order is given. then steer the wheel to keep the course steady on it. Then report, “steady on course XXX.”4.how does the rudder answer? The rudder answer well/ slowly./ No answer./sluggish.5.what is the course? Course XXX.Lesson twoTopicsPlease describe the line handling operations before berthing.When approaching the quay, the deckhands should prepare the heaving lines, the winches and the mooring lines. Keep sharp look out of the movement of the ship, and prevent the lines from fouling. Usually the spring lines are firstly sent ashore, and keep it in strain. Then send the other lines ashore. When the ship is in position, make fast all the lines.To prevent the lines from fouling, you should operate the winch step by step and keep the lines in good order.Questions1.what does “single up forward to breast line and spring” mean? That means to cast off all theother forward lines except for one breast line and a spring line.2.if you want to change the position of the head line forward for 3 meters, what do you say? Shiftthe head line 3 meters forward.3.if you want to heave tight the breast line, what should you say? Heave up the breast line. / T akein/Pick up the slack on the breast line.4.which order is an equivalent to “send out head line”? Pay out/Slack the head line.5.which order is an equivalent to “let go stern line”? Undo/ slack off the stern line.Lesson threeTopicsWhat measures should be taken if anchor dragging?Anchor dragging means the anchor can’t bring up the ship to the seabed/ground. To prevent anchor dragging, you should make full consideration of all the features of the anchor position before anchoring, work out the cable length, and make sure the ship is brought up when anchoring. When anchor dragging, we should inform the master, the engine room, c/o and other personnel involved. Announce the alarm on radio to the other ships in vicinity. And then heave up the anchor to drop itagain.Questions1.what does “anchor is foul” mean? It means the anchor chain is across.2.if the anchor has been heaved out of the ground and clear of the bottom, what do you report?Anchor is aweigh.3.if the anchor is secured firmly in sea bottom, what do you report? She is brought up.4.if there is no obstruction around the anchor before anchoring, what do you report? The bow isclear.5.when the anchor is heaved out of water and just above it, what do you report? The anchor is outof water.Lesson fourTopicsIf you are given engine orders, how should you reply and report?When engine orders given, first repeat it clearly and loudly, then ring the telegraph to the position ordered, when the revolution commanded of the engine is obtained, report it to the commander. Such as “dead slow astern”, that means to keep the ship run astern very slowly. When the order is given, repeat it “dead slow astern”, then ring the telegraph to the “dead slow stern” position., when the revolution is obtained, report “engine is dead slow astern, sir.”Questions1.If you are ordered “stand by both engines”, how should you reply and report? First repeat isclearly and loudly, then inform the engine room to get the both engines ready for use. When you receive the notice from the E/R that both engines are ready, you should report it to the commander, “both engines are ready, Sir.”2.if you are ordered “full ahead”, how should you reply and report? When the order is given, repeatit “full ahead”, then ring the telegraph to the “full ahead” position., when the revolution required is obtained, report “engine is full ahead, sir.”3.if you are ordered “ring off engine”, how should you reply and report? When the order is given,repeat it “ring off engine”, then ring the telegraph to the max imum position., when the revolution required is obtained, report “engine is rung off , sir.”4.if you are ordered “stop engine”, how should you reply and report? When the order is given,repeat it “stop engine”, then ring the telegraph to the “stop” positi on., when the revolution reaches zero, report “engine is stopped, sir.”5.what does “finished with engine” mean? That means the movement of the engine is no longerrequired.Chapter threeQuestion1.Are you the sailor on duty/ watch? Yes, I am.2.Is your chief officer on board? Yes, he is.3.Would you show me the way? Yes, my/ with pleasure. This way, please.4.Our master is not on board, please wait a moment. I’ll call him back. O.K., thank you.5.When will your captain come back? He will be back in half an hour.6.The gangway/ accommodation ladder is too high. I’ll lower it a bit more/ a little bit.7.Would you please take me to see your captain? Yes. Follow/ After me, please.8.I am the relieving/ in-coming third officer, here is my ID card. O.K. please sign here.9.The head line is too tight. I’ll slack it. /Ease the strain on it.10.What’s your draft fore and aft? The draft is 6.90 meters, on even keel. //DESIMALChapter fourLesson oneQuestion1.Are holds clean? Yes, they are.2.Are holds dry? Yes, they are.3.Are holds free of smell? Yes, they are.4.Close hatch covers and report. Close the hatch covers. The hatch covers are closed, Sir.5.Lower down and secure all derricks. Lower down and secure all derricks. All derricks aresecured，Sir.Lesson two1.How many holds do you have? We have 5 holds.2.What is size of hatch openings? It’s 16X/by 25 square meters.3.What is safety load of Hold No. 2? The safety load of Hold No.2 is 5 tons per square meter.4.Are dockside cranes available? Yes, they are.5.What is length (width, depth) of Hold No.1? The length (width, depth) of Hold No.1 is 40 (30, 15)meters.Chapter fiveTopics1.Describe the procedures of adjusting derricks. The derrick is made up of derrick itself, winch,guys, hook and riggings. First, unlash the derrick, then operate the derrick as required, such as topping, lowering or swinging. Remember safety first, and operate it steadily. Do not exceed the safe working load of the derrick.2.Describe the proper way of using derricks. Remember safety first, and operate it steadily. Do notexceed the safe working load of the derrick. Do not swing it when the cargo is not being hoisted up.Questions1.What does “Union purchase” mean? “Union purchase” means handling the same sling by twoderricks at the same time.2.What does “SWL” stand for?/ represent “SWL” stands for safe working load.3.What cargo does a jumbo boom or heavy derrick used for lifting? A jumbo boom or heavyderrick used for lifting heavy cargo.4.Who usually adjust the derricks during the loading and discharging? During the loading anddischarging, the stevedores adjust the derricks usually.5.How many derricks are there at each hold? There is one derrick at each hold. /One for each.6.Before adjusting the derrick, what work should be done? Before adjusting the derrick, you shouldmake sure that the power is on and that the derrick is clear of obstructions.7.If the derrick is overloaded, what will happen? The cargo wire or the derrick will break up, andmaybe hurt persons.8.If the derrick is too high and can’t get to the cargo in the hold, how do you adjust it? Lower thederrick and pay out more cargo wire.Chapter sixTopics1.Say something about cargo carried on a ship. Generally speaking, the cargo includes dry cargoand liquid cargo. Dry cargo includes general cargo, cargo in bulk, cars, containered cargo, etc.Liquid cargo includes oil, LNG & LPG, chemical, and so on. The principal of cargo stowage is to ensure the safety of the ship and cargo.2.Preparations for loading cargo on board ship. Before loading cargo, we should get the shipready for loading, the preparation includes cleaning the cargo holds, decks, preparing dunnage, and derricks or cranes if fitted, and so on.Questions1.What does “SWL” stand for? “SWL” stand for safe working l oad.2.What equipment can be used to load cargo? It depends on the cargo to be loaded. The loadingequipment includes deck cranes, derricks, shore cranes, convey belt, loading machines, crabs, and so on. .3.What can be used to cover bilge before loading? Mattress, 麻布片？4.What can be used to separate cargo in a hold? Dunnage. Such as plank, canvas, mattress, wires,and so on.5.Who do the work of loading and unloading? The stevedores do.6.Where shall we stow cargo on a vessel? It depends on the type of ship, the cargo，the sequenceof discharging and the shiper’s requirement. Usually, the cargo is stowed in holds or tanks.Chapter sevenTopicsDescribe the importance of lashing and securing operation.The lashing and securing operation means to fix the cargo to holds and prevent them to move or shift during the voyage. It’s very important job onboard vessel, especially for general cargo. As we know, the ship will roll and pitch at sea, if the cargo is not well lashed and secured, the cargo will move or shiftin the hold to cause cargo damage, and even more to affect the stability of the ship so as to cause vessel listing or capsizing.Questions1.What does “jettison of cargo” mean? “jettison of cargo” mean to drop some cargo overboard inemergency for the safe of the ship and cargo on board and for the mutual interests of the parties involved.2.What shall be ensured before entering the enclosed space? Before entering the enclosed space,we should complete the check list, check the air for oxygen and toxic gas, and check the equipments to be used to ensure that it is safe to enter the enclosed space. And the approval from the master and the chief officer is essential.3.What does “shifting cargo” mean? “shifting cargo” means that the cargo moves in the holdswhen the ship is at sea.4.Can you list some lashing and securing equipment? Please list some. Yes, I can list some lashingand securing equipment. The lashing and securing equipments are the lashing ropes or wires, shackles, turnbuckles, chocks, wedges, and so on.5.When is the lashing work done? The lashing work should be done during and after the loadingoperation, and should be completed before sailing.6.When is the unlashing work done? The unlashing work should be done before discharging.Chapter eightQuestions1.What should be prepared before the pilot comes on board? Before the pilot comes on board, weshould get ready of pilot ladder, heaving line, lifebuoy, outside lighting at night, and so on.2.What flag should be hoisted when a vessel requires a pilot? When a vessel requires a pilot, theflag “G” should be hoist.3.What ship’s particulars does pilot station usually ask for? Pilot station usually ask for the ship’sparticulars of ship’s name, call sign, nationality, cargo, drafts, last port of call, and so on.4.What kind of things to be report to the pilot station? There so many things to be report to thepilot station, such as ship’s name, call sign, nationality, cargo, drafts, last port of call, and so on.5.What should be confirmed from the pilot station? The followings should be confirmed from thepilot station, such as the way of boarding, boarding time and position, the requirements about the pilot ladder if needed.6.What does “underway” mean? “underway” mean the ship is not at anchor, berthed, or made fastto shore.7.What must always be brought and placed close to the pilot ladder well before the pilot’sembarkation? Before the pilot’s embarkation, the heaving line, lifebuoy, and outside lighting, must always be brought and placed close to the pilot ladder.8.What flag should be hoisted when the pilot has arrived on board? When the pilot has arrived onboard, the flag “H” should be hoist.Chapter nineTopics1.Cleaning and repair work onboard. The importance of the cleaning and repair work is to maintainthe ship in good condition for seaworthiness. Cleaning and repair work onboard includes clean the deck, holds, engine room and accommodation, and some repair to moving parts. The work should be done as planned. And some must be daily done.2.Painting work used on board. The basic types of paint used on board include primer, coating,varnish and so on. Before painting, the surface should be well prepared, free of stains or rust, dry, and free of dirt.Questions1.Can you list at least three kinds of paint? Yes, I can. They are primer, undercoats, top coats,varnish, and so on.2.What kind of paint is usually given to the ship’s funnel? Heat-resistant paint is usually given tothe ship’s funnel.3.What type of paint do you use on deck? We used non-slip paints on deck.4.What paint is used for woodwork? Varnish is used for woodwork.5.Before repainting an area, what preparations do you make? Before repainting an area, the areamust be cleaned and washed to remove the salt, dirt and oil. Loose paint and scale to be removed.6.How do you remove the heavy rust on the plates? We use chipping hammer to remove the heavyrust on the plates.7.What repair work do the sailors usually do on board? Cleaning and greasing.Chapter tenC h a p t e r T e nShipboard Safe Navigational WatchT o p i c s1.The duties of the able seafarer on watch when underway.a) General rules as to watch-keeping.The able seafarer shall make regular checks to ensure that the ship navigates safety.b) Items to be checked at each watch.I t e m s t o b e c h e c k e d a s f o l l o w s:p o s i t i o n,c o u r s e,s p e e d a n d d r a u g h t o f t h e s h i p,w i t h t h e o t h e r ssuch as tides, current, weather, visibility and so on.2.The bridge shift change.a)The procedures for the bridge shift change.1) The officers and sailors often change their shifts once every 4 hours on the bridge.2) T h e r e l i e v i n g o f f i c e r s h o u l d c o m e o n t o t h e b r i d g e 15 m i n u t e s e a r l i e ri n o r d e r t o g e t f a m i l i a r with the circumstances. The handing over officer shall introduce the circumstances at present suchas the sh ip’s position, course, speed, vessels in the vicinity, sea state, wind state, etc. the relieving officer should check the navigational equipments and the ship’s route.b)Special attention for shift change.T h e s p e c i a l a t t e n t i o n f o r s h i f t c h a n g e i s h a n d o v e r t h e w o r k c o n t e n t s u n d e r s t a n d i n g v e r y c l e a r l y between the both parties.Questions1.Who keeps navigational watches on the bridge at sea?The duty officer and the duty sailor.2.How many watches are there on the bridge a day?There are three watches.3.Who takes the navigational watch from 0800 to 1200 hours in the morning and evening?The third officer.4.Who takes the navigational watch from 0000 to 0400 hours in the day and night?The second officer.5.What is the duty of the able seafarer on watch on the bridge at sea?Ensure the ship navigating safety.6.What should the able seafarer being relieved say?I now have the watch.7.What should the relieving able seafarer say?Y ou now have the watch.8.What should a relieving able seafarer do after taking over the watch?They will watch on the bridge and do the duty of watch work.Chapter ElevenShip SecurityQuestions1.What cargo are you carrying on your ship?The general cargo.2.Who is responsible for the security training on your ship?SSO (ship security officer)3.Do you organize regular security trainings?Y e s,w e d o.4.Do you know about the main threats facing to the security officer?Encountering the pirates and the armed attacks.5.What means of Security Level 1?Means the easy class security.6.What means of Security Level 2?Means the middle class security.7.What means of Security Level 3?Means the highest class security.8.Do you understand the measures for the prevention of unauthorized access to the ship?Y es, I understand.9.Do you understand the identification of the restricted areas and measures for the prevention of unauthorized access to them?Y es, I understand.10.Do you have the special security facilities?Y e s,w e h a v e.C h a p te r T w e lv eQuestions1.Check the fire alarms and report.All fire alarms are operational.2.Check the portable extinguishers and report.All portable extinguishers are in position and operational3.Check the firemen’s outfits and report.All the firemen’s outfits are operational.4.Check the openings in all rooms and report.All the openings are operational.5.Check the fire area every 10 minutes for re-ignition and report. For several times 10 minutes checking there is no re-ignition.6.Report direction and distance of person in water.The person in water’s direction is 120 angles and 50 meters ahead.7.Check launching tracks and report.All the launching tracks are operational.8.Check working parts and report.All working parts are operational.9.Operate lifeboat engine and report.Lifeboat engine is operated.10.Pressure in the water pipe in cargo holds is too low. Increasing the pressure in the water pipe in cargo holds.。

航海英语听力与会话(english+chinese)

(2) It is a famous tourist coastal city in China. Its climate around the year is suitable and comfortable for living. 它是著名的旅游沿海城市，整年的气候很合适,舒适对于的生活。The sky is blue and the air is clean. There are many famous spots attracting many tourists every year. 天空是蓝色的,空气是那么清新。有许多著名的景点每年吸引了很多游客。
(3) Dalian port is an ice-free port. 三)有限公司、大连港是一不冻港。With the fast pace of development and the special geographic position, Dalian port will surely become the most important port in the northeast of China. 与快节奏的发展和特殊的地理位置、大连港,他一定会成为最重要的港口在中国的东北。
5 I thick the most important thing on board is safe, secure and efficient我想最重要的事情是安全、保险和有效的
6 I often call at Dalian, Shanghai, and Honking ports我经常在大连、上海、喇叭港口
问答题
1 My date of birth is 4th of April 1974. 我出生于1974年4月4日。
2 It’s A3996625.

值班水手(高级)英语听力与会话

Vocabulary
<换词> below可替换为： ◆above 在... ...上面 ◆under 在... ...下面 ◆on 在... ...上面 ◆over 在... ...上面 ◆ in 在... ...里面，在... ...中间 <换词> storeroom 可替换为： ◆hold(s) 货仓 ◆accommodation 生活区 ◆laundry 洗衣间 ◆saloon 大厅 ◆control rooms 控制间 ◆machinery spaces 机械处 ◆cargo spaces(area) 货物区 ◆pump room 泵房 ◆bridge 驾驶台
7
Chapter 1 Common English
Lesson One Daily English——Listening
saloon 大厅 Laundry 洗衣房 equipment 设备；器材 museum 博物馆 passport 护照；通行证 tanker 油轮 engineer 工程师 discharge 排放；卸货 cargo 货物；船货 S:The saloon is below the storeroom.
近音词辨析
同义句转换
Listening
句意延伸
说者语意
4
Listening and Analysis ——Dialogues
听力技巧： 1.熟悉常考场景及词汇。
2.预览选项，预测谈话内容，抓住重点。 Short Dialogues 常见问句：
What’s the matter with you, Jane? What’s the seaman ’s date of birth? What does O. S. mean on board ship? What are you responsible for? What course are you steering? what business do you have? ……

4 水手英语听力第2章第1课

5.keep the red buoy on starboard side. A. The green buoy should be kept on port side. B.The red buoy should be kept on starboard side. C. The green buoy should be kept on starboard side. D. The red buoy should be kept on port side.

2.S1:Keep the red buoy on starboard side. S2:Yes, sir. Q:Which side will the red buoy be kept? A.The read buoy will be kept on port side. B. The red buoy has been kept on port side. C.The red buoy will be kept on starboard side. D. The red buoy has been kept on starboard side.

3.midships A. The rudder is to be held in the fore and aft position. B. The rudder is to be held fully over to port. C. The rudder is to be held fully over to starboard. D. The rudder is to be held to avoid allowing the vessel's head in a turn.

水手英语2

水手英语模拟题（一）第1题Port anchor is ready and one shackle on deck.A.左锚已经在甲板上准备好。

B.左锚已备好，一节在甲板。

C.备左锚，将放在甲板上。

D. 左锚一节锚链已经在甲板上准备好。

标准答案: B第2题Ask the engine room for power and water on deck.A.通知机舱给驾驶台供电供水。

B.通知驾驶台给甲板供电供水。

C.通知机舱给甲板供电供水。

D. 通知机舱供电供水。

标准答案: C第3题Make sure that the windlass is out of gear and the brakes are on.A.确保起货机的离合器合上,刹车刹牢。

B.确保锚机的离合器脱开, 刹车刹牢。

C.确保锚机的离合器和上, 刹车松开。

D. 左锚一节锚链已经在甲板上准备好。

标准答案: B第4题My ship is waiting for the instruction of berthing.A.我轮正在等靠泊指令。

B.我轮正在等锚泊指令。

C.A+BD. A:B都不对。

标准答案: A第5题Bring here a hammer, an oil can and some goggles.A.拿走锤子、油壶和护目镜。

B.把锤子、油壶和护目镜带来。

C.带来一把螺丝刀、喷油枪和眼镜。

D. 随身带着一把锤子、油壶和护目镜。

标准答案: B第6题Upon getting the order ,can I lower the anchor until it is clear of hawse pipe ?A.接到命令时，我可以等到清空锚链筒后才抛锚吗？B.一接到抛锚命令，我能将锚抛下直到锚链筒清爽吗？C.A+BD. A:B都不对。

标准答案: B第7题When you are sure that the weight of the anchor is held by the brake ,take the windlass out of gear.A.当确定刹车受力时，松开离合器。

7 水手英语听力第2章第4课

Q4: What is the state of the engine? A. The engine is rung off. B. The engine is stopped. C. The engine is stand-by. D. The engine is finished with.

2. S1:Do you have a variable or fixed pitch propeller? S2:we have a fixed pitch propeller. Q: What type of propeller is it? A.It is a right-handed propeller. B. It is a left-handed propeller. C.It is a variable pitch propeller. D. It is a fixed pitch propeller.

Q2:How many revolutions? A. 120 revolutions. B. 130 revolutions. C. 150 revolutions. D. 100 revolutions.

Q3:What is the speed of the engine? A. The engine is half astern. B. The engine is full astern. C. The engine is dead slow ahead. D. The engine is dead slow astern.

3.what is the RPM of your main engine? A.The speaker wants to know the age of the main engine. B. The speaker wants to know some particulars of the main engine. C.The speaker wants to know the operation of the main engine. D.The speaker wants to know the characteristics of the main egnine.

19规则值班水手英语听力与会话

passport 护照
Learning Through Pictures
barge 驳船
Knowledge Extension
Part Ⅲ
谈论日期 Talk about Date
S1：What is the date today？ S1：今天是几号？ S2：It's may 2nd. S2：今天是5月2日
九月
October [ɒk'vembə] November [nəʊ'vembə]
十月十一月
December [dɪ'sembə]
十二月
Knowledge Extension
Part Ⅲ
谈论星期....... Talk about Days in a Week
S1：What date is today？ S1：今天是星期几？ S2：It's Thursday. S2：今天是星期四。
5
4
员管理
维护和维修
3
货物装卸和积载
第一章公共英语
第一节日常生活用语第二节船员职务名称第三节梯口值班
Part Ⅰ drills
第一节日常生活用语
1.S1:Good morning/afternoon/evening！ 1.S2:Good morning/afternoon/evening！
immigration officer
移民局官员
quarantine officer
检疫官员
customs officer
海关官员
foreman
['fɔ:mən] 工头；领班
stevedore
['sti:vədɔ:r] 码头工人

水手英语UNIT TWO

New words and expressions
8、multi-purpose[mʌlti‘pə:pəs] adj. 多用途的 9、vessel [‘vesəl] n. 船, 舰 10、bulk [bʌlk] n. 散装 11、carrier [‘kæriə] n. 运输船, 承运人 12、container [kən‘teinə] n. 容器集装箱 13、refrigeated [ri‘fridʒəreitid] adj. 冷藏的 14、tanker [‘tæŋkə] n. 油货船, 油轮 15、liquefied [‘likwifaid ] adj. 液化的 16、natural [‘nætʃərəl] adj. 自然的, 天然的
A：Phrases translation:
1、集装箱船 2、散货船
3、拖船
5、超级油轮
4、滚装船
6、油驳
7、供水船
练习
8、液货船
9、液态化学品
10、行驶在固定航线上
A：Phrases translation:
11、bulk carrier 12、dry cargo ship 13、oil tank 15、general cargo 17、on board 14、light boat 16、help ships
3、Bulk carriers usually carry large quantities of loose cargo.
练习
4、Liner sails on regular routes and keep to a fixed timetable.
5、Ro-Ro ships have doors at the bow or stern
New words and expressions

5 水手英语听力第2章第2课

4.Let go head line. A. It is ordered to cast off forward head line. B. It is ordered to cast off head line. C. It is ordered to heave tight forward head line. D. It is ordered to heave tight head line.

3.pick up the slack on forward spring A. It is ordered to slack away the forward spring. B. It is ordered to heave tight the head line. C. It is ordered to heave tight the head line. D. It is ordered to send breast line ashore.

1.Stand by for mooring A. The mooring lines will be ready for berthing. B. The mooring lines have been ready for berthing. C. The mooring lines have been ready for leaving berth. D. The mooring lines will be ready for leaving berth.

Q4:What is the distance between the vessel and the quay now? A. two meters. B. three meters. C. four meters. D. Five meters.

《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案Unit 3

《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案乌克兰Grabovo村某处向日葵花田里，手机和电脑散落一地，在另一处地上，一本荷兰护照张开着躺在地上，地面上到处都是从天空摔下的人们的尸体，看起来就像烂抹布和烧成灰的肉块。

这就是一些当地居民和参与救援工作的人所目睹的惨象，马航17航班坠毁坠毁在一大块麦田中，碎片散落了若干英里，机上全部乘客葬身人烟稀少的乌克兰农村。

“当时太恐怖了，”当地一位独立派反抗军成员说，他的名字叫Sergei，也参与了救援工作，“我们当时都震惊了。

”Unit 3Unit 3Task 1【答案】A.1) Stress on the job costs American companies as much as $150 billion a year in lower productivity, unnecessary employee sick leave, and higher medical costs.2) The most stressful professions are those that involve danger and extreme pressure and those that carry a lot of responsibility without much control.3) The best way to deal with stress is through relaxation, but sometimes the only answer is to fight back or walk away.B.1) Three-quarters2) psychologists, doctors3) nervousness, anger, frequent illness, forgetfulness, mental problems【原文】Stress on the job costs American companies as much as $150 billion a year in lower productivity, unnecessary employee sick leave, and higher medical costs. Three-quarters of the office workers today say they suffer from stress at work. Recently, psychologists and doctors have begun to study the problem more closely. They have discovered that the most stressful professions are those that involve danger, extreme pressure and those that carry a lot of responsibility without much control.The sign of stress range from nervousness, anger, and frequent illness to forgetfulness or even mental problems. The best way to deal with stress is through relaxation, but sometimes the only answer is to fight back or walk away.Task 2【答案】A.1)give in so easily to hijackers’ demandsa) threaten to blow up a plane, commit some other outageb) hold out against this kind of blackmail, always have terrorists, Start executing terroristsautomaticallyc)be prepared to face the consequences of evil2)a) It’s the lesser of two evils. Terrorists have proven often enough that they really mean business.b)Innocent lives, threatening the innocent will achieve its ends.B.She implies that if the first speaker was one of the victims of terrorism, she would want the government to give in to the demands so that she wouldn’t die.【原文】Margaret: Governments give in so easily to hijackers’ demands. A hijacker only has to threaten to blow up a plane or commit some other outrage, and a government gives in to hisdemands.Valerie: Naturally. It’s the less er of the two evils. What government would risk innocent lives just to see if terrorists will really do what they threaten to do? Terrorists have proven often enough that they really mean business.Margaret: Yes, but i f a government doesn’t hold out against this kind of blackmail, we wil l always have terrorists. Governments are afraid to punish these people. They almost always letthem go free. Start executing terrorists automatically wherever they land, and terrorismwill stop.Valerie: And what about the innocent lives that will be lost in the process? Terrorism is based on the simple idea that threatening the innocent will achieve its ends.Margaret: You can’t get rid of evil without being prepared to face the consequences of evil. Valerie: So long as you’re not one of the victims!Task 3【答案】A.1)thirty-five, natural light, a small window, hot, airless, very noisy2) Mexico3) ought to, shouldn’tB.1)It is located in a narrow street with five-and six-storey buildings eight kilometers fromdowntown Los Angeles.2) This factory makes shirts and jeans3) She’s already been working for ten hours, but won’t stop for another two hours.4) She can’t complain about those things because she is an illegal immigrant.【原文】Eight kilometers from downtown Los Angeles there is a narrow street with five- and six-storey buildings. Inside one of these buildings there is a small factory making shirts and jeans. The women working in the factory sit close together, each with a small table, each with their own sewing machine. The women say nothing, and work hard. In one of the rooms there are thirty-five women. There is only a little natural light, and this comes from a small window in the roof. The room is hot, airless, and very noisy. On the left-hand side of the room there is a young girl sitting next to the wall. Every now and again she closes her eyes, and her fingers stop working. She's already been in her chair for ten hours, but she'll be here until the bell rings — and that won't be for another two hours. Her name is Maria, and she comes from Mexico. She won't complain about her work. She won't say that the working hours ought to be changed; she won't say that the working conditions shouldn't be permitted.Task 4【答案】A.Every year the British government publishes statistics about social trends. Their findings show definite patterns in the British way of life.1)marked differencesa)one hour more every day, three hours more every weekb) 1 percent, cleaning and ironing, keep household accounts, do repairs or improvementsc)30 percent2)leisure activities, watching television, 20 hours a week, going for walks, Swimming, BritishwomenB.Unlike the other couples, Carla has always kept her won accounts and Adrian has always done his own housework. Neither of them like watching television very much and they both like swimming.【原文】When Adrian Hutton and Carla Leone get married they will move into a new house that they have bought. But what sort of life will they have? What can they expect in modern Britain? Every year the British government publishes statistics about social trends. Their findings show definite patterns in the British way of life.In most marriages there are some marked differences between husbands and wives. Working wives, for example, sleep (on average) one hour more a day than working husbands. Housewives, on the other hand, sleep only about three hours more every week than their working husbands. And what about housework? The government survey showed that only 1% of men do the household chores — like cleaning and ironing. But they do usually keep household accounts and it is always men who do repairs or improvements in the house. 30% of all marriages end in divorce.The government survey also looked at leisure activities. They found that the two most popular leisure activities in Britain are watching television (the average family spends 20 hours a week in front of the TV set) and going for walks. Swimming is an especially popular activity among British women.Carla and Adrian's life, though, will probably be different from the average marriage. In the first place Carla has always kept her own accounts and Adrian has always done his own housework. Neither of them like watching television very much and they both like swimming.Task 5【答案】A.Topic: How a city in Japan solve the problem of garbage disposal.Supporting details: 160 million, every year, 10 percent, 10 percent, the rest, public cooperation1) garbage that can be easily burned, kitchen and garden trash2) electrical appliances, plastic tools, plastic toys3) are poisonous, cause pollution, batteries4) bottles and glass containers that can be recycled5) metal containers that can be recycled6) furniture and bicycledon different days, on request, fertilizer, to produce electricity, recycled, cleaned, repaired, resold cheaply, give awayB.1) The garbage will be taken to a center that looks like a clean new office building or hospital.Inside the center, special equipment is used to sort and process the garbage.2) Official from cities around the world visit Machida to see whether they can use some of these ideas and techniques to solve their own garbage disposal problems.【原文】Disposing of the garbage we produce every day is a major problem in cities around the world. In the United States, over 160 million tons of garbage are produce every year. Ten percent is recycled, ten percent is burned, and the rest is put in landfills. But finding land for new landfills is becoming more difficult.A city that has solved this problem in an unusual way is Machida, in Tokyo, Japan. They have developed a totally new approach to garbage disposal. The key to the operation is public cooperation. Families must divide their garbage into six categories:1. garbage that can be easily burned (that is, combustible garbage) such as kitchen and garden trash ;2. noncombustible garbage, such as small electrical appliances, plastic tools, and plastic toys ;3. products that are poisonous or that cause pollution, such as batteries and fluorescent lights ;4. bottles and glass containers that can be recycled ;5. metal containers that can be recycled ;6. large items, such as furniture and bicycles.The items in categories1 to 5 are collected on different days. Large items are only collected upon request. Then the garbage is taken to a center that looks like a clean new office building or hospital. Inside the center, special equipment is used to sort and process the garbage. Almost everything can be reused: garden or kitchen trash becomes fertilizer; combustible garbage is burned to produce electrical; metal containers and bottles are recycled; and old furniture, clothing, and other useful items are cleaned, repaired, and resold cheaply or given away. The work provides employment for handicapped person and gives them a chance to learn new skills.Nowadays, officials from cities around the world visit Machida to see whether they can use some of these ideas and techniques to solve their own garbage disposal problems.Task 6【答案】1) They were talking about Mrs. Carter.2) She was a tall, handsome woman who used to come into the shop at least twice a week.3) She lived alone in a large house on an old farm---about three miles from the shop.4) He was absolutely certain, otherwise he would never call the police. His evidence was this: First, he saw her do it; second, he found the things in her bag; third, she had done it before.5) Because two young people saw her. The shopkeeper believed that if they didn’t punish her, young people would think that stealing didn’t matter.6) The judge thought that it was difficult case from a humanitarian point of view. The excuses her found for her were: First, the woman was old and she lived alone---she was lonely. Second, she wasn’t poor---she was well-known for her generosity to charities and she didn’t need to steal. Teitems were only worth a pound or two. Third, she pleaded not guilty and she didn’t know that she had done it.【原文】Shopkeeper: I knew Mrs. Carter very well. She was a tall, handsome woman who used to come into the shop at least twice a week. She lived alone in a large house on an old farm —about three miles from here. People ask me if I am certain she did it. The answer is yes.I was absolutely certain, otherwise I would never have called the police. In the firstplace, I saw her do it. I watched her put the things into her bag and I watched her walkout of the store. In the second place, we found the things in her bag, and finally, shehad done it before. It wasn't the first time. I think she was in such a confused state thatshe didn’t know what she was doing, but two other people say her —two youngpeople. We had to punish her, otherwise young people would thin k that stealing didn’tmatter.Judge: It was a difficult case from a humanitarian point of view. The woman was old and she lived alone —she was lonely. She wasn’t poor—she was well-known for her generosity to charities and she didn’t need to steal. The items were only worth a pound or two. She pleaded not guilty and said she didn’t know that she had done it. From the legal point of view the case was straightforward. The woman stole; she was caught and reported. There were witnesses. She had to be punished or else no one could be punished for stealing.Task 7【答案】A. not all modern cities are alike; modern city.1) a single high-density center, skyscrapers, motorways, as far as you can see2) the low-density multi-center city, a large collection of a number of small centers, shopping centers, factories, businesses, skyscrapersB.1) He thinks that the second type( the Los Angeles model) is more sensible.2) He considers it highly likely that the kind of city we know now will completely disappear.【原文】Interviewer: Would you say then that all modem cities are pretty much alike?Urban Planner: Quite definitely not. There seem to be two types of modem city. In type one there is a single high-density centre, and that's where you'll find the skyscrapers. This issurrounded by motorways. And all around this centre, low-density suburbs stretchas far as you can see. This is like Houston, or Calgary, or Toronto. Interviewer:And the second type?Urban Planner: The other type is like Los Angeles — the low-density multi-centre city. As I'm sure you know Los Angeles is really a large collection of a number of smallcentres, each with its shopping centres, factories, businesses, and skyscrapersscattered everywhere. In a way it's almost one enormous suburb.Interviewer: Do you. think one type is better than the other?Urban Planner: I think the Los Angeles model is more sensible.Interviewer: And so do you think Los Angeles is the city of the future?Urban Planner: Well, it is arguable that the next step after Los Angeles is the complete disappearance of the city, with no real centre, where well-designed forms of urbanlife-modem factories and office blocks which are clean and quiet, and beautifulforms of rural life — the trees and parks of suburbs, live side by side.Interviewer: So are you saying that the city as we know it will disappear...Task 8【答案】A.1) He thinks that this country’s problems all come from inflation, which is the result of theDemocrat’s careless spending.2) No, she doesn’t agree with Ned. She believes that the problem is unemployment. If thegovernment cuts spending too much, people will fall into a vicious circle of more unemployment and fewer taxpayers to share the burden.3) She agrees with Barbara. She believes that unemployment is a big problem, especially in the big industrial cities. And the government isn’t doing very much to help the big industries out. 4) He believes in the free market system rather than government regulation or protection. He thinks that without a lot of government interference everything will be okay.5) No, they think it’s bad for the weak, the poor and the unprotected/ it’s bad for the underprivileged.B.more and more money, come from somewhere, higher taxes and higher prices【原文】Ned: ... you know, I think this country's problems all come from inflation. That's the main cause of our troubles right now. And what's causing the inflation? It's the reckless spending of theDemocrats! Every year they spend more and more money, and that money has to comefrom somewhere. So we pay it in the form of higher taxes and higher prices on thegoods we buy.Barbara: Well, I'm not sure that I agree with you. It seems to me that inflation is only one of our problems. What about unemployment? If people don't have jobs because the governmentcuts spending too much, they can't buy things; and then you have a vicious circle ofmore unemployment and fewer taxpayers to share the burden.Ellen: You know, I think Barbara may have something there. Unemployment is a big problem, especially in the big industrial cities. The auto industry is fighting for its life right now,and the government isn't doing very much to help it.Ned: Well, it's true that the auto industry is in a mess, but I don't think the answer is in government regulation or protection. I believe in the free market system —let thesystem work without a lot of government interference, and everything will be okay.Ellen: So the strong will win, and the weak will be defeated. Is that what you mean?Ned: Well, that's the way it goes. The survival of the fittest.Barbara: And too bad about the weak, the poor, the unprotected...Ned: Now you're getting emotional. You have to remain objective about these things. Let me give you an example of what I'm talking about...Task 9【答案】A.1) The problem is whether or not the inner city — the core of most urban areas — will manage tosurvive at all.2) They moved to the suburbs in search of fresh air, elbow room, and privacy.3) As a result, suburbs began to sprawl out across the countryside. Many cities began to fall intodisrepair. And many downtown areas existed for business only.4) The result was that urban centers declined even further and the suburbs expanded still more.5) Because from the decision of the Taylors and many other young couples, we can see that somepeople may be tired of spending long hours commuting, and they may have begun to miss the advantages of culture and companionship provided by city life.B.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) TC.1) middle-class, tax money, neighborhoods2) Crime, public transportation3) housing construction costs, was allowed to, constructed【原文】A few years ago, Ann and Walter Taylor thought it might be time to move out of their New York City apartment to the suburbs. They had one young son and another child on the way. But after months of looking, they became discourage and decided to buy an old townhouse right in the middle of Brooklyn, which is a part of New York City. To their delight, they discovered that they weren’t the only young couple to have made such a decision. In fact, their entire area in Brooklyn had been settled by young families. And as a result, the neighborhood, which had been declining for years, was now being restored.Brooklyn isn’t the only city in the United States to experience this kind of renewal. So are Philadelphia and St.Louis. And Charleston, South Carolina, has so successfully rebuilt its old central area that it now ranks as one of America’s most charming cities. The restoration of the old port city of Savannah, Georgia, is also living proof that downtown areas do not need to die. But encouraging as these developments may be, they are among the few bright spots in a mass of difficulties that today’s citie s face. Indeed, their woes are so many that it is fair to ask whether or not the inner city the core of most urban areas will manage to survive at all.In the 1940s, urban Americans began a mass move to the suburbs in search of fresh air, elbow room, and privacy. Suburbs began to sprawl out across the countryside. Since most of those making the move were middle-class, they took with them the tax money the cities needed to maintain the neighborhoods in which they had lived. The people left in the cities were often those who were too old or too poor to move. Thus, many cities began to fall into disrepair. Crime began to soar, and public transportation was neglected.( In the past sixty years San Francisco is the only city in the United States to have completed a new mass transit system.) Meanwhile, housing construction costs continued to rise higher and higher. Middle-class housing was allowed to decay, and little new housing was constructed.Eventually, many downtown areas existed for business only. During the day they would be filled with people working in offices, and at night they would be deserted. Given these circumstances, some business executives began asking, “Why bother with going downtown at all? Why not move the offices to the suburbs so that we c an live and work in the same area?” Gradually, some of the larger companies began moving out of the cities, with the result that urban centers declined even further and the suburbs expanded still more. This movement of business tothe suburbs is not confined to the United States. Businesses have also been moving to the suburbs in Stockholm, Sweden, in Bonn, Germany, and in Brussels, Belgium, as well.But it may well be that this movement to the suburbs has reached its peak. Some people may be tired of spending long hours commuting, and they may have begun to miss the advantages of culture and companionship provided by city life. Perhaps the decision made by the Taylors is a sign that people will return to the cities and begin to restore them. It begins to look as if suburban sprawl may not have been the answer to man’s need to create an ideal environment in which to live and work.Task 10【答案】A.1) 54, 20, 1980, £70,000.2) 30, 19803) a newspaper article, to research the market4) another few months, in April 1981, a 1,500 sq ft5) third, Canada, America, 20 percent, £1 million6) 20, 70, 3B.1) F 2) T 3) F 4)F 5)TC.1) He was deeply involved in the present job and rather enjoyed himself. He thought the shop washis own little baby and thought it was fun to serve behind the counter. However, he also thought that there was a lot more hard work than he was used to; he was working over the weekend doing his books. He called his old job “boring trips to Manchester to sell vast quantities of PVC”.2) He thought that there are far more job satisfaction; and believed that he was making money,rather than making money for other people.3) He was about to diversify into commercial distribution of imported and domestically producedwine and wines he’s produced himself.【原文】William Rudd, 54, worked for ICI petrochemicals for 20 years until 1980 when he took early retirement with &70,000. He opened his own delicatessen and butcher's shop in Kensington and has just bought a second London shop.I knew about a year before I left that I was going to go, so I looked around for office jobs. I had one of those frustrating periods where I nearly got some jobs but then I didn't. Actually it was a dinner party conversation which got me into the shop. A woman I knew said she was going to open a delicatessen and thought it sounded fun. So ! said, "Super, I'll come in with you." I'd always thought retailing would be amusing, after a lifetime of industrial selling.We found that the lease of the building stipulated we had to keep it as a butcher's and I added fish and cheese and things like that. I ended up spending far more than I'd ever intended.I didn't really do much research, except for fish, about which I knew nothing. I was clearly going to be the person standing behind the counter filleting, so I talked to one person who showed me a little, supplied me, and kept me under his wing for a little while. But it's quite easy to learn about fish; once you get used to gutting salmon you're on your way. Meat is more difficult; theskill is in the butchery, so I employ people for that. I had to learn about equipment by trial and error.I started in July — the worst time of the year for a shop like this — and the overdraft kept going up. That was rather frightening because there was no one between me and the bank manager. My reaction early on was that it was bound to come right. At the same time I was deeply involved and rather enjoying myself. It was my own little baby and it was fun to serve behind the counter — completely different from boring trips to Manchester to sell vast quantities of PVC. There was a lot more hard work than I was used to; I was working over the weekend doing my books.I remember my accountant saying to me when I was starting up, "What are you going to do for mental stimulation?" In fact there's quite a lot of mental stimulation in the sheer terror of losing money: I couldn't have conceived of doing this 20 years ago. It was a great leap in the dark. I don't know if I'm brave or foolish, or a bit of both I suppose. But I do know that if I'd listened to anyone I would never have done it.Les Shield, 30, a boiler technician, was made redundant from British Steel at Consett in 1980. 145'th Mike Heywood, a Consett transport manager made redundant at the same time, he started British Brewing Products, manufacturing beer kits and now diversifi2ing into wine production.I read a newspaper article about a company which had done quite well in home brew, and I started to research the market 18 months before the closure at Consett. By the time the steelworks were due to close I had a business plan ready. We bought some products which we had made for us and went out into the wilds of Yorkshire and Lancashire and sold them as a test. It took two months before we got any repeat business and that was a nail-biting period. It took another few months to fend premises and to get financial assistance from BSC industry and the bank. We went into production in April 1981 manufacturing home-brewing kits in a 1,500 sq ft factory.Let's face it, in this area, there wasn't a lot of choice. You could sit and vegetate and spend your redundancy money, you could move away and find new employment, or you could use your redundancy money to sink or swim.We're swimming. We're actually doing very well. I like being self-employed; there's far more job satisfaction. You know that at the end of the day you're getting the full value, personally, of the work you do. That's what you're in business for — to make money, rather than make money for other people. It was obviously a strain when I spent 5 days a week training, but after 18 months, we were able to afford our first salesman.I think my wife was happy for me to do what I've done. She accepted that there would be a certain amount of stress during the early days, but she probably realized that if I was successful the rewards would be there at the end of the day.We're now in our third factory since we started. We export our products to the Republic of Ireland, Canada and America; exports account for 20 percent of production. Our turnover will exceed &1 million for the first time this year.We're about to diversify into commercial distribution of imported and domestically produced wine and wines we're producing ourselves. We employ 20 people at the moment but that will rise to 70 in the next 3 months.Task 11【原文】I could hear the guard blowing his whistle, so I ran onto the platform and up to the train.Luckily someone saw me coming, a door opened, and I jumped on while the train was movingout of the station. “Phew!” I thought. “That was hard work!” I was sur e the other passengers could hear my heart beating; it was so loud, and I was in a cold sweat.After a while, I recovered, and had a look at the other passengers. The compartment was full, but I was the only one standing. The people in the carriage turned their eyes away as they noticed me looking at them; all except one, a beautiful woman sitting in the corner. I saw her watching me in the mirror. Automatically, I adjusted my tie. She had seen me running for the train: maybe this was my lucky day after all. I prepared to say hello.She spoke first, however. “Would you like my seat?” she asked. “You look rather ill.” That was the day on which I realized I was getting middle-aged.。

《水手英语听力与会话》课程标准

《水手英语听力与会话》课程标准课程代码：13013701课程类型：理实一体课课程性质：必修课适用专业：船舶驾驶总学时：10一、课程性质与作用本课程主要为适应STCW78/10公约，满足（高级）值班水手英语听力与会话评估大纲及航运企业对国际海员的需要，旨在培养学生的英语运用能力。

通过本课程的学习和模拟训练，使学生掌握日常用语、船舶口令和保持值班、交接班用语，基本能用英语进行生活和工作方面的交流，最终通过国家海事局英语听力与会话评估考试。

本课程的开设应在学生掌握了一定的语音基础、词汇和语法、听力、会话基础以及一定的自主学习能力的前提下开设。

二、课程目标通过评估，检验被评估者具有高级值班水手英语听力与会话的能力，以满足STCW公约马尼拉修正案和中华人民共和国海事局海船船员适任考试评估的有关要求。

1、知识目标（1）能够正确发音、朗读和具备听力基本知识；（2）掌握保持安全值班、交班和接班的日常用语；（3）掌握舵令、解系缆令、锚令和车钟令用语；（4）掌握船舶救生、消防等应急部署、演习的常用语；2、专业能力目标（1）具备简单日常交际能力；（2）具备船舶口令复诵和报告的能力；（3）具备安全值班、交班和接班的日常用语的能力；3、素质能力目标（1）具有良好的心理素质和克服困难的能力；（2）具有良好的团队精神和协作能力；（3）具有强烈的安全意识和水域环境保护的意识；（4）具有依法遵章行事的意识；三、课程设计理念与思路本课程标准的设计以职业需要为导向，联系实际情况与需要，在人才需求调研和专业建设改革的基础上，对（高级）值班水手岗位的任务和职业能力进行分析分解，并结合STCW78/10公约规定和国家海事局对值班水手岗位的适任要求和企业对值班水手的实际需要，确定课程的教学内容和实训项目，通过情景的教学模式，培养学生岗位适任能力，尽可能实现零距离上岗。

四、教学进程安排五、教学内容与要求六、考核评价注重过程考核，采取多元化的考核评价方法，把课程终结考试与过程考核中学生取得的成绩，七、教学条件1、实践条件本课程教学主要使用语音室和多媒体教室，在教学过程中播放相关的视频、幻灯片和图片，使学生对所学的知识有更加直观的认识。

水手英语听力会话部分(全)

ship is alongside the wharf, I’ll keep the gangway watch.
My duties are to keep safe watch as normal, and when in emergency, I’ll act as required in the muster list.
out and report.
The helmsman should answer the helm orders clearly and loudly.
When the ship does not answer the wheel, the helmsman should report it immediately to the person giving the
There are many maritime agencies, the MSA, harbour master, the agent, stevedores company, tally agency,
and so on.
The MSA supervising the maritime fares, the harbour master is in charge of the harbour and inbounding and
The specialty of my hometown is tea.
4 1 please say something about your responsibilities on board
My position on board is A.B.
My daily work is to keep bridge watch as a watch man or to steer the wheel when the ship is at sea. When the

《水手英语》听力与会话(1-12)全集

《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案Unit3

《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案Unit3《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案乌克兰Grabovo村某处向日葵花田里，手机和电脑散落一地，在另一处地上，一本荷兰护照张开着躺在地上，地面上到处都是从天空摔下的人们的尸体，看起来就像烂抹布和烧成灰的肉块。

“当时太恐怖了，”当地一位独立派反抗军成员说，他的名字叫Sergei，也参与了救援工作，“我们当时都震惊了。

”Unit 3Unit 3Task 1【答案】A.1) Stress on the job costs American companies as much as $150 billion a year in lower productivity, unnecessary employee sick leave, and higher medical costs.2) The most stressful professions are those that involve danger and extreme pressure and those that carry a lot of responsibility without much control.3) The best way to deal with stress is through relaxation, but sometimes the only answer is to fight back or walk away.B.1) Three-quarters2) psychologists, doctors3) nervousness, anger, frequent illness, forgetfulness, mental problems【原文】Stress on the job costs American companies as much as $150 billion a year in lower productivity, unnecessary employee sick leave, and higher medical costs. Three-quarters of the office workers today say they suffer from stress at work. Recently, psychologists and doctors have begun to study the problem more closely. They have discovered that the most stressful professions are those that involve danger, extreme pressure and those that carry a lot of responsibility without much control.The sign of stress range from nervousness, anger, and frequent illness to forgetfulness or even mental problems. The best way to deal with stress is through relaxation, but sometimes the only answer is to fight back or walk away.Task 2【答案】A.1)give in so easily to hijackers’ demandsa) threaten to blow up a plane, commit some other outageb) hold out against this kind of blackmail, always have terrorists, Start executing terroristsautomaticallyc)be prepared to face the consequences of evil2)a) It’s the lesser of two evils. Terrorists have proven often enough that they really mean business.b)Innocent lives, threatening the innocent will achieve its ends.B.She implies that if the first speaker was one of the victims of terrorism, she would want the government to give in to thedemands so that she wouldn’t die.【原文】Margaret: Governments give in so easily to hijackers’ demands. A hijacker only has to threaten to blow up a plane or commit some other outrage, and a government gives in to his demands.Valerie: Naturally. It’s the less er of the two evils. What government would risk innocent lives just to see if terrorists will really do what they threaten to do? Terrorists have proven often enough that they really mean business.Margaret: Yes, but i f a government doesn’t hold out against this kind of blackmail, we wil l always have terrorists. Governments are afraid to punish these people. They almost always letthem go free. Start executing terrorists automatically wherever they land, and terrorismwill stop.Valerie: And what about the innocent lives that will be lost in the process? Terrorism is based on the simple idea that threatening the innocent will achieve its ends.Margaret: You can’t get rid of evil without being prepared to face the consequences of evil. Valerie: So long as you’re not one of the victims!Task 3【答案】A.1)thirty-five, natural light, a small window, hot, airless, very noisy2) Mexico3) ought to, shouldn’tB.1)It is located in a narrow street with five-and six-storey buildings eight kilometers fromdowntown Los Angeles.2) This factory makes shirts and jeans3) She’s already been working for ten hours, but won’t stop for another two hours.4) She can’t complain about those things because she is an illegal immigrant.【原文】Eight kilometers from downtown Los Angeles there is a narrow street with five- and six-storey buildings. Inside one of these buildings there is a small factory making shirts and jeans. The women working in the factory sit close together, each with a small table, each with their own sewing machine. The women say nothing, and work hard. In one of the rooms there are thirty-five women. There is only a little natural light, and this comes from a small window in the roof. The room is hot, airless, and very noisy. On the left-hand side of the room there is a young girl sitting next to the wall. Every now and again she closes her eyes, and her fingers stop working. She's already been in her chair for ten hours, but she'll be here until the bell rings — and that won't be for another two hours. Her name is Maria, and she comes from Mexico. She won't complain about her work. She won't say that the working hours ought to be changed; she won't say that the working conditions shouldn't be permitted.Task 4【答案】A.Every year the British government publishes statistics aboutsocial trends. Their findings show definite patterns in the British way of life.1)marked differencesa)one hour more every day, three hours more every weekb) 1 percent, cleaning and ironing, keep household accounts, do repairs or improvementsc)30 percent2)leisure activities, watching television, 20 hours a week, going for walks, Swimming, BritishwomenB.Unlike the other couples, Carla has always kept her won accounts and Adrian has always done his own housework. Neither of them like watching television very much and they both like swimming.【原文】When Adrian Hutton and Carla Leone get married they will move into a new house that they have bought. But what sort of life will they have? What can they expect in modern Britain? Every year the British government publishes statistics about social trends. Their findings show definite patterns in the British way of life.In most marriages there are some marked differences between husbands and wives. Working wives, for example, sleep (on average) one hour more a day than working husbands. Housewives, on the other hand, sleep only about three hours more every week than their working husbands. And what about housework? The government survey showed that only 1% of men do the household chores — like cleaning and ironing. But they do usually keep household accounts and it is always men who dorepairs or improvements in the house. 30% of all marriages end in divorce.The government survey also looked at leisure activities. They found that the two most popular leisure activities in Britain are watching television (the average family spends 20 hours a week in front of the TV set) and going for walks. Swimming is an especially popular activity among British women.Carla and Adrian's life, though, will probably be different from the average marriage. In the first place Carla has always kept her own accounts and Adrian has always done his own housework. Neither of them like watching television very much and they both like swimming.Task 5【答案】A.Topic: How a city in Japan solve the problem of garbage disposal.Supporting details: 160 million, every year, 10 percent, 10 percent, the rest, public cooperation1) garbage that can be easily burned, kitchen and garden trash2) electrical appliances, plastic tools, plastic toys3) are poisonous, cause pollution, batteries4) bottles and glass containers that can be recycled5) metal containers that can be recycled6) furniture and bicycledon different days, on request, fertilizer, to produce electricity, recycled, cleaned, repaired, resold cheaply, give awayB.1) The garbage will be taken to a center that looks like a cleannew office building or hospital.Inside the center, special equipment is used to sort and process the garbage.2) Official from cities around the world visit Machida to see whether they can use some of these ideas and techniques to solve their own garbage disposal problems.【原文】Disposing of the garbage we produce every day is a major problem in cities around the world. In the United States, over 160 million tons of garbage are produce every year. Ten percent is recycled, ten percent is burned, and the rest is put in landfills. But finding land for new landfills is becoming more difficult.A city that has solved this problem in an unusual way is Machida, in Tokyo, Japan. They have developed a totally new approach to garbage disposal. The key to the operation is public cooperation. Families must divide their garbage into six categories:1. garbage that can be easily burned (that is, combustible garbage) such as kitchen and garden trash?;2. noncombustible garbage, such as small electrical appliances, plastic tools, and plastic toys?;3. products that are poisonous or that cause pollution, such as batteries and fluorescent lights?;4. bottles and glass containers that can be recycled?;5. metal containers that can be recycled?;6. large items, such as furniture and bicycles.The items in categories1 to 5 are collected on different days. Large items are only collected upon request. Then the garbage is taken to a center that looks like a clean new office building or hospital. Inside the center, special equipment is used to sort andprocess the garbage. Almost everything can be reused: garden or kitchen trash becomes fertilizer; combustible garbage is burned to produce electrical; metal containers and bottles are recycled; and old furniture, clothing, and other useful items are cleaned, repaired, and resold cheaply or given away. The work provides employment for handicapped person and gives them a chance to learn new skills.Nowadays, officials from cities around the world visit Machida to see whether they can use some of these ideas and techniques to solve their own garbage disposal problems.Task 6【答案】1) They were talking about Mrs. Carter.2) She was a tall, handsome woman who used to come into the shop at least twice a week.3) She lived alone in a large house on an old farm---about three miles from the shop.4) He was absolutely certain, otherwise he would never call the police. His evidence was this: First, he saw her do it; second, he found the things in her bag; third, she had done it before.5) Because two young people saw her. The shopkeeper believed that if they didn’t punish her, young people would think that stealing didn’t matter.6) The judge thought that it was difficult case from a humanitarian point of view. The excuses her found for her were: First, the woman was old and she lived alone---she was lonely. Second, she wasn’t poor---she was well-known for her generosity to charities and she didn’t need to steal. Te items were only worth a pound or two. Third, she pleaded not guilty and she didn’t know that she had done it.【原文】Shopkeeper: I knew Mrs. Carter very well. She was a tall, handsome woman who used to come into the shop at least twice a week. She lived alone in a large house on an old farm —about three miles from here. People ask me if I am certain she did it. The answer is yes.I was absolutely certain, otherwise I would never have called the police. In the firstplace, I saw her do it. I watched her put the things into her bag and I watched her walkout of the store. In the second place, we found the things in her bag, and finally, shehad done it before. It wasn't the first time. I think she was in such a confused state thatshe didn’t know what she was doing, but two other people say her —two youngpeople. We had to punish her, otherwise young people would thin k that steali ng didn’tmatter.Judge: It was a difficult case from a humanitarian point of view. The woman was old and she lived alone —she was lonely. She wasn’t poor—she was well-known for her generosity to charities and she didn’t need to steal. The items were only worth a pound or two. She pleaded not guilty and said she didn’t know that she had done it. From the legal point of view the case was straightforward. The woman stole; she was caught and reported. There were witnesses. She had to be punished or else no one could be punished for stealing.Task 7【答案】A. not all modern cities are alike; modern city.1) a single high-density center, skyscrapers, motorways, as far as you can see2) the low-density multi-center city, a large collection of a number of small centers, shopping centers, factories, businesses, skyscrapersB.1) He thinks that the second type( the Los Angeles model) is more sensible.2) He considers it highly likely that the kind of city we know now will completely disappear.【原文】Interviewer: Would you say then that all modem cities are pretty much alike?Urban Planner: Quite definitely not. There seem to be two types of modem city. In type one there is a single high-density centre, and that's where you'll find the skyscrapers. This is surrounded by motorways. And all around this centre, low-density suburbs stretchas far as you can see. This is like Houston, or Calgary, or Toronto. Interviewer:And the second type?Urban Planner: The other type is like Los Angeles — the low-density multi-centre city. As I'm sure you know Los Angeles is really a large collection of a number of smallcentres, each with its shopping centres, factories, businesses, and skyscrapersscattered everywhere. In a way it's almost one enormous suburb.Interviewer: Do you. think one type is better than the other?Urban Planner: I think the Los Angeles model is more sensible.Interviewer: And so do you think Los Angeles is the city of the future?Urban Planner: Well, it is arguable that the next step after Los Angeles is the complete disappearance of the city, with no real centre, where well-designed forms of urbanlife-modem factories and office blocks which are clean and quiet, and beautifulforms of rural life — the trees and parks of suburbs, live side by side.Interviewer: So are you saying that the city as we know it will disappear...Task 8【答案】A.1) He thinks that this country’s problems all come from inflation, which is the result of theDemocrat’s careless spending.2) No, she doesn’t agree with Ned. She believes that the problem is unemployment. If thegovernment cuts spending too much, people will fall into a vicious circle of more unemployment and fewer taxpayers to share the burden.3) She agrees with Barbara. She believes that unemployment is a big problem, especially in the big industrial cities. And the government isn’t doing very much to help the big industries out. 4) He believes in the free market system rather than government regulation or protection. He thinks that without a lot of government interference everything will be okay.5) No, they think it’s bad for the weak, the poor and the unprotected/ it’s bad for the underprivileged.B.more and more money, come from somewhere, higher taxes and higher prices【原文】Ned: ... you know, I think this country's problems all come from inflation. That's the main cause of our troubles right now. And what's causing the inflation? It's the reckless spending of the Democrats! Every year they spend more and more money, and that money has to comefrom somewhere. So we pay it in the form of higher taxes and higher prices on thegoods we buy.Barbara: Well, I'm not sure that I agree with you. It seems to me that inflation is only one of our problems. What about unemployment? If people don't have jobs because the governmentcuts spending too much, they can't buy things; and then you have a vicious circle ofmore unemployment and fewer taxpayers to share the burden.Ellen: You know, I think Barbara may have something there. Unemployment is a big problem, especially in the big industrial cities. The auto industry is fighting for its life right now, and the government isn't doing very much to help it.Ned: Well, it's true that the auto industry is in a mess, but I don't think the answer is in government regulation or protection.I believe in the free market system —let thesystem work without a lot of government interference, andeverything will be okay.Ellen: So the strong will win, and the weak will be defeated. Is that what you mean?Ned: Well, that's the way it goes. The survival of the fittest.Barbara: And too bad about the weak, the poor, the unprotected...Ned: Now you're getting emotional. You have to remain objective about these things. Let me give you an example of what I'm talking about...Task 9【答案】A.1) The problem is whether or not the inner city — the core of most urban areas — will manage tosurvive at all.2) They moved to the suburbs in search of fresh air, elbow room, and privacy.3) As a result, suburbs began to sprawl out across the countryside. Many cities began to fall intodisrepair. And many downtown areas existed for business only.4) The result was that urban centers declined even further and the suburbs expanded still more.5) Because from the decision of the T aylors and many other young couples, we can see that somepeople may be tired of spending long hours commuting, and they may have begun to miss the advantages of culture and companionship provided by city life.B.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) TC.1) middle-class, tax money, neighborhoods2) Crime, public transportation3) housing construction costs, was allowed to, constructed【原文】A few years ago, Ann and Walter Taylor thought it might be time to move out of their New York City apartment to the suburbs. They had one young son and another child on the way. But after months of looking, they became discourage and decided to buy an old townhouse right in the middle of Brooklyn, which is a part of New York City. To their delight, they discovered that they weren’t the only young couple to have made such a deci sion. In fact, their entire area in Brooklyn had been settled by young families. And as a result, the neighborhood, which had been declining for years, was now being restored.Brooklyn isn’t the only city in the United States to experience this kind of renewal. So are Philadelphia and St.Louis. And Charleston, South Carolina, has so successfully rebuilt its old central area that it now ranks as one of America’s most charming cities. The restoration of the old port city of Savannah, Georgia, is also living proof that downtown areas do not need to die. But encouraging as these developments may be, they are among the few bright spots in a mass of difficulties that today’s citie s face. Indeed, their woes are so many that it is fair to ask whether or not the inner city the core of most urban areas will manage to survive at all.In the 1940s, urban Americans began a mass move to the suburbs in search of fresh air, elbow room, and privacy. Suburbs began to sprawl out across the countryside. Since most of those making the move were middle-class, they took with them the taxmoney the cities needed to maintain the neighborhoods in which they had lived. The people left in the cities were often those who were too old or too poor to move. Thus, many cities began to fall into disrepair. Crime began to soar, and public transportation was neglected.( In the past sixty years San Francisco is the only city in the United States to have completed a new mass transit system.) Meanwhile, housing construction costs continued to rise higher and higher. Middle-class housing was allowed to decay, and little new housing was constructed.Eventually, many downtown areas existed for business only. During the day they would be filled with people working in offices, and at night they would be deserted. Given these circumstances, some business executives began asking, “Why bother with going downtown at all? Why not move the offices to the suburbs so that we c an live and work in the same area?” Gradually, some of the larger companies began moving out of the cities, with the result that urban centers declined even further and the suburbs expanded still more. This movement of business tothe suburbs is not confined to the United States. Businesses have also been moving to the suburbs in Stockholm, Sweden, in Bonn, Germany, and in Brussels, Belgium, as well.But it may well be that this movement to the suburbs has reached its peak. Some people may be tired of spending long hours commuting, and they may have begun to miss the advantages of culture and companionship provided by city life. Perhaps the decision made by the T aylors is a sign that people will return to the cities and begin to restore them. It begins to look as if suburban sprawl may not have been the answer to man’s need to create an ideal environment in which to live andwork.Task 10【答案】A.1) 54, 20, 1980, ￡70,000.2) 30, 19803) a newspaper article, to research the market4) another few months, in April 1981, a 1,500 sq ft5) third, Canada, America, 20 percent, ￡1 million6) 20, 70, 3B.1) F 2) T 3) F 4)F 5)TC.1) He was deeply involved in the present job and rather enjoyed himself. He thought the shop washis own little baby and thought it was fun to serve behind the counter. However, he also thought that there was a lot more hard work than he was used to; he was working over the weekend doing his books. He called his old job “boring trips to Manchester to sell vast quantities of PVC”.2) He thought that there are far more job satisfaction; and believed that he was making money,rather than making money for other people.3) He was about to diversify into commercial distribution of imported and domestically producedwine and wines he’s produced himself.【原文】William Rudd, 54, worked for ICI petrochemicals for 20 years until 1980 when he took early retirement with &70,000. He opened his own delicatessen and butcher's shop in Kensingtonand has just bought a second London shop.I knew about a year before I left that I was going to go, so I looked around for office jobs. I had one of those frustrating periods where I nearly got some jobs but then I didn't. Actually it was a dinner party conversation which got me into the shop. A woman I knew said she was going to open a delicatessen and thought it sounded fun. So ! said, "Super, I'll come in with you." I'd always thought retailing would be amusing, after a lifetime of industrial selling.We found that the lease of the building stipulated we had to keep it as a butcher's and I added fish and cheese and things like that. I ended up spending far more than I'd ever intended.I didn't really do much research, except for fish, about which I knew nothing. I was clearly going to be the person standing behind the counter filleting, so I talked to one person who showed me a little, supplied me, and kept me under his wing for a little while. But it's quite easy to learn about fish; once you get used to gutting salmon you're on your way. Meat is more difficult; theskill is in the butchery, so I employ people for that. I had to learn about equipment by trial and error.I started in July — the worst time of the year for a shop like this —and the overdraft kept going up. That was rather frightening because there was no one between me and the bank manager. My reaction early on was that it was bound to come right. At the same time I was deeply involved and rather enjoying myself. It was my own little baby and it was fun to serve behind the counter —completely different from boring trips to Manchester to sell vast quantities of PVC. There was a lot more hard work than I was used to; I was working over the weekenddoing my books.I remember my accountant saying to me when I was starting up, "What are you going to do for mental stimulation?" In fact there's quite a lot of mental stimulation in the sheer terror of losing money: I couldn't have conceived of doing this 20 years ago. It was a great leap in the dark. I don't know if I'm brave or foolish, or a bit of both I suppose. But I do know that if I'd listened to anyone I would never have done it.Les Shield, 30, a boiler technician, was made redundant from British Steel at Consett in 1980. 145'th Mike Heywood, a Consett transport manager made redundant at the same time, he started British Brewing Products, manufacturing beer kits and now diversifi2ing into wine production.I read a newspaper article about a company which had done quite well in home brew, and I started to research the market 18 months before the closure at Consett. By the time the steelworks were due to close I had a business plan ready. We bought some products which we had made for us and went out into the wilds of Yorkshire and Lancashire and sold them as a test. It took two months before we got any repeat business and that was a nail-biting period. It took another few months to fend premises and to get financial assistance from BSC industry and the bank. We went into production in April 1981 manufacturing home-brewing kits in a 1,500 sq ft factory.Let's face it, in this area, there wasn't a lot of choice. You could sit and vegetate and spend your redundancy money, you could move away and find new employment, or you could use your redundancy money to sink or swim.We're swimming. We're actually doing very well. I like being self-employed; there's far more job satisfaction. You know that atthe end of the day you're getting the full value, personally, of the work you do. That's what you're in business for — to make money, rather than make money for other people. It was obviously a strain when I spent 5 days a week training, but after 18 months, we were able to afford our first salesman.I think my wife was happy for me to do what I've done. She accepted that there would be a certain amount of stress during the early days, but she probably realized that if I was successful the rewards would be there at the end of the day.We're now in our third factory since we started. We export our products to the Republic of Ireland, Canada and America; exports account for 20 percent of production. Our turnover will exceed &1 million for the first time this year.We're about to diversify into commercial distribution of imported and domestically produced wine and wines we're producing ourselves. We employ 20 people at the moment but that will rise to 70 in the next 3 months.Task 11【原文】I could hear the guard blowing his whistle, so I ran onto the platform and up to the train.Luckily someone saw me coming, a door opened, and I jumped on while the train was movingout of the station. “Phew!” I thought. “That was hard work!” I was sur e the other passengers could hear my heart beating; it was so loud, and I was in a cold sweat.After a while, I recovered, and had a look at the other passengers. The compartment was full, but I was the only one standing. The people in the carriage turned their eyes away as they noticed me looking at them; all except one, a beautifulwoman sitting in the corner. I saw her watching me in the mirror. Automatically, I adjusted my tie. She had seen me running for the train: maybe this was my lucky day after all. I prepared to say hello.She spoke first, however. “Would you like my seat?” she asked. “You look rather ill.” That was the day on which I realized I was getting middle-aged.。

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