[考研类试卷]语言学历年真题试卷汇编8.doc

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语言学考研试题及答案

语言学考研试题及答案

语言学考研试题及答案一、选择题(每题2分,共10分)1. 语言学的主要研究对象是()。

A. 语言B. 文字C. 文学D. 历史答案:A2. 以下哪项不属于语音学的研究范畴?()A. 音位B. 音标C. 语调D. 语法答案:D3. 转换生成语法是由哪位语言学家提出的?()A. 索绪尔B. 布隆菲尔德C. 乔姆斯基D. 萨丕尔答案:C4. 以下哪个选项是社会语言学研究的内容?()A. 语言的起源B. 语言的演变C. 语言的变异D. 语言的规则答案:C5. 语言接触导致的语言变化称为()。

A. 语言演变B. 语言借用C. 语言混合D. 语言分化答案:B二、填空题(每题2分,共10分)1. 语言学的三个基本分支是语音学、______和句法学。

答案:语法学2. 语言的最小意义单位是______。

答案:语素3. 一种语言的音位系统称为该语言的______。

答案:音系4. 语言的规则性体现在______。

答案:语法5. 语言的交际功能包括表达、______和指示。

答案:指称三、简答题(每题10分,共20分)1. 简述语言的任意性原则。

答案:语言的任意性原则指的是语言符号的音义结合是任意的,即语言符号的音与义之间没有自然的、必然的联系,而是由社会约定俗成的。

2. 描述语言的双重性。

答案:语言的双重性指的是语言既有形式又有内容。

形式指的是语言的音位、词汇、句法等结构;内容指的是语言所表达的意义和信息。

四、论述题(每题20分,共40分)1. 论述语言的交际功能。

答案:语言的交际功能是指语言在人际交流中的作用,主要包括以下几个方面:表达功能,即通过语言来表达个人的思想、情感和意愿;指称功能,即通过语言来指称或描述客观世界的事物和现象;社交功能,即通过语言进行社会交往,建立和维护人际关系;思维功能,即通过语言进行思考和认识世界。

2. 论述语言的演变过程。

答案:语言的演变过程是一个复杂且漫长的历史过程,包括语音、词汇、语法等方面的变化。

[考研类试卷]语言学历年真题试卷汇编2.doc

[考研类试卷]语言学历年真题试卷汇编2.doc
32用你所熟悉的外语与汉语相比较,具体说明现代汉语(普通话)的语音、词汇和语法特点(要求三方面各举一例)。(2005年武汉大学考题)
(A)正确
(B)错误
27 “克隆”是借词,“电话”是意译词。(2009年北京语言大学考题)
(A)正确
(B)错误
28试论自然语言和人工语言的本质区别。(2006年上海交通大学考题)
29语言符号的系统性。(2003年北京语言大学考题)
30论述变换对于句法研究的作用。(2007年曲阜师范大学考题)
31汉字系统为什么长期停留在意音文字阶段?你对汉字的简化和拼音化有什么看法?(2006年中山大学考题)
[考研类试卷]语言学历年真题试卷汇编2
1指出汉语普通话/a/音位的变体及其发音条件。(2006年山东师范大学考题)
2举例说明单纯词与合成词的区别。(2003年北京语言大学考题)
3举例说明指示语的两个基本特征。(2008年华中师范大学考题)
二、填空题
请完成下列各题,在各题的空处填入恰当的答案。
4语言与言语的区别是:_______、_______、_______、_______、_______。(2005年华中师范大学考题)
五、单项选择题
下列各题的备选答案中,只有一个是符合题意的。
20下列句子中加横线的词,( )是语言学意义上的“语言”。(2005年中山大学考题)
(A)朱自清先生的散文<u>语言</u>清新流畅。
(B)我和那些人没有共同<u>语言</u>。
(C)你会不会讲中国<u>话</u>?
(D)这个人<u>言语</u>乏味。
23下列词中,属于仿译词的是( )(2005年中山大学考题)

[考研类试卷]英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编10.doc

[考研类试卷]英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编10.doc

[考研类试卷]英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编10一、简答题1 In what way do we say English is an inflectional language?(厦门大学2006研)2 Illustrate lexical change proper with the latest examples in English, covering at least four aspects.(大连外国语学院2008研)3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Immediate Constituent Analysis(IC Analysis)(北京交通大学2006研)4 Illustrate "Immediate Constituent Analysis".(大连外国语学院2008研)4 For each of the following pairs of sentences, discuss how the two sentences are different from each other.(南京大学2006研)5 A.His carelessness I can't bear.B. I can't bear his carelessness.6 A.A dagger killed the tourist.B. The tourist was killed with a dagger.7 A.A hurricane killed eight people.B. Eight people died in a hurricane.8 Describe with tree diagrams the transformations involved in forming the question "Does John like the book?"(南开大学2007研)9 What, in your view, makes a text a text, rather than a series of unconnected utterances? What are the implications of your answer for second language teaching?(北外2006研)9 The English sentences given below are ungrammatical. You are required to give the syntactic explanation to the ungrammaticality in each of the sentences.(南开大学2011研)10 * Jack put his ball.11 * I wonder Michael walked the dog.12 * Frank thinks himself is a superstar.13 What are the similarities and differences between a phrase and a clause?(中山大学2011研)14 Explain the seven types of meaning and use examples to illustrate your ideas.(人大2007研;南开大学2004研)15 Discuss sense, denotation and reference, using Chinese examples to illustrate your points.(北外2008研)16 Words are in different sense relations with each other. What sense relation is illustrated in each of the pairs of words below? Add one more example to each pair.(北航2008研)(a)casual - informal(b)intelligent - stupid(c)steal - steel(d)animal - dog17 For each of the following pairs of words, state the principal reason why they may not be considered to be synonyms:(浙江大学2005研)a. man boyb. toilet looc. determined stubbornd. pavement sidewalke. slim skinnyf. move run18 Put the following words in a hierarchical order(you can use a tree diagram if need be)and try to define at least two of them:(北师大2003研)crocodile, mammal, reptile, rabbit, primate, animal18 Study the following exchange and then answer the questions that follow.(南京大学2006研)"Take some more tea. " the March Hare said to Alice, very earnestly.I've had nothing yet, Alice replied in an offended tone, "so I can't take more. "19 Why was Alice offended?20 What is the problem with the March Hare's remark? What is the linguistic issue involved here?21 Consider the following statements. When do we say Statement A entails Statement B? When do we say Statement A presupposes Statement B? Does Statement A necessarily entail Statement C? Why? Do Statements A and D both presuppose Statement B?Why?(南京大学2008研)A. Jack's brother has gone bankrupt.B. Jack has a brother.C. Jack's sibling has gone bankrupt.D. Jack's brother has not gone bankrupt.22 In each of the following sentences, the second part cancels some information given by the first part. However, this seems to result in quite acceptable utterances in group(l)andin very awkward utterances in group(2). Explain why.(北外2002研)Group(1)a.老张有三个小孩子,其实还不止三个。

全国汉语国际教育硕士(语言学纲要)历年真题试卷汇编及答案

全国汉语国际教育硕士(语言学纲要)历年真题试卷汇编及答案

全国汉语国际教育硕士(语言学纲要)历年真题试卷汇编一、填空题1 .常用的文字输入方法有_______________ 、_______________ 、_______________ 、四类。

2.____________________ 作为符号,__________________________ 使之有了存在的必要,______________________ 使之有了存在的物质基础,从而能被感知。

3.__________________________ 文字的特点是要受特点的制约。

4.“五四"运动以来,通过翻译,汉语里增加了一些所谓“欧化句式”-这是语言结构规则的_______________ o二、判断题5.音素具有区别词的语音形式的作用。

()(A)正确(B)错误6.在世界语言中,分布最广的语系是汉藏语系。

()(A)正确(B)错误7.语言符号具有任意性的特点,但复合符号的组合不是任意的。

(中国人民大学考研试题)(A)正确(B)错误选择题…为题目类型8.在北京语音系统中,“(A)2/7/5(B)2/8/6(C)2/7/6(D)2/6/59.确定“忽然”是副词,“突然”是形容词,主要是依据()。

(A)词的意义(B)词的形态变化(C)词的句法功能(D)词的意义和形态变化10.英语的“sheep”和“ship”两个音节之间起区别作用的是()。

(A)调位(B)时位(C)重位(D)音质音位11 .英语“He seems sad”(他面有悲色)中的动词seems中的s表示的语法意义是()。

(A)性、数、格(B)时、体、态(C)时、体、格(D)数、时、人称12.人们说话时,常把/ ma ma /发成/ ma(A)同化(B)异化(C)弱化(D)脱落三、多项选择题13.从“我打破了花瓶”变换为“我把花瓶打破了”,使用了()的变换手法。

(A)删除(B)添加(C)替代(D)移位7、名词解释14.语言的标准变体、地域变体和社会方言15.异根式和零形式16.语音对应关系五、问答题17.动词重叠是现代汉语常见的语言现象,比较从下面能说和不能说的句子,试说说动词重叠成立和动词重叠句(动词重叠作谓语的句子)成立,各要求什么样的语义条件。

语言学考研真题大全(共13套)

语言学考研真题大全(共13套)

中文系语言学概论2002年2002年科目429 语言学概论专业:语言学及应用语言学、汉语言文字学研究方向:以上专业所有方向一、简答题(每小题2分,共20分)1、简述现代汉语书面语和口头语的源头2、闽方言包括哪几个次方言?各以哪个地方的语音为代表?3、说明汉语音节的结构地点4、汉语拼音方案有哪些优点?5、简要说明调值和调类的关系6、-i[前]、-i[后]、ong、iong等韵母分别属于四呼中的哪一呼?7、词汇学中的义位和传统所说的义项有什么不同?8、说明谚语被认为是词汇的一部分的原因9、什么是独立语?简要说明独立语的类型10、举例说明主谓句的主要句型二、应用题(共56分)1、为下列词语注上汉语拼音(6分)创伤粗犷呆板解剖皈依桎梏2、下列成语中的汉字有正确的有错误的,把错误的改为正确(6分)负隅顽抗陈词烂调班门弄斧既往不究刚愎自用不孝子孙病入膏肓风声鹤唳一愁莫展各行其事悬梁刺骨趋之若鹜3、解释下列成语中划线的语素的意义(4分)汗流浃背开门揖盗如火如荼高屋建瓴4、分析下列合成词的结构(6分)容貌弃儿宪法梦想灰心霜降融化船只铅印瀑布响应权衡5、改正下列句中的错误(2分)江西名城南昌,毗邻巍峨的江西省人民政府办公大厦,有一座很不显眼的三层小楼,这就是江西省高级人民法院。

6、用直接成分分析法(框式图解)分析下列复杂词组(每小组3分,共六分)(1)这后一句话给祥林嫂很大的鼓励(2)屋里有人轻轻地哼着小调7、用六大成分分析法(加线法)分析下列单句(每小题3分,共6分)(1)我们往往容易把赢得荣誉的人的衣服的每一个皱折,都描绘得光彩夺目。

(2)把博物馆比作智慧的女神、博学的君子,我看很恰当。

8、用符号法分析下列复句(4分)如果你是一个真正的艺术家,那么无论是站在演出的舞台上,还是站在生活的大舞台上,你都会真正赢得人民的掌声。

9、指出下列句中用得好的词语并分析其修辞效果(每小题4分,共八分)(1)七斤嫂眼睛好,早望见今天的赵七爷已经不是道士,却变成光滑头皮,乌黑发顶;伊便知道这一定是皇帝坐了龙庭,而且一定需有辫子,而且七斤一定是非常危险。

语言学考研真题及答案

语言学考研真题及答案

语言学考研真题及答案一、语音学部分以下是2019年语言学考研真题及答案的整理:题目一:下列哪个选项中的音素是塞音?A. [h]B. [p]C. [r]D. [m]答案:B. [p]题目二:下列哪个选项中的音素是元音?A. [s]B. [l]C. [i]D. [t]答案:C. [i]题目三:下列哪个选项中的音素是鼻音?A. [k]B. [n]C. [g]D. [w]答案:B. [n]二、语法学部分以下是2020年语言学考研真题及答案的整理:题目一:下列短语中,哪个可以作为主语?A. "在公园里跑步"B. "喜欢读书的人"C. "听音乐"D. "为他做饭"答案:B. "喜欢读书的人"题目二:下列短语中,哪个可以作为宾语?A. "开心地唱歌"B. "漂亮的花园"C. "给他礼物"D. "在海边散步"答案:C. "给他礼物"题目三:下列短语中,哪个可以作为定语?A. "跳舞的小孩"B. "在教室里学习"C. "大声地喊"D. "看电影"答案:A. "跳舞的小孩"三、语义学部分以下是2018年语言学考研真题及答案的整理:题目一:下列哪个词汇与“快乐”具有相似的意义?A. "悲伤"B. "生气"C. "开心"D. "愤怒"答案:C. "开心"题目二:下列哪个词汇与“大”具有相反的意义?A. "小"B. "长"C. "高"D. "短"答案:A. "小"题目三:下列哪个词汇与“美丽”具有近义词的关系?A. "丑陋"B. "普通"C. "漂亮"D. "丰富"答案:C. "漂亮"综上所述,以上是语言学考研真题及答案的简要整理。

语言学专八考研真题及答案

语言学专八考研真题及答案

专八语言集锦(05年——14年专八真题及解析归纳)目录1、2005年 (1)2、2006年 (2)3、2007年 (4)4、2008年 (6)5、2009年 (8)6、2010年 (10)7、2011年 (11)8、2012年 (12)9、2013年 (13)10、2014年 (14)11、附加语言学考研题 (15)2005年38.(考查点:main branches of linguistics) Syntax is the study ofA. language functionsB. sentence structuresC. textual organizationD.word formation答案:B。

解析:Syntax is about principles of forming and understanding correct English sentences,是关于形成和理解正确英语句子的原则。

也就是句子结构。

故选择B。

39.(考察点:design features of language) Which of ale following is NOTa distinctive feature of human language?A. ArbitrarinessB. ProductivityC. Cultural transmissionD. Finiteness答案:D。

解析:题问下面四个选项中,哪一个不是人类语言的主要特征?除Finiteness(有限性)外,选项中的其它的三项Arbitrariness(任意性),Productivity(能产性)和Cultural transmission(文化传递性)在语言学概述部分都提到了。

故选择D。

40. (考察点:人物)The speech act theory was first put forward byA. John SearleB. John AustinC. Noam ChomskyD. M.A,K. Halliday答案:B。

语言学基础考研试题真题

语言学基础考研试题真题

语言学基础考研试题真题语言学基础考研试题真题语言学是研究语言的科学,它涉及到语言的结构、语音、语义、语用等方面。

对于语言学专业的考研学生来说,掌握语言学基础知识是非常重要的。

下面,我们来看一些语言学基础考研试题的真题,帮助大家更好地理解和应用语言学的知识。

第一题:下列哪个是语言学的基本研究对象?A. 语言的语音、语义、语用等方面B. 语言的历史演变和发展C. 语言的地理分布和语系关系D. 语言的社会和文化背景这道题考察的是语言学的基本研究对象。

语言学主要研究语言的结构、语音、语义、语用等方面,因此选项A是正确答案。

第二题:下列哪个学派主张语言是人类思维的产物?A. 结构主义B. 生成语法学C. 语用学D. 社会语言学这道题考察的是不同语言学学派的观点。

生成语法学主张语言是人类思维的产物,因此选项B是正确答案。

第三题:下列哪个属于语言的语音层面?A. 词汇B. 语法C. 语音D. 语义这道题考察的是语言的不同层面。

语音层面主要研究语言的音素、音节等方面,因此选项C是正确答案。

第四题:下列哪个是语言的基本单位?A. 词B. 句子C. 短语D. 字母这道题考察的是语言的基本单位。

句子是语言的基本单位,因此选项B是正确答案。

第五题:下列哪个学派主张语言是社会文化的产物?A. 结构主义B. 生成语法学C. 语用学D. 社会语言学这道题考察的是不同语言学学派的观点。

社会语言学主张语言是社会文化的产物,因此选项D是正确答案。

通过以上几道试题的解答,我们可以看出语言学的基础知识包括语言的结构、语音、语义、语用等方面的研究,同时还涉及到语言的历史演变和发展、地理分布和语系关系、社会和文化背景等方面的内容。

掌握这些基础知识对于语言学专业的考研学生来说是非常重要的。

除了掌握基础知识,考生还需要了解不同语言学学派的观点和理论。

不同的学派对于语言的起源、发展和使用等方面有不同的解释和研究方法。

对于考生来说,了解这些不同的观点和理论,可以帮助他们更好地理解和应用语言学的知识。

语言学基础考研试题真题

语言学基础考研试题真题

语言学基础考研试题真题一、选择题1. 中国古代语言学代表人物是:A. 晏殊B. 邵雍C. 王士禛D. 王先生2. 下列哪个不属于语音学的范畴:A. 语音结构B. 语音形态C. 语音运动学D. 语音声学3. 现代汉语的音韵学体系是由谁主持制定的?A. 邵雍B. 王士禛C. 范仲淹D. 周敦颐4. “研究语言的本质和规律,以及语言与人类思维、文化之间的关系”是属于哪个语言学分支的定义?A. 句法学B. 语音学C. 语义学D. 语用学5. 语音学中,将语言单位按照元音和辅音的基本区别分为两类,这种分类叫做:A. 音位学B. 语音学C. 认知语言学D. 语音形态学二、判断题1. 语言学的研究对象是语言的音、形、意、用四个方面。

()2. 语音学是研究语言的目的、功能、性质以及语音在人类思维中的地位和作用。

()3. 汉字是音旁与形旁的结合。

()4. 双音节词是汉语中较少见的词语类型。

()5. 语言学研究范畴之一的句法学主要研究句子的结构、分类和变化规律。

()三、简答题1. 什么是语音学?2. 解释一下音素和音位。

3. 解释一下语言的形态学和句法学。

4. 用语音学术语解释音调和音高的关系。

5. 语义学的研究对象是什么?四、论述题请根据你所学的语言学基础知识,简要论述语音学、形态学、句法学、语义学以及音韵学的研究对象和方法,并论述它们对语言学研究的意义。

以上为语言学基础考研试题真题,希望能对语言学的学习和学术研究有所帮助。

英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编8

英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编8

英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编8(总分:50.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、填空题(总题数:25,分数:50.00)1.In phonological analysis the words fail-veil are distinguishable simply because of the two phonemes/f/-/v/. This is an example for illustrating 1.(分数:2.00)填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:Minimal pairs)解析:解析:(如果有两个词,它们除了出现在同一位置上的一个音外,其余的音都一样,那么这两个词就构成了一个最小的对立体,所以fail一veil是最小对立体。

)2.In English there are a number of 1, which are produced by moving from one vowel position to another through intervening positions.(分数:2.00)填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:Diphthongs)解析:解析:(如果在发音时通过舌头的一次运动,由第一个单元音滑向第二个单元音,这样产生的音的组合就叫做双元音。

)3.The different members of a phoneme, sounds which are phonetically different but do not make one word different from another in meaning, are 1.(分数:2.00)填空项1:__________________ (正确答案:正确答案:Allophones)解析:解析:(同一个音位在不同语音环境中的实现方式被称为该音位的音位变体。

[考研类试卷]英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编10.doc

[考研类试卷]英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编10.doc

[考研类试卷]英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编10一、简答题1 In what way do we say English is an inflectional language?(厦门大学2006研)2 Illustrate lexical change proper with the latest examples in English, covering at least four aspects.(大连外国语学院2008研)3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Immediate Constituent Analysis(IC Analysis)(北京交通大学2006研)4 Illustrate "Immediate Constituent Analysis".(大连外国语学院2008研)4 For each of the following pairs of sentences, discuss how the two sentences are different from each other.(南京大学2006研)5 A.His carelessness I can't bear.B. I can't bear his carelessness.6 A.A dagger killed the tourist.B. The tourist was killed with a dagger.7 A.A hurricane killed eight people.B. Eight people died in a hurricane.8 Describe with tree diagrams the transformations involved in forming the question "Does John like the book?"(南开大学2007研)9 What, in your view, makes a text a text, rather than a series of unconnected utterances? What are the implications of your answer for second language teaching?(北外2006研)9 The English sentences given below are ungrammatical. You are required to give the syntactic explanation to the ungrammaticality in each of the sentences.(南开大学2011研)10 * Jack put his ball.11 * I wonder Michael walked the dog.12 * Frank thinks himself is a superstar.13 What are the similarities and differences between a phrase and a clause?(中山大学2011研)14 Explain the seven types of meaning and use examples to illustrate your ideas.(人大2007研;南开大学2004研)15 Discuss sense, denotation and reference, using Chinese examples to illustrate your points.(北外2008研)16 Words are in different sense relations with each other. What sense relation is illustrated in each of the pairs of words below? Add one more example to each pair.(北航2008研)(a)casual - informal(b)intelligent - stupid(c)steal - steel(d)animal - dog17 For each of the following pairs of words, state the principal reason why they may not be considered to be synonyms:(浙江大学2005研)a. man boyb. toilet looc. determined stubbornd. pavement sidewalke. slim skinnyf. move run18 Put the following words in a hierarchical order(you can use a tree diagram if need be)and try to define at least two of them:(北师大2003研)crocodile, mammal, reptile, rabbit, primate, animal18 Study the following exchange and then answer the questions that follow.(南京大学2006研)"Take some more tea. " the March Hare said to Alice, very earnestly.I've had nothing yet, Alice replied in an offended tone, "so I can't take more. "19 Why was Alice offended?20 What is the problem with the March Hare's remark? What is the linguistic issue involved here?21 Consider the following statements. When do we say Statement A entails Statement B? When do we say Statement A presupposes Statement B? Does Statement A necessarily entail Statement C? Why? Do Statements A and D both presuppose Statement B?Why?(南京大学2008研)A. Jack's brother has gone bankrupt.B. Jack has a brother.C. Jack's sibling has gone bankrupt.D. Jack's brother has not gone bankrupt.22 In each of the following sentences, the second part cancels some information given by the first part. However, this seems to result in quite acceptable utterances in group(l)andin very awkward utterances in group(2). Explain why.(北外2002研)Group(1)a.老张有三个小孩子,其实还不止三个。

[考研类试卷]语言学历年真题试卷汇编10.doc

[考研类试卷]语言学历年真题试卷汇编10.doc
27能不能用你的话概括“母亲”在本段中所起的语言学方面的意义(能起一个术语来概括更好)?
28请指出下面例子中哪些是词,哪些是词组,哪些是语素,并指出三者的区别。(2005年华中科技大学考题)
写字编辑小碗骑马红花(一种药材)
膨高扑克啕红花(红色的花)
29请结合句子“这次考试他考得好”说明句式变换在句法研究中的作用。(2005年华中科技大学考题)
30分析下列例句,简要回答问题:下面的三个“失足”是否具有一致性,为什么?(2004年武汉大学考题)
(1)一个行人失足落入了水中。
(2)他偶然失足犯了这样的错误。
(3)他一失足从楼上跌了下来。
31金利来国际有限公司原来叫“金狮”(英语GOLDLION),但“金狮”在粤语中与“金输”谐音,很不吉利。老板曾宪梓经过一番苦思冥想,将其名定为“金利来”。(2008年曲阜师范大学考题)
(A)在比赛中,中国队自始至终沉着冷静
(B)这次考试我一点把握都没有
(C)小丽英语说得很流利
(D)我奶奶现在眼睛还好着呢
3在言语交际中,没有人会故意违反合作原则。(2004年南开大学考题)
(A)正确
(B)错误
4层次性是任何语言系统都存在的突出特征。(2011年北京语言大学考题)
(A)正确
(B)错误
5 [ ][A][ ]是汉语普通话中同一音位的三个自由变体。(2005年华中科技大学考题)
(A)正确
(B)错误
6一般而言,“人称”是名词所具有的一种语法范畴。(2004年山东师范大学考题)
(A)正确
(B)错误
三、单项选择题
下列各题的备选答案中,只有一个是符合题意的。
7 “老人”的“老”和“老师”的“老”都属于语法单位中的( )。(2005年中山大学考题)

语言学考研真题

语言学考研真题

北京师范大学一九九年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题·语概·现汉专业:汉语言文字学研究方向:训诂学与汉语词汇学、汉字学、汉语语法学、修辞学考试科目:语言学概论及现代汉语语言理论部分(共50分)一、解释下列名词或术语(20分)语法范畴历史语言学结构语言学语义场音位二、回答下列问题(30分)1、“汉藏语系”与“印欧语系”是根据什么标准划分的?这两种语系的主要区别表现在哪些方面?2、怎样认识语言符号的“任意性”与“强制性”?3、按照功能分类法,世界文字大致可经划分为几种类型?现代汉字属于哪种类型?现代汉语部分(共50分)一。

、回答下列问题(20分)1、什么是“异读词”?它与多音多义字有何区别?2、现代汉字的标准化包括哪些内容?怎样进行现代汉字的整理和规范?3、什么是基本词汇?其主要特征有哪些?4、什么叫歧义句式?什么叫同义句式?安徽师范大学1996年招收研究生考题·语言学招生专业、研究方向:现代汉语考试科目:语言学基础一、解释下列术语:(17分)音位(3分)变词语素(3分)态(一种语法范畴)(3分)语言融合(4分)言内意外(4分)二、结合汉语词类的划分谈谈组合关系和聚合关系之间的联系。

(10分)三、元音和辅音有哪些区别?(6分)四、怎样确定音位的区别特征?请举例加以说明。

(12分)五、汉语中的助词“们”与英语里表示名词复数的“-6”相比有哪些不同?请举例说明。

(13分)六、语言的结构类型有哪四种?它们主要有哪些特点?(10分)七、结合同义词、反义词现象谈谈词的理性意义和附加意义(附加色彩)之间的关系。

(12分)八、外业词进入汉语以后会发生哪些变化?试举例说明。

(10分)安徽师范大学1994年招收研究生考题招生专业、研究方向:现代汉语考试科目:语言学基础一、简述语言系统中的组合关系和聚合关系。

(10分)二、人类语言和动物的交际方式的本质区别表现在哪几个方面?试简述之。

(12分)三、普通话音位系统的区别特征有哪几对?试举例说明。

[考研类试卷]英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编28.doc

[考研类试卷]英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编28.doc

[考研类试卷]英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编28一、填空题1 The type of language constructed by second or foreign language learners who are still in the process of learning a language is often referred to as______. (中山大学2008研)2 ______is formed when the leaner attempts to learn a new language, and it has features of both the first language and the second language but is neither. (中山大学2006研)3 Hymes' theory leads to notion/function-based syllables, and a step further,______syllabuses. (中山大学2005研)4 Error is the grammatically incorrect form; ______ appears when the language is correct grammatically but improper in a communicational context. (中山大学2008研)5 As a compromise between the "purely form-focused approaches" and the "purely meaning-focused" approaches, a recent movement called______seems to take a more balanced view on the role of grammar in language learning. (中山大学2011年研)二、单项选择题6 In Krashen's monitor theory, "i" in "i + 1" hypothesis of second language acquisition refers to ______. (对外经贸2006研)(A)interaction(B)interference(C)input(D)intake7 The______is a syllabus in which the language content is arranged in terms of speech acts together with the language items needed for them. (西安外国语学院2006研)(A)structural syllabus(B)situational syllabus(C)notional syllabus(D)functional syllabus8 Negative transfer in learning a second language is known as______.(A)interference(B)interlanguage(C)fossilization(D)acculturation9 ______sees errors as the result of the intrusion of L1 habits over which the learner had no control.(A)error analysis(B)performance analysis(C)contrastive analysis(D)discourse analysis三、简答题10 How do you understand interlanguage? (西安交通大学2008研)11 What are the four obvious barriers to adult 12 acquisition? (浙江大学2003研)12 Linguists have taken an internal and/or external focus to the study of language acquisition. What is the difference between the two?(北外201 1研)13 What is the difference between mistakes and errors?14 What are the distinctions between interlingual and intralingual errors?15 What are the different views of input hypothesis and interaction hypothesis on discourse's contribution to language acquisition?四、名词解释16 Applied linguistics (武汉大学2006研)17 Interlanguage (北外2010研;北航2010研;上海交大2005研)18 Contrastive analysis (北航2010研;浙江大学2004研)19 face validity (南开大学2011年研)20 Error Analysis (中山大学2011年研)五、举例说明题21 Krashen's Input Hypothesis and Language Learning.(北交大2006研)22 Explain one of the teaching approaches that you're familiar with and discuss its advantages and disadvantages. (浙江大学2004研)23 What do you think are the similarities and dissimilarities between learning a first anda second language? (北外2003研)24 What is communicative competence? How should we develop it in our foreign lauguage learning? (四川大学2009研)25 Read the following paragraphs and then answer four questions. (北外201 1年研) The idea behind the experiential vision of learning is that the use of the target language for communicative purposes is not only the goal of learning, but also a means of learning in its own right. This may clearly involve students using language which they may not have fully mastered, and contrasts with other more ' traditional' approaches which emphasize part practice (i. e., isolating parts of the whole for explicit study and learning)leading up in a more or less controlled manner to integrated language use for communicative purposes. An experiential approach to learning may therefore involve a degree of what Johnson (1982) refers to as an ' in at the deep end strategy'. Simply throwing learners into wholly uncontrolled and undirected language use is, of course, as dubious a strategy with respect to language learning as doing the same with someone who is learning to swim. For this reason, considerable effort has been devoted by methodologists, material writers, and teachers in recent decades to the way in which two sets of factors can be combined. One is the basic insight that language use can serve a significant role in promoting learning, and the other is the acknowledgement that use of the language needs to be structured in a coherent and pedagogically manageable way. The experiential vision of learning has evolved in a variety of ways since the 1960s and is now encountered in a number of differing forms. Nevertheless, most experiential approaches to learning rest on five main principles which were developed in the earlier days of the communicative movement, even if certain receive more attention in one variant than in another. These principles are the following: message focus, holistic practice, the use of authentic materials, the use of communication strategies, and the use of collaborative modes of learning. (Tudor 2001: 79)An analytical view of learning posits that according explicit attention to the regularitiesof language and language use can play a positive role in learning. Each language manifests a number of structural regularities in areas such as grammar, lexis and phonology, and also with respect to the ways in which these elements are combined to communicate messages. The question, therefore, is not whether languages have structural regularities or not, but whether and in which way explicit attention to such regularities can facilitate the learning of the language. An analytical approach to learning rests on a more or less marked degree of part practice, i. e. , isolating parts of the whole for explicit study and learning, even if its ultimate goal remains the development of learners' abilityto put these parts together for integrated, holistic use. At least, two main considerations lend support to an analytical approach to learning. First, in terms of learning in general , the isolation and practice of sub-parts of a target skill is a fairly common phenomenon. ... Second, explicit identification of regularities in a language has advantages which Johnson (1996: 83) refers to as 'generativity' and ' economy'. Mastering a regularity in a language gives learners access to the generative potential of this regularity in new circumstances. ... Explicit presentation or discovery of the structural regularities of a language can therefore represent a short-cut to mastery of this language and support learners' ability to manipulate these regularities for communicative purposes. (Tudor 2001: 86-7)1. What are the differences between experiential and analytical modes of language learning?2. What serves as the theoretical foundation for the experiential mode of language learning and what are its advantages and disadvantages?3. What serves as the theoretical foundation for the analytical mode of language learning and what are its advantages and disadvantages?4. How would you balance the two modes of learning in your teaching or learning of a foreign language?26 How many types of data analysis have been employed in language acquisition research? How are these types of data analysis significant in SLA research?。

[考研类试卷]英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编20.doc

[考研类试卷]英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编20.doc

[考研类试卷]英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编20.doc[考研类试卷]英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编20一、填空题1 As the lexical words carry the main content of a language while the grammatical ones serve to link its different parts together, the lexical words are also known as content words and grammatical ones______. (中山大学2008研)2 In traditional grammar, ______is the only word class which can function as a substitute for another item. (中山大学2006研)3 In terms of the meaning expressed by words, they can be classified into______words and ______words. (南开大学2007研)4 The______is the minimal distinctive unit in grammar, a unit which cannot be divided without destroying or drastically altering the meaning, whether lexical or grammatical. (北二外2008研)5 There are two fields of morphology: the study of______and the study of______. (人大2006研)6 A______morpheme is one that cannot constitute a word by itself. (北二外2003研)7 ______ is a branch of linguistics that studies the interrelationship between phonology and morphology. (南开大学2007研)8 ______is a relatively complex form of compounding in whicha new word is formed by joining the initial part of one word and the final part of another word. For example, the English word smog is made from______and______. (人大2006研)9 Back-formation refers to an abnormal type of word-formation where a shorter word is derived by deleting an______affix from a longer form already in the language. (中山大学2006研)10 ______is a unit of expression that has universal intuitive recognition by native speakers, whether it is expressed in spoken or written form. It is the minimum free form. (中山大学2005研)11 Affix is the collective term for the type of formative that call be used only when added to another morpheme. Affixes are limited in number in a language, and are generally classified into three subtypes, namely, prefix, suffix, and______. (北京邮电大学2010研)12 Words can be classified into variable words and invariable words. As for variable words, they may have______changes. That is, the same word my have different grammatical forms but part of the word remains relatively constant (中山大学2011年研)13 Bound morphemes are classified into two types; ______and______root.14 A word formed by derivation is called a______, and a word formed by compounding is called a______.二、判断题15 Some linguists maintain that a word group is an extension of word of a particular class. (清华2001研)(A)真(B)假16 Words are the most stable of all linguistic units in respect of their internal structure. (大连外国语学院2008研)(A)真(B)假17 Nouns, verbs, adjectives and many adverbs are content words. (北二外2008研)(A)真(B)假18 Pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions and articles are all open class items. (清华2001研)(A)真(B)假19 The words "loose" and "books" have a common phoneme and a common morpheme as well. (北二外2007研)(A)真(B)假20 Free morpheme may constitute words by themselves. (大连外国语学院2008研)(A)真(B)假21 Root also falls into two categories: free and bound. (北二外2006研)(A)真(B)假22 A stem is the base form of a word which cannot be further analyzed without total loss of identity. (对外经贸2006研) (A)真(B)假23 The words "water" and "teacher" have a common phoneme and a common morpheme as well. (北二外2006研) (A)真(B)假24 The words "boys" and "raise" have a common phoneme and a common morpheme as well. (北二外2008研)(A)真(B)假25 Analogic change refers to the reduction of the number of exceptional or irregular morphemes. (对外经贸2005研)(A)真(B)假26 The smallest meaningful unit of language is allomorph.(A)真(B)假三、单项选择题27 Words like pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, articles are______items. (北二外2003研)(A)open-class(B)closed-class(C)neither open-class nor closed-class28 Nouns, verbs and adjectives can be classified as______. (西安交大2008研)(A)lexical words(B)grammatical words(C)function words(D)form words29 Bound morphemes do not include______. (西安交大2008研)(A)roots(B)prefixes(C)suffixes(D)words30 ______other than compounds may be divided into roots and affixes. (大连外国语学院2008研)(A)Polymorphemic words(B)Bound morphemes(C)Free morphemes31 ______refers to the way in which a particular verb changes for tense, person, or number.(西安外国语学院2006研)(B)Inflection(C)Derivation(D)Conjugation32 Which two terms can best describe the following pairs of words: table—tables, day + break—daybreak. (大连外国语学院2008研)(A)inflection and compound(B)compound and derivation(C)inflection and derivation33 Compound words consist of______ morphemes. (北二外2003研)(A)bound(B)free(C)both bound and free34 Which of the following words is formed by the process of blending? (对外经贸2006研)(A)WTO(B)Motel(C)Bookshelf(D)red-faced35 Which of the following words are formed by blending? (对外经贸2005研)(A)girlfriend(B)television(C)smog(D)bunch36 The word UN is formed in the way of______. (西安交大2008研)(A)acronymy(C)initialism(D)blending37 Which of the following is NOT a process of the lexical change? (大连外国语学院2008研)(A)INVENTION.(B)ACRONYM.(C)LEXICON.38 Language has been changing, but such changes are not so obvious at all linguistic aspects except that of______. (西安外国语学院2006研)(A)phonology(B)lexicon(C)syntax(D)semantics39 "Wife", which used to refer to any woman, stands for "a married woman" in modern English. This phenomenon is known as______. (西安交大2008研)(A)semantic shift(B)semantic broadening(C)semantic elevation(D)semantic narrowing40 It is true that words may shift in meaning, i. e. semantic change. The semantic change of the word tail belongs to______.(A)narrowing of meaning(B)meaning shift(C)loss of meaning(D)widening of meaning41 A suffix is an affix which appears______.(A)after the stem(B)before the stem(C)in the middle of the stem(D)below the stem四、简答题42 What is the distinction between inflectional affixes and derivational affixes? (四川大学2007研)43 What does the concept morphophoneme mean? What is the relationship between phoneme and morphophoneme?(南开大学2004研)44 What are phonologically conditioned and morphologically conditioned form of morphemes? (武汉大学2005研)45 How are affixes classified? (四川大学2008研)46 A number interesting word-formation processes can be discerned in the following examples. Can you identify what is going on in these?(a) The deceased's cremains were scattered over the hill.(b) He's always taking pills, either uppers or downers. (上海交通大学2007研)47 How to distinguish root and stem?48 Illustrate the relationship between morpheme and allomorph by examples.49 What are closed-class words and open-class words?五、名词解释50 Open-class words (浙江大学2007研)51 Lexical word (武汉大学2005研)52 Morpheme (武汉大学2008研)53 Stem (四川大学2007研)54 inflectional morpheme (南开大学2004研)55 Free morphemes (西安交大2008研)56 Bound morpheme (上海交大2007研)57 Inflection (四川大学2007研)58 Compound (四川大学2007研)59 Allomorph (四川大学2006研)60 Back-formation(四川大学2008研;北外2010研)61 Prefix (北外2010研)62 cognate(南开大学2011年研)六、举例说明题63 Illustrate lexical change proper with the latest examples in English, covering at least four aspects. (大连外国语学院2008研)64 Semantic change plays a very important role in widening the vocabulary of a language. (中山大学2008研)65 Illustrate the ways of lexical change. (武汉大学2005研)66 What are the major types of semantic Changes? (人大2006研)。

北师语言学考研真题及答案

北师语言学考研真题及答案

北师语言学考研真题及答案一、选择题1. 下列哪项不是语言学研究的范畴?A. 语音学B. 语法学C. 词汇学D. 心理学答案:D2. 语言学中的“音素”是指:A. 语音的最小单位B. 语言中最小的意义单位C. 语言中最小的语法单位D. 语言中最小的书写单位答案:A3. 以下哪个选项是“同音异义词”的例子?A. 书(书籍)和书(书写)B. 书(书籍)和树(植物)C. 书(书籍)和输(输掉)D. 书(书籍)和梳(梳子)答案:C二、填空题4. 语言学的四大分支包括语音学、语法学、______和______。

答案:词汇学;语用学5. 语义学研究的是语言的______,而语用学研究的是语言的______。

答案:意义;使用三、简答题6. 简述语言的任意性原则。

答案:语言的任意性原则是指语言符号和它所代表的意义之间没有必然的、自然的联系,而是一种社会约定俗成的关系。

这一原则由索绪尔提出,强调了语言符号的任意性,即同一概念在不同语言中可能用完全不同的符号来表达。

7. 解释什么是“双重否定”以及它在不同语言中的表现。

答案:双重否定是指在句子中使用两个否定词来表达肯定意义的现象。

在某些语言中,如英语,双重否定会导致意义上的混淆,而在其他语言,如西班牙语或俄语中,双重否定则被接受并用来加强否定的语气。

四、论述题8. 论述现代语言学与传统语言学的主要区别。

答案:现代语言学与传统语言学的主要区别在于研究方法和理论框架。

传统语言学更侧重于语言的规范性和历史性,而现代语言学则采用更为科学的方法,关注语言的多样性、变化和发展。

现代语言学强调语言的功能性和使用性,使用结构主义、生成语法、认知语言学等多种理论来分析语言现象。

以上内容为模拟的北师语言学考研真题及答案,实际考试题目和答案可能会有所不同。

考生在准备考研时应以官方发布的考试大纲和真题为准,进行系统的复习和准备。

[考研类试卷]英语专业语言学(综合)模拟试卷8.doc

[考研类试卷]英语专业语言学(综合)模拟试卷8.doc

[考研类试卷]英语专业语言学(综合)模拟试卷8一、简答题1 Each of the following columns illustrates a different morphological process. Column I Column II Column IIImouse/mice go/went 'record/re'cordride/rode is/was 'import/im'porttake/ took good/better 'convict/con'victman/men she/her 'imprint/im 'printeat/ate am/are 'dispute/dis'puteWhat morphological process is at work in each column?Describe in your own words the difference between the process exemplified in Column I and that in Column II.(3)Think of at least one more English example to add to each column.2 Each of the following words can be either a noun or a verb. record outline report journey convict outrage exchange imprint answer remark contest import surprise retreat crippleFor each word, determine whether stress placement can be used to make the distinction between the noun and the verb.Think of two more English examples illustrating the process of stress shift to mark a category distinction.3 In English, the suffix -er can be added to a place name. Examine the words in the two columns below.Column A Column BLondoner GlasgowerNew Yorker DenvererBerliner SydneyerDubkiner AustraliaerNewfoundlander VictoriaerWinnipeger CalcuttaerNew Zealander BristolerIn general terms, what does the suffix -er mean in these words?How is this -er different in meaning from the -er found in the words skater and walker?(3)State the constraint on the distribution of -er illustrated above in your own words. Does this constraint also apply to the type of -er used in the word skater?(Hint: What would you call "one who discovers" or "one who ploughs"?)4 Determine whether the words in each of the following groups are related to one another by processes of inflection or derivation.go, goes, going, gonediscover, discovery, discoverer, discoverable, discoverability(3)lovely, lovelier, loveliestinventor, inventor's, inventors, inventors'democracy, democrat, democratic, democratize5 Do you think that morphology and syntax should be treated as separate are as of study? Give reasons to support your views.5 Place an asterisk next to any of the sentences that sound ungrammatical to you. Explain what makes these sentences ungrammatical.6 The tutor told the students to study.7 The tutor suggested the students to study.8 The customer asked for a cold beer.9 The customer requested for a cold beer.10 He gave the Red Cross some money.11 He donated the Red Cross some money.12 The pilot landed the jet.13 The jet landed.14 A journalist wrote the article.15 The article wrote very well.16 Julie is bored of her job.17 Julie is tired of her job.18 Myself bit John.19 I was surprised for you to get married.20 Has the nurse slept the baby yet?21 Explain why the following sentence is ungrammatical. Which personal pronoun in English would have the same form whether it occupied the position of "us" or "she" below?* Us visit she on Sundays.22 5.List as many examples of these constituents as you can identify insentences(a)and(b)below: NP, PP, VP.List as many examples of these lexical categories as you can identify insentences(a)and(b): N, prep, V.a. A Guns "N" Roses concert at an arena near ST. Louis ended in disaster after some 2500 fans staged a full-fledged riot.b. The trouble started when Axl Rose asked venue security to confiscate a camera he saw near the front of the stage.23 What prescriptive rules for the "proper" use of English are not obeyed in the following sentences?That's the girl I gave my roller skates to.He wanted to simply borrow your car for an hour.24 In the following sentence, the phrase "in the car" could be used(i)to show where the biting took place or(ii)to specify that it was the man in the car that was bitten. How would the tree diagrams for(i)and(ii)differ?The dog bit the man in the car.。

语言学考研试题及答案

语言学考研试题及答案

语言学考研试题及答案一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 语言学的主要研究对象是什么?A. 语言的起源B. 语言的语音、语法、词汇、语义C. 语言的演变D. 语言的交际功能答案:B2. 下列哪一项不是语言的属性?A. 创造性B. 任意性C. 规律性D. 稳定性答案:D3. 语音学研究的内容不包括以下哪一项?A. 发音器官B. 音位C. 语调D. 词汇答案:D4. 以下哪个概念不属于句法学?A. 短语结构B. 转换生成C. 语义角色D. 词汇语义答案:D5. 语义学研究的核心问题是什么?A. 语言的起源B. 语言的演变C. 语言的意义D. 语言的交际功能答案:C6. 社会语言学主要研究的是以下哪方面的内容?A. 语言的语音、语法、词汇、语义B. 语言与社会的关系C. 语言的演变D. 语言的交际功能答案:B7. 心理语言学研究的是以下哪方面的内容?A. 语言的起源B. 语言与心理的关系C. 语言的演变D. 语言的交际功能答案:B8. 计算语言学主要应用在哪个领域?A. 语言的起源B. 语言的演变C. 语言的交际功能D. 语言信息处理答案:D9. 语言接触导致的最常见现象是什么?A. 语言混合B. 语言分化C. 语言融合D. 语言消亡答案:C10. 以下哪项是方言学研究的内容?A. 语言的起源B. 语言的语音、语法、词汇、语义C. 语言的演变D. 语言的地域差异答案:D二、填空题(每题2分,共20分)1. 语言学的分支学科包括语音学、______学、句法学、语义学等。

答案:语法2. 语言的最小意义单位是______。

答案:语素3. 语言的音位和音素之间的区别在于______。

答案:音位是社会约定的,音素是物理的4. 语言的任意性原则是由______提出的。

答案:索绪尔5. 语言的转换生成理论是由______提出的。

答案:乔姆斯基6. 语言的交际功能包括______、表达和理解。

答案:编码7. 社会语言学研究语言与______的关系。

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[考研类试卷]语言学历年真题试卷汇编8
1 谈谈你对音位理论中对立和互补的理解。

(2007年武汉大学考题)
2 汉语普通话与英语(或者你熟悉的其他外国语)在语法手段和语法范畴上有什么差异?(2011年中山大学考题)
3 分析汉语和英语中[p][p’]是否都能归为同—个音位。

(2011年北京语言大学考题)
4 分析下面句子的述谓结构。

(2007年华中师范大学考题)
今年小郑替小李用这种毛线织了一件毛衣。

5 “我喜欢煎鸡蛋”、“非洲语言研究成果颇丰”有没有歧义?请设计语境加以分析。

(2005年曲阜师范大学考题)
5 下面句子的划线部分在结构上充当什么成分?在语义上和哪一部分相关?(2006年曲阜师范大学考题)
6 他<u>浓浓</u>地泡了一杯热茶。

7 一个人喝<u>闷</u>酒。

8 用层次分析法分析下面的句子。

(2001年山东师范大学考题)
我李向明什么时候见过这么多的书哇!
9 下列句子里都含有名词“人”,请指出它们各自的意思并说明词义的特性以及词语使用中语境对词义的制约作用。

(2003年北京师范大学考题)
(1)这本书人手一册。

(2)小明已长大成人。

(3)人是高等动物。

(4)这是给人捎的东西,别乱动。

(5)他人很好。

三、单项选择题
下列各题的备选答案中,只有一个是符合题意的。

10 ( )被认为是普通语言学的奠基人。

(2006年中国传媒大学考题)
(A)乔姆斯基和索绪尔
(B)洪堡特和索绪尔
(C)布隆菲尔德和洪堡特
(D)布隆菲尔德和乔姆斯基
11 英语的“sheep”和“ship”两个音节之问起区别作用的是( )。

(2005年中山大学考题)
(A)调位
(B)时位
(C)重位
(D)音质音位
12 下列句中补语的语义指向主语的是( )(2011年中山大学考题)
(A)我写好了两篇文章
(B)天热得令人难受
(C)你要弄清楚他的意图
(D)猫把鸟儿吓跑了
13 在形成共同语的过程中,选择基础方言的主要根据是( )。

(2005年中山大学考题)
(A)社会的政治、经济、文化等客观条件
(B)统治阶级的意向
(C)语言学家的意见
(D)方言的人口比例
14 结构主义语言学(2011年吉林大学考题、2013年北京语言大学考题)
15 语言能力(2011年北京语言大学考题)
16 基音和陪音(2003年北京师范大学考题)
17 体(2006年南京大学考题)
18 语法单位(2007年曲阜师范大学考题)
19 义项(2005年暨南大学考题)
20 音节文字(2006年北京语言大学考题)
21 共同语(2011年北京语言大学考题)
22 现代汉语合成词主要有哪几种构词类型?请举例说明。

(2008年曲阜师范大学考题)
23 举例说明词的派生意义产生的途径。

(2005年西南师范大学考题)
24 结合实例分析语言的分化和统一带来的结果。

(2006年北京语言大学考题)
六、填空题
请完成下列各题,在各题的空处填入恰当的答案。

25 语言系统中符号与符号之间的各种复杂的联系可以概括为两种基本关系:
_______和_______。

(2004年南开大学考题)
26 普通话的“南部”[nan35pu51]中韵尾n实际发音是[_______],这种现象叫做
_______。

(2007年北京师范大学考题)
27 英语最近出现了一个新词Chindia。

意思是“中国和印度”,这个词显然是由China“中国”和India“印度”组合而成的,这种构词方式叫_______。

(2007年北京师范大学考题)
28 从语言的任意性特点出发,可以解释人类语言的多样性。

(2005年华中科技大学考题)
(A)正确
(B)错误
29 汉语普通话“海”的声母的国际音标写法是[χ]。

(2005年山东师范大学考题)
(A)正确
(B)错误
30 —r和—s在英语中既可充当词缀,也可充当词尾。

(2000年山东师范大学考题)
(A)正确
(B)错误
31 自愿融合和被迫融合是两种语言接触不可回避的必经之路。

(2011年北京语言大学考题)
(A)正确
(B)错误。

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