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初中音乐八年级《中国京剧Beijing Opera》PPT

二、京剧的特点
the characteristics of Beijing Opera
（1）综合性：唱、做、念、打、舞（2）程式化、规范化（3）虚拟化
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
三、角色类型
Role types of Beijing Opera
生、旦、净、末、丑
老生
小生
青衣
花旦
刀马旦
老旦
净关羽
中国京剧
Beijing Opera
一、京剧的起源
The origin of Beijing Opera
京剧也叫“皮黄”，是东方的歌剧，中国的歌剧，是中国的国剧，是中国文化的代表。 1840年前后，有两百年历史（1）徽（安徽省）秦（陕西省）合流（2）徽（安徽省）汉（武汉）合流（3）京腔、昆曲
程砚秋
荀慧生
荀慧生
谢谢各位老师莅临指导！！
——
净曹操
——
四、念白
Monologue and Dialogue
中州韵、湖广音
五、唱腔 Singing
西皮二黄
六、四大名旦——梅、尚、程、荀
Four Famous Dan Actors –Mei,Shang,Cheng,Xun
梅兰芳
梅兰芳
尚小云
尚小云
程砚秋

中国京剧英文介绍

1. Beijing Opera, also known as Peking Opera, is a traditional Chinese art form that combines singing, dancing, martial arts, and acrobatics. It originated in Beijing during the late 18th century and has since become one of the most popular forms of Chinese opera.京剧，也被称为北京剧，是一种融合了唱、舞、武术和杂技的中国传统艺术形式。

它起源于18世纪末的北京，成为中国最受欢迎的戏曲之一。

2. The distinctive features of Beijing Opera include elaborate costumes, stylized makeup, and complex vocal techniques. Performers wear brightly colored costumes and use exaggerated movements to portray their characters. The makeup, known as "jing," is highly symbolic and helps the audience distinguish between different roles.京剧的独特特点包括精致的服装、风格化的化妆和复杂的声乐技巧。

演员穿着鲜艳的服装，并通过夸张的动作来表现角色。

化妆，被称为“京”，具有很高的象征性，并帮助观众区分不同的角色。

3. Beijing Opera combines various storytelling techniques, such as singing, spoken dialogue, and mime. The singing style, known as "xiangsheng," involves a unique combination of singing and recitation. The performers use specific gestures and movements to convey emotions and actions.京剧融合了各种叙事技巧，如唱、说和默剧。

北师大高中英语必修二Unit-5-Lesson-2-Beijing-Opera

Procedure
Warm Up Background Knowledge
Vocabulary (10 min)
Listening (10 min)
Retelling ( 12 min)
Consolidation ( 5 min)
Listening
pictures (3 min)
questions (5 min)
5 Listening Strategies(p24)
No.2 Use your general knowledge to think of possible answers. Wh-quewtions What skills…? Where was …performed? Why…music/singing…?
sheng
dan
jing
clown
What do you know about Beijing Opera? Work in pairs and choose the right answers.
1. When did Beijing Opera start? a) the late 18th century b) the late 19th century c) the late 20th century
Listen and use the strategies!
1. What skills do Beijing Opera actors need to have ?
Acting, talking, singing, music dancing and acrobatics.
On open-air stages, in markets, streets, teahouses or temple courtyards.

Unit 6 Beijing Opera

The role of
Jing
主要扮演性格、品质或相貌不同于一般、有突出特征的男性人物，俗称花脸
张飞
关羽
包拯
正净
Jing are the painted-faced roles, and they represent warriors, heroes, statements and bad men. The painted faces are symbolic and exaggerated, and are used to represent a character’s personality.
《贵妃醉酒》剧照
《霸王别姬》剧照
《五花洞》

剧情：宋代，五大郎与潘金莲夫妻俩因年月不好，离家去寻兄弟武松。蜈蚣、蝎子、壁虎、蛤蟆、毒蛇等在五花洞修炼成精，因恨仙道张天师与它们作对，前往京都作乱。路遇武大郎携妻潘金莲寻访其弟武松，见二人一矮丑、一娇媚，相映成趣，遂幻化成二人模样相戏。真假武大郎、潘金莲相貌言语一般无二，难辨真伪，乃互相扭至阳谷县衙申告。知县吴大炮难以判识，五毒精又变出一假知县与之哄闹。恰逢包拯（另有版本为张天师）巡视至此，以照妖镜辨出真伪，又请来天兵天将降服了众妖。
What does each mark of painted faces represent?
This painted face is used to represent a clown, or a kind-hearted and humorous man, but sometimes, it is negative, bad or silly. This painted face is used to represent a loyal and courageous character.

BeijingOpera教学设计北师大版

四、教学方法与手段
1. 教学方法：
（1）讲授法：在介绍北京Opera的基本概念、历史背景和表演形式时，教师可以通过讲授法向学生传授知识。结合生动的例子和图片，教师可以激发学生的兴趣，并帮助学生建立对北京Op组讨论，让学生分享对北京Opera的了解和看法。在讨论过程中，教师引导学生思考和分析问题，提高学生的思维品质和表达能力。
3. 学生可能遇到的困难和挑战：在学习和理解北京Opera的相关知识时，学生可能会遇到一些困难。首先，Opera这一艺术形式对于学生来说可能较为陌生，难以理解和接受。其次，北京Opera中涉及的一些专业术语和表演手法可能对学生来说较为复杂，需要教师进行详细的解释和示范。此外，学生可能对中文的听说能力有所欠缺，需要教师提供更多的语言支持和练习机会。因此，在教学过程中，教师需要关注学生的学习情况，及时解答疑问，并提供必要的帮助和指导。
三、学习者分析
1. 学生已经掌握了哪些相关知识：在开始本节课之前，学生应该已经掌握了基本的汉语拼音知识，能够熟练地读写一些常用的汉字。此外，学生可能已经接触过一些关于中国传统文化和艺术的形式，如书法、绘画等，但对北京Opera的了解可能较为有限。
2. 学生的学习兴趣、能力和学习风格：五年级的学生通常对有趣且富有创意的课堂活动感兴趣。他们具有较强的好奇心和探索欲望，喜欢通过图片、视频和实物等直观的方式进行学习。在学习能力方面，学生能够较好地理解和记忆知识点，但需要教师的引导和激励来提高学习的积极性和主动性。在学习风格上，学生们可能偏爱互动式和参与式的学习方式，希望能够通过小组讨论、角色扮演等活动来提高学习效果。
（5）课后作业：布置相关的课后作业，如让学生观看一场北京Opera的表演，并撰写观后感。这样既能巩固所学知识，又能拓展学生的文化视野。

Beijing opera

尚小云
尚小云(1899—1976)，原名德泉，字绮霞。出生于河北省南宫县。汉军旗籍人，为清平南王后裔。 1914年12月，孙菊仙与尚小云配戏，自此尚小云声名大彰。主演《苏三起解》《玉堂春》《祭江》《孝义节》《宇宙锋》《彩楼酣》《探寒窑》《昭君出塞》《醉酒》等，还与杨小楼合演《长坂坡》《八蜡庙》《红鬃烈马》《楚汉争》。与谭小培合演《汾河湾》《打渔杀家》《南天门》等。其中以《武家坡》与《玉堂春》最受欢迎。1924年1月25日，在北京广德楼首次演出了《张敞画眉》。1924年5月 15日，在北京广德楼首次演出了《秦良玉》，这出戏文武带打，唱做兼重，受到欢迎。
脸谱展示
京剧脸谱的分类有：整脸、英雄脸、六分脸、歪脸、神仙脸、丑角脸等
旦
名
大
四
The four men
梅兰芳程砚秋
荀慧生尚小云
梅兰芳
梅兰芳(1894—1961)，字畹华。原籍江苏泰州，长期寓居北京。他在50余年的舞台生活中，精心钻研，勇于革新，创造了众多优美的艺术形象，积累了大量优秀剧目，发展和提高了京剧旦角的演唱和表演艺术，形成一个具有独特风格的艺术流派，世称“梅派”，深受国内广大群众的喜爱，并在国际上享有盛誉。梅兰芳的艺术成就，对现代中国戏曲艺术的发展起了承前启后的作用。
京剧至今已有将近二百年的历史。它是在徽调和汉戏的基础上，吸收了昆曲、秦腔等一些戏曲剧种的优点和特长逐渐演变而形成的。京剧音乐属于板腔体，主要唱腔有二黄、西皮两个系统，京剧角色的行当划分比较严格，早期分为生、旦、净、末、丑、武行、流行（龙套）七行，以后归为生、旦、净、丑四大行
Development ：一、Incubation period ：1640s—1820s清初至道光年间；二、formation ：1840—1860（道光二十年至咸丰十年）；三、The mature stage ：1883—1918 四、 peak ：1917—

京剧相关英语介绍Beijing Opera

京剧相关英语介绍Beijing OperaFour Famous Dan Actors 四大名旦；Stage Props in Peking Opera 京剧道具Types of Facial Make-up in Beijing Opera 京剧脸谱Roles in Beijing Opera 京剧的角色；Xipi and Erhuang 西皮和二簧Wenchang and Wuchang 文场和武场；Piao You and Xia Hai 票友和下海Longtao and Figurant "龙套”和“跑龙套”；Qiba “起霸” ；Liangxiang “亮相”In 1927, an open selection of the top Dan actors, sponsored by the Shuntian Times newspaper, was launched. As a result, Mei Lanfang (1894-1961), Shang Xiaoyun (1900-1976), Cheng Yanqiu and Xun Huisheng (1900-1968) were the most outstanding in the selection, and were named the four most famous Dan actors of Peking Opera at this time, each having his own unique characteristics in regard to action, expression and music. In addition, each had his own special repertoire, and these have been handed down from generation to generation. Eventually, they formed the four main schools of Peking Opera.Later, groups of excellent young actors were active on the opera stages, among whom the most famous were: Li Shifang, Zhang Junqiu, Mao Shilai and Song Dezhu, selected by the Liyan Newspaper. Each of the four had his own special repertoire, and their wonderful performances were well received by the mass. Eventually, they were recognized as the four sub-leading Dan actors of Peking Opera.China entered the modern era amidst turbulence and change in the 20th century. The Revolution of 1911 put an end to the 2,000-year rule of the feudal dynasties. Thus there was a spate of famous actors and actresses and schools of Peking Opera in the early decades of this century.二十世纪20年代年京剧旦行先后成名的四位有代表性的演员：梅兰芳、尚小云、程砚秋、荀慧生。

Beijing_Opera 京剧

杨小楼和梅兰芳
京剧四大名旦
1. Known as China’s national opera originated
in the late 18th century. 京剧被认为是国粹，它
起源于18世纪晚期。 to originated in … “起源于” “由…引起” eg：Her book originated in a short story.
The four types of roles in
Beijing Opera.
The origination of Beijing Opera. The significance of Beijing Opera. The symbolism in Beijing Opera. The performers in Beijing
instruments
月琴
板
琵琶
京胡
三弦
鼓
京剧乐器三大件
文场三大件：
京胡、月琴、弦子。
武场三大件：
单皮鼓、大锣、小锣。
Fairy tales and
stories

The Monkey King
White
Snake
Women Generals of the Yang Family
5. Actors wear attractive costumes and the performance is accompanied by loud rhythms produced with traditional musical instruments. 演员们穿着迷人的戏服，在传统的乐器演出的
Their friendship originated in a chance

beijing opera英语作文高中

beijing opera英语作文高中Beijing Opera: A Captivating Fusion of Art, History, and TraditionBeijing Opera, also known as Peking Opera, is a unique and captivating form of traditional Chinese theater that has captivated audiences for centuries. This elaborate and multifaceted art form combines elements of music, dance, acrobatics, and stunning visual displays to create a truly mesmerizing experience. As one of the most well-known and iconic cultural traditions of China, Beijing Opera holds a special place in the hearts of both locals and international audiences alike.At the core of Beijing Opera lies a rich and complex history that dates back to the 18th century. The origins of this art form can be traced to the merging of various regional opera styles, each with its own distinct characteristics and traditions. Over time, Beijing Opera evolved into a highly refined and sophisticated genre, incorporating elements from Kun opera, Hui opera, and other regional performance traditions. This fusion of diverse influences has resulted in a truly unique and captivating art form that continues to captivate audiences around the world.One of the most striking features of Beijing Opera is its intricate and visually stunning costumes and makeup. Performers are adorned in elaborate, brightly colored garments that often feature intricate embroidery and intricate patterns. The use of elaborate headdresses, masks, and face paint is also a hallmark of Beijing Opera, with each character having a distinct and recognizable appearance. This attention to detail is not merely aesthetic but also serves to convey the personality and role of each character within the performance.The music of Beijing Opera is equally captivating, with a unique and complex musical structure that blends traditional Chinese instruments with Western-influenced elements. The orchestra, known as the Jingju, is composed of a variety of traditional Chinese instruments, including the erhu (a two-stringed fiddle), the pipa (a four-stringed lute), and the dizi (a bamboo flute). These instruments, along with percussion and vocal elements, create a rich and powerful soundscape that is both mesmerizing and emotionally evocative.The vocal styles of Beijing Opera are equally distinctive, with performers utilizing a range of techniques that include high-pitched trills, vibrato, and intricate melodic ornamentation. The singing is often accompanied by a unique style of recitation, known as "Xipi" and "Erhuang," which adds an additional layer of complexity and depth to the performance.In addition to the music and visual elements, Beijing Opera is also renowned for its acrobatic and choreographic elements. Performers often engage in intricate and physically demanding movements, including leaps, tumbles, and high-flying stunts. These acrobatic feats are seamlessly integrated into the storytelling, adding an additional layer of excitement and drama to the performance.The stories and narratives of Beijing Opera are equally captivating, drawing from a rich tapestry of Chinese history, mythology, and folklore. These stories often explore themes of love, loyalty, and heroism, with complex and multi-layered characters that capture the imagination of the audience. From the tragic love story of the Butterfly Lovers to the epic tale of the Monkey King, Beijing Opera's repertoire is a testament to the depth and richness of Chinese cultural heritage.Despite the enduring popularity of Beijing Opera, the art form has faced numerous challenges in recent decades. The rise of modern entertainment and the changing cultural landscape have led to a decline in the popularity of traditional theater, with younger generations often finding it difficult to connect with the complex and highly specialized nature of Beijing Opera. However, there are ongoing efforts to preserve and revitalize this art form, with organizations and institutions working to promote its appreciation and understanding both within China and on the global stage.In conclusion, Beijing Opera is a truly remarkable and captivating art form that embodies the rich cultural heritage of China. From its intricate costumes and stunning visual displays to its complex musical structure and captivating storytelling, Beijing Opera is a testament to the enduring power of tradition and the human spirit. Whether you are a seasoned aficionado or a newcomer to this art form, the experience of witnessing a Beijing Opera performance is one that will leave a lasting impression on your heart and mind.。

拓展 unit 6 Beijing Opera分析

2 In 1790 four opera groups from Anhui Province came to Being on tour. T 3The themes of Beijing Opera are usually love and hatred. 4 Jing are the leading male actors who portray scholars , officials , warriors. F 5 Chou are negative all the time
2 What can you think of when talking about Beijing Opera?
cosars 头饰
sheng生
dan旦
jing净
chou丑
mask(面具)/painted-faces
3Can you tell me some famous actors in Beijing Opera?
Fast-reading
Read Para.8,9&10
Symbolism 1 _________ is very important in Beijing Opera.
2 Can you tell me some famous permormers or actors?
Tan xinpei, Yang xiaolou , Zhou xinfang, Mei lanfang and Shang xiaoyun.
Disasters , love stories and life in the royal palace.
Fast-reading
Read Para.4,5,6&7 How many types of roles in Beijing Opera?What are they ?

新北师大版高中英语必修三Unit7Art Lesson2 Beijing Opera课件

Skill Builder
Understanding Logical Relationships Logical relationships usually refer to the inner relationships between / among things, like between causes and effects. • While you are listening, listen for key words like why and
Dr. Liu is talking about Beijing Opera on a radio programme. Listen and tick ( √ ) the aspects that are mentioned.
__√___ main roles
_____ instruments
__√___ the unique sound __√___ costumes
female roles common male roles male roles with brightly painted masks clown (小丑) roles
a
b
c
d
a____fe_m__a_le__r_o_le_s____
b____cl_o_w_n__r_o_le_s_____ c_c_o_m__m_o_n__m__a_le__ro_l_e_s d_m_a_l_e_r_o_l_e_s_w_i_t_h_b_r_i_g_h_t_ly__p_a_in_t_e_d__m_a_s_ks
Key phrases used by Dr. Liu to give reasons: Yes. That’s why… This is because… In order to be… Otherwise, …

Beijing Opera

京剧(Beijing Opera/ Peking Opera)是中国的国粹。

作为一门古老的艺术，京剧的服装(costume)、脸谱(facial mask)更易被人喜爱。

不同的服装类型反映不同的人物身份特征。

富贵者的服装缀满精美的刺绣;穷困者的服装则简单朴素，少有装饰(elemental)。

脸谱是京剧中塑造人物形象的重要手段，它是用不同的颜色在脸上勾画出来的。

脸谱的颜色让人一看便知角色(portray)的善恶。

比如白色代表奸诈(treachery)，黑色代表正直不阿，黄色是骁勇，蓝、绿色多用于绿林好汉(rebellious fighters)，金、银色多用于神佛(divinity and Buddhism)等。

参考译文Beijing Opera is the cream of the Chinese culture. As a traditional art form, its costumes and facial mask are more popular with people. Different styles of costumes are used to reflect the status of different characters. There are more decorations in the costumes of nobles，while those of the poor tend to be simple and less elemental. Facial masks can reflect qualities of different characters. Facial masks using different colors are important ways to portray a character. People can tell a hero from a villain by the colors of the masks. In general，white usually represents treachery, black represents righteousness, yellow represents bravery, blue and green represent rebellious fighters，while gold and silver represent divinity and Buddhism.1。

高一英语 Beijing Opera

3. with a flag on each side
with +宾语+宾补
with +宾语+
adj. (表状态） adv.（表状态） doing（表动作正在进行或主动） to do (表示要执行的动作） done (表示动作的完成及被动）
1) 这个学生总是睁大双眼听老师讲话。 The Ss always listens to the teacher _w_i_t_h__ __h_i_s__ _ey_e_s___ _w_i_d_e_ _o_p_e_n_.
武旦，顾名思义是指会武艺的女性角色。其表演动作既
要英勇善战，又要婀娜多姿。
jing
京戏知识了解
净也叫花脸，因为脸上涂抹大量颜色，是性格
与相貌有特点的男性角色。用宽音，鼻音和假音演唱，讲究胸腔和颅腔的共鸣，一般多念韵白。净的表演程式是最夸张的，尤其是脸面的化妆，涂上各种图案和花纹。对于不同人物的脸有各种不同规定的图案。
Giving permission:
1) I’ll let you do…. 2) OK, you can ….
Refusing permission:
1) I’ll let you do…, but …. 2) No , I’m afraid you can’t.
Step 12 Homework
Step 3 Look and judge
Read the concert review again and match:
a) They are in a city.
4
b) She is in a carriage.
3
c) They are in their new bedroom. 2

beijing opera英语作文结尾

Beijing Opera: A Timeless Treasure ofChinese CultureBeijing Opera, a unique and profound art form, has captivated audiences worldwide for centuries. Originatingin the imperial capital of Beijing, it has evolved overtime to become a symbol of Chinese cultural heritage and artistic excellence. The intricate costumes, vibrant colors, and intricate melodies combine to create a truly immersive experience that transports the viewer into a world of elegance and drama.At the heart of Beijing Opera is its meticulousattention to detail. From the elaborate costumes, eachstitch and embroidery a testament to the artisan's skill,to the carefully choreographed movements of the performers, every aspect of the performance is meticulously planned and executed. The actors, through their facial expressions and body language, convey deep emotional resonance, oftenwithout the need for spoken dialogue. This allows the audience to connect with the characters and their storieson a deeper level.Moreover, Beijing Opera is not just about entertainment; it is also a vehicle for social commentary and moral instruction. Through its stories and characters, itexplores themes such as loyalty, bravery, love, and sacrifice. These themes are presented in a way that is both accessible and thought-provoking, making Beijing Opera an important educational tool as well.The art of Beijing Opera is also noteworthy for its blend of different artistic disciplines. It incorporates elements of music, dance, drama, and visual art, creating a harmonious union that is both visually appealing andaurally captivating. The melodies, often played ontraditional Chinese instruments like the erhu and the pipa, are both haunting and uplifting, adding another layer of emotional depth to the performance.In today's fast-paced world, Beijing Opera remains a timeless reminder of the rich cultural heritage of China.It continues to draw new audiences, both domestic and international, who are fascinated by its unique blend of traditional and contemporary elements. The popularity of Beijing Opera has also led to the emergence of numerousfestivals and events dedicated to its promotion and preservation.As we look to the future, it is important to recognize the role that Beijing Opera plays in preserving and promoting Chinese cultural identity. By supporting and promoting this art form, we not only honor our ancestors but also ensure that future generations will have the opportunity to experience and appreciate the beauty and depth of Beijing Opera.In conclusion, Beijing Opera is not just an art form; it is a living testament to the richness and diversity of Chinese culture. Its ability to captivate and inspire audiences across the globe is a testament to its universal appeal and enduring value. As we continue to explore and appreciate the beauty of Beijing Opera, we also uphold the values and traditions that have shaped China's cultural landscape for centuries.**京剧：中华文化的不朽瑰宝**京剧，这门独特而深刻的艺术形式，几个世纪以来一直吸引着世界各地的观众。

京剧的英语作文高一

京剧的英语作文高一英文回答：Beijing Opera.Beijing Opera, also known as Peking Opera, is a traditional Chinese art form that combines music, singing, dance, and acrobatics. It is one of the most popular and recognizable forms of Chinese opera, and is considered a national treasure.Beijing Opera has a long history, dating back to the 18th century. It originated in the imperial court of the Qing dynasty, and was originally performed for the emperor and his entourage. Over time, it became more popular with the general public, and is now performed in theaters and opera houses all over China.Beijing Opera is characterized by its elaborate costumes, makeup, and stage sets. The costumes aretypically made of silk and satin, and are brightly colored and decorated with intricate embroidery. The makeup is also very elaborate, and is used to create a variety of characters, from heroes and villains to gods and demons. The stage sets are often very elaborate, and can include palaces, temples, and gardens.The music of Beijing Opera is also very distinctive. It is based on a system of five-tone scales, and is played on a variety of instruments, including the pipa, erhu, and zheng. The singing is also very stylized, and is often accompanied by gestures and dance.Beijing Opera is a highly skilled art form, and requires years of training to master. The performers must be able to sing, dance, act, and fight, and must also be proficient in a variety of musical instruments.中文回答：京剧。

北京opera

京剧（Beijing Opera）又称平剧、京戏，是中国影响最大的戏曲剧种，分布地以北京为中心，遍及全国。

清代乾隆五十五年起，原在南方演出的三庆、四喜、春台、和春四大徽班陆续进入北京，他们与来自湖北的汉调艺人合作，同时接受了昆曲、秦腔的部分剧目、曲调和表演方法，又吸收了一些地方民间曲调，通过不断的交流、融合，最终形成京剧。

京剧流播全国，影响甚广，有“国剧”之称。

它走遍世界各地，成为介绍、传播中国传统文化的重要手段。

京剧是在北京形成的戏曲剧种之最,至今已有200年的历史。

它是在徽戏和汉戏的基础上,吸收了昆曲、秦腔等一些戏曲剧的优点和特长逐渐演变而形成的。

公元1790年(清乾隆55年),徽戏开始进京。

最早进京的徽戏班是享有盛名的安徽“三庆班”,随后又有“四喜”、“和春”、“春台”诸班,史称“四大徽班”（四大徽班从扬州进京）。

四大徽班和以后陆续进京的徽班,以其优美动听的唱腔和卓越的表演受到观众的欢迎。

[1]现在它仍是具有世界级影响的大剧种。

它的行当全面、表演成熟、气势宏美，是近代中国汉族戏曲的代表。

[2]京剧起源于四个地方的剧种：一是原来流行于安徽省一带的徽剧；二是流行于湖北的汉剧；三是流行于江苏一带的昆曲；四是流行于陕西的秦腔，又叫梆子。

清乾隆末期、嘉庆初期四大徽班进北京后，于嘉庆、道光年间同来自湖北的汉调艺人合作，互相影响，逐渐接受了昆曲、秦腔的部分剧目、曲调和表演方法，并吸收了一些民间曲调、北京土语，逐渐融合发展。

[3]唱指歌唱，念指具有音乐性的念白，二者相辅相成，构成歌舞化的京剧表演艺术两大要素之一的“歌”，做指舞蹈化的形体动作，打指武打和翻跌的技艺，二者相互结合，构成歌舞化的京剧表演艺术两大要素之一的“舞”。

唱、念、做、打京剧表演的四种艺术手法，也是京剧表演四项基本功。

戏曲演员从小就要从这四个方面进行训练，虽然有的演员擅长唱功（唱功老生），有的行当以做功（花旦）为主，有的以武打为主（武净）。

Beijing Opera

Beijing Opera (Pekese opera)——京剧。

Pekinese为北京的，现为Beijing，opera是歌剧的意思。

基本解释：[Beijing opera] 我国主要剧种之一,由清代中叶的徽调、汉调相继传入北京合流演变合成。

腔调以西皮、二黄为主,用胡琴和锣鼓等伴奏,后流行于全国基本概念：京剧是在北京形成的戏曲剧种之一，至今已有将近二百年的历史。

它是在徽调和汉戏的基础上，吸收了昆曲、秦腔等一些戏曲剧种的优点和特长逐渐演变而形成的。

京剧音乐属于板腔体，主要唱腔有二黄、西皮两个系统，所以京剧也称“皮黄”。

京剧常用唱腔还有南梆子、四平调、高拔子和吹腔京剧角色的行当划分比较严格，早期分为生、旦、净、末、丑、武行、流行（龙套）七行，以后归为生、旦、净、丑四大行，京剧脸谱的分类有：整脸、英雄脸、六分脸、歪脸、神仙脸、丑角脸等。

中国传统戏曲的脸谱，是演员面部化妆的一种程式。

一般应用于净、丑两个行当，其中各种人物大都有自己特定的谱式和色彩，借以突出人物的性格特征，具有“寓褒贬、别善恶”的艺术功能，使观众能目视外表，窥其心胸。

因而，脸谱被誉为角色“心灵的画面”。

蔡阳:《古城会》京剧脸谱，是根据某种性格、性情或某种特殊类型的人物为采用某些色彩的。

红色有脸谱表示忠勇士义烈，如关羽、姜维、常遇春等，用作辅色暗示人物命运，如蒋忠、华雄、高登等；黑色的脸谱表示刚烈、正直、勇猛、粗率，甚至鲁莽，如包拯、张飞、李逵、项羽、杨七郎等；黄色的脸谱表示彪悍、阴险、凶狠残暴，如庞涓、宇文成都、典韦。

蓝色或绿色的脸谱表示一些刚强骁勇、粗犷、桀骜不驯的人物，如窦尔敦、马武、程咬金、公孙胜等；白色的脸谱一般象征阴险狡诈的坏人，如曹操、严嵩、赵高、秦桧、司马懿等。

朱温:《雅观楼》画出下垂的鬓角，其子铫刚的眼角却呈上翘之势，加上夸大的光嘴巴，一看便是血气方刚；再如关羽“面如重枣”，自然画红脸，包拯“铁面无私”则黑脸非他莫属，曹操“面带奸诈”便是一幅奸白脸。

京剧相关英语介绍Beijing-Opera

京剧相关英语介绍Beijing OperaFour Famous Dan Actors 四大名旦；Stage Props in Peking Opera 京剧道具Types of Facial Make-up in Beijing Opera 京剧脸谱Roles in Beijing Opera 京剧的角色；Xipi and Erhuang 西皮和二簧Wenchang and Wuchang 文场和武场；Piao You and Xia Hai 票友和下海Longtao and Figurant "龙套”和“跑龙套”；Qiba “起霸” ；Liangxiang “亮相”In 1927, an open selection of the top Dan actors, sponsored by the Shuntian Times newspaper, was launched. As a result, Mei Lanfang (1894-1961), Shang Xiaoyun (1900-1976), Cheng Yanqiu and Xun Huisheng (1900-1968) were the most outstanding in the selection, and were named the four most famous Dan actors of Peking Opera at this time, each having his own unique characteristics in regard to action, expression and music. In addition, each had his own special repertoire, and these have been handed down from generation to generation. Eventually, they formed the four main schools of Peking Opera.Later, groups of excellent young actors were active on the opera stages, among whom the most famous were: Li Shifang, Zhang Junqiu, Mao Shilai and Song Dezhu, selected by the Liyan Newspaper. Each of the four had his own special repertoire, and their wonderful performances were well received by the mass. Eventually, they were recognized as the four sub-leading Dan actors of Peking Opera.China entered the modern era amidst turbulence and change in the 20th century. The Revolution of 1911 put an end to the 2,000-year rule of the feudal dynasties. Thus there was a spate of famous actors and actresses and schools of Peking Opera in the early decades of this century.二十世纪20年代年京剧旦行先后成名的四位有代表性的演员：梅兰芳、尚小云、程砚秋、荀慧生。

北京京剧英语作文

北京京剧英语作文Beijing Opera。

Beijing Opera, also known as Peking Opera, is a form of traditional Chinese theatre that combines elements of singing, dancing, acrobatics, and martial arts. It is one of the most popular and influential performing arts in China and has been recognized as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage.Beijing Opera originated in the late 18th century and was developed in Beijing during the Qing Dynasty. It was initially performed exclusively for the imperial court and the elite, but gradually became more accessible to the general public. It reached its peak of popularity in the 1920s and 1930s, when it was widely performed in theaters across China.The performances of Beijing Opera are characterized by their elaborate costumes, makeup, and gestures. The actorswear colorful costumes that are designed to represent the characters they are portraying. The makeup is also very elaborate, with different colors and patterns used to convey the personality and emotions of the characters. The gestures and movements are highly stylized and symbolic, with each movement representing a particular action or emotion.The music of Beijing Opera is also an important part of the performance. It is based on a system of melodies and rhythms that are specific to the genre and are used to accompany the singing and dancing. The music is performed by a small ensemble of traditional Chinese instruments, including the erhu, pipa, and suona.The stories of Beijing Opera are usually based on historical events, legends, or folk tales. They often feature themes of loyalty, patriotism, and justice, and are designed to educate and entertain the audience. The actors use their singing, dancing, and acting skills to bring the characters to life and convey the message of the story.In recent years, Beijing Opera has faced challenges in maintaining its popularity and relevance in modern China. Many young people are more interested in Western-style entertainment, and the traditional art form has struggled to attract new audiences. However, there are still many dedicated performers and fans who are working to preserve and promote Beijing Opera for future generations.In conclusion, Beijing Opera is a unique andfascinating art form that has played an important role in Chinese culture for centuries. Its elaborate costumes, makeup, and gestures, combined with its music and storytelling, make it a truly unforgettable experience. While it may face challenges in the modern world, its legacy will continue to inspire and entertain people around the world for years to come.。