限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句区别与用法

形式上 意义上
译法上 关系词 的使用 上
限制性定语从句 不用逗号“，”与主 句隔开。 是先行词不可缺少的 定语，如删除，主句 则失去意义或意思表 达不完整。 译成先行词的定语： “．．．的” A．作宾语时可省略 B．可用that C．可用who 代替 whom
非限制性定语从句 用逗号“，”与主句 隔开。 只是对先行词的补充 说明，如删除，主句 仍能表达完整的意思。 通常译成主句的并列 句。 A．不可省略 B．不用that C．不可用who 代替 whom
c. He lives in another town, which is only about an hour’s ride from here. d. Soon they arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy. e. They set up a separate state of their own, where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves. 注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不 可用that，指人时用who(主语),whom(宾语)， 指物时须用which.
4.
Practice B
区分下列几组句子的不同含义： 1. Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college. 她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。
（意含： 她还有其他哥哥。） Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college. 她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。 （意含： 她只有一个哥哥。）
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 ① 限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、确 定的作用，是先行词不可缺少的定语， 如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整，不 明确或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句 ___________________ 之间不能用逗号隔开。 ___________________
The man who came here yesterday has come again. 关系副词when和why用于引导限制 性定语从句时，在口语和非正式文体中 可以省去，但是where通常不可以省去。 如： a. Be sure to call on us next time (when) you come to town.
Practice A
1. 2. 3. 请区分出下列句子哪些是限制性定语从 句，那些是非限制性定语从句： The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. China is a country which has a long history. China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.
b. This is one of the reasons (why) you may
like to eat it.
பைடு நூலகம்
② 非限制性定语从句和先行词关系松散， 只是对先行词作附加说明，如果省去，主 句的意思仍然完整或清楚。这种定语从句 __________ 和主句之间须用逗号隔开。如： ___________________ a. Abraham Lincoln, who led the United States through these years, was murdered on April 14, 1865. b. He sent a special governor, a man named Gessler, who would rule with a firm hand.