高考英语写作之复合句;并列句的使用

写作之复合句；并列句的使用

概述

高考英语书面表达中，考生如果大量使用结构单一、长度相当的简单句，且句子之间缺乏连贯性和逻辑性，就会导致文章平淡乏味，可读性不强。一篇好的文章应含有多种句式，即简单句、并列句和复合句一应俱全。这些句式各自具有不同的特点，它们的巧妙组合会使文章句式多变，逻辑连贯，表达流畅，带来一种错落有致、形式多样的美感。

一、掌握各类并列连词的使用

并列句一般由两个或两个以上不分主次、相互独立的简单句构成。并列句通过并列连词或分号连接起来。依据并列句前后分句的逻辑关系，并列句可表示递进关系、转折关系、选择关系、因果关系、时间关系、对比关系等。这些关系都是通过并列连词来表现的。以下为各类并列句常用的并列连词。

类型

连词

递进关系and (then), as well (as), not only… but(also)…，neither… nor…

转折关系but, yet, whereas, while, although, though

选择关系either… or…，not… but…，whether… or not

因果关系for, so, because; since; as

对比关系but, while, whereas, nevertheless

并列句常用句型

1.not only… but (also)… 不仅……而且……

Not only is he a teacher, but he is (also) a poet.

2.either… or… 或者……或者……；不是……就是……

Either she goes or I go.

3.neither… nor… 既不……也不……

Neither does he smoke nor does he drink.

4.… while/whereas ……而；……却

Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones lead to the opposite.

5.并列连词when构成的句型

(1)sb. is doing… when… 某人正在做……这时/突然……

I was walking along the river when I heard a drowning boy crying for help.

(2)sb. is abou t to do/on the point of doing… when… 某人正要做……这时/突

然……

I was about to give up when my best friend encouraged me to go on.

She was on the point of leaving when I arrived.

(3)sb. had (just) done… when… 某人刚刚做……就……

She had just laid down when the telephone rang.

6.祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句

Stick to your principles, and you will win through.

Seize the chance, or you'll regret.

二、掌握各类复合句的写作

复合句由一个主句和若干个从句构成，主句和从句都具有完整的主谓结构，主句是主体，从句是整个句子的一个成分，不能独立存在。从句对主句进行修饰，起补充说明作用。根据从句所起的词性作用，可分为三类：名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)、定语从句和状语从句。各类从句连接词的使用是要掌握的重点。

① Maybe what is more important to them is to watch a movie or go on a trip together with their parents. (主语从句)

② It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. (表语从句)

③ I still remember how nervous I was on my first day in the new school three years ago. (宾语从句)

④ The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true. (同位语从句)

⑤To avoid such conflicts, we should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoy a harmonious life. (定语从句)

⑥Some children are so busy with their own business that they have no time for their parents. (状语从句)

三、练习

1.根据句子意思，使用正确的连接词填空。

① ____________ the Internet is bridging the distance between total strangers, it may also be breaking some homes or will cause other family problems.

② I was thinking of this ____________ I heard my name called.

③ Either he could not come ____________ he did not want to.

④ ____________ you've mentioned it, I do remember.

⑤ I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice ____________ I picked up the phone.