大学英语四级模拟题一含答案
大学英语四级考试模拟试题(附答案)
大学英语四级考试模拟试题（附答案）一、写作Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of "The Importance of Learning a Second Language". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【答案】The Importance of Learning a Second LanguageSecondly, learning a second language improves cognitive abilities. Studies have shown that bilingual individuals often exhibit better problemsolving skills, greater creativity, and a more flexible mindset. Moreover, mastering a second language can open up numerous career opportunities. In an increasingly globalized job market, being proficient in multiple languages is a valuable asset.In conclusion, the benefits of learning a second language are multifaceted, ranging from personal growth to career advancement and cultural preservation. It is a lifelong investment that yields significant rewards.二、听力理解Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear eight short conversations and two long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A) The woman doesn't want to cook dinner.B) The man will cook dinner for the woman.C) They are going to eat out.D) They are discussing the menu for tomorrow.【答案】C)Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage One2. A) It is a way to express individuality.B) It is a sign of social status.C) It reflects cultural background.D) It is a form of artistic expression.【答案】A)三、阅读理解Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blankfrom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. You maynot use any of the words in the bank more than once.Passage【答案】26. D) substantial27. A) outweigh28. C) enhance四、翻译Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You shouldwrite your answer on the Answer Sheet.中国传统文化中，龙是吉祥的象征，代表着权力、威严和好运。
大学英语四级测验模拟试卷及参考答案(第一套)
大学英语四级测验模拟试卷及参考答案(第一套)————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案(第一套）Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is foll owed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fou r choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and ma rk the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method o f answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships betwee n observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to o rganize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniq ues, and procedures for implementing the finding of science.Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progr ess in each.Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to comp rehend the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy an d certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people's likes or disli kes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover m ay shock or anger people-as did Darwin's theory of evolution. But even an unple asant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of re fusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choiceof refusing to hear the sonic boom produced by a supersonic aircraft flying ove rhead; we do not have the option of refusing to breathe polluted air; and we do not have the option of living in a non-atomic age. Unlike science progress, te chnology must be measured in terms of the human factor. The legitimate purpose of technology is to serve people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themsel ves. Technology must be humanistic if it is to lead to a better world.21. The difference between science and technology lies in that _____.A) the former provides answers to theoretical questions while the latter to practical problemsB) the former seeks to comprehend the universe while the latter helps chang e the material worldC) the former aims to discover the inter-connections of facts and the rules that explain them while the latter, to discover new designs and ways of making the things we use in our daily lifeD) all of the above22. Which of the following may be representative of science?A) The improvement of people's life.B) The theory of people's life.C) Farming tools.D) Mass production.23. According to the author, scientific theories _____.A) must be strictly objectiveB) usually take into consideration people's likes and dislikesC) should conform to popular opinionsD) always appear in perfect and finished forms24. The author states that technology itself _____.A) is responsible for widespread pollution and resource exhaustionB) should serve those who wish to gain advantage for themselvesC) will lead to a better world if put to wise useD) will inevitably be for bad purpose25. The tone of the author in this passage is _____.A) positive B) negative C) factual D) critical Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Americans have always been ambivalent in their attitudes toward education. On the one hand, free and universal public education was seen as necessary in a democracy, for how else would citizens learn how to govern themselves in a res ponsible way? On the other hand, America was always a country that offered fina ncial opportunities for which education was not needed: on the road from rags t o riches, schooling-beyond the basics of reading, writing, and arithmetic-was a n unnecessary detour.Even today, it is still possible for people to achieve financial success wi thout much education, but the number of situations in which this is possible is decreasing. In today's more complex world, the opportunities for financial suc cess is closely related to the need for education, especially higher education.Our society is rapidly becoming one whose chief product is information, and dealing with this information requires more and more specialized education. In other words, we grow up learning more and more about fewer and fewer subjects.In the future, this trend is likely to continue. Tomorrow's world will be e ven more complex than today's world, and, to manage this complexity, even more specialized education will be needed.26. The topic treated in this passage is _____.A) education in general B) Americans' attitudesC) higher education D) American education27. Americans' attitudes toward education have always been _____.A) certain B) contradictory C) ambitious D) unclear28. Today, financial success is closely related to the need for _____.A) higher education B) public education C) responsible citizens D) learning the basics29. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _____.A) information is our only productB) education in the future will be specializedC) we are entering an age of informationD) we are living in an age of information30. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A) The History of American Education.B) The Need for Specialized Education.C) The Future of the American Educational System.D) Attitudes toward American Education. Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.A growing world population and the discoveries of science may alter this pa ttern of distribution in the future. As men slowly learn to master diseases, co ntrol floods, prevent famines, and stop wars, fewer people die every year; andin consequence the population of the world is steadily increasing. In 1925 ther e were about 2,000 million people in the world; by the end of the century there may well be over 4,000 million.When numbers rise the extra mouths must be fed. New lands must be brought u nder cultivation, or land already farmed made to yield larger crops. In some ar eas the accessible land is so intensively cultivated that it will be difficult to make it provide more food. In some areas the population is so dense that the land is parceled out in units too tiny to allow for much improvement in farmin g methods. Were a large part of this farming population drawn off into industri al occupations, the land might be farmed much more productively by modern metho ds. There is now a race for science, technology, and industry to keep the outpu t of food rising faster than the number of people to be fed. New strains of cro ps are being developed which will thrive in unfavorable climates: there are now farms beyond the Arctic Circle in Siberia and North America; irrigation and dr y-farming methods bring arid lands under the plough, dams hold back the waters of great rivers to ensure water for the fields in all seasons and to provide el ectric power for new industries; industrial chemistry provides fertilizers to s uit particular soils; aeroplanes spray crops to destroy locusts and many plant diseases. Every year some new means is devised to increase or to protect the fo od of the world.31. The author says that the world population is growing because _____.A) there are many rich valleys and fertile plainsB) the pattern of distribution is being alteredC) people are living longerD) new land is being brought under cultivation32. The author says that in densely populated areas the land might be more productively farmed if _____.A) the plots were subdividedB) a large part of the people moved to a different part of the countryC) industrial methods were used in farmingD) the units of land were made much larger33. We are told that there are now farms beyond the Arctic Circle. This has been made possible by _____.A) producing new strains of cropsB) irrigation and dry-farming methodsC) providing fertilizersD) destroying pests and disease34. Which of these words is nearest in meaning to the word "strains"?A) types B) sizes C) seeds D) harvests35. The author's main purpose is to _____.A) argue for a belief B) describe a phenomenonC) entertain D) propose a conclusion Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies-and other creatu res-learn to do things because certain acts lead to "rewards"; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological(生理的) "drives" as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, no t otherwise.It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways th at produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to "reward" the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning th e head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned respon se with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as you ng as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movem ent "switched on" a display of lights-and indeed that they were capable of lear ning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.Papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to wat ch the lights closely although they would "smile and bubble" when the display c ame on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights wh ich pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.36. According to the author, babies learn to do things which . A) are direc tly related to pleasure B) will meet their physical needsC) will bring them a feeling of success D) will satisfy their curiosity37. Papousek noticed in his studies that a baby .A) would make learned responses when it saw the milkB) would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drinkC) would continue the simple movements without being given milkD) would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink38. In Papousek's experiment babies make learned movements of the head in o rder to .A) have the lights turned onB) be rewarded with milkC) please their parentsD) be praised39. The babies would "smile and bubble" at the lights because .A) the lights were directly related to some basic "drives"B) the sight of the lights was interestingC) they need not turn back to watch the lightsD) they succeeded in "switching on" the lights40. According to Papousek, the pleasure babies get in achieving something i s a reflection of .A) a basic human desire to understand and control the worldB) the satisfaction of certain physiological needsC) their strong desire to solve complex problemsD) a fundamental human urge to display their learned skillsPart III Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each senten ce there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer S heet with a single line through the center.41. It's the in this country to go out and pick flower on the first day of spring.A) case B) custom C) habit D) precedent42. He didn't take the flat because he couldn't afford the .A) hire B) fare C) rent D) salary43. I've made an for you to see the dentist at 5 o'clock tomorrow.A) appointment B) interview C) opportunity D) assignation44. The house was poorly built; for , the roof leaked.A) short B) certain C) one thing D) sure45. the weather is concerned, I do not think it matters.A) So long as B) So far as C) As long as D) So far46. The continuous rain set the harvesting of wheat by two weeks.A) off B) back C) down D) about47. The helicopter hovered the trees.A) in B) over C) down D) up48.The mother made a shirt for the boy out of the of the cloth.A) odd and end B) odd and ends C) odds and end D) odds and ends49. Let's get this old barn. It's of no use to us.A) over B) ready C) rid of D) used to50. George's ability to learn from observations and experience greatly to h is success in public life.A) owed B) contributed C) attached D) related51. I asked him where my sister was, and he the store across the street.A) nodded B) indicated C) figured D) guessed52. They are staying with us the time being until they find a place of thei r own.A) during B) for C) since D) in53. 100 competitors had the race.A) put their names for B) entered forC) put themselves for D) taken part54. He me by two games to one.A) beat B) conquered C) gained D) won55. They have put the bird in a cage to it from flying away.A) avoid B) prevent C) forbid D) control56. In recent years, new buildings have up like mushrooms in the city.A) jumped B) sprung C) leapt D) put57. I from among the crowd an old friend of mine whom I hadn't seen for ten years.A) figured out B) picked out C) realized D) picked over58. I thought he'd never anything, but it's turned out that I was wrong.A) arrive B) amount to C) reach for D) add to59. He managed to pay off his debts.A) anyhow or other B) anyhow or anotherC) somehow or other D) somehow or another60. You'd better not Mr. Ganz. He may get angry.A) play a joke on B) play outC) play into the hands of D) play at61. We existed on nothing but the necessities.A) empty B) bare C) hollow D) undressed62. The seasons change, independent anyone's wishes.A) on B) to C) with D) of63. The mail was for two days because of the snowstorm.A) misled B) lost C) delayed D) damaged64. He has been absent class for quite some time.A) in B) for C) with D) from65. I owe a great deal my parents and teachers.A) to B) for C) toward D) of66. We must manage to do our work better with people.A) less money and few B) less money and fewerC) little money and less D) few money and less67. Mr. Black is to our English evening.A) more pleased than to come B) more pleased to come thanC) more than pleased to come D) more pleasing than to come68. You that car with the brakes out of order. You might have had a serious accident.A) ought to drive B) oughtn't do driveC) ought to have driven D) oughtn't to have driven69. If it for their support, we would be in a very difficult position.A) is not B) weren't C) was not D) be not70. If only we as we were told! This would never have happened.A) would do B) had done C) do D) didPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank th ere are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that b est fits into the passage.Everyone ___71___ of the President of the US ___72___ the most powerful man in ___73___. But when the representatives of the 13 former British colonies __ _74___ to draw up the constitution of the new country ___75___ 1788, ___76___ o f them were not sure whether they ___77___ to have a President at all. There we re even ___78___ who ___79___ a king, ___80___ their successful war against the British king, George III. The decision was in doubt ___81___ the last moment. One group wanted ___82___ for life, while ___83___ suggested that ___84___ not be a President, because a Committee would govern the country better; a third gr oup ___85___ a President ___86___ term of office would last seven years but who could not stand for reelection, because they were afraid he would spend his ti me ___87___ votes at the next election. In the end they chose George Washington as President for four years and let him ___88___ for reelection because they t rusted him. But they were ___89___ to make rules in case a future President ___ 90___ badly and these rules were used to get rid of President Nixon two hundred s years later.71. A) use to think B) think C) thinks D) uses to think72. A) to be B) being C) like D) as73. A) western world B) the western world C) accident D) the accident74. A) found B) met C) encountered D) put together75. A) at B) by C) on D) in76. A) a number B) a great deal C) a large amount D) the most77. A) should B) would C) needed D) must78. A) few B) a few C) little D) a little79. A) had preferred B) would have preferredC) should have preferred D) were preferring80. A) although B) however C) nevertheless D) in spite of81. A) until B) as far as C) so far as D) by82. A) that the President was elected B) that the President would be electe dC) to elect the PresidentD) to be elected the President83. A) another B) other C) the other D) some other84. A) it should B) it would C) there should D) there would85. A) would have liked B) would rather C) would like D) would be liking86. A) that's B) whose C) which D) of which87. A) looking for B) to look for C) to look at D) looking at88. A) stand B) to stand C) be standing D) that he stood89. A) so careful B) too careful C) careful enough D) enough careful90. A) would carry B) carried C) would behave D) behavedPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a compos ition on the topic "The Expenses of an Average Worker". You should study the fo llowing table carefully and base your composition on the outlines given below. You should write at least 100 words.1. The changes in the worker's expenses from 1990 to 2000.2. The possible reasons for the changes.3. My prediction.The Expenses of an Average Worker2015年6月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷参考答案(第一套）21-25. DBACC 26-30. DBABD 31. CDAAA 36-40. CCADA41-45. BCACB 46-50. BBDCB 51-55. BBBAB 56-60. BBBCA61-65. BDCDA 66-70. BCDBB 71-75. CDBBD 76-80. ACBBD81-85. ACACC 86-90. BAACC。
全国大学英语CET四级考试试卷及解答参考
全国大学英语CET四级考试模拟试卷及解答参考一、写作（15分）Section I: Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic “The Advantages and Disadvantages of Studying Abroad”. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Writing Sample:Studying abroad is an experience that can be both exhilarating and challenging. On one hand, it offers numerous advantages that contribute to personal growth and career development. When students go abroad, they are exposed to new cultures, which can broaden their perspectives and foster a deeper understanding of the world. Additionally, international study programs often provide access to cutting-edge research and technology, as well as opportunities to learn from leading experts in various fields. Furthermore, studying in a foreign country can enhance language skills and communication abilities, which are highly valued by employers around the globe.On the other hand, there are also some disadvantages associated with studying overseas. The cost of living and tuition fees in many countries can be significantly higher, placing a financial burden on students and their families. Moreover, being away from home for an extended period can lead tofeelings of homesickness and isolation, especially if the student struggles to integrate into the local community. There’s also the challenge of adapting to a different educational system, which might not always align with the student’s learning style or previous academic experiences.In conclusion, while studying abroad has its pros and as well as cons, it is up to each individual to weigh these factors and decide whether such an opportunity is right for them. It is important to consider personal goals, financial circumstances, and adaptability before making the decision to embark on this life-changing journey.Analysis:•Introduction: The writer starts by acknowledging the dual nature of studying abroad, highlighting that it is both exciting and filled with challenges. This sets the stage for a balanced discussion.•Body Paragraphs:•The first body paragraph focuses on the benefits of studying abroad. The writer points out three key advantages: exposure to new cultures, access to advanced resources, and improvement in language and communicationskills. Each point is briefly explained to support the claim.•In the second body paragraph, the writer addresses the potential drawbacks.The high costs, emotional difficulties like homesickness, and the need to adapt to a new educational system are all mentioned. These points help to present a realistic view of the experience.•Conclusion: The concluding paragraph summarizes the main ideas and suggests that the suitability of studying abroad depends on thei ndividual’s personal circumstances. It encourages readers to carefullyconsider their own situation before deciding, reinforcing the idea that while the experience can be beneficial, it is not without its challenges.•Language and Style: The sample uses clear and concise language, appropriate for a formal essay. Transitions between paragraphs and within paragraphs are smooth, ensuring that the flow of the argument is logical and easy to follow. The use of specific examples (e.g., “access tocutting-edge rese arch and technology”) adds credibility to the arguments presented.This writing sample effectively demonstrates how to structure a balanced argumentative essay, providing a good model for students preparing for the CET-4 writing section.二、听力理解-短篇新闻（选择题，共7分）第一题News 1A team of archaeologists has discovered a well-preserved ancient city in the desert of northern China. The city, believed to be around 1,500 years old, was found near the Gobi Desert. The discovery includes buildings, roads, and even some artifacts. Experts say the city could provide valuable insights intothe ancient Silk Road trade route.Questions:1、What was the age of the ancient city discovered in the desert of northern China?A) 1,000 years old.B) 1,200 years old.C) 1,500 years old.D) 1,800 years old.2、What is the main discovery made by the archaeologists?A) A large number of ancient artifacts.B) A well-preserved ancient city.C) A new trade route.D) Remains of an ancient Silk Road post.3、What is the significance of this discovery according to the experts?A) It reveals the secrets of ancient Silk Road traders.B) It provides information about the climate change in the region.C) It helps understand the ancient trade routes.D) It confirms the existence of a mythical city.Answers:1、C) 1,500 years old.2、B) A well-preserved ancient city.3、C) It helps understand the ancient trade routes.News Content:The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) announced yesterday that it will launch a global initiative aimed at promoting digital literacy among young people around the world. The program, called “Code for All,” is design ed to equip students with basic coding skills and an understanding of digital ethics. It aims to reach at least one million students in its first year, providing them with free online courses and resources.Questions:1、According to the news item, what is the name of UNESCO’s new global initiative?A. Digital FutureB. Code for AllC. Global Ethics OnlineAnswer: B. Code for All2、What is the primary goal of the “Code for All” program?A. To provide free computers to underprivileged studentsB. To teach students about digital ethics and coding basicsC. To promote the use of digital devices in classroomsAnswer: B. To teach students about digital ethics and coding basics3、How many students does UNESCO aim to reach with this program in its firstA. At least fifty thousandB. At least five hundred thousandC. At least one millionAnswer: C. At least one million三、听力理解-长对话（选择题，共8分）第一题Part ThreeSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear a long conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will hear some questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.ConversationW: Hi, John. I’m glad to see you here. How was your vacation?M: Oh, it was great. I went hiking in the mountains with my friends.W: That sounds wonderful. How long did you stay there?M: We stayed for a week. It was really beautiful up there. The scenery was just stunning.W: I can imagine. Did you do anything special while you were there?M: Yes, we went on a trek. It was challenging, but I enjoyed it a lot.W: That sounds exciting. Did you see any wildlife?M: Yes, we saw a lot of birds and some animals. It was amazing to see them in their natural habitat.W: It must have been a memorable experience. Do you plan to go hiking again?M: Definitely. I think it’s a great way to relax and enjoy nature.Questions1、What did John do during his vacation?A) He went on a trek.B) He visited his friends.C) He stayed in a hotel.D) He went hiking.2、How long did John stay in the mountains?A) A few days.B) A week.C) Two weeks.D) A month.3、What did John think of the scenery in the mountains?A) It was average.B) It was beautiful.C) It was boring.D) It was dangerous.4、What did John enjoy the most about his vacation?A) Hiking.B) Relaxing.C) Visiting his friends.D) Seeing wildlife.第二题Listen to the following long conversation and then answer the questions that follow. The conversation will be spoken twice.Conversation:M: Hey, Sarah, how’s it going with your final project for Professor Johnson’s environmental science class?W: Oh, hi, Tom. It’s coming along, but I’m really struggling with the research on renewable energy sources. There’s just so much information out there, it’s hard to know wh ere to start.M: Yeah, I can imagine. Have you considered focusing on solar or wind energy? Those seem to be the most developed technologies right now.W: Well, I’ve read quite a bit about solar energy, but I’m not sure if it’s the best topic for my projec t. What do you think?M: I think it would be a good choice because there’s a lot of current research on improving efficiency and reducing costs. Plus, there are plenty of real-world applications to discuss.W: That sounds like a good point. But isn’t wind energy also important?Maybe I should compare the two?M: Definitely! Comparing them could make your project stand out. You could talk about the advantages and disadvantages of each and maybe even touch on their implementation in different countries.W: Hm m…that gives me an idea. Thanks, Tom. I’ll start working on that angle right away!1、What is Sarah working on?A) A final exam preparation.B)An environmental science project.C) A presentation on renewable energy.D) A report on real-world applications.Answer: B) An environmental science project.2、Why is Sarah finding her research challenging?A)She is unsure about the focus of her project.B)She has too many resources on solar energy.C)She lacks information on renewable energy sources.D)She finds it difficult to organize her notes.Answer: A) She is unsure about the focus of her project.3、What suggestion does Tom give Sarah regarding her project?A)To concentrate solely on wind energy.B)To choose between solar and wind energy.C)To include both solar and wind energy in her study.D)To disregard solar energy as it’s too common.Answer: C) To include both solar and wind energy in her study.4、What aspect of renewable energy might Sarah consider discussing according to Tom?A)The historical development of solar technology.B)The cost-effectiveness of nuclear energy.C)The implementation of solar and wind energy globally.D)The theoretical basis of hydroelectric power.Answer: C) The implementation of solar and wind energy globally.四、听力理解-听力篇章（选择题，共20分）第一题PassageThe rise of automation in the workplace has sparked a debate about the future of employment. While many argue that automation will lead to job losses, others believe it will create new opportunities. In this article, we explore both perspectives and discuss the potential impact on the workforce.In the short term, automation is likely to displace workers in certain industries. For example, the manufacturing sector has already seen a significant reduction in jobs due to the introduction of robots and automated machinery. Similarly, the service industry, particularly in areas such as retail and food service, may experience a decrease in employment as self-service kiosks and automated systems become more common.However, proponents of automation argue that it will also create new job opportunities. As technology advances, new industries and professions will emerge. For instance, the demand for professionals skilled in programming, robotics, and artificial intelligence is expected to grow. These new roles will require a different set of skills, which may necessitate a shift in education and training programs.Moreover, automation can lead to increased productivity and efficiency, potentially boosting overall economic growth. With more tasks automated, employees can focus on higher-value work, which may lead to job satisfaction and improved job performance.Despite these positive aspects, the transition to automation may not be smooth for all workers. The initial displacement of jobs could lead to social and economic challenges. For example, workers who lose their jobs due to automation may struggle to find new employment, particularly if they lack the necessary skills to adapt to the changing job market.Questions:1、What is the main concern expressed about automation in the workplace?A) It will lead to increased productivity.B) It will create new job opportunities.C) It will cause job losses in certain industries.D) It will boost economic growth.2、According to the passage, which of the following is a potentialconsequence of automation in the manufacturing sector?A) An increase in manufacturing jobs.B) A decrease in manufacturing jobs.C) No significant change in manufacturing jobs.D) A shift in the types of jobs available in manufacturing.3、What is one of the positive impacts of automation mentioned in the passage?A) It will reduce the need for education and training.B) It will lead to job satisfaction and improved job performance.C) It will decrease the overall economic growth.D) It will eliminate the need for higher-value work.Answers:1、C2、B3、BSecond Part: Listening Comprehension - Listening PassageDirections: In this part, you will hear a passage about campus life. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You will hear the passage only once.Passage:The university has recently renovated its library facilities in order to provide students with a more comfortable and conducive environment for study. The renovations include new seating arrangements that promote group work as wellas individual study booths equipped with power outlets for laptops and charging devices. Moreover, there’s an increased number of computers ava ilable for student use, all connected to a high-speed internet network. The library now also offers extended hours during exam periods, staying open until midnight to accommodate students’ needs. Finally, the library staff has implemented a new system for reserving books online, which allows students to request materials from the comfort of their dorms or homes.Questions:1、What recent change has been made to improve the library experience?A. Extended opening hours throughout the yearB. Addition of more individual study booths onlyC. Implementation of a system for online book reservationsD. All of the aboveAnswer: D. All of the above2、、Which feature was added to support both collaborative and solo learning?A. High-speed internet connectionB. Extended library hours during examsC. New seating arrangements including group work spaces and individual boothsD. An increase in the number of available computersAnswer: C. New seating arrangements including group work spaces and individual booths3、、How can students now reserve books according to the passage?A. By visiting the library’s information deskB. Through an online reservation systemC. By calling the library’s front deskD. Books cannot be reserved; they must be collected in personAnswer: B. Through an online reservation system第三题Passage OneIn recent years, there has been a growing concern about the impact of technology on human relationships. With the advent of smartphones and social media, people are more connected than ever before. However, some argue that this technological advancement has led to a decline in face-to-face interactions and the quality of relationships.The first paragraph introduces the topic by highlighting the increasing reliance on technology for communication. It mentions that while technology has brought convenience, it has also raised concerns about its impact on human interactions.1、What is the main topic of the passage?A) The benefits of technology in communication.B) The decline of face-to-face interactions.C) The rise of social media.D) The impact of technology on relationships.2、According to the passage, what is the main concern regarding the use of technology?A) It enhances the efficiency of communication.B) It leads to a decrease in the quality of relationships.C) It replaces traditional forms of communication.D) It creates more opportunities for socializing.3、The author implies that:A) Technology has completely replaced face-to-face interactions.B) The use of technology has no negative effects on relationships.C) People are increasingly aware of the negative impacts of technology on relationships.D) Social media is the only way to maintain relationships in the modern world.Answer:1、D2、B3、C五、阅读理解-词汇理解（填空题，共5分）第一题Reading PassageIn recent years, the importance of online education has grown significantly. With the rapid development of technology, especially the internet, people cannow access educational resources from anywhere in the world. This has led to a rise in the number of online courses and platforms offering a wide range of subjects. While online education offers numerous benefits, such as flexibility and convenience, it also presents challenges that need to be addressed.The following paragraph contains a list of words or phrases, each of which is followed by five examples. Choose the example that best keeps the meaning of the word or phrase in the context of the passage.Vocabulary Understanding1.The rapid development of technology has led to a significant increase in the number of online courses and platforms.a)The number of new businesses in the tech sector has surged.b)The number of students enrolling in online courses has gone up dramatically.c)The number of traffic accidents has decreased due to better road designs.d)The number of people using social media has increased exponentially.e)The number of jobs available in the renewable energy sector has declined.2.Online education offers flexibility and convenience, making it an attractive option for many students.a)The ability to study at any time of the day or night.b)The convenience of not having to travel to a physical location.c)The opportunity to learn from experts in their field.d)The guarantee of better job prospects after completing the course.e)The assurance of a high-quality education regardless of location.3.This has led to a rise in the number of online courses and platforms offering a widerange of subjects.a)The variety of subjects available online has expanded.b)The number of students interested in online education has decreased.c)The number of teachers offering online courses has gone up.d)The number of traditional educational institutions has increased.e)The number of jobs in the online education industry has decreased.4.While online education offers numerous benefits, it also presents challenges that need to be addressed.a)The challenges faced by online students are similar to those in traditional education.b)Online education does not require any challenges to be overcome.c)The challenges of online education are often overlooked.d)The challenges of online education are unique and require specific solutions.e)The challenges of online education are not a concern for most students.5.It also presents challenges that need to be addressed.a)The solutions to these challenges are straightforward.b)These challenges can be easily resolved.c)These challenges require careful consideration and planning.d)These challenges are not significant enough to warrant attention.e)These challenges are beyond the scope of this discussion.Answers:1.b2.a3.a4.d5.c第二题Reading Passage:The Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate, access information, and conduct business. With just a few clicks, we can connect with people from all over the world, access a vast amount of information, and even shop online. However, this convenience comes with its own set of challenges. One of the most significant challenges is the need to stay informed about the latest developments in technology and cybersecurity. In this article, we will discuss some of the key factors that contribute to the importance of staying informed in the digital age.Vocabulary Understanding:Please choose the correct word from the list below to complete each sentence. Write the letter (A), (B), (C), or (D) corresponding to the correct answer in the blank space provided.1.The rapid A. evolution / B. revolution / C. evolutionism / D. evolutionist of technology has made it crucial for individuals to stay informed about the latest advancements.2.In order to protect their personal information, users must be aware of the potential risks associated with A. cybercrime / B. cybernetics / C. cyberneticist / D. cybernetic3.The article highlights the importance of A. vigilance / B. vigilance /C. vigilantly /D. vigilant in the face of increasing cyber threats.4.Staying informed about new developments in cybersecurity is essential forbusinesses to A. safeguard / B. safeguarding / C. safeguarded / D. safeguarding5.The author emphasizes the need for continuous learning to keep up with the ever-changing landscape of the digital world.Answers:1.A. evolution2.A. cybercrime3.D. vigilant4.A. safeguard5.A. keep up with六、阅读理解-长篇阅读（选择题，共10分）第一题Passage OneChina’s cultural revolution, which lasted from 1966 to 1976, was a social movement with a political motive, led by the Communist Party of China. It aimed to purify the Party and society from capitalist and cultural influences. The movement was marked by widespread violence, including the persecution of intellectuals and the destruction of cultural relics. Despite its tragic consequences, the cultural revolution has left a lasting impact on Chinese society and its people.Questions:1、What was the main purpose of the cultural revolution?A. To promote economic development.B. To reform the education system.C. To purify the Party and society.D. To strengthen the military.2、Which of the following was not a consequence of the cultural revolution?A. Widespread violence.B. The persecution of intellectuals.C. The destruction of cultural relics.D. The improvement of the economy.3、What was the impact of the cultural revolution on Chinese society?A. It led to economic prosperity.B. It brought about social stability.C. It left a lasting impact on Chinese society and its people.D. It had no significant impact on Chinese society.4、Who was the leader of the cultural revolution?A. Mao Zedong.B. Zhou Enlai.C. Deng Xiaoping.D. Li Xiannian.5、What was one of the tragic consequences of the cultural revolution?A. The improvement of education.B. The enhancement of cultural heritage.C. The promotion of political unity.D. The persecution of intellectuals.Answers:1、C. To purify the Party and society.2、D. The improvement of the economy.3、C. It left a lasting impact on Chinese society and its people.4、A. Mao Zedong.5、D. The persecution of intellectuals.第二题Reading PassageIn recent years, the concept of “soft skills” has gained increasing attention in the job market. While technical skills are crucial for many positions, soft skills, such as communication, teamwork, and problem-solving, are becoming equally important. This passage discusses the importance of soft skill s and provides examples of how they can impact one’s career.1.The first paragraph introduces the growing importance of soft skills. Which of the following best describes the author’s tone in this paragraph?A. CondescendingB. BoredC. EnthusiasticD. Indifferent2.According to the passage, why are soft skills becoming more significant in the job market?A. They are becoming less relevant in the digital age.B. They are being overlooked by employers.C. They complement technical skills and enhance job performance.D. They are no longer taught in schools.3.The passage mentions a study that shows the impact of soft skills on job performance. What was the main finding of this study?A. Soft skills have no significant impact on job performance.B. Soft skills can lead to a 10-15% increase in job performance.C. Technical skills are more important than soft skills for job success.D. Soft skills are only beneficial in certain industries.4.The passage discusses the importance of communication skills in the workplace. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of how communication skills can be beneficial?A. Clear and concise communication can prevent misunderstandings.B. Effective communication can help build strong relationships with colleagues.C. Communication skills are only important for jobs that involve a lot of speaking.D. Good communication can lead to better collaboration and teamwork.5.The passage concludes by emphasizing the need for continuous improvement in soft skills. What is the author’s final point?A. Soft skills are innate and cannot be improved.B. Technical skills should be prioritized over soft skills.C. Employers should focus on developing soft skills in their employees.D. Soft skills are not important until one is in a leadership position.Answers:1.C2.C3.B4.C5.C七、阅读理解-仔细阅读（选择题，共20分）第一题Reading PassageIn recent years, the rise of online education has sparked a heated debate among educators and the public. While some argue that it offers numerous benefits, such as flexibility and accessibility, others express concerns about its potential drawbacks, including the lack of personal interaction and the potential for cheating.Questions:1、What is the main topic of the passage?A. The benefits of online educationB. The drawbacks of online educationC. The impact of online education on traditional educationD. The debate surrounding online education2、The passage states that some educators and the public are concerned about the lack of what in online education?A. FlexibilityB. AccessibilityC. Personal interactionD. Cheating3、According to the passage, what is one of the advantages of online education mentioned?A. It requires less personal interactionB. It is less accessible to studentsC. It offers more flexibilityD. It is more likely to lead to cheating4、The author suggests that the debate about online education is:A. Unnecessary, as the benefits outweigh the drawbacksB. Necessary, as it affects the future of educationC. Unimportant, as online education will eventually replace traditional educationD. Irrelevant, as the benefits of online education are well-documented5、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a concern about online education in the passage?A. The potential for students to get distractedB. The lack of face-to-face communicationC. The possibility of cheatingD. The difficulty of assessing students’ understandingAnswers:1、D2、C3、C4、B5、ASecond QuestionRead the following text carefully and then answer the questions below.In the small town of Willow Creek, there was a local library that had been a cornerstone of the community for over a century. The library, known affectionately as “The Cornerstone,” was more than just a place to borrow books; it was a hub of cultural activities, a source of information, and a gathering spot for residents of all ages.One day, the library faced a significant challenge. The town’s mayor, who was a strong advocate for education and community development, announced that due to budget cuts, the library would have to close its doors. The news spread quickly through the town, causing a wave of concern and sadness among the residents.1、The library in Willow Creek was referred to as “The Cornerstone” because:A. It was built at the center of the town.B. It was the oldest building in the town.C. It played a vital role in the community.D. It had a cornerstone made of a unique stone.2、The main issue facing the library was:A. A lack of books for the community.B. A decrease in the number of visitors.C. Budget cuts that threatened its closure.D. The mayor’s disinterest in its operations.3、The response to the library’s potential closure was:A. The mayor proposed building a new library elsewhere.B. The residents ignored the news and continued their daily routines.C. The community held a peaceful protest in front of the library.D. The local businesses offered to donate books to the library.4、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a role the library played in the community?A. A hub of cultural activities.B. A source of employment for the town.C. A place for educational programs.D. A gathering spot for residents.。
大学英语四级模拟试题一(附含答案解析)
大学英语四级模拟题一Part I Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (10%) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet.For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Media Selection for AdvertisementsAfter determining the target audience for a product or service, advertising agencies must select the appropriate media for the advertisement. We discuss here the major types of media used in advertising. We focus our attention on seven types of advertising: television, newspapers, radio, magazines, out-of-home, Internet, and direct mail.TelevisionTelevision is an attractive medium for advertising because it delivers mass audiences to advertisers. When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? You can understand the power of television to communicate with a large audience. When advertisers create a brand, for example, they want to impress consumers with the brand and its image. Television provides an ideal vehicle for this type of communication. But television is an expensive medium, and not all advertisers can afford to use it.Television’s influence on advertising is fourfold. First, narrowcasting means that television channels are seen by an increasingly narrow segment of the audience. The Golf Channel, for instance, is watched by people who play golf. Home and Garden Television is seen by those interested in household improvement projects. Thus, audiences are smaller and more homogeneous（具有共同特点的）than they have been in the past. Second, there is an increase in the number of television channels available to viewers, and thus, advertisers. This has also resulted in an increase in the sheer number of advertisements to which audiences are exposed. Third, digital recording devices allow audience members more control over which commercials they watch. Fourth, control over programming is being passed from the networks to local cable operators and satellite programmers.NewspapersAfter television, the medium attracting the next largest annual ad revenue is newspapers. The New York Times, which reaches a national audience, accounts for $1 billion in ad revenue annually. It has increased its national circulation（发行量）by 40% and is now available for home delivery in 168 cities. Locally, newspapers are the largest advertising medium.Newspapers are a less expensive advertising medium than television and providea way for advertisers to communicate a longer, more detailed message to their audience than they can through television. Given new production techniques, advertisements can be printed in newspapers in about 48 hours, meaning newspapers are also a quick way of getting the message out. Newspapers are often the most important form of news for a local community, and they develop a high degree of loyalty from local readers.RadioAdvertising on radio continues to grow. Radio is often used in conjunction with outdoor billboards（广告牌）and the Internet to reach even more customers than television. Advertisers are likely to use radio because it is a less expensive medium than television, which means advertisers can afford to repeat their ads often. Internet companies are also turning to radio advertising. Radio provides a way for advertisers to communicate with audience members at all times of the day. Consumers listen to radio on their way to school or work, at work, on the way home, and in the evening hours.Two major changes---satellite and Internet radio---will force radio advertisers to adapt their methods. Both of these radio forms allow listeners to tune in stations that are more distant than the local stations they could receive in the past. As a result, radio will increasingly attract target audiences who live many miles apart.MagazinesNewsweeklies, women’s titles, and business magazines have all seen increases in advertising because they attract the high-end market. Magazines are popular with advertisers because of the narrow market that they deliver. A broadcast medium such as network television attracts all types of audience members, but magazine audiences are more homogeneous. If you read Sports Illustrated, for example, you have much in common with the magazine’s othe r readers. Advertisers see magazines as an efficient way of reaching target audience members.Advertisers using the print media---magazines and newspapers---will need to adapt to two main changes. First, the Internet will bring larger audiences to local newspapers. These audiences will be more diverse and geographically dispersed（分散）than in the past. Second, advertisers will have to understand how to use an increasing number of magazines for their target audiences. Although some magazines will maintain national audiences, a large number of magazines will entertain narrower audiences.Out-of-home advertisingOut-of-home advertising, also called place-based advertising, has become an increasingly effective way of reaching consumers, who are more active than ever before. Many consumers today do not sit at home and watch television. Using billboards, newsstands, and bus shelters for advertising is an effective way of reaching these on-the-go consumers. More consumers travel longer distances to and from work, which also makes out-of-home advertising effective. Technology has changed the nature of the billboard business, making it a more effective medium than in the past. Using digital printing, billboard companies can print a billboard in 2 hours, compared with 6 days previously. This allows advertisers more variety inthe types of messages they create because they can change their messages more quickly.InternetAs consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, advertisers will seek to reach this market. As consumers get more of their news and information from the Internet, the ability of television and radio to get the word out to consumers will decrease. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that audience members remember.Internet advertising will play a more prominent role in organizations’ advertising in the near future. Internet audiences tend to be quite homogeneous, but small. Advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach these audiences and will have to adapt their persuasive strategies to the online medium as well.Direct mailA final advertising medium is direct mail, which uses mailings to consumers to communicate a client’s message. Direct mail includes newsletters, postcards and special promotions. Direct mailis an effective way to build relationships with consumers. For many businesses, direct mail is the most effective form of advertising.1. Television is attractive advertising medium in that ________.A. it has large audiencesB. it appeals to housewivesC. it helps build up a company’s reputationD. it is affordable to most advertisers2. With the increase in the number of TV channels, ________.A. the cost of TV advertising has decreasedB. the number of TV viewers has increasedC. advertisers’ interest in other media has decreasedD. the number of TV ads people can see has increased3. Compared with television, newspaper as an advertising medium ________.A. earn a larger annual ad revenueB. convey more detailed messagesC. use more production techniquesD. get messages out more effectively4. Advertising on radio continues to grow because ________.A. more local radio stations have been set upB. modern technology makes it more entertainingC. it provides easy access to consumersD. it has been revolutionized by Internet radio5. Magazines are seen by advertisers as an efficient way to ________.A. reach target audiencesB. appeal to educated peopleC. attract diverse audiencesD. convey all kinds of messages6. Out-of-home advertising has become more effective because ________.A. billboards can be replaced within two hoursB. consumers travel more now than ever beforeC. such ads have been made much more attractiveD. the pace of urban life is much faster nowadays7. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that are ________.A. quick to updateB. pleasant to look atC. easy to rememberD. convenient to access8. Internet advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach audiences thattend to be_________________.9. Direct mail is an effective form of advertising for businesses to develop_______________.10. This passage discusses how advertisers select ______ __ for advertisements.（8-10题答案请写在答题纸上）Part II Listening Comprehension (35%) Section A (15%)Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.11. A. To reach US$13 million. B. To reach US$30 million.C. To reach US$300 million.D. To reach US$3 million.12. A. 80%. B. 60%. C. 50%. D. 70%.13. A. 160. B. 60. C. 116. D. 106.14. A. Meet Mr. Wilson. B. Make a cup of tea.C. Give Mr. Milson a call.D. Write down the number.15. A. The man does not need a car to get around.B. The man lives far away from the subway.C. The man is not good at driving.D. The man enjoys driving a car.16. A. It is attractive. B. It is exciting.C. It is boring.D. It is important.17. A. Stay at home and complete the paper on her own.B. Save time by using Mary’s computer.C. Buy a computer herself.D. Borrow Mary’s computer.18. A. Talk to the boss. B. Restart the discussion.C. Have a fresh mind.D. Have a break.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A. Her mother. B. Her friend.C. Her husband.D. Herself.20. A. A 40 percent discount. B. A 10 percent discount.C. A 15 percent discount.D. A 20 percent discount.21. A. 40 dollars. B. 48 dollars.C. 60 dollars.D. 54 dollars.22. A. Because the woman has only 47 dollars.B. Because there’s a button missing on the blouse.C. Because it is the last blouse.D. Because it is the special offer for this week.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A. In the dining hall. B. In the room.C. In the Rainbow Bar.D. Not given.24. A. Room 610. B. Room 061.C. Room 106.D. Room 601.25. A. In a motel. B. In a hotel.C. In a dormitory.D. In a bar.Section B (10%)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A. Many foreign tourists visit the United States every year.B. Americans enjoy eating out with their friends.C. The United States is a country of immigrants.D. Americans prefer foreign foods to their own food.27. A. They can make friends with people from other countries.B. They can get to know people of other cultures and their lifestyles.C. They can practice speaking foreign languages there.D. They can meet with businessmen from all over the world.28. A. The couple cooks the dishes and the children help them.B. The husband does the cooking and the wife serves as the waitress.C. The mother does the cooking while the father and the children wait on the guests.D. A hired cook prepares the dishes and the family members serve the guests. Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A. Their family members. B. Their relatives.C. Their closed friends.D. Strangers.30. A. To get advice. B. To subscribe.C. To place an advertisement.D. To apply for membership.31. A. They are two well-known writers who give advice.B. They are two famous doctors.C. They are two lawyers.D. They are two professors at the New York State University.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A. At 7:00. B. At 7:50.C. On time.D. Behind its time.33. A. To take a taxi to St. Louis.B. To take a bus to St. Louis.C. To carry his bags and hurry to the Union Station.D. To get off before Union Station and take a taxi.34. A. He managed to catch the train he needed.B. He failed to catch the train to St. Louis.C. As soon as he got on the train it began to leave the station.D. Thanks to the porter’s help, he was in time for the train.35. A. Late Again. B. A Helpful Conductor.C. At the Union Station.D. Conductor, Porter and I.Section C (10%)Directions:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. （答案请写在答题纸上）Americans are used to traveling. Some people make long-distance commutes to work (36) __________. Their jobs may even require them to take (37) __________ business trips. Most companies provide an (38) __________ vacation for their employees and people often use that time to travel. Some people just visit friends or relatives in distant states. Others go on low-budget (39) __________ excursions and stay in economy motels. Those with more (40) __________tastes choose luxurious resorts and hotels. Camping out in the great (41) __________appeals to adventurous types.Most Americans prefer to travel within their nation’s borders. Why? For one thing, it’s cheaper than traveling (42) __________ and there’s no language problems. But besides that, the vast American territory offers numerous tourist attractions. Nature lovers can enjoy beaches, mountains, canyons, lakes and a wealth of natural wonders. (43) __________ cities offer visitors a multitude of urbandelights. The convenience of modern freeways, (44) ___________________ makes travel in America as easy as pie.Many American vacations are as unique as unique as the people who take them. Families often plan their trips with (45) _____________________. More and more “family friendly” vacation resorts offer special programs for children. History buffs seek out famous historical sites and museums. Environmentalists prefer “green vacations”. Some people find sea cruises (46) _______________________________. Others hit the water to go fishing, skiing or white-water rafting.Part III Reading Comprehension (20%) Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OnePart-time jobs are nothing new to us college students. It is common for students to practice their salesmanship when they have free time. However, I was extremely shocked when I learned one of our teachers had also joined in the profit-making business.She is our physical education teacher. The other day she publicly commented on the pimples (丘疹) on a student’s face and then presented the girl with a sample bottle of nameless face cream.According to the teacher, the face cream was produced in France. Each small bottle costs more than 40 yuan. From my viewpoint, it is a complete waste of money to buy such thing. “Why don’t you decline and refuse to buy it?” I suggested to the girl. She signed, “If I do that, I am afraid that my teacher may give me a lower mark in PE.” In other words, as long as she made a good deal with the teacher, an “excellent” on her PE course would follow.I was depressed. The teacher abused her social role. Her priority should be to give us proper education and training. Instead, she is trying to make a profit from us. She is unfit to be a good “engineer in cultivat ing the spirit of mankind”.47. The idea for students to do part-time jobs is _________.A. unheardB. uncommonC. surprisingD. not fresh48. The teacher made a comment on the pimples on a student’s face in order to _________.A. sell somethingB. show concern for the studentsC. make her lessons more interestingD. help her students learn something49. The writer believes that the cream _________.A. is worthy buyingB. is of high qualityC. is uselessD. can cure the pimples on the student’s face50. We may infer that _________.A. many students bought the creamB. no students bought the creamC. the writer got some free creamD. the cream was made by the teacher herself51. From the passage we can infer that _________.A. some students have failed their PE examsB. the students don’t like the teacherC. the teacher is welcome by her studentsD. the teacher has given her students proper education and trainingPassage TwoShu Pudong has helped at least l, 000 people bitten by snakes. “It was seeing people with snake bites that led me to this career,” he said.In 1963, after his army service, Shu entered a medical school and later became a doctor of Chinese medicine. As part of his studies he had to work in the mountains. There he often heard of people who had their arms or legs cut off after a snake bite in order to save their lives.“I was greatly upset by the story of an old farmer I met. It was a very hot afternoon. The old man was pulling grass in his field when he felt a pain in his left hand. He at once realized that he had been bitten by a poisonous snake. In no time, he wrapped a cloth tightly around his arm to stop the poison spreading to the heart. Rushing home he shouted ‘Bring me the knife’. Minutes later the man lost his arm forever.”“The sad story touched me so much that I decided to devote myself to helping people bitten by snakes,” Shu said.52. The best title for this article is “_________”.A. Astonishing MedicineB. Farmer Loses ArmC. Dangerous BitesD. Snake Doctor53. The farmer lost his arm because _________.A. the cloth was wrapped too tightlyB. he cut it off to save his lifeC. Shu wasn’t there to help himD. he was alone in the field54. Shu decided to devote himself to snake medicine because _________.A. he wanted to save people’s arms and legsB. he had studied it at a medical schoolC. he had seen snakes biting peopleD. his army service had finished55. Why did Shu go into the mountains？A. He didn’t want to study snake bites.B. He wanted to help the farmers.C. He was being trained to be a doctor.D. He was expected to serve in the army.56. Which of the following words can take the place of the underlined word “career”in the first paragraph？A. conclusionB. storyC. incidentD. jobPart Ⅳ Cloze (10%) Directions: There are20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never-ending flood of words. In __57__a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend __58__can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are__59__readers. Most of us develop poor reading __60__at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency__61__in the actual stuff of language itself—words. Taken individually, words have __62__meaning until they are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. __63__, however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to __64__words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over__65__you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which __66__down the speed of reading is vocalization—sounding each word either orally or mentally as __67__reads.To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an __68__, which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed. The bar is set at a slightly faster rate __69__the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch”him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, __70__word-by-word reading, regression and sub-vocalization, practically impossible. At first __71__is sacrificed for speed. But when you learn to read idea s and concepts, you will not only read faster, __72__your comprehension will improve. Many people have found __73__reading skill drastically improved after some training. __74__Chalice Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute __75__the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can __76__a lot more reading material in a short period of time.57. A. applying B. doing C. offering D. getting58. A. quickly B. easily C. roughly D. decidedly59. A. good B. curious C. poor D. urgent60. A. training B. habits C. situations D. custom61. A. lies B. combines C. touches D. involves62. A. some B. a lot C .little D. dull63. A. Fortunately B. In fact C. Logically D. Unfortunately64. A. reuse B. reread C. rewrite D. recite65. A. what B. which C. that D. if66. A. scales B. cuts C. slows D. measures67. A. some one B. one C. he D. reader68. A. accelerator B. actor C. amplifier D. observer69. A. then B. as C. beyond D. than70. A. enabling B. leading C. making D. indicating71. A. meaning B. comprehension C. gist D. regression72. A. but B. nor C. or D. for73. A. our B. your C. their D. such a74. A. Look at B. Take C. Make D. Consider75. A. for B. in C. after D. before76. A. master B. go over C. present D. get throughPart V Translation (10%)Directions: Complete sentences by translating into English the Chinese given inbrackets. Put the answers down on the Answer Sheet. （答案请写在答题纸上）77. The beauty of the West Lake in Hangzhou is ________________________ (我无法用语言来表述).78. Why is she looking at me ________________________ (像是她认识我似的)? I’venever seen her before in my life.79. I don’t enjoy going to the movies. ________________________ (在我看来), it’sjust a waste of time.80. The Canadian speaks Chinese ________________________ (和他说英语一样流利).81. ________________________ (Tony 是否来), doesn’t matter much. We can rely onourselves.Part VI Writing(15%)Directions: For this part, you are required to write a short essay on the topicAttend Your Classes Regularly. You should write at least 120 words (no morethan 150 words) based on the outline given below:1.现在大学校园里，迟到、早退、旷课是常见的现象。
大学英语四级模拟试卷一及参考答案
大学英语四级模拟试卷一及参考答案Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Choosing an Occupation. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 选择职业是一个人要面对的众多难题之一。
2. 需要花时间去选择职业。
3. 选择职业时可以向多人寻求建议和帮助。
Choosing an OccupationPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked［A］,［B］,［C］and ［D］. For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Will We Run Out of Water?Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral Sea in Central Asia, it’s all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate(provide water for)farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.Similar large-scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the nextcentury.“Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H. Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. Hefears that by the year 2025, as many as one third of the world’s projected 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages.Where Water GoesOnly 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Two-thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers and ice caps.In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation(rain or snow).Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some becomes groundwater, water that seeps into the earth. Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live.In fact, the world’s population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwater—about the amount of water in Lake Superior. And people use half of this amount already. “If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, “t here will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic environment.”Close to HomeWater woes may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States. But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater accumulates in aquifers, layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. (For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground.)Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish it. In northwest Texas, for example, over pumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel.Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution. Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high standards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with bacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium, a microbe that causes fever, diarrhea and vomiting.The SourceWhere do contaminants come from? In developing countries, people dump raw sewage into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking; about 250 millionpeople a year get sick from water borne diseases.In developed countries, manufacturers use 100,000 chemical compounds to make a wide range of products. Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes. (Certain compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, have been banned in the United States.)But almost everyone contributes to water pollution. People often pour household cleaners, car antifreeze, and paint thinners down the drain; all of these contain hazardous chemicals. Scientists studying water in the San Francisco Bay reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste.Farmers have been criticized for overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals that kill weeds and insects but that pollute water as well. Farmers also use nitrates, nitrogen-rich fertilizer that help plants grow but that can wreak havoc on the environment. Nitrates are swept away by surface runoff to lakes and seas. Too many nitrates “over enrich” these bodies of water, encouraging the buildup of algae, or microscopic plants that live on the surface of the water. Algae deprive the water of oxygen that fish need to survive, at times choking off life in an entire body of water.What’s the Solution?Water expert Gleick advocates conservation and local solutions to water-related problems; governments, for instance, would be better off building small-scale dams rather than huge and disruptive projects like the one that ruined the Aral Sea. “More than 1 billion people worldwide don’t have access to basic clean drinking water,” says Gleick. “There has to be a strong push on the part of everyone—governments and ordinary people—to make sure we have a resource so fundamental to life.”1.What caused the Aral Sea to shrink?［A］The rivers flowing into it have been diverted.［B］Farmers used its water to irrigate their farmland.［C］Government planners over-pumped its water.［D］High temperature made its water badly evaporate.2.The construction of massive dams and irrigation projects .［A］does more good than harm［B］solves more problems than what they created［C］does more harm than good［D］brings more water to people than expected3.The chief causes of water shortage include .［A］population growth and water waste［B］water pollution and dry weather［C］water waste and pollution［D］population growth and water pollution4.Americans could suffer from greatly serious water shortages?［A］living in rich areas［B］living in big cities but poor condition［C］depending on groundwater［D］bearing high standards of safe drinking water in mind5.What is the main pollutant in developed countries?［A］Untreated toxic chemicals from manufacturers.［B］Raw sewage into rivers and streams.［C］Herbicides and pesticides used by farmers.［D］Household cleaners poured down the drain.6.How does algae make threats to life of a body of water?［A］By covering the whole surface of the water.［B］By competitively using oxygen life in water needs.［C］By living more rapidly than other life in water .［D］By releasing hazardous chemicals into water.7.According to Gleick, who should be responsible for solving water-related problems?［A］government and housewives.［B］farmers and manufacturers.［C］ordinary people and manufacturers.［D］government and every person.8. According to Peter H. Gleick, by the year 2025, as many as of the world’s people will suffer from water shortages.9.Two thirds of the freshwater on Earth is locked in.10.In developed countries, before toxic chemicals are released into rivers and lakes, they should be treated in order to avoid.Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked ［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.［A］Wait for the sale to start.［B］Get further information about the sale.［C］Call the TV station to be sure if the ad is true.［D］Buy a new suit.12.［A］He doesn’t think that John is ill.［B］He thinks that perhaps John is not in very good health.［C］He is aware that John is ill.［D］He doesn’t think that John has a very good knowledge of physics.13.［A］Before six.［B］At six.［C］After six.［D］After seven.14.［A］It is bigger.［B］It has a prettier color.［C］It has a larger yard.［D］It is brighter.15.［A］Australian and American.［B］Guest and host.［C］Husband and wife.［D］Professor and student.16.［A］1∶30.［B］11∶00.［C］9∶30.［D］10∶00.17.［A］He prefers staying at home because the bus is too late. ［B］He prefers staying at home because he doesn’t like to travel.［C］He prefers taking a bus because the plane makes him nervous.［D］He prefers traveling with the woman.18.［A］He thinks she should visit her cousin. ［B］Her cousin doesn’t visit very often.［C］Her cousin is feeling a lot better today.［D］He doesn’t think her cousin has been at home today.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.［A］Two different types of bones in the human body.［B］How bones help the body move.［C］How bones continuously repair themselves.［D］The chemical composition of human bones.20.［A］They defend the bone against viruses.［B］They prevent oxygen from entering the bone.［C］They break down bone tissue.［D］They connect the bone to muscle tissue.21.［A］They have difficulty identifying these cells.［B］They aren’t sure how these cells work.［C］They’ve learned how to reproduce these cells.［D］They’ve found similar cells in other species.22.［A］To learn how to prevent a bone disease.［B］To understand differences between bone tissue and other tissue.［C］To find out how specialized bone cells have evolved.［D］To create artificial bone tissue.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.［A］A new fuel for buses.［B］The causes of air pollution.［C］A way to improve fuel efficiency in buses.［D］Careers in environmental engineering.24.［A］Her car is being repaired. ［B］She wants to help reduce pollution.［C］Parking is difficult in the city.［D］The cost of fuel has increased.25.［A］A fuel that burns cleanly.［B］An oil additive that helps cool engines.［C］A material from which filters are made.［D］An insulating material sprayed on engine partsSection BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.［A］From three to five months.［B］Three months. ［C］Five months.［D］Four months.27.［A］Watch traffic.［B］Obey commands.［C］Cross streets safely.［D］Guard the door.28.［A］Three weeks. ［B］Two weeks. ［C］Four weeks. ［D］Five weeks.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.［A］Two to four times.［B］Four to six times.［C］Four to eight times.［D］Six to ten times.30.［A］Sleeping pills made people go into REM sleep quickly.［B］People had more dreams after they took sleeping pills.［C］People became angry easily because they didn’t take sleeping pills.［D］Sleeping pills prevented people from going into REM sleep.31.［A］People dream so as to sleep better.［B］People dream in order not to go into REM sleep.［C］Because they may run into difficult problems in their dreams.［D］Because in their dreams they may find the answers to their problems.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.［A］A sales representative.［B］A store manager.［C］A committee chairperson.［D］A class president.33.［A］To determine who will graduate this year.［B］To discuss the seating arrangement.［C］To choose the chairperson of the ceremonies.［D］To begin planning the graduation ceremonies.34.［A］Their names, phone numbers and job preference.［B］The names and addresses of their guests.［C］The names of the committee they worked on last year.［D］Their dormitory name, address and phone number.35.［A］In an hour.［B］Next week.［C］In one month.［D］Next year.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks,you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.In the English (36)system, students take three very important examinations. The first is the eleven-plus, which is (37) at the age of eleven or a little past. At one time the (38)or (39) shown on the eleven-plus would have (40)if a child stayed in school. Now, however, all children continue in (41) schools, and the eleven-plus determines which courses of study the child will follow. At the age of fifteen or sixteen, the students are (42)for the Ordinary (43)of the General Certificate of Education. (44). Once students have passed this exam, they are allowed to specialize, so that two thirds or more of their courses will be in physics, chemistry, classical languages, or whatever they wish to study at greater length. (45). Evenat the universities, students study only in their concentrated area, and very few students ever venture out-side that subject again. (46).Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century. Early in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street. Main Street was always the 47 of a town. This street was lined on the both sides with many48 businesses. Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing, furniture, hardware, groceries. In addition, some shops offered49 . There shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops. But in the 1950s, a change began to50 place. Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street while too few parking placeswere51 to shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces outside the city limits. Open space is what their car drivingcustomers52 . And open space is what they got when the first shopping centre was built. Shopping centers, or rather malls,53 as a collection of small new stores away from crowded city centers. Attracted by hundreds of free parking space, customers were drawn away from 54areas to outlying malls. And the growing55of shopping centers led in turn to the building of bigger and better stocked stores. By the late 1970s, many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves. In addition to providing the 56 of the stop shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, with benches, fountains, and outdoor entertainment.［A］designed ［F］convenience ［K］cosmetics［B］take ［G］services ［L］started［C］heart ［H］fame ［M］downtown［D］needed ［I］various ［N］available ［C］though ［H］popularity ［M］cheapnessSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace. This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a given society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic variables: language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics, technology, education, and social institutions. To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation comes only through experience.The most complicated problems in dealing with the cultural environment stem from the fact that one cannot learn culture—one has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One is that business is business the world around, following the model of Pepsi and McDonald’s. In some cases, globalizationis a fact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging.The other school proposes that companies must tailor business approaches to individual cultures. Setting up policies and procedures in each country has been compared to an organ transplant; the critical question centers around acceptanceor rejection. The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia or even blindness. Fortune examined the international performance of a dozen large companies that earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas. The internationally successful companies all share an important quality: patience. They have not rushed into situations but rather built their operations carefully by following the most basic business principles. These principles are to know your adversary, know your audience, and know your customer.57.According to the passage, which of the following is true?［A］All international managers can learn culture.［B］Business diversity is not necessary.［C］Views differ on how to treat culture in business world.［D］Most people do not know foreign culture well.58.According to the author, the model of Pepsi.［A］is in line with the theories that the business is business the world around ［B］is different from the model of McDonald’s［C］shows the reverse of globalization［D］has converged cultural differences59.The two schools of thought.［A］both propose that companies should tailor business approaches to individual cultures［B］both advocate that different policies be set up in different countries ［C］admit the existence of cultural diversity in business world［D］both A and B60.This article is supposed to be most useful for those.［A］who are interested in researching the topic of cultural diversity［B］who have connections to more than one type of culture［C］who want to travel abroad［D］who want to run business on International Scale61.According to Fortune, successful international companies.［A］earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas［B］all have the quality of patience［C］will follow the overseas local cultures［D］adopt the policy of internationalizationPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.There are people in Italy who can’t stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens. They tell you it’s a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, and gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there’s the sport that glorifies “the hit”.By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still. On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close-ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The TV won’t do it for you.Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or brings the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman’s position. Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,” you say. “I could have had my eyes closed.”The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. And this involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speedof the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chorus and responses.62.The passage is mainly concerned with .［A］the different tastes of people for sports［B］the different characteristics of sports［C］the attraction of football［D］the attraction of baseball63.Those who don’t like baseball may complain that. ［A］it is only to the taste of the old［B］it involves fewer players than football［C］it is not exciting enough［D］it is pretentious and looks funny64.The author admits that.［A］baseball is too peaceful for the young［B］baseball may seem boring when watched on TV［C］football is more attracting than baseball［D］baseball is more interesting than football65.By stating “I could have had my eyes closed.” the author means (4th paragraph last sentence).［A］the third baseman would rather sleep than play the game［B］even if the third baseman closed his eyes a moment ago, it could make no difference to the result［C］the third baseman is so good at baseball that he could finish the game with eyes closed all the time and do his work well［D］the consequence was so bad that he could not bear to see it66.We can safely conclude that the author.［A］likes football［B］hates football［C］hates baseball［D］likes baseballPart Ⅴ Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Who won the WorldCup 1994 football game? What happened at the United Nations? How did the critics like the new play?67 an event takes place, newspapers are on the streets68 the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reports are on the spot to69 the news. Newspapers have one basic70 , to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to71 it. Radio, telegraph, television, and 72inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communication.73 , this competition merely spurred the newspapers on. They quickly made use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the74and thus the efficiency of their own operations.Today more newspapers are75 and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out to many other fields. Besides keeping readers76 of the latest news, today’s newspapers77 and influence readers about politics and othe r important and serious matters. Newspapers influence readers’economic choices78 advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very79 . Newspapers are sold at a price that80 even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main81 of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The82in selling advertising depends on a newspaper’s value to advertisers. This83 in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper? Circulation depends84on the work of the circulation department and on the services or entertainment85 in a newspaper’s pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspaper ’ s value to readers as a source of information 86 the community, city, country, state, nation, and world—and even outer space.67.［A］Just when［B］While［C］Soon after［D］Before68.［A］to give［B］giving［C］given［D］being given69.［A］gather［B］spread［C］carry［D］bring70.［A］reason［B］cause［C］problem［D］purpose71.［A］make［B］publish［C］know［D］write72.［A］another［B］other［C］one another［D］the other73.［A］However［B］And［C］Therefore［D］So74.［A］value［B］ratio［C］rate［D］speed75.［A］spread［B］passed［C］printed［D］completed76.［A］inform［B］be informed［C］to informed［D］informed77.［A］entertain［B］encourage［C］educate［D］edit78.［A］on［B］through［C］with［D］of79.［A］forms［B］existence［C］contents［D］purpose80.［A］tries to cover［B］manages to cover［C］fails to cover［D］succeeds in81.［A］source ［B］origin［C］course［D］finance82.［A］way［B］means［C］chance ［D］success83.［A］measures［B］measured［C］is measured［D］was measured84.［A］somewhat ［B］little［C］much［D］something85.［A］offering［B］offered［C］which offered［D］to be offered86.［A］by ［B］with［C］at［D］aboutPart Ⅵ Translation(5 minutes)Direction: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87.There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means (想找麻烦).88.Why didn’t you tell me you could lend me the money? I (本来不必从银行借钱的).89.(正是由于她太没有经验) that she does not know how to deal with the situation.90.I (将做实验) from three to five this afternoon.91.If this can’t be settled reasonably, it may be necessary to (诉诸武力).参考答案及解析Part I Writing【写作思路】本文是一篇关于择业的议论文。
全国大学英语四级模拟题1及答案
全国大学英语四级模拟题1及答案全国大学英语四级模拟题1及答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of To Get along with Your Roommates. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.1. 室友之间的冲突在校园里常有发生2. 冲突的主要原因3. 室友之间如何和睦相处To Get along with Your Roommate注意:此部分试题在答题卡 1 上。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1.For questions 1-7,markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given inthe passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Early Childhood Education…Education To Be More? was published la st August. It was the reportof the New ZealandGovernment?s Early Childhood Care and Education Working Group. The report argued forenhanced equity (公平) of access and better funding for childcareand early childhood education institutions. Unquestionably, that?s areal need; but since parents don?t normally send children to preschoolsuntil the age of three, are we missing out on the most importantyears of all? A 13yearstudy of early childhood development at Harvard University has shown that, by the age of three, most children have the potential to understand about 1000 words – most of the language they will use in ordinary conversation for the rest oftheir lives. Furthermore, research has shown that while every child is born with a natural curiosity, it can be suppressed dramatically during the second and third years of life. Researchers claim that the human personality is formed during the first two years of life, and during the first three years children learn the basic skills they will use in all their later learning both at home and at school. Once over the age of three, children continue to expand on existing knowledge of the world.It is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socioeconomic backgroundstend to do less well in our education system. That?s observed notjust in New Zealand, but also inAustralia, Britain and America. In an attempt to overcome that educational underachievement, anationwide program called …Headstart? was launched in the United States in 1965. A lot of moneywas poured into it. It took children into preschoolinstitutions at the age of three and wassupposed to help the children of poorer families succeed in school.Despite substantial funding, results have been disappointing. It is thought that there are two explanations for this. First, the program began too late. Many children who entered it at the age of three were already behind their peers in language and measurable intelligence. Second, the parents were not involved. At the end of each day, …Headstart? ch ildren returned to the same disadvantagedhome environment.As a result of the growing research evidence of the importance ofthe first three years of achild?s life and the disappointing results from …Headstart?, a pilot program was launched inMissouri in the US that focused on parents as the child?s first teachers. The …Missouri? programwas predicated on research showing that working with the family, rather than bypassing the parents, is the most effective way of helping children get off to the best possible start in life. The fouryearpilot study included 380 families who were about to have their first child and who represented a crosssectionof socioeconomicstatus, age and family configurations (结构). Theyincluded singleparentand twoparentfamilies, families in which both parents worked, andfamilies with either the mother or father at home.The program involved trained parent educators visiting the parents? home and working withthe parent, or parents, and the child. Information on child development, and guidance on things to look for and expect as the child grows were provided, plus guidance in fostering the child?s intellectual, language, social and motorskilldevelopment. Periodic checkupsof the child?s educational and sensory development (hearing and vision) were made to detect possible handicaps that interfere with growth and development. Medical problems were referred to professionals. Parenteducators made personal visits to homes and monthly group meetings were held with other new parents to share experience and discuss topics of interest. Parent resource centers, located in school buildings, offered learning materials for families and facilities for child. At the age of three, the children who had been involved in the …Missouri? program were evaluated alongside a crosssectionof children selected from the same range of socioeconomic backgrounds and family situations, and also a random sample of children that age. The results were phenomenal. By the age of three, the children in the program were significantly more advanced in language development than their peers, had made greater strides in problem solving and other intellectual skills, and were further along in social development. In fact, the average child on the program was performing at the level of the top 15to 20 per cent of their peers in such things as auditory comprehension, verbal ability and language ability.Most important of all, the traditional measures of …risk?, such as parents? age and education, orwhether they were a single parent, bore little or no relationship to the measures of achievement and language development. Children in the program performed equally well regardless of socioeconomic disadvantages. Child abuse was virtually eliminated. The one factor that wasfound to affect the child?s development was family stress leading to a poor quality of parentchildinteraction. That interaction was not necessarily bad in poorer families.These research findings are exciting. There is growing evidence in New Zealand that children from poorer socioeconomicbackgrounds are arriving at school less well developed and that ourschool system tends to perpetuate (使永存) that disadvantage. The initiative outlined above couldbreak that cycle of disadvantage. The concept of working withparents in their homes, or at their place of work, contrasts quite markedly with the report of the Early Childhood Care and Education Working Group. Their focus is on getting children and mothers access to childcare and institutionalized early childhood education. Education from the age of three to five is undoubtedly vital, but without asimilar focus on parent education and on the vital importance of thefirst three years, some evidence indicates that it will not be enough to overcome educational inequity. 1. The skills learned by children at age of three will be used in all their later learning in life.2. The …Headstart? program finally succeeded in its aim.3. The …Missour? program supplied many forms of support and training to parents.4. Most …Missouri? pro gram threeyearoldsscored highly in areas such as listening, speaking,reasoning and interacting with others.5. …Missouri? program children of young, uneducated, single parents scored less highly on thetests.6. The richer families in the …Missouri? program had higher s tress levels.7. Educational inequity cannot be overcome for children fromdifferent family backgrounds. 8. The aim of …Headstart? program is to help children from poor families overcome ____________________.9. The most effective way of helping children get off to the best possible start in life is ____________________.10. The concept of working with parents in their homes contrasts quite markedly with the report of the Early Childhood Core and____________________.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are requested to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.For many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have developed a hitlistof our main fears: natural resources are 47 out;the population is ever growing, leaving less and less to eat; species are becoming 48 in vast numbers, and the planet?sair and water are becoming ever more polluted.But a quick look at the facts shows a different picture. First, energy and other natural resources have become more 49 not less so, sinc e the book …The Limits to Growth? waspublished in 1972 by a group of scientists. Second, more food is now produced per 50 of the world?s population than at any time in history. Fewer people are 51 . Third, although species are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them are expected to disappear in the next 50 years, not 25~50%, as has so often been 52 . And finally, most forms of environmental pollution either appear to have been 53 , or are transient –associated with the early stages of industrialization and therefore best cured not by restricting economic growth, but by 54 it. One form of pollution –the release of greenhouse gases that causes globalwarming – does appear to be a phenomenon that is going to extend well into our future, but its total impact is unlikely to55 a devastating (令人心神不安的) problem. A biggerproblem may well turn out to be an inappropriate response to it.Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief that environmental standards are declining and some factors seem to cause this disjunction between 56 and reality. A) pose I) starvingB) exaggerated J) headC) accelerating K) runningD) extinct L) predictedE) exist M) abundantF) perception N) conceptionG) wealthy O) reducingH) magnifiedSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Most conceptions of the process of motivation begin with the assumption that behavior is, at least in part, directed towards the attainment of goals or towards the satisfaction of needs or motives. Accordingly, it is appropriate to begin our consideration of motivation in the work place by examining the motives for working. Simon points out that an organization should be able to secure the participation of a person by offering him inducements(引诱)which contribute in some way to at least oneof his goals. The kinds of inducements offeredby an organization are varied, and if they are effective in maintaining participation they must necessarily be based on the needs of the individuals.Maslow examines in detail what these needs are. He points out not only that there are many needs ranging from basic physiological drives such as hunger to a more abstract desire for selfrealization, but also that they are arranged in a hierarchy( 等级制度)w herebythe lowerorderneeds must to a large degree be satisfied before the higherorder ones come into play.One of the most obvious ways in which work organizations attract and retain members is through the realization that economic factors are not the only inducement for working as indicated by Morse and Weiss. In line with the social respect and selfrealizationneeds discussed by Maslow,factors such as associations with others, selfrespectgained through the work, and a high interestvalue of the work can serve effectively to induce people to work.57. According to Maslow, a work organization is able to motivate people to work by _______. A) satisfying their physiological needsB) satisfying their selfrealizationneedsC) satisfying hierarchy of their higherorderneedD) first satisfying their lowerorderneeds58. Lowerorderneeds concern a person?s _______.A) essential physical needs C) selfrealizationB) selfrespectD) working relationships with others59. Which of the following is NOT a higher need that attracts people to work? A) Association with others. C) Interest value of the work.B) Possibility of earning a good salary. D) Cultivation of selfrespect.60. Which of the following statements may be supported by Morse and Weiss? A) Physiological needs are the most basic.B) There is a hierarchy of needs that must be met.C) Economic factors are the greatest inducement.D) Personal esteem and the gaining of power is the most important factor.61. Simon points out that ________.A) the needs of individuals range from hunger to selfrealizationB) economic factors are not the only inducement for workingC) effective inducements must be based on what individuals wantD) inducements must not be too variedPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.The justification for a university is that it preserves the connection between knowledge and the zest of life, by uniting the young and the old in the imaginative consideration of learning. The universityimparts information, but it imparts it imaginatively. At least, this is the function which it should perform for society. A university whichfails in this respect has no reason for existence. This atmosphere of excitement, arising from imaginative consideration, transforms knowledge.A fact is no longer a burden on the memory, it is energizing as the poet of our dreams and as the architect of our purposes.Imagination is not to be divorced from the facts: it is a way of illuminating the facts. It works by eliciting the general principles which apply to the facts, as they exist, and then by an intellectual survey of alternative possibilities which are consistent with those principles. It enables men to construct an intellectual vision of a new world, and it preserves the zest of life by the suggestion of satisfying purposes.Youth is imaginative, and if the imagination be strengthened by discipline, this energy of imagination can in great measure be preserved through life. The tragedy of the world is that those who are imaginative have but slight experience, and those who are experienced have feeble imagination. Fools act on imagination without knowledge; pedants(学究)act on knowledgewithout imagination. The task of university is to weld together imagination and experience. 62. The main theme of the passage is ____.A) the access to knowledge in universityB) the function of universitiesC) the role of imagination in our livesD) the relationship between imagination and experience63. According to the passage, the justification for a university is that ____. A) it presents facts and experience to young and oldB) it imparts knowledge to imaginative peopleC) it combines imagination with knowledge and experienceD) it enables men to construct an intellectual vision of the world64. The word “eliciting” in paragraph 2 probably means ____.A) applying C) drawing forthB) challenging D) preserving65. Which of the following is NOT discussed as one of the things imagination can do? A) It makes our life exciting and worthwhile.B) It helps us to understand the world.C) It helps us to formulate Laws about the facts.D) It provides inspiration to the artists.66. According to the author, the tragedy of the world is that ____.A) our energy of imagination cannot be preservedB) our imagination is seldom disciplinedC) we grow old inevitablyD) too many people are either fools or pedantsPart V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.In a telephone survey of more than 2,000 adults, 21% said they believed the sun revolved (旋转) around the earth. An ___67___ 7% did not know which revolved around ___68___ I have no doubt that ___69___ all ofthese people were ___70___ in school that the earth revolves around the sun; ___71___ may even have written it ___72___ a test. But they never ___73___ their incorrect mental models of planetary (行星的) ___74___ because their everyday observations didn?t support ___75___ their teachers told them: People see the sun “moving” ___76___ the skyas morning turns to night, and the earth seems stationary (静止的)___77__ that is happening.Students can learn the right answers ___78___ heart in class, andyet never combined them ___79__ their working models of the world. The objectively correct answer the professor accepts and the ___80___ personal understanding of the world can ___81___ side by side, each unaffected by the other.Outside of class, the student continues to sue the ___82___ model because it has always worked well ___83___ that circumstance. Unless professors address ___84___ errors in students?personal models of the world, students are not ___85___ to replace them with the ___86___ one. 67. A) excessive B) extra C) additional D) added68. A) what B) which C) that D) other69. A) virtually B) remarkably C) ideally D) preferably70. A) learned B) suggested C) taught D) advised71. A) those B) these C) who D) they72. A) on B) with C) under D) for73. A) formed B) altered C) believed D) thought74. A) operation B) position C) motion D) location75. A) how B) which C) that D) what76. A) around B) across C) on D) above77. A) since B) so C) while D) for78. A) to B) by C) in D) with79. A) with B) into C) to D) along80. A) adult?s B) teacher?s C) scientist?s D) student?s81. A) exist B) occur C) survive D) maintain82. A) private B) individual C) personal D) own83. A) in B) with C) on D) for84. A) general B) natural C) similar D) specific85. A) obliged B) likely C) probable D) partial86. A) perfect B) better C) reasonable D) correctPart VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87. _____________________________( 只要每个中国人) works to his capacity in theconstruction of China?s economy, the rise of Chinese nation is round the corner.88. With a special train ticket you can___________________________________(任何国家旅行)in Europe for just over 100 pounds.89. In spite of the fact that hotel prices have risen sharply, the number of tourists _________________________ (和以前一样多).90. The hotel manager, ________________________(我向他投诉过) about the service，refunded part of our bill.91. The Tower of London,_____________________________________________ (在里面曾有许多人丧命) is now a tourist attraction.答案Part I WritingTo Get along with Your RoommateRoommate conflicts among college students are often heard on campus over recent years. Study shows that these conflicts make the excitement of campus life grow grey and have bad effects on both their living and learning.Roommate conflicts often spring from daily trivial things such as time when to turn off the light and space where to store luggage or personal belongs. When personalities don?t mix, the specifics can tear roommates apart and sometimes even lead to serious conflicts. Besides, the fact that roommates hold different attitudes towards certain issue is another factor causing these conflicts.Roommate conflicts are harmful and need to be settled. Though many people think that school discipline can soften the conflicts, I believe learning to be tolerant with each other can play a more constructive role because it teaches students flexibility and the art of compromise. Meanwhile, communication contributes to the solution to this problem since many of these conflicts stem from misunderstanding.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. Y2. N3. Y4. Y5. N6. NG7. N8. the educational underachievement9. working with the family10. Education Working GroupPart III Listening Comprehension11~15 CCDAB 16~20 ABDDA 21~25 DCCBC 26~30 DABCA 31~35 ABDCD36. laughter 37. content 38. questioned 39. research 40. adulthood41. reduced 42. astonishing 43. effects44. It speeds up the heart rate, increases blood pressure and quickens breathing 45. listened to either an informative tape, or acassette intended to relax them or no tape at all 46. those who had listened to the humorous tape could tolerate the discomfort much longer Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)47. K 48. D 49. M 50. J 51. I 52. L 53. B 54. C 55. A 56. F57~61 DACCC 62~66 BCCDDPart V Cloze67~71 CBACD 72~76 ABCDB 77~81 CBADA 82~86 CADBD Part VI Translation87. As long as every Chinese88. travel wherever /anywhere /everywhere you like89. is as great as ever90. to whom I complained91. where/in which so many people lost their lives。
大学英语四级模拟测试（一）（附答案）
大学英语四级模拟测试（一）（附答案）听力（略）Part II Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and you should decide which is the best choice. (40 points)Passage 1Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:The United States is full of automobiles. There are still many families without cars, but some families have two or even more. However, cars are used for more than pleasure. They are necessary part of life.Cars are used for business. They are driven to offices and factories by workers who have no other way to get to their jobs. When salesmen are sent to different parts of the city, they have to drive in order to carry their products. Farmers have to drive into the city in order to get supplies. Sometimes small children must be driven to school. In some cities school buses are used only when children live more than a mile from the school. When the children are too young to walk that far, their mothers take turns driving them to school. One mother drives on Mondays, taking her own children and neighbors' children as well. Another drives on Tuesdays, another on Wednesdays, and so on. This is called forming a car pool. Men also form car pools, with three or four men taking turns driving to the place where they all work.More car pools should be formed in order to put fewer automobiles on the road and to use less gasoline. Parking is a great problem, and so is the traffic in and around cities. Too manycars are being driven. Something will have to be done about the use of cars.26. Many families in the U.S. own cars because ________.A) cars are a source of pleasure for themB) they need a car to form a car poolC) they live more than a mile away from the schoolD) cars form necessary part in their life27. Which of the following groups is NOT mentioned though they certainly drive cars?A) Office workers.B) Police and mail carriers.C) Salesmen and farmers.D) Factory workers.28. Paragraph 3 suggests that in the United States ________.A) children have to walk to schoolB) school buses take all the children to schoolC) mothers drive children to schoolD) families usually live within a mile from the school29. "A car pool" most probably means ________.A) a number of people sharing the use of a carB) a place for parking carsC) a group of tourists driving alternativelyD) a place for learning to drive30. What is the author's advice about the use of cars?A) To provide larger parking spaces.B) To build better roads.C) To produce fewer automobiles.D) To form more car pools.Passage 2Question 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Recent fires have destroyed much of Indonesian forests and pose the latest threat to the survival of the endangered orangutans（红毛猿）. Thirty orangutans fleeing their burning forest home have been killed by villagers, who see the animals as crop raiders. Orangutan mothers have been killed so that their young can be captured and sold into the illegal wildlife pet trade. Orangutan experts continue to receive orangutan infants whose mothers have been killed while searching for food in plantations and fields.The fires, caused by drought and coupled with fire-setting methods to clear forests, have destroyed more than two million acres. When fire gets into the rainforests' layer of dry peat (partly decayed plant material which covers the soil), it can burn slowly off and on for months or years after the original fire. These fires continue until heavy rainfall soaks the peat through and through. Orangutans once numbered in the hundreds of thousands, but their population has dropped to roughly 25 000 due to fire, the destruction of forests from felling trees for timber and agriculture, and losses linked to the live-animal trade. Before the fires, only 40 percent of the orangutans' original habitat remained, and now, their habitat has become even smaller.31. What can be the best title for this passage?A) Fires Drive Orangutans to Danger.B) Orangutans Are Precious Animals.C) Fires in Indonesia Keep on Flaming.D) Orangutans Endanger the Crops of Indonesia.32. Which of the following is true about villagers?A) They set fire in order to kill orangutans for food.B) They are ignorant of wild life pets trade.C) They dislike orangutans because they destroy crops.D) They continue to receive orangutans infants.33. According to this passage, fires in Indonesia ________.A) will not end until it starts to rainB) will be eventually put out by human effortC) will die out when the winds stop blowingD) will only stop when the peat is totally wet34. Some people buy orangutans because ________.A) they want to save orangutansB) they want to keep orangutans as petsC) they want to build new homes for orangutansD) they want to take care of orangutan infants35. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the decreasing of orangutans in Indonesia?A) The forests have been burned to make land for agriculture.B) Most of orangutans' forests have been destroyed.C) Mother orangutans have been caught and sold in pet-animal market.D) Trees have been cut down for human profits.Passage 3Question 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Don't try kicking the tires on a very modern and strange car developed by students at Coventry University. Not only does the car have no tires, it has no steering wheel, either.The Coventry Concept Car, as it is called is a completely new design that looks more like a snail（蜗牛）than an automobile. No working model, or functional form of the vehicle exists yet, but its designers recently introduced a life-sized model and explained how a real one would work. Electric motors would move rapidly undulating pad（形成波浪状气垫）underneath the car; moving the vehicle in any direction at speeds up to 480 kmper hour. The motion would be a much faster way of crawling ? the way snails move. (Muscles in the bottom of a snail's flat foot contract （收缩）in waves that push the snail along the ground.) Steering of the snail car would be handled automatically by an onboard computer, which would receive signals from orbiting satellites. Those signals would help guide the snail car along a preprogrammed route.Even the car's color could be computer-controlled, the student designer suggested. Instead of a painted out appearance, the snail car would sport an electronically sensitive film that changes color according to its surroundings.36. The Coventry Concept Car is designed mainly based on ________.A) the appearance of a snailB) the movement of a snailC) the life-size of a snailD) the behavior of a snail37. Which of the following is true about the Coventry Concept Car?A) Its first working model can run at 480 km per hour.B) Its direction is controlled by a steering wheel.C) It moves in all directions on a pair of flat feet.D) It travels automatically along preprogrammed routes.38. The color of the car can be changed ______.A) by applying different films onto its exteriorB) automatically in accordance with its surroundingsC) by signals received by the car computerD) according to the customer's requirement39. The word "sport" in the last but one line most probably means _______.A) applyB) wearC) runD) notice40. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A) A Car at a Speed of a SnailB) A Computer-Controlled Electronic VehicleC) A Car Without Tires and Steering WheelD) A Car with No Functional FormPassage 4Question 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:Have you ever been afraid to talk back when you were treated unfairly? Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it? Are you afraid to ask someone for a date?Many people are afraid to assert themselves（坚持自己的权利）. Dr. Alberti, author of Stand Up, Speak Out, and T alk Back, thinks it's because their self-respect is low. "Our whole set-up is designed to make people distrust themselves," says Alberti. "There's always a 'superior' around: a parent, a teacher, a boss who 'knows better'."But Alberti and other scientists are doing something to help those people assert themselves. They offer "Assertiveness Training" courses ? AT for short. In the AT course people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be aggressive without hurting other people.In one way, learning to speak out is to overcome fear. A group taking an AT course will help the timid person to lose hisfear. But AT uses an even stronger motive ? the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how he feels.Whether or not you speak up for yourself depends on your self-image. If someone you face is more "important" than you, you may feel less of a person. You start to doubt your own good sense. You go by the other person's label. But, why should you? AT says you can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do, you can learn to speak out.41. The problem the writer talks about is that _______.A) some people buy things they don't wantB) some people are afraid of arguing for themselvesC) there are too many "superiors" around usD) there is too much pressure from our society42. The cause of the problem discussed in this passage is that _______.A) some people have a low self-imageB) there is always someone around who "knows better"C) salesmen talk people into buying things they don't wantD) people don't share opinions in a group43. The set-up of our society often _______.A) makes people distrust themselvesB) makes things more favorable for "superiors"C) keeps people from knowing as much as their "superiors"D) helps people to learn to speak up for their rights44. A T is one solution to the problem in this passage, but one thing AT doesn't promote is to help people ________.A) to share their feelingsB) to have a right to be oneselfC) to overcome their fear before othersD) to be more aggressive45. The title for this passage could be ________.A) Assertiveness TrainingB) Loss of Self-respectC) The Importance of Human RightsD) Share Your Feelings with OthersPart III Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentences. (10 points)46. Those high school students _____ to computer games will usually lose interest in their studies.A) absorbed B) addicted C) approached D) adapted47. What did you put in your suitcase? It's almost _____ mine.A) four times as heavy as B) four times heavier as C) as four times heavy as D) as heavy as four times48. In some countries today, it is still illegal for doctors to help a woman have a(n) _____.A) pregnancy B) abortion C) miscarriage D) embryo49. Metal _____ when cooled and expands when heated.A) decreases B) reduces C) condenses D) contracts50. The employees were afraid to ask for a salary raise _____ they should lose their jobs.A) lest B) or else C) so that D) in order that51. There has been a heated controversy over the new traffic _____ forbidding automobiles in downtown during the daytime.A) laws B) bans C) alerts D) regulations52. She has won a _____ prize for her poems published in the past 10 years.A) privileged B) awarded C) prestigious D) rewarded53. Each man and woman must sign _____ full names before entering the examination room.A) his B) her C) their D) one's49. Giving the child problems he can't solve will only ________ him.A) frustrate B) challenge C) conquer D) press54. It is pleasant to see that the whole community has participated in this environmental action with great _____.A) validity B) vow C) vigor D) vision55. As they can't have a child of their own, they're going to _____ a little girl.A) adapt B) adopt C) adjust D) receive56. It's no use _____ wit him. You might as well argue with a stone wall.A) arguing B) of arguing C) in arguing D) to argue57. The official figures of unemployment revealed that millions of citizens could hardly make a _____ living.A) honest B) decent C) appropriate D) suitable58. The company has been found guilty violating copyright laws _____ a regular _____.A) for ... reason B) by ... way C) on ... basis D) to ... degree59. Believe it or not, he arrived in America with only 25 dollars _____.A) by his name B) to his name C) in his name D) with his name60. _____ is no reason for dismissing her.A) A few minutes late B) Owing to a few minutes late C) Because she was a few minutes late D) Being a few minutes late61. I handed in the application two months ago, but I have not received any response _____.A) in date B) out of date C) to date D) on date62. In the course of a day our students do far more than just _____ classes.A) attending B) attended C) to attend D) attend63. The newspaper didn't mention its secret _____ who provided the information for the event.A) resource B) source C) origin D) cause64. The clothes a person wears may express his _____ or social position.A) state B) significance C) determination D) status65. If I hadn't turned off the power before you touched the wires, you _____ now.A) wouldn't have smiled B) didn't smile C) wouldn't be smiling D) couldn't have smiledPart IV TranslationSection A:Directions: Read the following passage and translate the 5 underlined sentences into Chinese.(5 points)(66) To be successful at business, you not only have to be good at what you do, but you have to be good at letting others know how good you are at what you do. You have to come up with a plan to get your product or service in the market place. You have to come up with a marketing plan. (67) This marketing plan involves two parts: you have to figure out who the market is; and you have to make the product or service known to that market. These two work together.It is a rare case in marketing when a product has appeal to everyone regardless of sex, age, income level or special interests.(68) The more typical case is that a product will appeal to a limited group of people who are willing to put down their hard-earned dollars to buy what you have to sell.(69) The basic question to keep in mind as you develop your marketing plan is: Who would want to buy the type of product I make and how can I develop it to be saleable to these special people? Once you define your market, you often have to modify your product to fit that market. Sometimes the answer to this question is clear and logical. Often, however, a business person has to do some research and experimentation to find the answer.(70) Many a business has failed because people didn't consider this obvious but critical question: Who is the market?66.____________________________________________________________________ ________67._____________________________________________________________ _______________68.____________________________________________________________________ ________69.____________________________________________________________________ ________70.____________________________________________________________________ ________Section BDirections: In this section, you will translate 5 sentences below into English. (10 points)71. 一群科学家上周在一次新闻发布会上宣布的克隆计划在全世界引起了轩然大波。
大学英语四级考试模拟题（附答案）
大学英语模拟真题Test 2第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Why not go and have dinner in the restaurant? —_________ It’s too expensive. A. Why not. B. I agree . C. I ’m afraid not. D. I ’m sure. 2. —Mike,I am going to skate in the mountains tomorrow. —Oh,really? _________ A. Good luck. B. Great. C. Have a good time. C. Have a good time. D. Congratulations! D. Congratulations! 3. —Please help yourself to the fish. —_________ A. Thanks,but I don’t like the fish.B. Sorr y ,I can’t help.y,I can’t help.C. Well,fish don’t suit me.D. No,I can’t.4. —_________ —He teaches physics in a school. A. What does your father want to do? B. Who is your father? C. What is your father? D. Where is your father now? 5. —Excuse me, how much is the jacket? —It It’’s 499 Yuan. _________ A. Oh, no. Tha t’t’s OK! s OK! B. How do you like it? C. Which do you prefer? D. Would you like to try it on? 第二部分：阅读理解（共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分）此部分共有2篇短文，在第一篇短文后有5个正误判断题，从每题后的两个选项中选出正确答案；在第二篇短文后有5个问题。
大学英语四级模拟试题及答案
大学英语四级模拟试题及答案大学英语四级模拟试题及答案在现实的学习、工作中，我们最熟悉的就是试题了，借助试题可以更好地对被考核者的知识才能进行考察测验。
什么样的试题才能有效帮助到我们呢？下面是店铺收集整理的大学英语四级模拟试题及答案，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
大学英语四级模拟试题及答案篇1Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:Some radio singals were heard in 1967.They were coming from a point in the sky where there was unknown star.They were coming very regularly,too:about once a second,if they were controlled by clock.?The scientists who heard the signals did not tell anybody else.They were rather afraid to tell in case they frightened people.The signals were coming from a very small body—no bigger,perhaps than the earth.Was that why no light could be seen from it?Or were the signals coming from a planet that belonged to some other star??There was no end to the questions,but the scientists kept the news secret.“Perhaps there are intelligent beings out there.”they thought,“who are trying to send messages to other planets,or to us?So the news was notgiven to the newspaper.Instead,the scientists studied the signals and searched for others like them...Well,all that happened in 1967 and 1968.Since then scientists have learnt more about those strange,regular,radio signals.And they have told the story,of course.The signals do not come from a planet;they come from a new kind of star called a “pulsar””.About a hundred other pulsars have now been found,and most of themare very like the first one.?Pulsars are strong radio stars.They are the smallest but the heaviest stars we know at present.A handful of pulsar would weigh a few thousand tons.Their light—if they give much light—is too small for us to see.But we can be sure of this,no intelligent beings are living on them.21. The radio signals discussed in this passage____.A.were regularB.were controlled by a clockC.were heard in 1967 onlyD.were secret messages22. The radio singals were sent by____.A.a satelliteB.a planetC.a sky body which was unknown at that timeD.intelligent beings who were unknown at that time23. The scientists did not tell people about the signals because____.A.the singals stood for secret messagesB.people would ask them too many questionsC.they did not want to frighten peopleD.they stood for unimportant messages24. A pulsar is____.A. a small heavy star which sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seenB. a small heavy planet which sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seenC. a small heavy satellite which sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seenD. a small intelligent being who sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seen 25. Which of the following is true?A.One of the pulsars found by scientists sends radio signals.B.Pulsar began to send radio singals in 1967.C.Scientists have searched for pulsars for many years but found none.D.Scientists have found many pulsars since 1967.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:Over vast areas of every continent,the rainfall and vegetation necessary for life are disappearing.Already more than 40 percent of the earth's land is desert ordesert?like.About 628 million people—one out of seven—live in these dry regions.In the past,they have managed to survive,but with difficulty.[ZZ(Z]Now largely through problems caused by modern life,their existence is threatened by the slow,steady spread of the earth's deserts.Scientists still do not understand all the complex problems of the desert,but there have been many ideas for saving the land.Sandi Arabia has planted 10 milliontrees to help keep the sand from taking over fertile areas.The Israelis are again using some of the water collection systems left by the ancient people in theNegev desert.They plan to water their orchards with the extra water.Some Sahel farmers still raise cattle on their poor farm land,but before the cattle are sold,they are taken to greener lands in the south to get fat.26. What is the article mainly concerned?A.The problem of spreading desert.B.The rainfall and vegetation in desert areas.C.The water collection systems.D.The difference between modern life and ancient life.27. “one out of seven” refers to____.A.more than a third of the lands' earthB.the percentage of the earth's land that is desert-likeC.the number of people who live in dry regionsD.a day of a week28. In paragraph 2,“they are taken to the greener lands in the south.”Theyrefers to____.A.the Sahel farm landB.the farmersC.the cattlesD.the trees29. How many ideas for saving the land are described?A.Five.B.Two.C.Four.D.Three.30. Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage?A.The earth's desert are slowly spreading.B.One out of 10 people lives in dry regions.C.Their life in the desert is threatened now by traditional problems.D.New water wells can solve the problem in Africa's desert.Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Telephone, television, radio, and telegraph all help people communicate witheach other. Because of these devices, ideas and news ofevents spread quickly allover the world. For example, within seconds, people can know the results of anelection in another country. An international football match comes into the homesof everyone with a television set.News of a disaster such as an earthquake or aflood can bring help from distant countries within hours, help is on the way. Because of modern technology like the satellites that travel around the world, information travels fast.How has this speed of communication changed the world? To many people,the world has become smaller. Of course this does not mean that the world is actually physically smaller. It means that the world seems smaller. Two hundred years ago,communication between the continents took a long time. All news was carried on ships that took weeks or even months to cross the ocean. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries,it took six weeks for news from Europe to reach America.This time difference influenced people's actions. For example, one battle, or fight, in the War of 1812 between England and the United States could have been avoided. A peace agreement had already been signed. Peace was made in England, but the news of peace took six weeks to reach America. During these six weeks, the large and serious Battle of New Orleans was fought. Many people lost their lives after a peace treaty had been signed.They would not have died if news had come in time.In the past,communication took much time than it does now.?There was a good reason why the world seemed so much larger than it does today.31. News spreads fast because of____.A.modern transportationB.new technologyC.the change of the worldD.a peace agreement32. According to this passage,____is very important to people in a disaster area.A.fast communicationB.modern technologytest newsD.new ideas33. Which of the following statements is true?A.The world now seems smaller because of faster communication.B.The world is actually smaller today.C.The world is changing its size.D. The distance between England and America has changed since the War of 181234. Two hundred years ago,news between the continents was carried____.A.by telephone and telegraphB.by landC.by airD.by sea35. The New Orleans Battle could have been avoided if the peace agreement had been signed____.A.by both sidesB.in timeC.in AmericaD.in EnglandQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one.An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may be preventable if individuals would make sound personal health choices based upon current medical knowledge.We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society.[ZZ)]The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may concern ourhealth.If we so desire,we can smoke,drink excessively, refuse to wear seatbelts,eat whatever foods we want,and live a completely sedentary life-style without any excuse.The freedom to make such personal decisions is a fundamental aspect of our society,although the wisdom of these decisions can be questioned.Personal choices relative to health often cause a difficulty.As one example,a teenager may know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into believing it is the socially accepted thing to do.?A multitude of factors,both inherited and environmental,influence the development of health?related behaviors,and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual.However,the decision to adopt a particular health-related behavior is usually one of personal choices.There are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices.In discussing the moral of personal choice,Fries and Crapo drew a comparison.They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide.[ZZ)]Thus,for those individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life,personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity.36. The concept of personal choice concerning health is important because____.A.personal health choices help cure most illnessesB.it helps raise the level of our medical knowledgeC.it is essential to personal freedom in American societyD.wrong decisions could head to poor health37. To “live a completely sedentary life?style”(Para. 1) in the passage means____.”A.to live an inactive lifeB.to live a decent lifeC.to live a life with complete freedomD.to live a life of vice38. Sound personal health choice is often difficult to make because____.A.current medical knowledge is still insufficientB.there are many factors influencing our decisionsC.few people are willing to trade the quality of life for longevityD.people are usually influenced by the behavior of their friends39. To knowingly allow oneself to pursue unhealthy habits is compared by Fries and Crapo to____.A.improving the quality of one's lifeB.limiting one's personal health choiceC.deliberately ending one's lifeD.breaking the rules of social behavior40. According to Fries and Crapo sound health choices should be based on____.A.personal decisionsws of societyC.statistical evidenceD.opinions of friendsPart Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41. ____he thought of it,the stars seemed always large andclear before the dawn of Christmas Day.A.As forB.Now thatC.BecauseD.As soon as42. A thought____him like a silver dagger.A.beatB.hitC.struckD.pondered43. I'll____this afternoon.A.get the radio fixedB.get the radio to be fixedC.get the radio being fixedD.get the radio fixing44. Who is____personnel at present?A.in the charge ofB.under charge ofC.under the charge ofD.in charge of45. Tell him to turn down the TV.It's____my nerves.A.get overB.get inC.get crazy withD.get on46. The family decided to raise two cows and five sheep____the chickens,ducks and rabbits.A.exceptB.besidesC.besideD.except for47. I woke up,____that he had gone.A.only findingB.only having foundC.only to findD.only to have found48. The project____by the time you come to China again.A.will be completedB.will have been completedC.is to be completedD.is going to be completed49. In the course of the work,we____lots of difficulties.A.met withB.sawC.got intoD.came across50. ____his accent,he must be from the south.A.Judged byB.Being judged fromC.Judging fromD.Being judged by51. The boy____his father.A.was accused of having killedB.was accused to have killedC.was accused of killingD.was accused to kill52. Missing the train means____for an hour.A.waitingB.to waitC.to be waitingD.have to wait53. Something extraordinary happened in that hospital.A man,who was declaredclinically dead,suddenly____.A.returned to lifeB.restored to lifeC.came to lifeD.survived54. They are glad to see the children____in the day?care center.A.well taken careB.being well taken care ofC.well looked afterD.being well looked after55. She is a woman of rare gifts.Her performance last night was indeed very____.A.impressedB.impressiveC.impressingD.impression56. The road being built was scheduled to____traffic on May Day.A.be close toB.be closed toC.be open toD.be opened to57. It was more than fifteen years ago____I entered the laboratory of Professor Agassiz.A.whenB.thatC.in whichD.since58. ____than it began raining.A.Hardly had he reached homeB.Hardly did he reach homeC.No sooner did he reach homeD.No sooner had he reached home59. The man's life____if he had been sent to a better hospital.A.might have been savedB.may have been savedC.was to be savedD.should be saved60. Everybody looked____the direction of the explosion.A.toB.fromC.inD.into61. This is a____young writer.He has published quite a few good stories inrecent years.A.promisedB.looking forwardC.promisingD.clever62. The doctor insists that the patient____.A.must be operatedB.should be operatedC.be operated onD.needs operating on63. It sounds as if the telephone____.A.were ringingB.was ringing.C.has being ringingD.is ringing64. The family looked on helplessly as their house____.A.burning downB.was burned downC.was burning downD.burned down65. What is the____language in India?A.officeB.officialC.officiallyD.officer66. He____twenty times,striking a match each time to look at his old watch.A.had wakedB.was awakeC.must have wakedD.was waken67. There he bought____chocolate for his daughter,and thenhe had____beers in the bar not far from the school.A.a bar of...a couple ofB.a piece of...a bottle ofC.a dozen of...a couple ofD.a cubic of...a tin of68. With his big fleshy nose he____his grandpa.A.looks likeB.takes afterC.looks afterD.resembles69. The ____majority were in support of this bill so it was passed withoutmuch difficulty.A.overflowingB.overtakingC.overloadingD.overwhelming70. The actress____the terms of her contract and was sued by the producer.A.isolatedB.signedC.implementedD.violatedPart Ⅳ Translation from English into Chinese (15 minutes)Directions:In this part,there are five items which you should translate into Chinese,each item consisting of one or two sentences.These sentences are all taken from the reading passages you have just read in Part Three of the Test Paper.You are allowed 15 minutes to do the translation.You should refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.71.(Passage 1 Para.1)They were rather afraid to tell in case they frightened people.72. (Passage 2 Para.1)Now largely through problems caused by modern life,their existence is threatened by the slow,steady spread of the earth's deserts.73. (Passage 3 Para.1)Because of modern technology like thesatellite that travel around the world,information travels fast.74. (Passage 4 Para.1)We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society.75. (Passage 4 Para.1)They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to abehavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide.Par t Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes)Directions:〖YY)〗〖WTBZ〗For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition with the title ON Friendship.Your composition should be no less than 120 words.Remember to write your composition neatly.You should also base your composition on the outline below.1.The need for friends2.True friendship3.My principle in making friends参考答案1、短文大意1967年人类收到了一些太空信号。
大学英语英语四级模拟题(包含答案) (1)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. Although he had looked through all the reference material on the subject, he still found it hard to understand this point and her explanation only _____ to his confusion.A. extendedB. amountedC. addedD. turned2. Although he is over 60 now, he still cannot forget the traffic accident30 years ago of which his ________ is really a miracle.A. escapeB. survivalC. runawayD. victim3. Although he is very rich, his undutiful children are the _______ of his life.A. torchB. tormentC. topicD. topper4. Although I spoke to him many times, he never took any _______ of whatI said.A. noticeB. remarkC. observationD. attention5. Although most birds have only a negligible sense of smell, they have _______vision.A. vigorousB. exactC. acuteD. vivid6. Ms Simms is very sensitive ______ criticism.A. ofB. inC. toD. on7. It is an exception ________ the rules.A. ofB. inC. againstD. to8. She solved the problem _________a stroke.A. onB. ofC. atD. through9. Death always taken us _________ surprise, even though we know it is inevitable.A. inB. out ofC. byD. through10. The lady insists on her constitutional right _______ a passport in her maiden name.A. onB. toC. intoD. that11. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, _______ the behavior of a animal depends mainly on instinct.A. whereasB. soC. unlessD. that12. Wood furniture does not depreciate in value _______ properly handled and protecteD.A. ifB. hasC. andD. that13. Although much is done to supply enough for everyone, ______ of foodwill long be a world problem.A. lackB. shortageC. absenceD. decline14. Archaeologists ______ the walls of the old city at a depth of several metres below the surface.A. determinedB. locatedC. provedD. defined15. A large ___ of money is spent on import every year.A. accountB. amountC. numberD. quality16. Whether we are feeling happy or sad, ____ our emotions will make us feel more relaxeD.A. shareB. sharedC. sharingD. to sharing17. _____ that the whole roof was blown off.A. So terrible the storm may beB. So terribly the storm may beC. So terrible was the stormD. So terribly was the storm18. ---Let’s go for a walk.---Yes, today’s weather isn’t as cold as it was yesterday, ____?A. wasn’t itB. was itC. isn’t itD. is it19. --- How much is the desk?---it__ninety-nine pounds.( )A. costsB. Pays toC. spendsD. Takes is20. I am afraid I won't be able to keep in touch__him.( )A. To goB. For ifC. withD. By too二、单词拼写（共计15分）1.Mr. Li moved to the seashore in his f______(四十来岁).2.H______(听到) the good news, we all jumped with joy.3．Before _______________ (冒险), you should balance the benefits as well as the dangers.4．The unique design of the hotel can make the customers ________ ________ ________.(不拘束) (根据汉语提示完成句子）5．________ ________ (一般来说), diligence can lead to positive results. (根据汉语提示完成句子）三、阅读理解：(共30分)If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system arecapable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan. Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon. When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.A.foodB.oilC.spaceD.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because_____A.it might be possible to change its atmosphereB.its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sC.there is a good supply of water on VenusD.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.A.waterB.carbon dioxideC.carbon monoxideD.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.A.live in very hot temperaturesB.live in very cold temperaturesC.manufacture oxygenD.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.A.the algae have done their workB.the atmosphere becomes coolerC.thereis oxygenD.it rains there四、书面表达：请起草一份通知，用一段话说明以下要点：参观日期： 3月25日，星期天时间：早上8点钟出发。
大学英语英语四级(含答案) (1)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1.She wants to know whether the measures have been agreed______.A.toB.withC.aboutD.upon2.He felt it rather difficult to make a stand_____the opinion of the majority.A.againstB.byC.toD.in3.When my aunt lost her cat last summer,it turned______a week later at a house in the next village.A.inB.outC.upD.over4.To our delight,she quickly adapted herself_______this situation.A.withB.ofC.toD.into5.If there is space available,the deadline for applying________an undergraduate college or school may be extended.A.inB.onC.forD.to6.The TV station probably will be back_______no earlier than this afternoon because of difficulties in locating a part.A.in the airB.on the airC.in airD.to the air7.He is indifferent______hardships and dangers.A.ofB.atC.inD.to8.You can't go_______your promise now;we are depending on you.A.back ofB.back onC.off withD.out of9.I knew her______but I have never actually spoken to her.A.from sightB.in sightC.by sightD.on sight10.Sugar is good_______most people,but harmful________diabetics.A.for,toB.to,forC.for,inD.to,with11.You don't have to worry________we are here.A.whileB.even ifC.thoughD.until12.The teachers whispered_______they should disturb the students.A.in order thatB.provided thatC.in caseD.with the result that13.The reason for my long absence from class was______I was ill for 2weeks.A.thatB.due toC.becauseD.why14.John is probably the most popular masculine name in the Western world, _____it is spelled differently in different languages.A.in spite ofB.ifC.whenD.although15.______so-called"art"or"serious"music,modern jazz is not completely written down before it is played.A.AsB.UnlikeC.AlikeD.Not as16.I shall be busy next Monday,I______classes the whole morning and _______a lecture in the afternoon.A.have,attend C.would have,would attendB.am having,would attend D.shall be having,shall be attending17.The boss ordered that the goods______delivered at once.A.would beB.beC.must beD.were18.Every morning my little dog is the first____up at my bed and gentiy wake me up.()A.Turns isB.to turnC.Turn toD.turning19.--i introduce myself?My name is Meg Johnson.()Nice to meet you,Mr.Johnson.A.Must isB.ShouldC.Need netD.Mays20.The boss made them.___ten hours day.()A.worked toB.workingC.workD.to work二、翻译（共5小题，每小题3分；共计15分）1、所有的窗户都开着，他就睡着了。
大学英语四级模拟题01及答案
Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Western Festival: Welcome or Reject? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1. 西方的节日越来越深的影响着许多中国年青人的生活。
2. 有人认为西方的节日使很多中国的传统日益淡化。
3. 你的观点。
Western Festival: Welcome or Reject?Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY(for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N(for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG(for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Our dreams combine verbal, visual and emotional stimuli into a sometimes broken, nonsensical but often entertainingstory line. We can sometimes even solve problems in our sleep. Or can we? Many experts disagree on exactly what the purpose of our dreams might be. Are they strictly random brain impulses, or are our brains actually working through issues from our daily life while we sleep -- as a sortof coping mechanism? Should we even bother to interpret our dreams? Many say yes, that we have a great deal to learn from our dreams.Why do we Dream?For centuries, we've tried to figure out just why our brains play these nightly shows for us. Early civilizations thought dream worlds were real, physical worlds that they could enter only from their dream state. Researchers continue to toss around many theories about dreaming. Those theories essentially fall into two categories:● The idea that dreams a re only physiological stimulations● The idea that dreams are psychologically necessaryPhysiological theories are based on the idea that we dream in order to exercise various neural connections that some researchers believe affect certain types of learning. Psychological theories are based onthe idea that dreaming allows us to sort through problems, events of the day or things that are requiring a lot of our attention. Some of these theorists think dreams might be prophetic. Many researchers andscientists also believe that perhaps it is a combination of the two theories.Dreaming and the BrainWhen we sleep, we go through five sleep stages. The first stage isa very light sleep from which it is easy to wake up. The second stage moves into a slightly deeper sleep, and stages three and four represent our deepest sleep. Our brain activity throughout these stages is gradually slowing down so that by deep sleep, we experience nothing but delta brain waves -- the slowest brain waves. About 90 minutes after we go to sleep and after the fourth sleep stage, we begin REM sleep.Rapid eye movement (REM) was discovered in 1953 by University of Chicago researchers Eugene Aserinsky, a graduate student in physiology, and Nathaniel Kleitman, Ph.D., chair of physiology. REM sleep isprimarily characterized by movements of the eyes and is the fifth stage of sleep.How to Improve Your Dream RecallIt is said that five minutes after the end of a dream, we have forgotten 50 percent of the dream's content. Ten minutes later, we've forgotten 90 percent of its content. Why is that? We don't forget our daily actions that quickly. The fact that they are so hard to remember makes their importance seem less.There are many resources both on the Web and in print that willgive you tips on how to improve your recall of dreams. Those who believe we have a lot to learn about ourselves from our dreams are big proponents of dream journals. Here are some steps you can take to increase your dream recall:● When you go to bed, t ell yourself you will remember your dreams.● Set your alarm to go off every hour and half so you'll wake up around the times that you leave REM sleep -- when you're most likely to remember your dreams. (Or, drink a lot of water before you go to bed to ensure you have to wake up at least once in the middle of the night!)● Keep a pad and pencil next to your bed.● Try to wake up slowly to remain within the "mood" of your last dream. Common Dream Themes and Their Interpretations● Being naked in publ icMost of us have had the dream at some point that we're at school, work or some social event, and we suddenly realize we forgot to put on clothes! Experts say this means: ◆ We're trying to hide something (and without clothes we have a hard time doing that).◆ We're not prepared for something, like a presentation or test (and now everyone is going to know -- we're exposed!).If we're naked but no one notices, then the interpretation is that whatever we're afraid of is unfounded. If we don't care that we're naked, the interpretation is that we're comfortable with who we are.● FallingYou're falling, falling, falling... and then you wake up. This is a very common dream and is said to symbolize insecurities and anxiety. Something in your life is essentially out of control and there isnothing you can do to stop it. Another interpretation is that you have a sense of failure about something. Maybe you're not doing well in schoolor at work and are afraid you're going to be fired or expelled. Again, you feel that you can't control the situation.● Being chasedThe ever-popular chase dream can be extremely frightening. What it usually symbolizes is that you're running away from your problems. What that problem is depends on who is chasing you. It may be a problem at work, or it may be something about yourself that you know is destructive. For example, you may be drinking too much, and your dream may be telling you that your drinking is becoming a real problem.● Taking an exam (or forgetting that you have one)This is another very common dream. You suddenly realize you are supposed to be taking an exam at that very moment. You might be running through the hallways and can't find the classroom. This type of dreamcan have several variations that have similar meanings. (Maybe your pen won't write, so you can't finish writing your answers.) What experts say this may mean is that you're being scrutinized about something or feel you're being tested -- maybe you're facing a challenge you don't think you're up to. You don't feel prepared or able to hold up to the scrutiny. It may also mean there is something you've neglected that you know needs your attention.● FlyingMany flying dreams are the result of lucid dreaming (清醒梦). Notall flying dreams are, however. Typically, dreaming that you are flying means you are on top of things. You are in control of the things thatmatter to you. Or, maybe you've just gained a new perspective on things. It may also mean you are strong willed and feel like no one and nothing can defeat you. If you are having problems maintaining your flight, someone or something may be standing in the way of you having control. If you are afraid while flying, you may have challenges that you don't feel up to.● Running, but going now hereThis theme can also be part of the chasing dream. You're trying to run, but either your legs won't move or you simply aren't going anywhere -- as if you were on a treadmill (踏车). According to some, this dream means you have too much on your plate. You're trying to do too many things at once and can't catch up or ever get ahead.1. This passage mainly discusses different theories about why we have dreams at night.2. Early theories held that dreams were reflection of people’s real, physical worlds.3. According to physiological theories, dreaming allows us to sort through problems or events of the day that require our attention.4. REM occurs at the third and fourth stage during which we experience the deepest sleep.5. The reason why dreams do not seem important is that they are very difficult to remember.6. Trying to get recorded what you said or did in your dream can help increase your dream recall.7. If a person dreams he is naked but is not noticed by others, it means what he is afraid of is groundless.1.[Y][N][NG]2.[Y][N][NG]3.[Y][N][NG]4.[Y][N][NG]5.[Y][N][NG]6.[Y][N][NG]7.[Y][N][NG]8. You re falling, falling, falling in your dream, which is said to symbolize .9. Being chased in a dream usually means that you’re escaping from your .10. One of the interpretations for flying dreams is that you are and nothing can defeat you.Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank followingthe passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.A department store’s inputs include the l and upon which the building is located, the labor of the employees, (47) ______ in the form of building, equipment and merchandise, and the management skills of the store managers. On a farm, the operation system is the transformation that occurs when a fa rmer’s (48) ______ (land, equipment, labor, etc.) are converted into such outputs as corn, wheat or milk. The exact form of the conversion process (49) ______ from industry to industry, but it is an (50) ______phenomenon that exists in every industry. Economists refer to this (51) ______ of resources into goods and services as the production function. For all operation systems, the general goal is to create some kind of value-added outputs that are worth more to consumers than just the sum of the inputs. To the consumers, the resulting products (52) ______ utility due to the form, the time, or the place of their availability from the conversion process.However, the process is subject to random changes. Unplanned or uncontrollable influences may cause the actual output to differ from planned output. Random fluctuations can arise from external disruption(fire, floods or lightning, for example) or from (53) ______ problems inherent in the conversion process. Inherent variability of equipment, material imperfections, and human errors all affect output quality (54)______. In fact, random variations are the rule rather than the exception in production processes; therefore, (55) _____ variation becomes a major management task.The function of the feedback is to provide (56) ______ linkages. Without some feedback of information, management personnel cannot control operations because they don' t know the results of their directions.A) offerB) capitalC) mediumD)difficultE) variesF) differentlyG) proposalH) transformation I) beautifullyJ) economicK) reducingL) internalM) inputsN) affordO) informationSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured(施肥)a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillarsin the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatestnumber of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized.Animals fight; so do savages (野蛮人); hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently --- this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done --- is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And it not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or disabled. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets --- while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life --- nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.57. In the opening sentence the author indicates that ________.A) most history books were written by conquerors, generals and soldiers.B) those who truly helped civilization forward is rarely mentioned in history books.C) history books focus more on conquerors than on those who helped civilization forward.D) conquerors, generals and soldiers should not be mentioned in history books.58. In the author’s opinion, the countries that rul ed over a large number of other countries are ________.A) certainly both the greatest and the most civilizedB) neither the most influential nor the most civilized.C) possibly the most civilized but not the most powerful.D) likely the greatest in some sense but not the most civilized.59. The meaning of “That is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.”(Last sentence of Paragraph 2) is that________.A) those who fight believe that the winner is right and the loser wrong.B) only those who are powerful have the right to go to war.C) those who are right should fight against those who are wrong.D) in a war only those who are powerful will win.60. In the third paragraph, what the author wants to convey to us is that ________.A) World War I and World War II are different from previous wars.B) our age is not much better than those of the past.C) modern time is not so civilized compared with the past.D) we have fought fewer wars but suffered heavier casualties.61. This passage is most likely taken from an article entitled________.A) War and World PeaceB) Creators of CivilizationC) Civilization and HistoryD) Who Should Be RememberedPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the massacre on the road may be regarded as a social problem.In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmlesspeople or ordinary people acting carelessly, you might say. But it is a principle both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one's actions could bring death or damage to others.A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence. Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 per cent ofall automobile accidents can be attributed to the psychologicalcondition of the driver. Emotional upsets can distort drivers' reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be evident. The experts warn that it is vital for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one's emotions under control.Yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem is not confined to drivers. Street walkers regularly violate traffic regulations; they are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents. And many cyclists even believe that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years. Safety standards for vehicle have been raised bothat the point of manufacture and through periodic road-worthiness inspections. In addition, speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures, the accident rate has decreased. But the accident expertsstill worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting solution, say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constantcare and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things pose a threat to those with whom they share the road.62. The word “massacre” in line 3 paragraph one means _____A) mass-killing. B) disaster. C) tragedy. D) accident.63. What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?A) To show that the motor vehicle is a very dangerous invention.B) To promote understanding between careless drivers and street walkers.C) To discuss traffic problems and propose possible solutions.D) To warn drivers of the importance of safe driving.64. According to the passage, traffic accidents may be regarded asa social problem because _____.A) autos have become most destructive to mankindB) people usually pay little attention to law and moralityC) civilization brings much harm to peopleD) the lack of virtue is becoming more severe65. Why does the author mention the psychological condition of the driver in Paragraph Three?A) To give an example of the various reasons for road accidents.B) To show how important it is for drivers to be emotionally healthy.C) To show some of the inaccurate estimations by researchers.D) To illustrate the hidden tensions in the course of driving.66. Who are NOT mentioned as being responsible for the road accidents?A) Careless bicycle-riders.B) Mindless people walking in the street.C) Irresponsible drivers.D) Irresponsible manufactures of automobiles.Part V Cloze(15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Today the world's economy is going through two great changes, both bigger than an Asian financial crisis here or a European monetary union there.The first change is that a lot of industrial_67_is moving from the United States, Western Europe and Japan to _68 _countries in Latin America, South-East Asia and Eastern Europe. In 1950, the United States alone _69_ for more than half of the world's economy output. In 1990,its _70_ was down to a quarter. By 1990, 40% of IBM's employees werenon-Americans; Whirlpool, America's leading _71_ of domestic appliances, cut its American labor force _72_ 10%. Quite soon now, many big western companies will have more _73_ (and customers) in poor countries than in rich _74_ . The second great change is _75_, in the rich countries of the OECD, the balance of economic activity is _76_ from manufacturing to _77_. In the United States and Britain, the _78_ ofworkers in manufacturing has _79_ since 1900 from around 40% to barely half that_80_ in Germany and Japan, which rebuilt so many _81_ after 1945, manufacturing's share of jobs is now below 30%. The effect of the _82 is increased _83_ manufacturingmoves from rich countries to the developing ones, _84_ cheap labor _85_ them a sharp advantage in many of the _86_ tasks required by mass production.67. A. product B. production C. products D. productivity68. A. other B. small C. capitalistic D. developing69. A. accounted B. occupied C. played D. shared70. A. output B. development C. share D. economy71. A. state B. consumer C. representative D. supplier72. A. by B. at C. through D. in73. A. products B. market C. employees D. changes74. A. one B. ones C. times D. time75. A. what B. like C. that D. how76. A. ranging B. varying C. swinging D. getting77. A. producing B. products C. servicing D. services78. A. proportion B. number C. quantity D. group79. A. changed B. gone C. applied D. shrunk80. A. Furthermore B. Even C. Therefore D. Hence81. A. armies B. weapons C. factories D. countries82. A. question B. manufacturing C. shift D. rebuilding83. A. with B. as C. given D. if84. A. while B. whose C. who's D. which85. A. give B. is giving C. gives D. gave86. A. repetitive B. various C. creative D. enormousPart Ⅵ Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentence on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87. (任何国家无论在什么情况下都不可以) have the right to use nuclear weapons.88. It’s essential that (他把一切准备好) before the examination .89. The population of America is not large (与中国相比).90. The beggar accepted the one-dollar note (甚至连一声谢谢都没说).91. Life is full of risks (不论你是否喜欢).答案Part 1 作文:(略)Part 2 快速阅读1. N2. Y3. N4. N5. Y6. NG7. Y8. insecurities and anxiety 9. problems 10.strong willedPart 3 听力Section A(11-15) BBBBB (16-20) CDDCD (21-25)CCCBCSection B(26-30) CDBAB (31-35) DDBBCSection C36. topic 37. exaggerated 38. confusing 39. compete40. application 41. handling 42. widespread 43. calculation44. Another example of the same sort of process has been the use of computers by banks to provide up-to-date records of client’s accounts.45. The most successful example is perhaps the use of computers by airlines to control seat reservation an provide information about flights.46. One could take a series of photographs of the area, from which, the amount of rise and fall of the landscape can be analyzed within a few inches.Part 4 阅读(Reading in Depth)Section A(47-51)B) capital; M) inputs; E) varies; J) economic; H) transformation(52-56)A) offer ; L) internal ; F)differently ; k) reducing; O) information; Section B(57-61)BDABC (62-66)ACBBDPart 5 完型(67-76) BDACD ACBCB (77-86) DADBC CBBCAPart 6 翻译87. Under no circumstances should any nation88. get everything ready89. as compared with that of China90. without so much as saying thanks91. whether you like it or not。
四级模拟试题试卷及答案
四级模拟试题试卷及答案一、听力理解（共30分）1. A) 根据所听内容，选择正确答案。
A. 他今天没有参加会议。
B. 他参加了会议，但迟到了。
C. 他没有迟到，但错过了会议。
D. 他准时参加了会议。
[答案] B2. B) 根据对话内容，回答以下问题。
What is the woman going to do this weekend?A. Go shopping.B. Visit her parents.C. Stay at home.D. Attend a concert.[答案] B3. C) 根据短文内容，完成句子。
The speaker is talking about _______.A. the importance of environmental protection.B. the latest technology in smartphones.C. the benefits of regular exercise.D. the history of a famous city.[答案] A二、阅读理解（共40分）1. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Passage 1[文章内容]...Questions:41. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The history of the company.B. The development of the company.C. The company's products.D. The company's management.[答案] B42. According to the passage, what did the company do last year?A. It expanded its market.B. It reduced its staff.C. It increased its profits.D. It launched a new product.[答案] A2. 阅读下列短文，回答后面的问题。
大学英语四级模拟试题及答案
大学英语四级模拟试题及答案一、单选题（共25题，共50分）1.Yesterday was such a ____ day we decided to go for a drive.A.gloriousB.dynamicalC.avenueD.invitationABCD正确答案：A2.That is ___ behavior and nobody likes it.A.whistleB.structuralC.selfishD.furABCD正确答案：C3.During these ten years, many new methods have been ___ in thefield of foreign language teaching.A.adoptedB.adaptedC.alarmedD.aidedABCD正确答案：A4.I am afraid it was a ____ for you to do this.A.botherB.bitterC.bakeD.bandABCD正确答案：A5.That radio company is so big that it has a lot of ____ in foreign countries.A.introducersB.instructorsC.conductorsD.agentsABCD正确答案：D6.That is a ____ point of view. I don’t agree with youA.crystalB.proteinC.unionD.conservativeABCD正确答案：D7.This supermarket developed rapidly under his _____.A.administrationB.suggestionC.approachD.appearanceABCD正确答案：A8.Under no _____ will I go there again.A.circumstancesB.situationC.giantD.happenABCD正确答案：A9.If you want a pen, look inside the _____ of the desk.A.boxB.drawerC.majorD.meltABCD正确答案：B10.I certainly didn ’t intend to _____ your plans.A.upsetB.shakeC.shaveD.dragABCD正确答案：A11.What they are ____ about is which comes first: the chicken or the egg?A.summingB.strikingC.stirringD.arguingABCD正确答案：D12.We all ____ your coming to help us.A.appropriateB.appreciateC.admitD.affectABCD正确答案：BI never realized that someday I would be married to a ___.A.moleculeB.oxygenC.geniusD.rugABCD正确答案：C14.Milk,butter,and cheese are ____ here from the farms.A.importedB.transferredC.transformedD.transportedABCD正确答案：D15.I ’m worried about the appearance of the floor. I need to _____ it.A.cleanB.fixC.waxD.ovenABCD正确答案：C16.Everyone ____ the right to his own opinion.A.imitatesB.requestsC.deservesD.outlinesABCD正确答案：C17.Would he have seen you if you hadn’t _____ to him?A.intendedB.wavedC.expressedD.debtABCD正确答案：B18.Rock music usually ____ the young people in most countries.A.applies toB.appeals toC.amazesD.actressABCD正确答案：B19.This is the military ____. Nobody is allowed to get in without permission.A.bondB.zoneC.butterD.zooABCD正确答案：B20.This sick man was _____ in a blanket.A.inputB.issuedC.ensuredD.wrappedABCD正确答案：D21.You have your choice of three _____ of ice cream.A.varietiesB.topsC.respectsD.decksABCD正确答案：A22.He gave us a good ____ of his experience.A.demonstrationB.frequencyC.descriptonABCD正确答案：C23.This mountain range has many high _____ and fertile valleys.A.peaksB.hillsC.phaseD.pinkABCD正确答案：A24.His proposal is _____ to all of us and you do not need to tell us more about it.A.apparentB.appearingC.approachingD.apartABCD正确答案：A25.Two lines can form an infinite number of ______.A.anklesB.anglesC.angelsD.adultsABCD。
2023年大学英语四级模拟试题附答案
2023最新大学英语四级模拟试题（一）Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Popularity of Getting Certificates on Campus. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1.大学校园内多种证书旳报考十分火热2.大学生考证旳利弊3.考证面前，我旳选择The Popularity of Getting Certificates on CampusPart ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Main Energies for the BodyA balanced diet is one that provides an adequate intake of energy and nutrients for maintenance of the body and therefore good health. A diet can easily be adequate for normal bodily functioning, yet may not be a balanced diet.CarbohydratesCarbohydrates are a rapid source of energy, they are the body's fuel. The bulk of a balanced diet should be made from carbohydrates. If eaten in an excess of the dietary requirements carbohydrates are easily stored as fats in the cells, although carbohydrate is the first source of energy in the body. An average adult requires about 12,000kJ of energy a day, most of this is supplied by the respiration of carbohydrates in the cells.Carbohydrates are used principally as a respiratory substrates, i.e. to be oxidized to release energy for active transport, macromolecule synthesis, cell division and muscle contraction. Carbohydrates are digested in the duodenum and ileum and absorbed as glucose into cells. Sources of carbohydrates such as starch are rice, potatoes, wheat and other cereals. Sugars are also carbohydrates, sources of sugars are refined sugar - sucrose, which is a food sweetener and preservative and fruit sugars - fructose. If the diet lacks carbohydrate stores of fat are mobilized and used as an energy source.ProteinsProtein is not a direct source of energy in the body, it is used primarily for growth and repair of body tissues while remaining an energy source as a last resort. Proteins fulfill a wide variety of roles in the body. They are broken down in the stomach and intestines to amino acids which are then absorbed. The body can only form 8 amino acids to build proteins from, the diet must provide Essential Amino Acids (EAAs) which are synthesized into proteins which can be structural, i.e. collagen in bone, keratin in hair, myosin and actinin muscle; metabolic enzymes, hemoglobin, protective antibodies and communicative hormones.Sources of protein include meat, fish, eggs and pulses. The diet needs to provide 8 EAAs as the body is unable to synthesis proteins without these molecules. 2 other amino acids are synthesized from EAAs so if the diet lacks the original EAAs these other two will not be present either. Phenylalanine is converted to tyrosine and methionine is converted to cysteine. Cells draw upon a pool of amino acids for protein synthesis which either come from dietary protein digested and absorbed in the gut and the breakdown of body protein such as muscle. However, unlike fats and carbohydrates there is no store of amino acids for cells to draw on, any amino acid in excess of immediate bodily requirements is broken down into urea and excreted. It is therefore important to maintain the dietary intake of protein everyday. If the body lacks protein, muscle wasting occurs as muscle is broken down.If protein is lacked in a diet a person develops kwashiorkor which is caused when high levels of carbohydrates are eaten to overcome the lack of protein in the diet. One symptom of kwashiorkor is the abnormal collection of fluid around the abdomen due to the lack of protein in the blood. The body cannot retain water by osmosis and fluid accumulates in tissues causing them to become waterlogged.Vitamin CategoriesVitamins cannot be synthesized by the body so must be supplied by diet. Vitamins have no common structure or function but are essential in small amounts for the body to be able to utilize other dietary components efficiently.Vitamins fall into two categories, fat soluble vitamins such as vitamin A, D, E and K which are ingested with fatty foods and water soluble vitamins such as the B group vitamins and vitamin C. Vitamins are known as micronutrients because only small quantities are required for a healthy diet, in fact fat soluble vitamins can be toxic in high concentrations, for example the body stores vitamin A, or retinol, in the liver as it is toxic if kept in high concentrations in the blood stream, a dose of more than 3300mg of vitamin A can be considered toxic. Water soluble vitamins such as vitamin C and B groups vitamins can be excreted in the urine if in excess in the diet.Vitamins AVitamin A is essential to the proper functioning of the retina in the eye and the epithelial tissues. A lack of vitamin A results in dry, rough skin, inflammation of the eyes, a drying or scarring of the cornea - xerophthalmia, which occurs when the secretion of lubricating tears is stopped, the eyelids become swollen and sticky with pus. Mucous surfaces of the eye may become eroded allowing infection to set in, leading to ulceration and destruction of the cornea. Night blindness - an inability to see in dim light can also occur. Rod cells in the retina of the eye detect light of low intensity, they convert vitamin A into a pigment, rhodopsin, which is bleached when light enters the eye. Rod cellsresynthesis rhodopsin, but if there is a deficiency of the vitamin, rod cells can no longer function and the result is night blindness. Epithelial cells use retinol to make retinoic acid, an intracellular messenger used in cell differentiation and growth. Without retinoic acid epithelial cells are not maintained properly and the body becomes susceptible to infections, particularly measles and infections of the respiratory system and gut.Xenophthalmia is common among children who's diets consist of mainly cereals with little meat or fresh vegetables, this is common in Indonesia, Bangladesh, India and the Philippines.Vitamins DVitamin D, or calciferol, is another fat soluble steroid vitamin which functions to stimulate calcium uptake from the gut and its deposition in bone. vitamin D acts as a hormone when converted by enzymes in the gut and liver into an active form of "active vitamin D", which stimulates epithelial cells in the intestine to absorb calcium. vitamin D is therefore essential in growing children's diets to enable the growth of strong bones. Without adequate amounts of vitamin D children can develop rickets, which is the deformation of the legs caused when they lack calcium to strengthen the bones. In adults a lack of vitamin D in the diet can lead to osteomalacia, a progressive softening of the bones which can make them highly susceptible to fracture.Vitamin D is made by the body when exposed to sunlight and is stored in the muscles, however, if the skin is rarely exposed to the sunlight or is dark little vitamin D is produced. Foods such as eggs and oily fish are all rich in vitamin D.Vitamins KVitamin K, phylloquinone, is found in dark green leafy vegetables such as spinach and kale. It is a fat soluble vitamin which is involved in the clotting process of blood. In the intestines bacteria synthesize a number of important clotting factors which need vitamin K. Without vitamin K cuts can fail to heal and internal bleeding can occur.Vitamins CVitamin C is a water soluble vitamin, known chemically as ascorbic acid. It is found in citrus fruits such as oranges and lemons, and also in potatoes and tomatoes. The main function of vitamin C is the formation of connective tissues such as collagen. It is also known to be an antioxidant which helps to remove toxins and aids the immune system. A lack of vitamin C leads to Scurvy, a condition experienced by sailors on long journeys when they did not have fruit in their diets. Scurvy causes painful, bleeding gums. As vitamin C is water soluble, it is not toxic in high doses as it can be excreted in the urine, very high doses can however cause diarrhea.Vitamins BB group vitamins have a wide range of roles acting as co-enzymes in metabolic pathways. They are found in most plant and animal tissues involved in metabolism,therefore foods such as liver, yeast and dairy products are all rich in B group vitamins. Deficiency of B group vitamins include dermatitis, fatigue and malformation of red blood cells.1. An adult needs about 12,000kJ of energy a day from ________.A. the cellB. the respiring process of carbohydratesC. fats in the cellD. a balanced diet2. Carbohydrates are ultimately absorbed into cells in the process of _______.A. digestionB. respirationC. oxidizationD. mobilization3. The Essential Amino Acids which build part of proteins can be obtained from______.A. stomachB. body tissuesC. the bodyD. the diet4. The ultimate cause of kwashiorkor is lack of ________.A. proteinB. carbohydratesC. vitaminsD. diet5. Vitamins are called “micronutrients” in that _________.A. excessive fat soluble vitamins can be excreted in the urineB. the body only requires small amount of vitaminsC. a dose of 3300mg of vitamins can be considered toxicD. the high concentrations of water soluble vitamins are toxic6. Night blindness is a disease normally caused by lack of __________.A. fat soluble vitaminsB. water soluble vitaminsC. vitamin AD. innate disability7. The main function of vitamin D is to prevent adults from ________.A. the growth of strong bonesB. fractureC. a progressive softening of the bonesD. calcium uptake from the gut8. Although the human body produces vitamin D normally, it fails to do so if there is not enough ______________.9. The reason why vitamin C is seen as an antioxidant is that it drives__________ out of the body.10. If you are in lack of B group vitamins, you should turn to _______________. Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) He thinks he’s very o rganized.B) He doesn’t want to join the display.C) He doesn’t think he should lead the study group.D) He knows someone who can lead the study group.12. A) He doesn’t know where his brother keeps his computer.B) The woman should buy a used computer.C) He doesn’t know how much computers cost.D) His brother paid too much for the computer.13. A) It’s been to warm to wear the jacket.B) The jacket is too big for him.C) He doesn’t like cold weather.D) He didn’t buy the jacket until cooler weather arrived.14. A) He started the semester in a bad mood.B) He’s not usually bad-tempered.C) He has few responsibilities.D) He doesn’t like the man.15. A) He forgot to cancel the reservation.B) They can go to the restaurant after the woman has finished working.C) He has to work late tonight.D) They don’t have a reservation at the restaurant.16. A) Use bleach on his socks.B) Buy new white socks.C) Wash his red T-shirt again.D) Throw away his pink socks.17. A) He isn’t satisfied with his progress.B) He wants to move up more quickly than he’s presently doing.C) He has advance quickly enough in his career.D) He feels frustrated as he tries to move up the ladder.18. A) Try on a smaller sweater.B) Look for another style at a different store.C) Give the sweater away as a gift.D) Exchange the sweater for a bigger one.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) She's unable to attend the study session.B) She has seen a doctor recently.C) She's concerned about medical care.D) She mentions the need for some medical tests.20. A) To improve the study skills of university students.B) To suggest changes in the student government.C) To give people the opportunity to speak with a politician.D) To discuss graduation requirements for political science majors.21. A) Graduate school application procedures.B) Funding for university education.C) Winning the confidence of voters.D) Preparing for an important test.22. A) Tell her what to study for the history test.B) Write a favorable letter of recommendation.C) Advise her about how to run an election campaign.D) Suggest a topic for a research paper.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) Boston schools.B) Frontier life.C) Teaching requirements.D) Immigration patterns.24. A) She was a famous author.B) Her family later became famous landowners.C) She exemplifies the immigrant spirit.D) She invented some labor-saving farm equipment.25. A) To the library.B) To the movies.C) To a bookstore.D) To a travel bureau.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some question. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C),and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) They were drawing pictures. B) They were watching TV.C) They were making a telephone call. D) They were tidying up the drawing room.27. A) They locked the couple up in the drawing room.B) They seriously injured the owners of the house.C) They smashed the TV set and the telephone.D) They took away sixteen valuable paintings.28. A) He accused them of the theft.B) He raised the rents.C) He refused to prolong their land lease.D) He forced them to abandon their traditions.29. A) They wanted to protect the farmers’ interests.B) They wanted to extend the reservation area for birds.C) They wanted to steal his valuable paintings.D) They wanted to drive him away from the island.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) Through food. B) Through air.C) Through insects. D) Through body fluids.31. A) They ran a high fever. B) They died from excessive bleeding.C) Their nervous system was damaged. D) They suffered from heart-attack.32. A) To see what happened to the survivors of the outbreak.B) To study animals that can also get infected with the disease.C) To find out where the virus originates.D) To look for the plants that could cure the disease.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) To determine whether the Earth’s temperature is going up.B) To study the behavior of some sea animals.C) To measure the depths of the ocean.D) To measure the movement of waves in the ocean.34. A) They were frightened and distressed.B) They swam away when the speaker was turned on.C) They swam closer to “examine” the speaker when it was turned off.D) They didn’t seem to be frightened and kept swimming near the speaker.35. A) To attract more sea animals to the testing site.B) To drive dangerous sea animals away from the testing site.C) To help trace the sea animals being tested.D) To determine how sea animals communicate with each other.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Dreams are a way for the subconscious to communicate with the __47__ mind. Dreaming of something you’re worried about, researchers say, is the brain’s way of helping you rehearse for a disaster in case it occurs. Dreaming of a challenge, like giving a presentation at work or playing sports, can enhance your __48__. And cognitive neuroscientists have discovered that dreams and the rapid eye movement (REM) that happens while you’re dreaming are __49__ to our ability to learn and remember. Dreaming is a “mood regulatory system,” says Rosalind Cartwright, PhD, chairman of the psychology __50__ at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago. She’s found that dreams help people work through the day’s emotional quandaries. “It’s like having a built-in therapist,” says Cartwright. While we sleep, dreams __51__ new emotional experience to old memories, creating plaid-like patterns of old images laid on top of new ones. As she puts it, “You may wake up and think, What was Uncle Harry doing in my dream? I haven’t seen him for 50years. But the old and new images are __52__ related.” It’s the job of the conscious mind to figure out the relationship. In fact, dream emotions can help real therapists treat patients __53__ traumatic (创伤旳) life events. In a new study of 30 recently __54__ adults, Cartwright tracked their dreams over a five-month period, measuring their feelings toward their ex-spouses. She discovered that those who were angriest at the spouse while dreaming had the best chance of successfully coping with divorce. “If their dreams were bland,” Cartwright says, “they hadn’t started to work through their emotions and __55__ with the divorce.” For therapists, this finding will help __56__ whether divorced men or women need counseling or have already dreamed their troubles away.A. dealB. physicallyC. wakeD. performanceE. makingF. undergoingG. experienceH. divorcedI. determineJ. compareK. departmentL. consciousM. presentationN. linkedO. emotionallySection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.A few years ago a young mother watched her husband diaper (给…换尿布) their firstborn son. “You do not have to be unhappy about it,” she protested. “You can talk to him and smile a little.” The father, who happened to be a psychologist, answered firmly, “He has nothing to say to me, and I have nothing to say to him.”Psychologist now know how wrong that father was. From the moment of birth, a baby has a great deal to say to his parents, and they to him. But a decade or so ago, these experts were describing the newborn as a primitive creature who reacted only by reflex, a helpless victim of its environment without capacity to influence it. And mothers acceptedthe truth. Most thought (and some still do) that a new infant could see only blurry (模糊旳) shadows, that his other senses were undeveloped, and that all he required was nourishment, clean diapers, and a warm bassinet.Today university laboratories across the country are studying newborns in their first month of life. As a result, psychologists now describe the new baby as perceptive, with remarkable learning abilities and an even more remarkable capacity to shape his or her environment including the attitudes and actions of his parents. Some researchers believe that the neonatal period may even be the most significant four weeks in an entire lifetime.Far from being helpless, the newborn knows what he likes and rejects what he doesn’t. He shut out unpleasant sensations by closing his eyes or averting his face. He is a glutton for novelty. He prefers animate things over inanimate and likes people more than anything.When a more nine minutes out, an infant prefers a human face to a head-shaped outline. He makes the choice despite the fact that, with delivery room attendants masked and gowned, he has never seen a human face before. By the time he’s twelve hours old, his entire body moves in precise synchrony (同步发生) to the sound of a human voice, as if he were dancing. A non-human sound, such as a tapping noise, brings no such response.57. The author points out that the father diapering his first-born son was wrong because________.A) he believed the baby was not able to hear himB) he thought the baby didn’t have the power of speechC) he was a psychologist unworthy of his professionD) he thought the baby was not capable of any response58. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A) A new infant can see only blurry shadows.B) A new infant’s senses are undevelopedC) All a new infant requires is nourishment, clean diapers, and a warm bassinet.D) A new infant is actually able to influence his or her environment59. What does the sentence “He is a glutton for novelty” probably mean?A) The newborn is greedy for new food.B) The newborn tends to overeat.C) The newborn always loves things that are new to him.D) The newborn’s appetite is a constant topic in no vels.60. According to the passage, it’s groundless to think that newbornsprefer________.A) a human face to a head-shaped outlineB) animate things to inanimate onesC) human voice to non-human soundsD) nourishment to a warm bassinet61. What is the passage mainly discussing about?A) What people know about newborns.B) How wrong parents are when they handle their babies.C) How much newborns have progressed in about a decade’s time.D) Why the first month of life is the most significant four weeks in a lifetime.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Mobile office is the mutual product of economic，scientific，and social progress.Mobile office has become a solution that provides users with convenient, prompt, safe, reliable, and reasonably priced communications and office faculty anywhere anytime via the support of mobile interconnection platform(MIP)and its applications systems. Using mobile office and WAP technology, people can do their work anywhere anytime, can send and receive data via terminals such as mobile phone, and palm computer, and can surf the Internet.When you leave your office to attend meetings or travel on business，what would happen to your business routine?Of course, faxes and e-mails would be still sent to your fax machine or e-mail box, but you cannot read them and make prompt reaction timely. When your clients need you to make some urgent modifications on your work and you are neither in the office nor carrying relevant documents, what can you do?Maybe you have to say “sorry” to the clients. But, your business will be affected，the clients will be unhappy and disappointed because of your delay，and you will lose a lot of business opportunities.In fact, very frequently, you need to check, reply, distribute, modify, or read some materials when you are not in your office. You must get out of this dilemma. The best solution to normally handle your business anywhere anytime and not to disappoint your clients is to let your office “move” with you. With the development of communications technology, mobile office has become simpler and smaller, and even can be realized via one mobile phone with data communications function. Thus, mobile office has already been put into your pocket, and office mobility has been realized.Mobile office has provided people with convenient, casual working environment, but at the same time it still has some unsatisfactory aspects such as mismatching equipment interface and inadequate battery. Nevertheless, we believe that with technical progress, people can certainly overcome all kinds of difficulties. Mobile office will realize the dream of completely free communication. Users will enjoy more colorful life and better working environment, and users’ living standard, working efficiency, and even enterprises’ production efficiency will certainly be immensely raised.注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上作答62. According to the passage, mobile office help you with the following except ________ .A) keeping update with the latest newsB) checking e-mails any time one wantsC) conducting internet surfingD) finding one’s true love in life63. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the second paragraph?A) You would lose a lot of business opportunities if you always delay your work.B) You should read and reply faxes and e-mail timely.C) When you leave your office your business routine might be damaged.D) When you cannot meet the need of your clients you should immediately say sorry.64. When you let your office “move” with you, you __________ .A) will never let your clients downB) you don’t have to stay at office anymoreC) you then find the best way to handle your business anywhere anytimeD) you no longer face the dilemma between work and life65. It can be inferred from the passage that __________ .A) mobile office communication is very cost-consumingB) with the development of science, mobile office has eventually come to our lifeC) people had no convenient and reliable communications and office faculty beforeD) economic factors are essential in the operation of mobile office66. According to the author, mobile office _________ .A) would help achieve complete communication mobilityB) is too expensive to afford by small companiesC) has some fatal defects impossible to modifyD) is too complicated to operate in everyday businessPart V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work, they have to read all kinds of materials. In _67_a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend _68_can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are _69_readers.Most of us develop poor reading _70_at an early age, and never get over them.The main deficiency _71_in the actual component of language itself-words. Take individually, words have _72_meaning until they are put together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs._73_, however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often turning back to _74_words or passages.。
大学英语四级精选模拟试卷及答案
大学英语四级考试精选模拟试卷（1）Part I Reading Comprehension(共20小题，每小题2分，共40分)Directions:In this part there are four passages.Each passage is followed by four comprehension questions.Read the passage and answer the questions.Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Passage1Questions1to5are based on the following passage:Do you want to say what you think in a letter to the President of the United States?You’ll get a reply from him—written in ink,not typed—after only a few days.The President gets about4,000letters every week.He answers everyone who writes to him on special Whites House paper.But he doesn’t need a lot of time for it.In fact,he only gives20minutes a week to look at his personal correspondence.He has the most modern secretary in the world to help him.It’s computer,worth￡800，000，which has its own rooms on the first floor of the White House. It has a bank of electronic pens which write like the President writes,in his favorite light blue ink.Each letter the President receives gets a number,according to the type of answer it needs.The pens then write the correct reply for it,according to the number.Each letter takes less than a second to write.A White House official said,“It’s not important that letters come from a computer.Each letter says what the President wants to say.”1.for a reply from the President.A.You have to wait a long timeB.You only have to wait several daysC.You have to wait at least one monthD.You only have to wait a few weeks2.The reply from the President.A.is always printedB.is always typedC.is always written in inkD.is always written by himself3.It takes the computer to write ten letters.A.no more than ten secondsB.a little more than ten secondsC.less than ten secondsD.at least one second4.The computer can be described as.A.expensive but efficientB.possessing a beautiful handwritingC.heavy and inefficientD.the President’s most reliable secretary5.It can be inferred from the passage that.A.the President never reads any letters written to him by ordinary peopleB.the President hires a very efficient secretary to deal with his correspondenceC.the President does not really care about the letters he receives every weekD.the President is assured that the computer express his views in the lettersPassage2Questions6to10are based on the following passage:In order to learn to be one’s true self,it is necessary to obtain a wide and extensive knowledge of what has been said and done in the world;critically to inquire into it;carefully to consider it;clearly to analyze it;and earnestly to carry it out.It matters not what you learn,but when you once learn a thing,you must never give it up until you have mastered it.It matters not what you inquire into,but when you once inquire into a thing, you must never give it up until you have thoroughly understood it.It matters not what you try to think out,but when you once try to think out a thing,you must never give it up until you have got what you want.It matters not what you try to carry out,but when you once carry out a thing,you must never give it up until you have don’t it thoroughly and well.If another man succeeds by one effort,you will use a hundred efforts.If another man succeeds by ten efforts,you will use a thousand.6.According to the author,first of all one must.A.analyzeB.inquireC.obtain knowledgeD.act7.According to the author,.A.learning is not importantB.thinking is not necessaryC.knowledge means littleD.it is not important what we learn8.The end of learning should be.A.thoughtB.masteryC.inquiryD.analysis9.According to the author,another man’s success should.A.make greater effortsB.make us nervousC.not be taken into considerationD.cause one to stop trying10.The author implies but does not say what.A.the way to knowledge is through specializationB.one has to know everything to be successfulC.success depends not so much on natural ability as it does on effortD.success in one’s profession is latest important in one’s lifePassage3Questions11to15are based on the following passage:About70million Americans are trying to loss weight.That is almost1out of every3people in the United States.Some people go on ideas.This means they eat less certain foods,especially fats and sugars.Other people exercise with especial equipment,take diet pills,or even have surgery.Losing weight is hard work,and it can also cost a lot of money.So why do so many people in the United States want to lose weight?Many people in the United States worry about not looking young and attractive.For many people, looking good also means being thin.Other people worry about their health.Many doctors say being overweight is not healthy.But are Americans really fat?Almost30million Americans weight at least20percent more than their ideal weight.In fact,the United State is the most overweight country in the wild.“The stored fat of adult Americans weight2.3trillion pounds,”saysUniversity of Massachusetts anthropologist(人类学家)George Armelagos.He says burning off that stored energy would produce enough power for900,000cars to go12,000miles.Losing weight is hard work,but most people want to find a fast and easy way to take off fat. Bookstores sell lots of diet books.These books tell readers how to lose weight.Each year,dozens of new books like these are written.Each one boasts to help people to get rid of fat.11.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way of losing weight?A.To eat less fats and sugars.B.To work hard.12.Many Americans are trying to lose weight because.A.they want to look attractiveB.they are misled by doctorsC.they want to keep fitD.both A and C13.The figures given in the second paragraph suggest that.A.Americans are dependent on carsB.cars consume a lot of moneyC.Americans need lose weightD.excess of fat can be a source of energy14.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that.A.diet books are not always effectiveB.diet books are usually helpfulC.there are lots of ways of losing weightD.bookstores are keeping their promises15.It can be concluded from the passage that.A.people think too much of their appearanceB.there is not a sure way of losing weight as yetC.surgery is the fastest way of losing weightD.going on diet is a safe way of losing weightPassage4Questions16to20are based on the following passage:I recently wrote an autobiography in which I recalled many old memories.One of them was from my school days,when our ninth grade teacher,Miss Raber,would pick out words from the Reader’s Digest to test our vocabulary.Today,more than45years later,I always check out“It pays to Enrich Your Word Power”first when the Digest comes each month.I am impressed with that idea,word power.Reader’s Digest knows the power that words have to move people—to entertain,inform,and inspire.The Digest editors know that the big word isn’t always the best word.Take just one example,a Quotable Quote form the February1985issue:”Time is a playful thing.It slips quickly and drinks the day like a bowl of milk.”Nineteen words,only two of them more than one syllable,yet how much they convey!That’s usually how it is with Reader’s Digest.Small and simple can be profound.As chairman of a foundation to restore the Statue of Liberty,I’ve been making a lot of speeches lately.I try to keep them fairly short.I use small but vivid words:words like“hope”,“guts”,“faith”,“dreams”.Those are words that move people and say so much about the spirit of America.Don’t get me wrong.I’m not against using big words,when it is right to do so,but I have also learned that a small word can work a small miracle—if it’s right word,in the right place,at the right time.It’s a“secret”that I hope never forget.16.The passage is mainly about.A.one of the many old memoriesing simple words to express profound ideasC.Reader’s Digest and school speechesD.how to make effective speeches17.It seems that Reader’s Digest is a magazine popular with.A.people of all agesB.teenagersC.school teachersD.elderly readers18.The example the author gives in the second paragraph might mean.A.one spends his day playing and drinkingB.don’t waste your time as one doesC.time slips easily if you don’t make good use of itD.time is just like drinking milk from a bowl19.The author’s“secret”is.A.to avoid using big words at any timeB.to use words that have the power to move peopleC.to work a miracle by using a small wordD.to use small and simple words where possible20.Accoeding to the author,well-chosen words can give people.A.hope,courage and ideasB.confidence,determination and strengthC.pleasure,knowledge and encourageD.entertainment,information and powerQuestions16to20are based on the following passage:People with disabilities comprise a large part of the population.It is estimated that over35 million Americans have physical,mental,or other disabilities.About half of these disabilities are“developmental”,i.e.,they occur prior to the individual’s twenty-second birthday,often form genetic conditions,and are severe enough to effect three or more areas of development,such as mobility,communication,employment,etc.Most other disabilities are considered “adventitious”,i.e.,accidental or caused by outside forces.Prior to the20th century,only a small percentage of people with disabilities survived for long. Medical treatment for these disabilities was unavailable.Advancements in medicine and social services have created a climate in which people with disabilities can expert to have such basic needs as food,shelter,and medical treatment.Unfortunately,these basic are often not available. Civil liberties such as the right to vote,marry,get an education,and again employment have historically been denied on the basic of disability.In recent decades,the disability rights movement has been organized to flight against these infringements(侵害)of civil rights.Congress responded by passing major legislation recognizing people with disabilities as protected class under civil rights statutes.Still today,people with disabilities must fight to live their lives independently.It is estimated that more than half of qualified Americans with disabilities are unemployed,and a majority of those who do work are underemployed.About two-thirds live at or below the official poverty level.Significant barriers,especially in transportation and public awareness,prevent disabled people from taking part in society.For example,while no longer prohibited by law from marrying,a person with no access to transportation is effectively excluded from community and social activities which might lead to the development of long-term relationships.It will only be when public attitudes advance as far as laws are that disabled people will be fully able to take to their right place in society.16.”developmental”disability.A.develops very slowly over timeB.is caused forcesC.occurs in youth and affects developmentD.is getting more and more severe17.Most disabled people used to die early because.A.disabilities destroyed major bodily functionsB.they were not very well looked afterC.medical techniques were not availableD.they were too poor to get proper treatment18.In the author’s opinion,to enable the disabled people to take their rightful place in society,.A.more laws should be passedB.public attitudes should be changedernment should provide more aidsD.more public facilities should be act up19.Which of the following cannot be inferred from the passage?A.Many disabled people may remain single for their whole life.B.The public tends to look down upon the disabled people.C.The disabled people feel inferior to those surrounding them.D.Discriminatory(有差别的)laws prevent the disabled from mixing with others.20.The best title for this passage might be.A.Handicaps of People with DisabilitiesB.The Difficulties of the DisabledC.The Causes for DisabilitiesD.Medical Treatments for DisabilitiesPart II Vocabulary and Structure(共40小题，每小题1分，共40分)Directions:In this part there are forty incomplete sentences.Each sentence is followed by four choices.Choose the one that best completes the sentence and then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.21.It’s still early in the morning.There isn’t in the office.A.anyoneB.everyoneC.nobodyD.any people22.is not known what they discussed in the meeting.A.ThatB.HeC.ThisD.It23.Yhe sad news broke her and she has been gloomy ever since.A.feelingsB.emotionsC.mindD.heart24.He is much of a gentleman to fight.A.soB.asC.veryD.too25.Not until this term to realize how important this subject is to his future career as a diplomat.A.he beganB.ha has begunC.did he beginD.that ha has begun26.who would like to go on the trip should put their names on the list.A.ThoseB.TheseC.SomebodyD.The ones27.A bottle weighs less after air is taken out,proves that air has weight.A.weB.itC.whichD.what28.How long?A.you suppose did it lastB.do you suppose it lastedC.did you suppose it lastD.you suppose it lasted29.Smmith had some trouble the man’s accent.A.to understandB.understandingC.for understandingD.with understanding30.The next few days could be for the peace negotiation.A.maximumB.practicalC.criticalD.urgent31.He quite a lot when he was young.ed to traveled to travelingC.was used to travelD.would used to travel32.You me your telephone number in case someone wants to contact you.A.had better giveB.had better givenC.had better to giveD.had better gave33.Mary used to the room with Linda.A.separateB.divideC.holdD.share34.—Must we hand in our exercise-books now?—No,you.A.mustn’tB.don’tC.needn’tD.can’t35.She pulled away from the window anyone should see them.A.lestB.even thoughC.unlessD.only if36.Not a has been found so far that can help the police find the criminal.A.factB.clueC.symbolD.sign37.She would make a teacher far superior the average.A.overB.thanC.beyondD.to38.Radio is different from television in it sends and receives pictures.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.this39.Tom and jack have returned but students of the group haven’t come back yet.A.otherB.the othersC.othersD.another40.It half a year since we to study in this university.A.is;comeB.is;have comeC.has been;cameD.has been;have come41.The fact that something is cheap doesn’t mean it is of low quality.A.necessarilyB.especiallyC.essentiallyD.practically42.They set off by car and the nearest town.A.made forB.made afterC.made outD.made to43.Take this baggage and you can find enough room.A.put it whichB.put it in whichC.put it at whereD.put it wherever44.He doesn’t want that he’s going away.A..to be knownB.him to be knownC.that to be knownD.it to be known45.The noise around was terrible,but I had to it.A.keep away fromB.keep up withC.live withD.live on46.He that his guests were bored,although they were listening politely.A.impressedB.sensedC.inferredD.identified47.On Sundays I prefer at home to out.A.to say;goB.stay;goingC.staying;goingD.staying;go48.I’d like to write to him,but what’s the?He never writes back.A.significanceB.businessC.pointD.purpose49.There were opinions as to the best location for the new school.A.disagreeingB.conflictingC.rejectingD.reverting50.by the news of his father’s death,he could hardly utter a word.A.To be stunnedB.StunnedC.To stunD.Stunning51.,we’d better make some changes in the plan.A.That is the caseB.That been the caseC.That to be the caseD.That being the case52.They have equipped the office with the business machines.stttertestter53.The police found that George had still another of income.A.originB.sourceC.basisD.means54.An open-minded teacher doesn’t always one single teaching method.A.set asideB.take overC.take onD.stick to55.Much to the student’s,the exam was postponed.A.burdenB.concernC.reliefD.requirement56.Children normally feel a lot of about their first day at school.A.anxietyB.differenceC.feelingsD.trouble57.The weather was hot that she decided to have the barber her hairstyle.A.rather;to changeB.so;changeC.much too;changeD.too;changed58.She meet her former instructor on the bus.A.delighted toB.happened toC.pleased toD.tended to59.Just as no two words are truly synonymous no two different expressions can mean exactly the same thing.A.ratherB.alsoC.yetD.so60.The new engineer’s suggestions were in the revised plan.A.entitledB.engagedC.embodiedD.estimatedPart III Cloze(共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)Directions:There are twenty blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices. Choose the one that best fits into the passage and then marks your answer on the Answer Sheet.Before the20th century the horse provided day to day transportation in the United States.Trains were used only for long-distance transportation.Today the car is the most popular61of transportation in all of the United States.It has completely 62the horse as a means of everyday transportation.Americans use their cars for6390percent of all personal64.Most Americans are able to65cars.The average price of a66made car was1050in1950,1740in1960and up to1750671975.During this period American car manufacturers set about68their products and work efficiency.As a result,the yearly income of the69family increased from1950to197570than the price of cars.For this reason71a new car takes a smaller72of a family’s total earnings today.In195173it took8.1months of an average family’s74to buy a new car.In1962a new car75 8.3of a family’s annual earnings.By1975it only took4.7576income.In addition,the1975 cars were technically77to models from previous years.The78of the automobile extends throughout the economy79the car is so important to Americans. Americans spend more money to80their cars running than on any other item.61.A.kinds B.means C.mean D.types62.A.denied B.reproduced C.replaced D.ridiculed63.A.hardly B.nearly C.certainly D.somehow64.A.trip B.works C.business D.travel65.A.buy B.sell C.race D.see66.A.quickly B.regularly C.rapidly D.recently67.A.on B.in C.behind D.about68.A.raising B.making C.reducing D.improving69.A.unusual B.interested C.average D.biggest70.A.slowest B.equal C.faster D.less than71.A.bringing B.obtain C.bought D.purchasing72.A.part B.half C.number D.side73.A.clearly B.proportionally C.percentage D.suddenly74.A.income B.work C.plans D.debtsed B.spend C.cost D.needed76.A.months’ B.dollars C.family D.year77.A.famous B.superior C.fastest D.purchasing78.A.running B.notice C.influence D.discussion79.A.then B.as C.so D.which80.A.start B.leave C.keep D.repairMethods of studying vary;what works61for some students doesn’t work at all for others.The only thing you can do is experiment62you find a system that does work for you.But one thing is sure:63else can do your studying for you.Meantime,there are a few rules that64for everybody. The hint is“doesn’t get65“.The problem of studying,66enough to start with,becomes almost67when you are trying to do68in one weekend.69the fastest readers have trouble70that.And if you are behind in written work that must be71,the teacher who accept it72late will probably not give you good credit.Perhaps he may not accept it73.Getting behind in one class because you are spending so much time on another is really no74.Feeling pretty virtuous about the seven hours you spend on chemistry won’t75one bit if the history teacher pops a quiz.And many freshmen do get into trouble by spending too much time on one class at the76of the others,either because they like one class much better or because they find it so much harder than they think,they should 77all their time to it.78the reason,going the whole work for one class and neglecting the rest of them is a mistake,if you face this79,begin with the shortest and easiest80.Get them out of the way and then go to the more difficult,time consuming work.61.A.good B.easily C.sufficiently D.well62.A.until B.after C.while D.so63.A.somebody B.nobody C.everybody D.anybody64.A.follow B.go C.operate D.work65.A.behind B.after C.slow ter66.A.hardly B.unpleasant C.hard D.heavy67.A.important B.necessary C.impossible D.inevitable68.A.three week’s work B.three week’s works C.Three weeks’work D.three week’s works69.A.Even B.Almost C.If D.With70.A.to do B.doing C.at doing D.with doing71.A.turned in B.tuned up C.turned out D.given in72.A.vary B.quite C.such D.too73.A.anyway B.either C.at all D.that74.A.solution B.method C.answer D.excuse75.A.help B.encourage C.assist D.improve76.A.expense B.pay C.debt D.charge77.A.devote B.put C.spend D.take78.A.Whichever B.Whatever C.However D.Wherever79.A.attraction B.decision C.temptation D.dilemma80.A.arrangements B.way C.assignments D.classPart IV Translation(共35分)Section A(共5小题，每小题4分，共20分)Directions:Translate the following sentences into Chinese.You may refer to the corresponding passages in Part I.81、It has a bank of electronic pens which write like the President writes,in his favorite light blue ink.(Passage One)82、In order to learn to be one’s true self,it is necessary to obtain a wide and extensive knowledge of what has been said and done in the world.(Passage Two)83、Almost30million Americans weight at least20percent more than their ideal weight.In fact, the United State is the most overweight country in the wild.(Passage Three)84、One of them was from my school days,when our ninth grade teacher,Miss Raber,would pick out words from the Reader’s Digest to test our vocabulary.(Passage Four)85、I’m not against using big words,when it is right to do so,but I have also learned thata small word can work a small miracle—if it’s right word,in the right place,at the right time. (Passage Four)84、About half of these disabilities are“developmental”,i.e.,they occur prior to the individual’s twenty-second birthday,often form genetic conditions,and are severe enough to effect three or more areas of development,such as mobility,communication,employment,etc. (Passage Four)85、It will only be when public attitudes advance as far as laws are that disabled people will be fully able to take to their right place in society.(Passage Four)Section B(共5小题，每小题3分，共15分)Directions:Translate the following sentences into English.86、他全神贯注在工作上，并没有听到任何人敲门。
英语4级模拟试题及答案
英语4级模拟试题及答案一、听力理解（共30分）1. A) 短对话理解根据所听内容，选择正确答案。
(1) What does the man want to do?A. Go to the library.B. Visit the museum.C. Watch a movie.(2) What is the woman's suggestion?A. To eat out.B. To cook at home.C. To order takeout.答案：1. C 2. A2. B) 长对话理解根据所听对话，回答下列问题。
(3) Why does the man feel stressed?(4) What will the woman do next?答案：3. He has a lot of work to do. 4. She will help the man with his work.3. C) 短文理解根据所听短文，回答以下问题。
(5) What is the main topic of the passage?(6) What does the speaker think of the topic?答案：5. The importance of environmental protection.6. The speaker thinks it is very important.二、阅读理解（共40分）1. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
ANowadays, more and more people are concerned about their health. ...(7) What is the main idea of the passage?A. Health is becoming a major concern.B. People are living longer than before.C. The cost of healthcare is increasing.D. There are various ways to stay healthy.(8) What does the author suggest about exercise?A. It is the most important factor for health.B. It should be combined with a healthy diet.C. It is not as important as a balanced diet.D. It can replace the need for a healthy diet.答案：7. A 8. BBThe article discusses the impact of technology on education...(9) What is the author's opinion on technology in education?A. It is beneficial but needs to be used wisely.B. It has no significant impact on learning.C. It should be avoided in educational settings.D. It is the only way to improve education.(10) According to the article, what is the role of teachers?A. To replace technology in the classroom.B. To integrate technology into their teaching.C. To oppose the use of technology in education.D. To focus solely on traditional teaching methods.答案：9. A 10. B三、完型填空（共20分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
英语四级模拟题(附答案)
大学英语四级模拟试卷Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on“too much care spoils a child”, You should write at least 120 words but no morethan 180 words.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what wassaid. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A) It is really nice to change them.B) They ought to have been changed long ago.C) They are of wrong colors.D) They are still quite good.2. A) Mixed. C) Enthusiastic.B) Fascinated. D) Disinterested.3. A) Wait until the weather gets better. C) Walk around the city right now.B) Go to visit the park tomorrow. D) Enjoy the snow scene in the park.4. A) He’ll start a new business in properties.B) He has been left property there.C) He’s made a fortune from his aunt.D) His aunt wants his company there.5. A) They didn’t attend the literature class.。
2024英语四级模拟试卷
2024英语四级模拟试卷一、写作（15%）题目： The Importance of Environmental Protection。
要求：1. 阐述环境保护的重要性。
2. 列举一些环境保护的措施。
3. 120 - 180字。
二、听力理解（35%）Section A（7.1%）Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).News Report 1.1. A) A new species of plant was discovered.B) A forest fire broke out.C) A new wildlife reserve was established.D) A rare animal was saved.Question 1: What is the main topic of this news report? (Answer: A)2. A) In the mountains.B) In the desert.C) Near the river.D) In the city park.Question 2: Where was the new species of plant discovered? (Answer: A) News Report 2.1. A) To promote tourism.B) To reduce traffic congestion.C) To protect the environment.D) To build more houses.Question 1: What is the purpose of the new policy? (Answer: C)2. A) By building more subways.B) By increasing the price of gasoline.C) By limiting the number of cars on the road.D) By promoting carpooling.Question 2: How will the new policy be carried out? (Answer: D)News Report 3.1. A) A famous scientist.B) A new energy source.C) A large - scale power outage.D) A new technology for energy conservation.Question 1: What is this news report mainly about? (Answer: D)2. A) It can save a lot of money.B) It is easy to operate.C) It can reduce carbon emissions.D) It has a high energy conversion rate.Question 2: What is the advantage of the new technology? (Answer: C)Section B（14.2%）Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Conversation 1.1. A) She is a student.B) She is a teacher.C) She is a doctor.D) She is a businesswoman.Question 1: What is the woman's occupation? (Answer: A)2. A) English literature.B) Business management.C) Medical science.D) Computer science.Question 2: What is the woman majoring in? (Answer: A)3. A) Reading books.B) Watching movies.C) Playing sports.D) Traveling.Question 3: What does the woman like to do in her spare time? (Answer: A)4. A) To improve her writing skills.B) To gain more knowledge.C) To relax herself.D) To prepare for her exams.Question 4: Why does the woman like reading books? (Answer: B)Conversation 2.1. A) At a restaurant.B) At a cinema.C) At a shopping mall.D) At a library.Question 1: Where are the two speakers? (Answer: A)2. A) Steak and fries.B) Pizza and salad.C) Sushi and miso soup.D) Burger and cola.Question 2: What does the man order? (Answer: A)3. A) She is on a diet.B) She doesn't like meat.C) She is a vegetarian.D) She has an allergy to some food.Question 3: Why does the woman only order a salad? (Answer: A)4. A) To watch a movie.B) To go shopping.C) To visit a friend.D) To go home.Question 4: What are they going to do after dinner? (Answer: A)Section C（13.7%）Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Passage 1.1. A) It is a traditional festival.B) It is a religious festival.C) It is a commercial festival.D) It is a harvest festival.Question 1: What kind of festival is Christmas? (Answer: A)2. A) Decorating Christmas trees.B) Giving presents.C) Singing Christmas carols.D) Having a big dinner.Question 2: Which of the following is a common activity during Christmas? (Answer: A)3. A) Family members get together.B) People go to church.C) Stores offer big discounts.D) There are parades in the streets.Question 3: What usually happens on Christmas Day? (Answer: A)Passage 2.1. A) In the 18th century.B) In the 19th century.C) In the 20th century.D) In the 21st century.Question 1: When was the Industrial Revolution? (Answer: B)2. A) Steam engines.B) Electricity.C) Computers.D) Nuclear power.Question 2: Which was an important invention during the Industrial Revolution? (Answer: A)3. A) It brought great changes to people's lives.B) It caused serious environmental problems.C) It promoted international trade.D) All of the above.Question 3: What was the impact of the Industrial Revolution? (Answer: D)Passage 3.1. A) To make friends.B) To learn new knowledge.C) To get a better job.D) To improve communication skills.Question 1: Why do many people choose to study abroad? (Answer: C)2. A) Language barrier.B) Cultural differences.C) Homesickness.D) All of the above.Question 2: What are the challenges that students may face when studying abroad? (Answer: D)3. A) They can experience different cultures.B) They can improve their language proficiency.C) They can expand their horizons.D) All of the above.Question 3: What are the benefits of studying abroad? (Answer: D)三、阅读理解（35%）Section A（7%）Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the word bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2. You may not use any of the words in the word bank more than once.Passage.The Internet has changed the way we communicate, work, and learn. It has brought great _(1)_ to our lives. However, it also has some negativeeffects. One of the problems is the spread of false information. With the _(2)_ of social media, anyone can post information without _(3)_. Some people may post false news or rumors just to _(4)_ attention or for other improper purposes. This can mislead the public and cause unnecessary _(5)_. Another problem is the issue of privacy. When we use the Internet, we often leave a lot of personal _(6)_ such as our names, addresses, and phone numbers. If this information is not properly protected, it may be _(7)_ by hackers or used by some companies without our _(8)_. To solve these problems, the government should _(9)_ relevant laws and regulations. At the same time, Internet users should also improve their _(10)_ awareness and be more careful when using the Internet.Word Bank:A) convenience.B) development.C) verification.D) attract.E) panic.F) information.G) stolen.H) permission.I) enact.J) security.(1) A) convenience.(2) B) development.(3) C) verification.(4) D) attract.(5) E) panic.(6) F) information.(7) G) stolen.(8) H) permission.(9) I) enact.(10) J) security.Section B（14%）Directions: In this section, you will read two passages. Each passageis followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Passage 1.The concept of "green building" has been around for decades, but it has gained more and more attention in recent years. Green buildings are designed to reduce the impact on the environment during their life cycle. They use energy - efficient materials and technologies, such as solar panels to generate electricity, and high - performance insulation to reduce energy consumption for heating and cooling.Green buildings also focus on water conservation. They may have rainwater harvesting systems to collect and reuse rainwater for non -potable uses like watering plants or flushing toilets. In addition, green buildings often use sustainable building materials, which are materials that are either recycled or sourced from renewable resources.1. A) It has a long history.B) It is a new concept.C) It has been ignored for a long time.D) It is only popular in developed countries.Question 1: What can we know about the concept of "green building"? (Answer: A)2. A) To make buildings more beautiful.B) To reduce the impact on the environment.C) To increase the cost of buildings.D) To use more traditional materials.Question 2: What is the purpose of green buildings? (Answer: B)3. A) Solar panels.B) Traditional heating systems.C) High - consumption insulation.D) Non - energy - efficient materials.Question 3: Which of the following is an energy - efficient technology used in green buildings? (Answer: A)4. A) Drinking.B) Washing clothes.C) Watering plants.D) Cooking.Question 4: What can rainwater be used for in green buildings? (Answer: C)Passage 2.E - books have become increasingly popular in recent years. They offer several advantages over traditional printed books. One of the main advantages is convenience. With an e - book, you can carry a whole library in your pocket. You can access thousands of books on a single device, such as a tablet or an e - reader.Another advantage is cost - effectiveness. E - books are often cheaper than their printed counterparts. Publishers can save on the cost of printing, binding, and distribution, and these savings are sometimes passed on to the consumers.However, e - books also have some disadvantages. One problem is that reading on a screen for a long time may cause eye strain. Also, some people still prefer the feel of a physical book in their hands, the smell of the paper, and the ability to flip through the pages.1. A) They are less convenient.B) They are more expensive.C) They are more convenient.D) They are less popular.Question 1: What is an advantage of e - books compared to printed books? (Answer: C)2. A) The cost of paper.B) The cost of binding.C) The cost of distribution.D) All of the above.Question 2: What costs can publishers save when producing e - books? (Answer: D)3. A) Eye strain.B) High cost.C) Limited availability.D) Poor quality.Question 3: What is a disadvantage of e - books? (Answer: A)Section C（14%）Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best answer.Passage 1.The sharing economy has emerged as a new economic model in recent years. It involves the sharing of under - utilized assets, such as cars, houses,and tools, among individuals. Platforms like Uber and Airbnb have become very popular in this sharing economy.For example, Uber allows car owners to share their cars with passengers who need a ride. This not only provides convenience for passengers but also enables car owners to earn some extra income. Airbnb enables homeowners to rent out their spare rooms or entire houses to travelers.However, the sharing economy also faces some challenges. One of the challenges is regulatory issues. Since the sharing economy is a relatively new concept, existing laws and regulations may not fully cover it. For example, some cities have concerns about the safety and legality of Uber drivers. Another challenge is competition with traditional industries. Traditional taxi companies may feel threatened by Uber, and hotels may be concerned about the competition from Airbnb.1. A) The sharing of over - utilized assets.B) The sharing of under - utilized assets.C) The sharing of all assets.D) The sharing of public assets.Question 1: What does the sharing economy involve? (Answer: B)2. A) Uber and Airbnb are the only platforms in the sharing economy.B) Uber allows passengers to share their cars.C) Airbnb enables homeowners to rent out their rooms.D) The sharing economy has no challenges.Question 2: Which statement is correct about the sharing economy? (Answer: C)3. A) There are no regulatory issues.B) Existing laws fully cover the sharing economy.C) Some cities are concerned about Uber drivers' safety.D) Traditional industries are not affected by the sharing economy.Question 3: What is a challenge faced by the sharing economy? (Answer: C)Passage 2.Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly developing and has a wide range of applications in various fields. In the medical field, AI can be used for disease diagnosis. For example, it can analyze medical images such as X - rays and MRIs to detect diseases at an early stage.In the transportation field, self - driving cars are an important application of AI. Self - driving cars can improve traffic safety and efficiency. They use sensors and algorithms to perceive the surrounding environment and make driving decisions.However, AI also brings some concerns. One concern is the potentialloss of jobs. As AI technology replaces some human - operated tasks, some jobs may become obsolete. Another concern is the ethical issues. For example, who is responsible if an AI - driven system makes a wrong decision?1. A) Only in the medical field.B) Only in the transportation field.C) In many fields.D) Only in the manufacturing field.Question 1: Where does AI have applications? (Answer: C)2. A) To make traffic worse.B) To improve traffic safety and efficiency.C) To increase traffic accidents.D) To replace all human drivers.Question 2: What is the purpose of self - driving cars? (Answer: B)3. A) There are no concerns about AI.B) The only concern is the loss of jobs.C) Ethical issues are a concern.D) AI will not replace any human - operated tasks.Question 3: What are the concerns about AI? (Answer: C)四、翻译（15%）题目：中国的互联网社区是全世界发展最快的。
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大学英语四级模拟题一含答案
大学英语四级模拟题一
一二三四五六总分阅卷人核查人
Part I Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (10%) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet.For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Media Selection for Advertisements
After determining the target audience for a product or service, advertising agencies must select the appropriate media for the advertisement. We discuss here the major types of media used in advertising. We focus our attention on seven types of advertising: television, newspapers, radio, magazines, out-of-home, Internet, and direct mail.
Television
Television is an attractive medium for advertising because it delivers mass audiences to advertisers. When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? You can understand the power of television to communicate with a large audience. When advertisers create a brand, for example, they want to impress consumers with the brand and its image. Television provides an ideal vehicle for this type of communication. But television is an expensive medium, and not all advertisers can afford to use it.
Television’s influence on advertising is fourfold. First, narrowcasting means that television channels are seen by an increasingly narrow segment of the audience. The Golf Channel, for instance, is watched by people who play golf. Home and Garden Television is seen by those interested in household improvement projects. Thus, audiences are smaller and more homogeneous（具有共同特点的）than they have
been in the past. Second, there is an increase in the number of television channels available to viewers, and thus, advertisers. This has also resulted in an increase in the sheer number of advertisements to which audiences are exposed. Third, digital recording devices allow audience members more control over which commercials they watch. Fourth, control over programming is being passed from the networks to local cable operators and satellite programmers.
Newspapers
After television, the medium attracting the next largest annual ad revenue is newspapers. The New York Times, which reaches a national audience, accounts for $1 billion in ad revenue annually. It has increased its national circulation （发行量）by 40% and is now available for home delivery in 168 cities. Locally, newspapers are the largest advertising medium.
Newspapers are a less expensive advertising medium than television and provide a way for advertisers to communicate a longer,
more detailed message to their audience than they can through television. Given new production techniques, advertisements can be printed in newspapers in about 48 hours, meaning newspapers are also a quick way of getting the message out. Newspapers are often the most important form of news for a local community, and they develop a high degree of loyalty from local readers.
Radio
Advertising on radio continues to grow. Radio is often used in conjunction with outdoor billboards（广告牌）and the Internet to reach even more customers than television. Advertisers are likely to use radio because it is a less expensive medium than television, which means advertisers can afford to repeat their ads often. Internet companies are also turning to radio advertising. Radio provides a way for advertisers to communicate with audience members at all times of the day. Consumers listen to radio on their way to school or work, at。