2010年真题并附答案

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2010真题及答案

2010真题及答案

Listening Comprehension:1-10 DDACA BDCCD11-20 DBADD BCBDA21-30 CBADC ABACA2010SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.1. The following details have been checked during the conversation EXCEPTA. number of travelers.B. number of tour days.C. flight details.D. room services.2. What is included in the price?A. Air tickets and local transport.B. Local transport and meals.C. Air tickets, local transport and breakfast.D. Air tickets, local transport and all meals.3. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. The traveler is reluctant to buy travel insurance.B. The traveler is ready to buy travel insurance.C. The traveler doesn't have to buy travel insurance.D. Travel insurance is not mentioned in the conversation.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.4. Which of the following details is CORRECT?A. Mark knows the exact number of airport buses.B. Mark knows the exact number of delegates' spouse.C. Mark doesn't know the exact number of delegates yet.D. Mark doesn't know the number of guest speakers.5. What does Linda want to know?A. The arrival time of guest speakers.B. The departure time of guest speakers.C. The type of transport for guest speakers.D. The number of guest speakers.6. How many performances have been planned tbr the conference?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Not mentioned.7. Who will pay for the piano performance?A. Pan-Pacific Tours.B. Johnson & Sons Events.C. Conference delegates.D. An airline company.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.8. What is NOT missing in Mary's briefcase?A. Her cheque book.B. Her papers for work.C. Her laptop.D. Her appointment book.9. Where was Mary the whole morning?A. At the police station.B. At a meeting.C. In her client's office.D. In the restaurant.10. Why was Mary sure that the briefcase was hers in the end?A. The papers inside had the company's name.B. The briefcase was found in the restaurant.C. The restaurant manager telephoned James.D. The cheque book inside bore her name.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, yott will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11. We learn from the passage that about two-thirds of the courses are taught through___.A. the School of Design and Visual Arts.B. the School of Social Work.C. the School of Business.D. the Arts and Sciences program.12. What is the cost of undergraduate tuition?A. Twenty thousand dollars.B. Thirty thousand dollars.C. Twenty-seven thousand dollars.D. Thirty-eight thousand dollars.13. International students can receive all the following types of financial assistance EXCEPTA. federal loans.B. private loans.C. scholarships.D. monthly payment plans. Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14. According to the passage, mothers in ____ spend more time looking after children.A. FranceB. AmericaC. DenmarkD. Australia15. Which of the following activities would Australian fathers traditionally participate in?A. Feeding and playing with children.B. Feeding and bathing children.C. Taking children to the park and to school.D. Taking children to watch sports events.16. According to the study, the "new man" likes toA. spend more time at work.B. spend more time with children.C. spend time drinking after work.D. spend time on his computer.17. It is suggested in the passage that the "new man" might be less acceptable inA. France.B. Britain.C. Australia.D. Denmark.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.18. The services of the new partnership are provided mainly to____.A. mothers of infected babies.B. infected children and women.C. infected children in cities.D. infected women in cities.19. Which of the following details about Family Health International is INCORRECT?A. It is a nonprofit organization.B. It provides public health services.C. It carries out research on public health.D. It has worked in five countries till now.20. The example of Cambodia mainly shows_____.A. the importance of government support.B. the importance of public education efforts.C. the progress the country has made so far.D. the methods used to fight AIDS.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.21. According to the news, the victim wasA. a 17-year-old girl.B. a 15-year-old boy.C. a 23-year-old woman.D. an l 8-year-old man.22. We learn from the news that the suspects were arrestedA. one month later.B. two months later.C. immediately.D. two weeks later. Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.23. The Iraqi parliament can vote on the security agreement only after____.A. all parties have agreed on it.B. the US troops have pulled out.C. the cabinet has reviewed it.D. the lawmakers have returned from Mecca.24. According to the news, the US troops are expected to completely pull out byA. mid-2009.B. the end of 2009.C. mid-2011.D. the end of 2011. Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.25. The following are involved in the operations to rescue the children in Honduras EXCEPTA. the police.B. the district attorney.C. the prison authorities.D. Institute of Childhood and Family.26. What punishment would parents face if they allowed their children to beg?A. To be imprisoned and fined.B. To have their children taken away.C. To be handed over to the authorities.D. None.Question 27 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item. you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.27.What is the news item about?A. Coastlines in Italy.B. Public use of the beach.C. Swimming and bathing.D. Private bathing clubs.Question 28 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.28.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the news?A. The airport was shut down for Friday.B. There was a road accident involving two buses.C. Local shops were closed earlier than usual.D. Bus service was stopped for Friday.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.29.How many people were rescued from the apartment building?A. 17.B. 24.C. 21.D. 41.30. Which of the following details in the news is CORRECT?A. The rescue operation involved many people.B. The cause of the explosions has been determined.C. Rescue efforts were stopped on Thursday.D. The explosions didn't destroy the building.Freshmen's WeekBritain has a well-respected higher education system / and some of the top universities and research institutions in the world. / But to those who are new to this system, it can sometimes be confusing. / October is usually the busiest month in the academic calendar. / Universities have something called Freshmen’s Week for their newcomers. / It’s a great opportu nity to make new friends, / join lots of clubs and settle into university life. / However, having just left the comfort of home and all your friends behind, / the prospect of meeting strangers in classrooms and dormitories can be worrying. / Where do you start and who should you make friends with? / Which clubs and societies should you join? / Luckily, there will be thousands of others in the same boat as you. / They worry about starting their university social life on the right foot. / So just take it all in slowly. / Don’t rush into anything that you’ll regret for the next three years./专四听写评分原则:1. 听写共分15小节;每节1分。

(完整版)2010真题答案

(完整版)2010真题答案

2010司法考试真题一、单项选择题。

每题所设选项中只有一个正确答案,多选、错选或不选均不得分。

本部分含1—50题,每题1分,共50分。

1.司法公正是司法工作的灵魂,是依法治国的重要标志。

社会主义法治理念要求司法机关必须“严格公正司法”。

下列哪一选项不符合社会主义法治理念的精神和要求?A.司法机关必须坚持实体公正和程序公正相结合,做到法律效果、政治效果和社会效果相统一B.司法机关必须进一步提高办案效率,坚持公正与效率兼顾C.司法机关为了保障判决有效执行,应对当事人实行“一站式服务”,即谁立案谁审判谁执行D.司法机关为了加强审判监督,可主动邀请人大代表、政协委员和新闻媒体旁听重大疑难案件审判2.为了落实司法便民,检察院开设了网上举报、申诉和信息查询系统,法院实现网上预约立案和电子签章,公民对国家机关实行网上监督收效明显。

关于网络技术在法治建设中的作用,下列哪一选项是不正确的?A.社会主义法治理念的落实要与现代科学技术的发展相结合B.社会主义法治理念的落实也体现于对网络依法进行管理C.司法机关是否贯彻社会主义法治理念,其衡量的根本指标即是否采用现代科技手段D.司法机关采用网络技术落实司法便民,是在工作中做到执法为民的具体表现3.社会主义法治理念的核心内容是“依法治国”。

关于“依法治国”,下列哪一选项是错误的?A.依法治国以国家法律体系的健全、完善、规范、系统、协调为必要条件B.依法治国依赖于法制完备,法律健全完备了,法治就实现了C.依法治国应当树立宪法法律的权威D.依法治国的实现,必须以规范和制约公权力为前提,做到职权法定、有权必有责、用权受监督、违法受追究4.执法为民是社会主义法治的本质要求。

对此,下列哪一选项是不正确的?A.执法为民要求尊重和保障人权,这是宪法规定的一项基本原则B.执法为民强调以人为本,这是科学发展观的核心C.执法为民表明执法机关存在的目的在于合法地行使人民赋予的权力D.执法为民说明执法活动以“及时”、“高效”作为最根本的出发点5.关于社会主义法治理念及其特征的表述,下列哪一选项是错误的?A.社会主义法治理念重在强调行政执法和司法工作应遵守一定的原则,与立法没有直接关系B.社会主义法治理念反映和坚持了人民民主专政的国体C.社会主义法治理念反映了社会主义法治的性质、功能、价值取向和实现途径D.社会主义法治理念中的法治建设根本目标是实现好、维护好、发展好最广大人民的利益6.法律格言说:“不知自己之权利,即不知法律。

2010年全国统一高考真题化学试卷(新课标)(含答案及解析)

2010年全国统一高考真题化学试卷(新课标)(含答案及解析)

2010年高考全国新课标(宁夏、吉林、黑龙江)理综化学试卷一、选择题1.(2010全国新课标)下列各项表达中正确的是()A.Na2O2的电子式为B.106g的乙醇和丙醇混合液完全燃烧生成的CO2为112L(标准状况)C.在氮原子中,质子数为7而中子数不一定为7D.Cl-的结构示意图为2.(2010新课标)分子式为C3H6Cl2的同分异构体共有(不考虑立体异构)()A.3种 B.4种 C.5种 D.6种3.(2010全国新课标)下列各组中的反应,属于同一反应类型的是()A.由溴丙烷水解制丙醇;由丙烯与水反应制丙醇B.由甲苯硝化制对硝基甲苯;由甲苯氧化制苯甲酸C.由氯代环己烷消去制环己烯;由丙烯加溴制1,2-二溴丙烷D.由乙酸和乙醇制乙酸乙酯;由苯甲酸乙酯水解制苯甲酸和乙醇4.(2010全国新课标)把500mL有BaCl2和KCl的混合溶液分成5等份,取一份加入含amol硫酸钠的溶液,恰好使钡离子完全沉淀;另取一份加入含bmol 硝酸银的溶液,恰好使氯离子完全沉淀。

则该混合溶液中钾离子浓度为()A.0.1(b-2a)mol/L B.10( 2a-b)mol/LC.10(b-a)mol/L D.10(b-2a)mol/L5.(2010全国新课标)己知:HCN(aq)与NaOH(aq)反应的∆H=-12.1kJ/mol;HCl(aq)与NaOH(aq)反应的∆H=-55.6kJ/mol。

则HCN在水溶液中电离的∆H等于()A.-67.7 kJ/mol B.-43.5 kJ/mol C.+43.5 kJ/mol D.+67.7kJ/mol 6.(2010全国新课标)根据下图,可判断出下列离子方程式中错误的是()A.2Ag(s)+Cd2+(aq)==2Ag+(aq)+Cd(s)B.Co2+(aq)+Cd(s)==Co(s)+Cd2+(aq)C.2Ag+(aq)+Cd(s)==2Ag(s)+Cd2+(aq)D. 2Ag+(aq)+Co(s)==2Ag(s)+Co2+(aq)7.(2010全国新课标)下表中评价合理的是()选项化学反应及其离子方程式评价A Fe3O4与稀硝酸反应:2Fe3O4+18H+=6Fe3++H2-+8H2O正确B 向碳酸镁中加入稀盐酸: CO32-+2H+==CO2+ H2O 错误,碳酸镁不应该写成离子形式C 向硫酸铵溶液中加入氢氧化钡溶液:Ba2++SO42-==BaSO4¯正确D FeBr2溶液与等物质的量的Cl2反应:2Fe2++2Br-+2Cl2==2Fe3++4Cl-+Br2错误,Fe2+与Br-的化学计量数之比应为1:2二、非选题8.(2010全国新课标)物质A~G有下图所示转化关系(部分反应物、生成物没有列出)。

2010数学真题卷及答案

2010数学真题卷及答案

2010年全国普通高等学校运动训练、民族传统体育专业单独统一招生考试数学一、选择题:每小题6分,共10小题,共60分.在每小题的四个选项中,只有一项是符合要求的.1.已知集合A ={x|x 2―1>0},B ={x|log 2x <0},则A ∩B 等于 ( )A .ØB .{x|x <-1}C .{x|x >1}D .{x|x <-1或x >1}2. 若不等式||x a -<1成立的充分条件是04<<x ,则实数a 的取值范围是( ) A. a ≥3B. a ≤3C. a ≥1D. a ≤13.函数)1(log 2-=x y 的反函数图像是 ( )A B4. 如图所示,∆OAB 是边长为2的等边三角形,直线x t =截这个三角形位于此直线左方的图形面积为y (见图中阴影部分)则函数y f t =()的大致图形为( )5.已知a 、b 是非零向量且满足(a -2b )⊥a ,(b -2a )⊥b ,则a 与b 的夹角是( )A .6π B .3π C .32π D .65π6椭圆22143x y +=的右焦点到直线y x =的距离是 ( )A.127. 过圆锥曲线C 的一个焦点F 的直线l 交曲线C 于A 、B 两点,且以AB 为直径的圆与F 相应的准线相交,则曲线C 为A. 双曲线B. 抛物线C. 椭圆D. 以上都有可能 8.若αααααcos sin cos 3sin ,2tan +-=则的值是( )A .31-B .-35C .31 D .35 9.直线052)3(057)3()1(2=-+-=-+-++y x m m y m x m 与直线垂直的充要条件是( )A .2-=mB .3=mC .31=-=m m 或D .23-==m m 或10.已知1(2)2x f x x ++=+,则1(2)f x -+= ( ) A.12x x -+ B.11x -+ C.211x x +-- D.21x x +-+二、填空题:每小题5分,共8小题,共计40分.将答案填在题中的横线上。

2010年考研英语真题及答案

2010年考研英语真题及答案

2010年考研英语真题及答案一、考研英语真题(阅读理解部分)1.Passage 1文章摘自《纽约时报》(The New York Times),讲述了人们对于沙特阿拉伯的德里布(Dariba)地区商业开发的反对声浪。

作者主要介绍了沙特人对这个开发计划的局部有效性提出了质疑。

答案:D解析:根据文章内容可以推断出,该地区商业发展项目在解决当地人就业问题以及对年轻人带来激励方面并不有效。

所以答案为D。

2.Passage 2文章介绍了爬行动物的生态类型和生存对策。

通过对几种不同爬行动物的研究和观察,作者总结了它们对环境的适应能力和繁衍生息策略。

答案:C解析:根据文章内容可以得出,某些种类的爬行动物具有在生境发生变化时进行数量调整的能力。

所以答案为C。

3.Passage 3文章介绍了一种新的种植模式,旨在减少对水资源的需求以及提高产量。

作者通过对这种种植模式的实验研究,发现它可以在干旱地区获得较高的产量。

答案:B解析:根据文章内容可以得出,这种新的种植模式通过改变作物的生长方式,减少了对水资源的需求,从而提高了产量。

所以答案为B。

二、答案解析1.Passage 1题目要求解释为什么该地区商业发展项目在解决当地人就业问题方面并不有效。

文章中提到该开发项目只提供了少量工作岗位,远远不够满足就业需求。

所以答案为D。

2.Passage 2题目要求解释某些爬行动物的数量调整能力。

通过文章可以看出,某些爬行动物能够根据其所处环境的变化来调整自身的数量,以适应变化的生境条件。

所以答案为C。

3.Passage 3题目要求解释这种新的种植模式在干旱地区获得高产量的原因。

文章中解释了这种新的种植模式通过改变作物的生长方式,减少了对水资源的需求,从而提高了产量。

所以答案为B。

三、总结本篇文章简要介绍了2010年考研英语阅读理解部分的三篇真题及其答案解析。

通过阅读这些真题及答案解析,可以帮助考生了解考研英语阅读理解题型和解题思路,提高解题能力。

2010年高考全国数学卷(全国Ⅰ.文)(含详解答案)

2010年高考全国数学卷(全国Ⅰ.文)(含详解答案)

2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试文科数学(必修+选修)本试卷分第I 卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。

第I 卷1至2页。

第Ⅱ卷3 至4页。

考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I 卷注意事项:1.答题前,考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚,并贴好条形码。

请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。

2.每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号,在试题卷上作答无效.........。

3.第I 卷共12小题,每小题5分,共60分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

参考公式:如果事件A 、B 互斥,那么 球的表面积公式()()()P A B P A P B +=+ 24S R π=如果事件A 、B 相互独立,那么 其中R 表示球的半径 ()()()P A B P A P B = 球的体积公式 如果事件A 在一次试验中发生的概率是p ,那么 334V R π=n 次独立重复试验中事件A 恰好发生k 次的概率 其中R 表示球的半径()(1)(0,1,2,)k k n kn n P k C p p k n -=-=…一、选择题 (1)cos300︒=(A)2-12 (C)12 (D) 21.C 【命题意图】本小题主要考查诱导公式、特殊三角函数值等三角函数知识 【解析】()1cos300cos 36060cos 602︒=︒-︒=︒=(2)设全集{}1,2,3,4,5U =,集合{}1,4M =,{}1,3,5N =,则()U N M ⋂=ð A.{}1,3 B. {}1,5 C. {}3,5 D. {}4,52.C 【命题意图】本小题主要考查集合的概念、集合运算等集合有关知识【解析】{}2,3,5U M =ð,{}1,3,5N =,则()U N M ⋂=ð{}1,3,5{}2,3,5⋂={}3,5(3)若变量,x y 满足约束条件1,0,20,y x y x y ≤⎧⎪+≥⎨⎪--≤⎩则2z x y =-的最大值为(A)4 (B)3 (C)2 (D)13.B 【命题意图】本小题主要考查线性规划知识、作图、识图能力及计算能力. 【解析】画出可行域(如右图),11222z x y y x z =-⇒=-,由图可知,当直线l 经过点A(1,-1)时,z 最大,且最大值为max 12(1)3z =-⨯-=.(4)已知各项均为正数的等比数列{n a },123a a a =5,789a a a =10,则456a a a =(A) 4.A 【命题意图】本小题主要考查等比数列的性质、指数幂的运算、根式与指数式的互化等知识,着重考查了转化与化归的数学思想.【解析】由等比数列的性质知31231322()5a a a a a a a === ,37897988()a a a a a a a === 10,所以132850a a =,所以133364564655()(50)a a a a a a a =====(5)43(1)(1x -的展开式 2x 的系数是(A)-6 (B)-3 (C)0 (D)35.A. 【命题意图】本小题主要考查了考生对二项式定理的掌握情况,尤其是展开式的通项公式的灵活应用,以及能否区分展开式中项的系数与其二项式系数,同时也考查了考生的一些基本运算能力.【解析】()134323422(1)(11464133x x x x x x x x ⎛⎫-=-+---+- ⎪⎝⎭x +y20y -=2x 的系数是 -12+6=-6(6)直三棱柱111ABC A B C -中,若90BAC ∠=︒,1AB AC AA ==,则异面直线1BA 与1AC 所成的角等于(A)30° (B)45°(C)60° (D)90°6.C 【命题意图】本小题主要考查直三棱柱111ABC A B C -的性质、异面直线所成的角、异面直线所成的角的求法.【解析】延长CA 到D ,使得AD AC =,则11ADAC 为平行四边形,1DA B ∠就是异面直线1BA 与1AC 所成的角,又三角形1A DB 为等边三角形,0160DA B ∴∠=(7)已知函数()|lg |f x x =.若a b ≠且,()()f a f b =,则a b +的取值范围是 (A)(1,)+∞ (B)[1,)+∞(C) (2,)+∞ (D) [2,)+∞7.C 【命题意图】本小题主要考查对数函数的性质、函数的单调性、函数的值域,考生在做本小题时极易忽视a 的取值范围,而利用均值不等式求得a+b=12a a+≥,从而错选D,这也是命题者的用苦良心之处.【解析1】因为 f(a)=f(b),所以|lga|=|lgb|,所以a=b(舍去),或1b a =,所以a+b=1a a+ 又0<a<b,所以0<a<1<b ,令()f a a a=+1由“对勾”函数的性质知函数()f a 在a ∈(0,1)上为减函数,所以f(a)>f(1)=1+1=2,即a+b 的取值范围是(2,+∞).【解析2】由0<a<b,且f (a )=f (b )得:0111a b ab <<⎧⎪<⎨⎪=⎩,利用线性规划得:0111x y xy <<⎧⎪<⎨⎪=⎩,化为求z x y =+的取值范围问题,z x y y x z =+⇒=-+,2111y y x x'=⇒=-<-⇒过点()1,1时z 最小为2,∴(C) (2,)+∞(8)已知1F 、2F 为双曲线C:221x y -=的左、右焦点,点P 在C 上,∠1F P 2F =060,则 12||||PF PF =(A)2 (B)4 (C) 6 (D) 8AB C DA 1B 1C 1D 1 O8.B 【命题意图】本小题主要考查双曲线定义、几何性质、余弦定理,考查转化的数学思想,通过本题可以有效地考查考生的综合运用能力及运算能力. 【解析1】.由余弦定理得cos ∠1F P 2F =222121212||||||2||||PF PF F F PF PF +- ()(22221212121212122221cos60222PF PF PF PF PF PF F F PF PF PF PF +--+-⇒=⇒=12||||PF PF = 4【解析2】由焦点三角形面积公式得:1202201216011cot 1cot sin 602222F PF S b PF PF PF PF θ∆===== 12||||PF PF = 4(9)正方体ABCD -1111A B C D中,1BB 与平面1ACD 所成角的余弦值为(A )(B(C )23 (D 9.D 【命题意图】本小题主要考查正方体的性质、直线与平面所成的角、点到平面的距离的求法,利用等体积转化求出D 到平面AC 1D 的距离是解决本题的关键所在,这也是转化思想的具体体现.【解析1】因为BB 1//DD 1,所以B 1B 与平面AC 1D 所成角和DD 1与平面AC 1D 所成角相等,设DO ⊥平面AC 1D ,由等体积法得11D ACD D ACD V V --=,即111133ACD ACD S DO S DD∆∆⋅=⋅.设DD 1=a,则122111sin 60)2222ACD S AC AD a ∆==⨯= ,21122ACD SAD CD a ∆== . 所以131A C D A C D S D D D O a S ∆∆= ,记DD 1与平面AC 1D 所成角为θ,则1sin DO DD θ==,所以cos θ=. 【解析2】设上下底面的中心分别为1,O O ;1O O 与平面AC 1D 所成角就是B 1B 与平面AC 1D所成角,1111cos O O O OD OD ∠=== (10)设123log 2,ln 2,5a b c -===则(A )a b c <<(B )b c a << (C) c a b << (D) c b a <<10.C 【命题意图】本小题以指数、对数为载体,主要考查指数函数与对数函数的性质、实数大小的比较、换底公式、不等式中的倒数法则的应用. 【解析1】 a=3log 2=21log 3, b=In2=21log e,而22log 3log 1e >>,所以a<b, c=125-222log 4log 3>=>,所以c<a,综上c<a<b. 【解析2】a =3log 2=321log ,b =ln2=21log e, 3221log log 2e <<< ,32211112log log e <<<; c=12152-=<=,∴c<a<b(11)已知圆O 的半径为1,PA 、PB 为该圆的两条切线,A 、B 为两切点,那么PA PB ∙的最小值为(A) 4-+3-(C) 4-+3-+11.D 【命题意图】本小题主要考查向量的数量积运算与圆的切线长定理,着重考查最值的求法——判别式法,同时也考查了考生综合运用数学知识解题的能力及运算能力. 【解析1】如图所示:设PA=PB=x (0)x >,∠APO=α,则∠APB=2α,,sin α=||||cos2PA PB PA PB α∙=⋅=22(12sin )x α-=222(1)1x x x -+=4221x x x -+,令PA PB y ∙= ,则4221x x y x -=+,即42(1)0x y x y -+-=,由2x 是实数,所以2[(1)]41()0y y ∆=-+-⨯⨯-≥,2610y y ++≥,解得3y ≤--3y ≥-+.故min ()3PA PB ∙=-+此时x =【解析2】设,0APB θθπ∠=<<,()()2cos 1/tan cos 2PA PB PA PB θθθ⎛⎫∙== ⎪⎝⎭ 2222221sin 12sin cos 22212sin 2sin sin 22θθθθθθ⎛⎫⎛⎫-- ⎪⎪⎛⎫⎝⎭⎝⎭=⋅-= ⎪⎝⎭换元:2sin ,012x x θ=<≤,()()1121233x x PA PB x x x--∙==+-≥ 【解析3】建系:园的方程为221x y +=,设11110(,),(,),(,0)A x y B x y P x -,()()2211101110110,,001AO PA x y x x y x x x y x x ⊥⇒⋅-=⇒-+=⇒=()222222221100110110221233PA PB x x x x y x x x x x ∙=-+-=-+--=+-≥(12)已知在半径为2的球面上有A 、B 、C 、D 四点,若AB=CD=2,则四面体ABCD 的体积的最大值为12.B 【命题意图】本小题主要考查几何体的体积的计算、球的性质、异面直线的距离,通过球这个载体考查考生的空间想象能力及推理运算能力.【解析】过CD 作平面PCD ,使AB ⊥平面PCD,交AB 与P,设点P 到CD 的距离为h ,则有ABCD 11222323V h h =⨯⨯⨯⨯=四面体,当直径通过AB 与CD 的中点时,max h =故max V =.第Ⅱ卷注意事项:1.答题前,考生先在答题卡上用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考 证号填写清楚,然后贴好条形码。

2010年江苏高考真题(含答案)语文

2010年江苏高考真题(含答案)语文

绝密★启用前2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏卷)语文一、语言文字运用(15分)1.下列加点的字,每对读音都不相同的一组是(3分)A.弹.劾/弹.丸之地哽咽./狼吞虎咽.责难./多难.兴邦B.鲜.活/寡廉鲜.耻泊.位/淡泊.明志叶.韵/一叶.知秋C.大度./审时度.势长.进/身无长.物解.救/浑身解.数D.参.差/扪参.历井披靡./风靡.一时畜.牧/六畜.兴旺2.下列各句中,加点的成语使用恰当的一句是(3分)A.司机张师傅冒着生命危险解救乘客的事迹,一经新闻媒体报道,就被传得满城风雨....,感动了无数市民。

B.近年来,在种种灾害面前,各级政府防患未然....,及时启动应急预案,力争把人民的声明财产损失将到最低限度。

语文新高考博客C.这些“环保老人”利用晨练的机会,但游客丢弃在景点的垃圾信手拈来....,集中带到山下,分类处理。

D.“生命的价值在于厚度而不在于长度,在于奉献而不在于获取……院士的一番话入.木三分...,让我们深受教育。

3.阅读下面一段文字,找出“碳链式反应”过程的三个关键性词语。

(4分)科学家在喀斯特地貌的研究中,发现了一个复杂的碳链式反应。

当水流从空气中“大口吮吸”二氧化碳并侵蚀石灰岩时,持续不断的吸碳过程就开始了。

接着,在岩石表面自由流淌的酸性水流携带着大量碳酸氢根,随着自然界的水循环转辗奔向江河湖海。

此时,浮游植物体内的“食物加工厂”在急切地“找米下锅”,它们惊喜地发现,只要分泌一种叫做“碳酸酐酶”的催化剂,对水中的碳酸氢根“略施魔法”,等待加工的“米”——二氧化碳,就唾手可得。

最终,光合作用将大量随波逐流的碳转化成有机碳,封存与水生植物体内。

4.2010年上海世博会丹麦国家馆,有一尊“小美人鱼”铜像。

(5分)(1)“小美人鱼”故事出自哪位作家的哪篇作品?(2)请以“小美人鱼”口吻,写一段不超过30个字的话,表达对上海世博会的祝愿或赞美(1)(2)二、文言文阅读(19分)阅读下面的文言文,完成5~8题南阳县君谢氏墓志铭欧阳修庆历四年秋,予友宛陵梅圣俞来自吴兴,出其哭内之诗而悲曰:“吾妻谢氏亡矣。

2010全国卷试题+录音稿+答案

2010全国卷试题+录音稿+答案

2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的ABC三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后,你有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What will Dorothy do on the weekend?A. Go out with her friend.B. Work on her paper.C. Make some plans.2. What was the normal price of the T-shirt?A. $15.B. $30.C. $50.3. What has the woman decided to do on Sunday afternoon?A. To attend a wedding.B. To visit an exhibition.C. To meet a friend.4. When does the bank close on Saturday?A. At 1:00 pm.B. At 3:00 pm.C. At 4:00 pm.5. Where are the speakers?A. In a store.B. In a classroom.C. In a hotel.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C、三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置,听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

6. What do we know about Nora?A. She prefers a room of her own.B. She likes to work with other girls.C. She lives near the city center.7. What is good about the flat?A. It has a large sitting room.B. It has good furniture.C. It has a big kitchen.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。

2010年全国统一高考真题数学试卷(理科)(大纲版ⅱ)(含答案及解析)

2010年全国统一高考真题数学试卷(理科)(大纲版ⅱ)(含答案及解析)

2010年全国统一高考数学试卷(理科)(大纲版Ⅱ)一、选择题(共12小题,每小题5分,满分60分)1.(5分)复数()2=()A.﹣3﹣4i B.﹣3+4i C.3﹣4i D.3+4i2.(5分)函数的反函数是()A.y=e2x﹣1﹣1(x>0)B.y=e2x﹣1+1(x>0)C.y=e2x﹣1﹣1(x∈R)D.y=e2x﹣1+1(x∈R)3.(5分)若变量x,y满足约束条件,则z=2x+y的最大值为()A.1B.2C.3D.44.(5分)如果等差数列{a n}中,a3+a4+a5=12,那么a1+a2+…+a7=()A.14B.21C.28D.355.(5分)不等式>0的解集为()A.{x|x<﹣2,或x>3}B.{x|x<﹣2,或1<x<3}C.{x|﹣2<x<1,或x>3}D.{x|﹣2<x<1,或1<x<3} 6.(5分)将标号为1,2,3,4,5,6的6张卡片放入3个不同的信封中,若每个信封放2张,其中标号为1,2的卡片放入同一信封,则不同的方法共有()A.12种B.18种C.36种D.54种7.(5分)为了得到函数y=sin(2x﹣)的图象,只需把函数y=sin(2x+)的图象()A.向左平移个长度单位B.向右平移个长度单位C.向左平移个长度单位D.向右平移个长度单位8.(5分)△ABC中,点D在边AB上,CD平分∠ACB,若=,=,||=1,||=2,则=()A.+B.+C.+D.+9.(5分)已知正四棱锥S﹣ABCD中,SA=2,那么当该棱锥的体积最大时,它的高为()A.1B.C.2D.310.(5分)若曲线y=在点(a,)处的切线与两个坐标围成的三角形的面积为18,则a=()A.64B.32C.16D.811.(5分)与正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1的三条棱AB、CC1、A1D1所在直线的距离相等的点()A.有且只有1个B.有且只有2个C.有且只有3个D.有无数个12.(5分)已知椭圆T:+=1(a>b>0)的离心率为,过右焦点F且斜率为k(k>0)的直线与T相交于A,B两点,若=3,则k=()A.1B.C.D.2二、填空题(共4小题,每小题5分,满分20分)13.(5分)已知a是第二象限的角,tan(π+2α)=﹣,则tanα=.14.(5分)若(x﹣)9的展开式中x3的系数是﹣84,则a=.15.(5分)已知抛物线C:y2=2px(p>0)的准线l,过M(1,0)且斜率为的直线与l相交于A,与C的一个交点为B,若,则p=.16.(5分)已知球O的半径为4,圆M与圆N为该球的两个小圆,AB为圆M 与圆N的公共弦,AB=4,若OM=ON=3,则两圆圆心的距离MN=.三、解答题(共6小题,满分70分)17.(10分)△ABC中,D为边BC上的一点,BD=33,sinB=,cos∠ADC=,求AD.18.(12分)已知数列{a n}的前n项和S n=(n2+n)•3n.(Ⅰ)求;(Ⅱ)证明:++…+>3n.19.(12分)如图,直三棱柱ABC﹣A1B1C1中,AC=BC,AA1=AB,D为BB1的中点,E为AB1上的一点,AE=3EB1.(Ⅰ)证明:DE为异面直线AB1与CD的公垂线;(Ⅱ)设异面直线AB1与CD的夹角为45°,求二面角A1﹣AC1﹣B1的大小.20.(12分)如图,由M到N的电路中有4个元件,分别标为T1,T2,T3,T4,电流能通过T1,T2,T3的概率都是P,电流能通过T4的概率是0.9,电流能否通过各元件相互独立.已知T1,T2,T3中至少有一个能通过电流的概率为0.999.(Ⅰ)求P;(Ⅱ)求电流能在M与N之间通过的概率.21.(12分)已知斜率为1的直线l与双曲线C:相交于B、D两点,且BD的中点为M(1,3).(Ⅰ)求C的离心率;(Ⅱ)设C的右顶点为A,右焦点为F,|DF|•|BF|=17,证明:过A、B、D三点的圆与x轴相切.22.(12分)设函数f(x)=1﹣e﹣x.(Ⅰ)证明:当x>﹣1时,f(x)≥;(Ⅱ)设当x≥0时,f(x)≤,求a的取值范围.2010年全国统一高考数学试卷(理科)(大纲版Ⅱ)参考答案与试题解析一、选择题(共12小题,每小题5分,满分60分)1.(5分)复数()2=()A.﹣3﹣4i B.﹣3+4i C.3﹣4i D.3+4i【考点】A5:复数的运算.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】首先进行复数的除法运算,分子和分母同乘以分母的共轭复数,把复数整理成整式形式,再进行复数的乘方运算,合并同类项,得到结果.【解答】解:()2=[]2=(1﹣2i)2=﹣3﹣4i.故选:A.【点评】本题主要考查复数的除法和乘方运算,是一个基础题,解题时没有规律和技巧可寻,只要认真完成,则一定会得分.2.(5分)函数的反函数是()A.y=e2x﹣1﹣1(x>0)B.y=e2x﹣1+1(x>0)C.y=e2x﹣1﹣1(x∈R)D.y=e2x﹣1+1(x∈R)【考点】4H:对数的运算性质;4R:反函数.【专题】11:计算题;16:压轴题.【分析】从条件中中反解出x,再将x,y互换即得.解答本题首先熟悉反函数的概念,然后根据反函数求解三步骤:1、换:x、y换位,2、解:解出y,3、标:标出定义域,据此即可求得反函数.【解答】解:由原函数解得x=e 2y﹣1+1,∴f﹣1(x)=e 2x﹣1+1,又x>1,∴x﹣1>0;∴ln(x﹣1)∈R∴在反函数中x∈R,故选:D.【点评】求反函数,一般应分以下步骤:(1)由已知解析式y=f(x)反求出x=Ф(y);(2)交换x=Ф(y)中x、y的位置;(3)求出反函数的定义域(一般可通过求原函数的值域的方法求反函数的定义域).3.(5分)若变量x,y满足约束条件,则z=2x+y的最大值为()A.1B.2C.3D.4【考点】7C:简单线性规划.【专题】31:数形结合.【分析】先根据约束条件画出可行域,设z=2x+y,再利用z的几何意义求最值,只需求出直线z=2x+y过可行域内的点B时,从而得到m值即可.【解答】解:作出可行域,作出目标函数线,可得直线与y=x与3x+2y=5的交点为最优解点,∴即为B(1,1),当x=1,y=1时z max=3.故选:C.【点评】本题考查了线性规划的知识,以及利用几何意义求最值,属于基础题.4.(5分)如果等差数列{a n}中,a3+a4+a5=12,那么a1+a2+…+a7=()A.14B.21C.28D.35【考点】83:等差数列的性质;85:等差数列的前n项和.【分析】由等差数列的性质求解.【解答】解:a3+a4+a5=3a4=12,a4=4,∴a1+a2+…+a7==7a4=28故选:C.【点评】本题主要考查等差数列的性质.5.(5分)不等式>0的解集为()A.{x|x<﹣2,或x>3}B.{x|x<﹣2,或1<x<3}C.{x|﹣2<x<1,或x>3}D.{x|﹣2<x<1,或1<x<3}【考点】73:一元二次不等式及其应用.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】解,可转化成f(x)•g(x)>0,再利用根轴法进行求解.【解答】解:⇔⇔(x﹣3)(x+2)(x﹣1)>0利用数轴穿根法解得﹣2<x<1或x>3,故选:C.【点评】本试题主要考查分式不等式与高次不等式的解法,属于不等式的基础题.6.(5分)将标号为1,2,3,4,5,6的6张卡片放入3个不同的信封中,若每个信封放2张,其中标号为1,2的卡片放入同一信封,则不同的方法共有()A.12种B.18种C.36种D.54种【考点】D9:排列、组合及简单计数问题.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】本题是一个分步计数问题,首先从3个信封中选一个放1,2有3种不同的选法,再从剩下的4个数中选两个放一个信封有C42,余下放入最后一个信封,根据分步计数原理得到结果.【解答】解:由题意知,本题是一个分步计数问题,∵先从3个信封中选一个放1,2,有=3种不同的选法;根据分组公式,其他四封信放入两个信封,每个信封两个有=6种放法,∴共有3×6×1=18.故选:B.【点评】本题考查分步计数原理,考查平均分组问题,是一个易错题,解题的关键是注意到第二步从剩下的4个数中选两个放到一个信封中,这里包含两个步骤,先平均分组,再排列.7.(5分)为了得到函数y=sin(2x﹣)的图象,只需把函数y=sin(2x+)的图象()A.向左平移个长度单位B.向右平移个长度单位C.向左平移个长度单位D.向右平移个长度单位【考点】HJ:函数y=Asin(ωx+φ)的图象变换.【专题】1:常规题型.【分析】先将2提出来,再由左加右减的原则进行平移即可.【解答】解:y=sin(2x+)=sin2(x+),y=sin(2x﹣)=sin2(x﹣),所以将y=sin(2x+)的图象向右平移个长度单位得到y=sin(2x﹣)的图象,故选:B.【点评】本试题主要考查三角函数图象的平移.平移都是对单个的x来说的.8.(5分)△ABC中,点D在边AB上,CD平分∠ACB,若=,=,||=1,||=2,则=()A.+B.+C.+D.+【考点】9B:向量加减混合运算.【分析】由△ABC中,点D在边AB上,CD平分∠ACB,根据三角形内角平分线定理,我们易得到,我们将后,将各向量用,表示,即可得到答案.【解答】解:∵CD为角平分线,∴,∵,∴,∴故选:B.【点评】本题考查了平面向量的基础知识,解答的核心是三角形内角平分线定理,即若AD为三角形ABC的内角A的角平分线,则AB:AC=BD:CD9.(5分)已知正四棱锥S﹣ABCD中,SA=2,那么当该棱锥的体积最大时,它的高为()A.1B.C.2D.3【考点】LF:棱柱、棱锥、棱台的体积.【专题】11:计算题;16:压轴题.【分析】设出底面边长,求出正四棱锥的高,写出体积表达式,利用求导求得最大值时,高的值.【解答】解:设底面边长为a,则高h==,所以体积V=a2h=,设y=12a4﹣a6,则y′=48a3﹣3a5,当y取最值时,y′=48a3﹣3a5=0,解得a=0或a=4时,当a=4时,体积最大,此时h==2,故选:C.【点评】本试题主要考查椎体的体积,考查高次函数的最值问题的求法.是中档题.10.(5分)若曲线y=在点(a,)处的切线与两个坐标围成的三角形的面积为18,则a=()A.64B.32C.16D.8【考点】6H:利用导数研究曲线上某点切线方程.【专题】31:数形结合.【分析】欲求参数a值,必须求出在点(a,)处的切线方程,只须求出其斜率的值即可,故先利用导数求出在x=a处的导函数值,再结合导数的几何意义即可求出切线的斜率得到切线的方程,最后求出与坐标轴的交点坐标结合三角形的面积公式.从而问题解决.【解答】解:y′=﹣,∴k=﹣,切线方程是y﹣=﹣(x﹣a),令x=0,y=,令y=0,x=3a,∴三角形的面积是s=•3a•=18,解得a=64.故选:A.【点评】本试题主要考查求导法则、导数的几何意义、切线的求法和三角形的面积公式,考查考生的计算能力.11.(5分)与正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1的三条棱AB、CC1、A1D1所在直线的距离相等的点()A.有且只有1个B.有且只有2个C.有且只有3个D.有无数个【考点】LO:空间中直线与直线之间的位置关系.【专题】16:压轴题.【分析】由于点D、B1显然满足要求,猜想B1D上任一点都满足要求,然后想办法证明结论.【解答】解:在正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1上建立如图所示空间直角坐标系,并设该正方体的棱长为1,连接B1D,并在B1D上任取一点P,因为=(1,1,1),所以设P(a,a,a),其中0≤a≤1.作PE⊥平面A1D,垂足为E,再作EF⊥A1D1,垂足为F,则PF是点P到直线A1D1的距离.所以PF=;同理点P到直线AB、CC1的距离也是.所以B1D上任一点与正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1的三条棱AB、CC1、A1D1所在直线的距离都相等,所以与正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1的三条棱AB、CC1、A1D1所在直线的距离相等的点有无数个.故选:D.【点评】本题主要考查合情推理的能力及空间中点到线的距离的求法.12.(5分)已知椭圆T:+=1(a>b>0)的离心率为,过右焦点F且斜率为k(k>0)的直线与T相交于A,B两点,若=3,则k=()A.1B.C.D.2【考点】KH:直线与圆锥曲线的综合.【专题】11:计算题;16:压轴题.【分析】设A(x1,y1),B(x2,y2),根据求得y1和y2关系根据离心率设,b=t,代入椭圆方程与直线方程联立,消去x,根据韦达定理表示出y1+y2和y1y2,进而根据y1和y2关系求得k.【解答】解:A(x1,y1),B(x2,y2),∵,∴y1=﹣3y2,∵,设,b=t,∴x2+4y2﹣4t2=0①,设直线AB方程为,代入①中消去x,可得,∴,,解得,故选:B.【点评】本题主要考查了直线与圆锥曲线的综合问题.此类题问题综合性强,要求考生有较高地转化数学思想的运用能力,能将已知条件转化到基本知识的运用.二、填空题(共4小题,每小题5分,满分20分)13.(5分)已知a是第二象限的角,tan(π+2α)=﹣,则tanα=.【考点】GO:运用诱导公式化简求值;GS:二倍角的三角函数.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】根据诱导公式tan(π+α)=tanα得到tan2α,然后利用公式tan(α+β)=求出tanα,因为α为第二象限的角,判断取值即可.【解答】解:由tan(π+2a)=﹣得tan2a=﹣,又tan2a==﹣,解得tana=﹣或tana=2,又a是第二象限的角,所以tana=﹣.故答案为:.【点评】本试题主要考查三角函数的诱导公式、正切的二倍角公式和解方程,考查考生的计算能力.14.(5分)若(x﹣)9的展开式中x3的系数是﹣84,则a=1.【考点】DA:二项式定理.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】利用二项展开式的通项公式求出第r+1项,令x的指数为3得展开式中x3的系数,列出方程解得.【解答】解:展开式的通项为=(﹣a)r C9r x9﹣2r令9﹣2r=3得r=3∴展开式中x3的系数是C93(﹣a)3=﹣84a3=﹣84,∴a=1.故答案为1【点评】本试题主要考查二项展开式的通项公式和求指定项系数的方法.15.(5分)已知抛物线C:y2=2px(p>0)的准线l,过M(1,0)且斜率为的直线与l相交于A,与C的一个交点为B,若,则p=2.【考点】K8:抛物线的性质.【专题】11:计算题;16:压轴题.【分析】设直线AB的方程与抛物线方程联立消去y得3x2+(﹣6﹣2p)x+3=0,进而根据,可知M为A、B的中点,可得p的关系式,解方程即可求得p.【解答】解:设直线AB:,代入y2=2px得3x2+(﹣6﹣2p)x+3=0,又∵,即M为A、B的中点,∴x B+(﹣)=2,即x B=2+,得p2+4P﹣12=0,解得p=2,p=﹣6(舍去)故答案为:2【点评】本题考查了抛物线的几何性质.属基础题.16.(5分)已知球O的半径为4,圆M与圆N为该球的两个小圆,AB为圆M 与圆N的公共弦,AB=4,若OM=ON=3,则两圆圆心的距离MN=3.【考点】JE:直线和圆的方程的应用;ND:球的性质.【专题】11:计算题;16:压轴题.【分析】根据题意画出图形,欲求两圆圆心的距离,将它放在与球心组成的三角形MNO中,只要求出球心角即可,通过球的性质构成的直角三角形即可解得.【解答】解法一:∵ON=3,球半径为4,∴小圆N的半径为,∵小圆N中弦长AB=4,作NE垂直于AB,∴NE=,同理可得,在直角三角形ONE中,∵NE=,ON=3,∴,∴,∴MN=3.故填:3.解法二:如下图:设AB的中点为C,则OC与MN必相交于MN中点为E,因为OM=ON=3,故小圆半径NB为C为AB中点,故CB=2;所以NC=,∵△ONC为直角三角形,NE为△ONC斜边上的高,OC=∴MN=2EN=2•CN•=2××=3故填:3.【点评】本题主要考查了点、线、面间的距离计算,还考查球、直线与圆的基础知识,考查空间想象能力、运算能力和推理论证能力,属于基础题.三、解答题(共6小题,满分70分)17.(10分)△ABC中,D为边BC上的一点,BD=33,sinB=,cos∠ADC=,求AD.【考点】GG:同角三角函数间的基本关系;HP:正弦定理.【分析】先由cos∠ADC=确定角ADC的范围,因为∠BAD=∠ADC﹣B所以可求其正弦值,最后由正弦定理可得答案.【解答】解:由cos∠ADC=>0,则∠ADC<,又由知B<∠ADC可得B<,由sinB=,可得cosB=,又由cos∠ADC=,可得sin∠ADC=.从而sin∠BAD=sin(∠ADC﹣B)=sin∠ADCcosB﹣cos∠ADCsinB==.由正弦定理得,所以AD==.【点评】三角函数与解三角形的综合性问题,是近几年高考的热点,在高考试题中频繁出现.这类题型难度比较低,一般出现在17或18题,属于送分题,估计以后这类题型仍会保留,不会有太大改变.解决此类问题,要根据已知条件,灵活运用正弦定理或余弦定理,求边角或将边角互化.18.(12分)已知数列{a n}的前n项和S n=(n2+n)•3n.(Ⅰ)求;(Ⅱ)证明:++…+>3n.【考点】6F:极限及其运算;R6:不等式的证明.【专题】11:计算题;14:证明题.【分析】(1)由题意知,由此可知答案.(2)由题意知,==,由此可知,当n≥1时,.【解答】解:(1),所以=;(2)当n=1时,;当n>1时,===所以,n≥1时,.【点评】本题考查数列的极限问题,解题时要注意公式的灵活运用.19.(12分)如图,直三棱柱ABC﹣A1B1C1中,AC=BC,AA1=AB,D为BB1的中点,E为AB1上的一点,AE=3EB1.(Ⅰ)证明:DE为异面直线AB1与CD的公垂线;(Ⅱ)设异面直线AB1与CD的夹角为45°,求二面角A1﹣AC1﹣B1的大小.【考点】LM:异面直线及其所成的角;LQ:平面与平面之间的位置关系.【专题】11:计算题;14:证明题.【分析】(1)欲证DE为异面直线AB1与CD的公垂线,即证DE与异面直线AB1与CD垂直相交即可;(2)将AB1平移到DG,故∠CDG为异面直线AB1与CD的夹角,作HK⊥AC1,K 为垂足,连接B1K,由三垂线定理,得B1K⊥AC1,因此∠B1KH为二面角A1﹣AC1﹣B1的平面角,在三角形B1KH中求出此角即可.【解答】解:(1)连接A1B,记A1B与AB1的交点为F.因为面AA1BB1为正方形,故A1B⊥AB1,且AF=FB1,又AE=3EB1,所以FE=EB1,又D为BB1的中点,故DE∥BF,DE⊥AB1.作CG⊥AB,G为垂足,由AC=BC知,G为AB中点.又由底面ABC⊥面AA1B1B.连接DG,则DG∥AB1,故DE⊥DG,由三垂线定理,得DE⊥CD.所以DE为异面直线AB1与CD的公垂线.(2)因为DG∥AB1,故∠CDG为异面直线AB1与CD的夹角,∠CDG=45°设AB=2,则AB1=,DG=,CG=,AC=.作B1H⊥A1C1,H为垂足,因为底面A1B1C1⊥面AA1CC1,故B1H⊥面AA1C1C.又作HK⊥AC1,K为垂足,连接B1K,由三垂线定理,得B1K⊥AC1,因此∠B1KH 为二面角A1﹣AC1﹣B1的平面角.B1H=,C1H=,AC1=,HK=tan∠B1KH=,∴二面角A1﹣AC1﹣B1的大小为arctan.【点评】本试题主要考查空间的线面关系与空间角的求解,考查考生的空间想象与推理计算的能力.三垂线定理是立体几何的最重要定理之一,是高考的热点,它是处理线线垂直问题的有效方法,同时它也是确定二面角的平面角的主要手段.通过引入空间向量,用向量代数形式来处理立体几何问题,淡化了传统几何中的“形”到“形”的推理方法,从而降低了思维难度,使解题变得程序化,这是用向量解立体几何问题的独到之处.20.(12分)如图,由M到N的电路中有4个元件,分别标为T1,T2,T3,T4,电流能通过T1,T2,T3的概率都是P,电流能通过T4的概率是0.9,电流能否通过各元件相互独立.已知T1,T2,T3中至少有一个能通过电流的概率为0.999.(Ⅰ)求P;(Ⅱ)求电流能在M与N之间通过的概率.【考点】C5:互斥事件的概率加法公式;C8:相互独立事件和相互独立事件的概率乘法公式.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】(1)设出基本事件,将要求事件用基本事件的来表示,将T1,T2,T3至少有一个能通过电流用基本事件表示并求出概率即可求得p.(Ⅱ)根据题意,B表示事件:电流能在M与N之间通过,根据电路图,可得B=A4+(1﹣A4)A1A3+(1﹣A4)(1﹣A1)A2A3,由互斥事件的概率公式,代入数据计算可得答案.【解答】解:(Ⅰ)根据题意,记电流能通过T i为事件A i,i=1、2、3、4,A表示事件:T1,T2,T3,中至少有一个能通过电流,易得A1,A2,A3相互独立,且,P()=(1﹣p)3=1﹣0.999=0.001,计算可得,p=0.9;(Ⅱ)根据题意,B表示事件:电流能在M与N之间通过,有B=A4+(1﹣A4)A1A3+(1﹣A4)(1﹣A1)A2A3,则P(B)=P(A4+(1﹣A4)A1A3+(1﹣A4)(1﹣A1)A2A3)=0.9+0.1×0.9×0.9+0.1×0.1×0.9×0.9=0.9891.【点评】本题考查了概率中的互斥事件、对立事件及独立事件的概率,注意先明确事件之间的关系,进而选择对应的公式来计算.21.(12分)已知斜率为1的直线l与双曲线C:相交于B、D两点,且BD的中点为M(1,3).(Ⅰ)求C的离心率;(Ⅱ)设C的右顶点为A,右焦点为F,|DF|•|BF|=17,证明:过A、B、D三点的圆与x轴相切.【考点】J9:直线与圆的位置关系;KC:双曲线的性质;KH:直线与圆锥曲线的综合.【专题】11:计算题;14:证明题;16:压轴题.【分析】(Ⅰ)由直线过点(1,3)及斜率可得直线方程,直线与双曲线交于BD 两点的中点为(1,3),可利用直线与双曲线消元后根据中点坐标公式找出a,b的关系式即求得离心率.(Ⅱ)利用离心率将条件|FA||FB|=17,用含a的代数式表示,即可求得a,则A点坐标可得(1,0),由于A在x轴上所以,只要证明2AM=BD即证得.【解答】解:(Ⅰ)由题设知,l的方程为:y=x+2,代入C的方程,并化简,得(b2﹣a2)x2﹣4a2x﹣a2b2﹣4a2=0,设B(x1,y1),D(x2,y2),则,,①由M(1,3)为BD的中点知.故,即b2=3a2,②故,∴C的离心率.(Ⅱ)由①②知,C的方程为:3x2﹣y2=3a2,A(a,0),F(2a,0),.故不妨设x1≤﹣a,x2≥a,,,|BF|•|FD|=(a﹣2x1)(2x2﹣a)=﹣4x1x2+2a(x1+x2)﹣a2=5a2+4a+8.又|BF|•|FD|=17,故5a2+4a+8=17.解得a=1,或(舍去),故=6,连接MA,则由A(1,0),M(1,3)知|MA|=3,从而MA=MB=MD,且MA⊥x轴,因此以M为圆心,MA为半径的圆经过A、B、D三点,且在点A处与x轴相切,所以过A、B、D三点的圆与x轴相切.【点评】本题考查了圆锥曲线、直线与圆的知识,考查学生运用所学知识解决问题的能力.22.(12分)设函数f(x)=1﹣e﹣x.(Ⅰ)证明:当x>﹣1时,f(x)≥;(Ⅱ)设当x≥0时,f(x)≤,求a的取值范围.【考点】6E:利用导数研究函数的最值.【专题】15:综合题;16:压轴题.【分析】(1)将函数f(x)的解析式代入f(x)≥整理成e x≥1+x,组成新函数g(x)=e x﹣x﹣1,然后根据其导函数判断单调性进而可求出函数g(x)的最小值g(0),进而g(x)≥g(0)可得证.(2)先确定函数f(x)的取值范围,然后对a分a<0和a≥0两种情况进行讨论.当a<0时根据x的范围可直接得到f(x)≤不成立;当a≥0时,令h(x)=axf(x)+f(x)﹣x,然后对函数h(x)进行求导,根据导函数判断单调性并求出最值,求a的范围.【解答】解:(1)当x>﹣1时,f(x)≥当且仅当e x≥1+x令g(x)=e x﹣x﹣1,则g'(x)=e x﹣1当x≥0时g'(x)≥0,g(x)在[0,+∞)是增函数当x≤0时g'(x)≤0,g(x)在(﹣∞,0]是减函数于是g(x)在x=0处达到最小值,因而当x∈R时,g(x)≥g(0)时,即e x≥1+x所以当x>﹣1时,f(x)≥(2)由题意x≥0,此时f(x)≥0当a<0时,若x>﹣,则<0,f(x)≤不成立;当a≥0时,令h(x)=axf(x)+f(x)﹣x,则f(x)≤当且仅当h(x)≤0因为f(x)=1﹣e﹣x,所以h'(x)=af(x)+axf'(x)+f'(x)﹣1=af(x)﹣axf (x)+ax﹣f(x)(i)当0≤a≤时,由(1)知x≤(x+1)f(x)h'(x)≤af(x)﹣axf(x)+a(x+1)f(x)﹣f(x)=(2a﹣1)f(x)≤0,h(x)在[0,+∞)是减函数,h(x)≤h(0)=0,即f(x)≤;(ii)当a>时,由y=x﹣f(x)=x﹣1+e﹣x,y′=1﹣e﹣x,x>0时,函数y递增;x<0,函数y递减.可得x=0处函数y取得最小值0,即有x≥f(x).h'(x)=af(x)﹣axf(x)+ax﹣f(x)≥af(x)﹣axf(x)+af(x)﹣f(x)=(2a ﹣1﹣ax)f(x)当0<x<时,h'(x)>0,所以h'(x)>0,所以h(x)>h(0)=0,即f(x)>综上,a的取值范围是[0,]【点评】本题主要考查导数的应用和利用导数证明不等式,考查考生综合运用知识的能力及分类讨论的思想,考查考生的计算能力及分析问题、解决问题的能力;导数常作为高考的压轴题,对考生的能力要求非常高,它不仅要求考生牢固掌握基础知识、基本技能,还要求考生具有较强的分析能力和计算能力.估计以后对导数的考查力度不会减弱.作为压轴题,主要是涉及利用导数求最值解决恒成立问题,利用导数证明不等式等,常伴随对参数的讨论,这也是难点之所在.。

2010年全国统一高考真题化学试卷(全国卷ⅱ)(含答案及解析)

2010年全国统一高考真题化学试卷(全国卷ⅱ)(含答案及解析)

2010年全国统一高考化学试卷(全国卷Ⅱ)一、选择题1.(3分)下列反应中,可用离子方程式H++OH﹣=H2O表示的是()A.NH4Cl+NaOH NaCl+NH3↑+H2OB.Mg(OH)2+2HCl=MgCl2+2H2OC.NaOH+NaHCO3=Na2CO3+H2OD.NaOH+HNO3=NaNO3+H2O2.(3分)下面均是正丁烷与氧气反应的热化学方程式(25°,101kPa):①C4H10(g)+O2(g)=4CO2(g)+5H2O(l)△H=﹣2878kJ/mol②C4H10(g)+O2(g)=4CO2(g)+5H2O(g)△H=﹣2658kJ/mol③C4H10(g)+O2(g)=4CO(g)+5H2O(l)△H=﹣1746kJ/mol④C4H10(g)+O2(g)=4CO(g)+5H2O(g)△H=﹣1526kJ/mol由此判断,正丁烷的燃烧热是()A.﹣2878kJ/mol B.﹣2658kJ/mol C.﹣1746kJ/mol D.﹣1526kJ/mol 3.(3分)在相同条件下,下列说法错误的是()A.氯气在饱和食盐水中的溶解度小于在纯水中的溶解度B.碘在碘化钾溶液中的溶解度大于在纯水中的溶解度C.醋酸在醋酸钠溶液中电离的程度大于在纯水中电离的程度D.工业上生产硫酸的过程中使用过量的空气可提高SO2的利用率4.(3分)相同体积、相同pH的某一元强酸溶液①和某一元中强酸溶液②分别与足量的锌粉发生反应,下列关于氢气体积(V)随时间(t)变化的示意图正确的是()A.B.C.D.5.(3分)若(NH4)2SO4在强热时分解的产物是SO2、N2、NH3和H2O,则该反应中化合价发生变化和未发生变化的N原子数之比为()A.1:4B.1:2C.2:1D.4:16.(3分)在一定温度、压强下,向100mLCH4和Ar的混合气体中通入400mLO2,点燃使其完全燃烧,最后在相同条件下得到干燥气体460mL,则反应前混合气体中CH4和Ar物质的量之比是()A.1:4B.1:3C.1:2D.1:17.(3分)短周期元素W、X、Y、Z的原子序数依次增大,且W、X、Y+、Z 的最外层电子数与其电子层数的比值依次为2、3、4、2(不考虑零族元素).下列关于这些元素的叙述错误的是()A.X和其他三种元素均可形成至少2种二元化合物B.W和X、Z两种元素分别形成的二元化合物中,均有直线形分子C.W、X和Y三种元素可以形成碱性化合物D.Z和其他三种元素形成的二元化合物,其水溶液均呈酸性8.(3分)三位科学家因在烯烃复分解反应研究中的杰出贡献而荣获2005年度诺贝尔化学奖,烯烃复分解反应可示意如图:下列化合物中,经过烯烃复分解反应可以生成的是()A.B.C.D.二、非选题9.(15分)向2L密闭容器中通入amol 气体A和bmol气体B,在一定条件下发生反应:xA(g)+yB(g)⇌pC(g)+qD(g)已知:平均反应速率v C=;反应2min 时,A的浓度减少了,B的物质的量减少了mol,有a mol D生成.回答下列问题:(1)反应2min内,v A=,v B;(2)化学方程式中,x=、y=、p=、q=;(3)反应平衡时,D为2amol,则B的转化率为;(4)如果只升高反应温度,其他反应条件不变,平衡时D为 1.5a mol,则该反应的△H0;(填“>”、“<”或“=”))如果其他条件不变,将容器的容积变为1L,进行同样的实验,则与上述反应比较:①反应速率(填“增大”、“减小”或“不变”),理由是;②平衡时反应物的转化率(填“增大”、“减小”或“不变”),理由是.10.(15分)A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H、和I、是中学化学中常见的气体,它们均由短周期元素组成,具有如下性质:①A、B、E、F、G能使湿润的蓝色石蕊试纸变红,I能使湿润的红色石蕊试纸变蓝,C、D、H不能使湿润的石蕊试纸变色;②A和I相遇产生白色烟雾;③B和E都能使品红溶液褪色;④将红热的铜丝放入装有B的瓶中,瓶内充满棕黄色的烟;⑤将点燃的镁条放入装有F的瓶中,镁条剧烈燃烧,生成白色粉末,瓶内壁附着黑色颗粒;⑥C和D相遇生成红棕色气体;⑦G在D中燃烧可以产生E和H2O;⑧将B和H 在瓶中混合后于亮处放置几分钟,瓶内壁出现油状液滴并产生A.回答下列问题:(1)A的化学式是,②中烟雾的化学式是;(2)④中发生反应的化学方程式是;(3)⑤中发生反应的化学方程式是;(4)C的化学式是,D的化学式是;(5)⑦中发生反应的化学方程式是;(6)H的化学式是.11.(15分)如图是一个用铂丝作电极,电解稀的MgSO4溶液的装置,电解液中加有中性红指示剂,此时溶液呈红色.(指示剂的pH变色范围:6.8~8.0,酸色﹣红色,碱色﹣黄色).回答下列问题:(1)下列关于电解过程中电极附近溶液颜色变化的叙述正确的是(填编号);①A管溶液由红变黄;②B管溶液由红变黄;③A管溶液不变色;④B管溶液不变色;(2)写出A管中发生反应的反应式:;(3)写出B管中发生反应的反应式:;(4)检验a管中气体的方法是;(5)检验b管中气体的方法是;(6)电解一段时间后,切断电源,将电解液倒入烧杯内观察到的现象是.12.(15分)如图中A~J均为有机化合物,根据图1中的信息,回答下列问题:(1)环状化合物A的相对分子质量为82,其中含碳87.80%,含氢12.20%.B 的一氯代物仅有一种,B的结构简式为;(2)M是B的一种同分异构体,M能使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色,分子中所有的碳原子共平面,则M的结构简式为;(3)由A生成D的反应类型是,由D生成E的反应类型是;(4)G的分子式为C6H10O4,0.146gG需用20mL0.100mol/L NaOH溶液完全中和,J是一种高分子化合物.则由G转化为J的化学方程式为;(5)分子中含有两个碳碳双键,且两个双键之间有一个碳碳单键的烯烃与单烯烃可发生如图2反应则由E和A反应生成F的化学方程式为;(6)H中含有的官能团是,I中含有的官能团是.2010年全国统一高考化学试卷(全国卷Ⅱ)参考答案与试题解析一、选择题1.(3分)下列反应中,可用离子方程式H++OH﹣=H2O表示的是()A.NH4Cl+NaOH NaCl+NH3↑+H2OB.Mg(OH)2+2HCl=MgCl2+2H2OC.NaOH+NaHCO3=Na2CO3+H2OD.NaOH+HNO3=NaNO3+H2O【考点】49:离子方程式的书写.【专题】516:离子反应专题.【分析】稀的强酸与稀的强碱反应生成可溶性盐和水的离子反应可用H++OH﹣=H2O表示,以此来解答.【解答】解:A.该反应为固体与固体加热条件下的反应,不属于离子反应,故A不选;B.Mg(OH)2为不溶性弱碱,不能用H++OH﹣=H2O表示,故B不选;C.NaOH+NaHCO3=Na2CO3+H2O的离子反应为OH﹣+HCO3﹣=CO32﹣+H2O,故C 不选;D.NaOH+HNO3=NaNO3+H2O为稀的强酸与稀的强碱反应生成可溶性盐和水的离子反应,可用H++OH﹣=H2O表示,故选D;故选:D。

2010年全国各地高考真题及参考答案汇总

2010年全国各地高考真题及参考答案汇总
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2010年全国各地高考真题及参考答案汇总
秀才专题:2010年全国各地高考真题及参考答案汇总
【博览群书】2010-08-07 15:39:50阅读224评论7字号:大中小订阅
《秀才专题》
2010年全国各地高考真题及参考答案汇总
今年的高考已然过去,明年的高考将如约来临,还没越过龙门的秀才们,这将是你最好的练习地~

【真题】2010年江苏省高考数学试题(含附加题+答案)

【真题】2010年江苏省高考数学试题(含附加题+答案)

绝密★启用前2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏卷)数学注意事项考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求1、本试卷共4页,包含填空题(第1题~第14题)、解答题(第15题~第20题)两部分。

本试卷满分160分,考试时间为120分钟。

考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

2、答题前,请您务必将自己的姓名、考试证号用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡上。

3、请认真核对监考员所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、考试证号是否与您本人的相符。

4、作答非选择题必须用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔写在答题卡上的指定位置,在其它位置作答一律无效。

作答选择题必须用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案。

5、如有作图需要,可用2B 铅笔作答,并请加黑加粗,描写清楚。

参考公式:锥体的体积公式:V 锥体=13Sh ,其中S 是锥体的底面积,h 是高。

一、填空题:本大题共1小题,每小题5分,共70分.1、设集合A={-1,1,3},B={a+2,a 2+4},A ∩B={3},则实数a =______▲_____.2、设复数z 满足z(2-3i)=6+4i (其中i 为虚数单位),则z 的模为______▲_____.3、盒子中有大小相同的3只白球,1只黑球,若从中随机地摸出两只球,两只球颜色不同的概率是_▲__.4、某棉纺厂为了了解一批棉花的质量,从中随机抽取了100根棉花纤维的长度(棉花纤维的长度是棉花质量的重要指标),所得数据都在区间[5,40]中,其频率分布直方图如图所示,则其抽样的100根中,有_▲___根在棉花纤维的长度小于20mm 。

5、设函数f(x)=x(e x +ae -x )(x ∈R)是偶函数,则实数a =_______▲_________6、在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,双曲线112422=-y x 上一点M ,点M 的横坐标是3,则M 到双曲线右焦点的距离是___▲_______7、右图是一个算法的流程图,则输出S 的值是______▲_______8、函数y=x 2(x>0)的图像在点(a k ,a k 2)处的切线与x 轴交点的横坐标为a k+1,k 为正整数,a 1=16,则a 1+a 3+a 5=____▲_____9、在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,已知圆422=+y x 上有且仅有四个点到直线12x-5y+c=0的距离为1,则实数c 的取值范围是______▲_____10、定义在区间⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛20π,上的函数y=6cosx 的图像与y=5tanx 的图像的交点为P ,过点P 作PP 1⊥x 轴于点P 1,直线PP 1与y=sinx 的图像交于点P 2,则线段P 1P 2的长为_______▲_____。

2010年专八真题及答案

2010年专八真题及答案

2010年专八真题汉译英参考答案
Friends tend to become more intimated if they have the same interests and temper, they can get along well and keep contacting; otherwise they will separate and end the relationship. Friends who are more familiar and closer can not be too casual and show no respect. Otherwise the harmony and balance will be broken, and the friendship will also be nonexistent any more. Everyone hopes to have his own private space, and if too casual among friends, it is easy to invade this piece of restricted areas, which will lead to the conflict, resulting in alienation. It may be a small matter to be rude to friends; however, it is likely to plant the devastating seeds. The best way to keep the close relationship between friends is to keep contacts with restraint, and do not bother each other.

2010年高考 山东卷文科数学试题及答案

2010年高考 山东卷文科数学试题及答案

绝密★启用前 试卷类型:B2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)文科数学注意事项:1答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上.并将准考证 号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置,用2B 铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型B 后的方框涂黑。

2选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。

3填空题和解答题用0 5毫米黑色墨水箍字笔将答案直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区 域内。

答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。

4考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第I 卷(共60分)一.选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

(1) 已知全集U R =,集合{}240M x x =-≤,则U C M =A. {}22x x -<<B. {}22x x -≤≤ C .{}22x x x <->或 D. {}22x x x ≤-≥或 (2)已知()2,a i b i a b R i+=+∈,其中i 为虚数单位,则a b +=A. 1-B. 1C. 2D. 3 (3)函数()()2log 31x f x =+的值域为A. ()0,+∞B. )0,+∞⎡⎣C. ()1,+∞D. )1,+∞⎡⎣ (4)在空间,下列命题正确的是 A.平行直线的平行投影重合B.平行于同一直线的两个平面平行C.垂直于同一平面的两个平面平行D.垂直于同一平面的两条直线平行(5)设()f x 为定义在R 上的奇函数,当0x ≥时,()22xf x x b =++(b 为常数),则(1)f -=(A )-3 (B )-1 (C )1 (D)3 (6)在某项体育比赛中,七位裁判为一选手打出的分数如下: 90 89 90 95 93 94 93去掉一个最高分和一个最低分后,所剩数据的平均值和方差分别为 (A )92 , 2 (B) 92 , 2.8 (C) 93 , 2 (D) 93 , 2.8(7)设{}n a 是首项大于零的等比数列,则“12a a <”是“数列{}n a 是递增数列”的 (A )充分而不必要条件 (B)必要而不充分条件(C)充分必要条件 (D)既不充分也不必要条件(8)已知某生产厂家的年利润y (单位:万元)与年产量x (单位:万件)的幻术关系式为31812343y x x =-+-,则使该生产厂家获得最大年利润的年产量为(A )13万件 (B)11万件 (C) 9万件 (D)7万件(9)已知抛物线22(0)y px p =>,过其焦点且斜率为1的直线交抛物线与A 、B 两点,若线段A B 的中点的纵坐标为2,则该抛物线的准线方程为 (A )1x = (B)1x =- (C)2x = (D)2x =-(10)观察2'()2x x =,4'3()4x x =,'(cos )sin x x =-,由归纳推理可得:若定义在R 上的函数()f x 满足()()f x f x -=,记()g x 为()f x 的导函数,则()g x -= (A )()f x (B)()f x - (C) ()g x (D)()g x - (11)函数22x y x =-的图像大致是(12)定义平面向量之间的一种运算“ ”如下:对任意的(,)a m n =,(,)b p q =,令a b m q n p =- ,下面说法错误的是(A)若a 与b 共线,则0a b = (B)a b b a =(C)对任意的R λ∈,有()()a b a b λλ= (D)2222()()||||a b a b a b ++=二、填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题4分,共16分.(13)执行右图所示的程序框图,若输入2n m <+4x =,则输出y 的值为 .(14)已知,x y R +∈,且满足134x y +=,则xy 的最大值为 .(15) 在ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 所对的边分别为a ,b ,c ,若a =2b =,sin cos B B +=则角A 的大小为 . (16) 已知圆C 过点(1,0),且圆心在x 轴的正半轴上,直线l :1y x =-被该圆所截得的弦长为C 的标准方程为 .三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共74分. (17)(本小题满分12分)已知函数2()sin()cos cos f x x x x πωωω=-+(0ω>)的最小正周期为π, (Ⅰ)求ω的值;(Ⅱ)将函数()y f x =的图像上各点的横坐标缩短到原来的12,纵坐标不变,得到函数()y g x =的图像,求函数()y g x =在区间0,16π⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上的最小值.(18)(本小题满分12分)已知等差数列{}n a 满足:37a =,5726a a +=.{}n a 的前n 项和为n S .(Ⅰ)求n a 及n S ;(Ⅱ)令211n n b a =-(n N +∈),求数列{}n b 的前n 项和n T .(19)(本小题满分12分)一个袋中装有四个现状大小完全相同的球,球的编号分别为1,2,3,4. (Ⅰ)从袋中随机抽取两个球,求取出的球的编号之和不大于4的概率;(Ⅱ)先从袋中随机取一个球,该球的编号为m ,将球放回袋中,然后再从袋中随机取一个球,该球的编号为n ,求2n m <+的概率.(20)(本小题满分12分)在如图所示的几何体中,四边形A B C D 是正方形,M A ⊥平面A B C D ,//P D M A ,E 、G 、F 分别为M B 、P B 、P C 的中点,且2AD PD M A ==.(I )求证:平面E F G ⊥平面P D C ;(II )求三棱锥P M AB -与四棱锥P A B C D -的体积 之比.(21)(本小题满分12分) 已知函数1()ln 1()a f x x ax a R x-=-+-∈(I )当1a =-时,求曲线()y f x =在点(2,(2))f 处的切线方程;(II )当12a ≤时,讨论()f x 的单调性.(22)(本小题满分14分)如图,已知椭圆22221 (0)x y a b ab+=>>过点.(1,2,离心率为2,左、右焦点分别为1F 、2F .点P 为直线:2l x y +=上且不在x 轴上的任意一点,直线1PF 和2P F 与椭圆的交点分别为A 、B 和C 、D ,O 为坐标原点. (I )求椭圆的标准方程;(II )设直线1PF 、2P F 的斜线分别为1k 、2k .(i )证明:12132k k -=;(ii )问直线l 上是否存在点P ,使得直线O A 、O B 、O C 、O D 的斜线O A k 、O B k 、O C k 、O D k 满足0O A O B O C O D k k k k +++=?若存在,求出所有满足条件的点P 的坐标;若不存在,说明理由.。

2010年考研数学三真题及答案解析

2010年考研数学三真题及答案解析

2010年考研数学三真题一.选择题1.若1])1(1[lim =--→xox e a xx 则a =A0 B1 C2 D32.设21,y y 是一阶线性非齐次微分方程)()(x q y x p y =+'的两个特解,若常数μλ,使21y y μλ+是该方程的解,21y y μλ-是该方程对应的齐次方程的解,则A 21,21==μλ B 21,21-=-=μλ C 31,32==μλ D 32,32==μλ3.设函数f(x),g(x)具有二阶导数,且.0)(<''x g 若a x g =)(0是g(x)的极值,则f(g(x))在0x 取极大值的一个充分条件是A 0)(<'a fB 0)(>'a fC 0)(<''a fD 0)(>''a f 4设1010)(,)(,ln )(xex h x x g x x f ===则当x 充分大时有Ag(x)<h(x)<f(x) Bh(x)<g(x)<f(x) Cf(x)<g(x)<h(x) Dg(x)<f(x)<h(x)5设向量组线性表示,,,:,可由向量组s I βββααα⋯⋯21r 21II ,,:,下列命题正确的是: A 若向量组I 线性无关,则s r ≤ B 若向量组I 线性相关,则r>sC 若向量组II 线性无关,则s r ≤D 若向量组II 线性相关,则r>s 6.设A 为4阶实对称矩阵,且02=+A A ,若A 的秩为3,则A 相似于A ⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛0111B ⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-0111C ⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--0111D ⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛---0111 7.设随机变量X 的分布函数⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥-<≤<=-1,110,21,0)(x e x x x F x,则P (X=1)=A0 B21 C 121--e D 11--e 8.设)(1x f 为标准正态分布概率密度,)(2x f 为[-1,3]上均匀分布的概率密度,若⎩⎨⎧<>≥≤=)0,0(0),(0),()(21b a x x bf x x af x f 为概率密度,则a,b 满足:A2a+3b=4 B3a+2b=4 Ca+b=1 Da+b=2二.填空题9.设可导函数y=y(x),由方程⎰⎰=+-xyx t dt t x dt e 020sin 2确定,则____________0==x dxdy10.设位于曲线)()ln 1(12+∞<≤+=x e x x y 下方,x 轴上方的无界区域为G ,则G 绕x轴旋转一周所得空间区域的体积为____________11.设某商品的收益函数R(p),收益弹性为31p +,其中p 为价格,且R(1)=1,则R(p)=________________12.若曲线123+++=bx ax x y 有拐点(-1,0),则b=_____________13.设A ,B 为3阶矩阵,且2,2,31=+==-B A B A ,则_________1=+-B A14.设___________ET ,1T )0)(,(N ,,122321==>⋯∑=则计量的简单随机样本。

2010年全国高考试题及答案-全国汇总

2010年全国高考试题及答案-全国汇总

2010年高考文综全国卷Ⅰ一、选择题12.中国古代常用五行相生相克解释朝代更替,称作“五德”。

每个朝代在“五德”中都有相应的次序。

曹魏被定为“土德”,通过“禅让”代魏的两晋应为A金德 B木德 C水德 D火德【答案】12.A【解析】土生金,木克土。

通过禅让,魏与西晋应属于相生关系,故选A13欧阳修上疏说:“京城近有雕印文集二十卷,名为《宋文》者,多是当今议论时政之言……详其语言,不可流布,而雕印之人,不知事体,窃恐流布渐广,传之虏中,大于朝廷不便……(请)今后如有不经官司详令,妄行雕印文集,并不得货卖。

”这反映了A宋代活字印刷开始普及 B书籍出版业受到政府的有效管理C北宋与契丹关系紧张 D文化传播方式影响政府管理【答案】13.D【解析】活字印刷由北宋毕昇发明,还没普及,A不对;B题干未体现;C与题干无关。

故选D14表1反映了这一时期A 政府强化了对关税的控制B 连年战争使农村经济日趋凋敝C 民族工商业发展陷入停滞D 财政收入越来越倚重商品流通【答案】14.D【解析】中法战争后政府的关税权没有加强,故A错;BC与题干不符。

15 1913年,某身着日式服装的革命党人途遇一老农,老农询问其国籍,某称“予中华民国人也”。

老农“忽作惊状,似绝不解中华民国为何物者,”当被告知亦为中华民国人时,老农茫然惶然,连声说:“我非革命党,我非中华民国人。

”这表明A 国内民众的反日情绪强烈B 革命党人处于不合法状态C 辛亥革命对农村影响有限D 农民阶级不支持辛亥革命【答案】15.C【解析】辛亥革命没有广泛的群众基础,是其失败的一个重要原因,故选C。

其他选项与材料无关。

16 国民党《中央日报》就国共关系某一事件的影响评论道:“这一结果固然还有不能尽如人意的地方,但内战之不致发生,却已有确实的保障。

”这指的是A国民党一大召开 B西安事变的和平解决C《双十协定》的签订 D达成《国内和平协定》【答案】16.C【解析】1924年1月国民党一大的召开标志着国共合作的开始,故A错;国名党撕毁协议,发动内战,故B错;国名党没有在《国内和平协定》上签字,和谈破裂,故D错17.1960年起,《人民日报》、《红旗》杂志等对欧洲共同体的正面报道组建增多,这表明中国开始调整对西欧的外交政策,其主要背景是A三个世界理论的提出 B社会主义国家间关系的变化C美苏两国间的变化 D资本主义国家间关系的变化【答案】17.B【解析】三个世界理论是毛泽东70年代提出的;美苏关系在60年代是紧张关系;D与题干不符18 19世纪上半叶,法国农村盛行一种“家庭加工系统”,即工厂本身或通过承包商把产品原料分给一些家庭加工,然后收回成品。

2010年考研真题数学二试题及参考答案

2010年考研真题数学二试题及参考答案

2010年考研真题:数学二试题及参考答案2010年考研数学二试题及参考答案一、选择题(本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分)1.选出下列不等式的解集: (A) x^2 - 3x + 2 > 0 (B) x^2 - 3x + 2 ≥ 0(C) x^2 - 3x + 2 < 0 (D) x^2 - 3x + 2 ≤ 0 正确答案:(A)2.设函数 f(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 2x - 1, 则 f(x) 的单调增区间为: (A) (-∞, 1) (B) (1, +∞) (C) (-∞, 1]∪[2, +∞) (D) (1, 2) 正确答案:(C) 3.若 a, b, c 均为正整数,且 a + b + c = 11,则 a, b, c 的取值个数为: (A) 45 (B) 55 (C) 66 (D) 77 正确答案:(B)4.已知函数 f(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 2x - 1,则 f(x) 有重根的条件是: (A)f(1) = 0 (B) f'(1) = 0 (C) f''(1) = 0 (D) f'''(1) = 0 正确答案:(C) 5.设 a, b, c 均为正整数,且 a + b + c = 12,则 a, b, c 的不等式约束条件个数为: (A) 55 (B) 66 (C) 77 (D) 78 正确答案:(D)6.设函数 f(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 2x - 1, 则 f(x) 的极值点个数为: (A) 0(B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3 正确答案:(A)7.设函数 f(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 2x - 1, 则 f(x) 在(0, +∞) 上的最大值为: (A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5 正确答案:(D)8.设函数 f(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 2x - 1, 则 f(x) 在 (-∞, 0) 上的最小值为: (A) -2 (B) -3 (C) -4 (D) -5 正确答案:(A)9.设函数 f(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 2x - 1, 则 f(x) 的单调减区间为: (A) (0,1) (B) (1, +∞) (C) (-∞, 1]∪[2, +∞) (D) (1, 2) 正确答案:(B) 10.设函数 f(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 2x - 1, 则 f(x) 在(0, +∞) 上的最小值为: (A) -2 (B) -3 (C) -4 (D) -5 正确答案:(C)11.设函数 f(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 2x - 1, 则 f(x) 的零点个数为: (A) 0 (B)1 (C)2 (D)3 正确答案:(C)12.设函数 f(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 2x - 1, 则 f(x) 在 (-∞, 0) 上的最大值为: (A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5 正确答案:(B)二、解答题(本大题共7小题,每小题10分,共70分)13.已知函数 f(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 2x - 1,求 f(x) 的极值点。

2010年考研英语真题(含答案解析)

2010年考研英语真题(含答案解析)

2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In 1924 America's National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting大1家workers' productivity. Instead, the studies ended 大2家giving their name to the "Hawthorneeffect", the extremely influential idea that the very 大3家to being experimented upon changed subjects' behavior.The idea arose because of the 大4家behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to 大5家of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not 大6家what was done in the experiment; 大7家something was changed, productivity rose. A(n) 大8家that they were being experimented upon seemed to be 大9家to alter workers' behavior 大10家itself.After several decades, the same data were 大11家to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments hasanother surprise store 大12家the descriptions on record, no systematic 大13家was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to 大14家interpretation of whathapped. 大15家, lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work started again on Monday, output大16家rose compared with the previous Saturday and 17 to rise for the next couple of days. 大18家, a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers 大19家to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case, before 大20家 a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged "Hawthorne effect" is hard to pin down.1. [A] affected [B] achieved [C] extracted [D] restored2. [A] at [B] up [C] with [D] off3. [A] truth [B] sight [C] act [D] proof4. [A] controversial [B] perplexing [C] mischievous [D] ambiguous5. [A] requirements [B] explanations [C] accounts [D] assessments6. [A] conclude [B] matter [C] indicate [D] work7. [A] as far as [B] for fear that [C] in case that [D] so long as8. [A] awareness [B] expectation [C] sentiment [D] illusion9. [A] suitable [B] excessive [C] enough [D] abundant10. [A] about [B] for [C] on [D] by11. [A] compared [B] shown [C] subjected [D] conveyed12. [A] contrary to [B] consistent with [C] parallel with [D] peculiar to13. [A] evidence [B] guidance [C] implication [D] source14. [A] disputable [B] enlightening [C] reliable [D] misleading15. [A] In contrast [B] For example [C] In consequence [D] As usual16. [A] duly [B] accidentally [C] unpredictably [D] suddenly17. [A] failed [B] ceased [C] started [D] continued18. [A] Therefore [B] Furthermore [C] However [D] Meanwhile19. [A] attempted [B] tended [C] chose [D]intended20. [A] breaking [B] climbing [C] surpassing [D] hittingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define ‘journalism’ as ‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to w riters who are.’”Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lif etime, though, he was also one of England’s foremost classical-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.Is there any chance that Cardus’s criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.21. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that[A] arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers.[B] English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews.[C] high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers.[D] young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.22. Newspaper reviews in England before World War II were characterized by[A] free themes.[B] casual style.[C] elaborate layout.[D] radical viewpoints.23. Which of the following would Shaw and Newman most probably agree on?[A] It is writers' duty to fulfill journalistic goals.[B] It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.[C] Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.[D] Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.24. What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs?[A] His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.[B] His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.[C] His style caters largely to modern specialists.[D] His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.25. What would be the best title for the text?[A] Newspapers of the Good Old Days[B] The Lost Horizon in Newspapers[C] Mournful Decline of Journalism[D] Prominent Critics in MemoryText 2Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods. received one for its "one-click" online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.Now the nation's top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S. court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski, as the case is known , is "a very big deal", says Dennis D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It "has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents." Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive rights to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court's judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should "reconsider" its state street Bank ruling. The Federal Circuit's action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the supreme Court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example the justices signaled that too manypatents were being upheld for "inventions" that are obvious. The judges on the Federal circuit are "reacting to the anti-patent trend at the Supreme Court", says Harold C. Wegner, a patent attorney and professor at George Washington University Law School.26. Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because of[A] their limited value to business[B] their connection with asset allocation[C] the possible restriction on their granting[D] the controversy over authorization27. Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?[A] Its ruling complies with the court decisions[B] It involves a very big business transaction[C] It has been dismissed by the Federal Circuit[D] It may change the legal practices in the U.S.28. The word "about-face" (Line 1, Para 3) most probably means[A] loss of good will[B] increase of hostility[C] change of attitude[D] enhancement of dignity29. We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patents[A] are immune to legal challenges[B] are often unnecessarily issued[C] lower the esteem for patent holders[D] increase the incidence of risks30. Which of the following would be the subject of the text?[A] A looming threat to business-method patents[B] Protection for business-method patent holders[C] A legal case regarding business-method patents[D] A prevailing trend against business-method patentsText 3In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well-connected. The idea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn't explain how ideas actually spread.The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the "two step flow of communication": Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else. Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those selected people will do most of the work for them. The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks, brands, or neighborhoods. In many such cases, a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing, promoting, or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention. Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trendsIn their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed. In fact, they don't seem to be required of all.The researchers' argument stems from a simple observing about social influence, with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don't interact with that many others. Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who, according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive social epidemics by influencing their friends and colleagues directly. For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected, must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential. If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant, for example from the initial influential prove resistant, for example the cascade of change won't propagate very far or affect many people. Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence, the researchers studied the dynamics of populations manipulating a number of variables relating of populations, manipulating a number of variables relating to people's ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced. Our work shows that the principal requirement for what we call "global cascades"– the widespread propagation of influence through networks – is the presence not of a few influentials but, rather, of a critical mass of easily influenced people, each of whom adopts, say, a look or a brand after being exposed to a single adopting neighbor. Regardless of how influential an individual is locally, he or she can exert global influence only if this critical mass is available to propagate a chain reaction.31. By citing the book The Tipping Point, the author intends to[A] analyze the consequences of social epidemics[B] discuss influentials' function in spreading ideas[C] exemplify people's intuitive response to social epidemics[D] describe the essential characteristics of influentials.32. The author suggests that the "two-step-flow theory"[A] serves as a solution to marketing problems[B] has helped explain certain prevalent trends[C] has won support from influentials[D] requires solid evidence for its validity33. What the researchers have observed recently shows that[A] the power of influence goes with social interactions[B] interpersonal links can be enhanced through the media[C] influentials have more channels to reach the public[D] most celebrities enjoy wide media attention34. The underlined phrase "these people" in paragraph 4 refers to the ones who[A] stay outside the network of social influence[B] have little contact with the source of influence[C] are influenced and then influence others[D] are influenced by the initial influential35. what is the essential element in the dynamics of social influence?[A] The eagerness to be accepted[B] The impulse to influence others[C] The readiness to be influenced[D] The inclination to rely on othersText 4Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public. Behind the scenes, they have been taking aim at someone else: the accounting standard-setters. Their rules, moan the banks, have forced them to report enormous losses, and it's just not fair. These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch.Unfortunately, banks' lobbying now seems to be working. The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised. And, unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers, reviving the banking system will be difficult.After a bruising encounter with Congress, America's Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) rushed through rule changes. These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets and more flexibility in recognizing losses on long-term assets in their income statement. Bob Herz, the FASB's chairman, cried out against those who "question our motives." Yet bank shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobby group politely calls "the use of judgment by management."European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) do likewise. The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning, but the pressure to fold when it completes it reconstruction of rules later this year is strong. Charlie McCreevy, a European commissioner, warned the IASB that it did "not live in a political vacuum" but "in the real word" and that Europe could yet develop different rules. It was banks that were on the wrong planet, with accounts that vastly overvalued assets. Today they argue that market prices overstate losses, because they largely reflect the temporary illiquidity of markets, not the likely extent of bad debts. The truth will not be known for years. But bank's shares trade below their book value, suggesting that investors are skeptical. And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses, yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains.To get the system working again, losses must be recognized and dealt with. America's new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive. Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters. The FASB and IASB have been exactly that, cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions, for example, against hostility from special interests. But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions.36. Bankers complained that they were forced to[A] follow unfavorable asset evaluation rules[B] collect payments from third parties[C] cooperate with the price managers[D] reevaluate some of their assets.37. According to the author , the rule changes of the FASB may result in[A] the diminishing role of management[B] the revival of the banking system[C] the banks' long-term asset losses[D] the weakening of its independence38. According to Paragraph 4, McCreevy objects to the IASB's attempt to[A] keep away from political influences.[B] evade the pressure from their peers.[C] act on their own in rule-setting.[D] take gradual measures in reform.39. The author thinks the banks were "on the wrong planet" in that they[A] misinterpreted market price indicators[B] exaggerated the real value of their assets[C] neglected the likely existence of bad debts.[D] denied booking losses in their sale of assets.40. The author's attitude towards standard-setters is one of[A] satisfaction.[B] skepticism.[C] objectiveness[D] sympathyPart BDirections:For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A-G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraph E has been correctly placed. There is one paragraph which does not fit in with the text. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)[A] The first and more important is the consumer's growing preference for eating out; the consumption of food and drink in places other than homes has risen from about 32 percent of total consumption in 1995 to 35 percent in 2000 and is expected to approach 38 percent by 2005. This development is boosting wholesale demand from the food service segment by 4 to 5 percent a year across Europe, compared with growth in retail demand of 1 to 2 percent. Meanwhile, as the recession is looming large, people are getting anxious. They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating at home a realistic alternative.[B] Retail sales of food and drink in Europe's largest markets are at a standstill, leaving European grocery retailers hungry for opportunities to grow. Most leading retailers have already tried e-commerce, with limited success, and expansion abroad. But almost all have ignored the big, profitable opportunity in their own backyard: the wholesale food and drink trade, which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.[C] Will such variations bring about a change in the overall structure of the food and drink market? Definitely not. The functioning of the market is based on flexible trends dominated by potential buyers. In other words, it is up to the buyer, rather than the seller, to decide what to buy .At any rate, this change will ultimately be acclaimed by an ever-growing number of both domestic and international consumers, regardless of how long the current consumer pattern will take hold.[D] All in all, this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their scale, existing infrastructure and proven skills in the management of product ranges, logistics, and marketing intelligence. Retailers that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well expect to rake in substantial profits thereby. At least, that is how it looks as a whole. Closer inspection reveals important differences among the biggest national markets, especially in their customer segments and wholesale structures, as well as the competitive dynamics of individual food and drink categories. Big retailers must understand these differences before they can identify the segments of European wholesaling in which their particular abilities might unseat smaller but entrenched competitors. New skills and unfamiliar business models are needed too.[E] Despite variations in detail, wholesale markets in the countries that have been closely examined—France, Germany, Italy, and Spain—are made out of the same building blocks. Demand comes mainly from two sources: independent mom-and-pop grocery stores which, unlike large retail chains, are two small to buy straight from producers, and food service operators that cater to consumers when they don't eat at home. Such food service operators range from snack machines to large institutional catering ventures, but most of these businesses are known in the trade as "horeca": hotels, restaurants, and cafes. Overall, Europe's wholesale market for food and drink is growing at the same sluggish pace as the retail market, but the figures, when added together, mask two opposing trends.[F] For example, wholesale food and drink sales come to $268 billion in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom in 2000—more than 40 percent of retail sales. Moreover, average overall margins are higher in wholesale than in retail; wholesale demand from the food service sector is growing quickly as more Europeans eat out more often; and changes in the competitive dynamics of this fragmented industry are at last making it feasible for wholesalers to consolidate.[G] However, none of these requirements should deter large retailers (and even some large good producers and existing wholesalers) from trying their hand, for those that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe stand to reap considerable gains.41→42→43→44→E→45Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance.When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it .We invert excuses to give it economic importance. At the beginning of century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing. (46) Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. the evidence had to be economic in order to be valid.It is painful to read these round about accounts today. We have no land ethic yet, (47) but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds. (48) Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on "worthless" species.Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly, or have too low a sale vale to pay as timber crops. (49) In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such,within reason.To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided. (50) It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. It assumes, falsely, I think, that the economic parts of the biotic clock will function without the uneconomic parts.Section Ⅲ WritingPart A51. Directions:You are supposed to write for the postgraduate association a notice to recruit volunteers for an international conference on globalization, you should conclude the basic qualification of applicant and the other information you think relative.You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "postgraduate association" instead.Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSHWER SHEET 2. (20 points)2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题答案46.科学家们提出一些明显站不住脚的证据迅速来拯救,其大意是:如果鸟类无法控制害虫,那么这些害虫就会吃光我们人类。

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2010年物业管理师全国统一考试试卷《物业管理基本制度与政策》一、单项选择题(共60题,每题1分,每题的备选项中,只有1个最符合题意)1.2003年9月1日,(B )的实施,标志着我国物业管理进入了法制化、规范化的新阶段。

A.《物权性》B.《物业管理条例》C.《业主大会规程》D.《前期物业管理招投标管理暂行办法》2.关于物业管理的说法,正确的是( B )A.物业管理的直接责任主体是物业服务企业B.物业管理的对象是房屋及其附属设施设备和相关场地C.物业管理的内容是维修、养护、管理D.物业管理的性质是公益性的公共服务活动3.业主大会设立后,新聘的物业服务企业应当与( B )办理承接验收手续。

A.居民委员会B.业主委员会C.建设单位D.原物业服务企业4.物业服务企业接受供水、供电、供气等单位委托,向业主代收相关费用时,( B )向业主收取额外费用。

A.可以B.不得C.协商D.约定5.业主与物业服务企业的关系是( C )的关系。

A.管理与被管理B.领导与被领导C.服务与被服务D.上级与下级6.物业服务企业与业主签订物业服务合同,是一种民事行为,民事行为最基本的原则,就在于其主体的平等性和行为的( C )。

A.约束性 B.独立性C.自愿性 D.合法性7.从物业服务合同的内容来看,物业服务企业与业主约定的物业服务事项具有(D )特点。

A.临时性 B.长期性C.专项性 D.综合性8.物业服务企业与业主之间基于物业服务合同形成交易关系,双方交易的标的物是( C )。

A.物业服务收费B.物业服务标准C.公共性物业服务D.物业管理区域9.关于“物业服务合同约定以外的服务”的说法,错误的是( D )。

A.物业服务合同约定以外的服务通常来自于单个业主的特殊需求B.物业服务合同约定以外的服务并不是物业服务企业的法定义务C.物业服务合同约定以外的服务通常是一种有偿义务D.单个业主可与物业服务企业协商,将特约服务作为物业服务合同的补充条款【2010年真题】10.《普通住宅小区物业管理服务等级标准(试行)》中的二级标准规定,业主对物业服务的满意率应当达到( A )以上。

A.75%B.80% C.85% D.90%11.实行物业服务费用酬金制的物业服务企业,应当向业主大会或者全体业主公告物业服务资金年度预决算,并不少于每( C )一次公布物业服务资金的收支情况。

A.季度B.半年C.年D.二年【2010年真题】12.下列费用中,不属于物业服务定价成本构成中人员费用的是( C )。

A.管理服务人员工资B.按规定提取的工会经费,职工教育经费C.管理服务人员的奖金D.由物业服务企业缴纳的各类社会保险费用和住房公积金【2010年真题】13.下列费用中,不得计入物业服务成本的是( B )。

A.物业管理区域清洁卫生费用B.物业共用设施设备的大、中修费用C.物业服务企业用于物业管理区域内的固定资产折旧D.业主同意的其它费用【2010年真题】14.业主违反物业服务合同约定,逾期不交纳物业服务费用的,(D)应当督促其限期交纳。

A.业主大会B.房产行政管理部门C.社区居民委员会D.业主委员会15.商品房住宅小区前期物业服务合同的甲方是( B )。

A.房地产行政主管部门B.物业建设单位C.当地街道办事处D.建筑施工单位16.关于前期物业服务合同的说法,正确的是( D )。

A.前期物业服务合同可以不约定期限B.前期物业服务合同是单务合同C.前期物业服务合同期限未满的,业主委员会不得与业主大会选聘的物业服务企业签订物业服务合同D.前期物业服务合同期限未满,业主委员会与业主大会选聘的物业服务企业签订的物业服务合同生效的,则前期物业服务合同终止17.关于物业使用与维护的说法,错误的是( C )。

A.供水、供电、供气等单位,应当依法承担物业管理区域内相关管线和设施设备维修、养护的责任B.业主需要装饰装修房屋的,应当事业告知物业服务企业C.业主在住宅室内装饰装修活动中,可以扩大承重墙上原有的门窗尺寸D.物业存在安全隐患,危及公共利益及他人合法权益时,责任人应当及时维修,有关业主应当给予配合【2010年真题】18.《住宅室内装饰装修管理办法》规定,装修人从事住宅室内装饰装修活动时,搭建建筑物、构筑物的,应当经过城市( B )行政主管部门的批准。

A.房产B.规划C.建设D.城管【2010年真题】19.关于业主在物业管理活动中应当履行的义务的说法,正确的是( A )。

A.业主应当遵守管理规约B.业主应当监督业主委员会的工作C.业主应当接受物业服务企业依约提供的服务D.业主应当制定业主大会议事规划【2010年真题】20.业主大会由物业管理区域内的( B )组成。

A.多数业主B.全体业主C.业主和使用人D.全体居民【2010年真题】21.在物业管理活动中,代表和维护物业管理区域内全体业主合法权益的是( B )。

A.业主委员会B.业主大会C.街道办事处、乡镇人民政府D.物业管理行政主管部门【2010年真题】22.业主大会会议应当有物业管理区域内( A )的业主参加A.专有部分占建筑总面积1/2以上且占总人数1/2以上B.专有部分占建筑总面积2/3以上且占总人数2/3以上C.专有部分占建筑总面积3/4以上且占总人数3/4以上D.专有部分占建筑总面积4/5以上且占总人数4/5以上【2010年真题】23.业主大会会议分为( C )。

A.书面征求意见和集体讨论B.定期会议和书面征求意见C.定期会议和临时会议D.临时会议和集体讨论【2010年真题】24.当提议召开业主大会临时会议的业主达到( B )以上时,业主委员应当及时组织召开业主大会临时会议。

A.10% B.20%C.30 D.40%【2010年真题】25.下列事项中,需经专有部分占建筑总面积2/3以上的业主且占总人数2/3以上的业主同意的是( C )。

A.制定业主大会议事规则B.制定管理规约C.改建、重建建筑物及其附属设施D.选聘物业服务企业【2010年真题】26.下列事项中,应当经专有部分占建筑物总面积1/2以上的业主且占总人数1/2以上的业主同意才能作出决定的是( B )。

A.筹集电梯大修资金B.选聘和解聘物业服务企业C.改建楼顶水箱D.监督或协助物业服务企业履行物业服务合同【2010年真题】27.下列事项中,属于业主委员会职责的是( A )。

A.保管业主大会及业主委员会会议记录及有关印章,财物等B.修改管理规约和业主大会议事规则C.更换业主委员会成员D.决定使用专项维修资金【2010年真题】28.管理规约由( C )制定。

A.开发商 B.政府C.全体业主D.物业服务企业【2010年真题】29.关于管理规约效力的说法,正确的是( D )。

A.管理规约对物业的继受人不具有约束力B.管理规约对物业使用人不具有约束力C.管理规约对生效后新入住的业主不具有约束力D.管理规约对尚未售完房屋的建设单位具有约束力【2010年真题】30.物业买受人在与建设单位签订物业买卖合同时,应当对遵守临时管理规约予以( D )。

A.表示同意B.补充完善C.另行约定D.书面承诺【2010年真题】31.前期物业管理招投标活动应当遵循的原则是公开、公平、公正和( C )。

A.质价相符B.资信相符C.诚实信用D.协商一致【2010年真题】32.新建现售商品住房项目的前期物业管理招标投标工作应在现售前( B )日完成。

A.15 B.30C.60 D.90【2010年真题】33.某小区前期物业管理招标时,评标委员会的组成人员中,招标人的代表是2人,则物业管理方面的专家人数不得少于( D )人。

A.2 B.3C.4 D.5【2010年真题】34.在前期物业管理招标投标中,评标委员会根据评分结果按规定向招标人推荐了合格的中标人。

招标人确定中标人的办法是( B )。

A.任选其中一个为中标人B.按照中标候选人的排序确定中标人C.报请房地产行政主管部门确定中标人D.将其中报价最低的确定为中标人【2010年真题】35.新建物业承接查验时,应当向物业服务企业移交物业档案资料的是( B )。

A.业主B.建设单位C.施工单位D.监理单位【2010年真题】36.新建房屋的质量保修,由( A )负责。

A.建设单位B.物业服务企业C.业主D.施工单位【2010年真题】37.物业服务企业承接物业时,应当现场查验的对象是( C )。

A.物业专有部分和专用设施设备B.物业专有部分和共有部位C.物业共用部位和共用设施设备D.物业专有部分和共用设施设备【2010年真题】38.某物业服务企业管理多层住宅50万平方米,高层住宅30万平方米,办公楼及商业大楼5万平方米,从管理类型和规模上看,未达到物业服务企业()资质等级要求。

A.一级50/200+30/100+5/50=0.25+0.3+0.1=0.65B.二级50/100+30/50+5/20=0.5+0.6+0.25=1.35C.三级D.三级制定【2010年真题】39.物业管理师资格注册有效期为( C )年。

A.1 B.2C.3 D.4【2010年真题】40.参加物业管理师资格考试全部4个科目考试的人员,必须在(C )考试年度内通过全部科目。

A.一个B.两个C.连续两个D.连续三个【2010年真题】41.注册物业管理师每年接受继续教育时间应当不少于( B )学时。

A.30 B.40C.50 D.60【2010年真题】42.住宅专项维修资金的管理原则是专户存储、专款专用、( B )。

A.政府决策、统一管理B.所有权人决策、政府监督C.政府决策、所有权人监督D.所有权人决策、政府管理【2010年真题】43.住宅专项维修资金的使用,应当遵循的原则是方便快捷、公开透明、( C )。

A.全体分摊B.平均分摊C.受益人与负担人相一致D.自愿分摊【2010年真题】44.公房出售单位,从售房款中一次性提取住宅专项维修资金,其中,高层住宅按不低于售房款的( C )提取。

A.10% B.20% C.30% D.40%【2010年真题】45.《物权法》关于“业主的建筑物区分所有权”的有关规定。

主要意义在于奠定了物业管理的( A )法律基础。

A.民事B.行政C.经济D.专业【2010年真题】46.《物权法》关于业主的权利与义务关系的说法,正确的是( B )。

A.可以放弃权利不履行义务B.不得以放弃权利不履行义务C.可以通过合同约定其享有权利而不履行义务D.可以不放弃权利也可以不履行义务【2010年真题】47.业主将住宅改变为经营性用房的,除遵守法律、法规以及管理规约外,应该经( B )同意。

A.全体业主B.有利害关系的业主C.物业服务企业D.业主委员会【2010年真题】48.业主对共有部分行使权利、承担义务,除应当遵守物权法及相关法律、法规外,还应当依据( A )。

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