重点高中英语语法之名词性从句
高中英语教资语法点-从句
名词性从句 Noun clause(包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)定义:A noun clause is a dependent clause that acts as a noun in a sentence. Noun clauses will contain a subject and a verb, but they cannot stand alone in a sentence. It must always be paired with a main clause.1.主语从句 subjective clause定义:A noun clause is a clause that plays the role of a noun. We use it as subject placeholder.结构:(1)主语从句(subject clause)+谓语(predicate)例句:what she said is right.(2)It 形式主语(formal subject)+谓语(predicate)+主语从句例句:It is important to arrive on time.2.宾语从句 objective clause定义:objective clause is clause that acts as an object in a sentence. It often follows a verb. 结构:{subject} + {verb} +(that可省略)+ {object clause}例句:I know (that) he is lying.I didn’t realize (that) I was late.3.表语从句 predicative clause定义:A predicative clause is a clause that follows a linking verb(系动词)and describes the subject of the sentence. It may be introduced by conjunctions such as that, whether, as, because, A predicative clause may be introduced by conjunctions(连词), such as that, whether, as, as if, because, or connectives (连接词). Connectives many be conjunctive pronouns (连接代词)(who, whom, what, whose, which, whoever, whatever) or conjunctive adverbs (连接副词) (where, wherever, when, whenever, how and why).结构:Subject+ linking verb+ predicative clause例句:The regulation was that the first examination should be done in writing.Our proposal is that you should join in.Their suggestion was that no one should interfere.注:if不能引导表语从句。
高考英语语法之名词性从句
1.名词:表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。 2.名词的句法作用:名词在句中主要作主语、宾 语、表语和同位语。另外还可以作定语、状语。 3.名词性从句: 在英语的句子结构中,本来该由名词充当的主 语、宾语、表语和同位语,由一个句子来充当, 这个句子就叫名词性从句。 4.名词性从句的种类: 根据名词性从句在句子中所充当的不同成分, 名词性从句可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表 语从句和同位语从句。
2.When he will go to America is not yet fixed.
(It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)
宾语从句
在复合句中作主句的宾语.引导 词有连词that (that 常可省 略),whether,if; 代词有who, whose,what ,which
表语从句
在复合句中作主句的表语. 引导词有连词that (that 不可 省),whether; 代词有who, what ,which;
副词 when ,where, how, why
等.
The problem is that we didn’t get in touch with him.
This is how Henry solved the problem. His suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once.
(4).It is not yet decided which cash crop will be produced next year. (5).Whatever he said was right.
(6).Whoever goes there must get ready by 6 o’clock.
高中英语语法:名词性从句知识汇总
高中英语语法:名词性从句知识汇总在复合句中具有名词的性质的作主语、表语、同位语、宾语的从句叫名词性从句。
因此,我们把主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句这四种从句统称为名词性从句。
当名词性从句要采用陈述句语序。
由一个含疑问意义的连词引起时,必须将该连词放在名词性从句的开头,且该从句语序不能倒装。
一、引导名词性从句的关联词引导名词性从句的关联词大致相同,它们分别是:连词:that, whether, if;关系代词:who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever;关系副词:when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever。
引导从句时一般不用逗号和主句分开。
连词that在从句中不作成分,不含疑问意义;而wh-连词在从句中作成分,且含有疑问意义;或what/where从句相当于一个名词后加一个定语从句。
It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.她的头发在变白令她有点担忧。
(that在从句中只起引导词作用,不作成分)What caused the accident is still a complete mystery.事故发生的原因仍然是个不解之谜。
(What在从句中作主语)2、that与whether引导名词性从句的区别。
(1)动词doubt表示“怀疑、不知道”解时,肯定句接whether引导的宾语从句;否定句don’t doubt和疑问句Do you doubt要接that引导的从句。
I don’t doubt that he will come soon.我不怀疑他不久会来。
(此处不用whether)Can you doubt that he will win?你怀疑他会赢吗?(此处不用whether)比较:doubt表示“不信”解时,表示强烈的不相信时,在陈述句中可接that从句。
高中英语知识点归纳名词性从句
高中英语知识点归纳名词性从句名词性从句是英语中的一个重要语法知识点,它在句子中起着名词的作用。
名词性从句一般由连接词引导,可以作主语、表语、宾语、同位语等。
它的运用能够使句子更加丰富多样,增加表达的灵活性。
本文将对名词性从句的几种常见情况进行归纳总结。
一、名词性从句作主语名词性从句可以作为句子的主语,它承担了动词的逻辑主语的地位。
常用的连接词有:that, whether, if等。
1. 引导词为that的情况:例如:That he didn't come as he had promised was disappointing.翻译:他没有按照承诺的那样来,真令人失望。
2. 引导词为whether/if的情况:例如:Whether he will come or not remains unknown.翻译:他是否会来还是个未知数。
二、名词性从句作表语名词性从句可以作为句子的表语,表达主语的性质、特点、状态等。
常用的连接词有:that, whether, what等。
例如:It is unclear whether he is telling the truth or not.翻译:他是否在说真话还不清楚。
三、名词性从句作宾语名词性从句可以作为句子的宾语,接在及物动词、介词后面。
常用的连接词有:that, whether, if, what, who, whom, which, whose等。
1. 当宾语从句是及物动词的宾语时,常用连接词是that。
例如:He said that he would come tomorrow.翻译:他说他明天会来。
2. 当宾语从句是介词的宾语时,常用连接词是whether/if, 当介词为介词to时,连接词也可以用为不定式to。
例如:She is not sure about whether/if he will join us.翻译:她不确定他是否会加入我们。
高中英语语法:四种名词性从句讲解与练习
名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
因此,名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
引导词:主语从句就是在复合句中用作主语的从句,引导主语从句的引导词主要有三类:一是that;二是whether;三是那些可以用作疑问词的词语,如what, who, which, when, where, how, why等(一)引导名词性从句的连接词1、连接代词:who, whose, whom, what, which。
有词义,在从句中担任成分,如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
2、连接副词:when, where, why, how。
有词义,在从句中担任成分,作状语。
3、连接词:that, whether, if, as if。
that 无词义,在从句中不担任成分,有时可省略;if (whether), as if虽有词义,但在从句中不担任成分。
注意:连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句,因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。
连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分,连接词whether 和if(是否),as if(好象)在从句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。
根据句义,如果连接代词与连接副词,whether、if 和as if都用不上时,才用that作连接词(that本身无任何含义)。
一、主语从句与宾词从句连词、语序、时态相同。
只是不能用if, that 不可省;(一)、主语从句是一个句子,在句子中作主语成分。
(二),主语从句的特点1.与宾语从句使用同样的连接词,只是if 不能用;1)、陈述句用that。
2)、一般疑问句用whether。
3)、特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词what, which, who,when, where, why, how 等词引导。
2.经常隐身(以it为形式主语出现)。
例句:1.It's true that the earth is round.That the earth is round is true.2. 表是否的意思时,不能用if代替whether.It hasn't been decided whether he'll come or not.Whether he'll come or not hasn't been decided.3. 从句语序为主谓宾正常语序。
高中英语语法——名词性从句_2
表语 同位语
名词性从句的定义及种类 1. 定义: 在句子中起名词作用的各种从句,统称为名词性从句。 2. 种类: 根据它们在句中所充当的句子成分,可以分为主语从 句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
请判断以下哪几句为名词性从句
1.Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown. 主语从句 2.The question is when he can arrive at the hotel. 表语从句 3.It was Mary that helped me solve the problem. 强调句 4.Whoever breaks the law will be punished. 主语从句
1. 从属连词: that, if, whether
that: 无词义、不充当从句中的成分,引导第一个宾语从句可省略。 if: 表是否,不充当从句中的成分,引导宾语从句,不可省略。 whether: 表是否,不充当从句中的成分,引导名词性从句,不可省略。
1.__T_h__a_t __we will realize our dreams in the future is certain. 2.The fact is __t_h_a_t_ the Earth goes around the Sun. 3.__W__h_e_t_h_e_rshe will come back on time depends on weather. 4.I asked him __i_f/__w_h_e_t_h_e_r he could do me a favor. 5.Could you tell me the question _w__h_e_t_h_e_r English is useful for us now? 6.Word came ___t_h_a_t_ his son was admitted to Beijing University. 7.The christian Church rejected his theory, saying ___(_th_a_t_)__ it was against God's idea and ___t_h_a_t_ people who supported it would be attacked.
高中英语语法---名词性从句详解
名词性从句详解名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。
其关联词有连接词that,if,whether;疑问代词who,what,which和疑问副词when,where,how,why等。
一.语法讲解1.主语从句主语从句在句中做主语。
它可以放在主句谓语动词之前,但多数情况由it作形式主语,而把主语从句放在主句之后。
例如:Who did that is known to all.It is interesting that you should like him.2.表语从句表语从句在句中作表语,位于主句中的系动词之后。
如:The question is who can complete the difficult task.表语从句不能用if引导,但可用as if引导。
例如:He looked as if he was going to cry.3.同位语从句同位语从句跟在名词后面,进一步说明该名词的具体内容。
引导同位语从句的名词主要有fact,news,promise,idea,truth等。
连接词用that(不用which),及连接副词how,when,where,why等。
例如:His delay is due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway.The news that our team has won the match is true.She asked the reason why there was a delay.4.宾语从句1.宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。
例如:We can learn what we did not know.He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.如果主句的谓语动词是及物动词make,find,see,hear等,则把宾语从句置于宾语补足语之后,用it作为形式宾语。
高中英语知识点归纳名词性从句的用法
高中英语知识点归纳名词性从句的用法名词性从句是英语中一个重要的语法结构,它可以在句子中充当名词的作用。
名词性从句可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语等,它的引导词有很多种,比如that, whether, who, whom, whose, which, what, when, where等。
本文将对名词性从句的用法进行归纳总结。
1. 名词性从句作主语名词性从句作主语时,常用it代替整个从句,并将从句放在句子的后面。
例如:It is important that we learn English well.(我们学好英语很重要。
)2. 名词性从句作宾语名词性从句作宾语时,常与一些动词或介词搭配使用。
例如:I believe that he will come.(我相信他会来。
)She is not sure whether he likes her or not.(她不确定他是否喜欢她。
)They asked me what time the train would leave.(他们问我火车什么时候开。
)3. 名词性从句作表语名词性从句作表语时,常用it代替整个从句,并将从句放在句子的后面。
例如:The important thing is that we try our best.(重要的是我们尽力。
)4. 名词性从句作同位语名词性从句作同位语时,修饰前面的名词,起进一步说明或解释的作用。
例如:The fact that he lied surprised me.(他撒谎的事实使我吃惊。
)除了以上几种常见的使用方式,名词性从句还有一些特殊的用法。
5. 名词性从句与疑问词连用名词性从句与疑问词连用时,疑问词可以是关系代词或关系副词,例如:I don't know who will come.(我不知道谁会来。
)Please tell me where you were last night.(请告诉我你昨晚在哪里。
高中英语语法之名词性从句
whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if
练一练: if / whether 1. I asked her _if_/__w_h_e_t_h_e_r she had a bike. 2. We’re worried about _w_h_e_t_h_e_r_ he is safe. 3. I don’t know _w__h_e_t_h_e_r___ he is well or
1.Everyone knew what happened and that she
was worried.
2.The reason lies in that she works harder
than the others do.
3.I think it necessary that you should read English
• 以上三种句型表建议,要求,责任,义务,或愿 望从句谓语常用should + do, should 可以省略。
• It is suggested that you (should) take it.
• It is necessary that you should stop.
D. It +happened( occur to / seem/ matter/ appear…)+ that / wh-clause
• C. it + be + p.p ( known/ said/reported/ believed/ suggested/ stressed …) + that/ wh-从句
(完整版)高中英语名词性从句详解
(完整版)高中英语名词性从句详解名词性从句【名词性从句】相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
因此,名词性从句分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
宾语从句——在复合句中作主句及物动词的宾语,也可作介词或某些形容词的宾语1。
连接词从属连词that whether if 不担任成分只起连接作用关系代词who whom whose whatwhich既担任成分,又起连接作用。
主语,宾语或表语等关系副词when where why how 既担任成分,又起连接作用常担任状语◆I think (that) you will like the pictures。
◆ He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago。
◆ I don't know why Jane was late for school this morning。
◆The teacher is pleased with what she said。
◆I’m afraid that I can’t go to the party。
2.注意事项(that通常可以省略)。
但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that 不可省。
◆He told me (that) he was ill and that he would not come to the party。
②陈述语序◆ I want to know what he has told you。
◆ She will give whoever needs help a warm support。
③注意宾语从句中的时态呼应。
当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况,而使用不同时态。
当主句动词是过去时态(could, would除外),从句则要用相应的过去时态,如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等;当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态。
高中英语语法--名词性从句专项讲解及训练
名词性从句名词性从句一.概述:在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句。
根据它们在句中的语法作用,这类从句又可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
四.if, whether的区别1.引导主语从句时,如果主语从句放在句首,只能用whether不能用if引导,但是如果用it 做形式主语,而把主语从句放在句末时,也可以用if引导.2.引导宾语从句时常放在动词know, ask, care, wonder之后,if和whether均可。
3.在介词后面的宾语从句中,在表语从句、同位语从句中,表“是否”,只能用whether;4.whether和if都可以和or not连用,但是whether 之后可以直接跟or not,而if不可以。
I don’t know whether or not I will stay.(只能用whether)5.在不定式前只能用whether.如:I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。
五.与“命令、要求、建议”等相关的名词性从句中通常用虚拟语气,虚拟语气的构成是“should+动词原形”或省去should,直接用动词原形。
六.名词性从句以考查引导词为主,同时考查时态,语序,与其它从句的区别以及混同虚拟语气的考查。
一.主语从句1.主语从句定义:在复合句中充当主语的句子叫做主语从句。
That he will succeed is certain.Whether wild life can be well protected is of great importance.Who will go makes no different.Which kind of food is the best is still not certain.What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation.How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting.When they’ll start the project has not been decided yet.Where he hid the money is to be found out.Why dinosaurs died out remains a puzzle.2.主语从句引导词按照在句中是否做成分主要分为三类:连词that、whether、if 连接代词、连接副词。
【高中英语】高中语法讲解之名词性从句
【高中英语】高中语法讲解之名词性从句一、引导名词性从句的连接词1.连接代词:who,who,who,what,who,what,who,what,它具有词义,在一个从句中充当一个成分,如主语、谓语、宾语、定语等。
2.连接副词:when,where,why,how.有词义,在从句中担任成分,作状语。
3.连接词:指没有意义且不作为从句中的一个成分的、是否、如果、asif。
有时可以省略;如果(是否),asif有一个词的意思,但它不作为一个从句中的一个元素。
注意:连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句,因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。
连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分,连接词whether和if(是否),asif(好像)在从句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。
根据句义,如果连接代词与连接副词,whether、if和asif都用不上时,才用that作连接词(that本身无任何含义)。
二、主语从句1.主语从句在复合句作主语。
e、 g.谁去并不重要。
2.用it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末。
3.在指导主题条款时不能忽略这一点。
e.g.thathesuddenlyfellilllastweekmadeussurprised.三、表语从句1.表语从句在复合句中作表语,位于系动词之后。
e、问题是谁能到这里。
2.引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。
四、宾语从句1.宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。
引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。
e、我希望一切都好。
2.介词之后的宾语从句,不可用which或if连接,要分别用what或whether.e、我不知道你是否完成了工作……i’minterestedinwhatyou‘vesaid.3.是否和如果都可以产生宾语从句,宾语从句通常是可互换的。
但以下情况不能互换。
(1)宾语从句是否定句时,只用if,不用whether.e、 g.Iwonderifit不训练。
(2)用if会引起误解,就要用whether.e、请告诉我你想不想去。
高中英语实用语法第十二章 名词性从句
名词性从句【知识精讲】在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词(一)引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:1.连词:that(无任何词意,陈述句充当名词性从句)whether ,if(均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性,一般疑问句充当名词性从句)as if ,as though(均表示“好像”,“似乎”)以上在从句中均不充当任何成分2.连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,whose, which. whichever, whomever3.连接副词:when, where, how, why(由特殊疑问句充当名词性从句)(二)、名词性that-从句1.由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。
That只起连接主句和从句的作用,在从句中不担任任何成分,本身也没有词义。
名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语,例如:主语:That he is still alive is sheer luck.宾语:John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.表语:The fact is that he has not been seen recently.同位语:The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.形容词宾语:I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.2.That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词,而将that-从句置于句末,例如:●It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.●It's a pity that you should have to leave.(三)名词性wh-从句1.由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。
高中英语语法系统讲解之十名词性从句
高中英语语法系统讲解之十名词性从句一. 名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。
名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
其引导词有从属连词、连接代词和连接副词。
从属连词that、 if(whether)。
that无词义,在从句中不担任成分,有时可省略;if(whether)虽有词义,但在从句中不担任成分。
连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which有词义,在从句中担任成分,如主语、表语、宾语或定语。
连接副词when,where,why,how有词义,在从句中担任成分(状语)。
Whether he will come out (主语从句) is unknownIt is unknown whether he will come out or not (主语从句)I don’t know whether he will come out (宾语从句)The question is whether he will come out (表语从句)The question whether he will come out or not is not settled(同位语从句).1. 主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。
○1由从属连词引导:如That the earth turns around the sun is known to all. Whether it is true remains a question.It’s not sure if he will succeed.易错误区:if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾,而whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首,也可放在句尾。
○2由连接代词引导:如What we need is more practice.Which team will win the championship is uncertain. ○3由连接副词引导:如Where the meeting will be held hasn’t been decided. When he will return is the most important question.○4由it作形式主语的几种情况:A. It + 系动词 + 名词 + that从句常用名词:a fact“事实”;an honour“荣耀”;common sense“常识”;a wonder“奇迹”;good news;a shame“遗憾,耻辱”;a pity“遗憾”;no wonder“难怪”。
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重点高中英语语法之名词性从句————————————————————————————————作者:————————————————————————————————日期:23高中英语语法之名词性从句第一节 基本知识与基本概念【什么是名词性从句?】上一章,我们了解的是定语从句,加上我们以前了解的宾语从句和状语从句,好像“名词性从句”这个概念本身就和我们所熟知的概念不是一路货色。
没错。
请看下表:根据从句在句子中的功能分根据从句的性质分 定语从句形容词性从句 主语从句名词性从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句状语从句 副词性从句只是,在平时老师讲课时,形容词性从句和副词性从句并没有形成气候罢了。
相比之下,名词性从句由于“家丁兴旺”而大行其道。
但是,作为学生,我们有必要了解这些基本概念的来龙去脉。
【主语从句】顾名思义,主语从句在句子中作主语。
有时本身出现在主语的位置上,也有时出于句子结构的考虑退到句子的尾部,前面用形式主语it 代替。
从句作主语时,谓语动词一般为单数形式。
如:What I saw was beyond any verbal description.That his hair was turning grey worried him a bit.Why the company denied the contract is still unknown.When and where the government will build a city square is under discussion.It is pretty annoying that a small part of the machine is missing.It remains to be seen whether the new novel will be well received.【宾语从句】在句子中作宾语的从句就是宾语从句。
由于这是同学们接触比较早的一种从句,应该问题不大。
所以在近年的高考题中,以宾语从句的知识作为考点的题目较少。
但是,宾语从句也有自己的特殊情况,如介词的宾语,形容词的宾语,宾语从句提前和并列的宾语从句等现象。
如:We assumed that there would be more than 100 guests.He told the police in detail what he saw and heard.Nobody is sure what humans will look like in a million years.That will depend on whether they can get the chance.Whether I will have the time I am not sure at the moment.The conductor complained that we were not gifted in singing and that he would never come again.【表语从句】表语从句的最重要脸谱就是它们应该出现在系动词的后面。
如:The only question left is how often the workers are paid.His idea for the coming weekend is that we go skating.【同位语从句】从脸谱上看,同位语从句最为麻烦。
因为它们也是出现在一个名词的后面,起着解释说明的作用。
有点像定语从句。
这个点是许多学生容易混淆的地方。
但是,只有我们能把握住关键,即:定语从句的先行词在从句中必须作一个成分,并且这个成分应该是个空白,也就是说,定语从句必须缺少成分。
这一点恰恰是同位语从句所不能做到的。
同位语从句前面的名词在从句中是没有位置的。
况且,也不是所有的名词后面都会跟同位语从句,只有那些“有内容的名词”才需要解释。
如fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt等。
如:That fact that the policeman didn’t fire at the man at all was ignored.Do you have any idea what is going on in the classroom.The possibility that we can work at home makes everybody excited.尽管同学们在这个方面有诸多问题,但好消息还是有的,在新出台的《山东省高考考试说明》中,同位语从句不在必考的名单之中。
大家可以放心了。
【连接代词、连接副词和连接词】通过以上介绍,我们可以看出,四种名词性从句都需要有一个连接性词在从句的开头。
这个词是什么性质,要看它在从句中作作的成分,如果作的是主语、宾语、表语的话,这个词就是连接代词;如果作的是各种状语,就叫连接副词;如果不作任何成分,就叫连接词。
如下表:连接词that, if, whether引导名词性从句的连接词连接代词who, whom, what, whose, which, whichever, whatever,whoever连接副词when, where, how, why第二节考点分类解析【考点一:语序问题】名词性从句的语序问题一直断断续续地在各地高考题目中出现,由此可见其重要性。
其实说来非常简单易记:永远陈述语气。
即名词性从句中不会出现助动词提前的现象。
如:Who he is doesn’t matter much.When and where we shall have the sports meet is a question.I don’t know what his name is.I don’t know what is wrong with him. = I don’t know what is the matter with him.You can’t imagine how excited I was at that time.4Can you tell me what size shoes you wear?No one can be sure ______ in a million years. (MET1991)A. what will man look likeB. what man will look likeC. man will look like whatD. what look will man like答案:B。
这个题就是典型的考查宾语从句的语序问题。
根据以上所述,应该是陈述语序。
所以A、C 两个选项就不可能了。
而D选项明显不符合我们的语言习惯。
【考点二:that和what的区别问题】能引导名词性从句的关系代词有who, whom, what, whose, which, whichever, whatever, whoever八个。
为何单独讲what的用法呢?重要!在考试中出现的频率高!在本书第一章《定语从句》中,我们提到过,what是不能引导定语从句的。
定语从句中如果缺少的成分是主语、宾语、表语,我们选择的是关系代词that或其他。
现在山头换了,到了名词性从句的知识范围了。
What在名词性从句中就很有用武之地了。
还是分析成分,what 在从句中作的主语、宾语、表语。
而that只是一个“连接词”,既不作什么成分,也没有什么意义。
如:What you did doesn’t agree with what you promised.What he couldn’t understand was why his teacher was never satisfied with him.The matter of salary is what I care most if I decide to change my profession.What we can’t get always seems better than what we have already got.I think that your composition is no better than his.That you don’t love her is not my business.What we have seen is different from _______.A. we heardB. we have heardC. what we heardD. what we have heard答案:D。
我们应该可以看出这是个宾语从句。
从句中hear是个及物动词,缺少宾语。
所以,应该选有what引导的从句。
而不能是that或者省略了that的情况。
I couldn’t agree with ______ at the meeting.A. that you saidB. which you saidC. all what you saidD. what you said答案:D。
与上一题相同,这也是一个考查宾语从句的题目。
从句中的say是个及物动词,缺少宾语。
所以,应该选择what引导的宾语从句。
但是,这个题目最容易错的选项是C。
因为有些同学会认为all是先行词,而后面时what引导的定语从句。
但是,从上一章的讲解我们应该学会what是不引导定语从句的。
所以,C根本就是不存在的。
【考点三:that和whether的区别问题】有时候,它们两个比较难以区别,因为,它们都是连接词,都在从句中不作成分。
但是,它们之间最大的区别在于“意义”。
即that在从句中既不作成分,也没有自己的意义;而whether就不同了。
它虽然不在从句中作什么成分,但是它又意义,即“是否”。
这就能够左右从句的意思,使从句所表达的意思变成一个还没有确定的因素。
如:I don’t know whether he can join us or not.I’m sure that he can join us.It is none of your business whether I love her.It is none of your bu siness that I don’t love her.5综上所述,区分that还是whether,重要一点就是看主句需要从句表达一个什么意思,是确定的,还是不确定的;是事实还是疑问。
前者选that,后者选whether。